Multi-station switching surgical instrument

Abstract

The multi-station switching surgical instrument is characterized in that a handheld part comprises a fixed handle and a movable handle, the movable handle is pivoted to the fixed handle, and an outer tube is arranged at the front end of the fixed handle; the clamping part comprises two clamping heads which are hinged to each other; a linkage piece is arranged between the movable handle and the clamping part, so that the movable handle is controlled to realize opening and closing of the two clamping heads; at least one of the two clamping heads is divided into an outer clamp cover and an inner clamp head; the inner clamp head is rotationally mounted in the outer clamp cover; the tail portion of the inner tong head is connected with a rotating piece, the rear end of the rotating piece extends into the fixed handle, and rotation of the rotating piece is controlled through a gear switch arranged on the fixed handle. The inner plier head in a specific shape is arranged and matched with a structure capable of controlling the inner plier head to rotate, so that the inner plier head achieves surface contact or edge contact, the clamping effect and the shearing effect are achieved respectively, and then one plier with multiple heads is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a surgical instrument with multiple workstations. Background Technology

[0002] Laparoscopic surgical instruments are commonly used surgical instruments in laparoscopic surgery. These instruments are designed with "bars" and are inserted into the abdominal cavity through a trocar. With the assistance of a laparoscopic system, the surgical site can be manipulated remotely using a handle. Procedures include grasping, clamping, dissecting, cutting, needle holding, biopsy, venting, and irrigation.

[0003] High-frequency surgical instruments are also a type of laparoscopic surgical instrument. Their generator produces specific waveforms and load power, which, with the aid of a high-frequency electrocoagulation cutter, act on the patient's tissue surface to cauterize blood vessels, electrocoagulate, and stop bleeding. During operation, positive current travels through the electrode wire to the clamp head. When the clamp head is closed, the current flows through another clamp head to another electrode wire, forming a working circuit.

[0004] While laparoscopic surgical instruments have solved the challenges of laparoscopic surgery, their functions are limited. Essentially, each type of clamp can only perform one function, requiring frequent switching of instruments during surgery, thus impacting efficiency. Using multiple instruments simultaneously necessitates creating multiple access points, further increasing the risk of injury to the patient.

[0005] High-frequency surgical instruments also present similar problems. For example, electrocoagulation cutting forceps have two functions: cutting and electrocoagulation. Cutting involves severing tissue, while electrocoagulation involves burning and fusing tissue. Regardless of the function, the forceps head design must consider the compatibility of both functions. Cutting should be as fast as possible, while electrocoagulation should have a larger contact area. Fast cutting requires a small contact area, while a large electrocoagulation area is necessary, creating a conflict between the two functions. If the forceps head is too "sharp," the electrocoagulation effect will be poor, easily leading to cutting instead of electrocoagulation; if the head is too "blunt," the cutting effect will be poor, requiring prolonged contact with tissue to complete the cut, resulting in excessive thermal damage. Therefore, during surgery, it is often necessary to switch to or use other instruments to complete the electrocoagulation cutting. This results in poor efficiency, inconvenience, and prolonged surgical time. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention is a multi-position conversion surgical instrument. Its purpose is to achieve the effects of clamping and cutting by setting a specific shape for the inner clamp head and combining it with a structure that can control the rotation of the inner clamp head.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: a multi-position conversion surgical instrument, wherein the handheld part includes a fixed handle and a movable handle, the movable handle being pivotally connected to the fixed handle, and the front end of the fixed handle being provided with an outer tube;

[0008] The clamping part includes two hinged clamping heads;

[0009] A linkage is provided between the movable handle and the clamping part, so that controlling the movable handle can open and close the two clamping heads;

[0010] The inner clamp head is rotatably mounted inside the outer clamp cover;

[0011] The tail of the inner clamp head is connected to a rotating component, the rear end of which extends into the fixed handle, and the rotation of the rotating component is controlled by a gear switch provided on the fixed handle.

[0012] The rotating component is a connecting rod located at the rear end of the inner jaw, and the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the inner jaw through a connecting component;

[0013] The tail end of the connecting rod is connected to an adjusting screw, which extends into a fixed handle;

[0014] The fixed handle is provided with a sliding block, and the sliding block has a threaded hole. The sliding block is connected to the adjusting screw through the threaded hole.

[0015] The gear position switch is slidably mounted on the fixed handle and connected to the sliding block; by moving the gear position switch back and forth, the sliding block is driven to move back and forth, which in turn drives the adjustment screw and the inner clamp head to rotate.

[0016] The front end of the inner jaw is rotatably mounted inside the outer jaw cover via a rotating pin;

[0017] The cross-section of the inner clamp head is polygonal, and at least two sides of the polygon have different widths;

[0018] When both gripping heads are divided into outer jaws and inner jaws, the outer jaws of the two gripping heads are hinged to each other; the two inner jaws can achieve surface contact or edge contact.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] By designing a specific inner clamp head and combining it with a structure that can control the rotation of the inner clamp head, the inner clamp head achieves either surface contact or edge contact, thus realizing the effects of clamping and shearing, respectively. Furthermore, the size of the surface contact area can also be controlled by rotation, enabling a single clamp to handle multiple heads. This makes the invention applicable to both high-frequency surgical instruments and non-active laparoscopic surgical instruments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a sectional perspective view of the handheld part of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of Embodiment 1 of the clamping part of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the effect of the two inner clamp heads rotating synchronously by 180° in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the inner clamp head;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the effect of the internal clamp heads rotating synchronously by 180°.

[0027] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of Embodiment 2 of the clamping part of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped ball head in Example 2;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 3 of the clamping part of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the single-action clamping part;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the changing states of the single-action clamping unit;

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-acting clamping part;

[0034] Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram of the double-acting clamping part and the linkage component;

[0035] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the changing states of the double-action clamping unit;

[0036] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of a handheld part with a torsion spring inside;

[0037] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional view of the reset mechanism inside the outer tube;

[0038] Figure 18 for Figure 17 Side view;

[0039] Figure 19 This is a diagram showing the relationship between the spring, the rear retaining plate, and the front retaining plate.

[0040] Figure 20 A schematic diagram of a gear switch with an arc-shaped plate;

[0041] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of a sliding block with an annular groove.

[0042] Labeling Explanation: 11 Fixed Handle, 111 Limiting Protrusion, 12 Movable Handle, 13 Outer Tube, 2 Clamping Head, 21 Outer Clamp Cover, 22 Inner Clamp Head, 23 Rotating Pin, 24 Connecting Rod, 25 Adjusting Screw, 31 Pin, 32 First Pin Seat, 33 Cross Ball Head, 331 Vertical Pin, 332 Horizontal Pin, 34 Second Pin Seat, 35 Third Pin Seat, 36 Universal Cable, 41 Arc-shaped Slide, 411 Slide Seat, 42 Limiting Shaft, 43 Shaft Hole, 431 Shaft Seat, 51 Connecting Rod Frame, 52 Cable, 53 Correcting Block, 54 Forked Rod, 61 Sliding Block, 611 Threaded Hole, 62 Gear Switch, 71 Torsion Spring, 72 Spring, 73 Rear Baffle, 74 Front Baffle, 81 Rotating Wheel, 82 Rotating Column, 821 Limiting Ring Groove, 91 Annular Groove, 92 Arc-shaped Plate, 93 Bracket, 94 Wire. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0044] like Figures 1-21 As shown: A multi-position conversion surgical instrument, the handheld part includes a fixed handle 11 and a movable handle 12, the movable handle 12 is pivotally connected to the fixed handle 11, and the front end of the fixed handle 11 is provided with an outer tube 13;

[0045] The clamping part includes two hinged clamping heads 2;

[0046] A linkage is provided between the movable handle 12 and the clamping part, so that the movable handle 12 can be controlled to open and close the two clamping heads 2;

[0047] At least one of the two clamping heads 2 is further divided into an outer clamp cover 21 and an inner clamp head 22;

[0048] The inner clamp head 22 is rotatably mounted inside the outer clamp cover 21;

[0049] The tail of the inner clamp head 22 is connected to a rotating component, the rear end of which extends into the fixed handle 11, and the rotation of the rotating component is controlled by a gear switch 62 provided on the fixed handle 11.

[0050] The inner clamp head 22 has a polygonal cross-section, and at least two sides of the polygon have different widths.

[0051] By rotating the inner clamp head, either surface contact or edge contact can be achieved. Surface contact enables clamping, while edge contact enables shearing. Furthermore, the size of the surface contact area can also be controlled by rotation, enabling a single clamp to handle multiple heads. This makes the invention applicable to both high-frequency surgical instruments and non-active laparoscopic surgical instruments.

[0052] The clamping head of the clamping part can be set to single-action or double-action as needed.

[0053] like Figures 11-12 As shown: The single-action type represents that the two clamping heads are hinged through a hinge structure, but one clamping head is fixed and the other clamping head is controlled to swing through a linkage, realizing the opening and closing of the two clamping heads.

[0054] like Figure 12 As shown: The clamping head 2 located at the lower part is fixedly connected to the front end of the outer tube 13. The fixed clamping head 2 has a slide seat 411 with an arc-shaped slide groove 41 on both sides of the rear part; the movable clamping head 2 has a shaft seat 431 with a shaft hole 43 at the rear.

[0055] The front end of the linkage is divided into two forked rods 54, and the ends of the forked rods 54 are provided with limiting shafts 42. The limiting shafts pass through the arc-shaped sliding groove 41 and the shaft hole 43 from the outside to the inside; so that when the movable handle 12 is pressed, the linkage drives the movable clamping head 2 to move backward and enter the outer tube 13, thereby achieving the closure of the two clamping heads 2.

[0056] When the linkage pushes forward, the movable clamping head 2 moves forward and tilts up with the bearing seat 431 as the fulcrum, thus closing the two clamping heads 2.

[0057] like Figures 13-15 As shown: The double-action type means that the two clamping heads are hinged through a hinge structure, and both clamping heads can swing. The hinge joint of the two clamping heads is connected to the linkage. When the linkage pulls the two clamping heads backward, the two clamping heads are closed. When the linkage pushes the two clamping heads forward, the two clamping heads return to the open state.

[0058] Whether the clamping part is single-acting or double-acting, it is existing technology, so the specific structure of the present invention will not be described in detail.

[0059] However, it should be noted that the clamping head 2 is divided into an outer clamp cover 21 and an inner clamp head 22; the hinge structure for opening and closing the clamping part of the clamping head 2, which is divided into an outer clamp cover 21 and an inner clamp head 22, is provided on the outer clamp cover 21.

[0060] Furthermore, the rotating component is a connecting rod 24 provided at the rear end of the inner clamp head 22, and the connecting rod 24 is rotatably connected to the inner clamp head 22 through a connecting component;

[0061] The tail end of the connecting rod 24 is connected to the adjusting screw 25, which extends into the fixed handle 11;

[0062] The fixed handle 11 is provided with a sliding block 61, and the sliding block 61 is provided with a threaded hole. The sliding block 61 is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw 25 through the threaded hole.

[0063] The gear position switch 62 is slidably mounted on the fixed handle 11 and connected to the sliding block 61; by moving the gear position switch 62 back and forth, the sliding block 61 is driven to move back and forth, thereby driving the adjustment screw 25 and the inner clamp head 22 to rotate.

[0064] The gear switch is connected to the sliding block. When the gear switch moves back and forth, it will drive the sliding block to move back and forth. Since the sliding block does not rotate axially, it will drive the adjusting screw 25 to rotate, which in turn drives the inner clamp head 22 to rotate.

[0065] The front end of the inner jaw 22 is rotatably mounted inside the outer jaw cover 21 via a rotating pin 23. This ensures the rotation of the inner jaw 22.

[0066] Since the two clamping heads are hinged, traditional clamping heads typically have clamping head bearings on both heads, which are connected by a shaft structure.

[0067] If one of the two clamping heads 2 is divided into an outer clamp cover 21 and an inner clamp head 22, the outer clamp cover 21 of the clamping head 2 and the other clamping head 2 are hinged.

[0068] If both clamping heads 2 are divided into an outer clamp cover 21 and an inner clamp head 22, the outer clamp covers 21 of the two clamping heads 2 are hinged to each other.

[0069] Based on the different types of connectors and the different effects they bring, the present invention derives the following three embodiments:

[0070] Example 1:

[0071] like Figures 3-6 As shown: the connector is a pin 31, and the front end of the connecting rod 24 and the rear end of the inner clamp head 22 are both provided with a first pin seat 32 that cooperates with the pin 31; thereby realizing the bidirectional rotation of the inner clamp head 22.

[0072] Example 2:

[0073] like Figures 7-8 As shown: the connector is a cross ball head 33, which is provided with a vertical pin 331 and a horizontal pin 332; the front end of the connecting rod 24 is provided with a second pin seat 34 connected to the horizontal pin 332; the rear end of the inner clamp head 22 is provided with a third pin seat 35 connected to the vertical pin 331; thereby realizing the four-way rotation of the inner clamp head 22.

[0074] Example 3:

[0075] like Figures 9-10 As shown: the connecting component is a universal steel cable 36, and the two ends of the universal steel cable 36 are respectively connected to the front end of the connecting rod 24 and the rear end of the inner clamp head 22; thereby realizing the universal rotation of the inner clamp head 22.

[0076] Generally, the opening and closing of the two gripping heads is achieved around the hinge. If the gripping head 2 is divided into an outer clamp cover 21 and an inner clamp head 22, then for the gripping head 2 to open and close, both the outer clamp cover 21 and the inner clamp head 22 need to open and close simultaneously.

[0077] The outer clamp cover 21 itself serves as a carrier for the hinged connection of the two clamping heads. Therefore, for the inner clamp head 22 to open and close with the outer clamp cover 21, it is necessary to ensure that the connecting parts between the inner clamp head 22 and the connecting rod 24 can meet the conditions for the inner clamp head 22 to open and close with the outer clamp cover 21.

[0078] Example 1 employs a pin 31, the extension direction of which is consistent with the extension direction of the rotating shaft at the hinge point of the two gripping heads, thus satisfying the requirement that the inner jaw 22 opens and closes with the outer jaw cover 21. When the inner jaw 22 rotates 180 degrees, the extension direction of the pin 31 remains consistent with the extension direction of the rotating shaft at the hinge point of the two gripping heads, again satisfying the requirement that the inner jaw 22 opens and closes with the outer jaw cover 21. However, if the rotation angle of the inner jaw 22 is not a multiple of 180 degrees, then the two gripping heads will not be able to open and close.

[0079] Example 2 employs a cross-shaped ball joint 33, which has a vertical pin 331 and a horizontal pin 332. Its principle is the same as in Example 1, but here the inner jaw 22 has a four-directional rotational basis. In the initial state, the extension direction of the horizontal pin 332 is consistent with the extension direction of the rotating shaft at the hinge point of the two gripping heads, satisfying the requirement that the inner jaw 22 opens and closes with the outer jaw cover 21. When the inner jaw 22 rotates 90 degrees, the extension direction of the vertical pin 331 is consistent with the extension direction of the rotating shaft at the hinge point of the two gripping heads, satisfying the requirement that the inner jaw 22 opens and closes with the outer jaw cover 21. In other words, as long as the inner jaw 22 rotates at angles that are multiples of 90 degrees each time, the opening and closing of the two gripping heads can be satisfied.

[0080] In Example 3, a universal steel cable 36 is used for connection. Since the universal steel cable 36 has a certain toughness, no matter how much the inner clamp head 22 rotates, as the two clamping heads open and close, the universal steel cable 36 deforms, allowing the inner clamp head to complete the opening and closing effect synchronously.

[0081] The linkage includes a linkage frame 51 and a steel cable 52. The linkage frame 51 is located inside the outer tube 13, and its front end is hinged to the clamping part. The rear end of the linkage frame 51 is connected to the front end of the steel cable 52, and the rear end of the steel cable 52 is fixedly connected to the movable handle 12. The two forked rods 54 mentioned above together constitute the linkage frame 51.

[0082] The linkage here adopts a front-end linkage design, mainly to ensure the stability of the connection with the clamping head 2; while the linkage adopts a rear-end steel cable 52 design, mainly because the fixed handle 11 contains many parts and the distribution between the parts is complex, and the flexible steel cable 52 is easier to lay out.

[0083] The fixed handle 11 is equipped with a correction block 53, and the rear end of the steel cable 52 passes through the correction block 53 and is fixedly connected to the movable handle 12. Since the movable handle 12 swings around the hinge point, pressing the movable handle will cause the fixed connection point between the movable handle 12 and the steel cable 52 to undergo vertical displacement; adding the correction block 53 can ensure that the steel cable 52 before the correction block 53 still maintains horizontal linear movement.

[0084] like Figures 16-19 As shown: In order to ensure that the movable handle and the clamping part can be reset after the movable handle is pressed, a reset mechanism is also included. The reset mechanism is a torsion spring 71 installed at the junction of the movable handle 12 and the fixed handle 11, and a spring 72 located inside the outer tube. The spring 72 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod frame 51. A rear baffle 73 is provided on the inner wall of the outer tube, and a front baffle 74 is provided on the outer wall of the connecting rod frame 51. The spring 72 is located between the rear baffle 73 and the front baffle 74.

[0085] The torsion spring drives the movable handle 12 to reset, and the spring 72 drives the linkage frame to reset. The linkage frame is used here to ensure that when the linkage frame is reset, it drives the clamping head 2 to move forward and open.

[0086] The outer tube 13 is rotatably connected to the front end of the fixed handle 11; the tail end of the outer tube 13 is provided with a rotating wheel 81, the rear end of the rotating wheel 81 is fixed with a rotating column 82, and the outer periphery of the rotating column 82 is provided with a limiting ring groove 821; the front end of the fixed handle 11 is provided with a limiting protrusion 111 that is embedded in the limiting ring groove 821.

[0087] The rotating column 82 is provided with a limiting hole to accommodate the adjusting screw 25 and the linkage component passing through;

[0088] Rotating the wheel 81 in this way can drive the clamping part to rotate. The corresponding rotating parts and linkage parts will also rotate accordingly. Due to the rotating design here, the rear part of the linkage part uses a steel cable 52, which can also effectively ensure the use of the present invention. Of course, in actual design, the steel cable 52 generally passes through the center part of the rotating column 82.

[0089] The sliding block 61 has annular grooves 91 on both the front and rear sides, which are coaxial with the outer tube 13; the gear switch 62 has two front and rear brackets 93, and the ends of the two brackets 93 are provided with arc-shaped pieces 92, which are respectively embedded in the two annular grooves 91.

[0090] The central axis of the threaded hole 611 does not overlap with the rotating axis of the annular groove 91.

[0091] This design ensures that when the outer tube 13 rotates, it drives the sliding block 61 to rotate, so that the adjusting screw 25 rotates synchronously with the outer tube 13, and the corresponding clamping part also completes the rotation.

[0092] It should be noted that the central axis of the threaded hole 611 and the rotating axis of the annular groove 91 are designed not to overlap. The main consideration is that if the threaded hole 611 and the annular groove 91 are set concentrically, then due to the presence of the annular groove 91 and the arc-shaped piece 92, when the gear switch 62 is pushed, the sliding block 61 will move back and forth and rotate itself, instead of driving the adjusting screw 25 to rotate.

[0093] The central axis of the threaded hole 611 does not overlap with the rotating axis of the annular groove 91. This eccentric principle ensures that the sliding block 61 does not rotate while moving back and forth, thus ensuring that the sliding block 61 can drive the adjusting screw 25 to rotate.

[0094] It should be noted that the combination of the hand-held part and the clamping part of the present invention is mainly used as a laparoscopic surgical instrument. If the clamping head is connected to the wire 94 and the steel cable and the surface of the sliding block 61 are designed with an insulating layer, the present invention can be used as a high-frequency surgical instrument.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-position switching surgical instrument, comprising a handheld part and a clamping part; The handheld part includes a fixed handle (11) and a movable handle (12), the movable handle (12) being pivotally connected to the fixed handle (11), and the front end of the fixed handle (11) being provided with an outer tube (13). The clamping part includes two hinged clamping heads (2); A linkage is provided between the movable handle (12) and the clamping part, so that the movable handle (12) can be controlled to open and close the two clamping heads (2); Its features are: The inner clamp head (22) is rotatably mounted inside the outer clamp cover (21); The tail of the inner clamp head (22) is connected to a rotating component. The rear end of the rotating component extends into the fixed handle (11), and the rotation of the rotating component is controlled by the gear switch (62) provided on the fixed handle (11). The rotating component is a connecting rod (24) provided at the rear end of the inner clamp head (22), and the connecting rod (24) is rotatably connected to the inner clamp head (22) through a connecting component; The tail of the connecting rod (24) is connected to an adjusting screw (25), which extends into the fixed handle (11); The fixed handle (11) is provided with a sliding block (61), and the sliding block (61) is provided with a threaded hole (611). The sliding block (61) is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw (25) through the threaded hole (611). The gear switch (62) is slidably mounted on the fixed handle (11) and connected to the sliding block (61); by moving the gear switch (62) back and forth, the sliding block (61) is driven to move back and forth, thereby driving the adjustment screw (25) and the inner clamp head (22) to rotate. The front end of the inner clamp head (22) is rotatably mounted inside the outer clamp cover (21) via a rotating pin (23); The cross-section of the inner clamp head (22) is polygonal, and at least two sides of the polygon have different widths; When both clamping heads (2) are divided into outer clamp covers (21) and inner clamp heads (22), the outer clamp covers (21) of the two clamping heads (2) are hinged to each other; the two inner clamp heads (22) can achieve surface contact or edge contact.

2. The surgical instrument with multi-position conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector is a pin (31), and the front end of the connecting rod (24) and the rear end of the inner jaw (22) are both provided with a first pin seat (32) that cooperates with the pin (31); thereby realizing the bidirectional rotation of the inner jaw (22).

3. The surgical instrument with multi-position conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector is a cross-shaped ball head (33), which is provided with a vertical pin (331) and a horizontal pin (332); the front end of the connecting rod (24) is provided with a second pin seat (34) connected to the horizontal pin (332); the rear end of the inner clamp head (22) is provided with a third pin seat (35) connected to the vertical pin (331); thereby realizing the four-way rotation of the inner clamp head (22).

4. The surgical instrument with multi-position conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector is a universal steel cable (36), and the two ends of the universal steel cable (36) are respectively connected to the front end of the connecting rod (24) and the rear end of the inner clamp head (22); thereby realizing the universal rotation of the inner clamp head (22).

5. A multi-position switching surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The linkage includes a linkage frame (51) and a steel cable (52). The linkage frame (51) is located inside the outer tube (13), and the front end of the linkage frame (51) is hinged to the clamping part. The rear end of the linkage frame (51) is connected to the front end of the steel cable (52), and the rear end of the steel cable (52) is connected to the movable handle (12).

6. A multi-position convertible surgical instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a reset mechanism, which is a torsion spring (71) installed at the pivot point of the movable handle (12) and the fixed handle (11), and a spring (72) located inside the outer tube (13); the spring (72) is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod frame (51), a rear baffle (73) is provided on the inner wall of the outer tube (13), and a front baffle (74) is provided on the outer wall of the connecting rod frame (51), and the spring (72) is located between the rear baffle (73) and the front baffle (74).

7. A multi-station convertible surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer tube (13) is rotatably connected to the front end of the fixed handle (11); the tail end of the outer tube (13) is provided with a rotating wheel (81), the rear end of the rotating wheel (81) is fixed with a rotating column (82), and the outer circumference of the rotating column (82) is provided with a limiting ring groove (821); the front end of the fixed handle (11) is provided with a limiting protrusion (111) that is embedded in the limiting ring groove (821); The rotating column (82) is provided with a limiting hole for accommodating the adjusting screw (25) and the linkage component.

8. A multi-position convertible surgical instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding block (61) has an annular groove (91) on both the front and rear sides, which is coaxial with the outer tube (13); the gear switch (62) has two front and rear brackets (93), and the ends of the two brackets (93) are provided with arc-shaped pieces (92), and the two arc-shaped pieces (92) are respectively embedded in the two annular grooves (91). The central axis of the threaded hole (611) does not overlap with the rotating axis of the annular groove (91).

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