Anti-freezing method for concrete faced rockfill dam in cold region

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-freezing method for a concrete faced rockfill dam in a cold region. The anti-freezing method comprises the steps that multiple pairs of guide rails are laid on an upstream panel at equal intervals; a prefabricated sliding support is utilized, and walking wheels are installed at the bottom of the sliding support; the turbulent flow pump is fixedly mounted in the middle of the sliding bracket; a winch type elevator and a control box are installed, a steel wire rope of the winch type elevator is bound with the sliding support, and the sliding support is hung on the guide rail of the upstream panel; fourthly, a water level gauge is installed, water level information is obtained through the water level gauge, and the controller controls the winch type elevator to be started so that a water outlet of the water outlet pipe can be located below the water surface. The multiple turbulent flow pumps are installed in front of the dam, due to the fact that the turbulent flow pumps are vertically installed, the water outlet direction of the turbulent flow pumps is vertically upward, then water flow disturbance is formed in front of the dam, the formation condition of a water surface ice layer in front of the dam is broken, icing is avoided, and then a panel of the concrete faced rockfill dam is protected; the sliding support is pulled through the winch type elevator, the height of the turbulent flow pump is adjusted according to the height of the water level, and water level changes can be adapted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of anti-freezing of face rockfill dam, in particular to an anti-freezing method for face rockfill dam in cold region. BACKGROUND

[0002] In water conservancy projects in cold regions (especially in alpine regions), in order to prevent the face of the face rockfill dam from being frozen and damaged due to low temperature, an elastic polyurethane material is usually brushed on the water level fluctuation area of the face to enhance the frost resistance and durability of the face. However, it is found in actual projects that the anti-freezing scheme has the following disadvantages: first, brushing the elastic polyurethane material on the surface of the face cannot prevent the formation of ice layer, and the static ice pressure threat still exists; second, the coating material is particularly prone to aging under harsh environmental conditions, and usually fails after 3-5 years of dam operation; third, the construction is greatly affected by the environment, and there is a certain risk of environmental pollution. Therefore, some people have proposed mechanical ice breaking method and air disturbance method, but the mechanical ice breaking efficiency is low, and a large amount of manpower and mechanical equipment need to be invested, the operation intensity is large, and the cost is very high; the air disturbance method needs to install a gas supply pipeline with an aeration hole, the gas supply pipeline is easy to be frozen in cold regions, and the underwater aeration hole is easy to be blocked due to attachment of aquatic organisms and sediment accumulation, so the maintenance difficulty is large. Therefore, it is urgent to design a dam front anti-freezing scheme which can adapt to the change of water level in front of the dam and has reliable anti-freezing effect to solve the problems in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides an anti-freezing method for face rockfill dam in cold region.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: The anti-freezing method for face rockfill dam in cold region comprises the following steps: Firstly, a plurality of pairs of guide rails are laid on the upstream face at equal intervals; Secondly, a plurality of sliding supports with the same structure are prefabricated from I-beams, the sliding supports are horizontal frame structures, the bottom of each sliding support is provided with walking wheels, the wheel spacing of each pair of walking wheels matches the spacing of each pair of guide rails, a turbulence pump is fixedly installed at the middle of each sliding support, and a water outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet of the turbulence pump; Thirdly, a plurality of winch hoists and control boxes are installed at intervals on the outer side of the wave wall of the face rockfill dam, the steel wire rope of each winch hoist is tied together with a sliding support, the sliding support is hung on the guide rail of the upstream face, the sliding support is parallel to the upstream face, and the water outlet of the turbulence pump is vertically arranged relative to the reservoir bottom plate; the winch hoist and the turbulence pump are connected to the control output end of the controller in the control box through cables. Fourthly, install the water level meter above the bottom plate of the reservoir or the highest water level, connect the signal output end of the water level meter with the signal output end of the controller through a cable, obtain the water level information by the water level meter, and control the winch hoist to start the rope winding or unwinding so that the water outlet of the water outlet pipe of the turbulence pump is located below the water surface by 50±10 cm.

[0005] The beneficial effects are that the dam front is installed with multiple turbulence pumps below the water surface at equal intervals, the turbulence pumps are vertically installed, the water outlet direction is vertically upward, the water flow disturbance is formed in front of the dam, the ice layer forming condition of the water surface in front of the dam is broken, the ice formation is avoided, and the face slab of the face slab rockfill dam is protected; in addition, each turbulence pump is installed on the sliding support pulled by the winch hoist, the height of the turbulence pump can be adjusted according to the water level height, the water level change can be adapted, and the ice formation is avoided as much as possible; the turbulence pump is located below the water surface at a certain height, the disturbance range of each turbulence pump can be ensured, the disturbance ranges formed by the multiple turbulence pumps cover the water area in front of the dam, and the ice formation is avoided.

[0006] The water level meter is installed in the water area in front of the dam, the water surface height information can be monitored, when the water level changes, the controller drives the motor of the winch hoist through the motor driver to work, the height of the turbulence pump is flexibly adjusted, the water surface disturbance requirement is met, and the ice formation in the water area in front of the dam is avoided.

[0007] Preferably, the water level meter is an ultrasonic water level meter, a radar water level meter or a pressure type water level meter. In actual installation, the radar water level meter is installed above the highest water level, if the ultrasonic water level meter adopts the air medium type, it is installed above the highest water level, if the ultrasonic water level meter adopts the liquid medium type, it is installed below the water surface, and if the pressure type water level meter is adopted, it is installed below the water surface.

[0008] Preferably, the lower end of the guide rail is provided with a limiting baffle which is perpendicular to the lower end and is welded to the lower end.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the dam front is installed with multiple turbulence pumps below the water surface at equal intervals, the turbulence pumps are vertically installed, the water outlet direction is vertically upward, the water flow disturbance is formed in front of the dam, the ice layer forming condition of the water surface in front of the dam is broken, the ice formation is avoided, and the face slab of the face slab rockfill dam is protected; in addition, each turbulence pump is installed on the sliding support pulled by the winch hoist, the height of the turbulence pump can be adjusted according to the water level height, the water level change can be adapted, and the ice formation is avoided as much as possible; the turbulence pump is located below the water surface at a certain height, the disturbance range of each turbulence pump can be ensured, the disturbance ranges formed by the multiple turbulence pumps cover the water area in front of the dam, and the ice formation is avoided.

[0010] The dam front water area is provided with a water level gauge, and the water surface height information can be monitored; when the water level changes, the controller drives the motor of the hoist type lifting machine through the motor driver to work, so that the height of the turbulence pump is flexibly adjusted to meet the water surface disturbance requirement and avoid the ice formation in the dam front water area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 is the position diagram of the turbulence pump at the highest water level and the lowest water level in the application.

[0012] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the left view (the layout diagram of the turbulence pump on the upstream panel).

[0013] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the sliding support in the application.

[0014] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the top view.

[0015] Figure 5 is the installation schematic diagram of the turbulence pump on the sliding support.

[0016] Figure 6 is the installation schematic diagram of the hoist type lifting machine on the outside of the wave protection wall.

[0017] Figure 7 is the circuit principle block diagram of the controller, the water level gauge, the hoist type lifting machine and the turbulence pump in the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiments of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the application, and the detailed implementation mode and specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the application is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0019] The application provides a freeze-proof method for a face rockfill dam in a cold region, which comprises the following steps: Firstly, a plurality of pairs of guide rails 203 are laid on the upstream panel 100, and a limiting baffle 206 perpendicular to the guide rail 203 is welded at the lower end of the guide rail 203; wherein the guide rail 203 is laid from top to bottom, and the guide rail 203 should be firmly fixed on the upstream panel 100 to ensure that it can bear the combined force of the sliding support 201, the turbulence pump 202 and the water flow, and ensure the smooth movement of the sliding support 201 and the flexible adjustment of the height of the turbulence pump 202; Second step, using I-beam welded prefabricated multiple structure same sliding support 201, sliding support 201 for horizontal frame structure, each sliding support 201 is provided with a pair of guide rails 203 with each walking wheel 205, each pair of walking wheel 205 wheel track and each pair of guide rails 203 spacing matching; In the middle of each sliding support 201 fixed installation of a spoiler pump 202, the outlet of the spoiler pump 202 is connected with the outlet pipe; In actual installation, the walking wheel 205 uses nylon universal wheel, which is wear-resistant and has small friction coefficient. After installation, the sliding support 201 can move flexibly on the guide rail on the upstream panel 100, ensuring smooth movement. The sliding support is made of stainless steel I-beam welded together, which has high strength and durability. Third step, install multiple winch hoist 204 and control box on the outside of the wave protection wall 300 of the panel rockfill plate, tie each steel wire rope of the winch hoist 204 with a sliding support 201, and hang the sliding support 201 on the guide rail 203 of the upstream panel. The sliding support 201 is parallel to the upstream panel 100, and the outlet of the spoiler pump 202 is vertically arranged relative to the reservoir basin bottom plate 400. Install a bridge on the wave protection wall 300 and lay power cables to provide power for each group of winch hoist 204 and spoiler pump 202. The winch hoist 204 and the spoiler pump 202 are connected to the control output end of the controller in the control box through the signal cable. The controller can control the start and stop of each group of winch hoist 204 and spoiler pump 202, thereby adjusting the height of the spoiler pump and the water disturbance. In actual installation, the lifting capacity of the winch hoist 204 can be flexibly selected according to the total weight of the sliding support and the spoiler pump, and the lift of the winch hoist 204 is determined according to the slope length between the dam top and the slope foot. Fourth step, install a water level gauge above the reservoir basin bottom plate 400 or the highest water level, connect the signal output end of the water level gauge to the signal output end of the controller through a cable, use the water level gauge to obtain water level information, and the controller controls the winch hoist 204 to start winding or unwinding, so that the outlet of the outlet pipe is located below the water surface 50±10 cm. When the height difference between the outlet pipe nozzle height of the spoiler pump 202 and the water level is lower than 50±10 cm, the controller starts and releases a certain length of steel wire rope by controlling the motor driver of the hoist 204, and the sliding support 201 and the spoiler pump 202 are lowered by a certain distance, so that the height difference between the outlet of the spoiler pump 202 and the water surface is within the required range; when the height difference between the outlet of the spoiler pump 202 and the water surface is higher than the upper limit of the required range, the controller sends an upward pulling instruction to the hoist 204, and the hoist 204 drives the sliding support 201 and the spoiler pump 202 to move upward by a certain distance, so that the height difference between the outlet of the spoiler pump 202 and the water surface is within the required range, thereby realizing flexible adjustment of the height of the spoiler pump 202 and meeting the anti-freezing requirements of different water levels.

[0020] In the present application, each spoiler pump 202 sprays water upward and has a certain disturbance range, and the distance between the spoiler pumps 202 is such that the disturbance ranges of adjacent spoiler pumps 202 are partially overlapped, thereby covering the entire water area in front of the dam, so that the water area in front of the dam is in a disturbed state, thereby breaking the ice layer forming conditions on the water surface in front of the dam, avoiding icing, and protecting the face slab of the face slab rock-fill dam. In the present application, each spoiler pump 202 is installed on the sliding support 201 pulled by the hoist 204, and when the hoist 204 retracts the rope, the sliding support 201 is pulled upward along the guide rail 203, so that the height of the spoiler pump 202 is increased, and when the hoist 204 releases the rope, the sliding support 201 and the spoiler pump 202 move downward under the action of gravity, so that the height of the spoiler pump 202 is lowered. Therefore, in actual operation, the height of the spoiler pump 202 can be flexibly adjusted according to the water level in front of the dam, so as to adapt to the change of water level and meet the water disturbance requirements at different water levels, and icing is avoided as much as possible.

[0021] In actual installation, the water level meter in the present application can be an ultrasonic water level meter, a radar water level meter, or a pressure type water level meter. If a radar water level meter is used, it is installed above the highest water level, and if an ultrasonic water level meter is used, it is installed above the highest water level. If an ultrasonic water level meter is used or a pressure type water level meter is used, it is installed below the water surface (preferably installed on the dam front reservoir bottom plate), and the installation of the water level meter can be according to relevant standards or specifications.

[0022] It should be noted that the controller of the present application can be a general processor, a special processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors associated with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a PLC or an industrial computer. Further, the controller is also provided with a wireless communication module to realize connection with a remote terminal, receive control instructions of the remote terminal, and also can feedback relevant parameters of real-time working state. It should be noted that the turbulence pump 202 in the present application is a variable frequency submersible pump, which sprays water upward to form effective disturbance to the water area in front of the dam in unit time, breaks the ice layer forming condition, and forms a disturbance range covering the key area in front of the dam; the turbulence pump 202 adopts a variable frequency pump, which meets the anti-freezing requirement, takes into account the energy utilization efficiency, and reduces the long-term operation cost.

[0023] In actual operation, the running condition (such as abnormal sound) of each turbulence pump 202, the corrosion condition of the sliding support 201, the wear degree of the walking wheel 205, and the steel wire rope and braking performance of the hoist type lifting machine 204 can be detected in a certain period. For example, a comprehensive inspection and maintenance is carried out on the whole system before and after the beginning and end of the ice period in winter. Through practice, by using the anti-freezing method of the present application, the water area in front of the dam in a certain severe cold area reservoir has not formed a continuous ice layer during the whole winter operation period, and the anti-freezing effect is remarkable.

[0024] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, and for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified without creative labor, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently. Thus, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preventing frost damage to rockfill dams with face panels in cold regions, characterized in that: The antifreeze method includes The first step is to lay multiple pairs of guide rails at equal intervals on the upstream panel; The second step involves prefabricating multiple identical sliding supports using I-beams. The sliding supports are horizontal frame structures, with wheels installed at the bottom. The wheel spacing of each pair of wheels matches the spacing of each pair of guide rails. A turbulence pump is fixedly installed in the middle of each sliding support, and the outlet of the turbulence pump is connected to a water outlet pipe. The third step involves installing multiple winch-type elevators and control boxes at intervals on the outside of the wave wall of the rockfill panel. The wire rope of each winch-type elevator is tied together with a sliding support. The sliding support is then mounted on the guide rail of the upstream panel, with the sliding support parallel to the upstream panel. The outlet of the turbulence pump is vertically positioned relative to the bottom plate of the reservoir. The winch-type elevators and turbulence pumps are connected to the control output terminal of the controller in the control box via cables. The fourth step is to install a water level gauge on the bottom plate of the reservoir or above the highest water level. Connect the signal output terminal of the water level gauge to the signal output terminal of the controller through a cable. Use the water level gauge to obtain water level information. The controller controls the winch to start winding or unwinding the rope so that the outlet of the water pipe is 50±10cm below the water surface.

2. The method for preventing freezing of rockfill dams with face panels in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water level gauge is an ultrasonic water level gauge, a radar water level gauge, or a pressure water level gauge.

3. The method for preventing freezing of rockfill dams with face panels in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the guide rail is provided with a limiting baffle welded perpendicular to it.

4. The method for preventing freezing of rockfill dams with face panels in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the turbulence pump is located 50 ± 10 cm below the water surface.

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