Liquid crystal display panel

Abstract

The liquid crystal display panel comprises a first substrate, protruding structures arranged on the first substrate and a first alignment layer covering the protruding structures and the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer is located on the side, away from the first substrate, of the first alignment layer, and each protruding structure comprises the first substrate and a side face located between the first surface and the first substrate. The acute angle formed between the side, close to the first substrate, of the side face and the direction parallel to the first substrate is limited to be smaller than 50 degrees, so that the orientation disorder phenomenon of liquid crystal molecules on the inclined planes of the protruding structures is effectively restrained; the liquid crystal display panel has the advantages of improving liquid crystal molecule orientation stability, reducing dark-state light leakage and improving display contrast, and the adaptability to a self-alignment process is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display panel. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the industry has developed some new technologies for the VA (verita) mode, such as Polyimide-Less Liquid Crystal Self-Aligned Technology (PI Less), which can eliminate the polyimide alignment film (PI) process in the existing LCD panel manufacturing process, thus saving costs.

[0003] However, since dual-sided PI less technology does not have a PI process and the growth direction of the liquid crystal alignment bump is taken from the contact surface, the color filter (CF) side of the color filter (CF) product of color filter on array (COA) technology only has the black matrix (BM) and indium tin oxide (ITO) process. There is a large topographic difference at the BM, which causes liquid crystal alignment disorder at the edge of the BM, resulting in increased dark state light leakage and reduced contrast ratio (CR). This problem is a major pain point of dual-sided PI less technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a liquid crystal display panel to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a liquid crystal display panel is provided according to a first aspect of this application, the liquid crystal display panel comprising: First substrate; Multiple protrusion structures are disposed on the first substrate; A first alignment layer covers the first substrate and the protrusion structure; and A liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer is located on the side of the first alignment layer away from the first substrate, and the first alignment layer is formed of alignment molecules; Each of the protrusion structures includes a first surface away from the first substrate and a side surface located between the first surface and the first substrate. The side surface forms a first acute angle with a direction parallel to the first substrate, and the angle of the first acute angle is less than 50°. Optionally, the angle of the first acute angle is greater than or equal to 25° and less than or equal to 40°. Optionally, the protrusion structure includes a light-shielding unit disposed on the first substrate layer, and a plurality of the protrusion structures are disposed at intervals on the first substrate, with two adjacent protrusion structures forming an opening region.

[0006] Optionally, the surface of the light-shielding unit away from the first substrate includes the first surface and the side surface, and the end of the side surface near the first substrate is connected to the first substrate.

[0007] Optionally, the liquid crystal display panel includes a planarization layer covering the light-shielding unit and the opening area, and the protruding structure further includes the planarization layer covering the light-shielding unit, wherein the side of the planarization layer away from the light-shielding unit includes the first surface and the side surface.

[0008] Optionally, the planarization layer includes a first sub-section and a second sub-section connected to each other, the side of the first sub-section away from the light-shielding unit forming the first surface, the side of the second sub-section away from the light-shielding unit forming the side surface, and the thickness of the second sub-section portion near the first sub-section being less than the thickness of the second sub-section portion away from the first sub-section.

[0009] Optionally, the side surface includes a first sub-surface and a second sub-surface connected to each other, the first sub-surface being located between the second sub-surface and the first substrate, and the acute angle between the first sub-surface and a direction parallel to the first substrate being the first acute angle; The acute angle between the second sub-face and the direction parallel to the first substrate is the second acute angle, and the first acute angle is smaller than the second acute angle.

[0010] Optionally, the difference between the second acute angle and the first acute angle is less than 15°.

[0011] Optionally, the thickness of the light-shielding unit is 0.8 micrometers to 1.1 micrometers; and / or, The light-shielding unit is black.

[0012] Optionally, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a liquid crystal layer located on the side of the first alignment layer away from the first substrate. The first alignment layer is formed of alignment molecules, and the alignment molecules include anchoring groups and alignment groups connected to the anchoring groups. At least a portion of the anchoring groups of the alignment molecules are connected to the first substrate, and at least a portion of the anchoring groups of the alignment molecules are connected to the protrusion structure.

[0013] Optionally, the first alignment layer on the first substrate has a first transition interface with the first substrate, and the first alignment layer on the first substrate has a second transition interface with the protrusion structure; and / or, The thickness of the first alignment layer is less than 60 nanometers.

[0014] Optionally, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a first electrode layer, which covers the first substrate and the protrusion structure. The first alignment layer is located on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first substrate, and the angle between the first electrode layer on the side and the direction parallel to the first substrate is less than 50°. The first electrode layer and the first alignment layer are connected to form a transition interface.

[0015] This application's liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, raised structures disposed on the first substrate, and a first alignment layer covering the raised structures and the first substrate. The liquid crystal layer is located on the side of the first alignment layer away from the first substrate. Each raised structure includes the first substrate and a side surface located between the first surface and the first substrate. By limiting the acute angle formed between the side surface near the first substrate and the direction parallel to the first substrate to less than 50°, this application effectively suppresses the disordered alignment of liquid crystal molecules on the inclined surface of the raised structure, and has the advantages of improving the alignment stability of liquid crystal molecules, reducing dark-state light leakage, improving display contrast, and enhancing adaptability to self-alignment processes.

[0016] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another liquid crystal display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the light-shielding unit structure provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Liquid crystal display panel; 1. First substrate; 2. Raised structure; 2a. First surface; 2b. Side surface; 21a. First sub-surface; 21b. Second sub-surface; 3. First alignment layer; 21. Light-shielding unit; 22. Planarization layer; 21c. First side; 21d. Second side; 221. First sub-section; 222. Second sub-section; 223. Third sub-section; 31. First alignment molecule; 311. First anchoring group; 312. First alignment group; 4. Liquid crystal layer; 5. Second substrate; 6. Color resist unit; 7. First electrode layer; 8. Second electrode layer; 81. Second electrode; 9. Second alignment layer; 91. Second alignment molecule; 911. Second anchoring group; 912. Second alignment group; 10. Leveling layer; a. First acute angle; b. Second acute angle; c. Third acute angle. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0021] Compared to conventional PI alignment processes, the PI less process reduces the number of steps, which helps control production costs. However, the inventors encountered light leakage during practical application, leading to a decrease in crystal chromatogram (CR). Currently, traditional theories attribute this phenomenon to poor alignment performance caused by the alignment polymer. However, subsequent research revealed that light leakage is concentrated at the molecular matrix (BM) after using the PI less process, suggesting that the liquid crystal arrangement at the BM is affected. This is because conventional PI alignment processes use fluid materials, causing the PI material to form a gradually thickening plane at the corner between the BM slope and the opening region, where it accumulates. Liquid crystal molecules can then be vertically aligned on this plane. With the PI less process, this plane disappears, causing liquid crystal alignment disorder at the BM edge, exacerbating dark-state light leakage and reducing CR.

[0022] Therefore, this application provides a liquid crystal display panel 100, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1 to 2 The liquid crystal display panel 100 includes: First substrate 1; a plurality of protrusion structures 2 disposed on the first substrate 1; Each protrusion structure 2 includes a first surface 2a on the side away from the first substrate 1 and a side surface 2b located between the first surface 2a and the first substrate 1. The side surface 2b is located between the first substrate 1 and the first surface 2a, and a first acute angle α is formed between the side surface 2b and the direction parallel to the first substrate 1. The angle of the first acute angle α is less than 50°. A first alignment layer 3 covers the first surface 2a and the first substrate 1. The liquid crystal display panel 100 includes a liquid crystal layer 4 located on the side of the first alignment layer 3 away from the first substrate 1. The first alignment layer 3 is formed by first alignment molecules 31.

[0023] The liquid crystal display panel 100 of this application includes a first substrate 1, a protrusion structure 2 disposed on the first substrate 1, and a first alignment layer 3 covering the first surface 2a of the protrusion structure 2 away from the first substrate 1. Each protrusion structure 2 includes a side surface 2b located between the first surface 2a and the first substrate 1, and the side of the side surface 2b away from the first substrate 1 is connected to the first surface 2a. By limiting the acute angle formed between the side surface 2b near the first substrate 1 and the direction parallel to the first substrate 1 to be less than 50°, this application improves the orientation of liquid crystal molecules on the first alignment layer 3 formed by the first alignment molecules 31 under conditions without a PI layer, effectively suppressing the disordered orientation of liquid crystal molecules on the inclined surface of the protrusion structure 2. It has the advantages of improving the orientation stability of liquid crystal molecules, reducing dark-state light leakage, improving display contrast, and enhancing adaptability to self-alignment processes.

[0024] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, the first alignment layer 3 is directly or indirectly connected to the first substrate 1, and the first alignment layer 3 is directly or indirectly connected to the protrusion structure 2.

[0025] Furthermore, the inventors discovered that the acute angle formed between the side 2b near the first substrate 1 and the direction parallel to the first substrate 1 is greater than or equal to 25° and less than or equal to 40°, which can further improve the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel 100, for example: 25°, 28°, 30°, 35°, 38°, 40°, etc.

[0026] In some embodiments, the side surface 2b connects the first substrate 1 and the first surface 2a in the thickness direction. The protrusion structure 2 includes two side surfaces 2b, which are disposed at both ends of the first surface 2a in the length direction, and the angles of the two side surfaces 2b and the first acute angle α formed by the first substrate 1 are equal.

[0027] In this embodiment of the application, the protrusion structure 2 includes a light-shielding unit 21 disposed on the first substrate 1 layer, and a plurality of protrusion structures 2 are disposed at intervals on the first substrate 1, and two adjacent protrusion structures 2 form an opening area.

[0028] In practical applications, the light-shielding unit 21 refers to a structure that blocks light transmission. It can be made of black resin, metal film, or other materials with light-shielding properties. As part of the raised structure 2, the light-shielding unit 21 effectively integrates light-shielding and terrain control functions. The spacing of multiple raised structures 2 on the first substrate 1 can be achieved through photolithography or printing technology, ensuring that the light-shielding units 21 are evenly distributed across the display area. The opening area between two adjacent raised structures 2 is the area for light transmission; its size and shape can be adjusted according to pixel design requirements to meet display performance requirements.

[0029] Traditional PI-based alignment liquid crystal display panels 100 often have a bottom angle greater than 50° in the design of the light-shielding unit 21, and in high-end display applications, this angle is required to be further increased to improve contrast. However, this design approach is not suitable for self-aligning liquid crystal display panels 100 based on PI less technology.

[0030] For this, see Figure 1 In this embodiment, the light-shielding unit 21 forms a protrusion structure 2 independently. In this case, the surface of the light-shielding unit 21 away from the first substrate 1 includes a first surface 2a and a side surface 2b, and the end of the side surface 2b closest to the first substrate 1 is connected to the first substrate 1. Here, the first surface 2a is the surface of the light-shielding unit 21 away from the first substrate 1, and the side surface 2b refers to the portion of the light-shielding unit 21 extending from the first surface 2a to the first substrate 1. That is, both the first surface 2a and the side surface 2b are parts of the light-shielding unit 21 away from the first substrate 1. The acute angle formed after the side surface 2b closest to the first substrate 1 is connected to the first substrate 1 is the first acute angle α.

[0031] By reducing the design of the bottom corner of the light-shielding unit 21, not only can the advantage of fewer steps in the PI less self-alignment process be retained, but the problem of disordered arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in the light-shielding unit 21 can also be overcome, light leakage can be improved, and contrast can be enhanced, thus adapting to the PI less self-alignment process.

[0032] In the photolithography process of the light-shielding unit 21, the scattering effect of light rays during exposure causes an energy transition zone to form at the edge of the pattern. This, combined with the isotropic etching characteristics of the developer (which dissolves the low-exposure-energy photoresist in the transition zone both laterally and vertically), ultimately forms a two-segment corner during the development and subsequent baking stages.

[0033] Therefore, see Figure 3In this embodiment, the side surface 2b includes a first sub-surface 21a and a second sub-surface 21b connected to each other. The first sub-surface 21a is located between the second sub-surface 21b and the first substrate 1. The acute angle between the first sub-surface 21a and the direction parallel to the first substrate 1 is a first acute angle a; the acute angle between the second sub-surface 21b and the direction parallel to the first substrate 1 is a second acute angle b. However, it is necessary to control the first acute angle a to be smaller than the second acute angle b in order to avoid the light-shielding unit 21 from bulging outward in an eagle beak shape, thereby improving the contrast.

[0034] In this embodiment of the application, controlling the difference between the second acute angle b and the first acute angle a to be less than 15° can further improve the contrast.

[0035] This application also provides another solution, see [link to solution]. Figure 2 A planarization layer 22 is added to the liquid crystal display panel 100. The planarization layer 22 covers the light-shielding unit 21 and the opening area. The protruding structure 2 is jointly formed by the light-shielding unit 21 and a portion of the planarization layer 22 covering the light-shielding unit 21. The side of the planarization layer 22 away from the light-shielding unit 21 includes a first surface 2a and a side surface 2b. At this time, both the first surface 2a and the side surface 2b are part of the planarization layer 22. The planarization layer 22 not only completely wraps the light-shielding unit 21 and covers the uneven topography of the light-shielding unit 21, but also avoids the liquid crystal molecule arrangement disorder caused by the steep edge formed by the direct exposure of the light-shielding unit 21, thereby improving the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel 100.

[0036] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the planarization layer 22 refers to a functional coating used to improve surface morphology and reduce topographic differences. The raw material of the planarization layer 22 is a fluid material, such as an array polymer film material and / or polyimide.

[0037] In some embodiments, the planarization layer 22 includes a first sub-part 221 and a second sub-part 222 connected to each other. The side of the first sub-part 221 away from the light-shielding unit 21 forms a first surface 2a, and the side of the second sub-part 222 away from the light-shielding unit 21 forms a side surface 2b. The thickness of the portion of the second sub-part 222 near the first sub-part 221 is less than the thickness of the portion of the second sub-part 222 away from the first sub-part 221. Thus, the portion of the second sub-part 222 away from the first sub-part 221 connects with the adjacent portion of the planarization layer 22 in the opening region to form a connecting surface, thereby optimizing the orientation of liquid crystal molecules at the edge of the protruding structure 2 and improving contrast.

[0038] It should be noted that the side 2b of the second sub-part 222 away from the first sub-part 221 can be a plane or a curved surface. When it is a curved surface, it can be a curved surface that is concave in the direction close to the first substrate 1. In this case, the first acute angle a is the acute angle formed by the tangent of the curved surface and the direction parallel to the first substrate 1.

[0039] In some embodiments, the planarization layer 22 further includes a third sub-part 223, which is located at the end of the second sub-part 222 away from the first sub-part 221 and covers the first substrate 1 of the opening area. The thickness of the second sub-part 222 near the end of the first sub-part 221 is less than the thickness of the second sub-part 222 near the third sub-part 223.

[0040] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the thickness of the first sub-part 221 and the second sub-part 222 is the thickness in the stacking direction of the planarization layer 22 and the light-shielding unit 21, while the thickness of the third sub-part 223 is the thickness in the stacking direction of the planarization layer 22 and the first substrate 1.

[0041] In the scheme in which the light-shielding unit 21 and the flat layer portion covering the light-shielding unit 21 together constitute the protruding structure 2, the light-shielding unit 21 includes a first side 21c parallel to the substrate and a second side 21d connecting the first substrate 1 and the first side 21c in the thickness direction. The second side 21d forms a third acute angle c with the first substrate 1, and the angle of the third acute angle c is less than 50°.

[0042] In some embodiments, the light-shielding unit 21 includes two second sides 21d, which are disposed at both ends of the first side 21c in the length direction.

[0043] In this embodiment, the thickness of the light-shielding unit 21 is adjusted according to actual needs. In some embodiments, the thickness of the light-shielding unit 21 is 0.8 micrometers (μm) to 1.1 μm, for example: 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1.0 μm, 1.1 μm, etc. In some preferred embodiments, the thickness of the light-shielding unit 21 is 0.9-1.0 μm.

[0044] In this embodiment, the light-shielding unit 21 is black to ensure that the light-shielding unit 21 has a good light-shielding effect.

[0045] In this embodiment, the thickness of the planarization layer 22 is adjusted according to actual needs. In some embodiments, the thickness of the planarization layer 22 is 0.7-1.5μm, such as 0.7μm, 0.8μm, 1.0μm, 1.2μm, 1.5μm, etc.

[0046] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal display panel 100 further includes a second substrate 5 disposed opposite to the first substrate 1, a plurality of color resist units 6 disposed on the second substrate 5, and the color resist units 6 and the protrusion structure 2 are located between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 5.

[0047] In this embodiment, the multiple color resist units 6 include a red color resist unit 6, a green color resist unit 6, and a blue color resist unit 6. The color resist unit 6 selectively filters light using the three primary colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), allowing only the primary color light of the corresponding wavelength in the white light emitted by the backlight module to pass through. At the same time, in conjunction with the grayscale control of the liquid crystal layer 4, it achieves full-color image display through the additive color mixing principle. The color resist unit 6 adopts a pixelated partitioning design, and the light-shielding unit 21 on the first substrate 1 isolates stray light from adjacent pixels to improve display contrast and color purity.

[0048] In some embodiments, at least a portion of each color resist unit 6 is projected onto the first substrate 1 in the opening region, thereby ensuring that light selectively transmitted through the color resist unit 6 passes through the first substrate 1.

[0049] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal display panel 100 further includes a second alignment layer 9, which covers the color resist unit 6 and the second substrate 5.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 4 is located between the first alignment layer 3 and the second alignment layer 9.

[0051] In some embodiments, a first transition interface is provided between the first alignment layer 3 on the first substrate 1 and the first substrate 1, and a second transition interface is provided between the first alignment layer 3 on the first substrate 1 and the protrusion structure 2.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first alignment layer 3 formed by the first alignment molecule 31 in the PI less process is directly or indirectly connected to the first substrate 1 through molecular anchoring, and is also directly or indirectly connected to the protrusion structure 2 through molecular anchoring. Therefore, a transition interface is formed between the generated first alignment layer 3 and the connected functional layer, and the alignment layer generated in the PI process often has obvious layering.

[0053] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the term "transition interface" refers to a situation where there is no obvious delamination between the first alignment layer 3 and the connected functional layer, and the first coordination layer and the functional layer directly connected to it are formed by chemical bonding, and its composition and / or physical morphology change continuously along the direction of the first alignment layer 3 from the functional layer connected to the first alignment layer 3.

[0054] Typically, the alignment layer formed by alignment molecules is thinner than the alignment layer formed by PI process. In some embodiments, the thickness of the first alignment layer 3 is less than 60 nanometers (nm), such as 59nm, 55nm, 53nm, 50nm, 45nm, 40nm, 35nm, 32nm, 30nm, 28nm, 25nm, etc.

[0055] In some embodiments, the first alignment layer 3 and / or the second alignment layer 9 are both alignment layers formed by self-alignment technology; Specifically, the first alignment layer 3 is formed by a first alignment molecule 31, and the second alignment layer 9 is formed by a second alignment molecule 91. The first alignment molecule 31 includes a first anchoring group 311 and a first alignment group 312. At least a portion of the first anchoring group 311 is directly or indirectly connected to the first substrate 1, and at least a portion of the first anchoring group 311 is directly or indirectly connected to the protrusion structure 2. The pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules near the first alignment layer 3 is induced by the first alignment group 312. The second alignment molecule 91 includes a second anchoring group 911 and a second alignment group 912. At least a portion of the second anchoring group 911 is directly or indirectly connected to the second substrate 5, and at least a portion of the second alignment group 912 is directly or indirectly connected to the color resist unit 6. The pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules near the second alignment layer 9 is induced by the second alignment group 912.

[0056] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, after the anchoring group is connected to the functional layer directly connected to it, a transition interface is formed.

[0057] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal display panel 100 further includes a first electrode layer 7, which simultaneously covers the protrusion structure 2 and the first substrate 1, and a first alignment layer 3 is located on the surface of the first electrode layer 7 away from the first substrate 1; the first electrode layer 7 and the first alignment layer 3 form a transition interface (i.e., the transition interface is formed by the direct contact between the first electrode layer 7 and the first alignment layer 3).

[0058] In some embodiments, the angle between the first electrode layer 7 covering the side 2b and the direction parallel to the first substrate 1 is less than 50°.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first electrode layer 7 covering the first surface 2a is parallel to the first surface 2a, and the first electrode layer 7 covering the side surface 2b is parallel to the side surface 2b.

[0060] In some embodiments, the liquid crystal display panel 100 further includes a leveling layer 10 and a second electrode layer 8 stacked sequentially. The leveling layer 10 is located between the second electrode layer 8 and the color resist unit 6. The second electrode layer 8 includes a plurality of arrayed second electrodes 81. The second alignment layer 9 is formed by second alignment molecules 91 connected to the surface of the leveling layer 10 away from the second substrate 5 and second alignment molecules 91 connected to the surface of the second electrode 81 away from the leveling layer 10.

[0061] In this embodiment of the application, the fabrication process (PI less process) of the first alignment layer 3 and the second alignment layer 9 is as follows: Provides a liquid crystal display panel 100 to be aligned; The liquid crystal display panel 100 to be aligned includes a liquid crystal composition between a first substrate 1 and a second substrate 5. The liquid crystal composition includes a bulk liquid crystal and a liquid crystal additive. The liquid crystal additive includes a reactive liquid crystal and a self-assembly additive. The reactive liquid crystal can react with the self-assembly additive to generate alignment molecules. The general formula for the self-assembly additive is shown in formula (1): (1) A 1 A 2 A 3 Each independently represents an aromatic group, heteroaromatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or... It may also contain fused rings, A 1 A 2 A 3 Can be group L or Sp P 0 Single or multiple substitutions, The occurrence of L, whether the same or different, indicates H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN NO2 NCO, NCS, OCN SCN, C(=O)N(R 0 2. C(=O)R 0 Optionally substituted silyl groups, optionally substituted aryl or cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, or straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups, alkyl carbonyl groups, alkoxy carbonyl groups, alkyl carbonyloxy groups, or alkoxy carbonyloxy groups, wherein one or more additional H atoms may be replaced by F or Cl respectively. Among them, P 0 _ indicates a polymerizable group, and Sp indicates a spacer group or a single bond; Z 2 Z 3 Single bonds can be represented independently of each other in various situations. O , S , CO , CO O , OCO , O CO O , OCH2 、 CH2O 、 SCH2 、 CH2S 、 CF2O 、 OCF2 、 CF2S 、 SCF2 、 (CH2) n1 、 CF2CH2 、 CH2CF2 、 (CF2) n1 、 CH=CH 、 CF=CF 、 C≡C 、 CH=CH COO 、 OCO CH=CH 、 (CR 0 R 00 ) n1 、 CH( Sp P 0 ) 、 CH2CH( Sp P 0 ) 或 CH( Sp P 0 )CH( Sp PX 0 ) , n1 represents 0 or 1,<00​​In various cases, they independently represent alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. R 00 In various cases, H or alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms are represented independently of each other. R1 represents H, halogen, straight-chain, branched, cyclic alkyl, or carbon atoms having 1 to 25 carbon atoms. One or more other non-adjacent CH2 groups can each be […]. O , S , CO , CO O , O CO or O CO O The O and / or S atoms are replaced in a manner in which they are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the other H atoms may be replaced by F or Cl, or groups. Sp P 0 ; R a The following formula represents the anchoring group;

[0062] in, R3, R4, and R5 each independently represent H, OH, F, Cl, Br, CN, SCN, NCS, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1-10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2-10 carbon atoms, or an alkynyl or alkynoxy group having 2-10 carbon atoms; wherein the terminal groups of R3, R4, and R5 may be substituted with OH, CN, or CF3, and one or more CH2 groups in R3, R4, and R5 may be substituted with -O-, -S-, -CO-, -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2CH2-, -CH2O, -OCH2-, -CH=CH-, or -C≡C-, and the heteroatoms may not be directly bonded, and one or more H groups may be substituted with F, Cl, Br, or I.

[0063] At least one of the groups represented by R3, R4, and R5 has a hydroxyl terminal group.

[0064] c represents an integer from 0 to 10.

[0065] Z1 represents a single bond, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2CH2-, -CH2O, -OCH2-, -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, or an alkylene group with 1-10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms, and any non-adjacent CH2 group can be substituted by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2CH2-, -CH2O, -OCH2-, -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, and one or more H atoms in the group can be substituted by F, Cl, Br, I.

[0066] Sp-P 0 Sub-formulas selected from Equation I to Equation II Ⅰ II d represents an integer from 0 to 10.

[0067] Z2 represents a single bond, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2CH2-, -CH2O, -OCH2-, -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, or an alkylene group with 1-10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms, and any non-adjacent CH2 group can be substituted by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2CH2-, -CH2O, -OCH2-, -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, and one or more H atoms in the group can be substituted by F, Cl, Br, I; The liquid crystal display panel 100 to be aligned is powered on and subjected to its first UV irradiation. Remove the electric field and proceed with a second UV irradiation.

[0068] In the embodiments of this application, the self-assembly additive provided contains R a The group has at least one hydroxyl group, which allows it to form an anchoring group by reacting with groups on the directly connected functional layer. It is then self-assembled onto the components of the liquid crystal display panel 100 to be aligned. During the power-on and first UV irradiation, the pretilt angle is fixed, and the polymer layer network is initially formed. During the second UV irradiation, the remaining reactive liquid crystal and self-assembly additives react to form the first alignment layer 3 and the second alignment layer 9.

[0069] In some embodiments, There is at least one Sp-P 0 Group.

[0070] In some embodiments, the reactive liquid crystal has at least one Sp-P 0 Group.

[0071] It is understood that the self-assembly additives in the embodiments of this application are selected from commercially available or publicly disclosed materials.

[0072] In this embodiment, the first substrate 1 is an opposing substrate, the second substrate 5 is an array substrate, and the liquid crystal display panel 100 is a VA liquid crystal display panel.

[0073] It is understood that the liquid crystal display panel 100 of this application may also include other components, which will not be listed one by one.

[0074] This application provides liquid crystal display panels for Embodiments 1 to 3, Comparative Example 1, and a reference liquid crystal display panel, wherein: See Figure 2 The liquid crystal display panel 100 of Embodiment 1 includes a first substrate 1 and a second substrate 5 disposed opposite to each other; Multiple light-shielding units 21 are spaced apart on the first substrate 1; Simultaneously covering the light-shielding unit 21 and the planarization layer 22 of the first substrate 1; A first electrode layer 7 is covered on the planarization layer 22, and the first electrode layer 7 is located between the second substrate 5 and the planarization layer 22. Multiple color resist units 6 are arranged in an array on the second substrate 5; Leveling layer 10 covering color resist unit 6; A second electrode layer 8 is disposed on the leveling layer 10. The second electrode layer 8 includes a plurality of second electrodes 81 arranged at intervals. The second electrodes 81 are located between the first electrode layer 7 and the leveling layer 10. A first alignment molecule 31 connected to the first electrode layer 7 forms a first alignment layer 3. The first alignment molecule 31 includes a first anchoring group 311 and a first alignment group 312. The first anchoring group 311 is connected to the first electrode layer 7. The second alignment molecule 91 connected to the second electrode 81 and the second alignment molecule 91 connected to the leveling layer 10 between adjacent second electrodes 81 together form the second alignment layer 9. The second alignment molecule 91 includes a second anchoring group 911 and a second alignment group 912. The second alignment molecule 91 connected to the second electrode 81 and the leveling layer 10 are both connected through the second anchoring group 911. Furthermore, in the liquid crystal layer 4 between the first alignment layer 3 and the second alignment layer 9, the pretilt angle near the first alignment layer 3 is induced by the first alignment molecule 31, and the liquid crystal molecules near the second alignment layer 9 are induced by the second alignment molecule 91.

[0075] Each light-shielding unit 21 and the corresponding flat layer 22 covering the light-shielding unit 21 together form a raised structure 2, and an opening area is formed between two adjacent raised structures 2.

[0076] The light-shielding unit 21 includes a first side 21c that is away from the first substrate 1 and two second sides 21d that connect the first substrate 1 and the first side in the thickness direction. The two second sides are respectively disposed at both ends of the first side 21c in the length direction. The second side 21d forms an acute angle c of 51° with the first substrate 1. The planarization layer 22 includes a first sub-part 221, two second sub-parts 222 and a third sub-part 223. The two second sub-parts 222 are disposed at both ends of the first sub-part 221 in the length direction. The side of the first sub-part 221 away from the light-shielding unit 21 forms a first surface 2a of the protrusion structure 2 parallel to the first substrate 1. The side of the second sub-part 222 away from the light-shielding unit 21 forms a side surface 2b of the protrusion structure 2. The side surface 2b is located between the first substrate 1 and the first surface 2a. The side surface 2b forms a first acute angle α with the direction parallel to the first substrate 1. The third sub-part 223 is connected to the end of the second sub-part 222 away from the first sub-part 221, and the third sub-part 223 covers the first substrate 1 of the opening area. The thickness of the second sub-part 222 near the end of the first sub-part 221 is less than the thickness of the second sub-part 222 near the third sub-part 223. The second side 21d forms an acute angle of 51° with the first substrate 1. When the thickness of the second sub-part 222 near the end of the first sub-part 221 is less than the thickness of the second sub-part 222 near the third sub-part 223, the first acute angle a formed by the side 2b near the first substrate 1 in the direction parallel to the first substrate 1 is less than 50°.

[0077] See Figure 1 The structure of the liquid crystal display panel 100 in Embodiment 2 is the same as that of the liquid crystal display panel 100 in Embodiment 1. The difference is that, compared with Embodiment 1, the liquid crystal display panel 100 in Embodiment 2 does not have a planarization layer 22. The protruding structure 2 is formed by a light-shielding unit 21 alone. The surface of the light-shielding unit 21 away from the first substrate 1 includes a first surface 2a and a side surface 2b. The side surface 2b connects the first surface 2a to the first substrate 1. The angle between the side surface 2b and the direction parallel to the first substrate 1 forms a first acute angle α of 38°.

[0078] The structure of the liquid crystal display panel 100 in Embodiment 3 is the same as that of the liquid crystal display panel 100 in Embodiment 1. The difference is that the acute angle c formed between the second side 21d and the first substrate 1 is 38°. After the planarization layer 22 is added, the first acute angle a is less than 38°.

[0079] The liquid crystal display panel structure of Comparative Example 1 is the same as that of the liquid crystal display panel 100 in Embodiment 2, except that the angle α between the side 2b and the direction parallel to the first substrate 1 is 51°. It is understood that the first alignment layer 3 and the second alignment layer 9 in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 are all prepared based on the PI less process, that is, the first alignment layer 3 and the first electrode layer 7 will form a transition interface.

[0080] Referring to the liquid crystal display panel structure of Embodiment 1, the difference is that the reference liquid crystal display panel does not have a planarization layer 22, and the first alignment layer 3 and the second alignment layer 9 are formed based on the PI process. That is, the first alignment layer 3 and the second alignment layer 9 include a substrate and a groove structure formed on the surface of the substrate near the liquid crystal layer 4. The substrate material includes PI, and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules is induced by the groove structure and the groups on the PI. The parameters of the liquid crystal display panel 100 of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 1: Table 1

[0081] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the CR value in Table 1 is L255 / L0; L255: Represents the screen brightness when displaying a pure white image (RGB value 255, 255, 255).

[0082] L0: Represents the screen brightness when displaying a pure black image (RGB value 0, 0, 0).

[0083] In Table 1, the bottom corner of the light-shielding unit 21 in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 3 and the reference liquid crystal display panel 100 is the acute angle (c) formed by the second side of the light-shielding unit 21 and the first substrate 1, while the bottom corner of the light-shielding unit 21 in Embodiment 2 and Comparative Example 1 is the acute angle (first acute angle a) formed by the side 2b and the first substrate 1.

[0084] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with Comparative Example 1, in Examples 1 to 3, when the angle of the first acute angle a is less than 50°, the CR value is increased to more than 5750, which is closer to the traditional liquid crystal display panel 100 based on the PI process. In other words, the design structure when the angle of the first acute angle a is less than 50° is more compatible with the self-alignment process. Furthermore, compared to Example 1, in Example 2, the protrusion structure 2 formed solely by the light-shielding unit 21 has a more significant CR improvement than the protrusion structure 2 formed by the light-shielding unit 21 and the planarization layer 22, when only the acute angle formed between the side 2b of the protrusion structure 2 and the first substrate 1 is controlled; and in Example 2, only two processes are required from the light-shielding unit 21 to the alignment, simplifying the process flow.

[0085] Compared to Example 2, in Example 3, the CR of the protrusion structure 2 formed by the light-shielding unit 21 and the planarization layer 22 is further improved after the acute angle formed between the second side of the light-shielding unit 21 and the first substrate 1 is limited to less than 50°.

[0086] The liquid crystal display panel 100 of this application includes a first substrate 1, a protrusion structure 2 disposed on the first substrate 1, and a first alignment layer 3 covering the first surface 2a of the protrusion structure 2 away from the first substrate 1. Each protrusion structure 2 includes a side surface 2b located between the first surface 2a and the first substrate 1, and the side surface 2b is located at the connection between the first substrate 1 and the first surface 2a. This application effectively suppresses the disordered alignment of liquid crystal molecules on the inclined surface of the protrusion structure 2 by limiting the acute angle between the side surface 2b and the direction parallel to the first substrate 1 to less than 50°. It has the advantages of improving the alignment stability of liquid crystal molecules, reducing dark-state light leakage, improving display contrast, and enhancing adaptability to self-alignment processes.

[0087] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0088] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0089] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0090] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal display panel, characterized in that, The liquid crystal display panel includes: First substrate; Multiple protrusion structures are disposed on the first substrate; A first alignment layer covers the first substrate and the protrusion structure; and A liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer is located on the side of the first alignment layer away from the first substrate, and the first alignment layer is formed of alignment molecules; Each of the protrusion structures includes a first surface away from the first substrate and a side surface located between the first surface and the first substrate, wherein the side surface forms a first acute angle with a direction parallel to the first substrate, and the angle of the first acute angle is less than 50°.

2. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle of the first acute angle is greater than or equal to 25° and less than or equal to 40°.

3. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protrusion structure includes a light-shielding unit disposed on the first substrate layer, and a plurality of the protrusion structures are disposed at intervals on the first substrate, with two adjacent protrusion structures forming an opening region.

4. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The surface of the light-shielding unit away from the first substrate includes the first surface and the side surface, and the end of the side surface near the first substrate is connected to the first substrate.

5. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid crystal display panel includes a planarization layer that covers the light-shielding unit and the opening area. The protruding structure also includes the planarization layer covering the light-shielding unit. The side of the planarization layer away from the light-shielding unit includes the first surface and the side surface.

6. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The planarization layer includes a first sub-section and a second sub-section connected to each other. The side of the first sub-section away from the light-shielding unit forms the first surface, and the side of the second sub-section away from the light-shielding unit forms the side surface. The thickness of the second sub-section portion located near the first sub-section is less than the thickness of the second sub-section portion located away from the first sub-section.

7. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side surface includes a first sub-surface and a second sub-surface connected to each other. The first sub-surface is located between the second sub-surface and the first substrate. The acute angle between the first sub-surface and the direction parallel to the first substrate is the first acute angle. The acute angle between the second sub-face and the direction parallel to the first substrate is the second acute angle, and the first acute angle is smaller than the second acute angle.

8. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The difference between the second acute angle and the first acute angle is less than 15°.

9. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the light-shielding unit is 0.8 micrometers to 1.1 micrometers; and / or, The light-shielding unit is black.

10. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alignment molecule includes an anchoring group and an alignment group connected to the anchoring group; at least a portion of the anchoring groups of the alignment molecule are connected to the first substrate, and at least a portion of the anchoring groups of the alignment molecule are connected to the protrusion structure.

11. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first alignment layer located on the first substrate has a first transition interface with the first substrate, and the first alignment layer located on the first substrate has a second transition interface with the protrusion structure; and / or, The thickness of the first alignment layer is less than 60 nanometers.

12. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid crystal display panel further includes a first electrode layer, which covers the first substrate and the protrusion structure. The first alignment layer is located on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first substrate, and the angle between the first electrode layer on the side and the direction parallel to the first substrate is less than 50°. The first electrode layer and the first alignment layer are connected to form a transition interface.

Images