A five-axis turning-milling combined machine type swing head spindle anti-collision device

Abstract

The application discloses a five-axis turning-milling combined machine type swing head spindle anti-collision device and relates to the technical field of numerical control turning-milling. The device seat is provided with a machining swing head at the rear end of the middle part through a lifting module, the bottom end of the machining swing head is fixedly connected with a containing shell outside the rotating shaft, a buffer mechanism is installed outside the machining swing head, a brake mechanism is installed inside the containing shell, two groups of moving blocks are arranged in the sliding grooves on the inner side surface of the collision plate, the back ends of the two groups of moving blocks are rotationally connected with first deflection rods and second deflection rods respectively, direct rigid collision of the machining swing head during work is avoided, part deformation and jamming are avoided, machine tool downtime and maintenance cost caused by collision are effectively reduced, workpiece rejection rate is reduced, secondary collision and chain collision caused by inertia continuous movement of the machining swing head are avoided, and the core defects of brake response lag and separation of buffer and brake in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of respirator testing technology, specifically to an anti-collision device for the spindle of a five-axis milling and turning machine. Background Technology

[0002] As high-end manufacturing evolves towards precision, complexity, and efficiency, five-axis milling and turning composite machine tools, relying on their core advantages of precise and controllable multi-axis linkage and flexible and varied head posture, have been widely used in key fields such as aerospace, high-end equipment manufacturing, and precision parts processing. They can efficiently achieve integrated precision machining of complex curved surfaces and irregularly shaped structural parts, significantly improving machining efficiency and accuracy.

[0003] However, in the existing five-axis milling and turning composite machine tools, the spatial motion trajectory of the swivel head A / B axis and the spindle X / Y / Z axis linkage is complex and the swivel head posture is varied. Various collision risks are prone to occur during the machining process, causing damage to moving parts and delaying the machining operation. At the same time, it is not easy to brake the drive axis in time when a collision occurs, which can easily cause problems such as chipping and breakage of milling and turning tools.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, innovative designs are urgently needed based on existing approaches. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a collision prevention device for the spindle of a five-axis milling and turning machine, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the easy occurrence of various collision risks during the machining process and the inconvenience of timely synchronous braking of the drive shaft during collisions. The technical solution of this invention addresses the problem that the existing technical solutions are too simplistic and provides a solution that is significantly different from the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a five-axis milling and turning composite machine spindle anti-collision device, comprising a device base, wherein a machining spindle is mounted on the rear end of the middle part of the device base via a lifting module, a clamping module is mounted on the bottom end of the device base below the machining spindle, a rotating shaft is mounted on the bottom of the machining spindle, a housing is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the machining spindle around the rotating shaft, a buffer mechanism is mounted around the machining spindle, and a braking mechanism is mounted inside the housing;

[0007] The buffer mechanism includes a buffer seat that is fitted and fixedly connected to the outer surface of the processing swing head. A collision plate is slidably limited on the outer side of the buffer seat by a first spring, forming a sealed space. A moving block is limited in a groove on the inner surface of the collision plate. Two sets of moving blocks are arranged in the groove on the inner surface of the collision plate. The back ends of the two sets of moving blocks are respectively rotatably connected to a first deflection rod and a second deflection rod. A buffer tension spring is installed between the first deflection rod and the second deflection rod through a protrusion. A support rod is limited and slidably limited on the outer side of both the first deflection rod and the second deflection rod. The end of the support rod away from the collision plate is limited and slidably limited on the surface of the buffer seat.

[0008] Preferably, the braking mechanism includes a rotating ring rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner end of the housing, a first abutment block fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring, a limiting ring fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner end of the housing inside the rotating ring, a through opening on the surface of the limiting ring, a limiting plate fixedly connected to the inner surface of the through opening, a pressing block sleeved around the limiting plate, the limiting plate sliding within grooves on both sides of the limiting block, a second spring fixedly connected to the top of the limiting plate, the other end of the second spring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressing block, a second abutment block fixedly connected to the inner surface of the rotating ring corresponding to the position of the rotating ring, a braking block fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing block, and a driving assembly installed at the top of the inner end of the housing.

[0009] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a first oil tank fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the housing, a first piston rod slidingly limited inside the first oil tank, a third spring sleeved on the surface of the first piston rod, the output end of the first piston rod extending above the first abutment block, a second oil tank fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer seat, and a second piston rod slidingly limited on both sides inside the second oil tank.

[0010] Preferably, the ends of the first deflector rod and the second deflector rod away from the collision plate are hinged to each other and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the buffer seat. Two sets of the first deflector rod and the second deflector rod are arranged opposite each other. The second oil tank is located between the two sets of the first deflector rod and the second deflector rod. The output end of the second piston rod is fixedly connected to the surface of the support rod.

[0011] Preferably, the buffer seats are arranged in six groups evenly around the outer surface of the processing swing head, and the collision surface of the collision plate is arc-shaped.

[0012] Preferably, the first oil tank is provided with six sets of circumferentially evenly arranged at the top of the inner part of the housing, the first abutting block is provided with six sets corresponding to the first oil tank and is arranged in an arc shape, and the second abutting block is provided with six sets of circumferentially evenly arranged on the inner surface of the rotating ring.

[0013] Preferably, the contact surfaces of the first and second contact blocks are configured as inclined structures.

[0014] Preferably, the oil chamber at the top of the first oil tank is connected to the oil chamber in the middle of the second oil tank via an oil hose.

[0015] Preferably, the method includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: When the swing head collides, the collision force acts on the collision plate, causing it to overcome the first spring and slide towards the inside of the buffer seat. The sealed space is compressed to form buffer damping. The moving block drives the first deflection rod and the second deflection rod to deflect, stretching the buffer spring to absorb energy.

[0017] S2: The first deflection rod and the second deflection rod deflect and push the support rod to slide, squeezing the second piston rod, so that the high-pressure oil in the second oil tank is transported to the first oil tank through the oil hose, completing the linkage transmission;

[0018] S3: High-pressure oil pushes the first piston rod down to contact the first contact block, causing the rotating ring and the second contact block to rotate, pushing the extrusion block and the brake block to contact the rotating shaft, and the friction locks the rotating shaft to prevent secondary collision.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. This invention comprises a buffer seat, a collision plate, a moving block, a first deflection rod, a second deflection rod, and a buffer spring. When an impact occurs, the impact force acts on the arc-shaped collision plate. The collision plate overcomes the elastic force of the first spring and slides inward toward the buffer seat. The first spring absorbs part of the impact force. Subsequently, the moving block on the inner side of the collision plate moves synchronously with it, pushing the first and second deflection rods to deflect around the hinge point. The two sets of deflection rods are in a state of moving away from each other. At this time, the buffer spring is stretched to further absorb the energy generated by the collision. Moreover, the collision surfaces of the six sets of collision plates are arc-shaped, which can adapt to the collision impact of the machining head in the entire circumference. This avoids direct rigid collisions during the operation of the machining head, which can cause component deformation and jamming. It effectively reduces machine tool downtime and maintenance costs caused by collisions, reduces workpiece scrap rate, and improves the processing continuity and production efficiency of the five-axis turning and milling composite machine tool.

[0021] 2. This invention comprises a rotating ring, a first abutting block, a limiting ring, a limiting plate, a pressing block, a second abutting block, a braking block, and a driving assembly. When a collision occurs, the first deflection rod and the second deflection rod deflect, causing the driving assembly to operate. This causes the first abutting block to abut against the rotating ring, which in turn causes the rotating ring to rotate around the rotating shaft. The second abutting block inside the rotating ring rotates synchronously, gradually abutting against the top of the pressing block. This pushes the pressing block to slide inward along the groove of the limiting plate, ultimately causing the braking block to move inward and closely contact the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (i.e., the swing head drive shaft). The rotating shaft is locked by friction, thus locking the swing head drive shaft immediately when a collision occurs. This prevents secondary collisions and chain collisions caused by the continued movement of the processing swing head due to inertia. This solves the core defects of the prior art, such as delayed braking response and separation of buffering and braking. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure for processing the swing head of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a top cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of the oscillating head structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting ring and limiting plate structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating ring and the first contact block structure of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Device base; 2. Processing swing head; 3. Clamping module; 4. Rotating shaft; 5. Housing shell; 61. Buffer seat; 62. Collision plate; 63. Moving block; 64. First deflection rod; 65. Second deflection rod; 66. Buffer tension spring; 67. Support rod; 71. Rotating ring; 72. First contact block; 73. Limiting ring; 74. Limiting plate; 75. Squeezing block; 76. Second contact block; 77. Braking block; 781. First oil tank; 782. First piston rod; 783. Second oil tank; 784. Second piston rod. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a five-axis milling and turning composite machine spindle anti-collision device, including a device base 1, a machining spindle 2 installed at the rear end of the middle part of the device base 1 via a lifting module, a clamping module 3 installed at the bottom of the device base 1 below the machining spindle 2, a rotating shaft 4 installed at the bottom of the machining spindle 2, a housing shell 5 fixedly connected to the bottom of the machining spindle 2 around the rotating shaft 4, a buffer mechanism installed around the machining spindle 2, and a braking mechanism installed inside the housing shell 5;

[0034] The buffer mechanism includes a buffer seat 61 that is fitted and fixedly connected to the outer surface of the processing swing head 2. A collision plate 62 is slidably limited on the outer side of the buffer seat 61 by a first spring, forming a sealed space. A sliding block 63 is limited in a groove on the inner surface of the collision plate 62. Two sets of sliding blocks 63 are arranged in the groove on the inner surface of the collision plate 62. The back ends of the two sets of sliding blocks 63 are respectively rotatably connected to a first deflection rod 64 and a second deflection rod 65. A buffer is installed between the first deflection rod 64 and the second deflection rod 65 through a protrusion. The tension spring 66, the first deflecting rod 64, and the second deflecting rod 65 are all limited and slidably supported by a support rod 67 on their outer sides. The end of the support rod 67 away from the collision plate 62 is limited and slidably located on the surface of the buffer seat 61. The ends of the first deflecting rod 64 and the second deflecting rod 65 away from the collision plate 62 are hinged to each other and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the buffer seat 61. Two sets of the first deflecting rod 64 and the second deflecting rod 65 are arranged opposite each other. Six sets of buffer seats 61 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the outer surface of the processing swing head 2. The collision surface of the collision plate 62 is arc-shaped.

[0035] During a collision, the collision plate 62 slides inward toward the buffer seat 61, compressing the enclosed space formed with the buffer seat 61. The moving block 63 inside the collision plate 62 moves synchronously relative to it. The relative movement of the moving block 63 causes the first deflection rod 64 and the second deflection rod 65 to deflect toward each other around the hinge point. The first deflection rod 64 and the second deflection rod 65 move away from the hinge end, thereby stretching the buffer spring 66. The elastic deformation of the buffer spring 66 absorbs the energy generated by the collision.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the braking mechanism includes a rotating ring 71 rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner end of the housing 5. A first abutting block 72 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring 71. A limiting ring 73 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner end of the housing 5 inside the rotating ring 71. A through-hole is opened on the surface of the limiting ring 73. A limiting plate 74 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the through-hole. An extrusion block 75 is sleeved around the limiting plate 74. The two sides of the limiting plate 74 are limited to sliding within the grooves opened around the extrusion block 75. A second spring is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting plate 74. The other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extrusion block 75. A second abutting block 76 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the rotating ring 71 at the position of the rotating ring 71. Six sets of second abutting blocks 76 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner surface of the rotating ring 71. A braking block 77 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extrusion block 75. The contact surfaces of the first abutting block 72 and the second abutting block 76 are set in an inclined structure. A driving assembly is installed at the top of the inner end of the housing 5.

[0037] The rotating ring 71 rotates around the rotating shaft 4. The second abutting block 76 on the inner side of the rotating ring 71 rotates synchronously with the rotating ring 71. The abutting surface of the second abutting block 76 has an inclined structure. It gradually abuts against the top of the extrusion block 75, pushing the extrusion block 75 to slide inward along the groove of the limiting plate 74. Finally, it drives the brake block 77 to move inward and closely abut against the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4, locking the rotating shaft 4 by friction.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drive assembly includes a first oil tank 781 fixedly connected to the top of the interior of the housing 5, a first piston rod 782 slidingly limited inside the first oil tank 781, a third spring sleeved on the surface of the first piston rod 782, the output end of the first piston rod 782 extending above the first abutment block 72, a second oil tank 783 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer seat 61, a second piston rod 784 slidingly limited on both sides inside the second oil tank 783, the oil chamber at the top of the first oil tank 781 being connected to the oil chamber in the middle of the second oil tank 783 via an oil hose, the second oil tank 783 being located between two sets of first deflection rods 64 and second deflection rods 65, the output end of the second piston rod 784 being fixedly connected to the surface of the support rod 67, six sets of the first oil tank 781 being evenly arranged circumferentially at the top of the interior of the housing 5, and six sets of the first abutment block 72 being arranged corresponding to the first oil tank 781, and being arc-shaped;

[0039] During the deflection process of the first deflection rod 64 and the second deflection rod 65, the support rod 67 on their outer side will slide along the inner surface of the buffer seat 61, and simultaneously squeeze the second piston rod 784. After the second piston rod 784 is compressed, the high-pressure oil in the second oil tank 783 will be quickly transported to the chamber of the first oil tank 781 through the oil hose. The high-pressure oil will push the first piston rod 782 to move downward, compress the third spring, and the output end of the first piston rod 782 will touch the first contact block 72 downward.

[0040] Based on the above embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 9 The method includes the following steps:

[0041] S1: When the processing swing head 2 collides, the collision force acts on the collision plate 62, causing it to overcome the first spring and slide towards the inside of the buffer seat 61. The sealed space is compressed to form buffer damping. The moving block 63 drives the first deflection rod 64 and the second deflection rod 65 to deflect, stretching the buffer spring 66 to absorb energy.

[0042] S2: The first deflection rod 64 and the second deflection rod 65 deflect and push the support rod 67 to slide, squeezing the second piston rod 784, so that the high-pressure oil in the second oil tank 783 is transported to the first oil tank 781 through the oil hose, completing the linkage transmission;

[0043] S3: High-pressure oil pushes the first piston rod 782 down to abut the first abutment block 72, causing the rotating ring 71 and the second abutment block 76 to rotate, pushing the extrusion block 75 and the brake block 77 to abut against the rotating shaft 4, and the frictional force locks the rotating shaft 4 to prevent secondary collision.

[0044] Working principle: When the processing swing head 2 collides, the collision force acts on the arc-shaped collision plate 62. The collision plate 62 overcomes the elastic force of the first spring and slides inward toward the buffer seat 61. The sealed space formed with the buffer seat 61 is compressed, forming the first buffer damping. The moving block 63 on the inner side of the collision plate 62 moves synchronously relative to it. The relative movement of the moving block 63 causes the first deflection rod 64 and the second deflection rod 65 to deflect toward each other around the hinge point. The first deflection rod 64 and the second deflection rod 65 move away from the hinge end and are relatively far apart, forming an obtuse triangle state, which in turn stretches the buffer spring 66. The elastic deformation of the buffer spring 66 absorbs the energy generated by the collision.

[0045] During the deflection of the first deflector rod 64 and the second deflector rod 65, the outer support rod 67 is pushed to slide along the inner surface of the buffer seat 61, simultaneously squeezing the second piston rod 784. After the second piston rod 784 is compressed, the high-pressure oil in the second oil tank 783 is quickly transported to the chamber of the first oil tank 781 through the oil hose. The high-pressure oil pushes the first piston rod 782 downward, compressing the third spring. The output end of the first piston rod 782 touches the first contact block 72 downward. Since the first contact block 72 is annularly arranged and... The contact surface is inclined, which drives the rotating ring 71 to rotate around the rotating shaft 4. The second contact block 76 inside the rotating ring 71 rotates synchronously with the rotating ring 71. The contact surface of the second contact block 76 is inclined and gradually abuts against the top of the extrusion block 75, pushing the extrusion block 75 to slide inward along the groove of the limiting plate 74. Finally, it drives the brake block 77 to move inward and closely abut against the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 4 (i.e., the swing head drive shaft). The rotating shaft 4 is locked by friction, avoiding secondary collisions caused by the continued movement of the processing swing head 2 due to inertia.

[0046] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention in order to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, based on the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collision prevention device for the spindle of a five-axis milling and turning machine, comprising a device base (1), characterized in that: The device base (1) has a processing swing head (2) installed at the rear end of the middle section via a lifting module. The device base (1) has a clamping module (3) installed at the bottom inside below the processing swing head (2). The processing swing head (2) has a rotating shaft (4) installed at the bottom. The processing swing head (2) has a housing (5) fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft (4). The processing swing head (2) has a buffer mechanism installed around it. The housing (5) has a braking mechanism installed inside it. The buffer mechanism includes a buffer seat (61) that is fitted and fixedly connected to the outer surface of the processing swing head (2). A collision plate (62) is slidably limited on the outer side of the buffer seat (61) by a first spring, forming a closed space. A moving block (63) is limited in a groove on the inner surface of the collision plate (62). Two sets of moving blocks (63) are provided in the groove on the inner surface of the collision plate (62). The back ends of the two sets of moving blocks (63) are respectively rotatably connected to a first deflection rod (64) and a second deflection rod (65). A buffer tension spring (66) is installed between the first deflection rod (64) and the second deflection rod (65) through a protrusion. A support rod (67) is slidably limited on the outer side of both the first deflection rod (64) and the second deflection rod (65). The end of the support rod (67) away from the collision plate (62) is slidably limited on the surface of the buffer seat (61). The braking mechanism includes a rotating ring (71) rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner end of the housing (5). A first abutting block (72) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring (71). A limiting ring (73) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner end of the housing (5) inside the rotating ring (71). A through-hole is opened on the surface of the limiting ring (73). A limiting plate (74) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the through-hole. A squeezing block (75) is sleeved around the limiting plate (74). The two sides of the limiting plate (74) are limited to sliding in the grooves opened around the squeezing block (75). A second spring is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting plate (74). The other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the squeezing block (75). A second abutting block (76) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the rotating ring (71) at the position of the rotating ring (71). A braking block (77) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the squeezing block (75). A driving assembly is installed at the top of the inner end of the housing (5).

2. The anti-collision device for the swivel spindle of a five-axis milling and turning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a first oil tank (781) fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the housing (5), a first piston rod (782) slidingly limited inside the first oil tank (781), a third spring sleeved on the surface of the first piston rod (782), the output end of the first piston rod (782) extending above the first abutment block (72), a second oil tank (783) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer seat (61), and a second piston rod (784) slidingly limited on both sides inside the second oil tank (783).

3. The anti-collision device for the swivel spindle of a five-axis milling and turning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first deflection rod (64) and the second deflection rod (65) are hinged to each other at the ends away from the collision plate (62) and are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the buffer seat (61). Two sets of the first deflection rod (64) and the second deflection rod (65) are arranged opposite each other. The second oil tank (783) is located between the two sets of the first deflection rod (64) and the second deflection rod (65). The output end of the second piston rod (784) is fixedly connected to the surface of the support rod (67).

4. The anti-collision device for the swivel spindle of a five-axis milling and turning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buffer seat (61) is located on the outer surface of the processing swing head (2) and six sets are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. The collision surface of the collision plate (62) is arc-shaped.

5. The anti-collision device for the swivel spindle of a five-axis milling and turning machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first oil tank (781) is located inside the housing (5) and six sets are evenly arranged around the top circumference. The first abutting block (72) is located in the first oil tank (781) and six sets are arranged in an arc shape. The second abutting block (76) is located inside the rotating ring (71) and six sets are evenly arranged around the circumference.

6. The anti-collision device for the swivel spindle of a five-axis milling and turning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The contact surfaces of the first contact block (72) and the second contact block (76) are configured as inclined structures.

7. The anti-collision device for the swivel spindle of a five-axis milling and turning machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil chamber at the top of the first oil tank (781) is connected to the oil chamber in the middle of the second oil tank (783) via an oil hose.

8. A method for preventing collisions with the swivel spindle of a five-axis milling and turning machine, applicable to the anti-collision device for the swivel spindle of a five-axis milling and turning machine as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1: When the processing swing head (2) collides, the collision force acts on the collision plate (62), causing it to overcome the first spring and slide towards the inside of the buffer seat (61). The sealed space is compressed to form buffer damping. The moving block (63) drives the first deflection rod (64) and the second deflection rod (65) to deflect, stretching the buffer spring (66) to absorb energy. S2: The first deflection rod (64) and the second deflection rod (65) deflect and push the support rod (67) to slide, squeezing the second piston rod (784), so that the high pressure oil in the second oil tank (783) is transported to the first oil tank (781) through the oil hose, thus completing the linkage transmission; S3: High-pressure oil pushes the first piston rod (782) down to abut the first abutting block (72), causing the rotating ring (71) and the second abutting block (76) to rotate, pushing the squeezing block (75) and the brake block (77) to abut against the rotating shaft (4), and the friction locks the rotating shaft (4) to prevent secondary collision.

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