A marine hydrogen power generation device and its safety monitoring method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of marine propulsion technology and discloses a marine hydrogen power generation device and its safety monitoring method. The marine hydrogen power generation device includes: a modular hull and a safety monitoring module; the safety monitoring module includes at least one gas detection unit and a gas pretreatment unit disposed at the sampling front end of the gas detection unit; the gas pretreatment unit includes: a primary purification component, a secondary purification component, a dust collection and filtering component, a vibration sensing component, a differential pressure sensing component, and a control terminal; the primary purification component includes multiple first flexible permeable bladders encapsulating alumina adsorbent. This invention, by encapsulating the adsorbent in flexible bladders, suppresses the pulverization of the adsorbent caused by continuous ship vibration; by adding a dedicated dust collection and filtering component and differential pressure monitoring, a dual barrier of interception and sensing of dust migration is constructed, thereby solving the hidden safety hazards of gas detectors caused by dust pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine propulsion technology, and more specifically, to a marine hydrogen power generation device and its safety monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly prominent environmental issues and ever-stricter emission standards, the application of various green new energy sources in the shipbuilding sector is gradually increasing. Hydrogen power generation devices, as zero-carbon emission energy conversion equipment, primarily use hydrogen as fuel. Through an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, electricity is output via a proton exchange membrane. The hydrogen-oxygen reaction produces water, resulting in a pollution-free process with high power generation efficiency. Whether for energy conservation, emission reduction, or ecological protection, hydrogen fuel cells have enormous potential for application in ships.

[0003] In existing technologies, traditional hydrogen power generation devices typically include a hydrogen storage system, a fuel cell system, a lithium battery transition system, a safety monitoring system, and a central control system, all located inside or on the deck of the ship. The safety monitoring system is primarily used for real-time monitoring of hydrogen leaks around the ship to ensure the safety of its operation.

[0004] In safety monitoring systems, pretreatment devices are typically installed at the front end of detectors to eliminate interfering gases. These devices are generally filled with adsorbent materials such as alumina and activated carbon, maintaining relatively stable performance under normal operating conditions. However, when ships operate under harsh conditions such as prolonged multi-directional high-frequency vibrations, the adsorbent particles can easily generate fine dust due to continuous friction and collision. This dust enters the detector sensor with the sampling airflow, contaminating the sensor, reducing its sensitivity, and thus affecting monitoring accuracy. Excessive deviation in monitoring results can potentially lead to safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a marine hydrogen power generation device and its safety monitoring method to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a marine hydrogen power generation device, comprising: a modular cabin and an energy supply module, an energy conversion module, a safety monitoring module, a central control module and an energy storage module disposed within the modular cabin;

[0008] The safety monitoring module includes at least one gas detection unit and a gas preprocessing unit disposed at the sampling front end of the gas detection unit;

[0009] The gas pretreatment unit includes:

[0010] The primary purification component includes multiple first flexible breathable bladders encapsulated with alumina adsorbent for adsorbing moisture and oil mist in the gas.

[0011] The secondary purification component includes multiple second flexible breathable bladders encapsulated with activated carbon adsorbent, which are connected in series downstream of the primary purification component to adsorb hydrogen in the gas.

[0012] A dust collection filter element is connected in series downstream of the secondary purification element to intercept dust generated by the wear of adsorbent particles.

[0013] A vibration sensor is used to monitor the vibration state of the entire gas pretreatment unit.

[0014] A differential pressure sensing element is used to measure the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the dust collection filter element, as well as the total pressure difference between the total air inlet and outlet of the gas pretreatment unit.

[0015] The control terminal is communicatively connected to the vibration sensing element and the differential pressure sensing element, and is configured to: assess the integrity of the adsorbent capsule and the dust load status based on the monitoring data of the vibration sensing element and the differential pressure sensing element.

[0016] Preferably, the control terminal is further configured to generate an early warning signal indicating potential damage to the adsorbent capsule when the vibration sensing element detects a continuous high vibration state and the differential pressure sensing element measures an abnormally rapid increase in the differential pressure of the dust collection filter element.

[0017] Preferably, the control terminal is further configured to: when the vibration intensity detected by the vibration sensor exceeds a first preset threshold, output a control command to reduce the pumping flow rate of the gas pretreatment unit.

[0018] Preferably, the gas pretreatment unit further includes an outer shell and an inner shell disposed on the outer shell, a plurality of first flexible breathable bladders are stacked in an orderly manner between the outer shell and the inner shell, and a plurality of second flexible breathable bladders are stacked in an orderly manner inside the inner shell.

[0019] Preferably, both the first flexible breathable bladder and the second flexible breathable bladder are made of chemically resistant nonwoven fabric.

[0020] Preferably, the differential pressure sensing element includes a first differential pressure sensor disposed on the inlet and outlet pipes of the dust collection filter element, and a second differential pressure sensor disposed on the main inlet and main outlet pipes of the gas pretreatment unit.

[0021] Preferably, the dust collection filter element is a sintered metal microporous filter element, which is located downstream of the secondary purification element and before the outlet of the gas pretreatment unit.

[0022] Preferably, the modular cabin is internally divided into an independent gas source storage cabin, a fuel cell cabin, and an energy storage cabin 13, and the gas pretreatment unit and the gas detection unit are deployed in at least the gas source storage cabin and / or the fuel cell cabin.

[0023] A safety monitoring method for a marine hydrogen power generation device includes the following steps:

[0024] S100: Real-time monitoring of the vibration intensity of the gas pretreatment unit via vibration sensing elements;

[0025] S200: The differential pressure across the dust collection filter in the gas pretreatment unit and the total differential pressure of the unit are collected in real time through the differential pressure sensing device;

[0026] S300: Based on vibration intensity and pressure difference data, assess the potential risk of adsorbent capsule breakage due to vibration and the dust load status;

[0027] S400: Based on the assessment results, execute the corresponding warning or control actions.

[0028] Preferably, in step S300, when it is determined that the dust collection filter is in a state of continuous high vibration and the pressure difference of the dust collection filter element increases abnormally and rapidly, it is assessed that there is a potential risk of damage to the adsorbent capsule.

[0029] In step S400, the corresponding action is to issue a warning message that the gas pretreatment unit needs to be checked or replaced.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] This invention suppresses adsorbent pulverization caused by continuous ship vibration by encapsulating the adsorbent in a flexible capsule; it constructs a dual barrier of interception and sensing of dust migration by adding a dedicated dust collection filter and differential pressure monitoring; and it further utilizes intelligent correlation diagnosis of vibration and differential pressure data to achieve early warning and predictive maintenance of the health status of the adsorbent capsule, thereby solving the safety hazard of hidden failure of gas detectors due to dust pollution.

[0032] Meanwhile, this invention combines modular cabins with ship-adaptive structures, improving the ease of installation, maintenance efficiency, and long-term operational reliability of the entire power generation unit in harsh marine environments. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a top view of a marine hydrogen power generation device according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a side view of a marine hydrogen power generation device according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the safety monitoring module in a marine hydrogen power generation device according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a block diagram showing the relationship between the functional modules in a marine hydrogen power generation device according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the safety monitoring method for a marine hydrogen power generation device according to the present invention.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Modular cabin; 11. Gas source storage cabin; 12. Fuel cell cabin; 13. Energy storage cabin; 14. Control cabin; 2. Energy supply module; 3. Energy conversion module; 4. Safety monitoring module; 41. Gas detection unit; 42. Gas pretreatment unit; 421. Outer shell; 422. Inner shell; 423. First flexible breathable bladder; 424. Second flexible breathable bladder; 425. First differential pressure sensor; 426. Second differential pressure sensor; 427. Metal sintered microporous filter element; 428. Vibration sensor; 5. Central control module; 6. Energy storage module. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in other examples.

[0040] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 5A marine hydrogen power generation device includes: a modular hull 1, an energy supply module 2, an energy conversion module 3, a safety monitoring module 4, a central control module 5, and an energy storage module 6. The modular hull 1 has external dimensions similar to a standard shipping container but with functional modifications. Multiple lifting points are located on the top of the modular hull 1, and an array of mounting brackets and grounding interfaces are located on the bottom to facilitate lifting, mechanical fixing, and electrical safety grounding on the ship. Inside the modular hull 1, fireproof partitions sequentially separate independent gas source storage compartment 11, fuel cell compartment 12, energy storage compartment 13, and control compartment 14. The energy supply module 2 is located in the gas source storage compartment 11, which includes a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder and a hydrogen supply system; the energy conversion module 3 is located in the fuel cell compartment 12, which includes a fuel cell stack and its auxiliary systems; the energy storage module 6 is located in the energy storage compartment 13, which mainly includes a lithium battery pack; and the central control module 5 is located in the control compartment 14, which is communicatively connected to the energy supply module 2, energy conversion module 3, safety monitoring module 4, and energy storage module 6.

[0041] The safety monitoring module 4 is mainly used for real-time monitoring of combustible gases in risk areas such as the gas source storage compartment 11 and the fuel cell compartment 12. The module includes a gas detection unit 41 and a gas pretreatment unit 42. The gas detection unit 41 generally uses an existing combustible gas detector, which is fixedly installed on the corresponding position on the bulkhead or deck by a bracket.

[0042] The gas pretreatment unit 42 is located at the front end of the gas inlet of the gas detection unit 41. It is mainly used to filter the gas before it enters the gas detection unit 41 to remove impurities and avoid affecting the detection accuracy. The gas pretreatment unit 42 includes an outer shell 421, an inner shell 422, a dust collection filter, a vibration sensing element, a differential pressure sensing element, and a control terminal.

[0043] Both the outer shell 421 and the inner shell 422 are made of stainless steel rectangular structure, and the center of the inner shell 422 coincides with that of the outer shell 421. Both have removable covers on their backs for easy replacement of the internal bladders. Within the annular space between the outer shell 421 and the inner shell 422, multiple first flexible breathable bladders 423 made of chemically resistant non-woven fabric are stacked in an orderly fashion. Each bladder contains granular alumina adsorbent, forming a primary purification component. Similarly, within the inner shell 422, multiple second flexible breathable bladders 424 made of the same material are also stacked in an orderly fashion. The device encapsulates columnar activated carbon adsorbent, forming a secondary purification unit. Compared to existing methods of storing adsorbents in bulk, this specially designed primary and secondary purification units effectively prevent dust generated by adsorbent particles rubbing and colliding under vibration, reducing dust contamination of the gas detection unit 41 sensor and ensuring monitoring accuracy. Simultaneously, the flexible, breathable bladder design increases the contact area between the adsorbent and gas, improving adsorption efficiency and enhancing gas pretreatment. Furthermore, this modular design facilitates adsorbent replacement and maintenance, reducing the device's operation and maintenance costs.

[0044] The differential pressure sensing element includes a first differential pressure sensor 425 and a second differential pressure sensor 426. The first differential pressure sensor 425 is installed on the inlet and outlet pipes of the dust collection filter element and is used to measure the differential pressure ΔP1 across the filter element. The second differential pressure sensor 426 is installed on the main inlet and outlet pipes of the gas pretreatment unit 42 and is used to measure the total differential pressure ΔP2 of the entire pretreatment unit.

[0045] The vibration sensing element uses an existing vibration sensor 428, which is fixedly installed on the outer shell 421. It is mainly used to sense the vibration status of the entire gas pretreatment unit 42 in real time and send the sensed data to the control terminal in real time.

[0046] The dust collection filter element is a metal sintered microporous filter element 427, which is connected in series downstream of the secondary purification element, i.e. at the air inlet of the gas detection unit 41. It is mainly used to intercept the dust generated by the wear of adsorbent particles and play a secondary protection role.

[0047] The control terminal is communicatively connected to the central control module 5, the differential pressure sensor, and the vibration sensor, and typically uses an industrial PLC processor. One of the core innovations of this invention lies in the intelligent diagnostic algorithm running within the control terminal. This algorithm is not a simple threshold comparison, but a software model based on multi-sensor data fusion with state recognition and prediction capabilities. Its continuous operation constitutes the intelligent core of the safety monitoring method. The specific workflow and logic are as follows:

[0048] 1. Data Acquisition and Preprocessing Stage:

[0049] The algorithm continuously receives real-time data streams from the hardware, as follows:

[0050] Vibration data: acquired from vibration sensors, typically including triaxial acceleration, vibration frequency and amplitude. The algorithm calculates the root mean square value as a comprehensive vibration intensity index and identifies periods of sustained high vibration (such as intensity exceeding threshold A and duration exceeding T1).

[0051] Differential pressure data: The dust differential pressure (ΔP1) from the first differential pressure sensor 425 directly reflects the degree of clogging of the dust collection filter; the total differential pressure (ΔP2) from the second differential pressure sensor 426 reflects the overall flow resistance of the gas pretreatment unit 42, and its change is affected by both adsorbent saturation and dust filter clogging.

[0052] Environmental data (optional but recommended): Obtain ambient temperature and humidity data from other sensors inside the chamber to calibrate the adsorption performance model of the adsorbent.

[0053] Time data: Records the cumulative operating time of each sensor.

[0054] The algorithm then first filters (e.g., removes electrical noise), calibrates, and standardizes the raw data to form a feature dataset for analysis.

[0055] 2. Association Analysis Model and State Assessment Logic:

[0056] The core of the algorithm is a vibration, pressure difference, and time correlation analysis model. This model diagnoses the health status of the adsorbent capsules by analyzing the correlation between different data dimensions. Its evaluation logic is as follows:

[0057] Baseline learning period: After the device is initially put into operation or a new pretreatment unit is replaced, the algorithm enters a short baseline learning period. During this period, the system records the initial baseline values ​​of ΔP1 and ΔP2 under typical vibration conditions and their normal growth rate over time (mainly due to normal saturation of the adsorbent and slow accumulation of dust).

[0058] Status diagnosis and early warning triggering:

[0059] Normal wear condition: When the vibration is within the normal range, ΔP1 and ΔP2 increase slowly and steadily over time, and their growth trends are consistent with the expected model; the algorithm judges this as normal adsorbent saturation and routine dust accumulation, records it only, and does not trigger an alarm.

[0060] Vibration-induced wear warning (core judgment): The algorithm continuously monitors the relationship between vibration status and changes in ΔP1; when it detects that the system is in a state of continuous high vibration, it initiates close monitoring of ΔP1; if, during this high vibration period, the growth rate of ΔP1 significantly exceeds the rate predicted based on the historical baseline model (for example, the actual growth rate is more than twice the predicted value), the algorithm determines that this abnormally rapid growth is not caused by normal dust accumulation, but is very likely due to the physical damage of the adsorbent capsule (especially the brittle alumina capsule) caused by high vibration, thereby releasing a large amount of additional dust, which quickly clogs the downstream dust collection filter; at this time, the control end immediately generates a potential damage warning signal for the adsorbent capsule, which is the key to predictive maintenance.

[0061] Filter clogging alarm: Regardless of the vibration status, if ΔP1 reaches the preset absolute upper limit threshold (indicating that the filter is severely clogged and needs to be replaced), a regular filter clogging alarm will be triggered.

[0062] Adsorbent saturation warning: If ΔP2 continues to rise while ΔP1 remains stable, and the vibration state is normal, the algorithm can infer that the adsorbent is approaching saturation and can prompt a planned replacement.

[0063] 3. Adaptive control strategy:

[0064] The diagnostic algorithm is not only used for evaluation, but also directly drives the adaptive actions of the actuator, forming a closed-loop control:

[0065] Vibration intensity monitoring: The algorithm analyzes the data from the vibration sensing device in real time.

[0066] Flow rate regulation decision: When the algorithm determines that the current vibration intensity exceeds a first preset threshold (this threshold corresponds to severe sea conditions that may cause significant stress to the capsule structure; for example, the first preset threshold could be a vibration acceleration ≥5g and a duration ≥10 minutes), in order to actively reduce the friction between adsorbent particles and the fluid shear force borne by the capsule during periods of high mechanical stress, the algorithm will automatically generate a control command. This command will be sent to the drive controller of the sampling pump, causing it to reduce the pumping flow rate from the rated value to a preset safe maintenance flow rate (e.g., 60-70% of the rated flow rate). This reduced flow rate is still sufficient to maintain the monitoring function, but significantly reduces the system load.

[0067] State recovery: When the algorithm detects that the vibration intensity has fallen below the threshold and stabilized for a period of time, it will automatically instruct the sampling pump to restore the rated flow rate to ensure monitoring sensitivity.

[0068] This invention achieves the following through the aforementioned continuously running diagnostic algorithm:

[0069] Fault mode identification: It can distinguish between different fault modes such as normal saturation, filter blockage, and bladder rupture caused by vibration, and provide accurate maintenance guidance.

[0070] Early warning: Warnings can be issued before the capsule is physically damaged but has not yet completely failed and caused detector contamination, enabling true predictive maintenance and avoiding safety hazards.

[0071] Environmental Adaptation: The system automatically adjusts its operating parameters (sampling flow rate) based on the real-time ship vibration environment, improving the system's accuracy and lifespan under harsh conditions.

[0072] The specific working process of the marine hydrogen power generation device designed in this invention is as follows:

[0073] When the power generation is in normal use, the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder in the energy supply module 2 begins to release hydrogen, which is then transported to the fuel cell stack in the energy conversion module 3 through the hydrogen supply system. Inside the fuel cell stack, hydrogen and oxygen undergo an electrochemical reaction to generate electricity, which is then output to the energy storage lithium battery pack for storage or directly supplied to the ship.

[0074] At the same time, the safety monitoring module 4 starts working, and the gas detection unit 41 performs real-time combustible gas monitoring on risk areas such as the gas source storage chamber 11 and the fuel cell chamber 12 to ensure that there are no safety hazards such as hydrogen leakage, while the gas pretreatment unit 42 filters the gas before it enters the gas detection unit 41.

[0075] Specifically, after the gas to be tested enters the gas pretreatment unit 42 through the main air inlet, it first flows through the primary purification component. The first flexible breathable bladder 423 in the primary purification component is encapsulated with alumina adsorbent, which can effectively adsorb moisture and oil mist in the gas, ensuring the gas is dry and clean. Next, the gas flows through the secondary purification component. The second flexible breathable bladder 424 in the secondary purification component is encapsulated with activated carbon adsorbent, which can further adsorb hydrogen and other possible impurity gases in the gas, improving the purity of the gas.

[0076] During the process of gas flowing through the primary and secondary purification components, the vibration sensing component senses the vibration status of the entire gas pretreatment unit 42 in real time. If the ship is in severe working conditions such as multi-directional high-frequency vibration, the vibration sensing component can promptly send the vibration data (vibration intensity and frequency) to the control terminal. At the same time, the dust collection filter intercepts dust in the gas to prevent dust generated by the wear of adsorbent particles from entering the gas detection unit 41. The first differential pressure sensor 425 and the second differential pressure sensor 426 on the dust collection filter measure the pressure difference ΔP1 at both ends of the filter and the total pressure difference ΔP2 of the entire pretreatment unit, respectively, and send the data to the control terminal.

[0077] The control unit assesses the integrity of the adsorbent capsules and the dust load status based on the received vibration and differential pressure data. The control unit continuously runs a diagnostic algorithm. Under normal vibration, a slow increase in ΔP1 mainly reflects normal clogging of the dust filter. When the algorithm detects that the vibration sensor data indicates a continuous high vibration state (e.g., both vibration intensity and duration exceed the threshold), and simultaneously detects an abnormally rapid increase in ΔP1 (e.g., the differential pressure increment per unit time is far greater than 200% of the predicted value of the normal adsorption saturation model), the control unit assesses that there is a potential risk of adsorbent capsule breakage. This is because high vibration exacerbates wear, and a broken capsule will release more dust, leading to rapid clogging of the downstream filter.

[0078] Once a potential risk of damage is assessed, the control unit immediately generates an early warning signal. This signal can manifest as follows: an alarm on the human-machine interface of the control cabin 14 indicating suspected damage to the adsorbent capsule of the gas pretreatment unit 42, requesting a check and replacement, and an event log can be recorded. In addition, if the vibration intensity exceeds a higher first preset threshold (such as in extremely severe sea conditions), the control unit can automatically output a command to reduce the sampling pump flow rate to a safe maintenance value to reduce the impact of high-speed airflow on the capsule. The early warning information will guide the crew to perform maintenance at an appropriate time.

[0079] The hydrogen concentration signal detected by the gas detection unit 41, together with the warning signal from this preprocessing unit, is sent to the central control module 5. The central control module 5 can then execute higher-level safety linkages based on this signal. For example, when the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard, it can automatically close the fireproof damper of the corresponding compartment, start emergency ventilation, or trigger the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system. The health status warning of the gas preprocessing unit 42 provides the entire safety system with advance, preventative status information, avoiding linkage failures caused by sensor contamination.

[0080] This invention, through the aforementioned hardware and software collaborative design, can ensure the safety and stability of power generation during ship operation, while improving the accuracy and reliability of safety monitoring. It provides strong support for the green and environmentally friendly operation of ships and resolves the reliability problem of gas monitoring systems in vibration environments for ship hydrogen power generation devices. In addition, this invention integrates the hydrogen power generation device into the modified container, separate from the hull, and incorporates a modular and highly safe overall design. This not only reduces the difficulty of ship modification but also does not affect the structural layout of the hull, thus possessing certain practical value and market prospects.

[0081] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention, all of which are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine hydrogen power generation device, characterized in that, include: Modular cabin and energy supply module, energy conversion module, safety monitoring module, central control module and energy storage module installed in the modular cabin; The safety monitoring module includes at least one gas detection unit and a gas preprocessing unit disposed at the sampling front end of the gas detection unit; The gas pretreatment unit includes: The primary purification component includes multiple first flexible breathable bladders encapsulated with alumina adsorbent for adsorbing moisture and oil mist in the gas. The secondary purification component includes multiple second flexible breathable bladders encapsulated with activated carbon adsorbent, which are connected in series downstream of the primary purification component to adsorb hydrogen in the gas. A dust collection filter element is connected in series downstream of the secondary purification element to intercept dust generated by the wear of adsorbent particles. A vibration sensor is used to monitor the vibration state of the entire gas pretreatment unit. A differential pressure sensing element is used to measure the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the dust collection filter element, and the total pressure difference between the main air inlet and the main air outlet of the gas pretreatment unit. The differential pressure sensing element includes a first differential pressure sensor installed on the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the dust collection filter element, and a second differential pressure sensor installed on the main air inlet pipe and the main air outlet pipe of the gas pretreatment unit. The control terminal is communicatively connected to the vibration sensing element and the differential pressure sensing element, and is configured to: evaluate the integrity of the first flexible breathable bladder and the second flexible breathable bladder and the dust load status of the dust collection filter element based on the monitoring data of the vibration sensing element and the differential pressure sensing element. The gas pretreatment unit further includes an outer shell and an inner shell disposed on the outer shell. A plurality of first flexible breathable bladders are stacked in an orderly manner between the outer shell and the inner shell, and a plurality of second flexible breathable bladders are stacked in an orderly manner inside the inner shell. Both the first and second flexible breathable bladders are made of chemically resistant non-woven fabric; each first flexible breathable bladder contains granular alumina adsorbent; and each second flexible breathable bladder contains columnar activated carbon adsorbent.

2. The marine hydrogen power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control terminal is further configured to generate an early warning signal indicating potential damage to the adsorbent capsule when the vibration sensing element detects a continuous high vibration state and the differential pressure sensing element measures an abnormally rapid increase in the differential pressure of the dust collection filter element.

3. A marine hydrogen power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control terminal is also configured to output a control command to reduce the pumping flow rate of the gas pretreatment unit when the vibration intensity detected by the vibration sensor exceeds a first preset threshold.

4. A marine hydrogen power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collection filter element is a sintered metal microporous filter element, which is located downstream of the secondary purification element and before the outlet of the gas pretreatment unit.

5. A marine hydrogen power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modular cabin is divided into an independent gas source storage cabin, a fuel cell cabin, and an energy storage cabin. The gas pretreatment unit and the gas detection unit are deployed in at least the gas source storage cabin and / or the fuel cell cabin.

6. A safety monitoring method for a marine hydrogen power generation device, using a marine hydrogen power generation device as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100: Real-time monitoring of the vibration intensity of the gas pretreatment unit via vibration sensing elements; S200: The differential pressure across the dust collection filter in the gas pretreatment unit and the total differential pressure of the unit are collected in real time through the differential pressure sensing device; S300: Based on vibration intensity and pressure difference data, assess the potential risk of adsorbent capsule breakage due to vibration and the dust load status; S400: Based on the assessment results, execute the corresponding warning or control actions.

7. The safety monitoring method for a marine hydrogen power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S300, when it is determined that the dust collection filter is in a state of continuous high vibration and the pressure difference of the dust collection filter element increases abnormally and rapidly, it is assessed that there is a potential risk of damage to the adsorbent capsule. In step S400, the corresponding action is to issue a warning message that the gas pretreatment unit needs to be checked or replaced.

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