Shaft neck blade boss verticality detection device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a journal blade boss verticality detection device and method, and belongs to the technical field of aero-engine blade manufacturing. The device comprises a bottom plate, and a sliding seat and a support which are arranged on the bottom plate, the support is provided with a positioning shaft sleeve for positioning a blade shaft neck and a quick clamping mechanism; a gauge stand is slidably installed on the sliding seat, and the gauge stand is hinged to a lever and provided with a dial indicator. A detection contact at one end of the lever is used for contacting a blade boss, and a transmission contact at the other end is used for contacting a dial indicator measuring head. During detection, after the blade journal is positioned and clamped, the gauge stand is slid to enable the lever detection contact to sweep over the surface of the boss, the height change of the boss is amplified and transmitted to the dial indicator through the lever mechanism, and the maximum jerk value of the gauge hand is the perpendicularity error. Complex space geometric measurement is converted into visual linear reading, operation is easy and fast, efficiency is high, cost is low, and the problems that three-coordinate detection is low in efficiency and manual interpretation is not accurate are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aero-engine blade manufacturing technology, specifically to a device and method for detecting the perpendicularity of the boss on a journal-type blade. Background Technology

[0002] For aero-engines, blades are the key carriers of energy conversion. Their operating environment is extreme and harsh, facing challenges such as high temperature, high pressure, high speed, and complex aerodynamic loads, thermal stress, and vibration. The machining quality of the blades plays a crucial role in the engine's performance and reliability, especially the blade assembly parts, which not only ensure the cooperation between components and the transfer of loads but also withstand high loads, requiring extremely high dimensional accuracy. Among these, journal-type blades (such as...) Figure 1 The boss of the journal blade serves as a reference surface and is in close contact with the inner ring of the casing during assembly. Therefore, the perpendicularity requirement between the plane of the journal blade boss and the center line of the journal is high.

[0003] However, the inspection of the perpendicularity of journal-type blade bosses remains a significant challenge in aero-engine manufacturing. Current inspection methods primarily utilize coordinate measuring machines (CMMs), which, while highly accurate, suffer from cumbersome procedures, complex programming, long inspection cycles, and low efficiency, failing to meet the rapid and convenient inspection needs of mass production sites. To address similar precision measurement challenges, existing technologies have explored simplifying measurements through geometric transformations. For instance, by measuring the axial displacement of the actuator ring end face and converting it into a blade rotation angle using a functional relationship, the complex angle measurement is transformed into an easily implemented displacement measurement, improving operability and work efficiency.

[0004] However, for the rapid, intuitive, and quantitative detection of the perpendicularity between the blade boss and the journal centerline, a dedicated device and method similar to the above-mentioned approach are still lacking. Therefore, a novel detection scheme is urgently needed to achieve efficient, accurate, and on-site detection of this perpendicularity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for detecting the perpendicularity of the blade boss in journal-type blades, so as to achieve quantifiable detection and improve detection efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention: A device for detecting the perpendicularity of the boss on a journal-type blade, comprising a base plate, a slide and a support disposed on the base plate, and a measuring component and a clamping and positioning component respectively disposed on the slide and the support. The clamping and positioning assembly includes a positioning bushing mounted on a support, the positioning bushing having a precision inner hole for positioning the blade journal; the measuring assembly includes a dial indicator mounted on a slide block that can slide in a straight line, a measuring instrument mounted on the dial indicator, and a lever; The lever is hinged to the base at the middle, with one end forming a detection contact for contacting the surface of the blade boss and the other end forming a transmission contact for contacting the probe of the detection instrument. The centerline of the inner hole of the positioning bushing is set to be perpendicular to the sliding direction of the dial indicator on the slide.

[0007] Furthermore, the slide and the support are fixed to the upper surface of the base plate in parallel and at intervals, and both are positioned and fastened by cylindrical pins and internal hexagon screws.

[0008] Furthermore, the base is provided with a bracket for mounting the measuring instrument. The bracket has a vertical guide hole. The measuring instrument is a dial indicator, and its measuring rod passes through the guide hole and is guided and supported by the bushing. The bracket is also provided with radially arranged screws for locking the position of the measuring instrument.

[0009] Furthermore, the lever is hinged to a bearing seat on the base via a horizontal cylindrical pin, allowing the lever to rotate freely in a vertical plane.

[0010] Furthermore, both the detection contacts and the transmission contacts at both ends of the lever are tapered spherical structures.

[0011] Furthermore, the clamping and positioning assembly also includes a quick clamping mechanism, which includes a pressure pin housed in the lateral hole of the support, a spring sleeved on the pressure pin, and a knurled screw threaded to the tail end of the pressure pin. Tightening the knurled screws drives the pressure pin through the side wall hole of the support and positioning sleeve to radially press the blade journal.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper surface of the slide is provided with a linear guide rail or guide groove, and the dial indicator seat can slide freely through the slider or guide part that cooperates with it.

[0013] A method for detecting the perpendicularity of journal-type blade bosses, characterized by the following steps: Step 1: Clamping and positioning. Insert the journal of the blade to be tested into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve of the testing device for positioning. Step 2: Clamping. Operate the quick clamping mechanism to radially press and fix the blade journal into the positioning bushing. Step 3: Measurement preparation. Install the dial indicator on the base and adjust its position so that the lever's transmission contact contacts the dial indicator probe and is pre-pressed to the initial reading. At the same time, ensure that the lever's detection contact contacts the surface to be measured on the blade boss. Step 4: Detection and reading. Smoothly slide the dial indicator base along the guide direction of the slide block so that the detection contact of the lever sweeps across the entire surface to be measured of the blade boss. During this process, read and record the maximum and minimum values ​​indicated by the dial indicator pointer. Step 5: Result determination. Calculate the difference between the maximum and minimum values. This difference is the perpendicularity error of the blade boss surface to the journal centerline.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The detection device and method provided by this invention are simple to operate and provide intuitive results by positioning and clamping the blade journal and using a dial indicator for detection. Unlike using a coordinate measuring machine tool, which requires programming for detection, fixing the blade with a fixture and aligning it, and running the program, this invention greatly reduces measurement time and improves detection efficiency. 2. It has greater applicability. For the inspection of the perpendicularity of the boss of journal-type blades, the device can be used directly for inspection if the journal diameter is the same. If the journal diameter is different, it is only necessary to manufacture a positioning bushing with the corresponding inner diameter to replace it before inspection, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the inspection device.

[0015] 3. The detection device and method provided by the present invention can effectively solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the efficiency and stability of the detection of the perpendicularity of the journal blade boss, and ensure the stability and safety of blade processing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a journal-type blade; Figure 2 This is a front view of the journal blade boss perpendicularity detection device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the blade journal protrusion perpendicularity detection device of the present invention; Attached reference numerals: 1-base plate, 2-dial head, 3-slide block, 4-dial base, 5-lever, 6-support, 7-locating bushing, 8-pressure pin, 9-knurled screw, 10-cylindrical pin, 11-spring, 12-hex socket head cap screw, 13-screw, 14-bulb, 15-hex socket head cap screw, 16-cylindrical pin. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed that the scope of the subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. All modifications, substitutions and alterations made based on ordinary technical knowledge and common practices in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

[0019] This invention designs a device for detecting the perpendicularity of the boss on a journal-type blade. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Its main components are: The base plate 1, slide 3, and support 6 are fixed to the base plate by cylindrical pins 10 and hex socket screws 12; the dial indicator 2 needs to be mounted on the dial indicator and then connected to the base 4 by screws 13 and bushings 14; the lever 5 is connected to the base 4 by cylindrical pins 16, and the lever can rotate smoothly. The two ends of the lever are tapered spherical contact heads, which abut against the boss surfaces of the dial indicator 2 and the blade respectively during testing; the base 4 slides freely on the slide 3; the positioning bushing 7 is engaged with the hole in the support 6, and the inner hole of the bushing is used for... Position the blade journal and strictly control the perpendicularity of the inner hole centerline to the upper surface of the slide block 3 and the sliding surface of the gauge block 4. A measuring bar can be used to assist in the detection. The pressure pin 8, spring 11, and knurled screw 9 are installed on the corresponding holes, grooves, and threaded holes of the support 6. The pressure pin 8 slides freely in the hole. When the knurled screw 9 is tightened, it pushes the pressure pin 8 through the holes on the support 6 and the positioning bushing 7, and slides to press the blade journal. When the knurled screw 9 is loosened, it is retracted by the spring 11 to release the blade journal from the pressing state.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention also proposes a method for detecting the perpendicularity of the boss on a journal-type blade, which uses the above-mentioned detection device and includes the following steps: Step 1: Insert the journal on the side of the blade whose verticality of the boss needs to be measured into the inner hole of the positioning bushing, and make the contact head on the lever side of the gauge base abut against the surface of the blade boss. Step 2: Push the pressure pin and press it against the journal of the blade to be inspected by rotating the knurled screw; Step 3: Install the dial indicator on the base and press it down so that the contact head on the lever side of the base abuts against the surface of the blade boss. Step 4: Slide the dial indicator on the slide block, ensuring that the contact head on one side of the lever is always in contact with the surface of the blade boss. Observe the dial indicator; the pointer jump (the difference between the maximum and minimum values) is the test result of the blade boss's perpendicularity.

[0021] Example 1: A dedicated testing device for the perpendicularity of the boss on a journal-type blade is provided. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the device mainly includes a base plate 1, a measuring component, and a clamping and positioning component. The base plate 1 serves as the mounting foundation for the entire device. The measuring component and the clamping and positioning component are arranged side by side on the base plate 1.

[0022] The clamping and positioning assembly mainly includes a support 6, a positioning sleeve 7, and a quick-clamping mechanism. The support 6 is fixed to the base plate 1 by a cylindrical pin 10 and an internal hexagonal screw 12. The positioning sleeve 7 is installed in the vertical mounting hole of the support 6 using a precision shaft-hole fit; its inner hole is used to position the journal of the blade to be measured. To accommodate journals of different diameters, a positioning sleeve 7 with a corresponding inner diameter can be replaced. The quick-clamping mechanism consists of a pressure pin 8, a spring 11, and a knurled screw 9, and is installed in the lateral hole system of the support 6. Tightening the knurled screw 9 pushes the pressure pin 8 through the side wall holes of the support 6 and the positioning sleeve 7, thereby radially clamping the blade journal; after loosening the knurled screw 9, the spring 11 causes the pressure pin 8 to automatically retract, releasing the clamping force.

[0023] Measuring components: mainly include a slide 3, a dial indicator base 4, a lever 5, and a dial indicator. The slide 3 is parallel to the support 6 and is fixed to the base plate 1 by a cylindrical pin 10 and an internal hexagonal screw 12. The upper surface of the slide 3 is provided with a linear guide or precision guide groove. The dial indicator base 4 is mounted on the slide 3 via a matching slider, allowing it to slide freely and smoothly in the sliding direction. The lever 5 is hinged to the bearing seat of the dial indicator base 4 by a horizontal cylindrical pin 16, allowing it to rotate sensitively in a vertical plane. Both ends of the lever 5 are tapered ball contact heads; one end contacts the surface of the blade boss, and the other end contacts the probe of the dial indicator. The dial indicator is mounted on the dial indicator base 4 via an L-shaped bracket with a bushing 14. Its probe passes through the bushing 14 for guidance and is locked in place by a lateral screw 13.

[0024] To ensure accurate measurement, the device is manufactured and assembled with strict adherence to the principle that the centerline of the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 7 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the gauge base 4 on the slide block 3. This perpendicularity can be calibrated and verified using standard gauge bars and precision measuring tools.

[0025] This device transforms the abstract spatial geometric error of perpendicularity into an intuitive linear displacement reading. The blade journal is positioned and clamped in the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 7, thus establishing the theoretical centerline of the journal. Since the centerline is perpendicular to the surfaces of the gauge base 4 and the slide 3, an ideal plane parallel to the sliding direction is obtained and perpendicular to the centerline.

[0026] When the dial indicator base 4 slides, the detection contact of lever 5 slides across the surface of the blade boss. If the boss plane is an ideal plane, the detection contact does not change height during sliding, lever 5 does not rotate, and the dial indicator pointer remains stable. If there is a perpendicularity error in the boss plane, the detection contact will produce a slight vertical displacement during sliding. This slight displacement drives lever 5 to rotate around the hinge point, generating an amplified displacement at the transmission contact end according to the lever principle. The amplified displacement of the transmission contact pushes the dial indicator probe, causing the pointer to swing accordingly. During the sliding of the entire boss surface, the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the dial indicator pointer reflects the height difference between the highest and lowest points of the boss surface relative to the theoretical plane. This difference, after conversion by the device system, is the perpendicularity error of the boss plane to the journal centerline.

[0027] Example 2: A specific method for detecting verticality using the device described in Example 1 is provided.

[0028] Step 1: Clamping and positioning. Insert one end of the journal of the blade to be tested, which is the boss to be tested, into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 7 of the testing device along the axial direction, and adjust the circumferential position of the blade so that the testing contact of the lever 5 can naturally abut against the surface of the boss to be tested.

[0029] Step 2: Clamp and fix the blade. Tighten the knurled screw 9 clockwise to drive the pressure pin 8 forward until the blade journal is firmly radially pressed into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 7, ensuring that the blade does not loosen during the entire measurement process. Step 3: Measurement Preparation. Install the dial indicator onto the bracket of the base 4, ensuring its probe passes through the bushing 14. Manually adjust the dial indicator position so that the transmission contact of lever 5 lightly touches the dial indicator probe, and continue to compress it slightly to pre-press the dial indicator pointer. Adjust it to an easily readable scale as the measurement reference zero point. Simultaneously, ensure that the sensing contact of lever 5 maintains stable contact with the surface of the blade boss.

[0030] Step 4: Scanning and Reading. Smoothly and evenly push the dial indicator base 4 by hand, allowing it to slide along the guide direction of the slide block 3. During this process, ensure that the probe of lever 5 never leaves and sweeps across the entire surface to be measured on the boss. Follow the dial indicator pointer with your eye, carefully observing and recording the maximum and minimum readings indicated by the pointer throughout the entire sliding process. Step 5: Result determination, calculate the difference between the two readings: this difference is the measured value of the perpendicularity error of the blade boss surface to the journal centerline.

[0031] Compared to traditional coordinate measuring machine (CMM) methods, this inspection method requires significantly lower operator skills than CMM programming and operation. It eliminates the need for complex coordinate system setup and probe path planning. Single-piece inspection can be completed within minutes, saving the time and effort required for CMM program preparation, trial runs, and lengthy scanning waits, thus greatly improving the throughput of batch inspections. Readings are directly given as specific numerical values, avoiding the subjectivity of manual interpretation and ensuring the stability and reliability of the inspection.

[0032] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of the device and method for detecting the perpendicularity of the journal-type blade boss provided by the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the structure and working principle of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the perpendicularity of the boss on a journal-type blade, characterized in that: It includes a base plate (1), a slide (3) and a support (6) mounted on the base plate (1), and a measuring component and a clamping and positioning component respectively mounted on the slide (3) and the support (6). The clamping and positioning assembly includes a positioning bushing (7) mounted on the support (6), the positioning bushing (7) having a precision inner hole for positioning the blade journal; the measuring assembly includes a dial indicator (4) slidably mounted on the slide (3), a measuring instrument mounted on the dial indicator (4), and a lever (5). The lever (5) is hinged to the base (4) at the middle, one end of which forms a detection contact for contacting the surface of the blade boss, and the other end of which forms a transmission contact for contacting the probe of the detection instrument. The center line of the inner hole of the positioning bushing (7) is set to be perpendicular to the sliding direction (B) of the base (4) on the slide (3).

2. The device for detecting the perpendicularity of the journal-type blade boss according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide (3) and the support (6) are fixed to the upper surface of the base plate (1) in parallel and at intervals. Both are positioned and fastened by cylindrical pins (10) and internal hexagon screws (12).

3. The device for detecting the perpendicularity of the journal-type blade boss according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (4) is provided with a bracket for installing the measuring instrument. The bracket has a vertical guide hole. The measuring instrument is a dial indicator. Its measuring rod passes through the guide hole and is guided and supported by the bushing (14). The bracket is also provided with radially arranged screws (13) for locking the position of the measuring instrument.

4. The device for detecting the perpendicularity of the journal-type blade boss according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lever (5) is hinged to a bearing seat on the base (4) by a horizontal cylindrical pin (16), so that the lever (5) can rotate freely in the vertical plane.

5. The device for detecting the perpendicularity of the journal-type blade boss according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection contacts and transmission contacts at both ends of the lever (5) are both tapered spherical structures.

6. The device for detecting the perpendicularity of the journal-type blade boss according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and positioning assembly also includes a quick clamping mechanism, which includes a pressure pin (8) housed in the lateral hole of the support (6), a spring (11) sleeved on the pressure pin (8), and a knurled screw (9) threaded to the tail end of the pressure pin (8). Tightening the knurled screw (9) can drive the pressure pin (8) through the side wall hole of the support (6) and the positioning sleeve (7) to radially press the blade journal.

7. The device for detecting the perpendicularity of the journal-type blade boss according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the slide (3) is provided with a linear guide rail or guide groove, and the table base (4) can slide freely through the slider or guide part that cooperates with it.

8. A method for detecting verticality using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Clamping and positioning, insert the journal of the blade to be tested into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve (7) of the testing device for positioning; Step 2: Clamping. Operate the quick clamping mechanism to radially press and fix the blade journal into the positioning sleeve (7); Step 3: Measurement preparation. Install the dial indicator on the base (4) and adjust the position of the dial indicator so that the transmission contact of the lever (5) contacts the dial indicator probe and is pre-pressed to the initial reading. At the same time, ensure that the detection contact of the lever (5) contacts the surface to be measured of the blade boss. Step 4: Detection and reading. Smoothly slide the dial indicator base (4) along the guide direction of the slide (3) so that the detection contact of the lever (5) sweeps across the entire surface to be measured of the blade boss. During this process, read and record the maximum and minimum values ​​indicated by the dial indicator pointer. Step 5: Result determination. Calculate the difference between the maximum and minimum values. This difference is the perpendicularity error of the blade boss surface to the journal centerline.

Images