Dam safety monitoring deformation automation method, system, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a dam safety monitoring deformation automation method, system and device and a medium, and belongs to the technical field of dam deformation monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the field digital processing of deformation, and outputting a digital signal; receiving the digital signal, and analyzing and converting the digital signal to obtain deformation monitoring data; transmitting the deformation monitoring data to a monitoring management station through an optical fiber communication network; detecting the communication state of the optical fiber communication network; detecting the link state of the optical fiber communication network; and generating a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence, and judging a deformation trend according to the deformation monitoring data sequence. The optical fiber communication network of the ring network topology structure is adopted, the forward transmission path and the reverse transmission path are set, when the link fault is detected, the reverse transmission path is automatically switched, the reliability of the communication network is improved, and data transmission interruption caused by a single-point fault is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dam deformation monitoring technology, specifically to an automated method, system, equipment, and medium for dam safety monitoring deformation. Background Technology

[0002] Dam safety monitoring is a crucial means of ensuring the safe operation of water conservancy projects. Long-term monitoring of physical quantities such as dam deformation and seepage can promptly detect potential safety hazards. Traditional dam safety monitoring systems rely on manual or semi-automated observation methods, which suffer from low efficiency and poor real-time performance. With the development of sensor and automation technologies, dam safety monitoring is gradually moving towards automation. Existing automated dam safety monitoring systems typically use analog signal transmission, where the monitoring instruments output analog signals that are transmitted over long distances to the data acquisition device. Analog signals are susceptible to environmental interference during long-distance transmission, leading to decreased measurement accuracy. Furthermore, existing systems usually configure dedicated acquisition modules for single-type sensors. When the monitoring system includes multiple types of sensors, multiple different types of acquisition modules are required, resulting in poor system scalability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an automated method, system, equipment and medium for dam safety monitoring deformation.

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is that existing dam safety monitoring systems suffer from problems such as the susceptibility of long-distance analog signal transmission to interference, the need to configure multiple dedicated acquisition modules for various types of sensors, poor fault tolerance of link-based communication, and data loss due to communication interruption.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automated method for monitoring deformation during dam safety, comprising, The deformation at each monitoring point is collected by an intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument, the deformation is digitally processed on-site, and a digital signal is output. Receive digital signals, analyze and convert them to obtain deformation monitoring data; Deformation monitoring data is transmitted to the monitoring management station via an optical fiber communication network, which adopts a ring network topology. The system monitors the communication status of the fiber optic communication network. When communication is interrupted, it stores the deformation monitoring data in the local memory. When communication is restored, it reads the stored deformation monitoring data from the local memory and uploads it to the monitoring management station through the fiber optic communication network. It detects the link status of the fiber optic communication network and switches data transmission to the reverse transmission path when a link failure is detected. The deformation monitoring data transmitted in real time at the monitoring and management station is merged with the deformation monitoring data uploaded from the local storage in chronological order to generate a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence, and the deformation trend is determined based on the deformation monitoring data sequence.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the automated method for dam safety monitoring deformation according to the present invention, the step of performing on-site digital processing of deformation and outputting digital signals includes measuring the deformation at the monitoring point where the intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument is located and obtaining the measurement signal. At the monitoring point, the measurement signal is converted from analog to digital to obtain a digital value representing the amount of deformation; The digital value is encapsulated to generate a digital signal that conforms to a digital communication protocol; the digital signal is then transmitted to the data acquisition location.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the automated method for dam safety monitoring deformation according to the present invention, the step of parsing and converting digital signals to obtain deformation monitoring data includes identifying sensor identification information from digital signals; Determine the sensor type based on the sensor identification information; Extract the corresponding physical parameters from the digital signal based on the sensor type; Deformation monitoring data is obtained by calculating physical parameters.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the automated method for dam safety monitoring deformation according to the present invention, the step of transmitting deformation monitoring data to the monitoring management station through an optical fiber communication network includes connecting multiple monitoring stations to the monitoring management station through optical fibers to form a closed-loop network. In a closed-loop network, define the forward and reverse transmission paths for data transmission; The deformation monitoring data is transmitted to the monitoring management station via a forward transmission path.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the automated method for dam safety monitoring deformation according to the present invention, the communication status of the detection fiber optic communication network includes, when communication is interrupted, recording the acquisition time of deformation monitoring data and generating a timestamp; Deformation monitoring data and timestamps are encapsulated into data records; Determine the remaining storage capacity of the local memory, and overwrite the oldest stored data record when the remaining capacity is insufficient; Store the data records to local storage; When communication is restored, all data records are read from local storage; Sort data records by time series based on timestamps; Data records are uploaded to the monitoring and management station sequentially according to time sequence. After uploading is complete, clear the uploaded data records from the local storage.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the automated method for monitoring deformation of dam safety according to the present invention, the method for detecting the link status of the optical fiber communication network includes sending a link test frame to the first monitoring station in the optical fiber communication network through the monitoring management station. After receiving the link test frame, the first monitoring station forwards the link test frame to the second monitoring station through the forward transmission path. After receiving the link test frame, the second monitoring station continues to forward the link test frame through the forward transmission path until the link test frame is returned to the monitoring management station. If the monitoring and management station does not receive a returned link test frame within a preset time, it is determined that there is a link fault in the forward transmission path; The monitoring management station sends a path switching command to the last monitoring station. After receiving the path switching instruction, the last monitoring station forwards the instruction to the first monitoring station level by level through the reverse transmission path. After receiving the path switching command, each monitoring station switches the data transmission direction from forward to reverse.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this preferred technical solution are as follows: By sending link test frames from the monitoring and management station to the first monitoring station, and forwarding these test frames level by level in the closed-loop network until they return to the monitoring and management station, the integrity of the entire communication link is detected using the closed-loop characteristics of the ring network. When the monitoring and management station does not receive a returned link test frame within a preset time, it can accurately determine that a link fault exists in the forward transmission path. Compared with the traditional point-to-point detection method between adjacent nodes, the link detection method of this invention can complete the fault detection of the entire ring network in a single test, thus improving detection efficiency.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the automated deformation monitoring method for dam safety according to the present invention, the step of generating a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence and determining the deformation trend based on the deformation monitoring data sequence includes: Acquire the timestamps of deformation monitoring data transmitted in real time and the timestamps of deformation monitoring data uploaded from local storage; The deformation monitoring data transmitted in real time and the deformation monitoring data uploaded are sorted in a unified manner according to the timestamp; Check if there are duplicate timestamps in the sorted deformation monitoring data; if so, delete the duplicate data. The deduplicated deformation monitoring data are arranged in time stamp order to generate a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence; The deformation rate is obtained by calculating the difference in deformation between adjacent time points based on the deformation monitoring data sequence. The deformation trend is determined by the deformation rate. When the deformation rate is greater than zero, it is determined to be an increasing deformation trend. When the deformation rate is less than zero, it is determined to be a decreasing deformation trend. When the deformation rate is equal to zero, it is determined to be a stable deformation.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this preferred technical solution are as follows: By acquiring the timestamps of real-time transmitted data and uploaded data, and uniformly sorting them according to the timestamps, time alignment of data from different sources is achieved, solving the technical problem of data splicing after communication interruption recovery. By detecting and deleting data with duplicate timestamps, data redundancy caused by possible duplicate data transmission during communication recovery is avoided, ensuring the uniqueness of monitoring data. By calculating the difference in deformation between adjacent moments to obtain the deformation rate, and judging the deformation trend based on the positive or negative value of the deformation rate, quantitative analysis of the dam's deformation state is achieved.

[0014] This invention provides an automated system for monitoring deformation during dam safety.

[0015] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automated system for monitoring deformation of dam safety, comprising: a data acquisition module, used to acquire the deformation of each monitoring point through an intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument, perform on-site digital processing of the deformation, and output digital signals; The signal conversion module is used to receive digital signals, analyze and convert the digital signals, and obtain deformation monitoring data. The data transmission module is used to transmit deformation monitoring data to the monitoring management station via an optical fiber communication network, wherein the optical fiber communication network adopts a ring network topology; The communication analysis module is used to detect the communication status of the fiber optic communication network. When communication is interrupted, it stores the deformation monitoring data in the local memory. When communication is restored, it reads the stored deformation monitoring data from the local memory and uploads it to the monitoring management station through the fiber optic communication network. The link analysis module is used to detect the link status of the fiber optic communication network. When a link failure is detected, the data transmission is switched to the reverse transmission path. The deformation monitoring module is used to merge the deformation monitoring data transmitted in real time with the deformation monitoring data uploaded from the local storage in chronological order at the monitoring management station, generating a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence, and judging the deformation trend based on the deformation monitoring data sequence.

[0016] The present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the aforementioned automated method for monitoring deformation of dam safety.

[0017] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the aforementioned automated method for monitoring deformation of dam safety.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By using an intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument to digitize the deformation at the monitoring point, the digital signal exhibits strong anti-interference capabilities during long-distance transmission, thus improving the accuracy of the measurement data. Compared to the traditional method of transmitting analog signals over long distances before digitization, on-site digitization avoids the accuracy loss of analog signals during transmission.

[0019] By identifying sensor types and extracting corresponding physical parameters, mixed acquisition of multiple sensor types is achieved, reducing the number of acquisition modules, lowering system costs, and improving system scalability.

[0020] The optical fiber communication network adopts a ring network topology and sets forward and reverse transmission paths. When a link failure is detected, it automatically switches to the reverse transmission path, which improves the reliability of the communication network and avoids data transmission interruption caused by single point of failure.

[0021] By storing deformation monitoring data in local storage when communication is interrupted and uploading it in a time sequence when communication is restored, the continuity of monitoring data is ensured. Furthermore, by merging real-time transmitted data with uploaded data in chronological order to generate a continuous sequence of deformation monitoring data, the integrity of the monitoring information is guaranteed. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 The above is a flowchart of an automated method for monitoring deformation of dam safety, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1, referring to Figure 1This is one embodiment of the present invention, which provides an automated method for monitoring deformation during dam safety monitoring, comprising: Step 1: Collect the deformation at each monitoring point using an intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument, perform on-site digital processing on the deformation, and output digital signals; Step 2: Receive digital signals, analyze and convert the digital signals to obtain deformation monitoring data; Step 3: Transmit deformation monitoring data to the monitoring management station via an optical fiber communication network, wherein the optical fiber communication network adopts a ring network topology; Step 4: Detect the communication status of the fiber optic communication network. When communication is interrupted, store the deformation monitoring data in the local memory. When communication is restored, read the stored deformation monitoring data from the local memory and upload it to the monitoring management station through the fiber optic communication network. Step 5: Detect the link status of the fiber optic communication network. When a link failure is detected, switch the data transmission to the reverse transmission path. Step 6: At the monitoring and management station, the deformation monitoring data transmitted in real time is merged with the deformation monitoring data uploaded from the local storage in chronological order to generate a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence. The deformation trend is then determined based on the deformation monitoring data sequence.

[0026] Traditional dam monitoring systems employ analog signal transmission. The analog signals output by monitoring instruments are susceptible to electromagnetic interference and environmental factors during long-distance transmission, leading to signal attenuation and decreased measurement accuracy. Dedicated acquisition modules are required for different types of sensors. When the monitoring system includes multiple types of sensors, multiple acquisition devices are needed, increasing system cost and maintenance complexity. Existing communication networks often use a link-based topology. When a node in the link fails, data from all subsequent monitoring points cannot be transmitted, affecting the reliability of the monitoring system. During communication network outages, existing systems cannot save monitoring data, resulting in data loss and preventing the formation of continuous monitoring data. This invention avoids the accuracy loss associated with long-distance analog signal transmission by digitally processing deformation at the monitoring point. By identifying sensor types and adaptively processing them, mixed acquisition of multiple sensor types is achieved. The fault tolerance of the communication network is improved through a ring network topology and link switching mechanism. Offline storage and automatic upload mechanisms ensure the continuity of monitoring data.

[0027] The method provided by this invention achieves on-site digital acquisition of deformation data in step 1, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data. Step 2 identifies sensor types and extracts corresponding physical parameters, enabling unified processing of multiple sensor types and reducing system configuration complexity. Step 3 employs a ring network topology fiber optic communication network, providing a foundation for subsequent link fault tolerance. Step 4 detects communication status and automatically stores data during interruptions, then uploads it chronologically after communication is restored, ensuring that monitoring data is not lost in the event of communication anomalies. Step 5 detects link status and switches transmission paths during faults, avoiding data transmission interruptions caused by single-point failures. Step 6 merges data from different sources and generates continuous sequences, providing a complete data foundation for dam deformation trend analysis. These steps form a complete technical chain, creating a closed loop from data acquisition, transmission, storage to analysis, achieving automation and intelligence in dam safety monitoring. This method improves the stability and reliability of the monitoring system, ensures the continuity and accuracy of monitoring data, and provides a reliable technical means for dam safety assessment.

[0028] Example 2, an embodiment of the present invention, provides an automated method for monitoring deformation during dam safety, based on the previous embodiment, comprising: Step 1: The deformation at each monitoring point is collected using an intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument. The deformation is then digitally processed on-site, and the output digital signal includes the following steps A1-A3: A1: Measure the deformation at the monitoring point where the intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument is located to obtain the measurement signal; A2: Perform analog-to-digital conversion on the measurement signal at the monitoring point to obtain a digital value representing the amount of deformation; A3: Encapsulate the digital value to generate a digital signal that conforms to the digital communication protocol; transmit the digital signal to the data acquisition location.

[0029] In this embodiment, step A2 involves analog-to-digital conversion performed by: the intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument having a built-in analog-to-digital converter sampling the measurement signal at the monitoring point location and acquiring the instantaneous value of the measurement signal according to a preset sampling frequency. The sampled instantaneous value is compared with a preset quantization level to determine the corresponding quantization level. A binary code is generated based on the quantization level to obtain a digital value representing the deformation. The resolution of this digital value is determined by the number of quantization levels; the more quantization levels, the higher the resolution of the digital value. By performing analog-to-digital conversion at the monitoring point location, attenuation and interference of the measurement signal during long-distance transmission are avoided, ensuring conversion accuracy.

[0030] In an optional implementation, step A2, the analog-to-digital conversion can be performed by: the intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument filtering the measurement signal before conversion to remove high-frequency noise interference. A low-pass filter is used to filter the measurement signal, retaining the low-frequency components representing deformation while filtering out high-frequency components caused by environmental noise and electromagnetic interference. The filtered measurement signal is then converted to digital value. This method, by preprocessing the signal before conversion, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the converted digital value and reduces the impact of noise on measurement accuracy.

[0031] In another optional implementation, step A2 can also involve: the intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument simultaneously measuring the ambient temperature at the monitoring point location during the analog-to-digital conversion. A temperature correction coefficient is calculated based on the ambient temperature, and the digital value obtained from the analog-to-digital conversion is then corrected for temperature variations. The temperature correction coefficient is determined based on the temperature characteristic curve of the intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument, compensating for the influence of ambient temperature changes on the measurement signal. The digital value is then multiplied by the temperature correction coefficient to obtain the corrected digital value. This method, by applying temperature compensation to the digital value, eliminates the influence of ambient temperature changes on deformation measurement, improving measurement accuracy in environments with temperature variations.

[0032] Step 2: Receiving digital signals, analyzing and converting digital signals to obtain deformation monitoring data includes the following steps B1-B4: B1: Identify sensor identification information from digital signals; B2: Determine the sensor type based on the sensor identification information; B3: Extract the corresponding physical parameters from the digital signal based on the sensor type; B4: Obtain deformation monitoring data based on physical parameters.

[0033] Step 3: Transmit deformation monitoring data to the monitoring management station via an optical fiber communication network. The optical fiber communication network adopts a ring network topology and includes the following steps C1-C3: C1: Connecting multiple monitoring stations and the monitoring management station via optical fiber to form a closed-loop network; C2: Define the forward and reverse transmission paths for data transmission in a closed-loop network; C3: Transmit deformation monitoring data to the monitoring management station via the forward transmission path.

[0034] In this embodiment, in step C1, the closed-loop network is formed by: configuring fiber optic transceivers at the monitoring management station and each monitoring station; connecting the monitoring management station to the first monitoring station via optical fibers; connecting the first monitoring station to the second monitoring station; sequentially connecting all monitoring stations; and finally connecting the last monitoring station to the monitoring management station to form a closed-loop network. Each fiber optic connection includes a forward transmission fiber and a reverse transmission fiber, enabling bidirectional communication. The fiber optic transceivers convert digital signals into optical signals for transmission. Optical signals experience minimal attenuation and strong anti-interference capabilities during transmission through optical fibers. After the closed-loop network is formed, the monitoring management station can access each monitoring station sequentially via either the forward or reverse path, achieving redundant configuration of communication paths and improving network reliability.

[0035] In an optional implementation, in step C1, the connection to form a closed-loop network can be achieved by: determining the fiber optic connection sequence based on the physical location of each monitoring station on the dam, and connecting them sequentially from left to right or from top to bottom according to the physical distribution of the monitoring stations, thus minimizing the fiber optic laying path. During fiber optic laying, fiber optic protective tubes are used to protect the fibers and prevent mechanical damage. Fiber optic splice boxes are installed at the monitoring station nodes to connect the input and output fibers via fiber optic fusion splicing, ensuring continuous and low-loss optical signal transmission. The optical power loss of each fiber segment is measured to ensure that the loss of each fiber segment is within the allowable range.

[0036] In another optional implementation, in step C1, the connection to form a closed-loop network can also be achieved by: using single-mode optical fiber to connect each monitoring station with the monitoring management station. Single-mode optical fiber has the characteristics of long transmission distance and large bandwidth, making it suitable for scenarios where monitoring stations are distributed over long distances. Based on the distance between the monitoring management station and each monitoring station, an appropriate number of optical fibers is selected, with each monitoring station configured with at least two optical fibers, one for forward transmission and the other for reverse transmission. A certain length of fiber slack is reserved during fiber laying to facilitate subsequent maintenance and adjustment. Optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) is performed on the laid optical fibers to detect any breaks or excessively low-loss areas, ensuring that the fiber connection quality meets requirements.

[0037] Step 4: Detect the communication status of the fiber optic communication network. When communication is interrupted, store the deformation monitoring data in the local memory. When communication is restored, read the stored deformation monitoring data from the local memory and upload it to the monitoring management station via the fiber optic communication network. This includes the following steps D1-D8: D1: When communication is interrupted, record the time of data collection for deformation monitoring and generate a timestamp; D2: Encapsulate deformation monitoring data and timestamps into data records; D3: Determine the remaining storage capacity of the local memory. If the remaining capacity is insufficient, overwrite the oldest stored data record. D4: Store the data record to local memory; D5: When communication is restored, read all data records from local storage; D6: Sort data records by time series based on timestamps; D7: Upload data records to the monitoring and management station sequentially according to the time series; D8: After uploading is complete, clear the uploaded data records from the local storage.

[0038] Step 5: Detect the link status of the fiber optic communication network. When a link failure is detected, switch data transmission to the reverse transmission path, including the following steps E1-E7: E1: Sends a link test frame to the first monitoring station in the fiber optic communication network through the monitoring and management station; E2: After receiving the link test frame, the first monitoring station forwards the link test frame to the second monitoring station through the forward transmission path; E3: After receiving the link test frame, the second monitoring station continues to forward the link test frame through the forward transmission path until the link test frame is returned to the monitoring management station. E4: If the monitoring and management station does not receive a returned link test frame within a preset time, it is determined that there is a link fault in the forward transmission path; E5: Send a path switching command to the last monitoring station through the monitoring management station; E6: After receiving the path switching instruction, the last monitoring station forwards the path switching instruction to the first monitoring station through the reverse transmission path. E7: After receiving the path switching instruction, each monitoring station will switch the data transmission direction from forward to reverse.

[0039] In this embodiment, in step 5, the reverse transmission proceeds as follows: After receiving the path switching instruction, each monitoring station modifies its local data transmission configuration parameters, changing the target address for data transmission from the next monitoring station node in the forward direction to the previous monitoring station node in the reverse direction. The monitoring management station is both the starting point and the ending point of the reverse transmission path in the closed-loop network. After switching to reverse transmission, deformation monitoring data is transmitted step-by-step from each monitoring station through the reverse transmission path. The last monitoring station transmits the data to the previous station, and so on in reverse until the first monitoring station transmits the data to the monitoring management station. The reverse transmission path is physically independent of the forward transmission path, implemented through different fiber optic links, ensuring that the reverse path can still function normally in the event of a failure in the forward path.

[0040] In an optional implementation, in step 5, reverse transmission can be achieved by each monitoring station simultaneously maintaining routing information for both the forward and reverse transmission paths during normal operation, including the address of the next-hop node for the forward transmission and the address of the previous-hop node for the reverse transmission. When a path switching command is received, the monitoring station switches the currently active path from forward to reverse, stops sending data to the forward transmission path, and starts sending data to the reverse transmission path. In reverse transmission mode, the monitoring station periodically checks the recovery status of the forward transmission path, and automatically switches back to the forward transmission path when it detects that the forward path has returned to normal.

[0041] In another optional implementation, in step 5, reverse transmission can also be achieved by: before switching to the reverse transmission path, each monitoring station buffering any unsent data from the forward transmission path into its local storage. After the switch is complete, the buffered data is read from the local storage and sent to the monitoring management station via the reverse transmission path, ensuring no data loss during the switch. During reverse transmission, a transmission direction identifier is added to the transmitted data frames to indicate that the current data frame is being transmitted via the reverse transmission path, making it easier for the monitoring management station to distinguish the data source. After all stations have completed the path switch, the monitoring management station records the path switch event and the switch time, generating a system operation log.

[0042] Step 6: The deformation monitoring data transmitted in real time and the deformation monitoring data uploaded from the local storage are merged in chronological order at the monitoring management station to generate a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence. The deformation trend is determined based on the deformation monitoring data sequence, including the following steps F1-F6: F1: Get the timestamp of the deformation monitoring data transmitted in real time and the timestamp of the deformation monitoring data uploaded from the local storage; F2: Sort the real-time transmitted deformation monitoring data and the uploaded deformation monitoring data in a unified manner according to the timestamp; F3: Detect whether there are duplicate timestamps in the sorted deformation monitoring data; if so, delete the duplicate data. F4: Arrange the deduplicated deformation monitoring data in time stamp order to generate a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence; F5: Calculate the deformation difference between adjacent time points based on the deformation monitoring data sequence to obtain the deformation rate; F6: Determine the deformation trend based on the deformation rate. When the deformation rate is greater than zero, it is determined to be an increasing deformation trend. When the deformation rate is less than zero, it is determined to be a decreasing deformation trend. When the deformation rate is equal to zero, it is determined to be a stable deformation.

[0043] In this embodiment, step 6 generates a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence by: the monitoring management station reading historical deformation monitoring data sequences from the database and obtaining the last timestamp of the historical data sequence as the boundary point; real-time transmitted data and uploaded data with timestamps later than the boundary point as new data; and merging the new data with the historical data sequence in timestamp order. During the merging process, the timestamps of the new data and the historical data are compared. When data with the same timestamp is found, the most recently received data is retained, and the old data in the historical data is deleted. After the merging is completed, the entire data sequence is sorted in ascending order by timestamp to ensure that the deformation monitoring data in the data sequence are arranged continuously in chronological order.

[0044] In an optional implementation, in step 6, generating a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence can be achieved by: detecting the temporal continuity of the data sequence during the generation process, and identifying whether there are excessively large time intervals in the data sequence. When the timestamp interval between two adjacent data exceeds a preset time threshold, it is determined to be a data missing period, and a data missing marker is marked at the location of this period. For the marked data missing period, based on the deformation monitoring data before and after the missing period, a linear interpolation method is used to estimate the deformation amount of the missing period, and interpolated data is generated to fill the data gap. The timestamps of the interpolated data are evenly distributed within the missing period according to a preset acquisition time interval.

[0045] In another optional implementation, in step 6, generating a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence can also be achieved by: performing outlier detection on the deformation monitoring data during the generation of the continuous deformation monitoring data sequence, and identifying abnormal data points in the data sequence; calculating the deformation difference between each data point and its adjacent data points in the data sequence, and determining that the data point is an abnormal data point when the absolute value of the difference exceeds a preset deformation rate threshold; marking the identified abnormal data points, and correcting them using a smoothing filtering method based on the normal data before and after the data point, and replacing the original abnormal data point with the corrected data.

[0046] Example 3, an embodiment of the present invention, provides an automated method for monitoring deformation during dam safety, based on the previous embodiment, comprising: In this embodiment, the intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument includes an intelligent capacitive plumb line coordinate instrument, an intelligent capacitive tension line instrument, an intelligent capacitive hydrostatic level, and an intelligent capacitive bimetallic displacement gauge. The intelligent capacitive plumb line coordinate instrument measures the vertical displacement of the monitoring point, with a measurement range of 25 mm in both the X and Y directions and a measurement accuracy of 0.1 mm. The intelligent capacitive tension line instrument measures the tension line displacement of the monitoring point, with a measurement range of 40 mm and a measurement accuracy of 0.1 mm. The intelligent capacitive hydrostatic level measures the hydrostatic settlement of the monitoring point, with a measurement range of 20 mm and a measurement accuracy of 0.1 mm. The intelligent capacitive bimetallic displacement gauge measures the temperature deformation of the monitoring point, with a measurement range of 20 mm and a measurement accuracy of 0.1 mm.

[0047] Multiple monitoring stations are deployed at different locations along the dam, including a monitoring station on the left bank of the dam crest, a monitoring station on the right bank of the dam crest, and a monitoring station in the gallery area. The monitoring station on the left bank of the dam crest is equipped with intelligent capacitive tension line instruments, intelligent capacitive hydrostatic levels, intelligent capacitive bimetallic displacement gauges, and intelligent capacitive plumb line coordinate instruments to collect deformation monitoring data for the left bank dam section. The monitoring station on the right bank of the dam crest is equipped with intelligent capacitive tension line instruments, intelligent capacitive hydrostatic levels, and intelligent capacitive bimetallic displacement gauges to collect deformation monitoring data for the right bank dam section. The monitoring station in the gallery area is equipped with intelligent capacitive tension line instruments and intelligent capacitive plumb line coordinate instruments to collect deformation monitoring data within the gallery area.

[0048] Each monitoring station is equipped with a data acquisition device, which includes a hybrid acquisition module and a local storage device. The hybrid acquisition module supports the mixed acquisition of signals from differential resistance sensors, vibrating wire sensors, and capacitive sensors, and each hybrid acquisition module has 16 acquisition channels. The local storage device uses non-volatile memory with a storage capacity of no less than 300 data records. The data acquisition device is equipped with a backup power supply with a backup power supply time of no less than one week, ensuring continuous operation of the data acquisition device in the event of a main power outage.

[0049] When receiving and converting digital signals, the hybrid acquisition module sends an identification request signal to the intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument. The intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument returns a response signal containing the device type identifier and device number. The hybrid acquisition module determines the sensor type based on the device type identifier. If the sensor type is differential resistance, it extracts the resistance ratio parameter and the sum of resistance parameters from the digital signal, and calculates the deformation monitoring data based on the resistance parameter. If the sensor type is vibrating wire, it extracts the frequency parameter from the digital signal, and calculates the deformation monitoring data based on the frequency parameter. If the sensor type is capacitive, it extracts the capacitance change parameter from the digital signal, and calculates the deformation monitoring data based on the capacitance change parameter.

[0050] Each monitoring station is connected to the monitoring management station via a 12-core single-mode optical fiber, with a maximum transmission distance of 800 meters. During fiber optic installation, hot-dip galvanized steel pipes with a diameter of 25 mm are used as protective conduits. Fiber optic transceivers are installed at each monitoring station and the monitoring management station to convert digital signals into optical signals for transmission.

[0051] When monitoring the communication status of the fiber optic communication network, the monitoring management station sends heartbeat signals to each monitoring station at preset time intervals. Each monitoring station returns a response signal upon receiving the heartbeat signal. If the monitoring management station fails to receive a response signal from a monitoring station after sending heartbeat signals three times consecutively, it determines that the communication with that monitoring station has been interrupted. Upon detecting the communication interruption, the monitoring station initiates local storage mode and stores the deformation monitoring data in its local memory.

[0052] When processing the deformation monitoring data sequence at the monitoring and management station, deformation process curves are generated for each monitoring point. These curves, with time on the x-axis and deformation amount on the y-axis, visually display the deformation process of each monitoring point over time. When the deformation rate at a monitoring point exceeds a preset alarm threshold, the monitoring and management station automatically generates an alarm message, displays the alarm status in an alarm window, and alerts monitoring personnel to pay attention to the deformation situation at that monitoring point.

[0053] The automated deformation monitoring method for dam safety provided in this embodiment achieves comprehensive monitoring of various dam deformation types by configuring different types of intelligent capacitive monitoring instruments. Distributed monitoring of different areas of the dam is achieved by deploying monitoring stations at multiple locations. Unified management of various sensor types is realized through adaptive identification and processing of the hybrid acquisition module. Backup power and local storage mechanisms ensure continuous acquisition and reliable storage of monitoring data in the event of power outages. Redundant configuration of the fiber optic communication network improves the reliability of data transmission. Deformation process curves and automatic alarm functions provide intuitive data display and timely early warning support for dam safety assessment.

[0054] Furthermore, the intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument has a resolution of 0.01 mm, a telemetry distance of 800 meters, an operating ambient temperature range of -20 degrees Celsius to +60 degrees Celsius, and an operating ambient humidity of 100% relative humidity.

[0055] Furthermore, the data acquisition device operates at a voltage of 11 to 15 volts DC, with a standby current of 60 mA and a maximum operating current of 1.8 amps.

[0056] Furthermore, a total of 47 deformation monitoring points were set up on the dam, including 21 tension line monitoring points, 15 static leveling monitoring points, 4 inverted plumb line monitoring points, 2 upright plumb line monitoring points, and 4 bimetallic pipe marker monitoring points. The monitoring station on the left bank of the dam crest connects to 14 monitoring points, the monitoring station on the right bank of the dam crest connects to 19 monitoring points, and the gallery monitoring station connects to 30 monitoring points.

[0057] Furthermore, the hybrid acquisition module provides a measurement range for differential resistance sensors: a resistance ratio of 0.8000 to 1.2000, and a sum of resistances of 40.00 ohms to 120.00 ohms, with a resistance ratio measurement accuracy of 0.0002 and a sum of resistance measurement accuracy of 0.02 ohms. For vibrating wire sensors, the measurement range is a frequency of 400 Hz to 5000 Hz and a temperature of -20 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius, with a frequency measurement accuracy of 0.1 Hz and a temperature measurement accuracy of 0.5 degrees Celsius. The measurement time for each acquisition channel is 2 to 5 seconds.

[0058] Furthermore, the local storage capacity is no less than 300 measurements. The backup power supply time is no less than one week to ensure that the data acquisition device can continue to operate in the event of a main power outage.

[0059] Furthermore, each monitoring station is connected to the monitoring management station via a 12-core single-mode optical fiber, and the optical fiber protection tube is a hot-dip galvanized steel pipe with a diameter of 25 mm.

[0060] Example 4 is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides an automated system for monitoring deformation during dam safety, comprising: The data acquisition module is used to collect the deformation at each monitoring point through an intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument, perform on-site digital processing of the deformation, and output digital signals. The signal conversion module is used to receive digital signals, analyze and convert the digital signals, and obtain deformation monitoring data. The data transmission module is used to transmit deformation monitoring data to the monitoring management station via an optical fiber communication network, wherein the optical fiber communication network adopts a ring network topology; The communication analysis module is used to detect the communication status of the fiber optic communication network. When communication is interrupted, it stores the deformation monitoring data in the local memory. When communication is restored, it reads the stored deformation monitoring data from the local memory and uploads it to the monitoring management station through the fiber optic communication network. The link analysis module is used to detect the link status of the fiber optic communication network. When a link failure is detected, the data transmission is switched to the reverse transmission path. The deformation monitoring module is used to merge the deformation monitoring data transmitted in real time with the deformation monitoring data uploaded from the local storage in chronological order at the monitoring management station, generating a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence, and judging the deformation trend based on the deformation monitoring data sequence.

[0061] This embodiment also provides an electronic device applicable to an automated method for monitoring deformation during dam safety monitoring, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to realize the automated method for monitoring deformation during dam safety monitoring as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0062] This embodiment also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, it implements an automated method for monitoring deformation of dam safety as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0063] The storage medium proposed in this embodiment belongs to the same inventive concept as the method for automating dam safety monitoring deformation proposed in the above embodiments. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiments, and this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiments.

[0064] Based on the above description of the implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented using software and necessary general-purpose hardware, and of course, it can also be implemented using hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer floppy disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, hard disk, or optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0065] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated method for monitoring deformation during dam safety monitoring, characterized in that: include, The deformation at each monitoring point is collected by an intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument, the deformation is digitally processed on-site, and a digital signal is output. Receive digital signals, analyze and convert them to obtain deformation monitoring data; Deformation monitoring data is transmitted to the monitoring management station via an optical fiber communication network, which adopts a ring network topology. The system monitors the communication status of the fiber optic communication network. When communication is interrupted, it stores the deformation monitoring data in the local memory. When communication is restored, it reads the stored deformation monitoring data from the local memory and uploads it to the monitoring management station through the fiber optic communication network. It detects the link status of the fiber optic communication network and switches data transmission to the reverse transmission path when a link failure is detected. The deformation monitoring data transmitted in real time at the monitoring and management station is merged with the deformation monitoring data uploaded from the local storage in chronological order to generate a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence, and the deformation trend is determined based on the deformation monitoring data sequence.

2. The automated method for monitoring dam safety deformation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of digitally processing the deformation on-site and outputting a digital signal includes measuring the deformation at the monitoring point where the intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument is located and obtaining a measurement signal. At the monitoring point, the measurement signal is converted from analog to digital to obtain a digital value representing the amount of deformation; The digital value is encapsulated to generate a digital signal that conforms to a digital communication protocol; the digital signal is then transmitted to the data acquisition location.

3. The automated method for monitoring dam safety deformation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The process of parsing and converting digital signals to obtain deformation monitoring data includes identifying sensor identification information from digital signals; Determine the sensor type based on the sensor identification information; Extract the corresponding physical parameters from the digital signal based on the sensor type; Deformation monitoring data is obtained by calculating physical parameters.

4. The automated method for monitoring deformation for dam safety as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The step of transmitting deformation monitoring data to the monitoring management station via an optical fiber communication network includes connecting multiple monitoring stations to the monitoring management station via optical fiber to form a closed-loop network. In a closed-loop network, define the forward and reverse transmission paths for data transmission; The deformation monitoring data is transmitted to the monitoring management station via a forward transmission path.

5. The automated method for monitoring deformation for dam safety as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The detection of the fiber optic communication network includes recording the acquisition time of deformation monitoring data and generating a timestamp when communication is interrupted; Deformation monitoring data and timestamps are encapsulated into data records; Determine the remaining storage capacity of the local memory, and overwrite the oldest stored data record when the remaining capacity is insufficient; Store the data records to local storage; When communication is restored, all data records are read from local storage; Sort data records by time series based on timestamps; Data records are uploaded to the monitoring and management station sequentially according to time sequence. After uploading is complete, clear the uploaded data records from the local storage.

6. The automated method for monitoring deformation for dam safety as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The detection of the link status of the optical fiber communication network includes sending a link test frame to the first monitoring station in the optical fiber communication network through the monitoring and management station; After receiving the link test frame, the first monitoring station forwards the link test frame to the second monitoring station through the forward transmission path. After receiving the link test frame, the second monitoring station continues to forward the link test frame through the forward transmission path until the link test frame is returned to the monitoring management station. If the monitoring and management station does not receive a returned link test frame within a preset time, it is determined that there is a link fault in the forward transmission path; The monitoring management station sends a path switching command to the last monitoring station. After receiving the path switching instruction, the last monitoring station forwards the instruction to the first monitoring station level by level through the reverse transmission path. After receiving the path switching command, each monitoring station switches the data transmission direction from forward to reverse.

7. The automated method for monitoring dam safety deformation as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The process of generating a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence and determining the deformation trend based on the deformation monitoring data sequence includes obtaining the timestamp of the deformation monitoring data transmitted in real time and the timestamp of the deformation monitoring data uploaded from the local storage. The deformation monitoring data transmitted in real time and the deformation monitoring data uploaded are sorted in a unified manner according to the timestamp; Check if there are duplicate timestamps in the sorted deformation monitoring data; if so, delete the duplicate data. The deduplicated deformation monitoring data are arranged in time stamp order to generate a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence; The deformation rate is obtained by calculating the difference in deformation between adjacent time points based on the deformation monitoring data sequence. The deformation trend is determined by the deformation rate. When the deformation rate is greater than zero, it is determined to be an increasing deformation trend. When the deformation rate is less than zero, it is determined to be a decreasing deformation trend. When the deformation rate is equal to zero, it is determined to be a stable deformation.

8. An automated system for monitoring dam safety deformation, employing the automated method for monitoring dam safety deformation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to collect the deformation at each monitoring point through an intelligent capacitive monitoring instrument, perform on-site digital processing of the deformation, and output digital signals. The signal conversion module is used to receive digital signals, analyze and convert the digital signals, and obtain deformation monitoring data. The data transmission module is used to transmit deformation monitoring data to the monitoring management station via an optical fiber communication network, wherein the optical fiber communication network adopts a ring network topology; The communication analysis module is used to detect the communication status of the fiber optic communication network. When communication is interrupted, it stores the deformation monitoring data in the local memory. When communication is restored, it reads the stored deformation monitoring data from the local memory and uploads it to the monitoring management station through the fiber optic communication network. The link analysis module is used to detect the link status of the fiber optic communication network. When a link failure is detected, the data transmission is switched to the reverse transmission path. The deformation monitoring module is used to merge the deformation monitoring data transmitted in real time with the deformation monitoring data uploaded from the local storage in chronological order at the monitoring management station, generating a continuous deformation monitoring data sequence, and judging the deformation trend based on the deformation monitoring data sequence.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the automated method for monitoring deformation of dam safety as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the automated method for monitoring deformation of dam safety as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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