Communication link switching method and device, equipment, storage medium and computer program product

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication link switching method, which is used for solving the problems of low switching success rate, frequent ping-pong switching and the like in a fusion scene due to the fact that an existing switching scheme does not fully consider the difference of a satellite-ground heterogeneous network in the aspects of signal propagation, coverage characteristics, user movement modes and the like. The method comprises the following steps: determining a current service cell type corresponding to user equipment (UE); determining a switching condition corresponding to user equipment (UE) according to the current service cell type; according to communication data between user equipment (UE) and the current service cell, judging whether the UE meets a switching condition or not; and when the user equipment UE satisfies a switching condition, determining a plurality of candidate target cells, selecting a main cell and an auxiliary cell from the plurality of candidate target cells according to a tabu search algorithm, and controlling the user equipment UE to switch from a current service cell to the main cell and the auxiliary cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a communication link switching method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and computer program product. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Network (STIN) has become an important evolution direction for future communication systems. In STIN networks, user terminals (UEs) can seamlessly access both low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites and terrestrial base stations to achieve wide-area coverage and high-reliability communication. However, due to factors such as the high-speed movement of satellites, differences in coverage and link characteristics between terrestrial and space networks, and user mobility, the handover process in STIN environments faces severe challenges.

[0003] In existing technologies, handover (HO) mechanisms are mainly based on procedures defined in 3GPP standard protocols (such as TS 38.300), such as Conditional Handover (CHO) based on the Xn interface. Furthermore, existing research has attempted to apply methods such as multi-agent reinforcement learning to LEO satellite access and handover to improve system throughput and reduce handover frequency.

[0004] However, existing handover solutions still have significant shortcomings when dealing with satellite-terrestrial converged networking scenarios. First, most solutions are designed only for homogeneous networks (such as purely satellite or purely terrestrial networks), failing to fully consider the differences in signal propagation, coverage characteristics, and user mobility patterns between heterogeneous satellite and terrestrial networks. This leads to low handover success rates and frequent ping-pong handovers in converged scenarios. Second, existing algorithms struggle to efficiently optimize in large-scale user and complex network environments, lacking systematic integration and optimization of multi-attribute decisions (such as throughput, load balancing, and user speed). Furthermore, traditional methods do not comprehensively consider latency, link interruption, and user experience assurance during the handover process, making it difficult to meet the future demand for "seamless handover" from high-reliability, low-latency communication services.

[0005] Therefore, how to achieve efficient and stable communication switching in the complex network environment of satellite-ground integration has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a communication link handover method to address the problems of existing handover schemes failing to fully consider the differences in signal propagation, coverage characteristics, and user mobility patterns between satellite and ground heterogeneous networks, resulting in low handover success rates and frequent ping-pong handovers in converged scenarios.

[0007] This application also provides a communication link switching device to solve the problems of low success rate and frequent ping-pong switching in converged scenarios caused by existing switching schemes failing to fully consider the differences in signal propagation, coverage characteristics and user mobility patterns of heterogeneous satellite and ground networks.

[0008] This application also provides a communication link switching device to solve the problems of low success rate and frequent ping-pong switching in converged scenarios caused by existing switching schemes failing to fully consider the differences in signal propagation, coverage characteristics and user mobility patterns of heterogeneous satellite and ground networks.

[0009] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium to address the problem that existing handover schemes fail to fully consider the differences in signal propagation, coverage characteristics, and user mobility patterns between satellite and ground heterogeneous networks, resulting in low handover success rates and frequent ping-pong handovers in converged scenarios.

[0010] A computer program product is provided to address the problem that existing handover schemes fail to adequately consider the differences in signal propagation, coverage characteristics, and user mobility patterns between satellite and ground heterogeneous networks, resulting in low handover success rates and frequent ping-pong handovers in converged scenarios.

[0011] The embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions: A communication link handover method includes: determining the current serving cell type corresponding to a user equipment (UE), wherein the serving cell type includes satellite serving cells and terrestrial serving cells; determining handover conditions corresponding to the UE based on the current serving cell type; determining whether the UE meets the handover conditions based on communication data between the UE and the current serving cell; when the UE meets the handover conditions, determining multiple candidate target cells, and selecting a primary cell and a secondary cell from the multiple candidate target cells according to a tabu search algorithm with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, and controlling the UE to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell to establish dual connectivity; wherein the overall system performance index is determined jointly based on system throughput, network load data, and the UE's movement speed.

[0012] A communication link handover device includes: a type determination unit, configured to determine the current serving cell type corresponding to a user equipment (UE), wherein the serving cell type includes satellite serving cells and terrestrial serving cells; a handover condition determination unit, configured to determine the handover condition corresponding to the UE based on the current serving cell type; a judgment unit, configured to determine whether the UE meets the handover condition based on communication data between the UE and the current serving cell; and a handover unit, configured to, when the UE meets the handover condition, determine multiple candidate target cells, and, based on a tabu search algorithm, select a primary cell and a secondary cell from the multiple candidate target cells with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, and control the UE to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell to establish dual connectivity; wherein the overall system performance index is determined jointly based on system throughput, network load data, and the UE's movement speed.

[0013] A communication link switching device, comprising: The system includes a processor and a memory configured to store computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the processor to perform the following operations: determining the current serving cell type corresponding to a user equipment (UE), wherein the serving cell type includes satellite serving cells and terrestrial serving cells; determining handover conditions corresponding to the UE based on the current serving cell type; determining whether the UE meets the handover conditions based on communication data between the UE and the current serving cell; when the UE meets the handover conditions, determining multiple candidate target cells, and selecting a primary cell and a secondary cell from the multiple candidate target cells according to a tabu search algorithm with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, and controlling the UE to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell to establish dual connectivity; wherein the overall system performance index is determined jointly based on system throughput, network load data, and the UE's movement speed.

[0014] A computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs that, when executed by an electronic device including multiple applications, cause the electronic device to perform the following operations: determining the current serving cell type corresponding to a user equipment (UE), wherein the serving cell type includes satellite serving cells and terrestrial serving cells; determining handover conditions corresponding to the UE based on the current serving cell type; determining whether the UE meets the handover conditions based on communication data between the UE and the current serving cell; when the UE meets the handover conditions, determining multiple candidate target cells, selecting a primary cell and a secondary cell from the multiple candidate target cells according to a tabu search algorithm with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, and controlling the UE to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell to establish dual connectivity; wherein the overall system performance index is determined jointly based on system throughput, network load data, and the UE's movement speed.

[0015] A computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following: determining the current serving cell type corresponding to a user equipment (UE), wherein the serving cell type includes satellite serving cells and terrestrial serving cells; determining handover conditions corresponding to the UE based on the current serving cell type; determining whether the UE meets the handover conditions based on communication data between the UE and the current serving cell; when the UE meets the handover conditions, determining multiple candidate target cells, and selecting a primary cell and a secondary cell from the multiple candidate target cells according to a tabu search algorithm with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, and controlling the UE to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell to establish dual connectivity; wherein the overall system performance index is determined jointly based on system throughput, network load data, and the UE's movement speed.

[0016] The above-described technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application can achieve the following beneficial effects: The communication link handover method provided in this application embodiment can determine the current serving cell type corresponding to the user equipment (UE), and determine the handover conditions corresponding to the UE based on the current serving cell type. Then, based on the communication data between the UE and the current serving cell, it can be determined whether the UE meets the handover conditions. When it is determined that the UE meets the handover conditions, multiple candidate target cells are determined. Based on the tabu search algorithm, with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, a primary cell and a secondary cell are selected from the multiple candidate target cells. The UE is then controlled to switch from the current serving cell to the primary and secondary cells to establish dual connectivity. The communication link handover method provided in this application embodiment, on the one hand, employs tabu search (Tabu Search)... The Search algorithm addresses the complex combinatorial optimization problem of handover target selection. By systematically generating and evaluating neighborhood solutions and utilizing a tabu list mechanism to avoid circular searches, this algorithm effectively performs global exploration within a vast solution space. Compared to traditional greedy algorithms or simple fuzzy logic methods, the method provided in this application can more intelligently and accurately find near-globally optimal handover target combinations (primary and secondary cells) in satellite-to-ground fusion scenarios with large-scale users and multiple candidate cells. Furthermore, by introducing a dual-connectivity architecture, user equipment can simultaneously handover to one primary and one secondary cell, ensuring that at least one link remains connected throughout the handover process, significantly reducing the impact of link-related issues. The handover failure (HOF) and call drop rate caused by momentary interruptions are effectively guaranteed to ensure the continuity and stability of communication, especially for high-speed mobile users or satellite links with severe signal fluctuations. Finally, the communication link handover method provided in this application deeply integrates the judgment of handover conditions with the Conditional Handover (CHO) mechanism. It defines trigger conditions differently (such as using elevation angle or SINR) according to whether the current serving cell is satellite or terrestrial, making the judgment criteria more in line with the actual characteristics of the network. In the execution phase of CHO, by comprehensively comparing the link quality of the source cell and the target cell, it ensures that handover is only performed when the quality of the target cell is significantly better than that of the source cell, which significantly reduces the number of ping-pong handovers and enhances the stability of the entire network. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a communication link switching method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a specific structure of a dual-connectivity network model provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a dual-connection switching method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of a communication link switching device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of a communication link switching device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] This application provides a communication link handover method to address the problem that existing handover schemes fail to fully consider the differences in signal propagation, coverage characteristics, and user mobility patterns between satellite and ground heterogeneous networks, resulting in low handover success rates and frequent ping-pong handovers in converged scenarios.

[0020] The execution subject of the communication link switching method provided in this application embodiment may be, but is not limited to, at least one of a link management server, a communication server, and a link switching server; in addition, the execution subject of the method may also be the system or application itself running on these servers.

[0021] For ease of description, the following description uses a link switching system as the execution subject of this method as an example to introduce its implementation. It should be understood that using a link switching system as the execution subject is merely an illustrative example and should not be construed as a limitation of the method.

[0022] The schematic diagram of the specific implementation process of the communication link switching method provided in this application is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the main steps include the following: Step 11: Determine the current serving cell type corresponding to the user equipment (UE); The types of service cells include satellite service cells and terrestrial service cells.

[0023] In this embodiment of the application, the network side (such as the source master node MN) needs to determine whether the serving cell currently connected to the user equipment UE is a satellite serving cell or a terrestrial serving cell.

[0024] In one implementation, the network side can determine the serving cell type currently connected to the user equipment (UE) in several ways, including: Method 1: The network side can determine the serving cell type based on the globally unique identifier of the serving cell (such as the gNB ID). For example, the identifier of a satellite base station is assigned within a specific number range, or its identifier contains information indicating the network type. Therefore, the network side can determine the serving cell type by identifying the specified number range or specified information in the globally unique identifier.

[0025] Method 2: The network side can determine the serving cell type based on the measurement report reported by the user equipment (UE). Specifically, the measurement report reported by the UE may contain an indication of the type of the measured cell, and the network side can determine the type of the current serving cell by parsing the measurement report reported by the user equipment (UE).

[0026] Step 12: Determine the handover conditions corresponding to the User Equipment (UE) based on the current serving cell type determined by executing Step 11. It should be noted that the existing communication link switching triggering conditions generally only apply to homogeneous networks that only have terrestrial base stations or only have satellites. They are obviously not applicable to heterogeneous networks where terrestrial base stations and satellites coexist.

[0027] To enable communication handover in heterogeneous satellite-to-ground networks, this application embodiment sets different handover conditions tailored to the characteristics of heterogeneous satellite-to-ground networks, as follows: 1. Handover conditions set for the current serving cell being a satellite serving cell: Specifically, for satellite-serving cells, the handover conditions include the elevation angle between the user equipment (UE) and the currently connected satellite being lower than a first threshold.

[0028] Due to the high-speed motion of low-Earth orbit satellites, the change in their elevation angle relative to ground-based user equipment (UEs) is the primary cause of link quality variations and coverage loss. Compared to signal strength, elevation angle is a more stable parameter and a better predictor of satellite visibility time. Using elevation angle as a criterion allows for earlier and more accurate prediction of impending satellite link interruptions.

[0029] In this embodiment, the satellite's ephemeris position can be used as a reference to determine its elevation angle based on the satellite's position and the user equipment (UE)'s position information. The minimum elevation angle (which can be increased by an offset) is used as a threshold. If it is less than the minimum elevation angle, the handover condition is determined to be met.

[0030] 2. Handover conditions set for the current serving cell being a ground serving cell: Since signal attenuation in terrestrial cellular networks is mainly caused by path loss, shadowing fading, and multipath effects, directly using SINR or RSRP can most intuitively reflect the communication quality of the current link. Therefore, in this embodiment of the application, for a terrestrial serving cell, the handover condition includes: the signal quality received by the user equipment (UE) is lower than a second threshold. Here, signal quality typically refers to the reference signal received power (RSRP) or the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment of the application, a threshold value for SINR can be set based on the SINR in the measurement information uploaded by the user equipment (UE). When the SINR received by the user equipment (UE) is less than or equal to this threshold value, it is determined that the handover condition is met.

[0032] Step 13: Determine whether the user equipment (UE) meets the handover conditions based on the communication data between the UE and the current serving cell; Specifically, in this embodiment of the application, the network side continuously receives measurement reports reported by the user equipment (UE). By analyzing the measurement reports, the communication data between the user equipment (UE) and the current serving cell can be obtained. Then, based on the handover conditions determined in step 12, it is determined whether the user equipment (UE) meets the handover conditions.

[0033] To avoid the ping-pong effect, this application introduces a Time To Trigger (TTT) mechanism. That is, when the measured value (elevation angle or SINR) first meets the switching condition, a TTT timer is started. Only if the condition is continuously met before the TTT timer expires is it ultimately determined that the "switching condition is met," and subsequent steps are executed. This avoids making immediate switching decisions based on instantaneous signal quality, thus effectively preventing the ping-pong effect.

[0034] Step 14: When the user equipment (UE) meets the handover conditions by executing step 13, multiple candidate target cells are determined. Based on the tabu search algorithm, with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, a primary cell and a secondary cell are selected from the multiple candidate target cells.

[0035] In the embodiments of this application, as shown in... Figure 2 Taking the communication scenario shown as an example, the handover decision algorithm designed in this application embodiment will be explained in detail.

[0036] by Figure 2Taking the communication scenario shown as an example, in the Condition Handover (CHO) scenario of Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Network (STIN), assuming there are N users in the network, represented as U={u1,u2,...,u...} N}. Where each vector u j ={l j ,v j ,b j}(j=1,...,N), representing the user's location information l j The moving speed v of the user equipment (UE) j and the required bandwidth b j .

[0037] Assuming, such as Figure 2 The network shown contains M networks, including S satellite networks and MS terrestrial base station networks, denoted as M = {m1, ..., m}. S ,m (S+1) ,...,m M}, where each vector m m ={l m ,h m ,b m} represents the bandwidth b that the satellite or base station can provide, respectively. m and their location information m and height h m The height of the base station is 0, i.e., h. m =0(S+1≤m≤M).

[0038] In this embodiment of the application, binary c can be used (n,m) (t) represents the association between user n and network m, c (n,m) (t)=1 indicates that user n has accessed network m, and vice versa. (n,m) If (t)=0, it means that user n has not connected to network m. It should be noted that although a user may have multiple available networks at time t, they can only connect to two target networks: the network of the primary base station and the network of the secondary base station. At the same time, in order to ensure the continuity of communication, at least one network needs to be connected, that is, there is the constraint shown in the following formula [1]: [1] Next, the handover decision design is carried out. In this embodiment, the impact of throughput, channel utilization, and user speed can be used as optimization objectives, and the network coverage, service capacity, load capacity, handover latency, and other constraints are comprehensively considered to design the optimization problem.

[0039] Specifically, for throughput calculation, the link between the satellite-based base station and the user equipment (UE) can be determined using a free-space loss model, while the link between the ground base station and the UE can be determined using a channel model. At time t, the transmission power of network m (1≤m≤M) is P. tm The transmit antenna gain is G tm The receiving antenna gain is G tn .

[0040] The received signal power from satellite network m (1≤m≤S) to user n (1≤n≤N) is given by the following formula [2]: [2] Among them, the free space path loss L mn It can be expressed by the following formula [3]: [3] For communication between ground base station network m (S+1≤m≤M) and user n (1≤n≤N), the TDL-D channel is used, with LOS as the dominant factor. Therefore, the received signal power is as shown in the following formula [4]: [4] Among them, H mn For the multipath gain of the channel, PL mn For road damage, SF mn For shadow fading, all units are in dB.

[0041] In this embodiment of the application, for the path loss between the ground base station and the user equipment (UE), the LOS model of the urban microcell-street canyon (UMi - Street Canyon) scenario in protocol 38.901 can be used, as shown in the following formula [5]: [5] Meanwhile, the corresponding shadow fading is shown in the following formula [6]: P (N-mn) =B mn +K+T e [6] Shadow fading follows a normal distribution with a standard deviation of P. (N-mn) =B mn +K+T e .

[0042] In this embodiment, the noise power calculation can also be determined according to the above formula [6]. Wherein, K is the Boltzmann constant, and in this embodiment, K=-228.6dB, T e B is the equivalent noise temperature of the receiver. mnLet m be the bandwidth allocated to user n. Then the CNR of the wireless channel from satellite m to user n is as shown in the following formula [7]: [7] Based on the bandwidth required by the user, the transmission rate from satellite m to user n can be determined according to the following formula [8]: R (n,m) (t)=B mn log2(1+CNR (n,m) (t)) [8] Based on the above analysis, the system throughput can be determined according to the following formula [9]: [9] It should be noted that network load is also an important factor affecting user service experience, in terms of base station channel utilization. Base stations under light load can provide users with a better service experience, while base stations under heavy load provide users with a poor service experience and are more likely to cause user handover failures. Based on this, in this embodiment of the application, network channel utilization can be used to measure network load.

[0043] In one implementation, the channel utilization L of the base station can be represented by the following formula

[10] :

[10] Where, N total This represents the total number of channels in the network, where N refers to the number of idle channels in the network.

[0044] Specifically, for satellites with a large number of idle channels, their channel utilization is low, which means that the satellite can accommodate more users and the user handover success rate is higher. On the other hand, for satellites with high channel utilization, it means that they have fewer idle channels, and selecting this satellite for handover may cause handover failure or network congestion.

[0045] In this embodiment, the speed of the user equipment (UE) has a low impact on satellite access, but for terrestrial base station access, high-speed movement will bring more handover requirements, and even insufficient handover time will lead to communication interruption. Since the coverage area of ​​terrestrial base stations is much smaller than that of low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, high-speed moving UEs will frequently switch between base stations, and since LEO moves at high speed around the Earth, even stationary UEs will face frequent handover when accessing LEO. Therefore, UEs with high speeds are more likely to choose satellite access, while low-speed users choose terrestrial base station access. Based on this, the speed reward function for user n choosing network m is set as shown in the following formula

[11] :

[11] Among them, v n V represents the velocity of user n, which is a step function. t This refers to the speed threshold. Therefore, in the above formula, 1≤m≤S represents selecting the satellite network. If the user's speed is low and does not exceed the threshold, the function value is 0, which is less than the value for selecting a terrestrial base station. If the user's speed increases and exceeds the threshold, the function value also increases, and is greater than the value for selecting a terrestrial base station. Similarly, S+1≤m≤M represents selecting a terrestrial base station. The lower the user's speed, the greater the reward function value obtained by selecting a terrestrial base station. If the user's speed exceeds the threshold, the function value for selecting a terrestrial base station is less than the value for selecting a satellite network. In summary, this speed function achieves biased selection for users with different speeds. For grouped users, the speed of the cluster center can be used.

[0046] By comprehensively evaluating the speed reward function values ​​of all users, the average value of the speed evaluation function can be obtained as shown in the following formula

[12] :

[12] Based on the above analysis, the multi-attribute decision objective is set as shown in the following formula

[13] :

[13] Where α1, α2, and α3 represent the weight values ​​of throughput, channel utilization, and user speed reward, respectively. The setting of these weight values ​​can be considered based on different services. In this embodiment, for throughput and speed reward functions, larger values ​​are better, while for handover cost and channel utilization, smaller values ​​are better.

[0047] In this embodiment of the application, the network coverage range in the constraints also needs to be set separately for the satellite base station network and the terrestrial base station network.

[0048] Specifically, for satellite networks, elevation angle can be limited. First, based on the positional relationship between the user equipment and the satellite, the elevation angle between user n and network m can be obtained as shown in the following formula

[14] :

[14] Where, d (n,m) (1≤m≤S) represents the distance between the user and the satellite network, l m and l n h represents the location information of satellite m and user n, respectively. m Indicates the satellite's altitude.

[0049] Therefore, the satellite's elevation angle needs to meet the constraint of the satellite's minimum elevation angle, as shown in the following formula

[15] :

[15] For ground-based cells, the distance between the user and the base station must be less than the coverage radius of the base station.

[0050] In this embodiment of the application, binary x can be introduced. (n,m) The variable (t) represents the coverage relationship between network m and user n, as shown in the following formula

[16] :

[16] Where, x (n,m) (t)=1 indicates that user n is within the coverage area of ​​network m; otherwise, x (n,m) (t)=0 indicates that it is not within the coverage area of ​​network m.

[0051] Thus, the covering relation x is obtained. (n,m) (t) and the relationship c (n,m) The constraints between (t) are shown in the following formula

[17] :

[17] The above restrictions mean that a connection between the network and the user can only be assessed if an overlay relationship exists.

[0052] In this embodiment of the application, the threshold for the maximum service capacity of the network is set to C. m To ensure that the sum of the rates of all users accessing network m does not exceed the threshold, the following constraint condition is obtained as shown in formula

[18] :

[18] At the same time, in order to ensure normal communication for users, a minimum communication capacity U required by each user needs to be set. n This ensures that the sum of the communication rates of the main base station and the auxiliary base station satisfies the following constraint condition

[19] :

[19] Regarding network load capacity, a threshold K is set for the maximum number of users that can be accessed by the satellite, resulting in the following constraint condition as shown in formula

[20] :

[20] Based on the above analysis, the optimization problem can be obtained as shown in the following formula

[21] : [twenty one] For the optimization problem consisting of the above optimization objectives and constraints, we adopt the Tabu search method to solve it. The Tabu search algorithm is a local search algorithm for solving optimization problems, which avoids getting trapped in local optima and enhances the globality of the search.

[0053] In this embodiment of the application, the tabu search algorithm can be performed according to the following sub-steps, including: Sub-step 1401: Based on the target base station randomly selected by the user equipment (UE), generate an initial user equipment-cell association vector, and determine the current solution based on the user equipment-cell association vector; Specifically, firstly, an association vector of dimension N×1 can be randomly generated. Let represent the target base station selected by each user. An empty tabu list L is initialized to record recently prohibited movement operations, preventing subsequent circular searches. The current solution is initialized as the initial solution, and its fitness is calculated.

[0054] Sub-step 1402: Based on the current solution obtained by executing sub-step 1401, generate multiple neighborhood solutions by changing the connection relationship between the user equipment (UE) and the cell in the user equipment-cell association vector; In this embodiment of the application, a set of neighborhood solutions can be generated based on the current solution by changing the connection relationship between the user and the cell. Specifically, multiple neighborhood solutions can be generated in the following two ways: Method 1: Random swapping Specifically, by randomly selecting a pair of users, exchanging the primary and / or secondary cells they are connected to, a set of neighborhood solutions is generated.

[0055] Method 2, Single-point change: Specifically, by randomly selecting a user and randomly changing their primary or secondary cell, a set of neighborhood solutions is generated.

[0056] It should be noted that the generated new solution must satisfy the basic coverage constraints and connection number constraints, that is, users can only connect to base stations within their coverage area, and each user can connect to 1-2 base stations.

[0057] Sub-step 1403: Determine the system comprehensive performance index value corresponding to each neighborhood solution; In this embodiment of the application, for each neighborhood solution, a weighted summation can be performed based on the system throughput, network load factor and speed reward factor determined by the above scheme to determine the overall system performance index. The user speed reward factor is used to determine the priority of the user equipment UE in selecting a satellite cell or a ground cell based on the user equipment UE's moving speed.

[0058] Sub-step 1404: Select the solution with the best overall system performance index value from the neighborhood solutions that is not recorded in the tabu table, update the current solution, and update the tabu table; Specifically, the solution with the highest overall system performance index value and whose corresponding operation is not in the taboo list is selected from all neighborhood solutions as the new current solution.

[0059] The operation used in this operation will be added to the taboo list L, and its taboo period will be set (e.g., for a certain number of iterations).

[0060] Sub-step 1405: Repeat the above steps until the termination condition is met, and the final solution is obtained. Repeat steps 2-4 until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the quality of the solution no longer improves significantly.

[0061] The final current solution is output, which is the optimal UE-cell association vector. Based on this vector, the primary and secondary cells of each UE can be determined.

[0062] Step 15: Control the user equipment (UE) to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell.

[0063] The final current solution is output, which is the optimal UE-cell association vector. Based on this vector, the primary and secondary cells of each UE can be determined.

[0064] In this embodiment of the application, the dual-connectivity switching process is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it mainly includes the following sub-steps: 1. The source satellite MN sends a handover request to the candidate target satellite MN; 2. The candidate target MN determines whether to retain or change SN; When the candidate target MN decides to retain the SN, it will send an SN Addition Request message to the candidate SN, carrying the candidate SN UE XnAPID as a reference to the UE context established by the source MN. The purpose is to keep this context unchanged so that it can continue to be used in the network.

[0065] When a candidate target MN determines to change the SN, it will send an SN Addition Request to the target candidate SN, carrying the UE context information from the source SN established by the source MN. This means that the UE's information and configuration will be migrated from one SN to another.

[0066] When the candidate target MN determines that it does not need to retain the context of the source SN, the target MN may choose not to include the SN UE XnAP ID or the UE context information from the source SN in the SN AdditionRequest. In this case, the new SN may process the UE context completely from scratch.

[0067] 3. The target candidate SN responds with an SN Addition Request Acknowledge, which may include an indication of the full or incremental RRC configuration.

[0068] 4. The target MN carries an MN RRC reconfiguration message in the Handover Request Acknowledge message so that it can be sent to the UE to perform the handover operation, and may provide a forwarding address to the source MN.

[0069] If PDU session splitting is performed on the target side during handover, the Handover RequestAcknowledge message will contain multiple data forwarding addresses corresponding to each node. The target MN indicates the source MN. If, in step 2, the target MN and SN decide to retain the UE context in the SN, then the UE context in the SN is retained.

[0070] 4a. The source MN sends an Xn-U Address Indication message to the source SN, notifying the source SN to perform a CHO. The source SN can decide to perform early data forwarding and simultaneously send an early status transmission message to the source MN.

[0071] 5. The source MN sends an RRC reconfiguration message to the UE, including the CHO configuration, which is a list of RRC reconfiguration messages and related execution conditions. Each RRC reconfiguration message contains an MCG configuration.

[0072] 6. The UE application receives the RRC reconfiguration message in sub-step 5, stores the CHO configuration, and replies with the MN RRC reconfiguration complete message.

[0073] Upon receiving the RRC reconfiguration message, the UE maintains its connection with the source MN and, if a secondary cell (SpCellof a secondary cell group, PSCell) is configured, maintains its connection with the source PSCell. It then begins evaluating the execution conditions for candidate primary cells (SpCell of a master cell group, PCells). The evaluation execution conditions for candidate target MN and candidate target SN are as follows: a) If at least one candidate PCell meets the corresponding execution conditions, and the associated candidate PSCell also meets the corresponding execution conditions, the UE will disconnect from the source MN, apply the configuration stored for the selected candidate PCell and the associated candidate PSCell, synchronize with the candidate PCell, and complete the RRC handover procedure by sending an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the target MN. The UE also includes an embedded SN RRC reconfiguration complete message to the target SN, as well as information about the target SN that enables the target MN to recognize the selected candidate PSCell.

[0074] b. If at least one candidate PCell meets the corresponding execution conditions, and there are no related candidate PSCell execution conditions, the UE will disconnect from the source MN, apply the configuration stored for the selected candidate PCell, synchronize with the candidate PCell if it includes the related PSCell, and complete the RRC handover procedure by sending an RRC reconfiguration complete message to the target MN. If the configuration stored for the selected candidate PCell includes SCG configuration, the UE will include an embedded SN RRC reconfiguration complete message to the target SN. The purpose of sending the SN RRC reconfiguration complete message is to notify the target SN that the related RRC configuration has been completed, not to maintain or reuse the source SN's PSCell configuration.

[0075] c. After successfully completing the RRC handover procedure, the UE will release the stored CHO configuration.

[0076] 7~8. The UE synchronizes with the target MN and replies with the MN RRC reconfiguration complete message.

[0077] 9. If a bearer requiring SCG radio resources is configured, the UE will synchronize with the target SN, which is equivalent to maintaining synchronization between the UE, the SN, and the target MN. If the source SN and the target SN are the same base station, a complete resynchronization process is not required because the UE is already synchronized with that SN.

[0078] 10. If the RRC connection reconfiguration process is successful, the target MN will notify the target SN via the SN Reconfiguration Complete message.

[0079] 11. The target MN sends a Handover Success message to the source MN to notify the UE that it has successfully accessed the target cell. In the case of a CHO with a candidate SCG, the target PSCell identifier may also be included in the Handover Success message.

[0080] 12a~12b, The source MN sends an SN Release Request message carrying an indication of the reason for the MCG mobility to the source SN. The source MN indicates to the source SN that if the indication is received from the target MN, the UE context is stored in the SN, and the source SN confirms the release request.

[0081] 12c. The source MN sends an XN-U Address Indication message to the source SN to transmit data forwarding information. If a PDU session split is performed at the target end, multiple data forwarding addresses may be provided.

[0082] 12d. The source MN sends a Handover Cancel message to other signaling connections or other candidate MNs to cancel the UE's CHO.

[0083] 12e~12f If the target MN is configured with other candidate SNs associated with other candidate PCells besides the target SN, the target MN sends an SN release request message to the corresponding candidate SN, and the other candidate MNs send SN release request messages to all associated candidate SNs, and the associated candidate SNs confirm the release request.

[0084] 13a. The source SN sends a Secondary RAT Data Usage Report message to the source MN, which includes a report on data usage over the satellite access network to the source MN. The report includes the amount of downlink data transmitted to the UE via the access network radio and the amount of uplink data received from the UE.

[0085] 13b. The source MN sends a Secondary RAT Report message to the AMF to provide information about the satellite access network resources used. The AMF needs this information to manage UE mobility, ensure coordinated use of resources during handover, and support network operation and maintenance. This report helps the AMF track the status of UEs and resource usage within the network.

[0086] 14. For bearers using RLC automatic repeat request, the following three parts shall be processed: 14a. The source SN sends the status information of the RLC AM bearer it currently manages to the source MN.

[0087] This status information typically includes the status of the RLC layer, such as packet sequence numbers, acknowledged packets, and packets that may need to be retransmitted. It ensures uninterrupted data transmission after the handover and maintains the continuity and integrity of data transmission during network handover.

[0088] 14b. Upon receiving status information from the source SN, the source MN packages this information into an SN Status Transfer message and sends it to the target MN. This process ensures that the target MN has all the necessary information so that data transmission can continue seamlessly after the handover is complete.

[0089] 14c. After the target MN receives the SN status information from the source MN, it will pass this status information to the target SN if necessary. This is to allow the target SN to take over the tasks of the source SN and ensure a smooth transition of data transmission after the handover.

[0090] 15. The source MN may need to forward the currently transmitting data to the destination MN. Data forwarding is performed from the source side. If the SN is retained, data forwarding for QoS flows that are terminated by the SN or retained in the SN may be omitted.

[0091] 16-19. The target MN initiates the path switching process, updating the user plane's data path from the source MN to the target MN. If the target MN includes multiple downlink tunnel endpoint identifiers (TEIDs) for a single PDU session in the Path Switch Request message, and TEIDs are used to distinguish different data streams or different tunnels for the same user, then the path switching confirmation message should include multiple uplink TEIDs from the UPF to prevent updates to the TEIDs in the UPF.

[0092] 20. The target MN initiates the process of releasing the UE context to the source MN.

[0093] 21. Upon receiving a UE Context Release message from the source MN, the source SN will release the control plane resources associated with the UE context linked to the source MN. Any ongoing data forwarding may continue. If the SNRelease Request message in step 5 includes a UE context reservation indication, the SN must not release the UE context associated with the target MN.

[0094] The communication link handover method provided in this application embodiment can determine the current serving cell type corresponding to the user equipment (UE), and determine the handover conditions corresponding to the UE based on the current serving cell type. Then, based on the communication data between the UE and the current serving cell, it can be determined whether the UE meets the handover conditions. When it is determined that the UE meets the handover conditions, multiple candidate target cells are determined. Based on the tabu search algorithm, with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, a primary cell and a secondary cell are selected from the multiple candidate target cells. The UE is then controlled to switch from the current serving cell to the primary and secondary cells to establish dual connectivity. The communication link handover method provided in this application embodiment, on the one hand, employs tabu search (Tabu Search)... The Search algorithm addresses the complex combinatorial optimization problem of handover target selection. By systematically generating and evaluating neighborhood solutions and utilizing a tabu list mechanism to avoid circular searches, this algorithm effectively performs global exploration within a vast solution space. Compared to traditional greedy algorithms or simple fuzzy logic methods, the method provided in this application can more intelligently and accurately find near-globally optimal handover target combinations (primary and secondary cells) in satellite-to-ground fusion scenarios with large-scale users and multiple candidate cells. Furthermore, by introducing a dual-connectivity architecture, user equipment can simultaneously handover to one primary and one secondary cell, ensuring that at least one link remains connected throughout the handover process, significantly reducing the impact of link-related issues. The handover failure (HOF) and call drop rate caused by momentary interruptions are effectively guaranteed to ensure the continuity and stability of communication, especially for high-speed mobile users or satellite links with severe signal fluctuations. Finally, the communication link handover method provided in this application deeply integrates the judgment of handover conditions with the Conditional Handover (CHO) mechanism. It defines trigger conditions differently (such as using elevation angle or SINR) according to whether the current serving cell is satellite or terrestrial, making the judgment criteria more in line with the actual characteristics of the network. In the execution phase of CHO, by comprehensively comparing the link quality of the source cell and the target cell, it ensures that handover is only performed when the quality of the target cell is significantly better than that of the source cell, which significantly reduces the number of ping-pong handovers and enhances the stability of the entire network.

[0095] In one embodiment, this application also provides a communication link switching device to address the problem that existing switching schemes fail to fully consider the differences in signal propagation, coverage characteristics, and user mobility patterns between heterogeneous satellite and ground networks, resulting in low switching success rates and frequent ping-pong handovers in converged scenarios. A schematic diagram of the specific structure of this communication link switching device is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a type determination unit 41, a switching condition determination unit 42, a judgment unit 43, and a switching unit 44.

[0096] The type determination unit 41 is used to determine the current serving cell type corresponding to the user equipment (UE), wherein the serving cell type includes satellite serving cell and terrestrial serving cell; The handover condition determination unit 42 is used to determine the handover condition corresponding to the user equipment UE based on the current serving cell type. The judgment unit 43 is used to determine whether the user equipment UE meets the handover conditions based on the communication data between the user equipment UE and the current serving cell; The handover unit 44 is used to determine multiple candidate target cells when the user equipment (UE) meets the handover conditions, and select a primary cell and a secondary cell from the multiple candidate target cells according to the tabu search algorithm with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, and control the UE to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell to establish dual connectivity; wherein, the overall system performance index is determined jointly based on system throughput, network load data and the moving speed of the UE.

[0097] In one embodiment, the handover condition determination unit 42 is specifically configured to: when the current serving cell is a satellite serving cell, the handover condition includes the elevation angle between the user equipment (UE) and the currently connected satellite being lower than a first threshold; when the current serving cell is a terrestrial serving cell, the handover condition includes the signal quality received by the user equipment (UE) being lower than a second threshold.

[0098] In one implementation, the switching unit 44 is specifically configured to: generate an initial UE-cell association vector based on a target base station randomly selected by the UE, and determine a current solution based on the UE-cell association vector; generate multiple neighborhood solutions by changing the connection relationship between the UE and the cell in the UE-cell association vector based on the current solution; determine the system comprehensive performance index value corresponding to each neighborhood solution; select the solution with the optimal system comprehensive performance index value from the neighborhood solutions that is not recorded in the tabu table, update the current solution, and update the tabu table; repeat the above steps until a termination condition is met to obtain a final solution; determine the final UE-cell association vector based on the final solution, and determine the primary cell and secondary cell based on the final UE-cell association vector.

[0099] In one embodiment, the switching unit 44 is specifically used to: determine a speed reward factor corresponding to the moving speed of the user equipment UE, wherein the user speed reward factor is used to determine the priority of the user equipment UE in selecting a satellite cell or a terrestrial cell based on the moving speed of the user equipment UE; and determine the comprehensive system performance index by performing a weighted summation process based on the system throughput, the network load factor, and the speed reward factor.

[0100] In one implementation, the switching unit 44 is specifically used to: randomly switch the primary cell and / or secondary cell connected to a pair of user equipment (UE); or randomly change the primary cell or secondary cell corresponding to a single user equipment (UE).

[0101] In one embodiment, the handover unit 44 is specifically configured to: determine a link quality threshold corresponding to the current serving cell type based on the current serving cell type; determine whether the link quality of the primary cell and the secondary cell is higher than the link quality threshold; and when the link quality of both the primary cell and the secondary cell is higher than the link quality threshold, and the link quality of the current serving cell is lower than the link quality threshold, control the user equipment (UE) to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell.

[0102] In one embodiment, the switching unit 44 is specifically configured to: determine the link quality based on the elevation angle between the user equipment (UE) and the satellite when the serving cell type is a satellite cell; and determine the link quality based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) corresponding to the user equipment (UE) when the serving cell type is a terrestrial cell.

[0103] The communication link handover apparatus provided in this application embodiment can determine the current serving cell type corresponding to the user equipment (UE), and determine the handover conditions corresponding to the UE based on the current serving cell type. Then, based on the communication data between the UE and the current serving cell, it can determine whether the UE meets the handover conditions. When it is determined that the UE meets the handover conditions, multiple candidate target cells are determined. Based on the tabu search algorithm, with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, a primary cell and a secondary cell are selected from the multiple candidate target cells. The UE is then controlled to switch from the current serving cell to the primary and secondary cells to establish dual connectivity. The communication link handover method provided in this application embodiment, on the one hand, employs tabu search (Tabu Search). The Search algorithm addresses the complex combinatorial optimization problem of handover target selection. By systematically generating and evaluating neighborhood solutions and utilizing a tabu list mechanism to avoid circular searches, this algorithm effectively performs global exploration within a vast solution space. Compared to traditional greedy algorithms or simple fuzzy logic methods, the method provided in this application can more intelligently and accurately find near-globally optimal handover target combinations (primary and secondary cells) in satellite-to-ground fusion scenarios with large-scale users and multiple candidate cells. Furthermore, by introducing a dual-connectivity architecture, user equipment can simultaneously handover to one primary and one secondary cell, ensuring that at least one link remains connected throughout the handover process, significantly reducing the impact of link-related issues. The handover failure (HOF) and call drop rate caused by momentary interruptions are effectively guaranteed to ensure the continuity and stability of communication, especially for high-speed mobile users or satellite links with severe signal fluctuations. Finally, the communication link handover method provided in this application deeply integrates the judgment of handover conditions with the Conditional Handover (CHO) mechanism. It defines trigger conditions differently (such as using elevation angle or SINR) according to whether the current serving cell is satellite or terrestrial, making the judgment criteria more in line with the actual characteristics of the network. In the execution phase of CHO, by comprehensively comparing the link quality of the source cell and the target cell, it ensures that handover is only performed when the quality of the target cell is significantly better than that of the source cell, which significantly reduces the number of ping-pong handovers and enhances the stability of the entire network.

[0104] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. Please refer to it. Figure 5 At the hardware level, the electronic device includes a processor, and optionally also includes an internal bus, a network interface, and memory. The memory may include main memory, such as high-speed random-access memory (RAM), or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk drive. Of course, the electronic device may also include other hardware required for other business operations.

[0105] The processor, network interface, and memory can be interconnected via an internal bus, which can be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. This bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 5 The symbol is represented by a single double-headed arrow, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0106] Memory is used to store programs. Specifically, programs may include program code, which includes computer operation instructions. Memory may include main memory and non-volatile memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor.

[0107] The processor reads the corresponding computer program from non-volatile memory into main memory and then runs it, forming a communication link switching device at the logical level. The processor executes the program stored in memory and specifically performs the following operations: The following steps are taken: First, determine the current serving cell type corresponding to the User Equipment (UE), where the serving cell type includes satellite serving cells and terrestrial serving cells. Second, determine the handover conditions corresponding to the UE based on the current serving cell type. Third, determine whether the UE meets the handover conditions based on the communication data between the UE and the current serving cell. Fourth, when the UE meets the handover conditions, determine multiple candidate target cells. Using a tabu search algorithm, with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, select a primary cell and a secondary cell from the multiple candidate target cells, and control the UE to switch from the current serving cell to the primary and secondary cells to establish dual connectivity. The overall system performance index is determined jointly based on system throughput, network load data, and the UE's movement speed.

[0108] The above is as stated in this application. Figure 5The communication link switching electronic device method disclosed in the illustrated embodiments can be applied to a processor or implemented by a processor. The processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly embodied in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can reside in a mature storage medium in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, or registers. This storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0109] Of course, in addition to software implementation, the electronic device of this application does not exclude other implementation methods, such as logic devices or a combination of hardware and software, etc. In other words, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, but can also be hardware or logic devices.

[0110] This application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium that stores one or more programs, the programs including instructions that, when executed by a portable electronic device including multiple applications, enable the portable electronic device to perform... Figure 1 The communication link switching method shown in the embodiment is specifically used to perform the following operations: The following steps are taken: First, determine the current serving cell type corresponding to the User Equipment (UE), where the serving cell type includes satellite serving cells and terrestrial serving cells. Second, determine the handover conditions corresponding to the UE based on the current serving cell type. Third, determine whether the UE meets the handover conditions based on the communication data between the UE and the current serving cell. Fourth, when the UE meets the handover conditions, determine multiple candidate target cells. Using a tabu search algorithm, with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, select a primary cell and a secondary cell from the multiple candidate target cells, and control the UE to switch from the current serving cell to the primary and secondary cells to establish dual connectivity. The overall system performance index is determined jointly based on system throughput, network load data, and the UE's movement speed.

[0111] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0112] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0113] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0114] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0115] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0116] Memory may include non-persistent storage in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0117] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0118] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0119] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0120] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A communication link switching method, characterized in that, include: Determine the current serving cell type corresponding to the user equipment (UE), wherein the serving cell type includes satellite serving cell and terrestrial serving cell; Based on the current serving cell type, determine the handover conditions corresponding to the user equipment (UE); Based on the communication data between the user equipment (UE) and the current serving cell, it is determined whether the user equipment (UE) meets the handover conditions; When the user equipment (UE) meets the handover conditions, multiple candidate target cells are determined. Based on the tabu search algorithm, with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, a primary cell and a secondary cell are selected from the multiple candidate target cells, and the UE is controlled to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell. The overall system performance index is determined jointly based on system throughput, network load data, and the UE's moving speed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the handover conditions corresponding to the user equipment (UE) based on the current serving cell type specifically includes: When the current serving cell is a satellite serving cell, the handover conditions include the elevation angle between the user equipment (UE) and the currently connected satellite being lower than a first threshold. When the current serving cell is a ground serving cell, the handover condition includes the signal quality received by the user equipment (UE) being lower than a second threshold.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of selecting a primary cell and a secondary cell from the multiple candidate target cells based on the tabu search algorithm, with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, specifically includes: Based on the target base station randomly selected by the user equipment (UE), an initial UE-cell association vector is generated, and the current solution is determined based on the UE-cell association vector. Based on the current solution, multiple neighborhood solutions are generated by changing the connection relationship between the user equipment (UE) and the cell in the user equipment-cell association vector; Determine the system comprehensive performance index value corresponding to each of the neighborhood solutions; Select the solution with the best overall system performance index value from the neighborhood solutions that is not recorded in the tabu table, update the current solution, and update the tabu table. Repeat the above steps until the termination condition is met to obtain the final solution; The UE-cell association vector is determined based on the final solution, and the primary cell and secondary cell are determined based on the UE-cell association vector.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that, Determining the overall performance indicators of the system specifically includes: Based on the moving speed of the user equipment (UE), a speed reward factor corresponding to the moving speed is determined, wherein the user speed reward factor is used to determine the priority of the user equipment (UE) in selecting a satellite cell or a terrestrial cell based on the moving speed of the user equipment (UE). The overall system performance index is determined by performing a weighted summation based on the system throughput, the network load factor, and the speed reward factor.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The generation of multiple neighborhood solutions specifically includes: Randomly swap the primary and / or secondary cells to which a pair of user equipment (UE) are connected; or Randomly change the primary or secondary cell corresponding to a single user equipment (UE).

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control of the user equipment (UE) to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell specifically includes: Based on the current serving cell type, determine the link quality threshold corresponding to the current serving cell type; Determine whether the link quality of the primary cell and the secondary cell is higher than the link quality threshold, respectively. When the link quality of both the primary cell and the secondary cell is higher than the link quality threshold, and the link quality of the current serving cell is lower than the link quality threshold, the user equipment (UE) is controlled to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell.

7. A communication link switching device, characterized in that, include: A type determination unit is used to determine the current serving cell type corresponding to the user equipment (UE), wherein the serving cell type includes satellite serving cell and terrestrial serving cell; The handover condition determination unit is used to determine the handover condition corresponding to the user equipment (UE) based on the current serving cell type. The judgment unit is used to determine whether the user equipment UE meets the handover conditions based on the communication data between the user equipment UE and the current serving cell; The handover unit is used to determine multiple candidate target cells when the user equipment (UE) meets the handover conditions, and select a primary cell and a secondary cell from the multiple candidate target cells according to the tabu search algorithm with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index. The UE is then controlled to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell to establish dual connectivity. The overall system performance index is determined based on the system throughput, network load data, and the UE's movement speed.

8. A communication link switching device, comprising: processor; as well as A memory configured to store computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the processor to perform the following operations: Determine the current serving cell type corresponding to the user equipment (UE), wherein the serving cell type includes satellite serving cell and terrestrial serving cell; Based on the current serving cell type, determine the handover conditions corresponding to the user equipment (UE); Based on the communication data between the user equipment (UE) and the current serving cell, it is determined whether the user equipment (UE) meets the handover conditions; When the user equipment (UE) meets the handover conditions, multiple candidate target cells are determined. Based on the tabu search algorithm, with the goal of maximizing the overall system performance index, a primary cell and a secondary cell are selected from the multiple candidate target cells. The UE is then controlled to switch from the current serving cell to the primary cell and the secondary cell to establish dual connectivity. The overall system performance index is determined based on system throughput, network load data, and the UE's movement speed.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, which, when executed by an electronic device including a plurality of applications, cause the electronic device to perform the communication link switching method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the communication link switching method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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