Cold-resistant stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature starting characteristic and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water-soluble fertilizers, and particularly discloses a cold-resistant stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer with a low-temperature starting characteristic and a preparation method thereof.The cold-resistant stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer is prepared from, by weight, 30-40 parts of potassium sulfate, 40-50 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10-12 parts of ammonium nitrate, 2-5 parts of microelements, 20-25 parts of absorption-promoting organic acid, 8-10 parts of amino acid, 5-10 parts of alginic acid and 3-5 parts of fatty acid. And 20 to 25 parts of a hesperidin extract. The potassium sulfate, the monoammonium phosphate, the ammonium nitrate, the trace elements, the absorption-promoting organic acid, the amino acid, the alginic acid, the fatty acid and the hesperidin extract are compounded in proportion, so that the activity of a plant root system is improved, the flowability of a cell membrane is improved, and the cell damage and nutrient absorption capability are reduced; therefore, the absorption of crops to the water-soluble fertilizer at low temperature is finally promoted, and the absorption of the crops to phosphorus and potassium at low temperature can be realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water-soluble fertilizer, in particular to a cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature starting characteristics and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Water-soluble fertilizer is a kind of fertilizer that can be quickly dissolved in water, and has excellent fertilizer release characteristics and applicability. Compared with traditional solid fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer can supply plants with the required nutrients in a short time, promote the growth and development of root systems. In addition, the adjustability of water-soluble fertilizer makes it easier to mix with other plant growth regulators, etc., so as to achieve targeted improvement effect.

[0003] In early spring or winter planting, the ground temperature is low. At this time, the root system of the crop has a decrease in membrane fluidity, and the absorption channel of phosphorus and potassium is almost closed. The ordinary water-soluble fertilizer applied cannot be well absorbed, but causes soil accumulation and toxicity. In order to promote root growth, farmers usually use a large amount of hormones. The hormone metabolism is slow at low temperature, and it is easy to accumulate in the plant body. Once the temperature rises, the crop grows too fast, and the resistance to cold is worse.

[0004] In order to avoid the use of hormones, the prior art usually uses cold-resistant and stress-resistant water-soluble fertilizer. The existing cold-resistant and stress-resistant water-soluble fertilizer mostly uses the mechanism of activating the activity of enzymes in the plant body under low temperature conditions to improve the physiological metabolism to promote the absorption of water-soluble fertilizer by the root system of the crop. For example: CN109574754A-anti-cold water-soluble fertilizer and its preparation method; CN107285919-a multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer and its application. CN109574754A uses low-temperature exogenous composition to enhance the activity of protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, thereby significantly improving the cold resistance of crops; CN107285919 improves the activity of enzymes related to sucrose metabolism by adding sucrose phosphate potassium salt.

[0005] However, under low-temperature stress, plant cells are prone to damage, and the fluidity of the cell membrane also decreases, which is also a factor affecting the absorption of nutrients in water-soluble fertilizer by plants. Merely activating the activity of enzymes in the plant body to improve the absorption effect has limited effect under low-temperature stress. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature starting characteristics and a preparation method thereof to promote the absorption of water-soluble fertilizer by crops under low temperature.

[0007] The present application is realized by the following technical scheme: The cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature starting characteristics comprises the following components by weight: Potassium sulfate 30-40 parts, monoammonium phosphate 40-50 parts, ammonium nitrate 10-12 parts, trace elements 2-5 parts, absorption-promoting organic acid 20-25 parts, amino acid 8-10 parts, alginic acid 5-10 parts, fatty acid 3-5 parts, hesperidin extract 20-25 parts.

[0008] The present application considers a low-temperature (0-5 DEG C) stress environment, adopts monoammonium phosphate as a phosphorus fertilizer and potassium sulfate as a potassium fertilizer under low temperature, and the monoammonium phosphate can also provide a nitrogen source, and together with ammonium nitrate, provides a nitrogen source for crops, so that a nitrogen fertilizer with weak low-temperature resistance is added with a small amount to meet the nitrogen element requirement.

[0009] The added trace elements improve the activity of plant roots and promote water-soluble fertilizer absorption to a certain extent; the added alginic acid can activate the activity of crop internal enzymes under low-temperature conditions, improve the physiological metabolism capacity, and promote the absorption of nutrients in water-soluble fertilizer by crop roots; that is, the alginic acid and the trace elements in the present application synergistically improve the absorption of nutrients in water-soluble fertilizer by roots under low-temperature conditions to a certain extent.

[0010] The added absorption-promoting organic acid can complex phosphorus and potassium, promote the absorption of phosphorus and potassium by plant roots under low temperature, improve the effect of low-temperature fertilization, the added amino acid can accelerate the absorption of nutrients by plants, and the amino acid and the absorption-promoting organic acid have a synergistic effect; and the absorption of phosphorus and potassium by plant roots and the absorption of other elements are jointly promoted.

[0011] The added fatty acid can improve the fluidity of the cell membrane and promote the absorption of water-soluble fertilizer by plant roots under low temperature.

[0012] The added hesperidin extract can reduce the damage of low temperature to cells, increase the stress resistance of plants, and be beneficial to the absorption of phosphorus and potassium by plants under low temperature.

[0013] In summary, the present application comprehensively improves the activity of plant roots, the fluidity of the cell membrane, the damage of cells and the nutrient absorption capacity in multiple aspects to ultimately promote the absorption of water-soluble fertilizer by crops under low temperature and solve the problem that phosphorus and potassium cannot be well absorbed under low temperature.

[0014] In a preferred mode, it further comprises 5-8 parts of resveratrol.

[0015] By adding resveratrol, the present application can further reduce the damage of low temperature to cells, and the resveratrol and the hesperidin extract synergistically improve the low-temperature damage resistance of crops.

[0016] In a preferred mode, it further comprises 8-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0017] The added potassium dihydrogen phosphate has low-temperature stress resistance, can improve the cold resistance and stress resistance effect of water-soluble fertilizer, and can provide phosphorus and potassium for crops and is more beneficial to the absorption of phosphorus and potassium at low temperature.

[0018] Specifically, the preparation process of the hesperidin extract is as follows: S1, washing, airing, and grinding the orange peel in sequence to obtain orange peel powder; S2, water extraction at room temperature for 1-2 days, and adding plant enzymes and surfactants during the extraction process; S3, filtering to obtain a filtrate containing hesperidin; S4, sequentially concentrating and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain the hesperidin extract.

[0019] The plant enzymes and surfactants are added during the extraction process, which can promote the dissolution of effective components in the orange peel and improve the effect of promoting the absorption of nutrient elements of the hesperidin extract added in the water-soluble fertilizer.

[0020] In a preferred mode, the plant enzymes at least include cellulase, which is beneficial to improving the wall breaking effect and improving the dissolution.

[0021] In a preferred mode, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate and lecithin; and the weight ratio of sodium dodecyl sulfate to lecithin is (2-3):1.

[0022] The above-mentioned combination of surfactants can effectively improve the dissolution of effective components in the orange peel, and compared with other surfactants, the prepared hesperidin extract has better effect when applied to the water-soluble fertilizer.

[0023] In a preferred mode, in step S2, the amount of surfactant is 1.2%-1.5% based on the weight of the orange peel powder; and the amount of plant enzymes is 0.5%-1.0%.

[0024] In a preferred mode, in step S2, during the extraction process, ultrasonic stirring is performed for 10-15 minutes every 2-3 hours.

[0025] The ultrasonic stirring during the extraction process can further improve the dissolution of effective components in the orange peel, so that the prepared hesperidin extract has better effect when applied to the water-soluble fertilizer. In a preferred mode, in step S2, the volume ratio of orange peel powder to water is 1:8-12.

[0026] In a preferred mode, the absorption-promoting organic acid is a mixture of humic acid, citric acid, and malic acid in a mass ratio of 10:(2-5):(1-2).

[0027] The role of the absorption-promoting organic acid in the application is to complex phosphorus and potassium, and can promote the absorption of phosphorus and potassium by plant roots at low temperature. The experiment proves that the absorption of phosphorus and potassium by plant roots at low temperature is better when humic acid, citric acid and malic acid are compounded in proportion. The humic acid is an absorption-promoting organic acid containing carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups, and has strong ion exchange capacity and complexing capacity. The citric acid is an absorption-promoting organic acid containing carboxyl groups, and has a smaller molecular weight than the humic acid. The citric acid can quickly form a complex with potassium and phosphorus due to its small molecular characteristics, while the humic acid can effectively alleviate the fixation of potassium and phosphorus in the soil by combining with potassium and phosphorus ions through its complex structure. The complexing of potassium and phosphorus by the humic acid has durability. The application combines the humic acid and the citric acid to promote the absorption of potassium and phosphorus by crops at low temperature in the short term and the long term. The experiment proves that the addition of a certain amount of malic acid can promote the complexing of potassium and phosphorus by the humic acid and the citric acid, and further improve the absorption of phosphorus and potassium by crops at low temperature.

[0028] In a preferred mode, the mass ratio of the humic acid, the citric acid and the malic acid is 10:3:2.

[0029] In a preferred mode, the trace elements at least include one of EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Fe and EDTA-Mo.

[0030] In a preferred mode, the amino acids at least include one of glutamic acid and proline.

[0031] In a preferred mode, the fatty acids are composed of oleic acid and linseed oil, and the mass ratio of the oleic acid and the linseed oil is 10: (1-1.5).

[0032] The application uses the oleic acid and the linseed oil to be compounded in a certain mass ratio as the fatty acids to improve the fluidity of cells and promote the absorption of nutrient elements in the water-soluble fertilizer at low temperature. Compared with the use of the oleic acid alone, the use of the oleic acid and the linseed oil has better promotion effect. The application considers that the cost of the linseed oil is relatively high, and comprehensively considers the effect and the cost to set the mass ratio of the oleic acid and the linseed oil as 10: (1-1.5).

[0033] A preparation method of a cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature starting characteristics, comprising the following steps: Step 1), preparing an orange skin glycoside extract in powder form; Step 2), preliminarily mixing potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, absorption-promoting organic acid and the orange skin glycoside extract in proportion; Step 3), adding trace elements, amino acids and alginic acid into the mixture obtained in step 2) and mixing uniformly; Step 4), adding fatty acids into the mixture obtained in step 3) under stirring and mixing uniformly.

[0034] The application of the cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature starting characteristics in crop fertilization at 0-5 DEG C. The crops of the application mainly include strawberry, spinach and other fruit and vegetable plants with relatively thin rhizomes and relatively large leaves.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The application improves the activity of plant root systems, the fluidity of cell membranes, reduces cell damage and nutrient absorption capacity, and ultimately promotes the absorption of water-soluble fertilizer by crops at low temperatures, and can realize the absorption of phosphorus and potassium by crops at low temperatures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, further detailed description will be made to the present application in combination with embodiments, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are only used to explain the present application, and are not used as the limitation of the present application, the following described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0037] In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the specific details need not be used to practice the present application. In other embodiments, in order to avoid obscuring the present application, well-known structures, materials or methods are not specifically described. The materials, instruments and reagents used in the following embodiments, etc. can be obtained from commercial channels if not specifically stated. The technical means used in the embodiments, if not specifically stated, are conventional means known to those skilled in the art.

[0038] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only used for description purpose, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more than two, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0039] Embodiment: In order to promote the absorption of water-soluble fertilizer nutrients by fruit and vegetable plants with relatively thin rhizomes and relatively large leaves such as strawberries and spinach at low temperatures (0-5℃), solve the problem that phosphorus and potassium in water-soluble fertilizer cannot be well absorbed by crops at low temperatures, and provide a cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature starting characteristics, the embodiment comprises the following components by weight: Potassium sulfate 30-40 parts, monoammonium phosphate 40-50 parts, ammonium nitrate 10-12 parts, trace elements 2-5 parts, absorption-promoting organic acid 20-25 parts, amino acid 8-10 parts, alginic acid 5-10 parts, fatty acid 3-5 parts, and hesperidin extract 20-25 parts. Among them, potassium sulfate as a potassium fertilizer has good low-temperature applicability, monoammonium phosphate as a phosphorus fertilizer has good low-temperature applicability, and monoammonium phosphate can also provide a nitrogen source to reduce the use of ammonium nitrate. Alginic acid and trace elements work together to improve the low-temperature activity of crops and to a certain extent improve the absorption of nutrients in water-soluble fertilizer by the root system in a low-temperature environment. Absorption-promoting organic acid is used to promote the absorption of potassium and phosphorus at low temperatures, and amino acid is used to accelerate the absorption of nutrients in water-soluble fertilizer by crops at low temperatures. Fatty acid is used to improve the fluidity of the cell membrane of crops and promote the absorption of water-soluble fertilizer by the root system of plants at low temperatures. Hesperidin extract can reduce the damage of low temperature to cells, increase the stress resistance of plants, and facilitate the absorption of phosphorus and potassium by plants at low temperatures. Therefore, the cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer of the embodiment has low-temperature starting characteristics, can resist cold and stress, and realizes the absorption of nutrients in water-soluble fertilizer by crops at low temperatures.

[0040] The preparation process of the hesperidin extract is as follows: S1. Wash, dry, and grind the orange peel to obtain orange peel powder; S2. Soak for 1-2 days at room temperature by water extraction, with a volume ratio of orange peel powder to water of 1:8-12. Plant enzymes and surfactants are added during the soaking process; the plant enzymes are cellulase; the surfactants are sodium dodecyl sulfate and lecithin; the weight ratio of sodium dodecyl sulfate to lecithin is (2-3):1. The amount of surfactants is 1.2%-1.5% based on the weight of orange peel powder; the amount of plant enzymes is 0.5%-1.0%. Preferably, during the soaking process, ultrasonic stirring is performed every 2-3 hours for 10-15 minutes; S3. Filter to obtain a filtrate containing hesperidin; S4. Concentrate and freeze-dry the filtrate to obtain hesperidin extract.

[0041] The absorption-promoting organic acid is a mixture of humic acid, citric acid, and malic acid in a mass ratio of 10:(2-5):(1-2).

[0042] Preferably, the mass ratio of humic acid, citric acid, and malic acid is 10:3:2.

[0043] The trace elements at least include one of EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Fe and EDTA-Mo.

[0044] The amino acids at least include one of glutamic acid and proline.

[0045] The fatty acids are composed of oleic acid and flaxseed oil; the mass ratio of the oleic acid to the flaxseed oil is 10: (1-1.5).

[0046] Preferably, the cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer further includes 5-8 parts of resveratrol. The resveratrol has a synergistic effect with the hesperidin extract.

[0047] Preferably, the cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer further includes 8-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The potassium dihydrogen phosphate has a low-temperature stress resistance. By adding the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the absorption of phosphorus and potassium in the water-soluble fertilizer by crops can be further improved.

[0048] The preparation method of the cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer of the embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1), preparing the hesperidin extract in powder form; Step 2), preliminarily mixing the potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, the absorption-promoting organic acid and the hesperidin extract according to the proportions; Step 3), uniformly mixing the trace elements, the amino acids and the alginic acid in the mixture obtained in Step 2); Step 4), uniformly mixing the fatty acids in the mixture obtained in Step 3) under stirring.

[0049] The cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer of the embodiment has a low-temperature starting property, has a cold-resistant and stress-resistant property, and can be applied to crop fertilization at 0-5℃. It is especially suitable for fruit and vegetable plants with relatively thin roots and stems and relatively large leaves, such as strawberries and spinach.

[0050] In order to better illustrate the application effect of the cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer of the embodiment, the following specific cases are used for illustration: Embodiment 1: A cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer with a low-temperature starting property is composed of the following components by weight: 40 parts of potassium sulfate, 50 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5 parts of trace elements, 25 parts of absorption-promoting organic acid, 10 parts of amino acid, 10 parts of alginic acid, 5 parts of fatty acid and 25 parts of hesperidin extract.

[0051] The trace elements are a mixture of EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Fe and EDTA-Mo in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; The absorption-promoting organic acid is a mixture of humic acid, citric acid and malic acid in a mass ratio of 10:3:2. The amino acid is a mixture of glutamic acid and proline in a mass ratio of 1:1. The fatty acid is a mixture of oleic acid and linseed oil in a mass ratio of 10:1.

[0052] The specific preparation process of the hesperidin extract is as follows: S1, wash, dry and grind the orange peel to obtain orange peel powder; S2, immerse at room temperature (25°C) for 2 days by water extraction, and the volume ratio of orange peel powder to water is 1:10. Plant enzymes and surfactants are added during the immersion process; the plant enzymes are cellulase; the surfactants are sodium dodecyl sulfate and lecithin; the weight ratio of sodium dodecyl sulfate to lecithin is 2.5:1. The amount of surfactant is 1.5% based on the weight of orange peel powder; the amount of plant enzyme is 1.0%. During the immersion process, ultrasonic stirring is performed every 2.5 hours for 12 minutes; S3, filter to obtain a filtrate containing hesperidin; S4, concentrate and freeze-dry the filtrate to obtain a hesperidin extract.

[0053] The cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer is prepared according to the preparation method of the above embodiment.

[0054] Example 2 This embodiment is based on Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that the amounts of the components are different, specifically as follows: A cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature starting characteristics, which is composed of the following components by weight: Potassium sulfate 30 parts, monoammonium phosphate 40 parts, ammonium nitrate 12 parts, trace elements 2 parts, absorption-promoting organic acid 20 parts, amino acid 8 parts, alginic acid 5 parts, fatty acid 3 parts, and hesperidin extract 20 parts.

[0055] Example 3 This embodiment is based on Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that the amounts of the components are different, specifically as follows: A cold-resistant and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature starting characteristics, which is composed of the following components by weight: Potassium sulfate 30 parts, monoammonium phosphate 40 parts, ammonium nitrate 12 parts, trace elements 5 parts, absorption-promoting organic acid 22 parts, amino acid 8 parts, alginic acid 8 parts, fatty acid 4 parts, and hesperidin extract 20 parts.

[0056] Example 4 This embodiment is based on Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that the formula also contains 8 parts of resveratrol.

[0057] Example 5: This example is based on Example 3, and the difference between Example 5 and Example 3 is that the formula further contains 5 parts of resveratrol.

[0058] Example 6: This example is based on Example 3, and the difference between Example 6 and Example 3 is that the formula further contains 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0059] Example 7: This example is based on Example 5, and the difference between Example 7 and Example 5 is that the formula further contains 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0060] Example 8: This example is based on Example 1, and the difference between Example 8 and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of humic acid, citric acid and malic acid in the absorption-promoting organic acid is different, specifically: The absorption-promoting organic acid is a mixture of humic acid, citric acid and malic acid in a mass ratio of 10:5:1.

[0061] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example is based on Example 1, and the difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the formula does not contain absorption-promoting organic acid.

[0062] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example is based on Example 1, and the difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the absorption-promoting organic acid in the formula is humic acid, i.e. the citric acid and malic acid in the example are replaced with an equal amount of humic acid.

[0063] Comparative Example 3: This comparative example is based on Example 1, and the difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that the absorption-promoting organic acid in the formula is a mixture of humic acid and citric acid in a mass ratio of 10:3, i.e. the absorption-promoting organic acid in this comparative example does not contain malic acid.

[0064] Comparative Example 4: This comparative example is based on Example 1, and the difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that the absorption-promoting organic acid in the formula is a mixture of humic acid and malic acid in a mass ratio of 10:2, i.e. the absorption-promoting organic acid in this comparative example does not contain citric acid.

[0065] Comparative Example 5: This comparative example is based on Example 1, and the difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that the formula does not contain hesperidin extract.

[0066] Comparative Example 6: This comparative example is based on Example 1, and the difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 1 is that the formula does not contain trace elements and alginic acid.

[0067] Comparative Example 7: The comparative example is based on Example 1, and the difference between Example 1 and the comparative example is that the formula does not contain alginic acid.

[0068] Comparative Example 8: The comparative example is based on Example 1, and the difference between Example 1 and the comparative example is that the formula does not contain alginic acid.

[0069] Comparative Example 9: The comparative example is based on Example 1, and the difference between Example 1 and the comparative example is that the formula does not contain alginic acid.

[0070] Comparative Example 10: The comparative example is based on Example 1, and the difference between Example 1 and the comparative example is that the formula does not contain alginic acid.

[0071] Comparative Example 11: The comparative example is based on Example 1, and the difference between Example 1 and the comparative example is that the formula does not contain alginic acid.

[0072] Winter strawberries from the same experimental base were used as test crops. The strawberries were cultivated in single rows on single ridges with a row spacing of 40 cm and a plant spacing of 20 cm. The environmental temperature of the experimental base was controlled at 0-3°C. The cold- and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-11 were each diluted with water at a dilution ratio of 400 times. The diluted fertilizers were applied to the strawberries every 10 days from the seedling stage (the vegetative growth stage before planting to flower bud differentiation). The first application was 3 days after the strawberries were planted. A total of 3 applications were made. Each group of 10 strawberry plants was treated with the same cold- and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer applied and the application time were synchronized for each group. The growth and development of the strawberries were observed 10 days after the third application. The blank control group was treated with water instead of fertilizer. The observation data are shown in Table 1. Table 1 As shown in Table 1, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) The cold- and stress-resistant rooting water-soluble fertilizers prepared according to the formulations of Examples 1-8 were applied to the strawberry seedling stage and the growth stage. The roots, stems, and leaves of the strawberries were in good condition and showed no abnormalities.

[0073] 2) When the formula does not contain the absorption-promoting organic acid, the appearance of the roots, stems and leaves of the strawberries is abnormal, especially the leaves, which show obvious signs of K and P deficiency, indicating that if the water-soluble fertilizer does not contain the absorption-promoting organic acid, the absorption of K and P in the water-soluble fertilizer by the strawberries at low temperature is limited; when the absorption-promoting organic acid does not use the combination of humic acid, citric acid and malic acid, the absorption of K and P in the water-soluble fertilizer by the strawberries is not as good as that of the absorption-promoting organic acid prepared by combining humic acid, citric acid and malic acid.

[0074] 3) When the formula does not contain hesperidin extract, the appearance of the roots, stems and leaves of the strawberries is abnormal, especially the leaves and roots, which show obvious signs of K and P deficiency, and the roots show signs of cell freezing injury such as blackening and bubbling, indicating that the addition of hesperidin extract to the water-soluble fertilizer can improve the cold resistance and frost resistance of strawberries at low temperature, reduce cell damage at low temperature, and thus improve the absorption and utilization of nutrients in the water-soluble fertilizer by the strawberries at low temperature.

[0075] 4) When any one of the trace elements, alginic acid or fatty acid is not contained in the formula, the appearance of the roots, stems and leaves of the strawberries is slightly abnormal, and the absence of both trace elements and alginic acid makes the abnormality more obvious than the absence of alginic acid alone, indicating that trace elements and alginic acid have a synergistic effect.

[0076] 5) The combination of oleic acid and linseed oil added to the water-soluble fertilizer has a better effect than the addition of oleic acid alone as a fatty acid, indicating that oleic acid and linseed oil have a synergistic effect.

[0077] 6) The preparation method of hesperidin extract affects the fertilizer efficiency of the same amount of hesperidin extract, and the effect of adding a surfactant and a plant enzyme during extraction is better than that of adding a plant enzyme alone, and the combination of sodium dodecyl sulfate and lecithin as a surfactant is better.

[0078] The weights of the various parts of the strawberries are shown in Table 2: Table 2 Note: The longest root length refers to selecting the longest root system from 10 strawberry plants, and then averaging the 10 longest root systems; The root fresh weight refers to the average root fresh weight of 10 strawberry plants; the same applies to leaf and stem fresh weights; The leaf discoloration rate t = n / N*100%, where n is the total number of discolored leaves in 10 strawberry plants; N is the total number of leaves; the leaf deformation rate is calculated in the same way.

[0079] As shown in Table 2: 1) Compared with Example 1 and Example 2, the trace elements in Example 1 are relatively more in the phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, the alginic acid is relatively more in the phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, the fatty acid is relatively more in the phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer; the absorption-promoting organic acid is relatively less in the phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, the hesperidin extract is relatively less in the phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer; the amino acid is equivalent in the phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.

[0080] 2) Compared with Example 1 and Example 3, the trace elements, absorption-promoting organic acid, fatty acid and hesperidin extract in Example 1 are relatively more in the phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, the amino acid and alginic acid are equivalent in the phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, so the fertilizer efficiency of Example 3 is relatively better.

[0081] 3) Adding resveratrol or potassium dihydrogen phosphate alone can improve the fertilizer efficiency of water-soluble fertilizer, and the effect of adding resveratrol and potassium dihydrogen phosphate together is better.

[0082] 4) The mass ratio of humic acid, citric acid and malic acid in the absorption-promoting organic acid has a certain influence on the fertilizer efficiency of water-soluble fertilizer.

[0083] 5) When the formula does not contain absorption-promoting organic acid, the leaf discoloration rate and leaf deformation rate of strawberries are relatively high, and the appearance of K and P deficiency is obvious, and the weight of each part of strawberries is also significantly reduced; it shows that if the water-soluble fertilizer does not add absorption-promoting organic acid, the absorption of K and P in water-soluble fertilizer by strawberries at low temperature is limited; when the absorption-promoting organic acid is used alone or two kinds of humic acid, citric acid and malic acid are compounded, the leaf discoloration rate and leaf deformation rate of strawberries are improved compared with not adding absorption-promoting organic acid, and the weight of each part of strawberries is increased compared with not adding absorption-promoting organic acid, but the effect is not as good as the combination of humic acid, citric acid and malic acid.

[0084] 6) When the formula does not contain hesperidin extract, the leaf discoloration rate and leaf deformation rate of strawberries are relatively high, and the appearance of K and P deficiency is obvious, and the weight of each part of strawberries is also significantly reduced, which is lower than that without adding absorption-promoting organic acid, which shows that both hesperidin extract and absorption-promoting organic acid have a great influence on the absorption of phosphorus and potassium in water-soluble fertilizer by strawberries at low temperature, and the reason may be that hesperidin extract can reduce the low-temperature damage of strawberries.

[0085] 7) Whether the water-soluble fertilizer contains trace elements, alginic acid, fatty acid and the composition of fatty acid all have an influence on the fertilizer efficiency of water-soluble fertilizer.

[0086] 8) The preparation process of hesperidin extract has an influence on the fertilizer efficiency of water-soluble fertilizer, especially on the leaf discoloration rate and leaf deformation rate.

[0087] The above detailed description of the application is only a specific embodiment of the application, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the application shall be included in the protection scope of the application.

[0088] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification, to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the application, so they do not have technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the application, shall still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the application. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and the like in the specification are only for the convenience of clear description, and are not used to limit the implementation scope of the application. The change or adjustment of the relative relationship, without substantially changing the technical content, is also considered as the implementation scope of the application.

Claims

1. A cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature start-up characteristics, characterized in that: Includes the following components by weight: Potassium sulfate 30-40 parts, monoammonium phosphate 40-50 parts, ammonium nitrate 10-12 parts, trace elements 2-5 parts, absorption-promoting organic acids 20-25 parts, amino acids 8-10 parts, alginic acid 5-10 parts, fatty acids 3-5 parts, hesperidin extract 20-25 parts.

2. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature start-up characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes 5-8 parts of resveratrol.

3. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature start-up characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes 8-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

4. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature start-up characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of the hesperidin extract is as follows: S1. Wash, dry, and grind the orange peels in sequence to obtain orange peel powder; S2. Use water extraction at room temperature for 1-2 days, adding plant enzymes and surfactants during the extraction process; S3. Filter to obtain a filtrate containing hesperidin; S4. The filtrate is concentrated and freeze-dried sequentially to obtain hesperidin extract.

5. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature start-up characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, the plant enzyme includes at least cellulase.

6. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature start-up characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate and lecithin; the weight ratio of sodium dodecyl sulfate to lecithin is (2-3):

1.

7. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature start-up characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, the amount of surfactant used is 1.2%-1.5% based on the weight of the orange peel powder; the amount of plant enzyme used is 0.5%-1.0%.

8. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature start-up characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, during the extraction process, ultrasonic stirring is performed for 10-15 minutes every 2-3 hours.

9. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature start-up characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, the volume ratio of orange peel powder to water is 1:8-12.

10. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature start-up characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The absorption-promoting organic acid is a mixture of humic acid, citric acid and malic acid in a mass ratio of 10:(2-5):(1-2).

11. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature start-up characteristics according to claim 10, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the humic acid, the citric acid, and the malic acid is 10:3:

2.

12. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature initiation characteristics according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The trace elements include at least one of EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Fe, and EDTA-Mo.

13. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature initiation characteristics according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The amino acid includes at least one of glutamic acid and proline.

14. The cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer with low-temperature initiation characteristics according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The fatty acid is composed of oleic acid and linseed oil; the mass ratio of oleic acid to linseed oil is 10:(1-1.5).

15. The method for preparing the cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1) Prepare the hesperidin extract in powder form; Step 2) Initially mix the potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, absorption-promoting organic acid, and hesperidin extract in a certain proportion; Step 3) Add the trace elements, the amino acids and the alginic acid to the mixture obtained in Step 2) and mix thoroughly; Step 4) Add the fatty acid dropwise to the mixture obtained in Step 3) while stirring and mix thoroughly.

16. The application of the cold-resistant, stress-resistant, and root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer as described in any one of claims 1-14 in crop fertilization at 0-5℃.

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