Bluetooth fingerprint card swiping coded lock for forklift

Abstract

The invention discloses a forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swiping coded lock, which relates to the technical field of forklift coded locks and comprises a control mainboard, an identity verification module, a wide-voltage power supply adaptation module, a Bluetooth communication module, a storage module and an execution control module. The lock supports at least one verification mode of fingerprints, radio frequency cards and passwords, and authorization management is achieved through an identity information unique binding algorithm. Operation records are stored in real time and interact with a mobile terminal management system through Bluetooth, and the requirements of TSG81-2022 for identity verification, failure protection and use traceability of motor vehicles in the field are met in cooperation with anti-disassembly induction and system self-inspection functions; the uniqueness identification and precise management and control of the personnel authority are realized, the stability and safety of the equipment in an industrial environment are improved, a complete operation auditing link which cannot be tampered is constructed, and the compliance management requirement of special equipment is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forklift combination lock technology, specifically a forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, forklifts generally use mechanical keys or single electronic passwords / cards for starting. Operators only need a key or card to operate the vehicle, lacking effective identification and access control for operators, making it difficult to meet the refined requirements of special equipment safety management. In actual use, if unauthorized personnel obtain the starting medium, they can still operate the vehicle, posing certain safety risks.

[0003] While some existing electronic lock devices have card swiping or password verification functions, they lack integrated biometric identification methods such as fingerprints. Furthermore, the magnetic cards used typically serve only as access credentials and are not linked to operator identification information such as name, employee ID, or biometrics, resulting in coarse-grained access control. In addition, these devices generally lack a complete mechanism for storing and exporting operation records, hindering enterprises' ability to trace and digitally manage forklift usage.

[0004] With the implementation of the "TSG81-2022 Safety Technical Regulations for Special-Purpose Motor Vehicles in Plants (Factories)," forklifts must be equipped with a data collection device capable of verifying driver authorization through biometrics or a unique binding medium. Start-up is prohibited if the data collector malfunctions, is removed, or the driver's identity does not match. Existing solutions still have room for improvement in multimodal identity verification, information binding mechanisms, and data traceability, making it difficult to fully meet the new regulations' comprehensive requirements for safety control and information management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock for forklifts, which solves the problem that existing forklift starting methods rely solely on mechanical keys, single electronic passwords, or magnetic cards without bound identity information, resulting in the inability to effectively identify and distinguish the operator's identity and permissions, and the lack of a complete operation record storage and export mechanism.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock includes:

[0008] The control board is fixedly installed in the internal cavity of the lock body. It is electrically connected to the authentication module, wide voltage power adapter module, Bluetooth communication module, storage module and execution control module through printed circuit board wiring. It is used to run the unlocking logic control program and manage operation data.

[0009] The identity verification module is connected to the input interface of the control motherboard via a flexible cable. It is used to collect the operator's identity information and transmit the information to the control motherboard for comparison. The identity verification module integrates at least one of a fingerprint recognition unit, an RFID card reader unit, and a keypad password unit. The fingerprint recognition unit uses a capacitive sensor encapsulated in the front panel of the lock body. The RFID card reader unit has a built-in 13.56MHz non-contact card reader antenna surrounding the edge area of ​​the lock body. The keypad password unit is composed of a waterproof silicone key matrix and embedded in the surface of the lock body.

[0010] The wide-voltage power adapter module has its input terminal connected to the positive and negative terminals of the external power supply of the forklift via a terminal block, and its output terminal connected to the power pin of the control motherboard via a voltage regulator and filter circuit. The wide-voltage power adapter module is configured to receive DC voltage input and maintain stable power supply to the system within a preset voltage range. Its load output branch is connected to the drive circuit of the execution control module via a current detection resistor.

[0011] The Bluetooth communication module is soldered to the communication interface area of ​​the control motherboard. It uses a low-power Bluetooth chip and is connected to the antenna embedded in the metal shield at the top of the lock body through an antenna feed line. It is used to establish a point-to-point wireless communication link with an external mobile terminal.

[0012] The storage module is connected to the data storage controller of the control motherboard via the SPI bus. It uses a non-volatile flash memory chip packaged inside the lock body to store the preset identity feature database and real-time generated operation record data.

[0013] The execution control module has its control terminal connected to the GPIO output pin of the control motherboard. Its output terminal is connected in series with the original start control circuit of the forklift through relay contacts. It is used to switch the on or off state of the start circuit according to the verification result signal issued by the control motherboard.

[0014] Furthermore, the wide-voltage power adapter module includes a high-voltage step-down circuit and an overcurrent protection circuit. The high-voltage step-down circuit uses an isolated DC-DC converter, with its input side connected to the positive and negative terminals of the forklift battery, and its output side supplied with the operating voltage of the control motherboard after LC filtering. The overcurrent protection circuit consists of a current sampling resistor, a comparator, and a MOSFET switch, which are connected in series in the power supply path of the relay coil of the execution control module. When the current exceeds the set threshold, the relay drive power is cut off.

[0015] Furthermore, the control motherboard contains a unique identity binding algorithm program. When the RFID card information is entered for the first time, the program simultaneously receives the driver's name, employee number, and biometric template data issued by the mobile terminal management system, and establishes a one-to-one mapping relationship between the RFID card ID and the above information, writing it into a dedicated partition of the storage module. During subsequent card swiping verification, the unlocking process is only allowed if the card ID matches the binding information.

[0016] Furthermore, the control motherboard runs a full lifecycle data management logic program. After each successful authentication, the program obtains a timestamp from the system's real-time clock, combines the currently used authentication method, operator ID, and device self-test status to generate a structured operation record, and writes it to the log partition of the storage module. When the Bluetooth communication module receives the record export instruction frame sent by the mobile terminal, the control motherboard segments and packages the log partition content according to a preset data packet format and sends it to the mobile terminal frame by frame via the Bluetooth link.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes an anti-tamper sensing mechanism, which is composed of a micro switch or a Hall sensor and is fixedly installed in the contact area between the lock body back plate and the forklift mounting surface. Its signal output terminal is connected to the interrupt input pin of the control motherboard through a shielded wire. When the lock body is pried off the mounting surface, causing the micro switch to pop up or the Hall sensor magnetic field to deviate, the control motherboard immediately outputs a high-impedance signal to the execution control module, forcing the relay contacts to disconnect the forklift starting circuit.

[0018] Furthermore, the control motherboard integrates a system self-test program, which periodically sends handshake commands to each unit of the authentication module and waits for a response signal. If no valid response is received from any of the fingerprint recognition unit, RFID card reader unit, or keyboard password unit within a preset time, the unit is determined to be faulty, and the control motherboard locks all unlocking channels and keeps the execution control module in a disconnected state.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a mobile management system, which is a WeChat mini-program developed based on the standard Bluetooth GATT protocol and runs on smartphones or tablets with Bluetooth functionality. After discovering the lock device by scanning broadcast packets, the mini-program initiates a pairing request. After successful pairing, it can send a user permission configuration package, a fingerprint template data package, or a log query command to the control motherboard. The control motherboard parses the command, executes the corresponding operation, and returns the result to the mini-program interface through a notification feature value.

[0020] Furthermore, the identity verification module supports a multi-state unlocking fusion mode, and the control motherboard dynamically enables different verification combinations according to the preset policy table in the storage module. The policy table defines the verification methods corresponding to different user groups, including using fingerprint alone, swiping card alone, entering password alone, or using "card swipe + password" dual factor verification. Only when the identity information collected in real time is completely consistent with the characteristics bound to the corresponding user in the storage module, the control motherboard outputs a high-level unlock signal to the execution control module.

[0021] Furthermore, the execution control module includes a relay drive circuit, which consists of an optocoupler isolator, a transistor amplifier stage, and a freewheeling diode. Its input terminal is connected to the unlock signal output port of the control motherboard, and its output terminal drives a set of normally open electromagnetic relays. One end of the relay contacts is connected to the enable input terminal of the forklift ignition switch, and the other end is connected to the common enable signal terminal of the forklift controller. The enable circuit is connected when the contacts are closed, and the enable signal is cut off when the contacts are open.

[0022] Furthermore, the lock body adopts a metal die-cast shell, and its structure can be either split or integrated. The split structure is fixed to the reserved mounting holes on the forklift dashboard with four M4 screws, while the integrated structure is embedded inside the forklift operating handle and double-fixed to the handle shell with buckles and screws. All seams of the lock body are filled with silicone rubber sealing rings, and the surface of the shell is sprayed with an anti-corrosion coating. The overall protection level meets the IP65 standard.

[0023] The present invention has the following advantages: First, by integrating a multimodal authentication mechanism of fingerprint recognition, radio frequency card swiping and keyboard password, and in conjunction with a unique identity information binding algorithm, the present invention technically eliminates the disconnect between the verification medium and the operating subject, ensuring that only authorized personnel verified through biometrics or specific binding relationships can obtain the right to operate the forklift, thus meeting the unique identification requirements of special equipment safety management.

[0024] Secondly, this invention, through the high-voltage step-down circuit and overcurrent protection circuit of the wide-voltage power adapter module, enables it to adapt to complex industrial power supply environments ranging from DC 12V to 80V, and effectively defends against circuit surges and short-circuit faults, improving the system's reliability under extreme operating conditions. The introduction of the anti-tamper sensing mechanism and system self-test program constructs a dual protection system from physical security to logical security, ensuring that the device automatically enters a safety lockout state when it suffers illegal damage or hardware failure.

[0025] Finally, this invention utilizes Bluetooth Low Energy communication technology to interact with the mobile management system, enabling the digital storage and export of operation records. The full lifecycle data management logic program can accurately record the time, personnel, and equipment status of each operation, and export it to the mobile terminal through encrypted segmented transmission. This provides enterprises with a complete and tamper-proof audit trail, fully complying with the mandatory compliance requirements of relevant security technical regulations such as TSG81-2022 for information traceability and failure protection. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock of the present invention, showing the fingerprint recognition area, waterproof button matrix and overall outline integrated on the front of the lock body.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the internal modules of the forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe lock of the present invention, illustrating the electrical connection relationship between the control motherboard and the authentication module, wide voltage power adapter module, Bluetooth communication module, storage module and execution control module.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the authentication module in this invention, showing the relative positions of the fingerprint recognition unit, the RF card reader antenna layout, and the keyboard password unit within the lock body.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a circuit connection diagram of the execution control module of the present invention connected to the forklift starting circuit, showing the series connection of the relay contacts and the original vehicle starting control circuit.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture for data interaction between the present invention and the mobile management system via Bluetooth communication, illustrating the information flow between the lock, the mobile terminal, and the back-end management.

[0031] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0032] 1. Lock body; 2. Fingerprint recognition unit; 3. Keyboard password unit; 4. Control motherboard; 5. Authentication module; 6. Wide voltage power supply adapter module; 7. Bluetooth communication module; 8. Storage module; 9. Execution control module; 10. RF card reader antenna; 11. Relay contacts; 12. Forklift start control circuit; 13. Mobile terminal; 14. Bluetooth communication link. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] This invention provides a forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock, the specific implementation of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the lock consists of a lock body 1, which is made of die-cast metal with an anti-corrosion coating. All seams are filled with silicone rubber sealing rings, achieving an overall protection level of IP65. The front of the lock body 1 integrates a fingerprint recognition unit 2 and a keypad password unit 3. The fingerprint recognition unit 2 is a capacitive sensor encapsulated in the central area of ​​the front panel of the lock body 1. The keypad password unit 3 is composed of a waterproof silicone key matrix, embedded in the lower right corner of the front of the lock body 1, with a 4×3 matrix layout for inputting numbers and function commands. An RFID card reader antenna 10, a 13.56MHz non-contact card reader antenna, is arranged around the edge of the lock body 1, embedded inside the upper shell of the lock body 1, and electrically connected to the RFID card reader unit in the authentication module 5.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, a control motherboard 4 is fixedly installed in the internal cavity of the lock body 1. The control motherboard 4 establishes electrical connections with the authentication module 5, the wide-voltage power adapter module 6, the Bluetooth communication module 7, the storage module 8, and the execution control module 9 through printed circuit board wiring. The authentication module 5 is connected to the input interface of the control motherboard 4 through a flexible ribbon cable. It integrates a fingerprint recognition unit 2, an RFID card reader unit, and a keyboard password unit 3. The three share the same data bus connected to the microcontroller input port of the control motherboard 4. The input terminal of the wide-voltage power adapter module 6 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the external power supply of the forklift through a terminal block. The output terminal is connected to the power pin of the control motherboard 4 after passing through a voltage regulator and filter circuit. At the same time, its load output branch is connected to the drive circuit of the execution control module 9 through a current sensing resistor. The Bluetooth communication module 7 is soldered to the communication interface area of ​​the control motherboard 4. It uses a low-power Bluetooth chip and is connected to the antenna embedded in the metal shield on the top of the lock body 1 through an antenna feed line to establish a Bluetooth communication link 14 with the external mobile terminal 13. The storage module 8 is connected to the data storage controller of the control motherboard 4 via the SPI bus. It uses a non-volatile flash memory chip and is packaged inside the lock body 1 near the control motherboard 4. It is used to store preset identity feature database and operation record data. The control terminal of the execution control module 9 is connected to the GPIO output pin of the control motherboard 4. Its output terminal is connected in series to the original start control circuit 12 of the forklift through relay contact 11.

[0036] like Figure 3As shown, the specific layout of the authentication module 5 inside the lock body 1 is as follows: the fingerprint recognition unit 2 is located behind the front panel of the lock body 1, with its sensing surface facing outwards, allowing direct contact with the fingers of external operators; the RF card reader antenna 10 is arranged in a ring around the inner edge of the upper shell of the lock body 1, ensuring effective reading when the RF card is approached from any direction on the lock body 1; the keypad password unit 3 is located on the inner side of the lower right corner of the front of the lock body 1, with conductive rubber contacts on the back of its silicone buttons, connected to the flexible circuit board and then connected to the main control chip of the authentication module 5 via a ribbon cable. The three components are physically isolated from each other to avoid electromagnetic interference, and the signals are aggregated through the same flexible ribbon cable and then connected to the control motherboard 4.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, the execution control module 9 includes a relay drive circuit, which consists of an optocoupler, a transistor amplifier, and a freewheeling diode. Its input is connected to the unlock signal output port of the control motherboard 4, and its output drives a set of normally open electromagnetic relays. One end of the relay's contact 11 is connected to the enable input terminal of the forklift ignition switch, and the other end is connected to the common enable signal terminal of the forklift controller. When contact 11 closes, the enable circuit is activated; when contact 11 opens, the enable signal is cut off. When the control motherboard 4 successfully verifies the identity information, it outputs a high-level signal to the execution control module 9, driving the relay to engage and close contact 11, thereby activating the forklift start control circuit 12 and allowing the forklift to start. If verification fails or the system is locked, the control motherboard 4 outputs a low-level or high-impedance state, the relay releases, contact 11 opens, and the start circuit is cut off.

[0038] The wide-voltage power adapter module 6 includes a high-voltage step-down circuit and an overcurrent protection circuit. The high-voltage step-down circuit uses an isolated DC-DC converter. Its input side is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the forklift battery via terminals, with an input voltage range of DC 12V to 80V. The output side, after LC filtering, provides a stable DC 5V operating voltage to the control motherboard 4. The overcurrent protection circuit consists of a current sampling resistor, a comparator, and a MOSFET switch, connected in series in the relay coil power supply path of the execution control module 9. When the relay drive current exceeds a set threshold (e.g., 500mA), the voltage drop across the current sampling resistor triggers the comparator to output a high level, driving the MOSFET to turn off, thereby cutting off the power supply to the relay coil and preventing system damage due to short circuits or overloads.

[0039] The control motherboard 4 contains a unique identity binding algorithm program. When initially entering RFID card information, the operator must first send a pairing request to the lock via a mobile management system (such as a WeChat mini-program). Upon successful pairing, the mobile management system sends a configuration package containing the driver's name, employee ID, and biometric template data. After receiving this data package, the control motherboard 4 establishes a one-to-one mapping between the read RFID card ID and the received driver information as the user swipes their card through the RFID card reader, and writes this mapping to a dedicated partition in the storage module 8. For each subsequent card swipe verification, the control motherboard 4 first reads the card ID and checks if the corresponding binding information exists in the storage module 8. If it exists and has not been deactivated, the next verification step is initiated; otherwise, unlocking is refused and the abnormal event is recorded.

[0040] The control motherboard 4 also runs a full lifecycle data management logic program. After each successful authentication, the program obtains the current timestamp from the system's real-time clock, combines it with the currently used authentication method (such as fingerprint, card swipe, or password), the operator ID, and the device's self-check status (such as whether each module is functioning correctly), and generates a structured operation record. This record includes fields such as time, operation type, user ID, authentication result, and device status, and is written sequentially to the log partition of the storage module 8. When the log partition is full, a circular overwrite mechanism is used to retain the most recent records. When the Bluetooth communication module 7 receives the record export instruction frame sent by the mobile terminal 13, the control motherboard 4 segments and packages the log partition content according to a preset data packet format (such as 256 bytes per packet), and sends it frame by frame to the mobile terminal 13 via the Bluetooth communication link 14. After receiving all data packets, the mobile terminal 13 can store them locally, upload them to the backend server, or generate reports.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also includes a mobile management system, which is a WeChat mini-program developed based on the standard Bluetooth GATT protocol and runs on smartphones or tablets with Bluetooth functionality. After discovering the lock device by scanning broadcast packets, the mobile terminal 13 initiates a pairing request. Upon successful pairing, it can send a user permission configuration packet, a fingerprint template data packet, or a log query command to the control motherboard 4. The control motherboard 4 parses the command and executes the corresponding operation: if a user permission configuration packet is received, the user policy table in the storage module 8 is updated; if a fingerprint template data packet is received, it is written to the identity feature database; if a log query command is received, the log export process is initiated. All operation results are returned to the mobile terminal 13 interface via GATT notification feature values ​​for management personnel to view.

[0042] The authentication module 5 supports a multi-state unlocking fusion mode. The control motherboard 4 dynamically enables different authentication combinations based on the preset policy table in the storage module 8. The policy table defines the authentication methods for different user groups; for example, ordinary operators only need to use fingerprint or card swipe alone, administrators need to use "card swipe + password" dual-factor authentication, and temporary visitors are only allowed to enter a temporary password. The policy table is remotely configured and written to the storage module 8 by the mobile management system. Only when the real-time collected identity information is completely consistent with the characteristics bound to the corresponding user in the storage module 8 will the control motherboard 4 output a high-level unlock signal to the execution control module 9. For example, when the policy table stipulates that a user needs "card swipe + password" authentication, the system first reads the RFID card ID and confirms its validity, then prompts for a password. If the password is correct and matches the user information bound to the card ID, the authentication is considered successful.

[0043] The invention also includes an anti-tamper sensing mechanism, which consists of a micro switch or a Hall sensor and is fixedly installed in the contact area between the back plate of the lock body 1 and the forklift mounting surface. Taking the micro switch as an example, one end of its normally closed contact is grounded, and the other end is connected to the interrupt input pin of the control main board 4 through a shielded wire. When the lock body 1 is properly installed, the micro switch is pressed and closed; once the lock body 1 is pried off the mounting surface, the micro switch pops up, the contact opens, and after the control main board 4 detects the interrupt signal, it immediately outputs a high-impedance signal to the execution control module 9, forcing the relay contact 11 to disconnect the forklift start control circuit 12. Even if the identity has been verified at this time, the forklift cannot be started. If a Hall sensor is used, a permanent magnet is embedded in the back plate of the lock body 1, and a Hall element is fixed on the forklift mounting surface. When the lock body 1 is removed, the change in magnetic field strength triggers the Hall sensor output level to flip, which also triggers the control main board 4 to perform power-off protection.

[0044] The control motherboard 4 also integrates a system self-test program. This program periodically sends handshake commands to each unit of the authentication module 5 after the system is powered on and initialized, and every 5 minutes during standby. Specifically, the control motherboard 4 sequentially sends specific query commands to the fingerprint recognition unit 2, the RFID card reader unit, and the keyboard password unit 3, and waits for each unit to return a response signal within 100ms. If any unit fails to return a valid response within a preset time (such as a verification error, no response, or abnormal data), that unit is deemed to have failed. Once any authentication unit fails, the control motherboard 4 immediately locks all unlocking channels, no longer accepts any authentication requests, keeps the execution control module 9 disconnected, and simultaneously sends a fault alarm message to the paired mobile terminal 13 via the Bluetooth communication module 7, prompting maintenance personnel to perform repairs.

[0045] In practical applications, forklift operators must first register their identity via mobile terminal 13 before starting work. The administrator opens a WeChat mini-program, scans the Bluetooth signal broadcast by the lock, completes pairing, enters the operator's name and employee number, and collects their fingerprint template or assigns an RFID card. If an RFID card is assigned, the card ID is bound to the personnel information while swiping the card. Afterward, the operator can start the forklift using any authorization method: for example, pressing a finger on the fingerprint recognition unit 2, the control motherboard 4 reads the fingerprint image and compares it with the template in the storage module 8. If they match, the execution control module 9 closes the relay contact 11, activating the forklift start control circuit 12; or holding the RFID card close to the edge of the lock body 1, the RFID card reader antenna 10 senses the card and reads the ID, the control motherboard 4 queries the binding information and verifies the validity, and unlocks the lock after successful verification; or directly entering a preset password, which is collected by the keyboard password unit 3 and verified by the control motherboard 4. All operations are recorded and can be exported at any time, meeting the mandatory requirements of TSG81-2022 for on-site motor vehicle safety technical regulations regarding identity verification, failure protection, and usage traceability.

[0046] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this invention, the specific implementation principles of this invention are further supplemented below with a specific application scenario.

[0047] During the identity authorization and start-up control process before the forklift's daily operation, the enterprise security administrator first opens a WeChat mini-program developed based on the Bluetooth GATT protocol via a mobile terminal 13 (such as a smartphone) and scans the Bluetooth signal broadcast by the lock body 1 to establish a Bluetooth communication link 14. After successful pairing, the administrator enters the name and employee number of the newly hired operator in the mini-program interface and chooses to assign an RFID card or collect a fingerprint template. If an RFID card is assigned, a blank Mifare card is swiped near the RFID card reader antenna 10 on the edge area of ​​the lock body 1. At this time, the control motherboard 4 reads the unique ID of the card through the RFID card reader unit in the identity verification module 5. Simultaneously, the mobile management system sends a configuration package containing the operator's identity information and permission level to the control motherboard 4 via the Bluetooth communication module 7. After receiving the configuration package, the control motherboard 4, upon detecting the RFID card swiping action, binds the read card ID with the identity information in the configuration package and writes this mapping relationship into the dedicated user partition of the storage module 8, completing the one-to-one correspondence between the identity medium and the personnel information.

[0048] Then, in the daily use phase, when the operator needs to start the forklift, they can choose any authorization method according to their permission policy. For example, if they are set to only require fingerprint verification, the operator presses their finger on the fingerprint recognition unit 2 in the center of the front of the lock body 1. After the fingerprint recognition unit 2, acting as a capacitive sensor, collects the fingerprint image, it transmits the raw data to the main control chip of the identity verification module 5 via a flexible cable for preprocessing, and then sends it to the microcontroller of the control motherboard 4 via the same data bus. The control motherboard 4 calls the fingerprint template corresponding to the user ID in the storage module 8 for feature comparison. If the matching degree exceeds the preset threshold, the identity is determined to be legitimate. At this time, the GPIO output pin of the control motherboard 4 outputs a high-level signal to the input of the execution control module 9, driving the optocoupler isolator to conduct, which in turn triggers the transistor amplification stage to energize the electromagnetic relay coil, closing the relay contact 11, thereby turning on the forklift start control circuit 12 and allowing the forklift to start normally.

[0049] If the operator uses an RFID card, they can bring the card with the bound identity close to any edge of the lock body 1. Since the RFID card reader antenna 10 is ring-shaped and embedded inside the upper shell of the lock body 1, covering the entire lock body outline, the card can be effectively sensed regardless of the direction from which it approaches. After the RFID card reader unit reads the card ID, the control motherboard 4 immediately checks the storage module 8 for a valid binding record for that ID. If it exists and has not been deregistered, the system determines whether an additional verification factor is needed based on the policy table. For example, if the user is set to a "card + password" dual verification mode, the system prompts for a six-digit numeric password via the keyboard password unit 3. After the operator enters the password on the waterproof silicone keypad matrix at the lower right of the lock body 1, the conductive rubber contacts generate a voltage level change, which is converted into a digital signal by the flexible circuit board and transmitted to the identity verification module 5 via a ribbon cable. Finally, the control motherboard 4 verifies whether the password matches the user record bound to the card ID. Only when both verifications pass will the control motherboard 4 output an unlock signal to the execution control module 9, causing the relay contact 11 to close and activating the forklift start control circuit 12.

[0050] Throughout operation, the wide-voltage power adapter module 6 continuously provides a stable power supply to the system. Its input is directly connected to the positive and negative terminals of the forklift battery, adapting to wide voltage fluctuations from DC 12V to 80V. The internal isolated DC-DC converter, after LC filtering, outputs a constant DC 5V to the control motherboard 4, ensuring stable operation of all logic circuits. Simultaneously, the overcurrent protection circuit monitors the current in the relay coil of the execution control module 9 in real time. If a short circuit causes the current to exceed 500mA, the voltage drop across the current sampling resistor will trigger the comparator to flip, driving the MOSFET to turn off the coil power supply path, preventing hardware damage.

[0051] In addition, the anti-tamper sensing mechanism provides protection at the physical security level. Taking the micro switch as an example, it is installed between the back plate of the lock body 1 and the contact surface of the forklift frame. Under normal conditions, it is closed under pressure and provides a low-level signal to the control board 4. Once someone attempts to pry open the lock body 1, the micro switch pops up, causing the contacts to open. The interrupt pin of the control board 4 detects the level change and immediately forces the control module 9 to enter a high-impedance state. Even if the authentication has been completed, the relay contact 11 remains open, completely cutting off the forklift start control circuit 12.

[0052] The system self-test program runs periodically in the background. Every 5 minutes, the control motherboard 4 sends handshake commands to the fingerprint recognition unit 2, the RFID card reader unit, and the keyboard password unit 3, and waits for each unit to return a verification response within 100ms. If any unit fails to respond or returns an error code, the module is deemed to have failed. The control motherboard 4 then locks all verification channels and pushes a fault alarm to the paired mobile terminal 13 via the Bluetooth communication module 7, prompting maintenance personnel to perform timely repairs.

[0053] After each successful verification, the full lifecycle data management logic program automatically obtains the timestamp from the real-time clock, combines it with the verification method, user ID, and device self-test status to generate structured log entries, and writes them to the log partition of storage module 8. When the log partition is full, a first-in-first-out (FIFO) circular overwrite mechanism is used to retain the most recent records. Administrators can send log export commands via mobile terminal 13 to control motherboard 4 to packetize log data into 256-byte segments and transmit them frame by frame via Bluetooth communication link 14, achieving complete traceability of operational behavior and meeting the compliance requirements of TSG81-2022 regarding the storage and export of usage records for authentication devices.

[0054] All contents not described in detail in the specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art, and the model parameters of each electrical appliance are not specifically limited; conventional equipment can be used. Electrical control components not mentioned in this technical solution are existing technologies and are therefore not shown in the figures, nor will they be described here.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock, characterized in that, include: The control board, located inside the lock body, is used to execute unlocking logic control and data management; An identity verification module, electrically connected to the control motherboard, is used to collect personnel identity information and send it to the control motherboard for comparison. The identity verification module includes at least one of a fingerprint recognition unit, an RFID card reader, and a keyboard password unit. A wide-voltage power adapter module is connected between the external power supply of the forklift and the control motherboard. The wide-voltage power adapter module is configured to support voltage input within the range of DC12V-110V, and the load output branch supports a maximum current of 10A. The Bluetooth communication module is electrically connected to the control motherboard and is used to establish a wireless connection with an external mobile terminal. The storage module, connected to the control motherboard, is used to store a preset identity feature database and real-time generated operator operation records; An execution control module, controlled by the control motherboard and connected to the forklift's start control circuit, is used to switch the conduction state of the start control circuit based on the authentication result.

2. The forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wide-voltage power adapter module includes a high-voltage step-down circuit and an overcurrent protection circuit. The high-voltage step-down circuit uses a DC-DC converter to reduce the forklift battery voltage to the system operating voltage. The overcurrent protection circuit is connected in series in the output line of the execution control module to carry and limit the peak operating current of 10A.

3. A forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control motherboard runs a unique identity information binding algorithm, which maps the magnetic card ID collected by the radio frequency card reader unit to the driver's name, employee number and biometric information pre-stored in the storage module in a one-to-one manner, so as to achieve the unique locking of the magnetic card and personal identity information.

4. A forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control motherboard is equipped with full lifecycle data management logic. The operation record includes the driver's identity ID, operation time, unlocking method, and device status information for each unlock. The control motherboard receives the export command from the mobile terminal via the Bluetooth communication module and packages the operation record in the storage module and uploads it to the mobile terminal.

5. A forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an anti-tamper sensing mechanism, which is connected to the input terminal of the control motherboard and is used to monitor the contact status between the lock body and the mounting surface in real time. When the anti-tamper sensing mechanism detects that the lock body has been displaced or illegally removed, the control motherboard controls the execution control module to forcibly disconnect the forklift start control circuit.

6. A forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control motherboard integrates a system self-test program, which is configured to monitor the communication status of the authentication module in real time. When the self-test program determines that the authentication module has failed or communication is interrupted, the execution control module remains locked to prevent the vehicle from starting.

7. A forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a mobile terminal management system, which is a WeChat mini program that runs based on the Bluetooth protocol. The WeChat mini program interacts with the control motherboard through the Bluetooth communication module to realize real-time viewing of device status, remote issuance of user permissions, remote collection and input of fingerprint features, and query of operation records.

8. A forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The identity verification module supports a multi-state unlocking fusion mode. The control motherboard switches between fingerprint verification, card swipe verification, password verification, and "card swipe + password" combination verification according to a preset strategy. The execution control module only outputs an unlock signal when the information collected in real time matches the identity information bound in the storage module.

9. A forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The execution control module includes a relay drive circuit. The output terminal of the relay drive circuit is connected to the forklift ignition switch or the controller enable signal line. The physical control of the driver's operating authority is achieved by closing or opening the contacts.

10. A forklift Bluetooth fingerprint card swipe combination lock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lock body adopts a split or integrated structure, which can be installed independently on the forklift dashboard or integrated with the forklift operating handle. The protection level of the lock body shell is not lower than IP65.

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