Intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method, and relates to the technical field of ecological agriculture. The method comprises the following steps: dividing a planting area into a full-sunny area, a semi-shaded area and a full-shaded area according to daily average illumination intensity L, and configuring corresponding illumination adaptive plants; the poultry breeding house is divided into a brooding house, a breeding house and a fattening house according to the area ratio of 1: 2: 1.5; the planting area is provided with a slope terrain and a poultry area isolation belt; the net bed breeding system is connected with the manure scraping device and the underground fermentation tank. The output end of the fermentation tank is connected with the biogas combustion furnace. Plant requirements are accurately matched through illumination partition, and efficient utilization of land below the photovoltaic module is achieved; by combining poultry house function division and feces resource circulation, the unit area composite output rate is remarkably increased, the environmental pollution risk is reduced, and a systematic solution is provided for efficient utilization of land resources.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological agriculture, and particularly relates to an intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of modern agriculture towards intensification and intelligence, the photovoltaic agriculture integrated mode gradually becomes an important practical path for efficient utilization of resources. At present, photovoltaic power generation technology has been widely applied in the field of agriculture. Through the composite utilization of land space under and around the photovoltaic module, the energy production and agricultural production are coordinated. In the prior art, the layout of the photovoltaic power station is usually based on the optimization of power generation efficiency. The area under the photovoltaic module is simply divided according to the light condition, and adaptive plants are configured to realize the vertical space utilization mode of 'power generation on the board and planting under the board'. At the same time, the breeding farm and the planting area are usually managed by physical isolation structure, and the intensive operation of poultry breeding is realized by the net bed breeding system combined with the manure collection device. The manure is fermented underground to generate biogas for energy supply, forming a preliminary resource recycling chain.

[0003] However, the land resource utilization efficiency is not high, and the unit area composite output rate is limited by objective constraints. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides an intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method, which can solve the technical problems of low resource utilization rate, high environmental pollution risk and serious waste of land space in traditional breeding farms. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0005] The present application provides an intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method, which includes a planting area, a poultry house, a photovoltaic module, an isolation belt, a fence structure, a net bed breeding system, a manure scraping device, an underground fermentation tank and a biogas combustion furnace. The planting area is divided into full sun area (0.75L≤L≤L), half shade area (0.35L≤L<0.75L) and full shade area (L<0.35L) according to the daily average light intensity L, and the corresponding light adaptive plants are configured accordingly. The poultry house is divided into a brooding house, a growing house and a fattening house with an area ratio of 1:2:1.5 from east to west along the photovoltaic module. The half shade area to the full sun area is arranged from north to south on the south side of the planting area, and the full shade area to the half shade area is arranged from south to north on the north side of the planting area, and the whole is provided with a slope terrain of 3° to 10°. The poultry area isolation belt and the double-sided fence structure are arranged between the poultry house and the planting area, and the net fence is arranged in the planting area. The net bed breeding system is provided with a manure scraping device at the bottom, and the output end is connected to the northwest underground fermentation tank, and the underground fermentation tank is connected to the biogas combustion furnace.

[0006] In an alternative embodiment, the poultry area isolation belt is a vegetation-free buffer area arranged circumferentially around the brooder, with a width of 0.8-2.5 m, and the ground surface is constructed with compacted soil, gravel pavement or pervious concrete.

[0007] In an alternative embodiment, the poultry area isolation belt is provided with a mesh fence made of corrosion-resistant metal wire or high-density polyethylene material on both the inner and outer sides, with a mesh size of 10x10 mm to 25x25 mm and a height of 0.6-1.2 m, and the fence bottom is embedded in the ground by not less than 15 cm or provided with an outwardly folded anti-digging structure.

[0008] In an alternative embodiment, the poultry area isolation belt is arranged in space without interference with the operation path of the manure scraping device, and the horizontal distance between the outer fence of the isolation belt and the edge of the mesh bed is not less than 0.5 m; the ground surface of the poultry area isolation belt is provided with a slope towards the outer side of the brooder.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, the biogas combustion furnace is connected to the underground fermentation tank through a sealed biogas delivery pipeline provided with a gas filtering device and a pressure regulating valve, and the heat output end of the biogas combustion furnace is connected to a radiator or a warm air blower unit in the brooder through a hot water circulation pipeline or a hot air pipeline.

[0010] In an alternative embodiment, the biogas combustion furnace is integrated with an intelligent temperature control module and is communicatively connected to a temperature sensor and a central controller in the brooder; the flue gas discharge port of the biogas combustion furnace is connected to a waste heat recovery device.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, the biogas combustion furnace is arranged in the equipment room on the northwest side of the brooder, which is arranged adjacent to the underground fermentation tank, and the biogas combustion furnace is equipped with a flame monitor, an extinguishing protection device and a methane concentration alarm, and the combustion chamber is made of a corrosion-resistant alloy material.

[0012] In an alternative embodiment, the photovoltaic module is one of single-crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon or thin-film solar cell panel, and its photoelectric conversion efficiency is not less than 18%, and the surface is provided with a self-cleaning coating.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the photovoltaic module is fixed to the support column through an adjustable inclination support structure, and the support structure is integrally arranged with the roof of the brooder, so that a ventilation gap is formed between the bottom surface of the photovoltaic module and the top of the brooder.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, the arrangement spacing and arrangement density of the photovoltaic module are determined according to the local latitude and the solar altitude angle on the winter solstice, so that the shadow length of adjacent photovoltaic modules at noon on the winter solstice does not exceed the boundary of the corresponding full-shaded area on the north side of the brooder below.

[0015] The application provides a smart farm water quality management and regulation method, which divides the planting area into full-sun area, semi-shade area and full-shade area according to the daily average light intensity L and configures corresponding light-adapted plants, realizes efficient utilization of the weak light area below the photovoltaic module, and avoids the idle waste of land resources in the traditional mode; based on the overall layout of the semi-shade area to the full-sun area from north to south on the south side of the planting area and the full-shade area to the semi-shade area from south to north on the north side, combined with the design of 3° to 10° slope terrain, the natural flow of rainwater is guided and the risk of water accumulation is reduced, and the stability of the planting environment is improved; further, the poultry house is divided into brooding house, growing house and fattening house with an area ratio of 1:2:1.5 along the photovoltaic module from east to west, which meets the precise matching of space demand at different growth stages and optimizes the poultry growth environment; at the same time, the poultry area isolation belt and double-sided fence structure arranged between the poultry house and the planting area effectively block the interference of poultry activity on the planting area, and guarantee the planting safety; on this basis, the manure scraping device configured at the bottom of the net bed breeding system centrally transports poultry manure to the northwest underground fermentation tank, and after fermentation treatment, connects the biogas combustion furnace to form a closed-loop resource recycling path, which significantly improves the resource utilization rate of waste. The design not only improves the composite output rate of unit land area through scientific layout and zoning management of photovoltaic modules, but also reduces external energy dependence with the help of cascade utilization of biogas energy, and finally realizes the ecological agricultural goal of efficient resource circulation and clean and friendly environment, which provides a systematic technical solution for solving the problem of low land resource utilization efficiency. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the application, and not to limit the application.

[0017] Embodiment 1:

[0018] In the current practice of agricultural industrialization, traditional farms generally have the problems of one-way low-efficiency utilization of land resources, high dependence on external fossil energy for energy supply, prominent risk of water eutrophication and groundwater pollution caused by extensive treatment of poultry manure, and long-term idle or weed growth of land under photovoltaic panels, resulting in ecological negative benefits. For example, a large-scale egg farm in East China covers an area of 200 mu and is used only for single poultry breeding, with an average annual unit area output value of about 80,000 yuan / mu. The 3MW distributed photovoltaic array constructed for the farm achieves an annual power generation of about 3.6 million kWh, but the area under the panels is in a large area of bare land and waterlogged land due to continuous shading, with a weed rate of more than 65%. In the rainy season, high-concentration ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N≥12 mg / L) and total phosphorus (TP≥4.8 mg / L) carried by runoff are directly discharged into the surrounding ditches, resulting in a 2.3-fold excess of COD in the downstream irrigation water. At the same time, the open-air composting of manure has a high methane emission rate of 18%, and the utilization rate of biogas energy is less than 5%. The above problems reflect the lack of a multi-dimensional coupling mechanism of "light-raising-planting-energy" at the system level, which is difficult to support the development needs of modern ecological agriculture with closed-loop resources, environmentally friendly, and intelligent and controllable. The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment is how to build an intelligent farm water quality management and control method with spatial three-dimensional adaptation, function partitioning collaboration, and material and energy double circulation, so that the photovoltaic module layout, poultry house function division, plant planting configuration, manure collection path and biogas energy recycling form an organic whole, and under the premise of not increasing the land, simultaneously realize the source reduction of water pollution, on-site disposal of breeding wastewater, land composite output improvement and self-balance of system operation energy consumption.

[0019] In the above technical problem, the embodiment provides a kind of intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method, including planting area, poultry house, photovoltaic module, isolation zone, fence structure, net bed breeding system, scrape manure device, underground fermentation tank and biogas combustion furnace.The method is with " photovoltaic power generation-poultry breeding-planting-biogas circulation " four-dimensional coupling as basic framework, through space topology reconstruction, illumination gradient control, fecal pollution directional flow and thermal energy cascade utilization etc., establish the active management path covering water quality formation-migration-transformation-reuse whole chain.Planting area assumes rainwater interception, runoff purification and non-point source pollution buffering function;Poultry house as core production unit, its internal microclimate and fecal production and discharge characteristics directly affect water quality load intensity;Photovoltaic module not only provides clean energy, more through shading effect to shape different light microenvironment, drive plant configuration strategy;Isolation zone and fence structure constitute physical barrier, prevent poultry activity disturbance planting area soil structure and root system, guarantee the stable absorption capacity of plant to nitrogen and phosphorus;Net bed breeding system cooperates with scrape manure device to realize fecal dry-wet separation and directional transport, reduce organic pollution load entering water body from source;Underground fermentation tank completes anaerobic degradation of fecal pollution and produces biogas, significantly reduces effluent COD, BOD5 and pathogenic microorganism content;Biogas combustion furnace then converts biological energy into heat energy and feeds back to poultry house environment regulation, reduces the use of coal / gas boiler, indirectly reduces the nitrogen and sulfur input of atmospheric deposition to water body.The whole system takes water quality steady state as target, and each subsystem forms dynamic response mechanism through parameter linkage (such as illumination intensity L triggers plant selection, slope gradient determines runoff speed, and scrape frequency matches fermentation tank feeding rhythm), so that the regional water environment quality of farm is systematically improved without relying on end sewage treatment facilities.

[0020] Based on this, the embodiment further provides a specific embodiment of the intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method, including the following steps:

[0021] Step one: planting area is divided into full sun area (0.75L≤L≤L), half shade area (0.35L≤L<0.75L) and full shade area (L<0.35L) according to daily average illumination intensity L, and corresponding light-adapted plants are configured accordingly;

[0022] Among them, " daily average illumination intensity L " refers to the annual average value obtained by weighted average of consecutive three years of hourly solar radiation data of local meteorological station, unit is W / m 2The value is collected in real time by a silicon-based solar radiation sensor installed on the top of the photovoltaic module support and connected to the central controller for dynamic calibration. The full-sun area corresponds to the area with sufficient light, with an intensity not less than 75% of the local annual average. It is suitable for growing light-loving crops such as corn (Zea mays), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), or pasture grass (Sorghum × drummondii), with a plant height controlled within 1.2-1.8 m and a leaf area index (LAI) maintained at 3.5-5.0 to maximize light interception and inhibit weed germination. The semi-shady area has a light intensity between 35% and 75% of the annual average, and is suitable for growing shade-tolerant economic crops such as konjac (Amorphophallus konjac), polygonatum sibiricum (Polygonatum sibiricum), or undergrowth Chinese medicinal material bletilla (Bletilla striata), with a canopy transmittance controlled at 25%-40% and a root depth of 30-50 cm, having strong nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment capacity. The full-shady area has a light intensity lower than 35% of the annual average, mainly distributed directly below the photovoltaic modules and in the north side backlight zone, and is suitable for using extremely shade-tolerant and strong soil and water conservation function ferns or mosses such as Adiantum capillus-veneris, Selaginella tamariscina, or Sphagnum spp., with a coverage requirement of ≥90% and a litter layer thickness maintained at 2-5 cm, which can effectively adsorb suspended particles, delay surface runoff, and promote the nitrification-denitrification process. This zoning scheme is not static, but dynamically adjusts the boundaries with the change of the solar altitude angle: during the equinox to autumn, the northern boundary of the full-shady area shrinks southward by 1.2-1.8 m; around the winter solstice, it expands to the farthest end of the photovoltaic module projection, ensuring that the plants are always within their physiological tolerance light range. As an optional embodiment, the full-sun area can also be replaced by the perennial legume Medicago sativa, whose nitrogen fixation can enhance the soil nitrogen buffer capacity and reduce the risk of leaching of nitrogen in the groundwater; the semi-shady area can adopt the "konjac + polygonatum sibiricum" intercropping mode with a row spacing of 80 cm and a plant spacing of 40 cm to improve light use efficiency through vertical stratification of the canopy; the full-shady area can introduce the artificial wetland plant Typha orientalis to construct a micro-surface wetland unit, enhancing the purification capacity of the leakage liquid from the manure scraping device and the initial rainwater.

[0023] Step two: The poultry house is divided into brooding house, growing house, and fattening house with an area ratio of 1:2:1.5 from east to west along the photovoltaic module;

[0024] wherein, "from east to west" refers to the horizontal axial layout along the direction of the earth's rotation, and the orientation setting makes the different functional areas of the poultry house obtain differentiated sunlight duration and heat accumulation characteristics: the brooding house is located at the east side, which receives the morning light earliest every day, which is beneficial to maintain the high humidity environment of 35-37°C required by the chicks; the grower house is in the middle, with moderate light duration, which meets the needs of feather development and immune system maturation of middle birds for photoperiod (12-14h / d); the fattening house is located at the west side, and the peak period of light intensity in the afternoon is concentrated here, combined with higher environmental temperature (22-25°C), to promote fat deposition and improve feed conversion rate. The area ratio 1:2:1.5 is determined based on the three-stage poultry metabolism law: the highest heat production rate per unit weight (about 18W / kg) is required in the brooding period (0-21 days old), which requires more air volume and insulation space, so the smallest area (for example, the total poultry house area is 1200m 2 , the brooding house accounts for 343m 2 ); the activity amount increases dramatically in the grower period (22-42 days old), which requires sufficient exercise space to enhance bone density and cardiorespiratory function, so the area is the largest (686m 2 ); the feed intake reaches the peak but the activity decreases in the fattening period (43 days old to market), so the space requirement is between the two (514m 2 ). Lightweight heat-insulating color steel plates are used to separate the houses, the wall heat transfer coefficient K value is ≤0.45W / (m 2 ·K), and the top is provided with openable ventilation windows with an opening range of 0-100%, which is closed loop controlled by temperature and humidity sensors. As an optional embodiment, the floor of the brooding house can be paved with electric heating ground film (power density 80W / m 2 ), which is combined with an infrared thermal imager to monitor the body surface temperature distribution of the chicks to achieve local precise temperature control; the grower house roof is additionally provided with a fogging cooling system, the nozzle aperture is 150μm, the droplet size is ≤50μm, and the system is automatically started and stopped at high temperature period to avoid high humidity inducing coccidiosis; the fattening house is integrated with a CO2 concentration feedback module, which automatically increases the fresh air volume when the CO2 concentration in the house is >2500ppm, to ensure the effective dilution of ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and to inhibit the formation of acidic runoff pollution of water bodies by dissolving odorous gases in rainwater from the source.

[0025] Step three: the south side of the planting area is arranged from north to south as semi-shady area to full-sun area, and the north side is arranged from south to north as full-shady area to semi-shady area, and the whole is provided with a slope terrain of 3° to 10°;

[0026] In the above formula, "the south side is arranged with semi-shady area to full sunny area from north to south" means that the semi-shady area is arranged at the starting section of the south edge of the planting area, and the light intensity gradually increases during the southward extension process, and the natural transition to the full sunny area. This layout conforms to the southward characteristics of the sun's track in the northern hemisphere, so that the south side area can obtain higher cumulative radiation throughout the year, and match the light-loving plant growth requirements. "The north side is arranged with full-shady area to semi-shady area from south to north" uses the north side of the photovoltaic module as a permanent shadow belt to build a full-shady core area, and gradually changes to a semi-shady transition zone to the north, providing a stable weak light environment for shade-tolerant plants. The overall 3°-10° slope terrain is formed by laser leveling machine construction, the longitudinal slope direction points to the drainage ditch outside the poultry house, and the transverse slope direction is slightly inclined to the center of the planting area, forming a double-direction flow guide structure: the longitudinal slope (3°-6°) dominates the main runoff direction of rainwater, ensuring that the precipitation is converged into the drainage ditch within 3-5 minutes to avoid local waterlogging of plant roots; the transverse slope (1°-4°) promotes the transverse diffusion of surface runoff along the contour line, prolongs the hydraulic retention time to 8-12 minutes, and improves the soil infiltration rate and the absorption efficiency of plant roots to dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus. The slope surface is covered with 20 cm thick improved soil (clay content 25%-35%, organic matter ≥3%, pH 6.2-7.0), and a 5 cm thick wood chip cover layer is overlaid, which can inhibit evaporation and prevent soil compaction caused by raindrop splashing. As an optional embodiment, the slope can adopt a stepped micro-terrain design, each step has a height difference of 15-20 cm and a width of 1.2-1.5 m, and a gravel retention zone (particle size 2-5 cm) is arranged between the steps to form a multi-stage sedimentation-filtration-adsorption unit to physically intercept the fecal particle-containing runoff; a biological retention pool (length x width x depth = 8 m x 3 m x 1.2 m) can also be arranged at the foot of the slope, filled with zeolite (particle size 4-8 mm) and limestone (particle size 10-20 mm) mixed fillers, and the total phosphorus removal rate of the runoff can reach 78%, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate can reach 65%.

[0027] Step four: a poultry area isolation zone and double-sided fence structure are arranged between the poultry house and the planting area, and a net-shaped fence is arranged in the planting area;

[0028] The "poultry isolation zone" is a physical isolation buffer zone, with a width ranging from 0.8 to 2.5 m, preferably 1.5 m. Its core function is to block the free passage of poultry, reduce the risk of mechanical fecal carrying, and provide a channel for manual inspection and mechanical operation. The ground structure can be a compacted soil layer (compaction degree ≥ 93%), a gravel pavement (particle size 2-5 cm, thickness 15 cm), or a permeable concrete (compressive strength C25, porosity 15%-20%), all of which have good bearing capacity and water permeability, ensuring that the ground is not muddy in rainy weather and not dusty in sunny weather. The double-sided fence structure refers to the independent fences set on the side close to the poultry house and the side close to the planting area, forming double protection. The height of the fence on the poultry house side is 0.8-1.0 m to prevent poultry from jumping over the fence. The height of the fence on the planting area side is 1.0-1.2 m to prevent escape and intrusion of wild birds. The fence material is corrosion-resistant metal wire (zinc plating layer thickness ≥ 80 μm) or high-density polyethylene (HDPE) woven mesh, with a mesh size of 10x10 mm to 25x25 mm, preferably 15x15 mm, which ensures ventilation and light transmission while effectively blocking poultry weighing less than 2.5 kg from drilling through. The bottom of the fence is embedded in the ground for at least 15 cm, or a 30° outwardly folded 20 cm wide anti-digging skirt is provided to prevent poultry from digging holes. The mesh fence in the planting area is an auxiliary isolation measure, with a height of 0.6-0.8 m and a mesh size of 25x25 mm. It is made of detachable plug-in columns, which can be quickly adjusted during crop rotation. As an optional embodiment, the ground of the isolation zone can be embedded with low-voltage pulse wires (output voltage 5-9 kV, pulse interval 1.2 s), combined with infrared induction probes to achieve intelligent repelling. The double-sided fence can be integrated with solar-powered LED warning lights (wavelength 590 nm) to automatically flash at night to remind the manager. The fence in the planting area can also be replaced with a biological fence, such as densely planted Ilex cornuta or Pyracantha fortuneana, with a plant spacing of 30 cm, forming a living barrier with ecological and isolation properties.

[0029] Step five: configure a manure scraping device at the bottom of the net bed cultivation system, with its output end connected to the northwest underground fermentation tank, and the underground fermentation tank connected to the biogas combustion furnace.

[0030] The net bed aquaculture system adopts a 304 stainless steel welded net bed with a mesh size of 25x50 mm and a mesh surface inclination of 2°-3°, to ensure that the feces automatically slide to the bottom of the feces collecting tank under the action of gravity; the net bed support frame is a hot-dip galvanized square tube (specification 60x40x2.5 mm) with a span of ≤2.5 m and a deflection deformation of <1 / 500, to ensure long-term load stability. The feces scraping device is a chain plate type feces cleaning machine, which is composed of a reduction motor (power 1.5 kW, protection grade IP65), an annular scraper chain (pitch 125 mm, chain plate width 300 mm) and a tensioning mechanism, with a running speed of 0.12-0.18 m / s, a gap between the scraper and the net bed of 2-3 mm, and a single feces cleaning coverage rate of ≥98%; the output end of the feces scraping device is connected to a closed screw conveyor (diameter 200 mm, length 15 m) to transport the feces to the underground fermentation tank on the northwest side, and the whole conveying process is sealed under negative pressure, with a dust emission rate of <0.5 mg / m 3 The underground fermentation tank is a reinforced concrete structure, with a volume calculated according to the stocking capacity x daily feces production x 25 days of hydraulic retention time, a tank body buried depth of 3.2-4.0 m, an inner wall coated with an epoxy asphalt anticorrosive coating (thickness ≥300 μm), and equipped with a constant temperature heating coil (medium 55°C hot water) and an online pH / ORP sensor to maintain mesophilic anaerobic fermentation (35±1°C); a double-layer sealing cover plate is arranged on the top of the tank, with a thermal insulation rock wool sandwich panel on the upper layer and an openable maintenance opening on the lower layer. The biogas combustion furnace is a horizontal gas-fired hot water boiler with a rated thermal power of 350 kW, and the combustion chamber is made of Inconel 625 corrosion-resistant alloy, which is matched with a closed biogas conveying pipeline (DN150, 304 stainless steel, inner wall polishing Ra≤0.8 μm), a gas filter (filter core precision 5 μm) and a pressure regulating valve (outlet pressure 0.8-1.2 kPa) integrated on the pipeline, to ensure clean and stable supply of biogas. As an optional embodiment, the feces scraping device can be replaced by a pneumatic feces scraping system, which uses compressed air to push flexible scrapers to reduce mechanical wear and noise; the underground fermentation tank can be additionally provided with a stirring paddle (rotation speed 3-5 r / min) and a biogas slurry return pump to improve mass transfer efficiency; the biogas combustion furnace can also be coupled with an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power generation module to convert waste heat into electric energy to supplement the power for field lighting and monitoring system, to realize energy cascade utilization.

[0031] Through the above scheme steps, the present application realizes: based on the light partition of the planting area, a vegetation buffer system with water quality purification function is constructed, the moss layer in the full shade area and the medicinal material root system in the semi-shade area jointly form a biological filter belt, the removal rate of SS in the surface runoff is ≥85%, and the removal rate of TN is ≥62%; the function partition of the poultry house is coordinated with the slope terrain, the space-time matching relationship of rainfall-pollution-production-concentration is optimized, the high-pollution-risk area of the poultry house (wash water of the brooding house, manure leakage of the fattening house) and the low-pollution area (dry manure cleaning of the growing house) are spatially staggered, and through the 3°-10° slope, the runoff is guided to pass through the vegetation purification area first and then enter the drainage system, so that the pollutant load entering the peripheral water body is reduced by 47%; the isolation belt and the double-sided fence structure are used as physical barriers to prevent soil erosion and direct infiltration of feces caused by poultry trampling, so that the soil permeability coefficient of the planting area is stable at 1.2*10 - 5 m / s or more, avoiding the sudden overflow of fecal pollution with surface runoff under heavy rain conditions; the closed loop path of net bed-manure scraping-underground fermentation-biogas combustion is used to complete the dry-wet separation and closed transportation of poultry feces within 24 hours, anaerobic fermentation makes the fecal COD decrease by 76% and the fecal coliform bacteria number decrease by 5 orders of magnitude, biogas energy replaces more than 35% of the heat demand of the field, and significantly reduces the secondary pollution of atmospheric nitrogen deposition to water bodies caused by coal-fired heating. In summary, through the parameter coupling and space topology reconstruction of multiple subsystems, the present embodiment improves the comprehensive water quality index (CWQI) of the farm area from 42.7 (inferior V class) before the transformation to 78.3 (class II), and truly realizes the fundamental change from passive treatment to active prevention and control of water quality management and regulation.

[0032] Embodiment 2:

[0033] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the present embodiment further provides:

[0034] The poultry area isolation belt is a vegetation-free buffer area arranged circumferentially around the brooding house, with a width of 0.8 meters to 2.5 meters, and the ground is constructed with compacted soil layer, gravel pavement or permeable concrete.

[0035] The poultry area isolation belt is a physical barrier structure arranged between the poultry house (especially the brooding house) and the planting area, and its core function is to form a double barrier on the space and ecological levels, and to block the behavior path of the poultry from crossing, trampling, pecking or excreting pollution to the soil and plant roots of the planting area. The isolation belt is not a continuous wall or a high fence, but a transitional ground functional belt with the design orientation of "low intervention, permeable and easy maintenance", which does not change the spatial adjacency relationship between the poultry house and the planting area, but significantly enhances the clearness of the functional boundary and the biological safety level between them.

[0036] "circumferentially arranged around the brooder" means that the isolation belt is arranged in a closed ring along the outer contour of the brooder building, covering the east, south, west and north directions, and smoothly transitioning at the corners without gaps or interruptions; its annular layout is compatible with the rectangular or approximately rectangular plan form of the brooder, ensuring all-round protection for the most sensitive poultry during the brooding stage (weak body temperature regulation, immature immune response, concentrated activity range). This circumferential arrangement, unlike linear isolation arranged on only one side, can effectively prevent young birds from escaping to the planting area from any direction due to curiosity, stress or flock movement; in actual construction, laser ranging combined with a level can be used to calibrate the center line of the ring belt and the baseline of the brooder outer wall to maintain a constant offset distance.

[0037] "non-vegetation buffer area" emphasizes that no trees, shrubs, herbs or vines are planted in this area, and natural weeds are not preserved, the ground is bare or covered only with non-biological cover material; this design avoids the secondary risks of vegetation root penetration damaging the integrity of the isolation belt structure, branches and leaves stretching causing birds to climb, and plant litter rotting breeding mosquito and fly pathogens. "Buffer" not only represents the spatial extension margin (providing deceleration and retreat distance for accidental approach by poultry), but also represents the gradient transition of ecological function (from high-density poultry activity area → non-biological disturbance area → plant rhizosphere microenvironment area), thereby reducing interspecific disturbance intensity. As a variant embodiment, the surface of this area can be supplemented with a shallow layer of sand (thickness ≤3cm) or laid with degradable non-woven fabric (grammage 80-120g / m 2 ), to further suppress dust raising and reduce surface disturbance caused by rainwater erosion.

[0038] "width of 0.8m to 2.5m" is a parameter interval determined by balancing behavior observation and engineering practicability: the lower limit of 0.8m is based on the single-step stride of adult chickens (average about 0.35m) and the lateral diffusion width of the flock (measured effective width ≥0.6m when walking densely), ensuring that even if multiple birds attempt to cross at the same time, their feet cannot simultaneously contact the ground on both sides of the isolation belt; the upper limit of 2.5m takes into account the need for land intensive use and drainage path redundancy, in southern rainy areas or sites with high groundwater levels, 1.8-2.5m can be taken to enhance runoff retention and infiltration time, and reserve buffer for subsequent drainage ditch confluence; in arid and dry areas or small demonstration sites, 0.8-1.2m can be taken to increase the stocking density per unit area. As an optional variant, the width can be differentially set along different orientations of the brooder; for example, the south-facing side directly exposed to sunlight takes a narrower value (0.9-1.3m) to reduce the impact of shadow on the plants in the adjacent semi-shaded area; the north-facing side takes a wider value (1.6-2.2m) to enhance the blocking effect of cold wind and moisture.

[0039] The statement "the ground surface shall be constructed with compacted soil, gravel pavement, or permeable concrete" clarifies three alternative ground surface load-bearing structures, each suited to different construction conditions and operation and maintenance objectives:

[0040] "Compacted soil layer" refers to spreading the original cultivated soil or clay loam in layers (each layer 15-20cm thick), and then compacting it with a vibratory plate compactor (excitation force ≥30kN) for no less than 6 passes, finally achieving a compaction degree ≥93% (according to the heavy compaction standard of "Technical Specification for Highway Subgrade Construction" JTG / T 3610-2019), with a surface flatness deviation ≤15mm / 2m. This solution has the lowest cost and fastest construction, and is suitable for initial test sites or budget-constrained scenarios. Its permeability depends on the natural soil pores, and it takes 4-6 hours for the surface moisture to dissipate after rain.

[0041] "Crushed stone paving" consists of graded crushed stone with a particle size of 5–20 mm (mud content <3%) laid to a thickness of 12–18 cm, covered with 3–5 cm of fine stone chips for joint filling and lightly compacted, forming a porous structure with a porosity of 18%–25%; this structure also has good permeability (permeability coefficient ≥1×10⁻⁶). -3 The gravel has a compressive strength (allowing small cleaning machinery to pass through) and the voids in the gravel can trap poultry manure particles, slowing down the rate of siltation in downstream drainage ditches; as a variation, a 10cm thick gravel transition layer (particle size 2–5mm) can be added under the gravel layer to further improve drainage uniformity.

[0042] "Permeable concrete" is a cement-based porous material with a water-cement ratio of 0.25–0.32. The aggregate is single-graded crushed stone (particle size 4–10 mm), with a porosity of 15%–20%, a 28-day compressive strength ≥20 MPa, and a permeability coefficient ≥0.5 mm / s. Its surface is smooth, wear-resistant, and not prone to dust generation, making it suitable for high-frequency passageways of automated manure scrapers. Its durability can be improved by adding mineral admixtures (such as silica fume and fly ash). As a variation, a photocatalytic titanium dioxide (TiO2) coating can be sprayed onto the surface of the permeable concrete to decompose attached organic pollutants under light, achieving a self-cleaning function.

[0043] The above technical features work together: the annular arrangement and the vegetation-free design jointly constitute a space blocking main frame; the width parameter provides adaptive scale basis for different ground structures under the premise of meeting the biological behavior constraints; the compacted soil layer relies on a relatively wide cross section to ensure long-term stability, the gravel pavement achieves efficient drainage at a medium width due to its own pore structure, and the pervious concrete can maintain structural integrity and functional stability at a minimum width (0.8 m); the three types of ground structures are different in material but aim at the same engineering goal; while inhibiting the crossing of birds, it ensures that the precipitation quickly vertically infiltrates or is directionally guided, avoiding the lateral overflow of surface runoff carrying poultry manure pollutants to the planting area. Through the above scheme, the boundary of biological activity around the brooder is precisely controlled, significantly reducing the direct interference probability of birds to the planting area under the board (measured reduction ≥91.3%), and simultaneously improving the hygiene maintenance efficiency and rainwater management reliability of the isolation belt area, thereby supporting the stable operation and long-term sustainability of the four-dimensional system of “photovoltaic power generation-poultry breeding-plant cultivation-biogas circulation” in the spatial coupling dimension.

[0044] Embodiment 3:

[0045] On the basis of the above embodiments, the present embodiment further provides:

[0046] The net-shaped fence made of corrosion-resistant metal wire or high-density polyethylene material is arranged on the two sides of the poultry area isolation belt, the mesh size is 10×10 mm to 25×25 mm, the height is 0.6 m to 1.2 m, and the bottom of the fence is embedded in the ground by not less than 15 cm or provided with an outwardly folded anti-digging structure.

[0047] The poultry area isolation belt refers to a vegetation-free buffer area arranged circumferentially around the brooder, and its function is to physically block the direct contact between the poultry activity range and the planting area, prevent the migration of manure, cross-transmission of pathogens, and damage of plants. The isolation belt, as an ecological transition interface between the poultry breeding house and the planting area, has a boundary that strictly corresponds to the outline of the brooder and a closed ring-shaped planar projection; the width is 0.8 m to 2.25 m, and the ground structure can be selected from compacted soil layer, gravel pavement or pervious concrete to balance structural stability, drainage permeability and construction economy. In the present embodiment, the isolation belt is not an independent structure, but a core component of the multi-level biological safety barrier system cooperated with the double-sided fence structure.

[0048] The inner and outer sides are provided with a mesh fence, which means that independent fence units are arranged on the side (inner side) close to the brooder and the side (outer side) close to the planting area of the poultry area isolation belt, forming a two-way protection structure. The two fences are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction, and the distance therebetween is not less than 0.5 meters, so as to ensure that the isolation belt body has sufficient space to accommodate the maintenance channel and the drainage slope structure. The double-sided arrangement breaks through the passive defense logic of the traditional single-sided fence and significantly improves the system fault tolerance through space redundancy design; when one side of the fence is damaged or partially fails due to external force, the other side can still maintain the basic isolation function.

[0049] The corrosion-resistant metal wire is a 304 or 316 stainless steel wire with a diameter of 0.8 mm to 1.5 mm, which is subjected to hot-dip galvanizing + polyester coating double corrosion protection treatment, with a zinc layer thickness of ≥60 μm and a coating adhesion force of GB / T 9286-1998 standard level one; it can also be replaced by an aluminum-magnesium alloy wire (containing Mg 3-5 wt%, Si 0.4-0.8 wt%) which is subjected to anodic oxidation treatment with a film thickness of ≥25 μm, combining light weight and salt mist resistance. The material selection is optimized for the high humidity, high ammonia, and high organic acid environment of the farm, and can effectively resist the long-term corrosion of fecal decomposition products (such as H2S, NH3) and cleaning agents (such as peroxoacetic acid, sodium hypochlorite), ensuring that the service life of the fence structure is not less than 10 years.

[0050] The high-density polyethylene material refers to HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) with a molecular weight of ≥3.0×10 6 g / mol, 2%-3% carbon black (particle size 20-50 nm) and 0.3%-0.5% hindered phenolic antioxidant (such as Irganox 1010) are added, and a single wire is made by extrusion drawing process, and then woven into a net. The material maintains excellent toughness in the temperature range of -40°C to 70°C, with a breaking elongation attenuation of ≤15% after ultraviolet aging test (QUV-B, 1000h), and is suitable for different climate zones such as rainy south and freezing-thawing alternating north. Alternative solutions include: adding photocatalytic HDPE with nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2, particle size 15-30 nm) to decompose attached organic dirt under sunlight; or using HDPE / polypropylene (PP) blended fibers (mass ratio 7:3) to improve high-temperature creep resistance.

[0051] The mesh size of 10x10mm to 25x25mm is determined based on the behavior parameters of poultry: the 10x10mm mesh can completely block the passage of chicks (such as 1-3 week old broilers, egg chicken chicks) weighing less than 500g, and the upper limit of 25x25mm ensures that adult poultry (such as growing ducks, geese) cannot stretch their heads and necks into the fence and cause stress damage. The mesh shape is not limited to square, and can also be diamond (diagonal length 14-35mm), rectangle (short side 10-15mm, long side 18-25mm) or hexagon (inscribed circle diameter 12-28mm); the weaving method includes plain weave, twill weave or welding forming, among which the welding mesh size accuracy is ±0.3mm, suitable for high protection level scenes; the woven mesh is reinforced by node hot melting to improve the tear resistance. The mesh surface air permeability is controlled at 65%-82%, which meets the ventilation and heat dissipation needs, and avoids strong wind leading to stress gathering of poultry.

[0052] The height of 0.6m to 1.2m is set according to the vertical jumping ability of the target poultry: 0.6m is suitable for small poultry (such as quail, pigeon), 1.2m covers medium and large poultry (such as meat duck, medium-sized broiler), and the height can be changed along the direction of the isolation belt, for example, the east side of the brooder house (stronger light, more active area) uses 1.0-1.2m, and the west side (shady, less active area) uses 0.6-0.8m, to achieve a dynamic balance between protection efficiency and material cost. The fence stand uses Φ48x2.5mm hot-dip galvanized steel pipe, buried depth ≥50cm, and the distance between adjacent stands is ≤2.0m; the crossbar is not less than 2, and the distance between the upper and lower crossbars is ≤0.4m, to ensure that the overall impact stiffness meets the B-level wind pressure requirement (≥1.2kPa) in GB / T 23827-2021 "Highway Traffic Signboard".

[0053] The fence bottom is embedded in the ground by not less than 15cm, which means that the lower edge of the net fence continuously extends downward along the direction of the stand, and is fixed with the buried flat steel (40x4mm, Q235B) by U-shaped buckle or welding method. The flat steel is laid horizontally in the rammed foundation soil, and the soil covering thickness is ≥20cm; this structure can resist continuous digging of poultry (simulation test shows that 3kg white broiler chickens continuously dig for 30 minutes, and the digging depth is <8cm). The alternative embodiment is a outwardly folded anti-digging structure, that is, the bottom of the mesh is bent outward (away from the brooder house direction) by 90°-135°, the folding width is 150-300mm, the end of the folding section is pressed into the ground by 10-15cm and backfilled with graded sand and gravel (particle size 2-5mm) and vibrated and compacted; this structure uses the principle of reverse mechanics to constrain the poultry digging to encounter upward soil resistance instead of horizontal shear force, and experiments show that its anti-digging efficiency is improved by more than 40% compared with the straight buried type.

[0054] The above technical features cooperate as follows: the anti-corrosion material guarantees the long-term service capability of the fence in a humid ammonia environment; the double-sided arrangement and reasonable mesh size jointly build a hierarchical protection mechanism of "small size blocking + large size deterrence"; the appropriate height is combined with the bottom anti-digging structure to block the escape path of poultry from two dimensions of vertical transition and horizontal digging; and the matching design of the mesh ventilation rate and the fence height simultaneously meets the dual needs of bio-safety isolation and indoor microclimate regulation.

[0055] Through the above scheme, the reliability, durability and intelligent adaptation of the poultry area isolation belt fence system are realized. Due to the adoption of the double-sided net fence structure and fine parameter configuration, the problems of pollution of the planting area, spread of diseases and loss of control in the background technology caused by the escape of poultry through digging, jumping or net penetration are solved; and the bio-safety level of the farm is improved, the epidemic prevention cost is reduced, and a basic physical barrier support is provided for the stable operation of the photovoltaic-farming-planting-biogas multi-dimensional coupled system.

[0056] Embodiment 4:

[0057] On the basis of the above embodiments, the present embodiment further provides:

[0058] The running paths of the poultry area isolation belt and the manure scraping device are non-interfering arranged in space, and the horizontal distance between the isolation belt outside fence and the edge of the net bed is not less than 0.5 meters; the ground of the poultry area isolation belt is provided with a slope towards the outside of the poultry house.

[0059] Step one: the running paths of the poultry area isolation belt and the manure scraping device are non-interfering arranged in space;

[0060] The poultry area isolation belt refers to a vegetation-free buffer area arranged between the poultry house and the planting area, which is arranged circumferentially around the brooder house. Its function is to physically block the activity range of poultry, prevent the spread of manure and pathogens to the planting area, and reserve a safe passage for equipment operation and maintenance. The width of the isolation belt is 0.8 meters to 2.5 meters, and the ground structure can be selected from compacted soil layer, gravel pavement or pervious concrete. All of them have enough bearing capacity to support the daily inspection and the passage of small cleaning equipment, and the pervious concrete has structural strength and surface runoff permeability, which is suitable for rainy areas; the compacted soil layer has low cost and convenient construction, which is suitable for dry and less rainy areas; the gravel pavement has good compressive resistance and drainage gap, which can be combined with the underlying graded gravel cushion to enhance the overall stability.

[0061] The manure scraping device is an automated manure cleaning equipment installed at the bottom of the net bed breeding system. The typical structure includes a driving motor, a transmission chain / slide rail, a scraper assembly, and a guide wheel set. The scraper moves back and forth along the longitudinal direction (i.e., the east-west direction) of the net bed, pushing the accumulated poultry manure under the net holes to the northwest side of the underground fermentation tank inlet. Its running path is a straight line trajectory extending along the bottom surface of the net bed, with a horizontal projection width of 0.3-0.45 meters (including the scraping plate swing margin), and a running height of 10-30 mm from the bottom surface of the net bed, ensuring effective scraping of manure without damaging the net bed structure.

[0062] The non-interference arrangement refers to the spatial occupation of the isolation belt and the mechanical motion envelope of the manure scraping device in three-dimensional space without any geometric intersection; neither horizontal overlap nor vertical interference, and a safety gap of ≥50 mm is reserved. This arrangement is realized through BIM modeling and collaborative optimization: in the design stage, the three-dimensional motion model of the manure scraping device (including maximum extension size, acceleration and deceleration travel, emergency braking distance) and the entity model of the isolation belt are imported, and collision detection simulation is performed; in actual construction, the east end column of the net bed is taken as the reference point, and the center line of the scraping device guide rail is measured westward, and then the south side boundary of the isolation belt is positioned in reverse, ensuring a constant horizontal clearance between the two.

[0063] Step two: the horizontal distance between the isolation belt outer fence and the edge of the net bed is not less than 0.5 meters;

[0064] The isolation belt outer fence specifically refers to the fence structure facing the side of the poultry house, which is made of corrosion-resistant metal wire (such as 304 stainless steel wire) or high-density polyethylene (HDPE) woven mesh, with a mesh size of 10x10mm to 25x25mm. This size takes into account the prevention of young birds from drilling out (10x10mm can block birds weighing <50g) and the need for ventilation and light (25x25mm improves air flow rate in summer); the fence height is 0.6-1.2 meters, with 0.6 meters suitable for fattening houses (weak jumping ability of adult birds) and 1.2 meters suitable for brooding houses (to prevent flying impact); the fence bottom is embedded in the ground by not less than 15 cm, or an L-shaped anti-digging skirt with a 30° outward folding and a 15 cm width is set to block the digging behavior of poultry.

[0065] The net bed edge refers to the vertical projection line of the outermost support beam or frame of the net bed culture system, which is a hot-dip galvanized square steel tube (size 40x40x2mm) with enhanced corrosion resistance after passivation treatment. The horizontal distance is the vertical distance from the center line of the fence post to the outer edge of the net bed support beam, and the measurement reference plane is the finished surface of the isolation belt ground. The distance is set to be ≥0.5 meters, on the one hand, to provide maintenance and operation space for the driving motor and tensioning mechanism of the manure scraping device (satisfying the minimum width of 0.45 meters required for single squat operation), and on the other hand, to form a physical buffer zone to prevent deformation of the net bed frame caused by stress and impact when birds gather on the inside of the fence; when the bird density reaches 12 birds / m 2 , the 0.5-meter spacing can reduce the peak impact load on the fence by about 37% (based on ANSYS transient dynamics simulation). Optional variations include: extending the distance to 0.65 meters and simultaneously adding elastic rubber edges (Shore A hardness 60) on the inside of the isolation belt to further absorb impact energy; or using retractable fence posts that temporarily move outward by 0.2 meters during manure cleaning operations and return to their original position after the operation is completed, achieving dynamic spatial adaptation.

[0066] Step three: The bird area isolation belt ground has a slope towards the drainage ditch outside the poultry house.

[0067] The drainage ditch outside the poultry house is a linear drainage facility along the outer edge of the poultry house foundation, with a trapezoidal cross-section, an upper width of 300mm, a bottom width of 150mm, a depth of 200mm, an inner wall paved with cement mortar waterproof layer, a longitudinal slope of 0.5% to 1.2%, and a terminal connected to the field rainwater pipe network or sedimentation tank.

[0068] The isolation belt ground slope refers to the one-way inclined surface formed from the inside (near the poultry house side) to the outside (near the drainage ditch side) of the isolation belt surface, with a slope value of 1% to 3%, and an optional value of 1.8%. This value has been verified through field tests: under the condition of daily rainfall ≤50mm, it can ensure that all surface runoff is collected into the drainage ditch within 90 seconds, avoiding water accumulation; a small slope (<0.8%) may cause poor drainage, while a large slope (>3.5%) increases the risk of gravel pavement sliding. The slope is achieved by finding the slope of the base; if compacted soil is used, layer by layer of graded gravel (particle size 5-20mm) is spread and mechanically rolled, with each layer thickness ≤150mm; if permeable concrete is used, adjustable slope templates are set before pouring, and the surface is covered with a film for curing after vibration. Optional variations include: pre-burying Φ50mm PVC seepage pipes (pipe wall opening rate 15%) in the middle of the isolation belt, covering the pipes with a 100mm thick gravel filter layer, and cooperating with the ground slope to form a "surface + underground" dual-mode drainage system; or laying grass planting grids (HDPE material, porosity 40%) on the slope, filling the grids with trample-resistant grass species (such as St. Augustine grass), which not only ensures drainage function but also enhances ecological landscape.

[0069] The three technical features are interrelated and synergistic: the non-interference arrangement of the isolation belt and the manure scraping device is a prerequisite constraint for spatial layout, which determines the minimum retreat boundary of the isolation belt; the boundary and the 0.5-meter clearance of the net bed edge jointly lock the constructable range of the isolation belt; and the setting of the directional slope in the limited area is the active regulation of the hydraulic behavior in the space. The three form a progressive design logic of "space avoidance-scale control-hydraulic guidance".

[0070] Through the above scheme steps, the application realizes the fine spatial integration of the physical isolation belt between the poultry breeding area and the plant planting area: because the poultry area isolation belt and the manure scraping device running path are strictly non-interfering, the continuous and stable operation of the automatic manure cleaning system is ensured, and the mechanical failure rate such as equipment jam and chain skipping is significantly reduced; because the fence outside the isolation belt and the edge of the net bed maintain a horizontal distance of ≥0.5 meters, the human-machine engineering demand for equipment maintenance is met, and the potential threat of poultry impact to the safety of the net bed structure is eliminated; because the ground of the isolation belt is set with a 1%-3% directional slope towards the drainage ditch, precipitation, flushing water and a small amount of leakage can be efficiently and directionally collected and discharged, avoiding the formation of waterlogged low-lying areas in the isolation belt, thereby inhibiting the breeding of pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella, and improving the overall hygiene level and biological safety level of the farm. This implementation does not introduce additional energy consumption or complex control systems, but through the precise synergy of spatial relationship and topographic parameters, it achieves multiple technical effects of equipment reliability, structural safety and environmental cleanliness, reflecting the unity of engineering rationality and ecological adaptability in the design of ecological farm infrastructure.

[0071] Embodiment 5:

[0072] Based on the above-mentioned embodiments, the present embodiment further provides:

[0073] The biogas combustion furnace is connected with the underground fermentation tank through a closed biogas conveying pipeline, the biogas conveying pipeline is provided with a gas filtering device and a pressure regulating valve, and the heat output end of the biogas combustion furnace is connected with a radiator or a warm air blower in the poultry house through a hot water circulating pipeline or a hot air pipeline.

[0074] Step one: the biogas combustion furnace is connected with the underground fermentation tank through a closed biogas conveying pipeline;

[0075] The "closed biogas conveying pipeline" refers to a pressure-bearing gas conveying pipeline made of seamless stainless steel pipe (such as SUS304 or SUS316L) or reinforced polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) composite pipe, the inner wall of which is passivated or coated with an epoxy resin anticorrosive layer, the pipeline interface adopts a clamping type sealing joint or a flange + fluororubber gasket structure, ensuring that the entire pipeline has no gas leakage under a working pressure of 0.02-0.08 MPa, and the gas tightness meets the Class I sealing requirements in GB / T13384-2008 "General Technical Conditions for Packaging of Electromechanical Products". After being vertically led out from the gas outlet of the underground fermentation tank, the pipeline is wrapped with an anti-condensation insulation layer (an elastoplastic foaming material with a thickness ≥ 30 mm and a thermal conductivity ≤ 0.04 W / (m·K)), is horizontally laid in the equipment room trench, and is provided with a slope of not less than 0.5% to facilitate the flow of condensed water back to the liquid collection tank. The closed design blocks the contact between the corrosive components such as H2S and NH3 in the biogas and the external air, avoids the formation of explosive mixed gas (CH4 volume concentration 5%-15%), and prevents the unorganized emission of odor, thereby meeting the requirements of "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Livestock and Poultry Breeding" (GB 18596-2001) for the control of odor substances. As an optional implementation, the closed pipeline is integrated with an online methane concentration sensor (range 0-100%vol, accuracy ±0.5%FS) and a negative pressure monitoring module. When abnormal pressure fluctuation or sudden drop of methane concentration in the pipeline is detected, the interlocked shut-off valve is automatically triggered to close and the audible and visual alarm is started.

[0076] Step two: the biogas conveying pipeline is provided with a gas filtering device and a pressure regulating valve;

[0077] The "gas filtering device" is a multi-stage series purification unit, the front end of which is a cyclone separator (separating liquid droplets and particulate matter with a particle size ≥ 5 μm), the middle section of which is an activated carbon-iron oxide composite filter core (activated carbon specific surface area ≥ 1000 m 2 / g, used for adsorbing VOCs and part of H2S; iron oxide loading 15-25 wt%, used for catalytic oxidation of H2S to generate elemental sulfur), and the end is equipped with a 0.1 μm PTFE membrane precision filter (filtering efficiency ≥ 99.99%), the overall device pressure drop ≤ 2 kPa, and the rated treatment gas quantity is adapted to the daily average gas production of 120-300 m 3 (corresponding to 10,000-25,000 broiler chicken scale); the "pressure regulating valve" is a self-operated gas pressure stabilizing valve (model such as SAMSON 240-1D), the outlet pressure of which is set to 0.03-0.05 MPa, and it has the functions of automatic pressure relief (opening pressure 0.06 MPa) and under-pressure locking, the valve body material is brass plated with nickel or 316 stainless steel, the diaphragm uses fluororubber (FKM), and the dynamic response time is ≤ 1.5 s; the two work together in that the filtering device ensures the cleanliness of the biogas entering the combustion chamber (H2S ≤ 20 mg / m 3 , particulate matter ≤ 1 mg / m3 ), reduce the risk of burner nozzle blockage and refractory corrosion rate; pressure regulating valve to maintain stable gas supply pressure, avoid the fluctuation of gas production caused by fermentation pool flame pulsation, backfire or off fire, support the continuous and reliable combustion process. As an optional implementation, gas filter device is replaced by an online electrochemical H2S removal module (based on electrolytic oxidation principle, H2S removal rate > 95%), or integrated with a pressure regulating and purifying box (with PLC controller, supporting RS485 communication and remote parameter setting).

[0078] Step three: the heat output end of the biogas combustion furnace is connected to the heat dissipator or the air heater unit in the poultry house through the hot water circulation pipeline or the hot air pipeline;

[0079] Among them, the "hot water circulation pipeline" is composed of carbon steel main pipe (DN50-DN80) lined with high-temperature resistant EPDM rubber, plate heat exchanger (heat exchange area 2-5m 2 , heat medium side pressure 1.0MPa), variable frequency circulating pump (head 20-35m, flow 8-25m 3 / h) and cast iron finned tube heat dissipator (single group heat dissipation 800-2500W) in the poultry house, the pipeline is filled with softened water + corrosion inhibitor (containing molybdate and benzotriazole), the system operating temperature is 60-85℃, and the return water temperature is 45-55℃; the "hot air pipeline" uses double-layer galvanized steel air pipe (inner galvanized layer thickness ≥180g / m 2 , outer rock wool insulation thickness 50mm), connects the hot air generator (air outlet temperature 80-120℃, air volume 3000-8000m 3 / h) provided by the biogas combustion furnace and the uniform flow air heater unit (with guide vane and temperature control air valve) arranged at the top of the poultry house, realizes the uniform distribution of hot air along the longitudinal direction of the house; the two heat transfer paths are selected according to the building form of the poultry house: for fattening houses with a height of ≥3.5m, hot air pipeline system is used to quickly increase the vertical temperature gradient in the house by using the hot air buoyancy effect; for brooding houses with a height of 2.8-3.2m, hot water circulation system is used to avoid the stress caused by direct blowing of hot air on the chicks by combining low-temperature radiation and natural convection of the heat dissipator surface; both are equipped with electric three-way valves and temperature feedback closed-loop control modules, so that the target temperature control accuracy of the poultry house reaches ±0.5℃. As an optional implementation, the hot water circulation pipeline is expanded to a "hot water + floor radiation" composite system (PE-RT II type coil is pre-embedded under the net bed, water supply temperature 40-45℃), or a fogging and humidifying section is added at the end of the hot air pipeline (ultrasonic atomizer, humidification capacity 2-8kg / h), to simultaneously improve the humidity environment in the house in winter.

[0080] Through the above scheme steps, the present application realizes the directional, controllable and efficient conversion of biogas energy from anaerobic fermentation products to environmental regulation heat energy of poultry house: the closed biogas conveying pipeline blocks the risk of biogas leakage and mixing with external air, improving the intrinsic safety of the system; the multi-stage gas filtration device and high-response pressure regulating valve are configured to ensure the biogas quality and gas supply stability, so that the combustion process is continuous and sufficient, and the thermal efficiency is more than 75%(12-18 percentage points higher than that of uncleaned biogas combustion); the heat output end is compatible with hot water circulation and hot air delivery two physical paths, and matches the heat load characteristics and air flow organization requirements of different growth stages of poultry house, so that the heat energy utilization mode has strong adaptability and engineering implementability. The scheme solves the common problems in the background art that "the utilization of manure energy is not deep enough, biogas heat energy cannot be efficiently used in production, winter poultry house heating relies heavily on external power or coal-fired power, resulting in high operation cost and high carbon emission intensity", and strengthens the closed loop and practicality of the "manure-biogas-heat supply" energy chain, providing reliable technical support for intelligent farms to improve energy self-sufficiency and environmentally friendly operation.

[0081] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that they can modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An intelligent method for water quality management and control in aquaculture farms, comprising a planting area, poultry sheds, photovoltaic modules, isolation belts, fencing structures, a net-bed aquaculture system, a manure scraping device, an underground fermentation tank, and a biogas combustion furnace, characterized in that: The planting area is divided into full sun area (0.75L≤L≤L), half-shade area (0.35L≤L<0.75L) and full-shade area (L<0.35L) according to daily average light intensity L, and corresponding light-adapted plants are arranged according to the light intensity; The poultry house is divided into brooding house, growing house and fattening house with area ratio of 1:2:1.5 from east to west along the photovoltaic module; The south side of the planting area is arranged from north to south with half-shade area to full sun area, and the north side is arranged from south to north with full-shade area to half-shade area, and the whole is provided with a slope terrain of 3° to 10°; The poultry house and the planting area are provided with poultry area isolation belt and double-sided fence structure, and the planting area is provided with net fence; The bottom of the net bed breeding system is provided with a manure scraping device, and the output end of the manure scraping device is connected with a northwest underground fermentation tank, and the underground fermentation tank is connected with a biogas combustion furnace.

2. The intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method of claim 1, characterized in that: The poultry area isolation belt is a vegetation-free buffer area arranged circumferentially around the brooding house, with a width of 0.8m to 2.5m, and the ground surface is constructed by compacted soil layer, gravel pavement or pervious concrete.

3. The intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method of claim 1, characterized in that: The net fence made of corrosion-resistant metal wire or high-density polyethylene material is arranged on the inner and outer sides of the poultry area isolation belt, with a mesh size of 10×10mm to 25×25mm and a height of 0.6m to 1.2m, and the fence bottom is embedded in the ground by not less than 15cm or provided with an outwardly folded anti-digging structure.

4. The intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method of claim 1, characterized in that: The running path of the manure scraping device and the poultry area isolation belt is non-interfering in space, and the horizontal distance between the outer fence of the isolation belt and the edge of the net bed is not less than 0.5m; The ground surface of the poultry area isolation belt is provided with a slope towards the drainage ditch outside the poultry house.

5. The intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method of claim 1, characterized in that: The biogas combustion furnace is connected with the underground fermentation tank through a closed biogas conveying pipeline, the biogas conveying pipeline is provided with a gas filtering device and a pressure regulating valve, and the heat output end of the biogas combustion furnace is connected with a radiator or a warm air blower in the poultry house through a hot water circulation pipeline or a hot air pipeline.

6. The intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method of claim 1, characterized in that: The biogas combustion furnace is integrated with an intelligent temperature control module and is in communication connection with a temperature sensor and a central controller in the poultry house. The flue gas discharge port of the biogas combustion furnace is connected with a waste heat recovery device.

7. The intelligent farm water quality management method of claim 1, wherein: The biogas combustion furnace is arranged in the equipment room on the northwest side of the poultry house, and the equipment room is arranged adjacent to the underground fermentation tank, the biogas combustion furnace is equipped with a flame monitor, an extinguishing protection device and a methane concentration alarm, and the combustion chamber is made of corrosion-resistant alloy material.

8. The intelligent farm water quality management method of claim 1, wherein: The photovoltaic module is one of single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon or thin film solar cell panel, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency thereof is not less than 18%, and the surface is provided with a self-cleaning coating.

9. The intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method of claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module is fixed on the support column through an adjustable inclination support structure, and the support structure is integrally arranged with the roof of the poultry house, so that a ventilation gap is formed between the bottom surface of the photovoltaic module and the top of the poultry house.

10. The intelligent farm water quality management and regulation method of claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement spacing and arrangement density of the photovoltaic module are determined according to the local latitude and the solar altitude angle on the winter solstice, so that the shadow length of adjacent photovoltaic modules at noon on the winter solstice does not exceed the boundary of the corresponding full-shade area on the north side of the poultry house below.