Lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid metal coolants, and particularly relates to a lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device and method. The lower end of the outer cylinder is connected with the inlet connecting pipe through the flow dividing cavity, the flow dividing cavity is of an inverted-cone-shaped structure, a lower flange is arranged at the upper end of the outer cylinder, a plurality of positioning bosses are arranged on the lower surface of the lower flange, the upper end of the outer sleeve is fixedly connected with the positioning bosses, and the bottom of the outer sleeve is of an integral sealing plate type. Fixed connection is realized through a bottom sealing plate; the outer sleeve is of an annular pipe structure, and the inner sleeve is arranged in the outer sleeve. According to the method, the PbO particles can be rapidly replaced, falling PbO particle fragments are prevented from flowing into a system to become impurities while it is guaranteed that the PbO particles are fully dissolved in the liquid metal, and the method can be applied to solid-state efficient oxygen removal of the lead-based liquid metal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of liquid metal coolant technology, specifically relating to a lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid metal-cooled reactors (LMWRs) are one of the Generation IV advanced reactor types, possessing advantages such as high inherent safety and high economic efficiency. Currently, material corrosion protection and impurity purification are the two main bottlenecks restricting the development of LWRs. Using liquid metal oxygen control technology to control the dissolved oxygen concentration in liquid metal within a certain range can ensure the formation of a protective oxide film on the surface of structural materials while preventing the generation of oxide impurities within the coolant. Solid-state oxygen control technology utilizes a solid-state oxygen control device containing PbO solid particles to control the dissolved oxygen concentration in lead-based liquid metals. By controlling the temperature of the coolant flowing through the PbO particles, the dissolved oxygen rate can be indirectly controlled. Because it is less likely to cause local oxygen concentration instability and overload, it has been widely used in experimental setups.

[0003] In actual use, the PbO balls in the solid oxygen control device are consumed over time, and the surface of PbO at high consumption points may crack or fall off, flowing into the system with the liquid metal and becoming impurities. In addition, PbO needs to be replenished regularly after consumption, so the device needs to have high maintainability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device and method, which can realize the rapid replacement of PbO particles, and while ensuring that the PbO particles are fully dissolved in the liquid metal, it avoids the detached PbO particle fragments from flowing into the system and becoming impurities. It can be applied to lead-based liquid metal solid high-efficiency deoxygenation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] A lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device includes an inlet pipe, a diversion chamber, an outer cylinder, an inner sleeve, and an outer sleeve. The lower end of the outer cylinder is connected to the inlet pipe through the diversion chamber, which has an inverted conical structure. The upper end of the outer cylinder is provided with a lower flange, and the lower surface of the lower flange is provided with multiple positioning bosses. The upper end of the outer sleeve is fixedly connected to the positioning bosses. The bottom of the outer sleeve is an integral sealing plate type, which is fixedly connected through the bottom sealing plate. The outer sleeve has a ring pipe structure and an inner sleeve is provided inside.

[0007] The lower flange is fixedly connected to the upper flange above.

[0008] It also includes a heating element, which passes through the upper flange and the lower flange in sequence and is inserted into the interior of the inner sleeve.

[0009] The outer sleeve has flow holes at the top of the inner wall and flow holes at the bottom of the outer wall, respectively.

[0010] The outer tube is filled with PbO particles.

[0011] The outer cylinder is connected to an outlet pipe on its side wall.

[0012] The lead-based liquid metal flows from bottom to top in the inner sleeve after passing through the distribution chamber. The temperature of the liquid metal is controlled and uniform by the heating element. The ring tube is filled with PbO particles. The liquid metal flows into the ring tube filled with PbO particles from the top flow hole of the inner wall of the outer sleeve and flows out from the bottom flow hole of the outer wall of the outer sleeve from top to bottom. The oxygen concentration of the liquid metal is controlled by the solubility of PbO particles in the liquid metal at different temperatures.

[0013] The PbO particles have a lower density than lead-based liquid metal. The continuously consumed PbO particles and the residue that breaks off float above the annular cavity and react fully with the lead-based liquid metal.

[0014] A method for a lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Temperature control of lead-based liquid metal

[0016] The reaction device is connected to a lead-based liquid metal circuit. The lead-based liquid metal flows into the distribution chamber from the inlet pipe, and then flows into the inner sleeve after being split in the distribution chamber. The fluid flows from bottom to top through the heating element in the inner sleeve. The heating power of the heating element is given, and the fluid temperature is raised uniformly through heat exchange by the fluid flow.

[0017] Step 2: PbO particle dissolution reaction

[0018] Liquid metal at a certain temperature flows from the flow hole at the top of the inner wall of the outer tube into the annular cavity of the outer tube, which is filled with PbO particles; the PbO particles are fully dissolved in the liquid metal.

[0019] Step 3, PbO particle consumption

[0020] The consumed PbO particles and the broken and detached residue float above the annular cavity of the outer tube; the lead-based liquid metal flows into the flow hole at the top of the inner wall of the outer tube and reacts fully with the floating PbO particles; the lead-based liquid metal flows out from the flow hole at the bottom of the outer wall of the outer tube.

[0021] Step 4: Replenish and replace PbO particles

[0022] When replenishing or replacing PbO particles, the machine must be stopped and the liquid drained first, and the solid oxygen control device must be removed from the circuit. Open the flange on the device, pull out the positioning boss, open the outer sleeve annular cavity, clean the remaining PbO residue, and then load in new PbO particles.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] (1) The present invention provides a lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device. The device is equipped with multiple outer tubes. The outer tubes are ring tubes with inner walls forming an inner tube. A heating element is arranged in the center of the inner tube. The lead-based liquid metal flows from bottom to top in the inner tube after passing through the diversion cavity. The temperature of the liquid metal is controlled by the heating element and the temperature uniformity is ensured.

[0025] (2) The present invention provides a lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device, wherein multiple flow holes are evenly distributed on the top of the inner wall of the outer tube, and liquid metal flows into a ring tube filled with PbO particles from the flow holes on the top of the inner wall of the outer tube, and flows out from the bottom flow holes on the outer wall of the outer tube from top to bottom. The oxygen concentration of the liquid metal is controlled by the solubility of PbO particles in liquid metal at different temperatures.

[0026] (3) The lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device provided by the present invention, during long-term operation, since the density of PbO particles is less than that of lead-based liquid metal, the continuously consumed PbO particles and the broken and fallen residues float above the annular cavity and react fully with the lead-based liquid metal, while avoiding being carried out by the liquid metal as impurities.

[0027] (4) The present invention provides a lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device, wherein the top of the outer tube and the bottom of the flange are sealed by a positioning boss, and the bottom of the outer tube is an integral sealing plate. When replacing PbO particles, the flange cover is removed and the positioning boss is pulled out to achieve quick replacement of PbO particles.

[0028] (5) The present invention provides a lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device and method, which can realize the rapid replacement of PbO particles, and while ensuring that the PbO particles are fully dissolved in the liquid metal, it avoids the detached PbO particle fragments from flowing into the system and becoming impurities. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in describing the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments recorded in the present invention. Those skilled in the art can derive other drawings from the following drawings without any creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device provided by the present invention;

[0031] In the diagram: 1-Inlet pipe, 2-Diverter chamber, 3-Outer cylinder, 4-Inner sleeve, 5-Outer sleeve, 6-Flow hole at the top of the inner wall of the outer sleeve, 7-Flow hole at the bottom of the outer wall of the outer sleeve, 8-PbO particles, 9-Positioning boss, 10-Heating element, 11-Lower flange, 12-Upper flange, 13-Bottom sealing plate, 14-Outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device, comprising an inlet pipe 1, a diversion chamber 2, an outer cylinder 3, an inner sleeve 4, an outer sleeve 5, a flow hole 6 at the top of the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a flow hole 7 at the bottom of the outer sleeve, PbO particles 8, positioning bosses 9, a heating element 10, a lower flange 11, an upper flange 12, a bottom sealing plate 13, and an outlet pipe 14. The lower end of the outer cylinder 3 is connected to the inlet pipe 1 through the diversion chamber 2, which has an inverted conical structure. The upper end of the outer cylinder 3 is provided with a lower flange 11, which is fixedly connected to the upper flange 12 above it. The lower surface of the lower flange 11 is provided with multiple positioning bosses 9. The upper end of the outer sleeve 5 is connected to the positioning bosses 9. The boss 9 is fixedly connected, and the bottom of the outer sleeve 5 is an integral sealing plate type 13, which is fixedly connected by the bottom sealing plate 13; the outer sleeve 5 is a ring tube structure with an inner sleeve 4 inside. The upper and lower side walls of the outer sleeve 5 are respectively provided with a flow hole 6 at the top of the inner wall of the outer sleeve and a flow hole 7 at the bottom of the outer wall of the outer sleeve. The diameter, number and arrangement of the flow holes 6 at the top of the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the flow holes 7 at the bottom of the outer wall of the outer sleeve can ensure that the inside of the outer sleeve ring tube is connected to the outside; the inside of the outer sleeve 5 is filled with PbO particles 8; the heating element 10 passes through the upper flange 12 and the lower flange 11 in sequence and is inserted into the inside of the inner sleeve 4; the side wall of the outer cylinder 3 is connected to an outlet pipe 14.

[0036] Lead-based liquid metal flows from bottom to top in the inner sleeve 4 after passing through the diversion chamber 2. The temperature of the liquid metal is controlled and uniform by the heating element 10. The annular tube is filled with PbO particles 8. Liquid metal flows into the annular tube filled with PbO particles 8 from the flow hole 6 at the top of the inner wall of the outer sleeve and flows out from the flow hole 7 at the bottom of the outer wall of the outer sleeve. The oxygen concentration of the liquid metal is controlled by the solubility of PbO particles in the liquid metal at different temperatures. The density of PbO particles 8 is less than that of lead-based liquid metal. The consumed PbO particles 8 and the broken and detached residue float above the annular cavity and react fully with the lead-based liquid metal, while avoiding being carried out as impurities by the liquid metal. When replacing PbO particles 8, the upper flange 12 is removed and the positioning boss 9 is pulled out to achieve quick replacement of PbO particles.

[0037] This invention provides a lead-based liquid metal solid-state oxygen control method, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Temperature control of lead-based liquid metal

[0039] The reaction device is connected to the lead-based liquid metal circuit. The lead-based liquid metal flows into the diversion chamber 2 from the inlet pipe 1, and then flows into the inner sleeve 4 after being diverted in the diversion chamber 2. The fluid flows from bottom to top through the heating element 10 in the inner sleeve 4. The heating power of the heating element 10 is given, and the fluid temperature is raised uniformly through heat exchange by the fluid flow.

[0040] Step 2: PbO particle dissolution reaction

[0041] Liquid metal at a certain temperature flows from the flow hole at the top of the inner wall of the outer tube into the annular cavity of the outer tube 5, which is filled with PbO particles 8; the PbO particles 8 are fully dissolved in the liquid metal, increasing the oxygen concentration of the liquid metal;

[0042] Step 3, PbO particle consumption

[0043] The continuously consumed PbO particles 8 and the broken and detached residues float above the annular cavity of the outer tube 5; the lead-based liquid metal flows into the top flow hole of the inner wall of the outer tube and reacts fully with the floating PbO particles 8; the lead-based liquid metal flows out from the bottom flow hole 7 of the outer wall of the outer tube, avoiding the PbO residues from being carried into the circuit and becoming impurities.

[0044] Step 4: Replenish and replace PbO particles

[0045] When replacing PbO particles 8, the machine must be stopped and the liquid drained first, and the solid oxygen control device must be removed from the circuit. Open the flange 12 on the device, pull out the positioning boss 9, open the annular cavity of the outer sleeve 5, clean the remaining PbO residue, and then install the new PbO particles 8.

[0046] While those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and therefore all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0047] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present invention is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A lead-based liquid metal solid state oxygen control device, characterized by, The application relates to a lead-based liquid metal temperature control device, which comprises an inlet connector (1), a shunt cavity (2), an outer cylinder (3), an inner sleeve (4) and an outer sleeve (5), the lower end of the outer cylinder (3) is connected with the inlet connector (1) through the shunt cavity (2), the shunt cavity (2) is in an inverted conical structure, the upper end of the outer cylinder (3) is provided with a lower flange (11), the lower surface of the lower flange (11) is provided with a plurality of positioning bosses (9), the upper end of the outer sleeve (5) is fixedly connected with the positioning bosses (9), the bottom of the outer sleeve (5) is in an integral sealing plate type (13) and is fixedly connected through the bottom sealing plate (13), the outer sleeve (5) is in a ring pipe structure and is internally provided with the inner sleeve (4).

2. The lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device of claim 1, wherein, The lower flange (11) is fixedly connected with an upper flange (12) above.

3. The lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device of claim 2, wherein, The device further comprises a heating element (10), which sequentially passes through the upper flange (12) and the lower flange (11) and is inserted into the inner sleeve (4).

4. The lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device of claim 3, wherein, The outer sleeve (5) is provided with an outer sleeve inner wall top flow-through hole (6) and an outer sleeve outer wall bottom flow-through hole (7) on the side walls of the upper and lower ends respectively.

5. The lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device of claim 4, wherein, The inner sleeve (5) is filled with PbO particles (8).

6. The lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device of claim 5, wherein, The outer cylinder (3) is connected with an outlet connector (14).

7. The lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device of claim 6, wherein, The lead-based liquid metal flows in the inner sleeve (4) from the lower end to the upper end after passing through the shunt cavity (2), the temperature of the liquid metal is controlled by the heating element (10) and the temperature uniformity is ensured; the ring pipe is filled with PbO particles (8), the liquid metal flows into the ring pipe filled with the PbO particles (8) from the outer sleeve inner wall top flow-through hole (6) and flows out from the outer sleeve outer wall bottom flow-through hole (7) from the upper end to the lower end, and the oxygen concentration of the liquid metal is controlled by the solubility of the PbO particles in the liquid metal at different temperatures.

8. The lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device of claim 7, wherein, The PbO particles (8) have a smaller density than the lead-based liquid metal, the PbO particles (8) consumed continuously and the residues caused by breakage and falling off float above the ring cavity and fully react with the lead-based liquid metal.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the lead-based liquid metal solid oxygen control device is characterized by, The application further comprises the following steps: Step 1, lead-based liquid metal temperature control The reaction device is connected to a lead-based liquid metal loop, the lead-based liquid metal flows into the shunt cavity (2) from the inlet connector (1), flows into the inner sleeve (4) after being shunted in the shunt cavity (2), the fluid flows through the heating element (10) from the lower end to the upper end in the inner sleeve (4), the heating power of the heating element (10) is given, the fluid temperature is uniformly raised through fluid flow heat exchange; Step 2, PbO particle dissolution reaction The liquid metal at a certain temperature flows into the ring cavity of the outer sleeve (5) filled with the PbO particles (8) from the outer sleeve inner wall top flow-through hole; the PbO particles (8) are fully dissolved in the liquid metal; Step 3, PbO particle consumption The PbO particles (8) consumed continuously and the residues caused by breakage and falling off float above the ring cavity of the outer sleeve (5); the lead-based liquid metal flows into the outer sleeve inner wall top flow-through hole and fully reacts with the floating PbO particles (8); the lead-based liquid metal flows out from the outer sleeve outer wall bottom flow-through hole (7); Step 4, PbO particle replenishment and replacement When the PbO particles (8) are replaced, the device is first removed from the circuit, the liquid is drained and the device is stopped. The flange (12) is opened, the positioning boss (9) is pulled out, the outer sleeve (5) ring cavity is opened, the remaining PbO residue is cleaned, and the new PbO particles (8) are loaded.

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