Tire pressure monitoring data direct reading method, device and system based on passive NFC

Abstract

The invention provides a tire pressure monitoring data direct-reading method, device and system based on passive NFC (Near Field Communication), and the method comprises the following steps: a tire pressure monitoring device enters a radio frequency field coverage range generated by an external intelligent terminal, a power management chip in the device converts a formed unstable direct-current voltage into a constant working voltage to supply power to the device, and after the device is electrified, the power management chip supplies power to the tire pressure monitoring device; tire pressure monitoring data of a tire corresponding to an installation position is collected, the collected tire pressure monitoring data is packaged into a uniform resource locator (URL) containing query parameters, the URL is written into an NFC storage area of the device and is read by an external intelligent terminal, and the external intelligent terminal is directly triggered to call a web browser of a system based on a protocol format of the URL. According to the device, power is supplied through passive NFC radio frequency, and the tire pressure monitoring data are output in a uniform resource locator mode, so that the device can achieve real-time collection, transmission and direct reading display of the tire pressure monitoring data under the condition that a battery and a special application program are not needed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to bicycle tire pressure monitoring, in particular, to a passive NFC-based tire pressure monitoring data direct reading method, device and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tire pressure is a core parameter affecting the safety, comfort, handling and service life of a bicycle. If the tire pressure is too high, it will reduce the tire contact area, reduce the grip, and the cushioning on bumpy roads will be poor, and the risk of tire blowout will increase due to uneven local stress. If the tire pressure is too low, it will significantly increase the riding resistance, cause excessive deformation of the tire sidewall, abnormal heating, accelerate wear and even cause snake bite damage, and it is easy to puncture on muddy and sandy roads.

[0003] Therefore, tire pressure monitoring devices have become an important configuration for professional cycling and daily commuting bicycles, and the development of the technology has always been around the goal of "lightweight, accurate, passive, and easy to operate".

[0004] Currently, tire pressure monitoring solutions in the bicycle field are mainly divided into two categories: simple indirect monitoring tools and direct monitoring devices. The indirect method is mostly a manual tire pressure gauge (mechanical or electronic), which requires the user to manually remove the air cap for detection. It is tedious to operate, cannot be monitored in real time, and relies on the user's active inspection. It can only read the tire pressure value and has no abnormal warning function, making it difficult to meet the needs of quick troubleshooting before cycling and potential risk prediction during cycling. Some high-end bicycles are equipped with a simple indirect system that indirectly judges tire pressure by changes in wheelset speed. The accuracy is very low and is easily affected by road slope and riding intensity, limiting its practicality.

[0005] Direct tire pressure monitoring devices gradually become a hot spot in the professional cycling field because they can directly collect tire internal pressure and temperature data, providing higher monitoring accuracy and more direct feedback.

[0006] Existing bicycle direct monitoring devices mostly follow small active designs, that is, a battery-powered sensing terminal is built-in / tightly integrated with the tire cap to collect data, which is then transmitted to a cycling watch or a mobile phone APP via Bluetooth (BLE).

[0007] However, such active solutions have many inherent bottlenecks when adapted to the bicycle scene: first, the battery life is limited. The bicycle sensing terminal is small in size, and the built-in battery has limited capacity, with a service life of usually only 1-2 years. Replacing the battery requires disassembling the air cap or the sensing module, which is tedious to operate. Second, the wireless transmission adaptability is poor. In the bicycle riding scene, the watch and the sensing terminal are close but easily affected by the body vibration, resulting in data packet loss. Some low-end watches are not compatible with third-party Bluetooth sensing devices, which is not very versatile.

[0008] In view of this, the existing passive scheme is mostly based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, and the sensing terminal is awakened by the radio frequency energy of the external special read-write device to read data. However, when the RFID technology is adapted to the bicycle scene, the limitations are significant: on the one hand, RFID is mostly one-way data transmission without encryption function, and the sensing terminal in the cycling scene is easily disturbed by the external environment; on the other hand, the RFID read-write device is professional and cannot be adapted to mainstream consumer devices such as mobile phones, and the user of the bicycle needs to carry a special terminal additionally, and under the passive condition, the existing design is inefficient in collecting energy from the radio frequency field, and it is difficult to provide stable starting surge current for high-precision digital sensors and processors within the short time window of mobile phone NFC communication, which often leads to measurement failure or system reset.

[0009] In the prior art, for example, patent document CN107901712B discloses an NFC tire pressure detection device and method for an aircraft landing gear, which comprises a front-end tire pressure collector, a tire pressure detection main controller and a tire pressure information monitoring system. The tire pressure detection main controller sends an online detection instruction in an NFC manner according to a preset tire pressure detection strategy, the front-end tire pressure collector completes tire pressure monitoring data collection according to the received detection instruction, the tire pressure detection main controller reads the collected tire pressure monitoring data in an NFC manner, and sends the data to the tire pressure information monitoring system in an RS485 manner after temperature compensation and calibration, and displays the information in the form of a signal lamp after secondary processing. The invention detects tire pressure and communicates data through NFC, but it still has problems such as insufficient real-time direct reading capability and dependence on special terminal devices.

[0010] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing technology to realize real-time reading of tire pressure monitoring data without downloading application data. SUMMARY

[0011] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a tire pressure monitoring data direct reading method, device and system based on passive NFC, which provides stable starting voltage for the device by combining power management chip with radio frequency technology, and realizes real-time reading of tire pressure monitoring data by using a terminal with NFC function through URL parameterization method.

[0012] To achieve the above purpose, in a first aspect, the present application provides a tire pressure monitoring data direct reading method based on passive NFC, comprising: S1: The tire pressure monitoring device enters the coverage range of the radio frequency field generated by the external intelligent terminal, and the power management chip inside the device converts the unstable direct current voltage formed into a constant working voltage to power the device itself; S2: After the tire pressure monitoring device is powered on, the tire pressure monitoring data of the corresponding tire at the installation place is collected; S3: encapsulate the collected tire pressure monitoring data into a uniform resource locator URL containing query parameters, and write into the NFC storage area of the tire pressure monitoring device; S4: the external intelligent terminal reads, based on the protocol format of the URL, directly triggers the external intelligent terminal to call the network browser of its system, parses and displays the tire pressure monitoring data.

[0013] By passive NFC radio frequency power supply and outputting tire pressure monitoring data in the form of a uniform resource locator, the tire pressure monitoring device can realize instant collection, transmission and direct reading display of tire pressure monitoring data without the need for a battery and a dedicated application.

[0014] Optionally, the collected tire pressure monitoring data is encapsulated into a uniform resource locator URL containing query parameters, specifically including: The tire pressure monitoring device obtains the numerical value corresponding to the tire pressure monitoring data; Based on the pre-set protocol format, a uniform resource locator URL containing a query string is generated, wherein the string is composed of a parameter key and a parameter value of the numerical value; The uniform resource locator URL is configured to conform to the NDEF message record format to trigger the notification or automatic jump function of the external intelligent terminal.

[0015] By adopting a uniformly pre-set URL protocol format and conforming to the NDEF message record specification, the external intelligent terminal can automatically identify and jump to parse the tire pressure monitoring data using the system's native mechanism, improving the compatibility and triggering reliability of data reading.

[0016] Optionally, the tire pressure monitoring device sequentially performs energy conversion, sensor start, data collection and URL write-back actions according to a pre-set working time sequence, and the total period of the actions is controlled within 5 milliseconds. By completing each operation according to the pre-set time sequence, the passive tire pressure monitoring device can stably complete data collection and write-back within a very short communication time, improving the realizability of passive operation.

[0017] Optionally, the external intelligent terminal triggers a network request through a built-in script, and when it detects that the network is unavailable, it calls a pre-stored page resource from the local of the external intelligent terminal, parses and displays the query parameters in the uniform resource locator URL. By calling the pre-stored parsing resource locally when the network is unavailable to parse the query parameters in the uniform resource locator URL, the tire pressure monitoring data can still be correctly parsed and displayed in an offline environment, enhancing the environmental adaptability of the system.

[0018] In a second aspect, the application also provides a passive NFC-based tire pressure monitoring data direct reading device, comprising: An NFC communication module for receiving radio frequency energy and realizing data interaction; An energy management module connected with the NFC communication module for converting the radio frequency energy and powering the device; A sensing module for collecting tire pressure monitoring data and outputting digitized data; A master control module connected with the NFC communication module, the energy management module and the sensing module for controlling the sensing module to collect data, encapsulating the collected data into a uniform resource locator (URL) containing query parameters, and writing the formed uniform resource locator (URL) into the NFC communication module.

[0019] The device is a passive device configured to enable an external smart terminal to directly display tire pressure monitoring data without the need for a self-battery and without the need for installing a special program on the external smart terminal.

[0020] By integrating radio frequency power supply, data collection and URL data encapsulation into the passive device, the tire pressure monitoring device can output tire pressure monitoring data that can be directly analyzed by an external smart terminal without a self-power supply.

[0021] Optionally, the NFC communication module includes a coil antenna and an NFC tag chip arranged inside the device housing, the coil antenna is arranged in a region far away from metal inside the housing and connected with the NFC tag chip through an impedance matching circuit, and by arranging the coil antenna in a region far away from the metal mounting interface and performing impedance matching, the radio frequency energy acquisition efficiency and the stability of near field communication are improved.

[0022] Optionally, the energy management module includes: A power management chip connected with the NFC tag chip for converting the unstable voltage rectified by the NFC tag chip into a stable voltage; An energy storage capacitor connected in parallel with the power management chip for providing transient current compensation during device startup and data writing, and by setting the power management chip and the energy storage element to manage and compensate the radio frequency energy, stable power supply is ensured during device startup and data writing, and the stability of the passive device is improved.

[0023] Optionally, the sensing module includes a factory-calibrated digital MEMS air pressure sensor, the digital MEMS air pressure sensor is arranged inside the device through a sealing structure, and the digital MEMS air pressure sensor is arranged in a gas pressure guide channel inside the device for directly obtaining tire internal gas pressure data, and by using the factory-calibrated digital MEMS air pressure sensor and cooperating with the gas-tight guide structure, the device can accurately obtain real tire internal gas pressure data.

[0024] Optionally, the master module sequentially completes sensor configuration, data reading, uniform resource locator (URL) generation and NFC writing operation according to an instruction flow after power-on reset of the device, and does not enter a waiting or sleep state in the flow.

[0025] In a third aspect, the application further provides a system comprising the passive NFC-based tire pressure monitoring data direct-reading device of any one of the first aspect, comprising an external smart terminal with NFC function, reading the uniform resource locator (URL) in the device, automatically triggering the system native web browser based on the system basic service, analyzing the query parameters in the uniform resource locator (URL), and displaying the tire pressure monitoring data without installing a special application program, so that the external smart terminal can directly analyze and display the tire pressure monitoring data based on the system native service, thereby realizing convenient reading of the tire pressure monitoring data without installing a special application program.

[0026] The passive NFC-based tire pressure monitoring data direct-reading method, device and system provided by the application have the beneficial effects that, by passive NFC radio frequency power supply and limited energy timing control, fast acquisition and packaging of tire pressure monitoring data are realized, and the tire pressure monitoring data are output in the form of a uniform resource locator (URL), so that the external smart terminal can directly read and display the tire pressure monitoring data based on the system web browser under online or offline conditions, thereby improving the use convenience, reliability and system universality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are intended to provide further understanding of the application and are incorporated herein in their entirety, serve to explain the application and do not constitute an inappropriate limitation to the application. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a flowchart of the application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the method of the application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the device structure for the French valve; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the partial exploded structure of the device for the French valve; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal back view of the shell for the French valve; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the partial exploded structure of the device for the American valve; Figure 7 is a schematic view of the inside back of the shell for the American gas nozzle of the present application.

[0028] In the figure: 1 - gas nozzle tire pressure cap, 2 - shell, 3 - pcb board, 4 - plastic cover, 5 - coil antenna, 6 - air pressure sensor, 7 - sealing gasket, 8 - flow guide channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to better understand the technical scheme of the present application, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should be within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not necessarily limit to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0031] In the present application, the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0032] In addition, in addition to being used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, the above-mentioned part of the terms can also be used to indicate other meanings, for example, the term "up" can also be used to indicate a certain dependent relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of these terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] In addition, the meaning of the term "a plurality of" should be two and more than two.

[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for direct reading of tire pressure monitoring data based on passive NFC, including the following steps: Step 1: Passive RF power supply When the tire pressure monitoring device enters the coverage area of ​​the radio frequency field generated by the external near-field communication device, the NFC communication module inside the device receives radio frequency energy through the coil antenna. The radio frequency field is a 13.56MHz near-field communication radio frequency field. The radio frequency energy received by the device is rectified by the NFC tag chip to form an unstable DC voltage output, which powers the device itself.

[0036] Step Two: Energy Management and Voltage Stabilization The unstable DC voltage formed after rectification by the NFC tag chip is input into the energy management module. In this embodiment, the energy management module includes a power management chip and an energy storage element connected in parallel with its output terminal. The power management chip is used to convert the unstable DC voltage into a constant operating voltage, and the energy storage element is used for device startup, sensor wake-up, and providing instantaneous surge current compensation during the NFC writing phase.

[0037] Step 3: Tire Pressure Monitoring Data Collection After obtaining a stable power supply, the main control module initializes and controls the sensing module to collect data according to the preset working sequence. In this embodiment, the sensing module preferably uses a factory-calibrated digital MEMS air pressure sensor. The MEMS air pressure sensor directly outputs the temperature-compensated tire internal pressure data and temperature data, and sends them to the main control module through the digital communication interface.

[0038] Step 4: Data Encapsulation After completing data acquisition, the main control module formats the tire pressure monitoring data and / or temperature data and encapsulates it into a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) containing query parameters. In this embodiment, the URL query string includes at least the parameter key and corresponding parameter value of the tire pressure monitoring data, as well as the temperature parameter.

[0039] Step 5: NFC Data Write-back The main control module writes the generated Uniform Resource Locator (URL) into the NFC storage area of ​​the passive NFC tire pressure monitoring device. In this embodiment, the URL is stored in the NDEF URI record format conforming to the NFC Forum specification.

[0040] Step six: analysis and display of the terminal When the external intelligent terminal reads the NDEF URI record, the operating system of the external intelligent terminal automatically identifies the uniform resource identifier based on the underlying NFC service of the system, triggers the original resource analysis mechanism of the system, analyzes the query parameters in the uniform resource identifier, and directly displays the corresponding tire pressure monitoring data.

[0041] The embodiment adopts a data strategy of "integer transmission and front-end restoration" to reduce the data load of NFC transmission. Specifically, the conversion master module amplifies the collected floating-point pressure data (such as 2.50 Bar) by 100 times and takes the integer part (250) as the URL parameter for encapsulation. This mechanism saves the byte occupation of the NFC storage area and improves the success rate of writing in the extremely short energy window.

[0042] Embodiment two: On the basis of embodiment one, the embodiment provides a strict control timing within 5 milliseconds after the device is powered on, in which the MCU is fixedly configured to execute the following linear process without entering any waiting loop: 0ms - 0.5ms (radio frequency energy wake-up and rectification): When the mobile terminal approaches the device, the coil antenna receives a 13.56MHz radio frequency field, and the NFC tag chip rectifies an unstable 1.8-3.3V direct current voltage to store power for the subsequent circuit start-up.

[0043] 0.5-1.0ms (power supply stabilization and energy storage capacitor charging): The PMIC (start-up voltage ≤1.8V) stabilizes the output of 1.8V / 3.0V pure voltage; the energy storage capacitor reserves ≥20mA inrush current, wherein the PMIC is preferably SGM6602 stable voltage output; the energy storage element is preferably a 100μF patch multilayer ceramic capacitor (MLCC), and the capacity is sufficient to calculate the required about 5-10mA pulse current based on the system sensor instant (about 1.5-2.5ms) to ensure that the voltage drop is controlled within the MCU reset threshold.

[0044] 1.0-1.5ms (MCU power-on reset and initialization): MCU reset (≤200μs), initialize low-speed system clock, configure I²C bus (100kHz).

[0045] 1.5-2.5ms (sensor wake-up and configuration): Sensor wake-up (≤300μs), configure measurement accuracy (pressure ±0.01Bar, temperature ±0.5℃), and the energy storage capacitor provides a 5-10mA start-up current.

[0046] 2.5-3.5ms (pressure / temperature data acquisition): Sensor sampling (≤ 500μs), transfer temperature-compensated digital data through I2C, transfer time ≤ 300μs.

[0047] 3.5-4.5ms (data packaging into URL format): Convert data into URL string, package into NDEF URI record (length ≤ 64 bytes), format: https: / / xxx.com / tpms.html?p=[pressure]&t=[temperature].

[0048] 4.5-5.0ms (URL data writing into NFC chip): I2C writing speed ≥ 100 bytes / ms, energy storage capacitor supplements instantaneous current, avoids voltage drop, after writing, NFC waits for reading, when writing URL data into NFC tag chip, if the master module detects voltage monitoring abnormality or sensor response timeout, it will stop URL writing or write preset error status code to trigger abnormal processing mechanism.

[0049] Example Three: On the basis of example one, the embodiment also provides a terminal data analysis implementation, comprising: The user brings an external intelligent terminal supporting NFC, the terminal in this embodiment is preferably a mobile phone, close to the tire pressure monitoring device, the radio frequency field emitted by the terminal powers the tire pressure monitoring device, and at the same time reads the URL record in the NFC tag chip, after the iOS / Android operating system native NFC service identifies the NDEF URI record, it automatically triggers a system-level notification, the user clicks the notification to directly call the system default browser to open the URL, the browser requests the tpms.html file from the static server corresponding to the URL, and the built-in JS code in the page automatically registers the Service Worker; the Service Worker caches the tpms.html file to the local browser (Cache API) in the "installation" stage, completing the first resource persistent storage.

[0050] It should be noted that the first access requires networking operation, and the subsequent operation supports offline operation, that is, when the browser opens the URL again, the Service Worker intercepts the request, reads the tpms.html resource from the local cache preferentially, and does not need to initiate a network request, realizing millisecond-level page loading, after the page is loaded, the built-in JavaScript code automatically executes the parameter analysis process: Extract p (pressure), t (temperature) parameters from the query string of the current URL through the URLSearchParams API; Data restoration logic: The script logic automatically detects the scoring range. If the pressure value p > 100, it automatically divides the value by 100 to restore it to the bar unit. Parameter formatting: Compatible with two pressure parameter formats (direct decimal: p=2.5→2.50 Bar; magnified 100 times integer: p=250→2.50 Bar), temperature parameters are uniformly formatted to retain one decimal place in °C. Result rendering: The formatted pressure and temperature data are populated into the specified DOM element on the page and displayed in a prominent style (large bold); if parameters are missing or formatted incorrectly, the message "Parameter parsing failed" will be displayed automatically. Anomaly interception: If the read parameters are read incorrectly, formatted incorrectly, or the value exceeds the physical reasonable range (such as negative pressure), the front end will intercept the data display and render a "Data read failed" or "Please touch again" prompt to prevent the display of error monitoring results.

[0051] Example 4: like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a tire pressure monitoring data direct reading device based on passive NFC, including an NFC communication module, an energy management module, a main control module, and a sensing module, wherein the energy management module is connected to the NFC communication module, and the main control module is connected to the NFC communication module and the sensing module.

[0052] The device in this embodiment is applicable to American and French valves in the prior art. The device includes a valve tire pressure cap 1, a housing 2 installed at the end of the valve tire pressure cap 1, and a PCB board 3 disposed inside the housing 2. The PCB board 3 is sealed in the PCB board mounting cavity inside the housing 2 by a plastic cover 4. In this embodiment, the PCB board 3 is equipped with various electrical components required by the device, including an NFC tag chip (FM11RF08), an MCU, and a PMIC.

[0053] In this embodiment, the NFC communication module includes an NFC tag chip and a coil antenna. The coil antenna is a coil antenna 5 printed on the PCB in the prior art, located inside the housing 2 in an area far from the metal mounting interface, and connected to the NFC tag chip through an impedance matching circuit to improve the efficiency of radio frequency energy acquisition and communication stability. It should be noted that in this embodiment, a 10Ω current-limiting resistor is connected in series between the coil antenna 5 and the NFC tag chip (such as FM11RF08) to protect the chip from overcurrent damage under strong radio frequency fields.

[0054] In this embodiment, the sensing module adopts a factory-calibrated digital MEMS air pressure sensor 6, wherein an air pressure guide channel 8 is arranged inside the shell 2, and the digital MEMS air pressure sensor 6 is in air-tight connection with the air pressure guide channel 8 through a sealing gasket 7, so that the air pressure in the tire directly acts on the pressure sensing surface of the sensor, while the overall air tightness of the device is ensured. In this embodiment, the pressure sensing hole of the digital air pressure sensor (such as HPS700A) is coaxially pressed by a flexible rubber sealing ring and the base guide channel, and the shell 2 is welded by the upper cover and the base, so as to ensure that only the pressure sensing surface of the sensor contacts the high-pressure gas, and the rest of the pcb circuit board realizes electrical safety and air-tight isolation.

[0055] In this embodiment, the main control module adopts a domestic MCU with a static current of ≤1 μA, and its firmware is specially optimized to strictly control the whole process timing of wake-up after power-on, reading sensor, packaging data, and writing into NFC chip, so as to ensure that all operations are completed within a millisecond power supply window. Meanwhile, in this embodiment, MM32L0130 is adopted for protection of the main control module, and the reset pin (RESET) thereof is connected to the ground through a 10kΩ pull-down resistor, so as to ensure that the MCU maintains a determined reset state during unstable voltage startup, and prevents the main program from running away.

[0056] The energy management module includes a special power management chip (PMIC) connected after the rectified output of the NFC tag chip. A domestic synchronous rectification step-down converter with a starting voltage of ≤1.8V and a static current of microampere level is preferably adopted, which is used to efficiently convert the unstable rectified output into pure and stable 1.8V / 3.0V system voltage. The energy storage capacitor connected in parallel to the output end of the PMIC is used to provide a pulse current of up to tens of milliamperes at the moment of starting the sensor and MCU, so as to avoid voltage drop and reset caused by sudden load increase.

[0057] Embodiment Five On the basis of Embodiment Four, this embodiment provides a connection logic between modules of the passive NFC-based tire pressure monitoring data direct-reading device, which includes: The PCB printed coil antenna (50Ω impedance) is connected to the ANT1 and ANT2 pins of the FM11RF08 chip through a matching resistor, so as to ensure matching of the 13.56MHz radio frequency signal; The VDD and GND pins of the FM11RF08 chip are used for self-power supply (from the rectified energy), and the I²C_SDA and I²C_SCL pins are connected to the corresponding pins of the MCU to realize data interaction; The VDD_OUT pin (rectified output) of the FM11RF08 chip is connected to the VIN pin of the SGM6602 chip to supply power to the power management chip; The EN pin of the SGM6602 chip is connected to a high level enable, the FB pin sets the output voltage (1.8V / 3.0V) through a voltage dividing resistor, and the VOUT pin supplies power to the MCU and the sensor; The energy storage capacitor is connected in parallel between the VOUT pin and the GND pin of the SGM6602, to ensure the surge current during startup; The VDD and VSS pins of the MM32L0130 chip are connected to the VOUT pin and the GND pin of the SGM6602, to obtain stable power supply; The I²C_SDA and I²C_SCL pins of the MCU are connected to the corresponding pins of the FM11RF08 and the HPS700A, respectively, to realize data reading and writing through the I²C bus; The RESET pin of the MCU is externally connected to a pull-down resistor, to ensure stable reset during power-on; The VDD and GND pins of the HPS700A chip are connected to the VOUT pin and the GND pin of the SGM6602, to obtain power supply; The SDA and SCL pins of the sensor are connected to the I²C bus of the MCU, and the INT pin (interrupt output) can be selectively connected to the MCU GPIO pin (used for waking up the MCU, which is not enabled in this scheme, and the data is read by the MCU actively).

[0058] It should be noted that in this embodiment, 0.1 μF decoupling capacitors are connected in parallel to the power supply terminals of each module (close to the chip pins), to improve the stability of the power supply. At the same time, 10kΩ pull-up resistors are connected in parallel to both ends of the I²C bus to ensure the stability of the communication, and a 10Ω current limiting resistor is connected in series to the coil antenna matching circuit to protect the NFC tag chip.

[0059] Embodiment six The present embodiment provides a passive NFC-based tire pressure monitoring data direct reading system, comprising: At least one passive NFC tire pressure monitoring data direct reading device as described in embodiment four and at least one external intelligent terminal supporting NFC function, wherein the working process of the system is as follows: The external intelligent terminal is close to the tire valve of the passive NFC tire pressure monitoring device; The external intelligent terminal generates a radio frequency field to power the device and read the uniform resource identifier in the NFC storage area thereof; The external intelligent terminal operating system automatically identifies the uniform resource locator URL and triggers a system-level response; The system native resource parsing mechanism parses the query parameters of the uniform resource locator URL; The tire pressure monitoring data obtained by parsing is presented on the display interface of the external intelligent terminal.

[0060] It should be noted that in the present embodiment, whether the uniform resource identifier is parsed by a system browser, a system-level resource processing mechanism, or an equivalent native parsing manner, direct display of the tire pressure monitoring data can be achieved.

[0061] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art based on the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for direct reading of tire pressure monitoring data based on passive NFC, characterized in that, include: S1: When the tire pressure monitoring device enters the coverage area of ​​the radio frequency field generated by the external smart terminal, the power management chip inside the device will convert the unstable DC voltage into a constant operating voltage to power the device itself. S2: After the tire pressure monitoring device is powered on, it collects the tire pressure monitoring data of the tire corresponding to its installation location; S3: Encapsulate the collected tire pressure monitoring data into a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) containing query parameters and write it to the NFC storage area of ​​the tire pressure monitoring device; S4: The external smart terminal reads the data and, based on the protocol format of the URL, directly triggers the external smart terminal to call its system's web browser to parse and display the tire pressure monitoring data.

2. The method for direct reading of tire pressure monitoring data based on passive NFC according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collected tire pressure monitoring data is encapsulated into a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) containing query parameters, specifically including: The tire pressure monitoring device acquires the numerical value corresponding to the tire pressure monitoring data; Based on a pre-defined protocol format, a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) containing a query string is generated, wherein the string consists of parameter keys and parameter values ​​of the numerical values; The Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is configured to conform to the NDEF message log format to trigger notifications or automatic redirection functions of the external smart terminal.

3. The method for direct reading of tire pressure monitoring data based on passive NFC according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tire pressure monitoring device performs energy conversion, sensor activation, data acquisition, and URL write-back actions in sequence according to a preset working sequence, and the total cycle of the actions is controlled within 5 milliseconds.

4. The method for direct reading of tire pressure monitoring data based on passive NFC according to claim 3, characterized in that, The external smart terminal triggers network requests through a built-in script. When the network is unavailable, it retrieves pre-stored page resources from the local storage of the external smart terminal, parses and displays the query parameters in the Uniform Resource Locator (URL).

5. A tire pressure monitoring data direct reading device based on passive NFC, characterized in that it includes: The NFC communication module is used to receive radio frequency energy and realize data interaction; An energy management module, connected to the NFC communication module, is used to convert the radio frequency energy and supply power to the device; The sensing module is used to collect tire pressure monitoring data and output digital data; The main control module is connected to the NFC communication module, the energy management module, and the sensing module. It is used to control the sensing module to collect data, encapsulate the collected data into a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) containing query parameters, and write the generated URL into the NFC communication module.

6. A tire pressure monitoring data direct reading device based on passive NFC according to claim 5, characterized in that, The NFC communication module includes a coil antenna and an NFC tag chip disposed inside the device. The coil antenna is arranged in a region inside the housing away from the metal and is connected to the NFC tag chip.

7. A tire pressure monitoring data direct reading device based on passive NFC according to claim 6, characterized in that, The energy management module includes: Power management chip: Connected to the NFC tag chip, used to convert the unstable voltage after rectification by the NFC tag chip into a stable voltage; Energy storage capacitor: connected in parallel to the power management chip, it provides instantaneous current compensation during device startup and data writing.

8. A tire pressure monitoring data direct reading device based on passive NFC according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sensing module includes a factory-calibrated digital MEMS air pressure sensor, which is installed inside the device through a sealed structure and is airtightly installed in the air pressure guide channel inside the device, where tire air pressure data can be directly acquired.

9. A tire pressure monitoring data direct reading device based on passive NFC according to claim 8, characterized in that, After the device is powered on and reset, the main control module sequentially completes sensor configuration, data reading, Uniform Resource Locator (URL) generation, and NFC writing operations according to the instruction flow, without entering a waiting or sleep state during the process.

10. A tire pressure monitoring data direct reading system based on passive NFC, characterized in that, include: The tire pressure monitoring data direct reading device based on passive NFC as described in any one of claims 5 to 9; An external smart terminal with NFC functionality is used to read the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) in the device, automatically trigger the system's native web browser based on the system's basic services, parse the query parameters in the URL, and display the tire pressure monitoring data.

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