Battery liquid cooling heat dissipation system based on micromolecule structure imitating flow channel design

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery liquid cooling heat dissipation system based on micromolecule structure imitating flow channel design, and belongs to the technical field of new energy power battery heat management. The battery pack comprises a shell and a plurality of battery cells arranged in the shell, liquid cooling plates are arranged between adjacent battery cells, and liquid cooling channels are formed in the liquid cooling plates. The liquid cooling channel is composed of a plurality of flow dividing bodies, each flow dividing body comprises a plurality of branch channels which are sequentially connected end to end, a buffer flow channel is arranged at the joint of every two adjacent branch channels, and the size of an inner cavity of each buffer flow channel is larger than that of an inner cavity at an inlet of the corresponding branch channel. According to the invention, the liquid cooling channel adopts an imitated micromolecule structure design, a shear layer and eddy current generated at the buffer flow channel destroy a boundary layer in the flow channel, and the heat and mass exchange rate between fluid and a wall surface is increased; and meanwhile, the excellent mechanical property of the micromolecule-like structure is utilized, so that the battery cell can be rigidly supported, and the thermal expansion degree of the battery cell is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of new energy power battery thermal management, more specifically, relates to a battery liquid cooling heat dissipation system based on a micro-differential molecular structure flow channel design. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current new energy vehicle field is in a high-speed development stage, and various vehicle enterprises have higher and higher requirements for the endurance and power of electric vehicles. Among them, the research on the thermal management of batteries is particularly valued. In the process of high energy density and high power charging and discharging of the battery pack, a large amount of heat will be generated in the power battery pack. If certain measures are not taken to effectively dissipate the heat, the temperature will be too high, reducing the endurance of the vehicle, and in severe cases, it will lead to thermal runaway of the battery pack. In order to control the temperature of the battery within a suitable range, scholars in the thermal field at home and abroad have invested a lot of research.

[0003] For the thermal management of the battery, on the one hand, the temperature of the battery pack needs to be maintained at 25-35℃, if the temperature is too high, it needs to be cooled, if the temperature is too low, it needs to be heated; on the other hand, the temperature difference of each single battery in the battery pack needs to be controlled within 3-5℃, to avoid local temperature being too high or too low, affecting the normal work of the battery. In recent years, the liquid cooling heat dissipation method has high heat exchange efficiency, high space utilization rate, and high system reliability, and therefore is widely used.

[0004] For the liquid cooling heat dissipation of the power battery, the liquid cooling plate is mainly in direct contact with the power battery; the core advantage lies in using liquid as the heat transfer medium, through the heat exchange medium flowing into the liquid cooling plate, to realize the convective heat transfer with the heat source, thereby maintaining the normal work of the power battery. With the development of rectangular power batteries, manufacturers simplify the battery pack, directly put the battery into it, saving the assembly module link, increasing the space utilization rate, and loading more batteries to improve the rated capacity of the battery, so that the endurance of the vehicle is greatly improved. However, due to the large contact area of the rectangular single battery, heat will continue to accumulate; therefore, higher requirements are put forward for the heat dissipation effect of the liquid cooling plate.

[0005] Through retrieval, in the patent CN117728067A, a power battery liquid cooling plate and a vehicle are disclosed. In the application, a liquid flow channel is arranged in the substrate, and a honeycomb unit is arranged in the liquid flow channel. Based on the structural characteristics of the hexagonal structure of the honeycomb structure, each honeycomb unit can guide the refrigerant to each position in the liquid flow channel in the substrate, thereby ensuring that the battery can be uniformly cooled. When the refrigerant moves in the liquid flow channel through the gaps between the honeycomb units, the honeycomb units can enhance the continuous splitting and merging of the refrigerant, increase the flow rate of the refrigerant in the flow channel, and strengthen the convective heat transfer between the refrigerant and the power battery pack, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery.

[0006] For example, in the patent CN211150728U, a uniform temperature type battery pack liquid cooling plate is disclosed. In the application, a volatile solution is provided in the heat equalizing cavity. When the temperature of a certain part of the battery pack is too high and exceeds the boiling point of the volatile solution, the volatile solution in this part vaporizes and flows to the low temperature area for heat exchange, thereby further ensuring the uniform temperature of the liquid cooling plate as a whole.

[0007] For example, in the patent CN120091527A, a honeycomb type liquid cooling plate flow channel and its design method are disclosed. In the application, the flow channel is in the shape of a rhombic honeycomb. When the medium flows into the liquid cooling plate flow channel from the inlet, the medium can traverse the entire liquid cooling plate with small flow resistance along the honeycomb flow channel network, and the temperature distribution of the liquid cooling plate can be uniform.

[0008] The above applications all relate to technical improvements for battery liquid cooling heat dissipation, but the industry still needs more diverse designs to further improve the heat dissipation effect, especially for some rectangular batteries that are prone to heat accumulation. SUMMARY

[0009] Problems to be solved To solve at least some of the problems existing in the prior art, the present application proposes a battery liquid cooling heat dissipation system using a flow channel structure design simulating a micro-molecular structure, which has better improvement in heat dissipation effect compared to traditional flow channel structures. Especially for high-power charging and discharging power batteries, the problem of high temperature during operation is largely solved.

[0010] Technical scheme To solve the above problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: The battery liquid cooling heat dissipation system based on the flow channel design simulating a micro-molecular structure of the present application comprises a shell and a plurality of battery cells arranged in the shell, and a liquid cooling plate is arranged between adjacent battery cells; The liquid cooling plate is provided with a liquid cooling channel, and the liquid cooling channel comprises a first main flow channel, a second main flow channel and a shunt channel connecting the two main flow channels; wherein, The first main flow channel is provided with a flow channel inlet, and the second main flow channel is provided with a flow channel outlet; The shunt channel comprises a plurality of shunt units, and each shunt unit comprises a plurality of shunt bodies; the shunt body comprises a plurality of branch channels connected in sequence; Adjacent two shunt bodies have a common branch channel, and a buffer flow channel is arranged at the connection between adjacent two branch channels, the inner cavity size of the buffer flow channel is larger than the inner cavity size of the branch channel inlet, so that the entire shunt channel forms a network structure simulating a micro-molecular structure.

[0011] In some embodiments, the buffer channel is a spherical structure, and the first main channel, the second main channel, and the branch channel are all cylindrical structures, and the diameters of the buffer channel, the first main channel, and the second main channel are all larger than the diameters of the branch channels.

[0012] In some embodiments, the diameter ratio between the buffer channel and the branch channel is 1.2-1.8, for example, 1.3 times, 1.4 times, 1.5 times, 1.6 times, 1.7 times, etc.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first main channel and the second main channel are arranged symmetrically from top to bottom, and the diversion channel has a rectangular symmetrical structure, with the two sides of the diversion channel aligned with the two ends of the first main channel.

[0014] In some implementations, in a multi-layer flow distribution unit, the flow distribution unit located in an odd-numbered layer includes N flow distribution elements, and the flow distribution unit located in an even-numbered layer includes N+1 flow distribution elements; wherein, N≥2, and N is an integer.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first main current channel and the top-level shunt unit are connected via a DC channel and a deflection channel; wherein, The number of DC channels corresponds one-to-one with the top layer of the fluid distributor, and the DC channel is connected to the buffer channel at the top of the corresponding fluid distributor. The baffle channel is located at both ends of the first main channel. The baffle channel is connected to the buffer channels on both sides of the split channel, and the baffle channel is provided with buffer channels.

[0016] In some embodiments, a plurality of battery cells are arranged in an array within the housing; wherein, a liquid cooling plate is provided between adjacent battery cells in each column; and a thermal pad is provided between adjacent battery cells in each row.

[0017] In some implementations, the inlet of the flow channel of each row of liquid cooling plates shares a common liquid inlet pipe, and the outlet of the flow channel of each row of liquid cooling plates shares a common liquid outlet pipe. The openings of both the inlet and outlet pipes extend to the outside of the casing.

[0018] In some embodiments, the inner sidewalls of the housing are provided with a plurality of paired support frames, and a receiving space is formed between the two paired support frames to accommodate the inlet pipe or the outlet pipe.

[0019] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling plate adopts a split design, which includes a first body and a second body that are sealed and spliced ​​together, and each of the first body and the second body forms half of the liquid cooling channel. The liquid cooling plate is made of aluminum alloy, and the first body and the second body are processed in half by 3D printing.

[0020] Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The battery liquid cooling heat dissipation system based on the design of a micro-molecular structure flow channel of the present invention, by setting a buffer flow channel, and the inner cavity size of the buffer flow channel is larger than the inner cavity size at the inlet of the branch channel, so that the entire flow channel forms a network structure of micro-molecular structure; compared with the traditional honeycomb flow channel, the shear layer and eddy current generated at the buffer flow channel destroy the boundary layer in the flow channel, increasing the heat and mass exchange rate between the fluid and the wall; at the same time, by utilizing the excellent mechanical properties of the micro-molecular structure, it can play a rigid support role for the battery cell and improve the degree of thermal expansion of the battery cell.

[0021] (2) The present invention provides a battery liquid cooling heat dissipation system based on the design of a micro-molecular structure flow channel. The overall flow channel is rectangular, and the two sides of the flow channel are aligned with the two ends of the first main flow channel. Compared with the traditional rhomboid structure, the rectangular structure of the liquid cooling channel has a higher space utilization rate under the same size of the liquid cooling plate, and can form more branch channels, which is conducive to improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0022] (3) A battery liquid cooling heat dissipation system based on the design of a micro-molecular structure flow channel of the present invention has several pairs of support frames on the relatively inner sidewalls of the shell. A receiving space is formed between the two pairs of support frames to accommodate the liquid inlet pipe or the liquid outlet pipe, which can effectively protect the liquid inlet and outlet pipes and prevent the liquid inlet and outlet pipes from being damaged by force. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery liquid cooling heat dissipation system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery liquid cooling heat dissipation system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly between the battery cell and the liquid cooling plate in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid cooling channel in this invention; Figure 5 Simulation cloud diagram of the heat dissipation effect of the liquid cooling plate on the power battery in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation results of simulation experiment 1 in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation results of simulation experiment 2 in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation results of simulation experiment 3 in this invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 100, casing; 110, support frame; 200, battery cell; 300, Liquid cooling plate; 300a, First body; 300b, Second body; 310. First main channel; 311. Flow channel inlet; 312. Direct current channel; 313. Baffle channel; 320. Second main channel; 321. Channel outlet; 330. Flow branch channel; 331. Flow branch; 3311. Branch channel; 3312. Buffer channel; 400, Thermal pad; 510, Liquid inlet pipe; 520, Liquid outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To further understand the content of this invention, a detailed description of the invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a battery liquid cooling heat dissipation system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design in this embodiment includes a housing 100, a plurality of battery cells 200 are disposed inside the housing 100, and a liquid cooling plate 300 is disposed between adjacent battery cells 200, the liquid cooling plate 300 being provided with a liquid cooling channel.

[0029] refer to Figure 4 As shown, the liquid cooling channel includes a first main channel 310, a second main channel 320, and a branch channel 330 connecting the two main channels; wherein, the first main channel 310 is provided with a flow channel inlet 311, and the second main channel 320 is provided with a flow channel outlet 321.

[0030] The flow distribution channel 330 includes multiple flow distribution units, each of which includes several flow distribution elements 331. Each flow distribution element 331 includes multiple branch channels 3311 connected end to end. Two adjacent flow distribution elements 331 (including those in the same layer and adjacent layers) share a common branch channel 3311, and a buffer channel 3312 is provided at the connection between two adjacent branch channels 3311. The inner cavity size of the buffer channel 3312 is larger than the inner cavity size at the inlet of the branch channel 3311, so that the entire flow distribution channel 330 forms a network structure that mimics a micro-molecular structure.

[0031] It is worth mentioning that the aforementioned adjacent fluid distributors 331 include two fluid distributors 331 that are adjacent left and right in the same layer and two fluid distributors 331 that are distributed vertically in adjacent layers. Furthermore, the liquid cooling channel mimics the "network morphological characteristics" of micro-molecular structures, rather than directly imitating the "micro-molecular structure" itself. For ease of understanding, this liquid cooling channel can be considered an improvement on the traditional honeycomb structure, with each individual fluid distributor (331) being a hexagonal structure.

[0032] This embodiment presents a battery liquid cooling system based on a micromolecular structure flow channel design. Through the configuration of the buffer flow channel 3312, the entire distribution channel 330 forms a mesh structure resembling a micromolecular structure. Compared to traditional honeycomb flow channels, this micromolecular structure flow channel, with its shear layer and eddies generated at the buffer flow channel 3312, disrupts the boundary layer within the flow channel, increasing the rate of heat and mass exchange between the fluid and the wall surface. It effectively regulates the flow distribution within the flow channel, resulting in a more balanced flow in each branch, avoiding efficiency loss or temperature fluctuations caused by fluid inhomogeneity. Simultaneously, utilizing the excellent mechanical properties of the micromolecular structure, it provides rigid support for the battery cell 200, mitigating the degree of thermal expansion of the battery cell 200.

[0033] As one specific embodiment of the diversion channel 330, the buffer channel 3312 is a spherical structure, and the first main channel 310, the second main channel 320, and the branch channel 3311 are all cylindrical structures. Furthermore, the diameters of the buffer channel 3312, the first main channel 310, and the second main channel 320 are all larger than the diameter of the branch channel 3311.

[0034] In this embodiment, based on the guiding biomimetic principle of micro molecular chains, the cylindrical flow channel array imitates the continuous heat conduction channel of the fiber bundle, which has the advantages of reasonable flow distribution, increased heat exchange area, and reduced flow resistance, so as to achieve the consistency of heat flow and fluid flow direction in the macroscopic liquid cooling structure and improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0035] In some embodiments, the first mainstream channel 310 and the second mainstream channel 320 are arranged symmetrically in the upper and lower parts, and the channel inlet 311 and the channel outlet 321 are located at the center of the first mainstream channel 310 and the second mainstream channel 320, respectively, and the entire liquid cooling channel is arranged symmetrically.

[0036] This design, through the combined effects of flow velocity and gravity, effectively directs the heat exchange medium to each branch channel, reducing the power consumption of the liquid pump while ensuring heat exchange efficiency.

[0037] Furthermore, the diversion channel 330 has an overall rectangular structure, and the two sides of the diversion channel 330 are aligned with the two ends of the first main channel 310. That is, as... Figure 4 As shown, the leftmost / rightmost branch channel 3311 is aligned with the end of the first main channel 310.

[0038] Compared to the traditional diamond structure, the rectangular liquid cooling channel has a higher space utilization rate and can form more branch channels 3311 under the same liquid cooling plate size 300, which is conducive to improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0039] In some implementations, in the multi-layer diversion unit, the diversion unit located in the odd-numbered layer includes N diversion fluids 331, and the diversion unit located in the even-numbered layer includes N+1 diversion fluids 331; wherein, N≥2, and N is an integer.

[0040] Furthermore, the first main channel 310 is connected to the top-level distribution unit via a DC channel 312 and a deflection channel 313. The number of DC channels 312 corresponds one-to-one with the distribution fluids 331 located at the top level, and each DC channel 312 is connected to a buffer channel 3312 at the top of the corresponding distribution fluid 331.

[0041] Two baffle channels 313 are provided, located at both ends of the first main channel 310. These baffle channels 313 are connected to side buffer channels 3312 on the side distributors 331, so that each distributor 331 at the top layer has three cold liquid inlets. Figure 4 (The dashed arrow in the middle) can effectively ensure the uniformity of the distribution of coolant in the first mainstream channel 310 to each of the top layer fluid distribution channels 331.

[0042] Meanwhile, a buffer channel 3312 is also provided on the baffle channel 313 to ensure the smooth flow of coolant in the baffle channel 313. The second main channel 320 is also connected to the bottom distribution unit through the direct current channel 312 and the baffle channel 313. The specific connection is the same as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment, the diversion channel 330 includes nine layers of diversion units; wherein, a single-layer diversion unit includes seven diversion fluids 331; and a double-layer diversion unit includes eight diversion fluids 331.

[0044] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, a plurality of battery cells 200 are arranged in an array within the housing 100. A liquid cooling plate 300 is provided between adjacent battery cells 200 in each column to cool the battery cells 200. Simultaneously, a thermally conductive pad 400 is provided between adjacent battery cells 200 in each row to facilitate heat conduction between the battery cells 200, achieving both heat conduction and heat dissipation. The liquid cooling plate 300 and the battery cells 200 can be bonded together with thermally conductive adhesive to facilitate heat exchange between them; the thermally conductive pad 400 can be a silicone thermally conductive pad.

[0045] Each row of liquid cooling plates 300 shares a common inlet pipe 510 for its flow channel inlet 311 and a common outlet pipe 520 for its flow channel outlet 321. The opening ends of both the inlet pipe 510 and the outlet pipe 520 extend to the outside of the housing 100.

[0046] Furthermore, each of the inner sidewalls of the housing 100 is provided with a plurality of paired support frames 110, and a receiving space is formed between the two paired support frames 110 for accommodating the liquid inlet pipe 510 or the liquid outlet pipe 520. Through the provision of this receiving space, the liquid inlet and outlet pipes can be effectively protected to prevent them from being damaged by pressure.

[0047] In another embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 300 is an aluminum alloy plate, and it adopts a split design, including a first body 300a and a second body 300b that are sealed and spliced ​​together, with each body forming half of the liquid cooling channel. The first body 300a and the second body 300b can be 3D printed in half to reduce processing difficulty. Then, they are bonded together using epoxy resin and bolts, and finally, friction welding can be used to ensure its airtightness.

[0048] refer to Figure 5 As shown, the battery liquid cooling system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design in this embodiment has at least the following advantages through the arrangement of the spherical buffer flow channel 3312: I. Stable Diversion and Allocation The addition of the spherical cavity effectively regulates the flow distribution within the flow channel, making the flow of multiple branches more balanced and avoiding efficiency loss or temperature fluctuations caused by uneven fluid distribution.

[0049] II. Extending residence time and optimizing the reaction process The reflux and retention zones within the spherical cavity effectively extend the fluid's residence time, making it particularly suitable for systems requiring longer reaction or heat exchange times. Furthermore, by adjusting the sphere's size and the flow channel's shape, residence time and heat exchange efficiency during the reaction process can be precisely controlled.

[0050] III. Bubble Management and Separation The structure of the spherical cavity not only effectively diverts the fluid, but also generates vortices and reflux zones, which helps to capture particles or bubbles in the fluid. This has a significant optimization effect on mass transfer in gas-liquid exchange.

[0051] In short, combining Figure 5 As can be seen, in this embodiment, the spherical buffer channel 3312 can effectively regulate fluid flow, improve the heat dissipation effect, mixing efficiency and heat transfer performance of the channel, and is suitable for application fields that require efficient heat exchange and fluid processing.

[0052] This embodiment presents a battery liquid cooling system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design. By optimizing the structure of the liquid cooling channel, the boundary layer within the flow channel is periodically disrupted and rebuilt, resulting in a significant improvement in the convective heat transfer coefficient. Although this leads to a certain increase in pressure drop, an optimal trade-off point is found through further optimization of geometric parameters.

[0053] The ratio of the spherical cavity size of the buffer channel 3312 to the diameter of the branch channel 3311 was optimized by CFD simulation. When the diameter of the sphere is 1.2 to 1.8 times that of the diameter of the branch channel 3311, the mixing effect can be enhanced without causing excessive pressure drop.

[0054] Please refer to the simulation experiment below for details. Simulation Experiment 1: The battery pack module is simplified and assembled using a rectangular battery and two liquid cooling plates.

[0055] Keeping the flow velocity of the heat exchange medium constant at 0.02 m / s, the diameter of the branch channel 3311 is 4 mm, the diameter of the first main channel 310 / second main channel 320 is 6 mm, and the diameter of the buffer channel 3312 is increased from 5 mm to 7.5 mm. The highest temperature, temperature difference and voltage drop of the rectangular power battery are obtained by importing the 3D model into Ansys simulation software.

[0056] Simulation results are as follows Figure 6 As shown, when the diameter of the buffer channel 3312 is 7 mm, it has the best cooling and pressure drop reduction effect, with the highest temperature, temperature difference and pressure drop being 28.0423℃, 3.0423℃ and 38.2 Pa, respectively.

[0057] Simulation Experiment 2: The battery pack module is simplified and assembled with a rectangular battery and two liquid cooling plates.

[0058] Keeping the flow rate of the heat exchange medium constant at 0.02 m / s, setting the diameter of the buffer channel 3312 to 6.5 mm, the diameter of the first main channel 310 / second main channel 320 to 6 mm, and the diameter of the branch channel 3311 from 2.5 mm to 5 mm; and obtaining the maximum temperature, temperature difference, and voltage drop of the rectangular power battery by importing the 3D model into Ansys simulation software.

[0059] Simulation results are as follows Figure 7 As shown, when the diameter of the branch channel 3311 is 3.5 mm, it has the best cooling effect and reduces pressure drop. Its maximum temperature, temperature difference and pressure drop are 28.0453℃, 3.0453℃ and 42.5 Pa, respectively.

[0060] Simulation Experiment 3: The battery pack module is simplified by assembling a rectangular battery and two liquid cooling plates.

[0061] Keeping the flow velocity of the heat exchange medium constant at 0.02 m / s, setting the diameter of the buffer channel 3312 to 6.5 mm, the diameter of the branch channel 3311 to 4 mm, and increasing the diameter of the first main channel 310 from 5 mm to 7.5 mm; the highest temperature, temperature difference, and voltage drop of the rectangular power battery are obtained by importing the 3D model into Ansys simulation software.

[0062] Simulation results are as follows Figure 8 As shown, when the diameter of the main channel is 7.5 mm, it has the best cooling effect and reduces pressure drop. Its maximum temperature, temperature difference and pressure drop are 27.0954℃, 2.0954℃ and 36 Pa, respectively.

[0063] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery liquid cooling heat dissipation system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design, comprising a housing (100) and a plurality of battery cells (200) disposed within the housing (100), wherein a liquid cooling plate (300) is provided between adjacent battery cells (200). Its features are: The liquid cooling plate (300) is provided with liquid cooling channels, which include a first main channel (310), a second main channel (320), and a branch channel (330) connecting the two main channels; wherein, The first main channel (310) is provided with a flow channel inlet (311), and the second main channel (320) is provided with a flow channel outlet (321). The diversion channel (330) includes multiple diversion units, and each diversion unit includes several diversion channels (331); the diversion channels (331) include multiple branch channels (3311) connected end to end. There is a common branch channel (3311) between two adjacent flow dividers (331), and a buffer channel (3312) is provided at the connection between the two adjacent branch channels (3311). The inner cavity size of the buffer channel (3312) is larger than the inner cavity size at the inlet of the branch channel (3311), so that the entire flow divider channel (330) forms a network structure that mimics a micro-molecular structure.

2. The battery liquid cooling system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer channel (3312) is a spherical structure, and the first main channel (310), the second main channel (320) and the branch channel (3311) are all cylindrical structures. The diameters of the buffer channel (3312), the first main channel (310) and the second main channel (320) are all larger than the diameter of the branch channel (3311).

3. The battery liquid cooling system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter ratio between the buffer channel (3312) and the branch channel (3311) is 1.2-1.

8.

4. A battery liquid cooling system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design according to claims 1-3, characterized in that: The first main channel (310) and the second main channel (320) are arranged symmetrically from top to bottom. The diversion channel (330) has a rectangular symmetrical structure, and the two sides of the diversion channel (330) are aligned with the two ends of the first main channel (310).

5. A battery liquid cooling system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the multi-layer flow distribution unit, the flow distribution unit located in the odd-numbered layer includes N flow distribution elements (331), and the flow distribution unit located in the even-numbered layer includes N+1 flow distribution elements (331); where N≥2 and N is an integer.

6. A battery liquid cooling system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first main current channel (310) is connected to the top-level shunt unit via a DC channel (312) and a deflection channel (313); wherein, The number of the DC channels (312) corresponds one-to-one with the top layer of the fluid distribution (331), and the DC channel (312) is connected to the buffer channel (3312) at the top of the corresponding fluid distribution (331). The baffle channel (313) is located at both ends of the first main channel (310). The baffle channel (313) is connected to the buffer channel (3312) on the two side distributors (331) respectively, and the baffle channel (313) is provided with the buffer channel (3312).

7. A battery liquid cooling system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several battery cells (200) are arranged in an array within a housing (100); wherein, a liquid cooling plate (300) is provided between adjacent battery cells (200) in each column; and a thermal pad (400) is provided between adjacent battery cells (200) in each row.

8. A battery liquid cooling system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each row of liquid cooling plates (300) shares a liquid inlet pipe (510) for its flow channel inlet (311) and a liquid outlet pipe (520) for its flow channel outlet (321). The opening ends of the liquid inlet pipe (510) and the liquid outlet pipe (520) both extend to the outside of the shell (100).

9. A battery liquid cooling system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The shell (100) is provided with several pairs of support frames (110) on the opposite inner sidewalls, and a receiving space is formed between the two pairs of support frames (110) for accommodating the liquid inlet pipe (510) or the liquid outlet pipe (520).

10. A battery liquid cooling system based on a micro-molecular structure flow channel design according to claim 9, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate (300) adopts a split design, which includes a first body (300a) and a second body (300b) that are sealed and spliced ​​together, and each of the first body (300a) and the second body (300b) forms half of the liquid cooling channel. The liquid cooling plate (300) is an aluminum alloy plate, and the first body (300a) and the second body (300b) are processed in half by 3D printing.

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