Random access method and related equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a random access method and related equipment, and belongs to the technical field of communication. In the method, when a reading device sends a first signaling for triggering random access, a time-frequency resource used for three-step random access and a time-frequency resource used for two-step random access can be indicated. And after receiving the first signaling, the environment Internet of Things equipment can select the time-frequency resource of the three-step random access to access the reading equipment through the three-step random access, or select the time-frequency resource of the two-step random access to access the reading equipment through the two-step random access. Therefore, when the electric quantity of the Internet of Things equipment is relatively low in the environment, the two-step random access and the reading equipment can be adopted for random access, and the failure of three-step random access caused by insufficient electric quantity can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a random access method and related equipment for ambient internet of things (A-IoT) devices. Background Technology

[0002] A-IoT devices typically refer to Internet of Things (IoT) devices that do not have their own batteries and instead power themselves by harvesting ambient energy from radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other available environmental energy source and converting that harvested energy into electrical energy.

[0003] In some situations, if the A-IoT device converts electrical energy faster than it consumes, or if it stores insufficient energy, the device may not have enough power to complete a full communication process (such as a random access (RA) process). This can affect communication between the A-IoT device and other devices (such as base stations (BS), intermediate nodes (IN), and other reader devices (RD), potentially causing excessive latency or communication failures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a random access method and related equipment.

[0005] In a first aspect, a random access method is provided, applied to an environmental Internet of Things (IoT) device. The method includes: receiving a first signaling sent by a reading device, the first signaling indicating at least one first type of time-frequency resource of a first random access method and at least one second type of time-frequency resource of a second random access method; in response to the first signaling, determining to access the reading device using the first random access method and the first time-frequency resource, or determining to access the reading device using the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource, wherein the first time-frequency resource is a time-frequency resource in the first type of time-frequency resource, and the second time-frequency resource is a time-frequency resource in the second type of time-frequency resource.

[0006] By employing the above method, since the reading device provides time-frequency resources for both random access methods, environmental IoT devices can choose either the first or second random access method to connect to the reading device based on their own circumstances. This avoids the inability to successfully connect due to insufficient power or other reasons. For example, if the power is low or the access latency requirement is high, a less power-consuming random access method (such as the second random access method) can be used.

[0007] In some implementations, the first identifier can be a random identifier generated by an environmental IoT device.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the first random access method is a three-step random access method, and the second random access method is a two-step random access method.

[0009] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, determining to use the first random access method and the first time-frequency resource to access the reading device, or determining to use the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource to access the reading device, includes: determining to use the first random access method and the first time-frequency resource to access the reading device, or determining to use the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource to access the reading device, based on the type of the environmental IoT device or the remaining power of the environmental IoT device.

[0010] In this implementation, the environmental IoT device can determine which random access method to use to connect to the reading device based on its type (e.g., type 1, 2a, 2b hereinafter) or its remaining battery power. For example, the environmental IoT device can use the first random access method to connect to the reading device if the battery power condition described below is met.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the method further includes: accessing the reading device through a determined random access method and time-frequency resources.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, accessing the reading device through a determined random access method and time-frequency resources includes: when it is determined that a first random access method and a first time-frequency resource are used to access the reading device, sending a first message to the reading device through the first time-frequency resource, wherein the first message includes a first identifier; receiving a second message sent by the reading device, the second message including the first identifier; and in response to the second message, sending a third message to the reading device, the third message including the device identifier of the environmental IoT device.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the second message indicates a third time-frequency resource for transmitting the third message; and, in response to the second message, sending the third message to the reading device includes: sending the third message to the reading device via the third time-frequency resource.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the method further includes: switching to a sleep state or a shutdown state after sending a third message to the reading device.

[0015] In this implementation, after sending a third message to the reading device, the environmental IoT device can switch to a sleep state or a shutdown state to charge, so that it has enough power to respond to other requests or signaling from the reading device next time.

[0016] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, accessing the reading device through the determined random access method and time-frequency resources includes: when it is determined that the second random access method and the second time-frequency resources are used to access the reading device, sending a fourth message to the reading device through the second time-frequency resources, wherein the fourth message includes a second identifier and a device identifier of the environmental IoT device, or the fourth message includes a device identifier; and receiving a fifth message sent by the reading device, wherein the fifth message includes the second identifier and / or the device identifier.

[0017] In some implementations, if the fourth message includes the second identifier and the device identifier of the environmental IoT device, the fifth message may include the second identifier and / or the device identifier; if the fourth message includes the device identifier of the environmental IoT device but does not include the second identifier, the fifth message may include the device identifier.

[0018] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the second time-frequency resource is located after the first time-frequency resource in the time domain; and the method further includes: switching to a sleep state or a shutdown state in response to a first signaling; and switching to a working state before the transmission opportunity of the second time-frequency resource arrives.

[0019] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the method further includes: switching to a sleep state or a shutdown state in response to a fifth message.

[0020] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the method further includes: storing a first state identifier before switching to a hibernation state or a shutdown state, the first state identifier indicating that the environmental IoT device has not completed random access.

[0021] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the first type of time-frequency resource is located after the second type of time-frequency resource in the time domain, or the second type of time-frequency resource is located after the first type of time-frequency resource in the time domain, or the first type of time-frequency resource is different from the second type of time-frequency resource in the frequency domain and overlaps with the second type of time-frequency resource in the time domain.

[0022] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the first type of time-frequency resources and the second type of time-frequency resources are predefined time-frequency resources, and the first signaling includes the number of the first type of time-frequency resources and the number of the second type of time-frequency resources.

[0023] In this implementation, the first message can indicate the first type of time-frequency resources and the second type of time-frequency resources by the quantity of the first type of time-frequency resources and the quantity of the second type of time-frequency resources (for example, the first indication method below).

[0024] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the first signaling further indicates the order of the first type of time-frequency resources and the second type of time-frequency resources.

[0025] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the first signaling includes: the number of first-class time-frequency resources and the number of second-class time-frequency resources, the start frequency and start time of the first time-frequency resource in at least one first-class time-frequency resource, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the first-class time-frequency resources, the time domain offset and frequency domain offset of each first-class time-frequency resource relative to the first time-frequency resource of the first-class time-frequency resources, the start frequency and start time of the first time-frequency resource in at least one second-class time-frequency resource, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the second-class time-frequency resources, and the time domain offset and frequency domain offset of each second-class time-frequency resource relative to the first time-frequency resource of the second-class time-frequency resources.

[0026] In some implementations, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the first type of time-frequency resource can be the frequency domain size and time domain size of each first type of time-frequency resource. If the frequency domain size and time domain size of each first type of time-frequency resource are the same, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the first type of time-frequency resource can include only one frequency domain size and time domain size; if the frequency domain size and / or time domain size of one first type of time-frequency resource is different from the frequency domain size and / or time domain size of another first type of time-frequency resource, then the first signaling can indicate the frequency domain size and time domain size of each first type of time-frequency resource respectively.

[0027] In some implementations, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the second type of time-frequency resource can be the same for each second type of time-frequency resource. If the frequency domain size and time domain size of each second type of time-frequency resource are the same, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the second type of time-frequency resource can include only one frequency domain size and time domain size; if the frequency domain size and / or time domain size of one second type of time-frequency resource is different from that of another second type of time-frequency resource, then the first signaling can indicate the frequency domain size and time domain size of each second type of time-frequency resource separately.

[0028] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the first signaling includes the start time, start frequency, time domain size and frequency domain size of each first type of time-frequency resource, and the start time, start frequency, time domain size and frequency domain size of each second type of time-frequency resource.

[0029] In a second aspect, a random access method is provided, applied to a reading device, the method comprising: sending a first signaling, the first signaling indicating at least one first type of time-frequency resource of a first random access method and at least one second type of time-frequency resource of a second random access method; receiving a first message sent by a first environmental IoT device through the first type of time-frequency resource, and / or a fourth message sent by a second environmental IoT device through the second type of time-frequency resource, wherein the first message includes a first identifier, the fourth message includes a second device identifier of the second environmental IoT device, or the fourth message includes a second device identifier and a second identifier; sending a second message to the first environmental IoT device in response to the first message, and / or sending a fifth message to the second environmental IoT device in response to the fourth message, wherein the second message includes the first identifier, and the fifth message includes the second device identifier and / or the second identifier.

[0030] In some implementations, if the fourth message includes the second identifier and the second device identifier of the environmental IoT device, the fifth message may include the second identifier and / or the second device identifier; if the fourth message includes the second device identifier of the second environmental IoT device but does not include the second identifier, the fifth message may include the second device identifier.

[0031] In this implementation, when the reading device sends a first signaling message to trigger random access between the environmental IoT device and the reading device, it can indicate time-frequency resources (first type of time-frequency resources and second type of time-frequency resources) for two random access methods (first random access method and second random access method). The environmental IoT device can then access the reading device using either the first or second random access method, depending on its own circumstances. Furthermore, after receiving messages (first message, fourth message) sent by the environmental IoT device through different random access methods (through different types of time-frequency resources), the reading device can respond to the environmental IoT device using corresponding methods (second message, fifth message).

[0032] This avoids situations where IoT devices fail to connect to the reading device due to insufficient battery power. For example, if the battery is low or the connection latency requirement is high, a less power-consuming random access method (such as a second random access method) can be used.

[0033] In one possible implementation of the second aspect above, the second message indicates a third time-frequency resource; and the method further includes: receiving a third message sent by a first environmental IoT device, the third message including a first device identifier of the first environmental IoT device.

[0034] In one possible implementation of the second aspect above, the second message includes a state switching indication, which is used to instruct the first environment IoT device to switch to a sleep state or a shutdown state after sending the third message.

[0035] In one possible implementation of the second aspect above, the fifth message includes a state switching indication, which is used to instruct the second environment IoT device to switch to a sleep state or a shutdown state.

[0036] In one possible implementation of the second aspect above, the first type of time-frequency resource is located after the second type of time-frequency resource in the time domain, or the second type of time-frequency resource is located after the first type of time-frequency resource in the time domain, or the first type of time-frequency resource is different from the second type of time-frequency resource in the frequency domain and overlaps with the second type of time-frequency resource in the time domain.

[0037] In one possible implementation of the second aspect above, the first type of time-frequency resources and the second type of time-frequency resources are predefined time-frequency resources, and the first signaling includes the number of the first type of time-frequency resources and the number of the second type of time-frequency resources.

[0038] In one possible implementation of the second aspect described above, the first signaling further indicates the order of the first type of time-frequency resources and the second type of time-frequency resources.

[0039] In one possible implementation of the second aspect above, the first signaling includes the number of first-class time-frequency resources and the number of second-class time-frequency resources, the start frequency and start time of the first time-frequency resource in at least one first-class time-frequency resource, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the first-class time-frequency resources, the time domain offset and frequency domain offset of each first-class time-frequency resource relative to the first time-frequency resource of the first-class time-frequency resources, the start frequency and start time of the first time-frequency resource in at least one second-class time-frequency resource, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the second-class time-frequency resources, and the time domain offset and frequency domain offset of each second-class time-frequency resource relative to the first time-frequency resource of the second-class time-frequency resources.

[0040] In some implementations, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the first type of time-frequency resource can be the frequency domain size and time domain size of each first type of time-frequency resource. If the frequency domain size and time domain size of each first type of time-frequency resource are the same, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the first type of time-frequency resource can include only one frequency domain size and time domain size; if the frequency domain size and / or time domain size of one first type of time-frequency resource is different from the frequency domain size and / or time domain size of another first type of time-frequency resource, then the first signaling can indicate the frequency domain size and time domain size of each first type of time-frequency resource respectively.

[0041] In some implementations, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the second type of time-frequency resource can be the same for each second type of time-frequency resource. If the frequency domain size and time domain size of each second type of time-frequency resource are the same, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the second type of time-frequency resource can include only one frequency domain size and time domain size; if the frequency domain size and / or time domain size of one second type of time-frequency resource is different from that of another second type of time-frequency resource, then the first signaling can indicate the frequency domain size and time domain size of each second type of time-frequency resource separately.

[0042] In one possible implementation of the second aspect above, the first signaling includes the start time, start frequency, time domain size and frequency domain size of each first type of time-frequency resource, and the start time, start frequency, time domain size and frequency domain size of each second type of time-frequency resource.

[0043] In one possible implementation of the second aspect above, the first random access method is a three-step random access method, and the second random access method is a two-step random access method.

[0044] Thirdly, a random access method is provided, the method comprising: reading a first signaling sent by a reading device, the first signaling including at least one first type of time-frequency resource of a first random access method and at least one second type of time-frequency resource corresponding to a second random access method; an environmental IoT device responding to the first signaling to determine whether to access the reading device using the first random access method and the first time-frequency resource, or to determine whether to access the reading device using the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource, wherein the first time-frequency resource is a time-frequency resource in the first type of time-frequency resource, and the second time-frequency resource is a time-frequency resource in the second type of time-frequency resource.

[0045] In this implementation, when the reading device sends the first signaling to trigger random access between the environmental IoT device and the reading device, it can indicate the time-frequency resources (first type of time-frequency resources and second type of time-frequency resources) for two random access methods (first random access method and second random access method). The environmental IoT device can access the reading device by using the first random access method or the second random access method according to its own situation.

[0046] Fourthly, an environmental IoT device is provided, comprising: an energy storage circuit for converting energy in the environment into electrical energy; and a processing circuit for implementing the random access method provided by any of the implementations in the first aspect above.

[0047] Fifthly, a reading device is provided, the reading device comprising: a memory for storing instructions; and at least one processor for executing the instructions to cause the reading device to implement the random access method provided by any of the implementations of the second aspect above.

[0048] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable program instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the random access method provided by any of the implementations of the first to third aspects described above.

[0049] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product including computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the random access method provided by any of the implementations of the first to second aspects described above.

[0050] It should be understood that the beneficial effects of the second to seventh aspects mentioned above can be referred to the description of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 According to some embodiments of this application, a topology diagram of an RD and A-IoT device is shown.

[0052] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a 2RA process is shown according to some embodiments of this application.

[0053] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a 3RA process is shown according to some embodiments of this application.

[0054] Figure 4A According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the interaction flow of a random access method following the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource in the time domain of the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource is shown.

[0055] Figure 4B According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of a random access method for 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources following 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the time domain is shown.

[0056] Figure 4C According to some embodiments of this application, a method is shown. Figure 4B A schematic diagram of the time-domain and frequency-domain division of various time-frequency resources.

[0057] Figure 5A According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram is shown of transmitting a control packet before adding it to a physical layer data field.

[0058] Figure 5B According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram is shown of adding time-frequency resource indication information to higher-layer signaling and transmitting it through a physical layer data field.

[0059] Figure 6A According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the interaction flow of a random access method for 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources following 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the time domain is shown.

[0060] Figure 6B According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of a random access method for 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources following 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the time domain is shown.

[0061] Figure 6C According to some embodiments of this application, a method is shown. Figure 6B A schematic diagram of the time-domain and frequency-domain division of various time-frequency resources.

[0062] Figure 7A According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the interaction flow of a random access method for frequency-division 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources is shown.

[0063] Figure 7B According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of a random access method for corresponding frequency division 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources is shown.

[0064] Figure 7C According to some embodiments of this application, a method is shown. Figure 7B A schematic diagram of the time-domain and frequency-domain division of various time-frequency resources.

[0065] Figure 8 According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the interaction flow of another random access method is shown.

[0066] Figure 9 According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of an RD structure is shown.

[0067] Figure 10 According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the structure of an A-IoT device is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0068] The embodiments of this application include, but are not limited to, random access methods and related devices.

[0069] To facilitate understanding, the terminology used in this application will be introduced first.

[0070] (1) A-IoT devices

[0071] A-IoT devices typically refer to Internet of Things (IoT) devices that do not have their own batteries and instead harvest ambient energy from radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other available environmental energy sources, converting the harvested energy into electrical energy to power themselves. For example, an A-IoT device may include an antenna that receives electromagnetic waves from the environment to harvest ambient energy and stores the harvested energy in an energy storage device (such as a capacitor, inductor, etc.).

[0072] A-IoT devices are divided into three categories: Type 1 A-IoT devices (device 1), Type 2a A-IoT devices (device 2a), and Type 2b A-IoT devices (device 2b). Type 2a and Type 2b A-IoT devices are also referred to as Type 2 A-IoT devices (device 2). Among them:

[0073] The peak power of the Type 1 A-IoT device is less than 1 microwatt (μW), it does not have uplink or downlink amplification circuits, and it transmits uplink data by backscattering external carrier wave (CW).

[0074] The peak power of the 2a type A-IoT device is less than several hundred microwatts (μW), it has uplink and downlink amplification circuits, and transmits uplink data by backscattering external carriers.

[0075] The 2b type A-IoT device has a peak power of less than several hundred microwatts (μW), has uplink and downlink amplification circuits, and transmits uplink data through its own generated carrier.

[0076] (2) Status of A-IoT devices

[0077] A-IoT devices can be in three states: ON, SLEEP, and OFF. An A-IoT device in the ON state must at least support data transmission and reception; an A-IoT device in the SLEEP state must at least support maintaining the data transmission and timer functions of the ON state, but must not support data transmission; an A-IoT device in the OFF state must not support data transmission and reception, but must at least support energy harvesting (e.g., harvesting energy from the environment and converting it into electrical energy).

[0078] It should be noted that A-IoT devices in active and A-IoT devices in dormant states may or may not support energy harvesting.

[0079] It should be noted that A-IoT devices can have more or fewer states, and this is not limited here.

[0080] (3) Reading device

[0081] RD typically refers to devices that communicate directly with A-IoT devices, including IN devices, BS, etc.

[0082] For example, the network topology of A-IoT devices includes two types:

[0083] refer to Figure 1 In (a) of this topology, A-IoT devices can communicate indirectly with the BS through one or more IN devices. That is, A-IoT devices can communicate directly with IN devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, and other user devices that can communicate with the BS), and IN devices can communicate directly with the BS (optional). In this topology, the IN device can be an RD.

[0084] refer to Figure 1 In (b) of this topology, A-IoT devices can communicate directly with the BS. In this topology, the BS can be the RD.

[0085] (4)RA

[0086] Random Access (RA) is a method for establishing communication connections between electronic devices. In RA, the communicating parties complete the access by sending and receiving random numbers (or random identifiers). RA can be divided into contention-based random access (CBRA) and contention-free random access (CFRA).

[0087] (5) CBRA process for A-IoT devices

[0088] After receiving a message that triggers RA, an A-IoT device can implement the CBRA process in the following two ways.

[0089] The first type is the CBRA, which includes three steps (S1, S2, and S3).

[0090] S1, A-IoT determines the corresponding occasion or resource for CBRA.

[0091] S2, contention resolution.

[0092] S2.1, the A-IoT device sends a random identifier (RID) to RD. The RID can be randomly generated, generated based on the A-IoT device's device identifier (DID), or generated in other ways.

[0093] S2.2, RD sends a receive response (including RID) to the A-IoT device. If the contention has been successfully resolved (i.e., there is no conflict between the A-IoT device and other A-IoT devices), RD can send a response including the received RID to the A-IoT device to indicate that the contention has been successfully resolved.

[0094] S3, A-IoT devices send DID to RD.

[0095] If an A-IoT device receives a response identical to the one it sent with its RID, it determines that the contention has been successfully resolved and sends a DID (and / or other data, such as instructions) to the RD.

[0096] The above-described random access process can be referred to as a 3-step RA (hereinafter referred to as 3RA). Specifically, the message including the RID sent by the A-IoT device to the RD in S2.1 can be referred to as message 1 (MSG1) of the 3-step RA (hereinafter referred to as 3RAMSG1); the message including the RID sent by the RD to the A-IoT device in S2.2 can be referred to as message 2 (MSG2) of the 3-step RA (hereinafter referred to as 3RAMSG2); and the message including the DID sent by the A-IoT device to the RD in S2.3 can be referred to as message 3 (MSG3) of the 3-step RA (hereinafter referred to as 3RAMSG3).

[0097] The second type includes two steps (S1 and S2) CBRA.

[0098] S1, A-IoT determines the timing and / or resource of CBRA.

[0099] S2, contention resolution.

[0100] S2.1', the A-IoT device sends RID and DID to RD.

[0101] Optionally, in step S2.1', the A-IoT device may also send a DID instead of a RID.

[0102] S2.2', RD sends a receive response (including the received RID) to A-IoT.

[0103] Optionally, if the A-IoT device sends a DID but not a RID in step S2.1', the RD in the receive response sent in S2.2' may include the DID but not the RID.

[0104] The above-mentioned random access process can be referred to as a 2-step RA (hereinafter referred to as 2RA). Among them, the message sent by the A-IoT device to the RD in S2.1', which includes RID and DID (or includes DID but not RID), can be referred to as message 1 (MSG1) of 2-step RA (hereinafter referred to as 2RAMSG1); the message sent by the RD to the A-IoT device in S2.2', which includes RID (or includes DID), can be referred to as message 2 (MSG2) of 2-step RA (hereinafter referred to as 2RAMSG2).

[0105] It should be noted that the specific processes of 3RA and 2RA will be described in detail below, and will not be repeated here.

[0106] (6) Inventory

[0107] Inventory checking typically refers to a communication service initiated by the Research and Development (RD) team to obtain the Device IDs (DIDs) of multiple A-IoT devices. These A-IoT devices connect to the RD via CBRA (Content Controller Area Network) and send their DIDs to the RD, allowing the RD to obtain the DIDs of A-IoT devices within its signal coverage area. For example, in a warehousing scenario, different goods may carry A-IoT devices with different DIDs. The RD can obtain the DIDs of each A-IoT device by triggering the A-IoT devices in the warehouse to connect to the RD via CBRA, and then use the association between the DIDs and the goods to determine the goods in the warehouse.

[0108] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0109] As described in the background section, if the speed at which an A-IoT device converts electrical energy is less than the speed at which it consumes electrical energy, or if the A-IoT device stores less energy, it will result in the A-IoT device not having enough electrical energy to complete a complete communication process (such as random access (RA)), affecting the communication between the A-IoT device and other devices.

[0110] For example, for a Type 1 A-IoT device, due to its low power, it typically takes several seconds to deplete its stored energy, while a single 3RA process usually lasts only tens of milliseconds, which is sufficient to avoid depleting the energy stored in the Type 1 A-IoT device. Upon receiving the first signal to trigger RA, if the Type 1 A-IoT device's battery level is insufficient to guarantee that the device remains operational for a duration greater than or equal to the duration of a single 3RA process, the 3RA process for the Type 1 A-IoT device will fail.

[0111] For example, Type 2 A-IoT devices have higher power consumption, and the time it takes to deplete their stored energy is typically several milliseconds to tens of milliseconds. The power consumption of Type 2 A-IoT devices in the environment is much lower than the power consumption during the CBRA process, which may cause the device's battery to run out before a 3RA process is completed. The Type 2 A-IoT device needs to be recharged and then either continue the 3RA process or re-execute the 3RA process after recharging. Because the recharging time for Type 2 A-IoT devices is relatively long (typically several seconds to tens of seconds), the CBRA latency is too high. For instance, if the Type 2 A-IoT device runs out of power after sending 3RAMSG1, it will not be able to receive 3RAMSG2 sent by RD; if it runs out of power after receiving 3RAMSG2, it will not be able to send 3RAMSG3 to RD. Thus, during inventory checks, RD may fail to obtain the DIDs of some Type 2 A-IoT devices, leading to inaccurate inventory results.

[0112] In the 2RA process, the A-IoT device only needs to send a message to the RD once (2RAMSG1), while in the 3RA process, the A-IoT device needs to send a message to the RD twice (3RAMSG1 and 3RAMSG2). Although the valid data (DID and RID) carried in 2RAMSG1, 3RAMSG1, and 3RAMSG2 are the same, other data (such as checksums and control information) also needs to be transmitted during the message transmission. Therefore, the 3RA process requires the transmission of more data than the 2RA process. Furthermore, triggering the A-IoT device to send or receive data also consumes additional power, and the power consumption of the 3RA process is higher than that of the 2RA process.

[0113] Based on this, this application provides a random access method. When the RD sends a first signaling (to instruct multiple A-IoT devices to randomly access the RD), it can instruct a first type of time-frequency resource for transmitting 3RAMSG1 and a second type of time-frequency resource for transmitting 2RAMSG1. After receiving the first signaling, the A-IoT devices can randomly access the RD using different methods (3RA or 2RA) based on whether the remaining power of the A-IoT devices is sufficient to complete the 3RA process.

[0114] For example, A-IoT can randomly access RD via 3RA when the access power conditions are met (access power conditions indicate that the remaining power of the A-IoT device can complete the 3RA process, such as the A-IoT being a Type 1 A-IoT device, the remaining power being greater than the power threshold, the remaining power maintaining the A-IoT device in working state for a duration greater than the working duration threshold, the remaining power allowing for more messages to be sent than the number of messages threshold, etc.); when the access power conditions are not met, it can randomly access RD via 2RA.

[0115] Based on the above method, two types of time-frequency resources are configured in the first signaling. A-IoT devices can randomly access the network using either 2RA or 3RA methods, depending on whether they meet the access power requirements. Thus, if the A-IoT device's power level is lower than the power required for the 3RA process but higher than the power required for the 2RA process, random access can be performed using 2RA and RD without interrupting the 3RA process, charging, and then resuming or restarting the 3RA process, which helps reduce latency during random access.

[0116] To facilitate understanding, the specific content of the 2RA and 3RA processes will be introduced below.

[0117] First, let's introduce the 2RA process.

[0118] For example, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a 2RA process is shown according to some embodiments of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the process includes:

[0119] S201, RD sends the first signaling, which indicates multiple 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources.

[0120] RD can send the first signaling according to its own business needs or requests sent by other devices (such as inventory requests). The first signaling can indicate one or more time-frequency resources for transmitting 2RAMSG1 (2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, also known as second-type time-frequency resources).

[0121] In some embodiments, the first signaling may indicate the device identifier or device group of the A-IoT device that needs to respond to the first signaling, or indicate that all devices need to respond to the first signaling.

[0122] It should be noted that time-frequency resources refer to the radio resources used to carry messages in a communication system, including time-domain resources and frequency-domain resources. The unit of time-domain resources can be a chip, symbol, slot, or millisecond (ms), etc.; the unit of frequency-domain resources can be a resource block (RB) or resource element (RE). In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources used for transmitting 2RAMSG1 and 3RAMSG1 can also be referred to as access occasions.

[0123] The method by which the first signaling indicates the time and frequency resources of 2RAMSG1 will be described below and will not be repeated here.

[0124] S202, the A-IoT device selects the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and sends 2RAMSG1 to RD through the selected 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, wherein 2RAMSG1 includes RID and DID, or includes DID.

[0125] After receiving the first signaling, the A-IoT device can respond to the first signaling by indicating its own DID, or indicating its own group, or indicating all devices, and select the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource to send 2RAMSG1 to RD.

[0126] In some embodiments, 2RAMSG1 may include RID and DID, or 2RAMSG1 may include DID but not RID.

[0127] In some embodiments, RID can be generated by A-IoT devices using a preset random number generation method (such as a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG), a true random number generator (TRNG), a hash function, etc.).

[0128] S203, RD sends 2RAMSG2 to the A-IoT device, 2RAMSG2 includes RID or DID.

[0129] After receiving each A-IoT device, the RD can send 2RAMSG2 to the A-IoT devices that do not have conflicts to indicate that the RD has successfully received the DID.

[0130] For example, if a time-frequency resource is selected by only one A-IoT device, that is, the RD receives only one 2RAMSG1 on a time-frequency resource, the RD can determine that the conflict of the A-IoT device has been resolved (the device is an A-IoT device without conflict), and send 2RAMSG2 to the A-IoT device without conflict. 2RAMSG2 includes the RID or DID of the A-IoT device.

[0131] In some embodiments, if 2RAMSG1 includes DID and RID, then 2RAMSG2 may include either DID or RID; if 2RAMSG1 includes DID but not RID, then 2RAMSG2 may include RID.

[0132] It should be noted that after receiving 2RAMSG2 containing its own DID or RID, an A-IoT device can determine that the RD has received its own DID.

[0133] It should be noted that a 2RAMSG2 can be for one A-IoT device or multiple A-IoT devices; this is not limited here. In other words, a 2RAMSG2 can include the DID (or RID) of one or more A-IoT devices.

[0134] The 3RA process is described below.

[0135] For example, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a 3RA process is shown according to some embodiments of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the process includes:

[0136] S301, RD sends the first signaling, which indicates multiple 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources.

[0137] RD can send the first signaling according to its own business needs or requests sent by other devices (such as inventory requests). The first signaling can indicate one or more time-frequency resources for transmitting 3RAMSG1 (3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, also known as the first type of time-frequency resources).

[0138] In some embodiments, the first signaling may indicate the device identifier or device group of the A-IoT device that needs to respond to the first signaling, or indicate that all devices need to respond to the first signaling.

[0139] The method by which the first signaling indicates the 3RAMSG1 time and frequency resources will be described below and will not be repeated here.

[0140] S302, the A-IoT device selects the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and sends 3RAMSG1 to RD through the selected 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, wherein 3RAMSG1 includes RID.

[0141] After receiving the first signaling, the A-IoT device can respond to the first signaling by indicating its own DID, or indicating its own group, or indicating all devices, and select the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource to send 3RAMSG1 to RD. 3RAMSG1 includes RID.

[0142] S303, RD sends 3RAMSG2 to the A-IoT device. 3RAMSG2 includes RID and indicates one or more 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources.

[0143] RD can send 3RAMSG2 to A-IoT devices that do not have conflicts, instructing A-IoT devices that do not have conflicts to send 3RAMSG3.

[0144] In some embodiments, 3RAMSG2 may indicate the time-frequency resources (3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources) of 3RAMSG3 used for transmitting each non-collision A-IoT device. The way 3RAMSG2 indicates the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources will be described below and will not be repeated here.

[0145] In some embodiments, the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources indicated by 3RAMSG2 correspond one-to-one with A-IoT devices that do not conflict.

[0146] It should be noted that a 3RAMSG2 can be for one A-IoT device or multiple A-IoT devices; this is not limited here. In other words, a 3RAMSG2 can include the RIDs of one or more A-IoT devices.

[0147] In some embodiments, 3RAMSG2 may not indicate the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource.

[0148] S304, the A-IoT device sends 3RAMSG3 to RD based on the corresponding 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource, where 3RAMSG3 includes DID.

[0149] In response to the received 3RAMSG2, including the RID (indicating successful conflict resolution), the A-IoT device can send 3RAMSG3 to RD based on the corresponding 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource. 3RAMSG3 includes DID.

[0150] In some embodiments, the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource can be a predefined time-frequency resource, rather than being indicated by 3RAMSG2.

[0151] It should be noted that the 3RA process of the A-IoT device ends after sending 3RAMSG3 to RD.

[0152] The following is combined with Figure 2 The 2RA process shown and Figure 3 The 3RA process shown illustrates the technical solution of this application.

[0153] In some embodiments, the first signaling sent by RD can simultaneously indicate 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, wherein the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources may be later than the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the time domain. The A-IoT device receiving the first signaling can determine the random access method (3RA or 2RA) to be adopted based on whether it meets the access power conditions, and select the time-frequency resources corresponding to the determined random access method to send 3RAMSG1 or 2RAMSG1.

[0154] In some embodiments, the access power conditions may include at least one of the following conditions: the A-IoT device is a Type 1 A-IoT device; the remaining power of the A-IoT device is greater than a power threshold; the number of messages that the remaining power of the A-IoT device can transmit is greater than a number threshold; the duration that the remaining power of the A-IoT device can sustain data transmission is greater than a duration threshold; the remaining power of the A-IoT device is greater than or equal to the power required for the 3RA process. In other words, the A-IoT device can determine whether to use 3RA or 2RA for random access with RD based on its own device type or remaining power.

[0155] In some embodiments, the aforementioned power threshold, number of times threshold, duration threshold, and power required for the 3RA process can be empirical values ​​or preset values. Alternatively, they can be transmitted to the A-IoT device by the RD via a first signaling message or other messages; this is not limited here.

[0156] For ease of description, A-IoT devices that meet the access power requirements will be referred to as 3RAA-IoT devices; A-IoT devices that do not meet the access power requirements will be referred to as 2RAA-IoT devices. It should be noted that for an A-IoT device, depending on its own state and the time, it can be either a 3RAA-IoT device or a 2RAA-IoT device.

[0157] For example, Figure 4AAccording to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the interaction flow of a random access method following the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource in the time domain of the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource is shown. Figure 4A As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0158] S401: RD sends a first signaling instruction indicating at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, wherein the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource is in the time domain after the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0159] The RD can send a first signaling message based on its own operating logic or a request sent by other devices. This first signaling message can indicate at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, wherein the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource is in the time domain after the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. That is, the transmission timing corresponding to the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource is in the time domain after the transmission timing corresponding to the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0160] For example, refer to Figure 4B The 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources indicated by the first signaling sent by RD may include time-frequency resources 2RA1-1 and 2RA1-2; the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources indicated by the first signaling may include time-frequency resources 3RA1-1, 3RA1-2, 3RA1-3, and 3RA1-4. In the time domain, time-frequency resources 3RA1-1, 3RA1-2, 3RA1-3, and 3RA1-4 are later than time-frequency resources 2RA1-1 and 2RA1-2.

[0161] Figure 4C According to some embodiments of this application, a method is shown. Figure 4B A schematic diagram illustrating the time-domain and frequency-domain partitioning of various time-frequency resources. Figure 4C In the given information, df1 = df2 = df. (See reference.) Figure 4C :

[0162] Time-frequency resource 2RA1-1 is a time-frequency resource that extends from t0 to t0+dt1 in the time domain and from f0 to f0+df1 in the frequency domain.

[0163] Time-frequency resource 2RA1-2 is a time-frequency resource that extends from t0 to t0+dt1 in the time domain and from f0+of to f0+of+df1 in the frequency domain.

[0164] Time-frequency resource 3RA1-1 is the time-frequency resource from t0+ot1 to t0+ot1+dt2 in the time domain and from f0 to f0+df2 in the frequency domain;

[0165] Time-frequency resource 3RA1-2 is the time-frequency resource from t0+ot1 to t0+ot1+dt2 in the time domain and from f0+of to f0+of+df2 in the frequency domain;

[0166] Time-frequency resource 3RA1-3 is the time-frequency resource from t0+ot1+ot2 to t0+ot1+ot2+dt2 in the time domain and from f0 to f0+df2 in the frequency domain;

[0167] Time-frequency resources 3RA1-4 are time-frequency resources ranging from t0+ot1+ot2 to t0+ot1+ot2+dt2 in the time domain and from f0+of to f0+of+df2 in the frequency domain.

[0168] It should be noted that the number of time-frequency resources in 2RAMSG1 and the number of time-frequency resources in 3RAMSG1 are just examples, and in other embodiments, they can be any other values.

[0169] In some embodiments, the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources can be time-frequency resources with predefined preset resource parameters. The first signaling can indicate at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource by indicating the number of 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and the number of 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources. For example, the preset resource parameters may include the time domain duration, frequency domain bandwidth, the start time of the first time-frequency resource, the start frequency of the first time-frequency resource, the time domain offset of time-adjacent time-frequency resources (or the time domain offset of each time-frequency resource relative to the first time-frequency resource), the frequency domain offset of frequency-adjacent time-frequency resources (or the frequency domain offset of each time-frequency resource relative to the first time-frequency resource), and the order of different types of time-frequency resources.

[0170] In some embodiments, the time domain size can be the duration, the number of slots, the number of chips, etc. The frequency domain size can be the bandwidth, resource element (RE), resource block (RB), etc.

[0171] Based on this, the first signaling can indicate at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource by indicating the quantity (Q) of different types of time-frequency resources. For example, the first signaling may include Q1 and Q2, where Q1 indicates that the quantity of 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources is 2. Q1 Q2 indicates that the number of time-frequency resources in RAMSG1 is 2.Q2 For example, for Figure 4B In the scenario shown, Q1 is 1 (indicating time-frequency resources 2RA1-1 and 2RA1-2), and Q2 is 2 (indicating time-frequency resources 3RA1-1, 3RA1-2, 3RA1-3, and 3RA1-4). The method of indicating 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and / or 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources by quantity, with predefined preset resource parameters for the time-frequency resources, is referred to as the first indication method.

[0172] In some embodiments, the first signaling corresponding to the first indication method may also indicate the order of the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, so as to indicate the order in which at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource are arranged. For example, if the order is 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources first and then 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, the first signaling indication may be {Q1, Q2}; if the order is 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources first and then 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, the first signaling indication may be {Q2, Q1}.

[0173] based on Figure 4C If the time-frequency resources shown are predefined in the order of t0, f0, dt1, df1, ot1, of, dt2, df2, ot2 (2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource first, then 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource), then the first signaling can indicate the aforementioned time-frequency resources 2RA1-1, 2RA1-2, 3RA1-1, 3RA1-2, 3RA1-3, and 3RA1-4 in the manner of {Q1=1, Q2=2}.

[0174] In some embodiments, the first signaling can indicate the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources by the number of 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, the start time (timestart) and start frequency (freqstart) of the first 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, the time domain size (duration) and frequency domain size (bandwidth) of the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, and the time domain offset (timeoffset) and frequency domain offset (freqoffset) of each other 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource relative to the first 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. Correspondingly, the first signaling can also indicate the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources by sending the number of 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, the start time (timestart) and start frequency (freqstart) of the first 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, the time domain size (duration) and frequency domain size (bandwidth) of the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, and the time domain offset (timeoffset) and frequency domain offset (freqoffset) of each other 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource relative to the first 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. The following method of indicating 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and / or 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources by means of the number of time-frequency resources, the start time and start frequency of the first time-frequency resource, the time domain size and frequency domain size of the time-frequency resource, and the time domain offset and frequency domain offset of other time-frequency resources relative to the first time-frequency resource is referred to as the second indication method.

[0175] For example, the first signaling of the second indication method can indicate either a 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource or a 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource through fields such as resource set {type, Q, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, {timeoffset, freqoffset}...{timeoffset, freqoffset}}. The type field indicates whether the time-frequency resource is a 3RAMSG1 resource or a 2RAMSG1 resource, and Q indicates the quantity of the time-frequency resource (e.g., 2). Q Or other calculation methods (such as Q, multiples of Q, etc.)).

[0176] Assuming type = 1 (or other values) indicates 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and type = 0 (or other values) indicates 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, the first signaling based on the above second indication method can be transmitted through the resource set {1, Q1, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, (2 Q1-1) {timeoffset, freqoffset}} to indicate at least one of the above 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, and through the resource set {0, Q2, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, (2 Q2 -1) {timeoffset, freqoffset}} to indicate at least one of the above 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources. For example, for Figure 4B and Figure 4C As shown, time-frequency resources 2RA1-1 and 2RA1-2 can be indicated by the time-frequency resource set {1, 1, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {0, of}}, and time-frequency resources 3RA1-1, 3RA1-2, 3RA1-3, and 3RA1-4 can be indicated by the resource set {0, 2, {t0+ot1, dt2, f0, df2}, {0, of}, {ot2, 0}, {ot2, of}}.

[0177] It should be noted that, in the first signaling based on the second indication method described above, the resource set of the indicated 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and the resource set of the indicated 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource can also be merged into one resource set. For example, the first signaling can be configured using the resource set {type=1, Q1, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, (2... Q1 -1) {timeoffset, freqoffset}, type=0, Q2, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, (2 Q2 -1) {timeoffset, freqoffset}} to indicate at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. For example, for Figure 4B and Figure 4C As shown, the aforementioned time-frequency resources 2RA1-1, 2RA1-2, 3RA1-1, 3RA1-2, 3RA1-3, and 3RA1-4 can be indicated by the time-frequency resource set {1, 1, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {0, of}, 0, 2, {t0+ot1, dt2, f0, df2}, {0, of}, {ot2, 0}, {ot2, of}}.

[0178] In some embodiments, the order of 2RAMSG1 and 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the time-frequency resource set can also be predefined, thus eliminating the need to configure the type field in the first signaling based on the second indication method described above. For example, the first set of quantity (Q), resource parameters (start time, time domain size, start frequency, frequency domain size), time domain offset, and frequency domain offset correspond to one type (e.g., 2RAMSG1 or 3RAMSG1) of time-frequency resources; while the second set of quantity, resource parameters (start time, time domain size, start frequency, frequency domain size), time domain offset, and frequency domain offset correspond to another type (e.g., 3RAMSG1 or 2RAMSG1) of time-frequency resources. Based on this, the above {type = 1, Q1, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, (2 Q1 -1) {timeoffset, freqoffset}, type=0, Q2, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, (2 Q2 -1) {timeoffset, freqoffset} can be simplified to {Q1, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, (2) Q1 -1) {timeoffset, freqoffset}, Q2, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, (2 Q2 -1) {timeoffset, freqoffset}}. For example, the aforementioned time-frequency resource set {1, 1, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {0, of}, 0, 2, {t0+ot1, dt2, f0, df2}, {0, of}, {ot2, 0}, {ot2, of}} can be simplified to the time-frequency resource set {1, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {0, of}, 2, {t0+ot1, dt2, f0, df2}, {0, of}, {ot2, 0}, {ot2, of}}. This reduces the amount of data in the first signaling instruction.

[0179] It should be noted that the order of the fields in the above examples can be adjusted, and the contents of the fields can be merged; no restrictions are imposed here.

[0180] In some embodiments, the first signaling may also indicate the at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and the at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource by indicating the start time, start frequency, time domain size, and frequency domain size of each time-frequency resource. The method of listing the start time, start frequency, time domain size, and frequency domain size of each time-frequency resource in the first signaling will be referred to as the third indication method.

[0181] For example, the first signaling based on the third indication method may indicate a time-frequency resource set, and Q1 indicating the number of 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the time-frequency resource set, and Q2 indicating the number of 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resource set may include the start time, time domain size, start frequency, and frequency domain size of each time-frequency resource. For example, the first signaling may include the following: {Q1, Q2, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth},…,{timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}}, where Q2 is followed by 2... Q1 +2 Q2 The {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth} values ​​indicate the number of 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources following Q1 and Q2. Q1 3 RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and 2 Q2 One 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. For example, for Figure 4B and Figure 4C In the scenario shown, the time-frequency resource set indicated in the first signaling can be {1, 2, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {t0, dt1, f0+of, df1}, {t0+ot1, dt2, f0, df2}, {t0+ot1, dt2, f0+of, df2}, {t0+ot1+ot2, dt2, f0, df2}, {t0+ot1+ot2, dt2, f0+of, df2}}.

[0182] In other embodiments, a time-frequency resource set in the first signaling based on the third indication method may also be {Q1, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, ..., {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, Q2, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, ..., {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}}, wherein Q1 and Q2 include 2Q1 The {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, Q2, includes 2 Q2 There are {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}. The above indicates that there are 2 [timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth] after Q1. Q1 2 RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, with 2 after Q2. Q2 Each 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. For example, for Figure 4B and Figure 4C In the scenario shown, the time-frequency resource set indicated in the first signaling can be {1, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {t0, dt1, f0+of, df1}, 2, {t0+ot1, dt2, f0, df2}, {t0+ot1, dt2, f0+of, df2}, {t0+ot1+ot2, dt2, f0, df2}, {t0+ot1+ot2, dt2, f0+of, df2}}.

[0183] For example, the first signaling based on the third indication method can indicate two time-frequency resource sets (e.g., two lists, two fields, etc.), one time-frequency resource set corresponding to one type of time-frequency resource, and the other time-frequency resource set corresponding to another type of time-frequency resource. The start time, start frequency, time domain size, and frequency domain size of the aforementioned at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource can be configured in one time-frequency resource set, and the start time, start frequency, time domain size, and frequency domain size of the aforementioned at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource can be configured in another time-frequency resource set. Exemplarily, a time-frequency resource set may include 2... Q1 The {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth} indicates 2. Q1 Each 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource corresponds to a start time, a start frequency, a time domain size, and a frequency domain size; another time-frequency resource set may include 2 Q2 The {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth} indicates 2. Q2 The start time, start frequency, time domain size, and frequency domain size are respectively defined for each 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. For Figure 4B and Figure 4CIn the case of time-frequency resources 2RA1-1 and 2RA1-2, the time-frequency resource sets can be {{t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {t0, dt1, f0+of, df1}}; the time-frequency resource sets of time-frequency resources 3RA1-1, 3RA1-2, 3RA1-3 and 3RA1-4 can be represented as {{t0+ot1, dt2, f0, df1}, {t0+ot1, dt2, f0+of, df2}, {t0+ot1+ot2, dt2, f0, df2}, {t0+ot1+ot2, dt2, f0+of, df2}}.

[0184] For example, the first signaling may indicate two time-frequency resource sets (e.g., two lists, two fields, etc.), with each set corresponding to a specific type of time-frequency resource. Each time-frequency resource set can be identified by a type field indicating the type of time-frequency resource it corresponds to. The resource set {type = 1, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, ..., {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}} may include 2... Q1 Each 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource corresponds to a start time, a start frequency, a time domain size, and a frequency domain size; the resource set {type = 0, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, ..., {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}} can include 2 Q2 The start time, start frequency, time domain size, and frequency domain size are respectively defined for each 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. For Figure 4B and Figure 4C In the case of time-frequency resources 2RA1-1 and 2RA1-2, the time-frequency resource sets can be {1, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {t0, dt1, f0+of, df1}}; the time-frequency resource sets of time-frequency resources 3RA1-1, 3RA1-2, 3RA1-3 and 3RA1-4 can be represented as {0, {t0+ot1, dt2, f0, df2}, {t0+ot1, dt2, f0+of, df2}, {t0+ot1+ot2, dt2, f0, df2}, {t0+ot1+ot2, dt2, f0+of, df2}}.

[0185] It should be noted that in some other embodiments, the first signaling may also indicate the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in other ways, which is not limited here.

[0186] In some embodiments, the RD may embed information indicating at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource (hereinafter referred to as time-frequency resource indication information, such as the information corresponding to the first indication method, the second indication method, and the third indication method) into layer 1 control (e.g., physical layer (PH)) or high layer signaling, and transmit the time-frequency resource indication information to the A-IoT device through the physical reader device channel (PRDCH) (the physical channel used by the RD to transmit data to the A-IoT device).

[0187] In some embodiments, after receiving higher-level signaling (e.g., media access control (MAC) layer, A-IoT layer (a newly defined layer for A-IoT), non-access (NAS) layer, application layer, etc.) from higher layers, the physical layer of the RD can encapsulate the higher-level signaling in a physical data field, add a header field before the physical data field, and add a checksum (e.g., cyclic redundancy check (CRC)) field after the physical data field. Then, it sends the header field, physical data field, and CRC field to the A-IoT device via the PRDCH. Based on this, time-frequency resource indication information can be embedded in the header field for transmission.

[0188] For example, RD can break down time-frequency resource indication information into one or more control packets to indicate different content. A control packet may include a control filed field and a control content field. For example, Table 1 shows an example of the content in a control packet.

[0189] Table 1

[0190] Control domain (3 bits) Control Content control package 001 X position Allocate time domain resources 010 Y position Allocate frequency domain resources 011 Z position Indicate the quantity of resources 100 U position Indicates the status of A-IoT devices

[0191] As shown in Table 1, the control field of a control packet can include 3 bits to indicate the control type of a control packet. For example, 001 indicates that the control packet is used to indicate the allocation of time-domain resources, 010 indicates that the control packet is used to indicate the allocation of frequency-domain resources, 011 indicates that the control packet is used to indicate the quantity of resources, and 100 indicates that the control packet is used to indicate the status of A-IoT devices. The control content field is used to indicate the specific content that the control packet needs to indicate, such as the aforementioned time-frequency resource indication information. Among them, when the control field field of the control packet is 001, 010, 011, or 100, the number of bits in the control content field is X bits, Y bits, Z bits, and U bits, respectively. X, Y, Z, and U can be the same or different.

[0192] For example, when the control field is 001, the control content field may include the start time of the time-frequency resource, the time domain size and time domain offset, the type (e.g., the aforementioned type field) / quantity / order of the time-frequency resource, etc.; when the control field is 010, the control content field may include the start frequency of the time-frequency resource, the frequency domain size and frequency domain offset, the type (e.g., the aforementioned type field) / quantity / order of the time-frequency resource, etc.

[0193] It should be noted that when the control field of the control package is 100, the control package can be used to instruct the A-IoT device to maintain or switch states (e.g., sleep, work, or off) (the content of the control package can be called a state switching indication).

[0194] In some embodiments, the control field is optional. For example, if the correspondence between the data in the header field and the control field is predefined, the control package may not include the control field.

[0195] It should be noted that in some other embodiments, the control package may include more fields, which are not limited here.

[0196] In some embodiments, time-frequency resource indication information can be transmitted via one or more control packets.

[0197] For example, Figure 5A According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram is shown of transmitting a control packet before adding it to a physical layer data field.

[0198] like Figure 5AAs shown, after receiving the clock acquisition signal (R2DTAS) from the RD to the device (used to indicate the start of the RD to device (reader to device, R2D) transmission), the RD can first transmit N (N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1) control packets in the header of the physical layer data packet, then transmit the physical layer data field of the physical layer data packet, and finally transmit the checksum field of the physical layer data packet.

[0199] In some embodiments, R2DTAS may include a start-indicator portion and a clock-acquisition portion.

[0200] In some embodiments, the R2DTAS signal may also be referred to as the R2D preamble.

[0201] In some embodiments, RD may first transmit N (N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1) control packets in the physical layer data packet header via PRDCH, then transmit the control packet checksums (optional) corresponding to the N control packets, then transmit the physical layer data field of the physical layer data packet, and finally transmit the checksum field of the physical layer data packet.

[0202] In some embodiments, time-frequency resource indication information can also be embedded in higher-layer signaling, such as a MAC layer control element (MAC CE). In this approach, refer to... Figure 5B After R2DTAS, RD can embed high-level data, including time and frequency resource indication information, into the physical layer data field of the physical layer data packet and transmit it to the A-IoT device through PRDCH.

[0203] In some embodiments, the first signaling can be any signaling, including but not limited to paging message, repaging message, slotstart message, occasionstart message, query, queryrep message, roundstart message, etc.

[0204] In some embodiments, the first signaling may indicate the device identifier or device group of the A-IoT device that needs to respond to the first signaling, or it may indicate that all devices that receive the first signaling need to respond to the first signaling.

[0205] In some embodiments, the first signaling may also include at least one of the following parameters in the aforementioned access power conditions: power threshold, number of times threshold, duration threshold, and power required for the 3RA process.

[0206] In some embodiments, the first signaling may further include an inventory idendifier.

[0207] In response to the fact that the access power condition is not met, the S402A, 2RA A-IoT device selects the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and sends 2RAMSG1 to RD based on the selected 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0208] Upon receiving the first signaling, the 2RA A-IoT device can determine to access the RD via 2RA if it does not meet the access power requirements, and select one (or more) 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources from at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource indicated by the first signaling. When the transmission opportunity of the selected 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource arrives, the 2RA A-IoT device can send 2RAMSG1 to the RD through that 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0209] It should be noted that different 2RAA-IoT devices may or may not select the same 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. If multiple 2RAA-IoT devices select the same 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, these multiple 2RAA-IoT devices will need to compete for the same 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, resulting in a conflict.

[0210] For example, refer to Figure 4B A 2RAA-IoT device can choose time-frequency resource 2RA1-1 or time-frequency resource 2RA1-2 to send 2RAMSG1. If two 2RAA-IoT devices both choose time-frequency resource 2RA1-1 or time-frequency resource 2RA1-2, then there is a conflict between the two 2RAA-IoT devices.

[0211] In some embodiments, 2RAMSG1 may include the DID of the 2RA A-IoT device, or may include the DID of the 2RA A-IoT device and the RID generated by the 2RA A-IoT device.

[0212] In some embodiments, when a 2RA A-IoT device begins responding to a first signaling, it can maintain the processing status of that first signaling (e.g., recording the identifier of the first signaling (e.g., an inventor identifier) ​​and the processing progress). For example, when sending 2RAMSG1, the 2RA A-IoT device can configure the processing progress to be in progress (e.g., 0); upon receiving 2RAMSG2, it can configure the processing progress to be completed (e.g., 1). After the 2RA process for a first signaling is completed, the 2RA A-IoT device can also clear the processing status for that first signaling.

[0213] S402B, 3RAA-IoT device awaits connection.

[0214] The 3RA A-IoT device can wait for access before the transmission opportunity of the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource arrives. Step S402B is optional.

[0215] S403, the 3RA A-IoT device, in response to meeting the access power conditions, selects the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and sends 3RAMSG1 to RD based on the selected 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0216] Upon receiving the first signaling, the 3RA A-IoT device can determine whether to access the RD via 3RA if it meets the access power requirements, and select one (or more) 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources from at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource indicated by the first signaling. When the transmission opportunity of the selected 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource arrives, the 3RA A-IoT device can send 3RAMSG1 to the RD through that 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0217] It should be noted that different 3RA A-IoT devices may or may not select the same 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. If multiple 3RA A-IoT devices select the same 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, these multiple 3RA A-IoT devices will need to compete for the same 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, resulting in a conflict.

[0218] For example, refer to Figure 4B A 3RA A-IoT device can choose any one of the time-frequency resources 3RA1-1, 3RA1-2, 3RA1-3, or 3RA1-4 to send 3RAMSG1. If multiple 3RA A-IoT devices all select time-frequency resources 3RA1-1, 3RA1-2, 3RA1-3, or 3RA1-4, then there is a conflict among these multiple 3RA A-IoT devices.

[0219] In some embodiments, 3RAMSG1 may include the RID generated by the 3RAA-IoT device.

[0220] In some embodiments, when a 3RA A-IoT device begins responding to a first signaling, it can maintain the processing status of that first signaling (e.g., recording the identifier of the first signaling (e.g., an inventor identifier) ​​and the processing progress). For example, when sending 3RAMSG1, the 3RA A-IoT device can configure the processing progress to start processing (e.g., 00); upon receiving 3RAMSG2, it can configure the processing progress to process (e.g., 01); and upon sending 3RAMSG3, it can configure the processing progress to complete (e.g., 11). After the 3RA process for a first signaling is completed, the 3RA A-IoT device can also clear the processing status for that first signaling.

[0221] S404, RD responds to 2RAMSG1 and 3RMSG1 by sending 2RAMSG2 and 3RAMSG2, where 3RAMSG2 indicates the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource corresponding to the non-conflicting 3RAA-IoT device.

[0222] After receiving 2RAMSG1 and 3RMSG1 transmitted through various time-frequency resources, the RD can identify conflict-free 3RA A-IoT devices and 2RA A-IoT devices. If a 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource transmits only a 2RA A-IoT device's 2RAMSG1, then that 2RA device is a conflict-free 2RA A-IoT device; similarly, if a 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource transmits only a 3RA A-IoT device's 3RAMSG1, then that 3RA device is a conflict-free 3RA A-IoT device. The RD can then transmit 3RAMSG2 for conflict-free 3RA A-IoT devices and 2RAMSG2 for conflict-free 2RA A-IoT devices.

[0223] For example, refer to Figure 4B After receiving 2RAMSG1 and 3RAMSG1, RD can send 2RAMSG2 and 3RAMSG2 at time T0.

[0224] In some embodiments, the 3RAMSG2 indicates that the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources corresponding to non-conflicting 3RA A-IoT devices can be one-to-one with non-conflicting 3RA A-IoT devices.

[0225] In some embodiments, the MSG3 time-frequency resource can be associated with the DID or RID of the 3RA A-IoT device, so that the 3RA A-IoT device can obtain its corresponding MSG3 time-frequency resource based on the DID or RID.

[0226] In some embodiments, if 2RAMSG1 of a 2RA A-IoT device includes DID and RID, then 2RAMSG2 may include the DID and / or RID of the 2RA A-IoT device; if 2RAMSG1 of a 2RA A-IoT device includes DID but does not include RID, then 2RAMSG2 may include the DID of the 2RA A-IoT device.

[0227] In some embodiments, 2RAMSG2 may also include a state switching indication to instruct the 2RAA-IoT device to switch to a sleep state or a shutdown state after receiving 2RAMSG2.

[0228] In some embodiments, 3RAMSG2 may also include a state switching indication to indicate that the 3RAA-IoT device switches to a sleep state or a shutdown state after sending 3RAMSG3.

[0229] It should be noted that when there are multiple 3RA A-IoT devices without conflict, RD can use one 3RAMSG2 to transmit 3RAMSG2 for all 3RA A-IoT devices, or it can use multiple 3RAMSG2 to transmit 3RAMSG2 for each of the multiple 3RA A-IoT devices separately.

[0230] It should be noted that when there are multiple 2RA A-IoT devices without conflict, RD can use one 2RAMSG2 to transmit 2RAMSG2 for all the 2RA A-IoT devices, or it can use multiple 2RAMSG2 to transmit 2RAMSG2 for each of the multiple 2RA A-IoT devices separately.

[0231] In some embodiments, the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource can also be predefined, so 3RAMSG2 may not indicate the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource, which is not limited here.

[0232] In some embodiments, the 3RAMSG2 indicating the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources can be the aforementioned first indication method (indicating the number of 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources), the aforementioned second indication method (indicating the number / time domain size / frequency domain size of 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources, the start time / start frequency of the first 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource, and the frequency domain offset and time domain offset of other 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources relative to the first 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource), the aforementioned third indication method (indicating the start time, start frequency, time domain size, and frequency domain size of each 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource), or other indication methods. For details, please refer to step S401 above, which will not be elaborated here. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resource indication information indicating the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources can be transmitted via L1 control and higher-layer signaling, as detailed in step S401 above, which will not be elaborated here.

[0233] S405A, 2RA A-IoT devices can be put into sleep or turned off.

[0234] When a 2RAA-IoT device receives a 2RAMSG2 containing its own DID or the RID sent to the RD, it can switch to a sleep or shutdown state in response to the 2RAMSG2 to facilitate charging of the 2RAA-IoT device.

[0235] In some embodiments, S405A is optional.

[0236] For example, refer to Figure 4B After receiving the 2RAMSG2 signal at time T0, the 2RAA-IoT device can switch to sleep or off state to facilitate charging.

[0237] It should be noted that after receiving the 2RAMSG2, the 2RA A-IoT device can automatically switch to a sleep or off state, or switch to a sleep or off state in response to the state switching indication in the 2RAMSG2.

[0238] S405B, 3RA A-IoT devices respond to 3RAMSG2 by sending 3RAMSG3 based on the corresponding 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources.

[0239] When a 3RA A-IoT device receives a 3RAMSG2 containing its own RID sent to the RD, it can respond to the 3RAMSG2 by sending a 3RAMSG3 to the RD based on the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource indicated by the 3RAMSG2. The 3RAMSG3 contains the DID of the 3RA A-IoT device.

[0240] For example, refer to Figure 4BAfter receiving 3RAMSG2 at time T0, the 3RAA-IoT device sends 3RAMSG3 based on the time-frequency resource of its corresponding 3RAMSG3.

[0241] S406, 3RA A-IoT devices can be put into sleep or turned off.

[0242] After sending 3RAMSG3 to RD, the 3RA A-IoT device completes random access and enters a sleep or shutdown state.

[0243] It should be noted that step S406 is optional, meaning that the 3RAA-IoT device can remain operational after sending 3RAMSG3 to RD, and this is not limited here.

[0244] It should be noted that after sending 3RAMSG3, the 3RAA-IoT device can automatically switch to a sleep or off state, or switch to a sleep or off state in response to the state switching indication in 3RAMSG2.

[0245] Based on the above method, the RD can indicate the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the first signaling, so that the A-IoT device can select the corresponding time-frequency resources and use the corresponding random access method to randomly access the RD based on whether it meets the access power conditions.

[0246] In other embodiments, the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource in the first signaling is time-domain after the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0247] For example, Figure 6A According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the interaction flow of a random access method for 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources following 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the time domain is shown. Figure 6B According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of a random access method for 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources following 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the time domain is shown. Figure 6A As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0248] S601: RD sends a first signaling instruction, the first signaling instruction indicating at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, wherein the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource is in the time domain after the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0249] The RD can send a first signaling according to its own operating logic or a request sent by other devices. The first signaling can indicate at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, wherein the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource is after the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource in the time domain.

[0250] For example, refer to Figure 6B The 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources indicated by the first signaling sent by RD may include time-frequency resources 2RA1-1' and 2RA1-2'; the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources indicated by the first signaling may include time-frequency resources 3RA1-1', 3RA1-2', 3RA1-3', and 3RA1-4'. In the time domain, time-frequency resources 3RA1-1', 3RA1-2', 3RA1-3', and 3RA1-4' precede time-frequency resources 2RA1-1' and 2RA1-2'.

[0251] Figure 6C According to some embodiments of this application, a method is shown. Figure 6B A schematic diagram illustrating the time-domain and frequency-domain partitioning of various time-frequency resources. Figure 6C In the given information, df1 = df2 = df. (See reference.) Figure 6C :

[0252] Time-frequency resource 3RA1-1' is the time-frequency resource from t0 to t0+dt2 in the time domain and from f0 to f0+df2 in the frequency domain;

[0253] Time-frequency resource 3RA1-2' is the time-frequency resource from t0 to t0+dt2 in the time domain and from f0+of to f0+of+df2 in the frequency domain;

[0254] Time-frequency resource 3RA1-3' is the time-frequency resource from t0+ot2 to t0+ot2+dt2 in the time domain and from f0 to f0+df2 in the frequency domain;

[0255] Time-frequency resources 3RA1-4' are time-frequency resources from t0+ot2 to t0+ot2+dt2 in the time domain and from f0+of to f0+of+df2 in the frequency domain;

[0256] Time-frequency resource 2RA1-1' is the time-frequency resource from t0+2ot2 to t0+2ot2+dt1 in the time domain and from f0 to f0+df1 in the frequency domain;

[0257] Time-frequency resource 2RA1-2' is the time-frequency resource from t0+2ot2 to t0+2ot2+dt1 in the time domain and from f0+of to f0+of+df1 in the frequency domain.

[0258] In some embodiments, the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources can be time-frequency resources with predefined preset resource parameters. The first signaling can indicate the quantity Q2 of the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and the quantity Q1 of the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the aforementioned first indication method, thereby indicating at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. For example, for Figure 6B In the scenario shown, if the order of time-frequency resources t0, f0, dt1, df1, ot1, of, dt2, df2, ot2 (3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource first, then 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource) is predefined, then the first signaling can indicate the aforementioned time-frequency resources 2RA1-1', 2RA1-2', 3RA1-1', 3RA1-2', 3RA1-3', and 3RA1-4' using the method {Q2=2, Q2=1}.

[0259] In some embodiments, the first signaling may also be used to access at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource via the aforementioned second indication method.

[0260] For example, assuming type = 1 (or other values) indicates 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and type = 0 (or other values) indicates 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, the first signaling based on the above second indication method can be transmitted through the resource set {1, Q1, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, (2 Q1 -1) {timeoffset, freqoffset}} to indicate 2 Q1 Two RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, and through the resource set {0, Q2, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, (2 Q2 -1) {timeoffset, freqoffset}} to indicate 2 Q2 Each 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. For example, for Figure 6B and Figure 6C As shown, time-frequency resources 3RA1-1', 3RA1-2', 3RA1-3', and 3RA1-4' can be indicated by the resource set {0, 2, {t0, dt2, f0, df2}, {0, of}, {ot2, 0}, {ot2, of}}; time-frequency resources 2RA1-1' and 2RA1-2' can be indicated by the resource set {1, 1, {t0+2ot2, dt1, f0, df1}, {0, of}}.

[0261] It should be noted that the resource set indicating the time-frequency resources of RAMSG1 and the resource set indicating the time-frequency resources of RAMSG1 can also be merged into a single resource set. For example, for Figure 6B and Figure 6C As shown, the aforementioned time-frequency resources 3RA1-1', 3RA1-2', 3RA1-3', 3RA1-4', 2RA1-1', and 2RA1-2' can be indicated by the time-frequency resource set {0, 2, {t0, dt2, f0, df2}, {0, of}, {ot2, 0}, {ot2, of}, 1, 1, {t0+2ot2, dt1, f0, df1}, {0, of}}.

[0262] In some embodiments, the order of the 2RAMSG1 and 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the resource set can be predefined, thus eliminating the need to configure the type field in the resource set. For example, the aforementioned time-frequency resource set {0, 2, {t0, dt2, f0, df2}, {0, of}, {ot2, 0}, {ot2, of}, 1, 1, {t0+2ot2, dt1, f0, df1}, {0, of}} can be simplified to the time-frequency resource set {2, {t0, dt2, f0, df2}, {0, of}, {ot2, 0}, {ot2, of}, 1, {t0+2ot2, dt1, f0, df1}, {0, of}}. This reduces the amount of data in the first signaling.

[0263] In some embodiments, the first signaling may also indicate the at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and the at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource through the aforementioned third indication method.

[0264] For example, the first signaling can indicate at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource through a time-frequency resource set. For example, for Figure 6B and Figure 6CIn the scenario shown, the time-frequency resource set indicated in the first signaling can be {2, 1, {t0, dt2, f0, df1}, {t0, dt2, f0+of, df2}, {t0+ot2, dt2, f0, df1}, {t0+ot2, dt2, f0+of, df2}, {t0+2ot2, dt1, f0, df1}, {t0+ot2, dt1, f0 +of,df1}}; or {2,{t0,dt2,f0,df1},{t0,dt2,f0+of,df2},{t0+ot2,dt2,f0,df1},{t0+ot2,dt2,f0+of,df2},1,{t0+2ot2,dt1,f0,df1},{t0+ot2,dt1,f0+of,df1}}.

[0265] For example, the first signaling may indicate two time-frequency resource sets (e.g., two lists, two fields, etc.), with one time-frequency resource set corresponding to a type of time-frequency resource. For Figure 6B and Figure 6C In the scenario shown, the two time-frequency resource sets can be time-frequency resource sets {{t0, dt2, f0, df1}, {t0, dt2, f0+of, df2}, {t0+ot2, dt2, f0, df1}, {t0+ot2, dt2, f0+of, df2}} and {{t0+2ot2, dt1, f0, df1}, {t0+ot2, dt1, f0+of, df1}}.

[0266] In some embodiments, the RD can transmit the time-frequency resource indication information, which indicates at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, to the A-IoT device via PRDCH in the form of L1 control or higher-layer signaling. For details, please refer to the aforementioned step S401, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0267] In some embodiments, the first signaling can be any signaling, including but not limited to paging message, repaging message, slotstart message, occasionstart message, query, queryrep message, roundstart message, etc.

[0268] In some embodiments, the first signaling may indicate the device identifier or device group of the A-IoT device that needs to respond to the first signaling, or it may indicate that all devices that receive the first signaling need to respond to the first signaling.

[0269] In some embodiments, the first signaling may also include at least one of the following parameters in the aforementioned access power conditions: power threshold, number of times threshold, duration threshold, and power required for the 3RA process.

[0270] In some embodiments, the first signaling may further include an inventory idendifier.

[0271] In response to meeting the access power requirements, the S602A 3RA A-IoT device selects the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and sends 3RAMSG1 to RD based on the selected 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0272] Upon receiving the first signaling, the 3RA A-IoT device can determine whether to access the RD via 3RA if it meets the access power requirements, and select one (or more) 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources from at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource indicated by the first signaling. When the transmission opportunity of the selected 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource arrives, the 3RA A-IoT device can send 3RAMSG1 to the RD through that 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0273] For example, refer to Figure 6B 3RA A-IoT devices can choose any one of the time-frequency resources 3RA1-1', 3RA1-2', 3RA1-3', or 3RA1-4' to send 3RAMSG1. If multiple 3RA A-IoT devices all select time-frequency resources 3RA1-1', 3RA1-2', 3RA1-3', or 3RA1-4', then there is a conflict among these multiple 3RA A-IoT devices.

[0274] S602B, 2RAA-IoT device waiting to be connected.

[0275] The 2RA A-IoT device can wait for access before the transmission opportunity of the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource arrives. Step S602B is optional.

[0276] S603, 2RA A-IoT device responds to the fact that the access power condition is not met, selects 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, and sends 2RAMSG1 to RD based on the selected 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0277] Upon receiving the first signaling, the 2RA A-IoT device can determine to access the RD via 2RA if it does not meet the access power requirements, and select one (or more) 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources from at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource indicated by the first signaling. When the transmission opportunity of the selected 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource arrives, the 2RA A-IoT device can send 2RAMSG1 to the RD through that 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0278] For example, refer to Figure 6B A 2RA A-IoT device can choose either time-frequency resource 2RA1-1' or time-frequency resource 2RA1-2' to send 2RAMSG1. If two 2RA A-IoT devices both choose either time-frequency resource 2RA1-1' or time-frequency resource 2RA1-2', then there is a conflict between the two 2RA A-IoT devices.

[0279] It should be noted that steps S604 to S606 are essentially the same as steps S404 to S406, and will not be repeated below.

[0280] S604, RD responds to 2RAMSG1 and 3RMSG1 by sending 2RAMSG2 and 3RAMSG2, wherein 3RAMSG2 indicates the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource corresponding to the non-conflicting 3RAA-IoT device.

[0281] S605A, 2RAA-IoT device sleep or turn off.

[0282] In response to 3RAMSG2, the S605B 3RAA-IoT device sends 3RAMSG3 based on the corresponding 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources.

[0283] S606, 3RA A-IoT devices can be put into sleep or turned off.

[0284] Based on the above method, the RD can indicate the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the first signaling, so that the A-IoT device can select the corresponding time-frequency resources and use the corresponding random access method to randomly access the RD based on whether it meets the access power conditions.

[0285] In some embodiments, the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource in the first signaling may overlap with the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource in the time domain (or may not overlap), and the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource may be different from the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource in the frequency domain. That is, the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource may be frequency-division time-frequency resources.

[0286] For example, Figure 7A According to some embodiments of this application, an interactive flow diagram of a random access method for frequency division 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources is shown. Figure 7B According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of a random access method for frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources is shown. For example... Figure 7A As shown, the method includes the following steps.

[0287] S701: RD sends a first signaling instruction, the first signaling instruction indicating at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, wherein the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource is different from the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource in the frequency domain.

[0288] RD can send a first signaling according to its own operating logic or a request sent by other devices. The first signaling can indicate at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, wherein the RAMSG1 time-frequency resource is different from the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource in the frequency domain.

[0289] For example, refer to Figure 7B The 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources indicated by the first signaling sent by RD may include time-frequency resources 2RA1-1" and 2RA1-2"; the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources indicated by the first signaling may include time-frequency resources 3RA1-1", 3RA1-2", 3RA1-3", and 3RA1-4". The 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources (time-frequency resources 2RA1-1" and 2RA1-2) overlap with the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources (time-frequency resources 3RA1-1", 3RA1-2", 3RA1-3", and 3RA1-4) in the time domain but differ in the frequency domain.

[0290] Figure 7C According to some embodiments of this application, a method is shown. Figure 7B A schematic diagram illustrating the time-domain and frequency-domain partitioning of various time-frequency resources. (Reference) Figure 7C :

[0291] Time-frequency resource 2RA1-1" is a time-frequency resource that extends from t0 to t0+dt1 in the time domain and from f0 to f0+df1 in the frequency domain;

[0292] Time-frequency resource 2RA1-2" is the time-frequency resource from t0 to t0+dt1 in the time domain and from f0+of1 to f0+of1+df1 in the frequency domain;

[0293] Time-frequency resource 3RA1-1" is the time-frequency resource from t0 to t0+dt2 in the time domain and from f0" to f0"+df2 in the frequency domain;

[0294] Time-frequency resource 3RA1-2" is the time-frequency resource from t0 to t0+dt2 in the time domain and from f0"+of2 to f0"+of2+df2 in the frequency domain;

[0295] Time-frequency resource 3RA1-3" is the time-frequency resource from t0+ot2 to t0+ot2+dt2 in the time domain and from f0" to f0"+df2 in the frequency domain;

[0296] Time-frequency resources 3RA1-4" are time-frequency resources from t0+ot2 to t0+ot2+dt2 in the time domain and from f0"+of2 to f0"+of2+df2 in the frequency domain.

[0297] In some embodiments, the first signaling can indicate at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource through the aforementioned first indication method. For example, for Figure 7B and Figure 7C In the scenario shown, if the order of time-frequency resources t0, f0, dt1, df1, ot1, of1, dt2, df2, ot2, of2 (2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource first, then 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource) is a preset resource parameter, then the first signaling can indicate the aforementioned time-frequency resources 2RA1-1", 2RA1-2", 3RA1-1", 3RA1-2", 3RA1-3' and 3RA1-4" in the manner of {Q1=1, Q2=2}.

[0298] In some embodiments, the first signaling may indicate at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource through the aforementioned second indication method.

[0299] For example, assuming type = 1 (or other values) indicates 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, and type = 0 (or other values) indicates 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, the first signaling based on the above second indication method can be transmitted through the resource set {1, Q1, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, (2 Q1 -1) {timeoffset, freqoffset}} to indicate 2 Q1 Two RAMSG1 time-frequency resources, and through the resource set {0, Q2, {timestart, duration, freqstart, bandwidth}, (2 Q2-1) {timeoffset, freqoffset}} to indicate 2 Q2 Each 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource. For example, for Figure 7B and Figure 7C As shown, time-frequency resources 3RA1-1", 3RA1-2", 3RA1-3", and 3RA1-4" can be indicated by the resource set {0, 2, {t0, dt2, f0", df2}, {0, of2}, {ot2, 0}, {ot2, of2}}; time-frequency resources 2RA1-1" and 2RA1-2" can be indicated by the resource set {1, 1, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {0, of1}}.

[0300] It should be noted that the resource set indicating the time-frequency resources of RAMSG1 and the resource set indicating the time-frequency resources of RAMSG1 can also be merged into a single resource set. For example, for Figure 7B and Figure 7C As shown, the aforementioned time-frequency resources 2RA1-1", 2RA1-2", 3RA1-1", 3RA1-2", 3RA1-3", and 3RA1-4" can be indicated by the time-frequency resource set {1, 1, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {0, of2}, {ot2, 0}, {ot2, of2}, 0, 2, {t0, dt2, f0", df2}, {0, of1}}.

[0301] In some embodiments, the order of the 2RAMSG1 and 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the resource set can also be predefined, thus eliminating the need to configure the type field in the resource set. For example, the aforementioned time-frequency resource set {1, 1, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {0, of2}, {ot2, 0}, {ot2, of2}, 0, 2, {t0, dt2, f0", df2}, {0, of1}} can be simplified to the time-frequency resource set {{1, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {0, of2}, {ot2, 0}, {ot2, of2}, 2, {t0, dt2, f0", df2}, {0, of1}}. This reduces the amount of data in the first signaling.

[0302] In some embodiments, the first signaling may also indicate the at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and the at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource by means of the aforementioned third indication method.

[0303] For example, the first signaling can indicate at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource through a time-frequency resource set. For example, for Figure 7B and Figure 7C In the scenario shown, the time-frequency resource set indicated by the first signaling can be {1, 2, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {t0, dt1, f0+of1, df1}, {t0, dt2, f0", df2}, {t0, dt2, f0",+of2, df2}, {t0+ot2, dt2, f0", df2}, {t0+ot2, dt2, f0",+o f2, df2}}; or {1, {t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {t0, dt1, f0+of1, df1}, 2, {t0, dt2, f0", df2}, {t0, dt2, f0"+of2, df2}, {t0+ot2, dt2, f0", df2}, {t0+ot2, dt2, f0"+of2, df2}}.

[0304] For example, the first signaling may indicate two time-frequency resource sets (e.g., two lists, two fields, etc.), with each time-frequency resource set corresponding to a type of time-frequency resource. For example, for Figure 7B and Figure 7C In the scenario shown, the two time-frequency resource sets can be time-frequency resource sets {{t0, dt1, f0, df1}, {t0, dt1, f0+of1, df1}} and time-frequency resource sets {{t0, dt2, f0", df2}, {t0, dt2, f0"+of2, df2}, {t0+ot2, dt2, f0", df2}, {t0+ot2, dt2, f0"+of2, df2}}.

[0305] In some embodiments, the RD can transmit the time-frequency resource indication information, which indicates at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, to the A-IoT device via PRDCH in the form of L1 control or higher-layer signaling. For details, please refer to the aforementioned step S401, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0306] In some embodiments, the first signaling can be any signaling, including but not limited to paging message, repaging message, slotstart message, occasionstart message, query, queryrep message, roundstart message, etc.

[0307] In some embodiments, the first signaling may indicate the device identifier or device group of the A-IoT device that needs to respond to the first signaling, or it may indicate that all devices that receive the first signaling need to respond to the first signaling.

[0308] In some embodiments, the first signaling may also include at least one of the following parameters in the aforementioned access power conditions: power threshold, number of times threshold, duration threshold, and power required for the 3RA process.

[0309] In some embodiments, the first signaling may further include an inventory idendifier.

[0310] In response to meeting the access power requirements, the S702A 3RA A-IoT device selects the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and sends 3RAMSG1 to RD based on the selected 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0311] Upon receiving the first signaling, the 3RA A-IoT device can determine whether to access the RD via 3RA if it meets the access power requirements, and select one (or more) 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources from at least one 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource indicated by the first signaling. When the transmission opportunity of the selected 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource arrives, the 3RA A-IoT device can send 3RAMSG1 to the RD through that 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0312] For example, refer to Figure 7B 3RA A-IoT devices can choose any one of the time-frequency resources 3RA1-1″, 3RA1-2″, 3RA1-3″, or 3RA1-4″ to send 3RAMSG1. If multiple 3RA A-IoT devices all select time-frequency resources 3RA1-1″, 3RA1-2″, 3RA1-3″, or 3RA1-4″, then there is a conflict among these multiple 3RA A-IoT devices.

[0313] In response to the lack of access power conditions, the S702B 2RAA-IoT device selects the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and sends 2RAMSG1 to RD based on the selected 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0314] Upon receiving the first signaling, the 2RA A-IoT device can determine to access the RD via 2RA if it does not meet the access power requirements, and select one (or more) 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources from at least one 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource indicated by the first signaling. When the transmission opportunity of the selected 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource arrives, the 2RA A-IoT device can send 2RAMSG1 to the RD through that 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0315] For example, refer to Figure 7B The 2RA A-IoT device can choose either time-frequency resource 2RA1-1″ or time-frequency resource 2RA1-2″ to transmit 2RAMSG1. If two 2RA A-IoT devices both select either time-frequency resource 2RA1-1″ or time-frequency resource 2RA1-2″, then there is a conflict between the two 2RA A-IoT devices. In some embodiments, steps S702A and S702B can be executed in parallel.

[0316] It should be noted that steps S703 to S705 are essentially the same as steps S404 to S406, and will not be repeated below.

[0317] S703, RD responds to 2RAMSG1 and 3RMSG1 by sending 2RAMSG2 and 3RAMSG2, where 3RAMSG2 indicates the 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resource corresponding to the non-conflicting 3RA A-IoT device.

[0318] S704A, 2RA A-IoT devices can be put into sleep or turned off.

[0319] S704B, 3RA A-IoT devices respond to 3RAMSG2 by sending 3RAMSG3 based on the corresponding 3RAMSG3 time-frequency resources.

[0320] S705, 3RAA-IoT devices can be put into sleep or turned off.

[0321] Based on the above method, the RD can indicate the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resources and the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resources in the first signaling, so that the A-IoT device can select the corresponding time-frequency resources and use the corresponding random access method to randomly access the RD based on whether it meets the access power conditions.

[0322] This application also provides a random access method.

[0323] For example, Figure 8 According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the interaction process of a random access method is shown.

[0324] like Figure 8As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0325] S801, the reading device sends a first signaling, the first signaling indicating at least one first type of time-frequency resource of the first random access method and at least one second type of time-frequency resource of the second random access method.

[0326] In some embodiments, the first random access method is 3RA, and the second random access method is 2RA. Correspondingly, the first type of time-frequency resource can be 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, and the second type of time-frequency resource can be 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource.

[0327] In some embodiments, the first type of time-frequency resource and the second type of time-frequency resource can be time-division multiplexing time-frequency resources. For example, the first type of time-frequency resource may precede the second type of time-frequency resource in the time domain, or the first type of time-frequency resource may follow the second type of time-frequency resource in the time domain. In this case, the RD may send the first signaling in accordance with the aforementioned steps S401 or S601, which will not be elaborated here.

[0328] In some embodiments, the first type of time-frequency resource and the second type of time-frequency resource can be frequency-division time-frequency resources. For example, the first type of time-frequency resource and the second type of time-frequency resource may overlap in the time domain but differ in the frequency domain. In this case, the method by which the RD sends the first signaling can refer to the aforementioned step S701, and will not be repeated here.

[0329] In some embodiments, the first type of time-frequency resource and the second type of time-frequency resource are predefined time-frequency resources. In this case, the first signaling may include the quantity of the first type of time-frequency resource and the quantity of the second type of time-frequency resource, and the quantity of the first type of time-frequency resource and the quantity of the second type of time-frequency resource are used to indicate the at least one first type of time-frequency resource and the at least one second type of time-frequency resource. Specifically, the content of the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource indicated by the first indication method in the aforementioned steps S401, S601, and S701 can be referred to, which will not be elaborated here.

[0330] In some embodiments, the first signaling may include: the number of first-type time-frequency resources and the number of second-type time-frequency resources, the start frequency and start time of the first time-frequency resource in at least one first-type time-frequency resource, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the first-type time-frequency resources, the time domain offset and frequency domain offset of each first-type time-frequency resource relative to the first time-frequency resource of the first-type time-frequency resource, the start frequency and start time of the first time-frequency resource in at least one second-type time-frequency resource, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the second-type time-frequency resources, and the time domain offset and frequency domain offset of each second-type time-frequency resource relative to the first time-frequency resource of the second-type time-frequency resource. The specific content of the first signaling indicating the at least one first-type time-frequency resource and the at least one second-type time-frequency resource in this manner can be referred to in steps S401, S601, and S701 above, which use the second indication method to indicate the content of the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource, and will not be elaborated here.

[0331] In some embodiments, the first signaling may further include: the start frequency, start time, time domain size, and frequency domain size of each first type of time-frequency resource, and the start frequency, start time, time domain size, and frequency domain size of each second type of time-frequency resource. This is equivalent to using the aforementioned third indication method to indicate at least one first type of time-frequency resource and at least one second type of time-frequency resource. For details, please refer to the content of using the third indication method to indicate the 2RAMSG1 time-frequency resource and the 3RAMSG1 time-frequency resource in the aforementioned steps S401, S601, and S701, which will not be repeated here.

[0332] S802, the A-IoT device responds to the first signaling and determines to access the reading device using the first random access method and the first time-frequency resource, or determines to access the reading device using the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource.

[0333] After receiving the first signaling, the A-IoT device can determine whether to use a first random access method or a second random access method to connect to the reading device based on its remaining battery power or device type. If it determines to use the first random access method, the A-IoT device can identify a first time-frequency resource from at least one type of first time-frequency resource; if it determines to use the second random access method, the A-IoT device can identify a second time-frequency resource from at least one type of second time-frequency resource.

[0334] In some embodiments, when the A-IoT device determines that it uses a first random access method and a first time-frequency resource to access the reading device, it is equivalent to the aforementioned 3RAA-IoT device.

[0335] In some embodiments, when the A-IoT device determines that it is accessing the reading device using the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource, it is equivalent to the aforementioned 2RA A-IoT device.

[0336] In some embodiments, when an A-IoT device has a high remaining battery power or a low peak power / power consumption, it can determine to access the reading device using a first random access method and a first time-frequency resource; when an A-IoT device has a low remaining battery power or a high peak power / power consumption, it can determine to access the reading device using a second random access method and a second time-frequency resource. For example, an A-IoT device can determine to access the reading device using the first random access method and the first time-frequency resource if the aforementioned access battery power conditions are met, and determine to access the reading device using the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource if the aforementioned access battery power conditions are not met.

[0337] S803 connects to the reading device through the determined random access method and time-frequency resources.

[0338] After determining the random access method and time-frequency resources, the A-IoT device can access the reading device using the determined random access method and time-frequency resources. For example, if it is determined that the first random access method and the first time-frequency resources will be used to access the reading device, the A-IoT device can access the reading device through the following steps S01 to S04:

[0339] S01, the A-IoT device sends a first message (equivalent to 3RAMSG1) to the reading device through the first time-frequency resource, wherein the first message includes a first identifier (e.g., the RID generated by the A-IoT device).

[0340] S02, the reading device responds to the first message and sends a second message (equivalent to 3RAMSG2) to the A-IoT device. The second message includes the first identifier.

[0341] S03, in response to the second message, the A-IoT device sends a third message (equivalent to 3RAMSG3) to the reading device. The third message includes the device identifier of the A-IoT device.

[0342] In some embodiments, the second message may also include a switching status indication.

[0343] S04, A-IoT device goes into sleep or is turned off.

[0344] It should be noted that A-IoT devices can automatically go to sleep or turn off after sending a third message, or they can go to sleep or turn off in response to a state switching indication in a second message.

[0345] The specific process by which an A-IoT device connects to a reading device via the first random access method can be referred to the aforementioned. Figure 4A , Figure 6A , Figure 7A The process of the 3RA A-IoT device connecting to the reading device in the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0346] For example, if it is determined that the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource are used to access the reading device, the A-IoT device can access the reading device through the following steps S11 to S13:

[0347] S11, the A-IoT device sends a fourth message (equivalent to 2RAMSG1) to the reading device through the second time-frequency resource, wherein the fourth message includes a second identifier (e.g., the RID generated by the A-IoT device) and the device identifier of the A-IoT device, or the fourth message includes the device identifier.

[0348] In some embodiments, the A-IoT device switches to a sleep or off state before the transmission opportunity of the second time-frequency resource arrives to facilitate charging, and switches to an operating state before the transmission opportunity of the second time-frequency resource arrives. After switching to the operating state, the A-IoT device can send a fourth message to the reading device. Furthermore, before switching to the sleep or off state, the A-IoT device can also store a first state identifier indicating that the A-IoT device has not completed random access, so that processing can continue after switching to the operating state.

[0349] S12, the reading device responds to the fourth message and sends a fifth message (equivalent to 2RAMSG2) to the A-IoT device. The fifth message includes the second identifier and / or the device identifier.

[0350] In some embodiments, the fifth message may include a state switching identifier to instruct the A-IoT device to switch to a sleep state or a shutdown state after receiving the fifth message.

[0351] S13, the A-IoT device responds to the fifth message to either go to sleep or turn off.

[0352] In some embodiments, the A-IoT device may autonomously switch to a sleep state or a shutdown state in response to the fifth message, or switch to a sleep state or a shutdown state in response to the state switching identifier in the fifth message, without limitation.

[0353] The specific process of A-IoT devices accessing the reading device via the second random access method can be referred to the aforementioned [link / reference]. Figure 4A , Figure 6A , Figure 7AThe process of the 2RA A-IoT device connecting to the reading device in the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0354] Based on the above method, A-IoT devices can determine their random access method with RD based on whether they meet the access power requirements, and select the time-frequency resources corresponding to the determined access method from the first type of time-frequency resources and the second type of time-frequency resources to randomly access RD.

[0355] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide a reading device, including one or more processors; one or more memories; the one or more memories storing one or more computer programs, the one or more computer programs including instructions, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the reading device to perform one or more steps of the RD execution in any of the above random access methods.

[0356] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide an environmental IoT device, including one or more processors; one or more memories; the one or more memories storing one or more computer programs, the one or more computer programs including instructions, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the environmental IoT device to perform one or more steps of the environmental IoT device in any of the above-described random access methods. Alternatively, the environmental IoT device includes one or more processing circuits that can implement one or more steps of the environmental IoT device in any of the above-described random access methods.

[0357] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide a communication system, including an environmental IoT device and a reading device.

[0358] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable program instructions, which, when executed on a computer (e.g., a reading device or an environmental IoT device), cause the computer or processor to perform one or more steps of any of the above methods.

[0359] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product containing instructions, the computer program product including computer program code, which, when run on a computer (e.g., a reading device or an environmental Internet of Things device), causes the computer or processor or processing circuit to perform one or more steps of any of the above methods.

[0360] For example, Figure 9According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the structure of a reading device 10 is shown.

[0361] like Figure 9 As shown, the reading device 10 includes one or more processors 110, one or more memories 120, and one or more communication interfaces 130. The processors 110, memories 120, and communication interfaces 130 can be coupled via a bus (not shown), which can provide a pathway for transmitting information between the various components of the device 100 (e.g., processors 110, memories 120, and communication interfaces 130).

[0362] The processor 110 may include any one or more of the following processors: central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), microprocessor (MP), digital signal processor (DSP), baseband processor (BP), application processor (AP).

[0363] The memory 120 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM). The processor 104 may also include non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid state drive (SSD).

[0364] The memory 120 stores executable program code, and the processor 110 executes the executable program code to implement the aforementioned RD function, thereby implementing the above-described random access method. That is, the memory 120 stores instructions for executing the random access methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0365] The communication interface 130 uses a transceiver module, such as, but not limited to, a network interface card or a transceiver, to enable communication between the reading device 10 and other devices or communication networks.

[0366] In some embodiments, the communication interface 130 can be transmitted via a fifth-generation (5G) network. thGeneration 5G mobile communication systems (such as New Radio (NR) systems), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) systems, wired systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication systems, Device-to-Deveice (D2D) communication systems, and 4G (4G) mobile communication systems. th Generation 4G mobile communication systems, satellite communication systems, and future communication systems (such as 6G) th Communication solutions provided by any one or more communication systems, such as Generation 6G mobile communication systems, enable communication with other devices (e.g., base stations, A-IoT devices, etc.).

[0367] It should be noted that in some other embodiments, RD may adopt a different structure than RD 10, and may include more or fewer modules, which is not limited here.

[0368] It should be noted that the reading device in this application embodiment can be an entity used to transmit or receive signals, such as a base station. A base station can broadly cover various names as follows, or be replaced by them, such as: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), relay station, access point, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), master station, auxiliary station, multi-mode wireless node, home base station, network controller, access node, access point, transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit, radio remote unit, active antenna unit, radio head, central unit, distribution unit, positioning node, etc. A base station can be a macro base station, micro base station, relay node, donor node, or the like. A base station can also be a communication module, modem, or chip installed within the aforementioned device or apparatus. A base station can also be a mobile switching center and a device that performs base station functions in device-to-device, vehicle-to-vehicle, and machine-to-machine communications. This application does not limit the specific technology or device form used in the reading device.

[0369] It should be noted that the reading device in this application embodiment can be any terminal device, including but not limited to mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), etc. The reading device can be a mobile phone, smart TV, wearable device, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, etc.

[0370] For example, Figure 10 According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the structure of an A-IoT device is shown.

[0371] like Figure 10 As shown, the A-IoT device 20 includes one or more processing circuits 210, one or more storage circuits 220, and one or more communication circuits 240. The processing circuits 210, storage circuits 220, energy storage circuits 230, and communication circuits 240 can be coupled via a bus (not shown), which can provide a path for transmitting information between the various components of the device 100 (e.g., processing circuits 210, storage circuits 220, energy storage circuits 230, and communication circuits 240).

[0372] The processing circuit 210 can be used to control the A-IoT device 20 and execute instructions for the random access method provided in the embodiments of this application. For example, the processing circuit 210 can generate an RID and send 3RAMSG1, 3RAMSG3, and 2RAMSG1 to the RD via the communication circuit 240.

[0373] In some embodiments, the processing circuit 210 may be a low-power processor or a processing circuit.

[0374] Storage circuit 220 is used to store data and instructions.

[0375] For example, the storage circuit 220 stores executable program code, and the processing circuit 210 executes the executable program code to implement the functions of the aforementioned A-IoT device, thereby realizing the above-described random access method. That is, the storage circuit 220 stores instructions for executing the random access methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0376] For example, the storage circuit 220 can also be used to store the DID of the A-IoT device 20.

[0377] The energy storage circuit 230 includes energy storage devices (e.g., capacitors, inductors) and a conversion circuit. The conversion circuit is used to convert external energy (e.g., electromagnetic waves received by the antenna in the communication circuit 240) into electrical energy; the energy storage devices are used to store electrical energy.

[0378] The communication circuit 240 uses transceiver modules, such as, but not limited to, network interface cards and transceivers, to enable communication between the A-IoT device 20 and other devices or communication networks. For example, the communication circuit 240 may include an antenna for harvesting energy from the environment and transferring it to the energy storage circuit 230. Another example is the communication circuit...

[0379] In some embodiments, the communication circuit 240 can communicate wirelessly with other devices. For example, it can send DID or RID to other devices, or receive first signaling, 3RAMSG2, 2RAMSG2, etc., sent by other devices.

[0380] It should be noted that, Figure 10 The structure of the A-IoT device 20 shown is only an example. In other embodiments, the A-IoT device may also adopt other structures, which are not limited here.

[0381] It should be noted that the A-IoT device 20 can be any form of A-IoT device.

[0382] It should be noted that the terminology used in the implementation section of the embodiments of this application is only used to explain the specific embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or", for example, A / B can mean A or B; "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the association relationship of related obstacles, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more, "at least one" or "one or more" means one, two or more.

[0383] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "greater than or equal to" and the corresponding "less than", "equal to" can also be used together with "less than". For example, indicating that a certain parameter corresponds to case B when it is greater than or equal to A and case C when it is less than A can also be understood as the parameter corresponding to case B when it is greater than A and case C when it is less than or equal to A.

[0384] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0385] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as used in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0386] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted through the computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium, or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state disk (SSD)).

[0387] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the above method embodiments.

[0388] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the embodiments of this application, but the protection scope of the embodiments of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of this application should be covered within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A random access method applied to environmental IoT devices, characterized in that, The method includes: The first signaling sent by the reading device indicates at least one type of time-frequency resource of the first random access method and at least one type of time-frequency resource of the second random access method. In response to the first signaling, it is determined that the first random access method and the first time-frequency resource are used to access the reading device, or it is determined that the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource are used to access the reading device, wherein the first time-frequency resource is a time-frequency resource in the first type of time-frequency resource, and the second time-frequency resource is a time-frequency resource in the second type of time-frequency resource.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first random access method is a three-step random access method, and the second random access method is a two-step random access method.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining to access the reading device using the first random access method and the first time-frequency resource, or determining to access the reading device using the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource, includes: Based on the type of the environmental IoT device or the remaining power of the environmental IoT device, it is determined whether to use the first random access method and the first time-frequency resource to access the reading device, or to use the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource to access the reading device.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Access is made to the reading device using the determined random access method and time-frequency resources.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of accessing the reading device through the determined random access method and time-frequency resources includes: When it is determined that the first random access method and the first time-frequency resource are used to access the reading device, A first message is sent to the reading device through the first time-frequency resource, wherein the first message includes a first identifier; Receive a second message sent by the reading device, the second message including the first identifier; In response to the second message, a third message is sent to the reading device, the third message including the device identifier of the environmental IoT device.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second message indicates a third time-frequency resource for transmitting the third message; and the step of sending the third message to the reading device in response to the second message includes: A third message is sent to the reading device through the third time-frequency resource.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: After sending a third message to the reading device, switch to sleep mode or shutdown mode.

8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of accessing the reading device through the determined random access method and time-frequency resources includes: If it is determined that the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource are used to access the reading device, a fourth message is sent to the reading device through the second time-frequency resource, wherein the fourth message includes a second identifier and the device identifier of the environmental IoT device, or the fourth message includes the device identifier; Receive a fifth message sent by the reading device, the fifth message including the second identifier and / or the device identifier.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second time-frequency resource is located after the first time-frequency resource in the time domain; and the method further includes: In response to the first signaling, switch to sleep mode or shutdown mode; Switch to working state before the transmission opportunity of the second time-frequency resource arrives.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: In response to the fifth message, switch to sleep mode or shutdown mode.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: Before switching to hibernation or shutdown, a first status identifier is stored, indicating that the IoT device in the environment has not completed random access.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The first type of time-frequency resource is after the second type of time-frequency resource in the time domain, or the second type of time-frequency resource is after the first type of time-frequency resource in the time domain, or the first type of time-frequency resource is different from the second type of time-frequency resource in the frequency domain and the first type of time-frequency resource overlaps with the second type of time-frequency resource in the time domain.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The first type of time-frequency resources and the second type of time-frequency resources are predefined time-frequency resources, and the first signaling includes the number of the first type of time-frequency resources and the number of the second type of time-frequency resources.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first signaling also indicates the order of the first type of time-frequency resources and the second type of time-frequency resources.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The first signaling includes: the number of first-class time-frequency resources and the number of second-class time-frequency resources, the start frequency and start time of the first time-frequency resource in the at least one first-class time-frequency resource, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the first-class time-frequency resources, the time domain offset and frequency domain offset of each first-class time-frequency resource relative to the first time-frequency resource of the first-class time-frequency resource, the start frequency and start time of the first time-frequency resource in the at least one second-class time-frequency resource, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the second-class time-frequency resources, and the time domain offset and frequency domain offset of each second-class time-frequency resource relative to the first time-frequency resource of the second-class time-frequency resource.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The first signaling includes the start time, start frequency, time domain size, and frequency domain size of each of the first type of time-frequency resources, and the start time, start frequency, time domain size, and frequency domain size of each of the second type of time-frequency resources.

17. A random access method applied to a reading device, characterized in that, The method includes: The first signaling is sent, the first signaling indicating at least one type of first time-frequency resource of the first random access method and at least one type of second time-frequency resource of the second random access method; Receive a first message sent by a first environmental IoT device through the first type of time-frequency resources, and / or a fourth message sent by a second environmental IoT device through the second type of time-frequency resources, wherein the first message includes a first identifier, and the fourth message includes a second device identifier of the second environmental IoT device, or the fourth message includes the second device identifier and a second identifier; In response to the first message, a second message is sent to the first environmental IoT device, and / or, in response to the fourth message, a fifth message is sent to the second environmental IoT device, wherein the second message includes the first identifier, and the fifth message includes the second device identifier and / or the second identifier.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The second message indicates a third time-frequency resource; and the method further includes: Receive a third message sent by the first environmental IoT device, the third message including the first device identifier of the first environmental IoT device.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The second message includes a state switching indication, which is used to instruct the first environment IoT device to switch to a sleep state or a shutdown state after sending the third message.

20. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The fifth message includes a state switching indication, which is used to instruct the second environment IoT device to switch to a sleep state or a shutdown state.

21. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The first type of time-frequency resource is after the second type of time-frequency resource in the time domain, or the second type of time-frequency resource is after the first type of time-frequency resource in the time domain, or the first type of time-frequency resource is different from the second type of time-frequency resource in the frequency domain and the first type of time-frequency resource overlaps with the second type of time-frequency resource in the time domain.

22. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that, The first type of time-frequency resource and the second type of time-frequency resource are predefined time-frequency resources, and the first signaling includes the number of the first type of time-frequency resources and the number of the second type of time-frequency resources.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The first signaling also indicates the order of the first type of time-frequency resources and the second type of time-frequency resources.

24. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that, The first signaling includes the number of first-class time-frequency resources and the number of second-class time-frequency resources, the start frequency and start time of the first time-frequency resource in the at least one first-class time-frequency resource, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the first-class time-frequency resources, the time domain offset and frequency domain offset of each first-class time-frequency resource relative to the first time-frequency resource of the first-class time-frequency resource, the start frequency and start time of the first time-frequency resource in the at least one second-class time-frequency resource, the frequency domain size and time domain size of the second-class time-frequency resources, and the time domain offset and frequency domain offset of each second-class time-frequency resource relative to the first time-frequency resource of the second-class time-frequency resource.

25. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 12, characterized in that, The first signaling includes the start time, start frequency, time domain size, and frequency domain size of each of the first type of time-frequency resources, and the start time, start frequency, time domain size, and frequency domain size of each of the second type of time-frequency resources.

26. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The first random access method is a three-step random access method, and the second random access method is a two-step random access method.

27. A random access method, characterized in that, include: The first signaling sent by the reading device includes at least one type of time-frequency resource of a first random access method and at least one type of time-frequency resource of a corresponding second random access method; In response to the first signaling, the environmental IoT device determines to access the reading device using the first random access method and the first time-frequency resource, or determines to access the reading device using the second random access method and the second time-frequency resource, wherein the first time-frequency resource is a time-frequency resource in the first type of time-frequency resource, and the second time-frequency resource is a time-frequency resource in the second type of time-frequency resource.

28. An environmental Internet of Things (IoT) device, characterized in that, include: Energy storage circuits are used to convert energy in the environment into electrical energy. A processing circuit for implementing the random access method according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

29. A reading device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store instructions; At least one processor is configured to execute the instructions such that the reading device implements the random access method of any one of claims 17 to 26.

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