Ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system for precise spiral tube

Abstract

The invention discloses a precise spiral pipe ultrafast femtosecond laser machining system, and belongs to the field of precise instrument manufacturing, the precise spiral pipe ultrafast femtosecond laser machining system comprises a machining platform, a laser device, a cooling-water machine and a servo electric cylinder, the laser device is arranged right above the machining platform, and a visual cutting mechanism is arranged on one side of the laser device; the visual cutting mechanism is used for machining the surface of a pipe fitting through a camera light source assembly and dynamically adjusting the position of a cutting head focus lens fixing assembly, a laser control mechanism is arranged on one side of the laser device, and the laser control mechanism changes the propagation direction through a reflecting mirror in the machining process. The camera light source assembly has the core function of achieving workpiece calibration and path planning before machining, a high-resolution industrial camera is used for conducting multi-angle image collection on a threaded pipe placed on a material supporting plate under uniform illumination of an integrated light source, an identification result is compared with a CAD model on line, and the machining precision of the threaded pipe is improved. And the path compensation amount is automatically calculated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of precision instrument manufacturing, and specifically relates to a precision spiral tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system. Background Technology

[0002] Lasers possess advantages such as high brightness, high directionality, high monochromaticity, and high coherence. Under non-contact conditions, their ability to manufacture complex structures with high quality and flexibility far surpasses that of traditional manufacturing. In recent years, with the development of high peak power, high beam quality, and short wavelength laser technology, high-precision, low-impact laser processing technology has become one of the main means of high-end manufacturing in the future, and has been extensively studied in the high-quality processing of brittle materials.

[0003] Traditional ultrafast femtosecond laser processing systems for medical devices use separate ultrafast laser cutting machines for tube and planar instruments, respectively. However, due to limitations in the layout of the motion axis system, the incompatibility of the control system and the laser processing software system, it is impossible to achieve ultrafast laser processing of precision thin-walled tube and planar instruments in the same ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system. However, in current laser processing, if only a single lead screw or ordinary cylinder is used as the driving solution, it will be difficult to accurately control the displacement distance of the workpiece at the micrometer level due to its inherent precision limitations. This lack of control precision will directly lead to an increase in the processing error of precision threaded tubes. Based on the above reasons, this invention designs a precision spiral tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a precision spiral tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system.

[0005] A precision helical tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system includes a processing platform, a laser, a chiller, and a servo cylinder. The laser is positioned directly above the processing platform, and a visual cutting mechanism is located to one side of the laser. This visual cutting mechanism processes the surface of the tube using a camera light source assembly and dynamically adjusts the position of the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly. A laser control mechanism is also located to one side of the laser. During processing, the laser control mechanism guides the laser to subsequent optical components or the processing area by changing the propagation direction via a reflector. The chiller is installed to one side of the laser. A vertical truss is symmetrically arranged above the processing platform. Longitudinal slide bars are rectangularly distributed on one side of the vertical truss. A displacement mechanism is arranged above the processing platform. During use, the displacement mechanism adjusts the position of the material. The outer side of the guide rail is protected by a corrugated fabric cover. An electrical control module is arranged below the processing platform. A servo electric cylinder is connected inside the vertical truss. The output end of the servo electric cylinder is connected to the bottom support plate of the longitudinal slide bar. Longitudinal slide bars are arranged between the two sets of vertical trusses. Side partition plates are evenly spaced on the outer side of the longitudinal slide bars.

[0006] Preferably, the visual cutting mechanism includes a camera light source assembly, a device base, an optical path protective sleeve, a point light source fixing seat, a servo cylinder one, a cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly, a guide rail one, a servo cylinder two, and an L-shaped connecting rod. The device base is located directly below the camera light source assembly. The optical path protective sleeve is connected to the bottom end of the device base. The point light source fixing seat is bolted to the outer side of the optical path protective sleeve. The servo cylinder one is connected to one side of the point light source fixing seat. The guide rail one is connected to one side of the servo cylinder one. The cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly is located directly below the point light source fixing seat. The servo cylinder two is located on one side of the guide rail one. The back slider of the L-shaped connecting rod is movably connected to one side of the guide rail one.

[0007] Preferably, the output end of the servo cylinder two is connected to the guide rail one, and is connected to the slider on the back of the L-shaped connecting rod through the guide rail one.

[0008] Preferably, the servo cylinder and the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly are electrically connected to the electronic control module, which includes an industrial computer, a main control circuit board, a circuit breaker, an EMC filter, and terminal blocks.

[0009] Preferably, the laser control mechanism includes a collimating lens, a beam expander, a reflector, a mirror assembly adjustment base, a second guide rail, fasteners, and a positioning hole. The beam expander is located on one side of the output end of the laser. The beam expanded by the beam expander then enters the collimating lens. The output optical path of the beam expander is directly aligned with and connected to the input end of the collimating lens. A reflector is located on one side of the collimating lens. A mirror assembly adjustment base is connected directly below the reflector. A second guide rail is connected to the bottom end of the mirror assembly adjustment base. A fastener is connected to one side of the second guide rail. A positioning hole is provided through the top of the mirror assembly adjustment base.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the lens assembly adjustment seat has a through-hole that connects to the internal slider of the guide rail, and the bottom of the lens assembly adjustment seat is connected to the slider by a bearing.

[0011] Preferably, the displacement mechanism includes a material tray, a guide rail three, a longitudinal base, a corrugated fabric cover, an armature block, and side baffles. The material tray is positioned directly above the longitudinal base. A processing platform is connected to the bottom end of the longitudinal base. Side baffles are symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the material tray. An armature block is connected to the bottom end of the material tray. A guide rail three is positioned directly below the armature block. The guide rail three is symmetrically arranged inside the longitudinal base. Corrugated fabric covers are symmetrically arranged at the top end of the longitudinal base.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom end of the material tray is slidably connected to the outer side of the guide rail three via an armature block, and the guide rail three is arranged parallel to the longitudinal base.

[0013] Preferably, the longitudinal base is connected to one side of the material pallet via a corrugated fabric cover provided on one side, and the unfolded size of a set of the corrugated fabric covers is half the size of the longitudinal base.

[0014] The advantages of this invention are: 1. This invention utilizes a dual-band laser source and optical path system, switching between ultrafast red and ultrafast green light by alternating wave doubling plates. The system is equipped with a vacuum adsorption fixture suitable for clamping and fixing precision thin-walled planar instruments, a clamping system for clamping and fixing precision thin-walled tubular instruments, and a support system that adapts to changes in the outer diameter tolerance of tubular instruments. This enables ultrafast laser cutting, scribing, drilling, etching, and other laser micro / nano processing of metallic and non-metallic precision thin-walled tubular and planar instruments within the same ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system. It can meet the ultrafast femtosecond laser processing requirements of tubular and planar medical devices used in interventional procedures, minimally invasive surgery, and endoscopy, significantly improving the high-flexibility manufacturing capabilities of ultrafast femtosecond laser processing systems.

[0015] 2. The core function of the camera light source component is to achieve workpiece calibration and path planning before processing. It uses a high-resolution industrial camera to acquire multi-angle images of the threaded pipe placed on the material pallet under uniform illumination of the integrated light source. The image processor quickly identifies the actual spatial position of the workpiece. By comparing the identification results with the CAD model online, the path compensation amount is automatically calculated and fed back to the motion control system. This achieves automatic correction of the processing benchmark and high-precision initial positioning, significantly reducing the investment cost of the ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system as well as the daily energy consumption and maintenance costs.

[0016] 3. By effectively blocking metal spatter, smoke, and debris generated during laser processing from falling onto the guide rail surface, these contaminants can accelerate guide rail wear, scratch the sliding surface, and lead to permanent loss of precision. Through the high-precision sliding fit between the armature block and the guide rail, the material pallet is ensured to make high-rigidity, low-friction linear motion on the longitudinal base. This structure eliminates the backlash problem that may exist in traditional lead screws, providing excellent motion smoothness and positioning accuracy. The long strip electromagnet set inside the guide rail has multiple independently controllable coil segments. By selectively energizing, a magnetic field is generated, which magnetizes the ferromagnetic material in the armature block and generates a repulsive force. By carefully arranging the activation sequence of the coil segments, this repulsive force can be converted into continuous and precise forward movement of the armature block along the guide rail. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement mechanism in this invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the laser control mechanism in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the laser control mechanism in this invention; Figure 5 This is a side view of the camera light source assembly in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rail structure from one side in this invention; Figure 7 This is a side view schematic diagram of the vertical truss structure in this invention.

[0018] Among them: 1. Processing platform; 2. Laser; 3. Visual cutting mechanism; 31. Camera light source assembly; 32. Equipment base; 33. Optical path protective sleeve; 34. Point light source fixing seat; 35. Servo cylinder one; 36. Cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly; 37. Guide rail one; 38. Servo cylinder two; 39. L-shaped connecting rod; 4. Laser control mechanism; 41. Collimating lens; 42. Beam expander; 43. Reflector; 44. Lens assembly adjustment seat; 45. Guide rail II; 46. Fastener; 47. Positioning hole; 5. Chiller; 6. Vertical truss; 7. Displacement mechanism; 71. Material pallet; 72. Guide rail three; 73. Longitudinal base; 74. Corrugated fabric cover; 75. Armature block; 76. Side baffle; 8. Electrical control module; 9. Servo electric cylinder; 10. Longitudinal slide bar; 11. Side partition plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a precision helical tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system includes a processing platform 1, a laser 2, a chiller 5, and a servo cylinder 9. The laser 2 is positioned directly above the processing platform 1. A visual cutting mechanism 3 is located to one side of the laser 2. The visual cutting mechanism 3 processes the surface of the tube through a camera light source assembly 31, while dynamically adjusting the position of the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly 36. A laser control mechanism 4 is located to one side of the laser 2. During processing, the laser control mechanism 4 guides the laser to subsequent optical components or the processing area by changing the propagation direction via a reflector 43. The chiller 5 is installed to one side of the laser 2. A vertical truss 6 is symmetrically arranged above the processing platform 1. Longitudinal slide bars 10 are rectangularly distributed on one side of the vertical truss 6. A displacement mechanism 7 is arranged above the processing platform 1. During use, the displacement mechanism 7 adjusts the position of the material. The outer side of the guide rail 72 is protected by a corrugated fabric cover 74. An electrical control module 8 is arranged below the processing platform 1. A servo electric cylinder 9 is connected inside the vertical truss 6. The output end of the servo electric cylinder 9 is connected to the bottom support plate of the longitudinal slide bar 10. Longitudinal slide bars 10 are arranged between two sets of vertical trusses 6. Side partition plates 11 are arranged at equal intervals on the outer side of the longitudinal slide bars 10.

[0021] The visual cutting mechanism 3 includes a camera light source assembly 31, an equipment base 32, an optical path protective sleeve 33, a point light source mounting base 34, a servo cylinder 35, a cutting head focusing lens mounting assembly 36, a guide rail 37, a servo cylinder 38, and an L-shaped connecting rod 39. The equipment base 32 is positioned directly below the camera light source assembly 31. The bottom end of the equipment base 32 is connected to the optical path protective sleeve 33. The outer side of the optical path protective sleeve 33 is bolted to the point light source mounting base 34. One side of the point light source mounting base 34 is connected to the servo cylinder 35, and one side of the servo cylinder 35 is connected to... The guide rail 37 is located directly below the point light source mounting base 34, where a cutting head focusing lens mounting assembly 36 is installed. The servo cylinder 38 is located on one side of the guide rail 37. The back slider of the L-shaped connecting rod 39 is movably connected to one side of the guide rail 37. The output end of the servo cylinder 38 is connected to the guide rail 37 and is connected to the back slider of the L-shaped connecting rod 39 through the guide rail 37. The servo cylinder 38 and the cutting head focusing lens mounting assembly 36 are electrically connected to the electronic control module 8, which includes an industrial computer, a main control circuit board, a circuit breaker, an EMC filter, and terminal blocks.

[0022] The piston rod of the servo cylinder 2 38 is movably connected to the guide rail 1 37 via the back slider of the L-shaped connecting rod 39, and transmits the motion to the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly 36. This means that when the servo cylinder 2 38 is activated, it will drive the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly 36 to make a precise vertical micro-movement along the guide rail 1 37, and perform positioning processing on the pipe through the material support plate 71, thereby making the pipe perpendicular to the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly 36, thereby adjusting the position of the pipe. At the same time, the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly 36 is used to perform grooving processing on the pipe.

[0023] The laser control mechanism 4 includes a collimating lens 41, a beam expander 42, a reflector 43, a mirror assembly adjustment seat 44, a second guide rail 45, a fastener 46, and a positioning hole 47. The beam expander 42 is located on one side of the output end of the laser 2. The beam expanded by the beam expander 42 then enters the collimating lens 41. The output optical path of the beam expander 42 is directly aligned with and connected to the input end of the collimating lens 41. A reflector 43 is located on one side of the collimating lens 41. The mirror assembly adjustment seat 44 is connected directly below the reflector 43. The bottom end of the mirror assembly adjustment seat 44 is connected to the second guide rail 45. A fastener is connected to one side of the second guide rail 45. 46. ​​The top end of the mirror assembly adjustment seat 44 is provided with a positioning hole 47; the top end of the mirror assembly adjustment seat 44 is provided with a positioning hole 47 and is connected to the slider inside the guide rail 45. The bottom end of the mirror assembly adjustment seat 44 is connected to the slider by a bearing. The guide rail 45 and the positioning hole 47 are connected to the slider. The mirror assembly adjustment seat 44 is connected to the slider inside the guide rail 45 through the positioning hole 47 at its top end. The mirror assembly adjustment seat 44 can make precise linear displacement along the guide rail 45. The bottom end of the mirror assembly adjustment seat 44 is connected to the slider by a bearing. The bearing connection allows the mirror assembly adjustment seat 44 and the reflector 43 on it to rotate at a small angle.

[0024] The displacement mechanism 7 includes a material tray 71, a guide rail 72, a longitudinal base 73, a corrugated fabric cover 74, an armature block 75, and side baffles 76. The material tray 71 is positioned directly above the longitudinal base 73, and a processing platform 1 is connected to the bottom end of the longitudinal base 73. Side baffles 76 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the material tray 71, and the armature block 75 is connected to the bottom end of the material tray 71. The guide rail 72 is positioned directly below the armature block 75. The guide rail 72 is symmetrically arranged inside the longitudinal base 73, and the top of the longitudinal base 73 is symmetrically arranged with a corrugated fabric cover 74; the bottom end of the material tray 71 is slidably connected to the outside of the guide rail 72 through an armature block 75, and the guide rail 72 is arranged parallel to the longitudinal base 73; the longitudinal base 73 is connected to one side of the material tray 71 through a corrugated fabric cover 74 arranged on one side, and the unfolded size of a set of corrugated fabric covers 74 is half the size of the longitudinal base 73.

[0025] The material pallet 71 is slidably connected to the outer side of the guide rail 72 via the armature block 75. The guide rail 72 is set parallel to the longitudinal base 73 to ensure the accuracy of the movement direction and the overall stability of the system. The guide rail 72 is equipped with a long strip electromagnet with multiple independent and controllable coil segments. When these electromagnets are energized, they will generate a magnetic field. The armature block 75 contains ferromagnetic material. When the electromagnet is energized, the ferromagnetic part in the armature block 75 will be magnetized and interact with the magnetic field of the electromagnet. Since the material pallet 71 and the armature block 75 are fixedly connected, the sliding of the armature block 75 directly drives the entire material pallet 71 to move together. As the material pallet 71 moves, the corrugated fabric cover 74 will extend and retract accordingly. The main function of the corrugated fabric cover 74 is to isolate external pollutants.

[0026] In operation, the laser beam first passes through the beam expander 42 for beam expansion. The expanded beam then enters the collimator 41, which reshapes the divergent beam into a high-quality parallel beam. The parallel beam needs to change direction before entering the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly 36 below. The reflector 43 is usually set at a 45-degree angle to reflect the horizontal beam into a vertical beam. The reflector 43 is mounted on the lens assembly adjustment seat 44, which allows for pitch and yaw of the reflector. The laser beam enters the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly 36 below through the reflector 43. Servo cylinder 2 38 provides driving force, and the piston rod of servo cylinder 2 38 pushes the connected L-shaped connecting rod 39. One end of the L-shaped connecting rod 39 slides on the guide rail 1 37. This design effectively transmits and converts the linear motion of servo cylinder 2 38 into the required motion form. The other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 39 is connected to the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly 36. Therefore, when servo cylinder 2 38 is activated, it drives the entire cutting head focusing lens assembly, together with the focusing lens inside it, to make precise micro-movements along the guide rail 1 37. The electronic control module 8 continuously calculates and outputs commands to the servo cylinder 38 based on the preset processing trajectory and possible real-time feedback. The cylinder then precisely adjusts the position of the L-shaped connecting rod 39, thereby driving the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly 36 to make corresponding small displacements.

[0027] As is known from common technical knowledge, this invention can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this invention or its equivalents are included in this invention.

Claims

1. A precision helical tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system, comprising a processing platform (1), a laser (2), a chiller (5), and a servo electric cylinder (9), characterized in that: A laser (2) is installed directly above the processing platform (1), and a visual cutting mechanism (3) is installed on one side of the laser (2). The visual cutting mechanism (3) processes the surface of the pipe through a camera light source assembly (31) and dynamically adjusts the position of the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly (36). A laser control mechanism (4) is installed on one side of the laser (2). During the processing, the laser control mechanism (4) changes the propagation direction through a reflector (43) and guides the laser to the subsequent optical components or processing area. A chiller (5) is installed on one side of the laser (2). Vertical trusses (6) are symmetrically arranged directly above the processing platform (1). A longitudinal slide bar (10) is rectangularly distributed on one side of the vertical truss (6). A displacement mechanism (7) is set directly above the processing platform (1). During use, the displacement mechanism (7) adjusts the position of the material. The outer side of the guide rail (72) is protected by a corrugated fabric cover (74). An electrical control module (8) is set directly below the processing platform (1). A servo electric cylinder (9) is connected inside the vertical truss (6). The output end of the servo electric cylinder (9) is connected to the bottom support plate of the longitudinal slide bar (10). A longitudinal slide bar (10) is set between the two sets of vertical trusses (6). Side partition plates (11) are set at equal intervals on the outer side of the longitudinal slide bar (10).

2. The precision spiral tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visual cutting mechanism (3) includes a camera light source assembly (31), an equipment base (32), an optical path protective sleeve (33), a point light source fixing seat (34), a servo cylinder one (35), a cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly (36), a guide rail one (37), a servo cylinder two (38), and an L-shaped connecting rod (39). The equipment base (32) is located directly below the camera light source assembly (31), and the bottom end of the equipment base (32) is connected to the optical path protective sleeve (33). The outer side of the sleeve (33) is bolted to a point light source mounting base (34). A servo cylinder (35) is connected to one side of the point light source mounting base (34). A guide rail (37) is connected to one side of the servo cylinder (35). A cutting head focusing lens mounting assembly (36) is provided directly below the point light source mounting base (34). A servo cylinder (38) is located on one side of the guide rail (37). The back slider of the L-shaped connecting rod (39) is movably connected to one side of the guide rail (37).

3. The precision spiral tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The output end of the servo cylinder 2 (38) is connected to the guide rail 1 (37), and is connected to the slider on the back of the L-shaped connecting rod (39) through the guide rail 1 (37).

4. The precision spiral tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The servo cylinder 2 (38) and the cutting head focusing lens fixing assembly (36) are electrically connected to the electrical control module (8). The electrical control module (8) includes an industrial computer, a main control circuit board, a circuit breaker, an EMC filter, and wiring terminals.

5. The precision spiral tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The laser control mechanism (4) includes a collimating lens (41), a beam expander (42), a reflector (43), a mirror group adjustment seat (44), a guide rail (45), a fastener (46), and a positioning hole (47). The beam expander (42) is located on one side of the output end of the laser (2). The beam expanded by the beam expander (42) then enters the collimating lens (41). The output optical path of the beam expander (42) is directly aligned with and connected to the input end of the collimating lens (41). A reflector (43) is provided on one side of the collimating lens (41). A mirror group adjustment seat (44) is connected directly below the reflector (43). A guide rail (45) is connected to the bottom end of the mirror group adjustment seat (44). A fastener (46) is connected to one side of the guide rail (45). A positioning hole (47) is provided through the top of the mirror group adjustment seat (44).

6. The precision spiral tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the lens assembly adjustment seat (44) is provided with a positioning hole (47) that is connected to the internal slider of the guide rail (45). The bottom of the lens assembly adjustment seat (44) is connected to the slider by a bearing.

7. The precision spiral tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement mechanism (7) includes a material tray (71), a guide rail (72), a longitudinal base (73), a corrugated fabric cover (74), an armature block (75), and a side baffle (76). The material tray (71) is located directly above the longitudinal base (73). The bottom end of the longitudinal base (73) is connected to a processing platform (1). The bottom end of the material tray (71) is symmetrically provided with side baffles (76). The bottom end of the material tray (71) is connected to an armature block (75). The guide rail (72) is located directly below the armature block (75). The guide rail (72) is symmetrically located inside the longitudinal base (73). The top end of the longitudinal base (73) is symmetrically provided with corrugated fabric covers (74).

8. The precision spiral tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom end of the material pallet (71) is slidably connected to the outer side of the guide rail three (72) via the armature block (75), and the guide rail three (72) is arranged parallel to the longitudinal base (73).

9. A precision spiral tube ultrafast femtosecond laser processing system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The longitudinal base (73) is connected to one side of the material tray (71) via a corrugated fabric cover (74) provided on one side, and the unfolded size of a set of the corrugated fabric cover (74) is half the size of the longitudinal base (73).

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