Potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection equipment and preferential crystallization method

Abstract

The invention provides potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection equipment and a preferential crystallization method, and relates to the technical field of visual detection, the equipment comprises a mounting seat, a collection cup, a driving mechanism and a detection mechanism; a mounting cover is mounted at the top of the mounting base through bolts, a middle plate is fixedly arranged in the mounting cover, the driving mechanism comprises a motor which is mounted in the mounting base and located in the middle of the bottom of the middle plate, and a positioning frame is fixedly arranged in the mounting cover and located above the middle plate. According to the scheme, when the industrial camera rotates forwards relative to the collection cup, the industrial camera and the collection cup form differential motion, the field of view of the industrial camera scans each area in the collection cup, the problems that fixed detection can only shoot local areas, cup walls are blocked and other blind areas are solved, the accuracy of visual detection is further improved, and the detection efficiency is improved. Omni-directional imaging of a solid-liquid two-phase system in the cup can be achieved through cooperation of the two, crystals attached to the cup wall, crystals deposited at the bottom and suspended crystals can be clearly captured, and omni-directional detection is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of visual inspection, and more particularly to a potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device and a preferential crystallization method. Background Technology

[0002] The lithium extraction process from lithium ore generates a large amount of high-potassium and high-sodium plate and frame salts. Most of these plate and frame salts are processed by stockpiling or introducing chloride ions. Due to insufficient extraction, a large amount of potassium is wasted.

[0003] Potassium salts are an important agricultural fertilizer resource with wide applications in agriculture, industry, and medicine. Common potassium salt resources include potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, and potassium nitrate. Among them, potassium sulfate is widely used in the cultivation of high-value crops such as tobacco, tea, and fruit trees because it does not contain chloride ions and is highly safe for crops. Market demand is strong.

[0004] Visual inspection is required during the crystallization process of potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate. Potassium sulfate crystals are usually hexagonal prismatic or needle-shaped, while sodium sulfate crystals are mostly orthorhombic prismatic or plate-shaped. The visual inspection system can use a high-resolution industrial camera to capture the geometry of the crystal, the clarity of the edges and corners, and whether there is agglomeration or deformity, in order to determine whether the crystallization conditions are optimal.

[0005] During crystallization detection, the crystallization area is generally located on the wall of the collection cup. Traditional detection methods are prone to creating blind spots, resulting in poor completeness and accuracy of crystal feature acquisition. Furthermore, they are not easily adapted to the dynamic distribution characteristics of crystals within the cup.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device and a preferential crystallization method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device and a preferential crystallization method, which solves the problems of easy formation of detection blind spots and poor integrity and accuracy of crystal feature acquisition in related technologies.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device, including a mounting base, a collection cup, a driving mechanism, and a detection mechanism;

[0009] The mounting base is bolted to the top of the mounting cover, and a middle plate is fixed inside the mounting cover. The driving mechanism includes a motor installed inside the mounting base and located at the bottom center of the middle plate. A positioning frame is fixed inside the mounting cover and above the middle plate. A drive gear is connected to the motor output shaft and located inside the positioning frame via a keyway. A drive rod is connected to the drive gear shaft via a keyway. A first turntable is connected to the top of the drive rod via a keyway. The collecting cup is located at the center of the first turntable.

[0010] Driven gears are meshed on both sides of the drive gear, and toothed rings are meshed on the outer walls of the two driven gears. A second turntable is fixedly mounted on the top of the toothed rings. The detection mechanism includes a mounting frame mounted on the upper surface of the second turntable. A first limiting plate, a second limiting plate, and a third limiting plate are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the mounting frame. A rotating rod is rotatably mounted inside the first limiting plate and the third limiting plate via a torsion spring. An industrial camera is mounted on the outer wall of the rotating rod.

[0011] Preferably, the two driven gear shafts are rotatably connected to the middle plate via bearings, and the gear ring and the mounting cover are rotatably connected.

[0012] Preferably, the drive gear is rotatably connected to the middle plate via a bearing, the drive rod shaft is rotatably connected to the positioning frame via a bearing, and the center of the industrial camera and the center of the collection cup are at the same level.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a positioning mechanism;

[0014] The positioning mechanism includes a slider slidably mounted on the upper surface of the first turntable, a positioning wheel slidably mounted above the first turntable and on one side of the slider, and a positioning spring fixed between the positioning wheel and the slider;

[0015] The second limiting plate is rotatably connected to a ratchet sleeve, and a trigger gear is engaged at the bottom of the ratchet sleeve. A ratchet wheel is connected to the keyway at the bottom of the rotating rod inside the ratchet sleeve, and an arc-shaped rack is installed on the side wall of the positioning frame.

[0016] Preferably, the sliders are distributed in a ring at equal intervals about the axis of the first turntable, and the trigger gear and the arc-shaped rack are adapted to each other.

[0017] Preferably, the ratchet and the ratchet sleeve are meshed, and the trigger gear and the arc-shaped rack are at the same level.

[0018] Preferably, cleaning services are also included;

[0019] The second turntable has a groove inside. The cleaning mechanism includes a sliding frame installed above the groove. A knob is threaded inside the sliding frame. A screw is rotatably installed in the middle of the sliding frame. A positioning rod is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding frame above and below the screw. A sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the outer wall of the positioning rod. A telescopic frame is fixed at the outer end of the sliding sleeve. A cleaning roller is rotatably installed inside the telescopic frame. A sleeve is threaded to the outer wall of the screw.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom end of the knob passes through the interior of the sliding frame and extends to the upper surface of the second turntable, the sleeve and the telescopic frame are fixedly connected, and the cleaning roller and the collection cup are in the same horizontal direction.

[0021] The preferred crystallization method for potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate includes the following steps:

[0022] S1: Raw material preparation;

[0023] Weigh out the mixed salts to prepare a methanol solution containing K2SO4 and Na2SO4;

[0024] S2: Solution preparation;

[0025] Add the mixed salts to methanol and stir on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes to form a homogeneous solution;

[0026] S3: Add organic reagents;

[0027] Add ethyl acetate at volume ratios of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% respectively to the above solutions, and continue stirring for 15 minutes.

[0028] S4: Dissolve at a constant temperature;

[0029] Transfer the solution to a constant temperature water bath and stir at 25°C for 30 minutes to allow the solution to reach dissolution equilibrium.

[0030] S5: Gradient extraction;

[0031] The solution was removed from the constant temperature water bath and left to stand for 12 hours. A large number of white crystals were observed to precipitate. The crystals were collected by filtration. After testing, the main component of the crystals was potassium sulfate. During the test, the collection cup containing the solution was placed on the first turntable, and the drive mechanism and the detection mechanism were started to visually inspect the potassium sulfate crystallization stage in the collection cup.

[0032] S6: Further separation;

[0033] The filtrate was cooled to 5°C, and crystals precipitated out. These crystals were identified as sodium sulfate, and further testing by a testing agency is required.

[0034] Compared with related technologies, the potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device and preferential crystallization method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0035] When the industrial camera rotates clockwise relative to the collection cup, it is equivalent to the industrial camera and the collection cup forming a differential motion, which allows the industrial camera's field of view to sweep across every area inside the collection cup. This solves the problem of blind spots such as fixed inspection only being able to capture local areas and cup wall obstruction, and further improves the accuracy of visual inspection.

[0036] The combination of the two can achieve all-round imaging of the solid-liquid two-phase system inside the cup. Whether it is crystals attached to the cup wall, crystals deposited at the bottom, or suspended crystals, they can all be clearly captured, enabling all-round detection.

[0037] In the dynamic mode of forward and reverse rotation, the crystal will continuously change its own posture during rotation, and images of the crystal from different angles can be collected. Through multi-view stitching visual inspection, the three-dimensional shape of the crystal can be restored, avoiding misjudgment due to a single viewpoint. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 The optimal structural schematic diagram provided for this invention;

[0040] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the mounting base, mounting cover, and second turntable.

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shown is a top-down view of the structure.

[0042] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the drive mechanism structure provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged structural diagram at point A is shown below;

[0044] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the rotating working state of the drive mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional distribution of the second turntable, the detection mechanism, and the cleaning mechanism as illustrated in this invention.

[0046] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows a detailed structural diagram of the testing facility.

[0047] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The enlarged structural diagram at point B is shown below;

[0048] Figure 10 for Figure 8 The diagram shows the disassembled structure of the testing mechanism;

[0049] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the second turntable driving the detection mechanism to rotate counterclockwise, as provided by the present invention.

[0050] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The enlarged structural diagram at point C is shown below;

[0051] Figure 13 for Figure 11 The diagram shows the working state of the second turntable driving the detection mechanism to rotate clockwise.

[0052] Figure 14 for Figure 11 The diagram shown illustrates the working state of the second turntable driving the detection mechanism to rotate counterclockwise.

[0053] Figure 15 Working plan view of the trigger gear and ratchet sleeve provided by the present invention;

[0054] Figure 16 A detailed structural diagram of the cleaning mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating the preferential crystallization method for potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate provided by this invention.

[0056] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0057] 1. Mounting base; 2. Mounting cover;

[0058] 3. Drive mechanism; 31. Motor; 32. Positioning frame; 33. Drive gear; 34. Driven gear; 35. Gear ring; 36. Drive rod.

[0059] 4. Positioning mechanism; 41. Slider; 42. Positioning wheel; 43. Positioning spring;

[0060] 5. Testing mechanism; 51. Mounting bracket; 52. First limiting plate; 53. Second limiting plate; 54. Third limiting plate; 55. Rotating rod; 56. Industrial camera; 57. Ratchet sleeve; 58. Trigger gear; 59. Ratchet.

[0061] 6. Cleaning mechanism; 61. Sliding frame; 62. Knob; 63. Positioning rod; 64. Sliding sleeve; 65. Telescopic frame; 66. Cleaning roller; 67. Screw; 68. Sleeve.

[0062] 7. First turntable; 8. Collection cup;

[0063] 9. Slide, 10. Second turntable;

[0064] 11. Middle plate; 12. Curved toothed rack. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] This invention provides a potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device and a preferential crystallization method.

[0067] First embodiment:

[0068] Please see Figures 1 to 6 A potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device includes a mounting base 1, a collection cup 8, a driving mechanism 3, and a detection mechanism 5;

[0069] The mounting base 1 is bolted to the top of the mounting cover 2. The mounting cover 2 is fixed inside the middle plate 11. The driving mechanism 3 includes a motor 31 installed inside the mounting base 1 and located at the bottom center of the middle plate 11. The mounting cover 2 is fixed inside and above the middle plate 11. The output shaft of the motor 31 is connected to a drive gear 33 via a keyway inside the positioning frame 32. The drive gear 33 is connected to a drive rod 36 via a keyway at the shaft center. The drive rod 36 is connected to a first turntable 7 via a keyway at its top end. The collecting cup 8 is located at the shaft center of the first turntable 7.

[0070] Driven gears 34 are meshed on both sides of the drive gear 33. Gear rings 35 are meshed on the outer walls of the two driven gears 34. A second turntable 10 is fixedly mounted on the top of the gear ring 35. The detection mechanism 5 includes a mounting frame 51 mounted on the upper surface of the second turntable 10. A first limiting plate 52, a second limiting plate 53, and a third limiting plate 54 are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the mounting frame 51. A rotating rod 55 is rotatably mounted inside the first limiting plate 52 and the third limiting plate 54 through a torsion spring. An industrial camera 56 is mounted on the outer wall of the rotating rod 55.

[0071] The two driven gears 34 are rotatably connected to the middle plate 11 at their shafts via bearings, and the gear ring 35 is rotatably connected to the mounting cover 2.

[0072] The drive gear 33 is rotatably connected to the middle plate 11 via a bearing, and the axis of the drive rod 36 is rotatably connected to the positioning frame 32 via a bearing. The center of the industrial camera 56 and the center of the collection cup 8 are at the same level.

[0073] Preferably, motor 31 can be a three-phase asynchronous motor, which can easily achieve forward and reverse rotation.

[0074] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4When the user starts the motor 31, it drives the drive gear 33 to rotate. When the drive gear 33 rotates, it can drive the driven gears 34 on both sides to rotate synchronously. In addition, during the rotation of the drive gear 33, the transmission drive rod 36 drives the first turntable 7 to control the collection cup 8 to rotate along the axis of the drive gear 33.

[0075] Please see Figure 2 During the rotation of the driven gear 34, the meshing transmission gear ring 35 rotates. During the rotation of the gear ring 35, the second turntable 10 drives the entire detection mechanism 5 and cleaning mechanism 6 to rotate. The detection mechanism 5 rotates around the center of the collection cup 8.

[0076] It is understandable that, since the second turntable 10 has a hollow design in the middle and the rotation of the drive gear 33 and the first turntable 7 is supported by the positioning frame 32, the first turntable 7 and the second turntable 10 will not interfere with each other when they rotate.

[0077] Please see Figure 6 If the drive gear 33 rotates clockwise, it will mesh with the driven gear 34 and rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotating driven gear 34 will control the gear ring 35 to rotate counterclockwise. Therefore, if the collection cup 8 rotates clockwise, the second turntable 10 will drive the detection mechanism 5 and the cleaning mechanism 6 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0078] Based on the above principles, if the collection cup 8 rotates counterclockwise, the second turntable 10 will drive the detection mechanism 5 and the cleaning mechanism 6 to rotate clockwise.

[0079] This embodiment:

[0080] During the crystallization process, crystals will be deposited at the bottom of the collection cup 8, adhere to the cup wall, or be suspended in the solution due to gravity. When the collection cup 8 is reversed, the centrifugal force can drive the solution and crystals in the cup to rotate, so that the suspended crystals are evenly distributed in the field of view. At the same time, the crystals deposited at the bottom are turned up, which prevents the crystals at the bottom from being unable to be captured by the industrial camera 56 due to accumulation, thereby improving the accuracy of visual inspection.

[0081] When the industrial camera 56 rotates clockwise relative to the collection cup 8, it is equivalent to the industrial camera 56 and the collection cup 8 forming a differential motion, which allows the field of view of the industrial camera 56 to sweep across every area inside the collection cup 8, solving the problem of blind spots such as fixed inspection only being able to capture local areas and cup wall obstruction, and further improving the accuracy of visual inspection.

[0082] The combination of the two can achieve all-round imaging of the solid-liquid two-phase system inside the cup. Whether it is crystals attached to the cup wall, crystals deposited at the bottom, or suspended crystals, they can all be clearly captured, enabling all-round detection.

[0083] In the dynamic mode of forward and reverse rotation, the crystal will continuously change its own posture during rotation, and images of the crystal from different angles can be collected. Through multi-view stitching visual inspection, the three-dimensional shape of the crystal can be restored, avoiding misjudgment due to a single viewpoint.

[0084] Second embodiment:

[0085] Please refer to 4. Figure 5 , Figures 7 to 15 It also includes positioning mechanism 4;

[0086] The positioning mechanism 4 includes a slider 41 slidably mounted on the upper surface of the first turntable 7, a positioning wheel 42 slidably mounted above the first turntable 7 and on one side of the slider 41, and a positioning spring 43 fixed between the positioning wheel 42 and the slider 41.

[0087] The second limiting plate 53 is rotatably connected to a ratchet sleeve 57. A trigger gear 58 is engaged at the bottom of the ratchet sleeve 57. A ratchet wheel 59 is connected to the ratchet sleeve 57 and located at the bottom of the rotating rod 55 via a keyway. An arc-shaped rack 12 is installed on the side wall of the positioning frame 32.

[0088] The sliders 41 are equidistantly distributed in a ring around the axis of the first turntable 7, and the trigger gear 58 and the arc-shaped rack 12 are adapted to each other.

[0089] The ratchet 59 and the ratchet sleeve 57 are meshed together, and the trigger gear 58 and the arc rack 12 are located at the same level.

[0090] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 When installing the collection cup 8, the user can align the bottom of the collection cup 8 with the positioning wheel 42 and press down to drive the positioning spring 43 to form a contraction adaptive control positioning wheel 42 to position and clamp the collection cup 8. In actual operation, the user can also replace the slider 41.

[0091] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 14 In the first embodiment, if the second turntable 10 drives the mounting bracket 51 to rotate counterclockwise, the mounting bracket 51 will also drive the trigger gear 58 to rotate counterclockwise about the center of the collection cup 8. When the trigger gear 58 rotates to the position of the arc rack 12, it will mesh with the arc rack 12. When the trigger gear 58 and the arc rack 12 move relative to each other, the trigger gear 58 can be controlled to rotate counterclockwise.

[0092] Please refer to 8 to Figure 10When the trigger gear 58 rotates counterclockwise, it can transmit force to control the ratchet sleeve 57 to rotate counterclockwise. When the ratchet sleeve 57 rotates counterclockwise, it will rotate counterclockwise along the axis of the ratchet 59, thus avoiding the ratchet 59. Therefore, when the trigger gear 58 rotates counterclockwise, it will not affect the rotation of the control rod 55 of the ratchet 59. As a result, the industrial camera 56 will not flip horizontally. Therefore, when the industrial camera 56 rotates counterclockwise to detect the rotation of the collection cup 8, the industrial camera 56 will not undergo a staged horizontal flipping movement, but will stably detect the rotation around the collection cup 8.

[0093] Please see Figure 13 Based on the above principles, if the second turntable 10 drives the detection mechanism 5 to rotate clockwise for detection, the trigger gear 58 will also contact the arc rack 12 to control the trigger gear 58 to rotate clockwise.

[0094] Please see Figures 8 to 10 And 15: When the trigger gear 58 rotates clockwise, it will drive the ratchet sleeve 57 to control the ratchet 59 to rotate clockwise. At this time, the ratchet 59 and the ratchet sleeve 57 are subjected to force. The ratchet 59 can drive the rotating rod 55 to control the industrial camera 56 to form a staged horizontal flipping motion.

[0095] Understandably, since the arcuate range of the arcuate rack 12 and the collecting cup 8 are located on the same axis, the trigger gear 58 can form a meshing contact with the fixed arcuate rack 12 whether it rotates clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0096] Secondly, the torsion spring rotation installation method limits the rotation of the first limiting plate 52 and the second limiting plate 54 on the rotating rod 55, which can ensure that after the trigger gear 58 and the arc rack 12 are separated, the industrial camera 56 can be reset to the horizontal state.

[0097] Secondly, the third limiting plate 53 restricts the rotation of the ratchet sleeve 57 separately, which ensures that the ratchet sleeve 57 and the ratchet wheel 59 are only in a meshing relationship, and at the same time, it can also ensure stability during rotation.

[0098] This embodiment:

[0099] Potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystals exhibit significant anisotropy. During the forward and reverse rotation of the collection cup, some crystals may maintain a single orientation due to gravity or centrifugal force. A camera at a fixed angle can only capture the projection of one dimension. By rotating the camera horizontally in stages, images of the same batch of crystals can be collected from both forward and reverse perspectives, which can further restore the true length, width, height ratio and angular features of the crystals.

[0100] When collecting cup 8 in both directions, a small number of crystals will still adhere to different heights on the cup wall. When detecting at a fixed angle, the crystals on the inner side of the cup wall may be blocked by the outer crystals, or the imaging distortion may occur due to light refraction. By flipping the industrial camera 56, the shooting angle is mirrored and the originally blocked cup wall area will enter the field of view. At the same time, by comparing the images from the front and back perspectives, artifacts caused by reflection and refraction of the cup wall can be eliminated, thereby improving the feature recognition accuracy of the crystals attached to the cup wall.

[0101] Secondly, the positioning mechanism 4 automatically centers and clamps the collection cup 8 to precisely align the geometric center of the collection cup 8 with the center of the rotation axis through a mechanical structure, completely solving the problem of eccentric rotation caused by manual clamping or ordinary clamps. After centering, the collection cup 8 rotates smoothly, and the detection field of view is always aligned with the target area inside the cup, greatly improving the image clarity and providing a high-quality data source for subsequent algorithm analysis.

[0102] Third embodiment:

[0103] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 16 It also includes cleaning agencies 6;

[0104] The second turntable 10 has a groove 9 inside. The cleaning mechanism 6 includes a sliding frame 61 installed above the groove 9. A knob 62 is threaded inside the sliding frame 61. A screw 67 is rotatably installed in the middle of the sliding frame 61. A positioning rod 63 is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding frame 61 above and below the screw 67. A sliding sleeve 64 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the positioning rod 63. A telescopic frame 65 is fixed at the outer end of the sliding sleeve 64. A cleaning roller 66 is rotatably installed inside the telescopic frame 65. A sleeve 68 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the screw 67.

[0105] The bottom end of the knob 62 passes through the interior of the sliding frame 61 and extends to the upper surface of the second turntable 10. The sleeve 68 and the telescopic frame 65 are fixedly connected. The cleaning roller 66 and the collection cup 8 are in the same horizontal direction.

[0106] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 16 The user rotates the loosening knob 62 and pushes the sliding frame 61 along the slide 9 so that the cleaning roller 66 is as close as possible to the outer wall of the collection cup 8, but does not need to contact the outer wall of the collection cup 8.

[0107] The user rotates the screw 67, the threaded control sleeve 68 pushes the telescopic frame 65, and pushes the cleaning roller 66 to slowly approach the outer wall of the collection cup 8 and make contact with the outer wall of the collection cup 8. Then, the drive mechanism 3 is activated to control the collection cup 8 and the cleaning roller 66 to rotate relative to it, thereby cleaning the collection cup 8 in one circle.

[0108] This embodiment:

[0109] After multiple tests, the outer wall of the collection cup 8 is prone to residual crystal powder, dried solution marks or stains. These deposits will block light, causing shadows and dark spots in the crystal image inside the cup. At the same time, the outline of the deposits themselves will be captured by the industrial camera 56, forming artifacts similar to the crystal features. After the cleaning mechanism 6 and the drive mechanism 3 rotate and clean, the cup wall is smooth and transparent, and light can penetrate the cup body without obstruction. The edges and shapes of the crystals can be clearly outlined, and the image background is clean.

[0110] In actual use, when switching from potassium sulfate to sodium sulfate detection, the solution needs to be cooled again before detection can be performed. The time difference generated during the cooling process is used to switch to the cleaning mode.

[0111] The preferred crystallization method for potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate includes the following steps:

[0112] S1: Raw material preparation;

[0113] Weigh out the mixed salts to prepare a methanol solution containing K2SO4 and Na2SO4;

[0114] S2: Solution preparation;

[0115] Add the mixed salts to methanol and stir on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes to form a homogeneous solution;

[0116] S3: Add organic reagents;

[0117] Add ethyl acetate at volume ratios of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% respectively to the above solutions, and continue stirring for 15 minutes.

[0118] S4: Dissolve at a constant temperature;

[0119] Transfer the solution to a constant temperature water bath and stir at 25°C for 30 minutes to allow the solution to reach dissolution equilibrium.

[0120] S5: Gradient extraction;

[0121] The solution was removed from the constant temperature water bath and left to stand for 12 hours. A large number of white crystals were observed to precipitate. The crystals were collected by filtration. After testing, the main component of the crystals was potassium sulfate. During the test, the collection cup 8 containing the solution was placed on the first turntable 7, and the drive mechanism 3 and the detection mechanism 5 were started to visually detect the potassium sulfate crystallization stage in the collection cup 8.

[0122] S6: Further separation;

[0123] The filtrate was cooled to 5°C, and crystals precipitated out. These crystals were identified as sodium sulfate, and further testing by testing agency 5 was required.

[0124] This process:

[0125] Through lipid carbonyl oxygen and K + Formation of weak coordination, reducing the activity coefficient of K2SO4, Na + Ionic radius less than K + It forms a more stable solvation layer in water or methanol;

[0126] The steric hindrance effect of ester molecules can destroy Na + The solvation structure of K keeps it in a dissolved state, while K + It is easier to precipitate due to coordination;

[0127] Dielectric constant modulation increases the supersaturation of K2SO4;

[0128] The dielectric constant of the alcohol is 32.6, which drops to ~20 after the addition of 30% ethyl acetate, significantly reducing the solubility of K2SO4.

[0129] Improved separation efficiency: At 25℃ and with 30% ethyl acetate addition, when the K2SO4 crystallization rate is >82%, the Na2SO4 co-extrusion rate is <9%, which is 3 times more efficient than the traditional method.

[0130] Compared to the traditional aqueous solution method, the separation efficiency is increased by 3 times, and there is no need for high-temperature evaporation, reducing energy consumption by more than 50%.

[0131] This method involves adjusting the solubility of potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate in solution to achieve preferential precipitation of potassium sulfate, thereby effectively separating potassium and sodium. It is simple to operate, has high separation efficiency, and is environmentally friendly, making it suitable for the purification process of potassium sulfate, a by-product of industry.

[0132] Please refer to the reference again. Figures 1 to 17 The working principle of the potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device and preferential crystallization method provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0133] Step S1: Before detection;

[0134] Align the bottom of the collection cup 8 with the positioning wheel 42, press down to drive the positioning spring 43 to form a contraction adaptive control positioning wheel 42 to position and clamp the collection cup 8, take the solution out of the constant temperature water bath, and then place the solution in the collection cup 8;

[0135] Step S2: Crystallization stage detection;

[0136] The user starts the motor 31, which drives the drive gear 33 to rotate. When the drive gear 33 rotates, it can drive the driven gears 34 on both sides to rotate synchronously. In addition, during the rotation of the drive gear 33, the transmission drive rod 36 drives the first turntable 7 to control the collection cup 8 to rotate along the axis of the drive gear 33. During the rotation of the driven gear 34, it meshes with the transmission gear ring 35 to rotate. During the rotation of the gear ring 35, it drives the second turntable 10 to control the rotation of the entire detection mechanism 5 and the cleaning mechanism 6. The detection mechanism 5 rotates around the center of the collection cup 8.

[0137] When the industrial camera 56 rotates clockwise relative to the collection cup 8, it is equivalent to the industrial camera 56 and the collection cup 8 forming a differential motion, which allows the field of view of the industrial camera 56 to scan every area inside the collection cup 8 for visual inspection.

[0138] Step S3: If the second turntable 10 drives the detection mechanism 5 to rotate clockwise for detection, the trigger gear 58 will also contact the arc rack 12 to control the trigger gear 58 to rotate clockwise;

[0139] When the trigger gear 58 rotates clockwise, it will drive the ratchet sleeve 57 to rotate clockwise, which in turn controls the ratchet 59 to rotate clockwise. At this time, the ratchet 59 and the ratchet sleeve 57 are subjected to force. The ratchet 59 can drive the rotating rod 55 to control the industrial camera 56 to form a staged horizontal flipping motion for visual inspection of the collection cup 8.

[0140] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device, characterized in that, Includes mounting base, collection cup, drive mechanism, and detection mechanism; The mounting base is bolted to the top of the mounting cover, and a middle plate is fixed inside the mounting cover. The driving mechanism includes a motor installed inside the mounting base and located at the bottom center of the middle plate. A positioning frame is fixed inside the mounting cover and above the middle plate. A drive gear is connected to the motor output shaft and located inside the positioning frame via a keyway. A drive rod is connected to the drive gear shaft via a keyway. A first turntable is connected to the top of the drive rod via a keyway. The collecting cup is located at the center of the first turntable. Driven gears are meshed on both sides of the drive gear, and toothed rings are meshed on the outer walls of the two driven gears. A second turntable is fixedly mounted on the top of the toothed rings. The detection mechanism includes a mounting frame mounted on the upper surface of the second turntable. A first limiting plate, a second limiting plate, and a third limiting plate are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the mounting frame. A rotating rod is rotatably mounted inside the first limiting plate and the third limiting plate via a torsion spring. An industrial camera is mounted on the outer wall of the rotating rod.

2. The potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two driven gear shafts are rotatably connected to the middle plate via bearings, and the gear ring and the mounting cover are rotatably connected.

3. The potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive gear is rotatably connected to the middle plate via a bearing, the drive rod shaft is rotatably connected to the positioning frame via a bearing, and the center of the industrial camera and the center of the collection cup are at the same level.

4. The potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes positioning mechanisms; The positioning mechanism includes a slider slidably mounted on the upper surface of the first turntable, a positioning wheel slidably mounted above the first turntable and on one side of the slider, and a positioning spring fixed between the positioning wheel and the slider; The second limiting plate is rotatably connected to a ratchet sleeve, and a trigger gear is engaged at the bottom of the ratchet sleeve. A ratchet wheel is connected to the keyway at the bottom of the rotating rod inside the ratchet sleeve, and an arc-shaped rack is installed on the side wall of the positioning frame.

5. The potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sliders are distributed in a ring at equal intervals around the axis of the first turntable, and the trigger gear and the arc rack are adapted to each other.

6. The potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ratchet and the ratchet sleeve are meshed together, and the trigger gear and the arc-shaped rack are at the same level.

7. The potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes cleaning services; The second turntable has a groove inside. The cleaning mechanism includes a sliding frame installed above the groove. A knob is threaded inside the sliding frame. A screw is rotatably installed in the middle of the sliding frame. A positioning rod is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding frame above and below the screw. A sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the outer wall of the positioning rod. A telescopic frame is fixed at the outer end of the sliding sleeve. A cleaning roller is rotatably installed inside the telescopic frame. A sleeve is threaded to the outer wall of the screw.

8. The potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom end of the knob passes through the interior of the sliding frame and extends to the upper surface of the second turntable. The sleeve and the telescopic frame are fixedly connected, and the cleaning roller and the collection cup are in the same horizontal direction.

9. A method for preferential crystallization of potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate, characterized in that, The preferred crystallization method for potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate includes a potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate crystallization detection device as described in any one of claims 1-8, comprising the following steps: S1: Raw material preparation; Weigh out the mixed salts to prepare a methanol solution containing K2SO4 and Na2SO4; S2: Solution preparation; Add the mixed salts to methanol and stir on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes to form a homogeneous solution; S3: Add organic reagents; Add ethyl acetate at volume ratios of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% respectively to the above solutions, and continue stirring for 15 minutes. S4: Dissolve at a constant temperature; Transfer the solution to a constant temperature water bath and stir at 25°C for 30 minutes to allow the solution to reach dissolution equilibrium. S5: Gradient extraction; The solution was removed from the constant temperature water bath and left to stand for 12 hours. A large number of white crystals were observed to precipitate. The crystals were collected by filtration. After testing, the main component of the crystals was potassium sulfate. During the test, the collection cup containing the solution was placed on the first turntable, and the drive mechanism and the detection mechanism were started to visually inspect the potassium sulfate crystallization stage in the collection cup. S6: Further separation; The filtrate was cooled to 5°C, and crystals precipitated out. These crystals were identified as sodium sulfate, and further testing by a testing agency is required.

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