Motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a motor, a compressor and refrigeration equipment, and relates to the technical field of motors, the motor comprises a stator core, an insulating end plate, a winding and a busbar module, the busbar module comprises an injection molding body, phase conducting rings which are embedded in the injection molding body and respectively correspond to each phase winding, binding posts which are arranged on each phase conducting ring, and neutral conducting rings which are additionally arranged under a star connection method; the binding posts are conductively connected with the conducting rings of all phases respectively and are led out of the motor; the phase conducting rings or the neutral conducting rings are provided with welding pieces, wire heads or wire tails of the enameled wires are connected to the corresponding welding pieces, the injection molding bodies are fixed to the insulating end plates, and the conducting rings of different phases are isolated by the injection molding bodies and are electrically insulated from one another. According to the invention, through the design of integrated and parameterized busbars, the production efficiency of the motor stator is improved, and the production efficiency can be synchronously and automatically realized, so that the reject ratio of manual operation is reduced, and the stator process quality is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric machines, in particular to an electric machine, a compressor and a refrigeration device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the in-depth promotion of energy saving and emission reduction and intelligent manufacturing, high-efficiency variable frequency electric machines are increasingly widely used in the fields of air conditioner compressors, new energy vehicles, industrial servo, etc.

[0003] Among them, multi-slot concentrated winding electric machines (such as 15-slot 10-pole, 18-slot 12-pole, etc.) have become the mainstream structure of small and medium-sized high-efficiency electric machines due to their high slot fill rate, low copper loss, and easy automation of wire embedding. Such electric machines usually use multiple strands of enameled wire to wind, and each phase contains multiple concentrated coils, resulting in the need to handle multiple wire heads and wire tails for each phase. However, during the manufacturing process of the stator, the electrical connection of the winding end becomes a key bottleneck that restricts automated production. Taking a typical 15-slot 10-pole three-phase concentrated winding electric machine as an example, each phase contains 5 coils, resulting in 5 wire-in ends and 5 wire-out ends. Under star connection, the 5 wire-out ends need to be collected to the neutral point, and the 5 wire-in ends are respectively led out as U, V, and W phase terminals. The traditional process relies on manual scraping of enameled wire insulation, twisting wire heads, and connecting to lead wires or terminals through soldering.

[0004] To solve the above problems, various alternative solutions have been tried in the industry. For example, some solutions use discrete metal terminal plates to weld each phase wire head to a pre-installed terminal, but they still require a lot of manual operation, and the insulation between terminals relies on additional sleeves or tapes, resulting in a loose structure and large space occupation. In addition, the existing connection structure is difficult to be universally used for electric machine platforms with different slot numbers, pole numbers or phase numbers, resulting in the need to develop special connection components for each electric machine, which is high in mold cost and long in development cycle. SUMMARY

[0005] The main purpose of the present application is to provide an electric machine, a compressor and a refrigeration device, which aims to improve the production efficiency of the stator of the electric machine through the design of integrated and parameterized busbars, and to reduce the failure rate of manual operation and improve the stator process quality through automation.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the electric machine provided by the present application comprises:

[0007] a stator core; an insulating end plate arranged at the end of the stator core; a winding made of enameled wire wound on the insulating end plate, each phase winding comprising multiple wire heads and / or wire tails; and A bus module is fixed to the insulating end plate; the bus module includes an injection molded body and phase conductive rings corresponding to each phase winding embedded in the injection molded body, terminals disposed on each phase conductive ring, and an additional neutral conductive ring in the star connection method; the terminals are electrically connected to each phase conductive ring and are used to lead out to the outside of the motor; The phase conductive ring or the neutral conductive ring is provided with a welding piece, the end of the enameled wire or the end of the wire is connected to the corresponding welding piece, the injection molded body is fixed to the insulating end plate, and the phase conductive rings of different phases are isolated by the injection molded body and electrically insulated from each other; Wherein, the number of slots of the motor is Q, the number of poles is P, and the number of phases is m, where m ≥ 2 and is an integer; the number of terminals is K1, the number of phase conductive rings is K2, the number of welding tabs on each phase conductive ring is K3, and the number of welding tabs on the neutral conductive ring is K4; then: When the winding connection is star: K1=m, K2=m, m K3+K4=2 Q, and K4=m K3; When the winding connection is delta: K1=m, K2=m, m K3=2 Q / n, and n=1 or n=P / 2.

[0008] In one embodiment, the phase conductive ring has a notch, and the terminal is disposed at the edge of the notch; and the phase conductive rings are structurally identical to each other.

[0009] In one embodiment, multiple phase conductive rings are stacked axially; the terminals on each phase conductive ring are located within the circumferential area defined by the notch of the uppermost phase conductive ring.

[0010] In one embodiment, the angle of the notch is α, where α = 360° / K3.

[0011] In one embodiment, the welding piece has a U-shaped bent structure, and its opening direction is arranged in the same direction in the circumferential direction.

[0012] In one embodiment, the welding piece includes a connecting section extending along and fixedly connected to the plane of the phase conductive ring, an extension section extending upward from one end of the connecting section, and a bent section bending circumferentially away from the center of the phase conductive ring from the top of the extension section, the bent section forming a U-shaped opening for receiving an enameled wire.

[0013] In one embodiment, the terminal block has a U-shaped bend structure with its opening direction arranged in the same direction in the circumferential direction. The opening direction of the terminal block is opposite to or the same as the opening direction of the welding piece of each phase conductive ring or the neutral conductive ring.

[0014] In one embodiment, the injection-molded body is fixed to the insulating end plate by a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0015] In one embodiment, the head or tail of the enameled wire is connected to the corresponding solder piece by crimping, hot melting, or soldering.

[0016] The present invention also proposes a compressor comprising a motor as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0017] The present invention also proposes a refrigeration device, including a compressor as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0018] This invention addresses the technical challenges of multi-slot, pole-concentrated winding motors, such as the large number of enameled wire ends due to multiple coils per phase, low efficiency caused by traditional manual soldering, unreliable connections, and the inability to automate production. Specifically, the phase conductor rings corresponding to each phase winding, the terminals for external leads, and the additional neutral conductor ring (in star connections), along with their solder tabs, are encapsulated within an insulating injection molded body and fixed to the stator insulating end plate. The number of solder tabs is determined by the relationship between the number of motor slots (Q), poles (P), and phases (m). This allows all enameled wire ends (wire heads and / or tails) to be connected to pre-set solder tabs. This avoids the uncontrollability of manual soldering and supports automated connection methods such as crimping, hot-melt welding, or soldering. Simultaneously, the injection molded body provides reliable axial and radial insulation between the conductor rings, ensuring electrical safety. This solution effectively solves the problems of chaotic multi-wire connection, unstable quality, and hindered automation, improving production efficiency, product consistency, and the long-term reliability of the motor. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the compressor provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a bus module according to an embodiment; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a star connection with an additional neutral conductive ring; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the phase conduction ring provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the neutral conductive ring provided by the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of icon numbers: 100. Stator core; 200. Insulating end plate; 300. Busbar module; 310. Injection molded body; 320. Phase conductive ring; 321. Notch; 322. Circumferential area; 330. Neutral conductive ring; 340. Terminal post; 350. Welding piece; 351. Connecting section; 352. Extension section; 353. Bending section; 353a. U-shaped opening; 360. Snap-fit ​​structure; C. Circumferential.

[0022] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0025] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0026] As mentioned in the background, centralized winding motors are becoming increasingly prevalent in variable frequency motors due to their high power density and high automation production efficiency. With the expansion of the variable frequency air conditioning market, centralized winding motors are also being used more and more in variable frequency compressors; therefore, the cost-effectiveness of centralized winding motors is crucial for market competitiveness.

[0027] In the design of centralized winding motors, the multi-slot pole design can effectively reduce the amount of copper and magnets used, improving the motor's cost-effectiveness. However, in multi-slot pole motors, when the windings are connected in series, the wire diameter is too large, making winding impossible. When the windings are connected in parallel, the number of wire ends increases significantly, increasing the complexity of the stator manufacturing process and reducing production efficiency. Therefore, improving the stator manufacturability of multi-slot pole motors is particularly important.

[0028] Therefore, the present invention proposes an electric motor, a compressor, and a refrigeration device.

[0029] Please see Figures 1 to 5In one embodiment of the present invention, the motor includes a stator core 100, an insulating end plate 200, windings, and a bus module 300. The insulating end plate 200 is disposed at the end of the stator core 100. The windings are made of enameled wire wound on the insulating end plate 200, and each phase includes multiple coils, thereby forming multiple wire ends and / or wire tails. The bus module 300 is fixed on the insulating end plate 200. The bus module 300 includes an injection-molded body 310 and phase conductive rings 320 corresponding to each phase winding embedded in the injection-molded body 310, terminals 340 disposed on each phase conductive ring 320, and a neutral conductive ring 330 additionally disposed in the star connection. The terminals 340 are connected to each phase winding. Each phase conductive ring 320 is electrically connected and used to lead out to the outside of the motor; a welding piece 350 is provided on the phase conductive ring 320 or the neutral conductive ring 330, and the end or tail of the enameled wire is connected to the corresponding welding piece 350. The injection molded body 310 is fixed to the insulating end plate 200, and the phase conductive rings 320 of different phases are isolated by the injection molded body 310 and electrically insulated from each other; wherein, the number of slots of the motor is Q, the number of poles is P, and the number of phases is m, where m≥2 and is an integer; the number of terminals 340 is K1, the number of phase conductive rings 320 is K2, the number of welding pieces 350 on each phase conductive ring 320 is K3, and the number of welding pieces 350 on the neutral conductive ring 330 is K4; then: When the winding connection is star: K1=m, K2=m, m K3+K4=2 Q, and K4=m K3; When the winding connection is delta: K1=m, K2=m, m K3=2 Q / n, and n=1 or n=P / 2.

[0030] The stator core 100 refers to a ring-shaped magnetic circuit structure made of multiple silicon steel sheets stacked together. Multiple teeth and slots are provided on its inner circumference to support the windings and guide the alternating magnetic flux during motor operation. The insulating end plate 200 is a ring-shaped or segmented insulating component made of high-temperature resistant engineering plastics, etc., installed at at least one end of the stator core 100; it isolates the enameled wire windings from the conductive stator core 100 to prevent short circuits; it also serves as the winding skeleton for the concentrated windings; and it provides structures such as clips, stops, or positioning holes to fix the busbar module 300, ensuring its precise circumferential C and axial positions.

[0031] A winding refers to a collection of coils consisting of one or more strands of enameled wire wound in a concentrated winding manner on an insulated end plate 200. It is divided into multiple phase windings according to the number of phases m (m≥2). Each phase winding contains multiple independent coils (the number is determined by the slot-pole configuration), thus forming multiple lead ends (starting ends) and / or tail ends (terminating ends) that need to be led out. When the winding is energized, it generates a rotating magnetic field, realizing the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy.

[0032] The bus module 300 is integrally formed from the injection-molded body 310 and the metal conductive components embedded therein, and is fixed on the insulating end plate 200. It is used to replace traditional manual soldering and realize a reliable and automated electrical connection between the end of the enameled wire and the external power lead.

[0033] The injection-molded body 310 refers to the structural body formed by injection molding of insulating engineering plastic. It has embedded phase conductive rings 320, terminals 340 and neutral conductive rings 330 (additionally set in star connection). Its function is to firmly encapsulate each metal conductive component and maintain the preset spatial position; secondly, to provide axial and radial electrical insulation between different phase conductive rings 320 to prevent phase-to-phase short circuits; and thirdly, to achieve tool-free, high-precision mechanical fixation with the insulating end plate 200 through structures such as snaps, bosses or grooves.

[0034] Phase conductive rings 320 refer to the annular or sector-shaped conductive components in the bus module 300 corresponding to the windings of phases 1 to m, respectively. They are usually made of copper or copper alloy. Their function is to collect the wire ends or tails of all coils in the same phase, forming a unified potential node, and then lead them outward through the terminal 340. The number of phase conductive rings 320 is always m, corresponding one-to-one with the number of phases of the motor.

[0035] Terminal 340 refers to the columnar or sheet-shaped conductive terminal extending from the conductive ring 320 of each phase, used to connect the external leads of the motor (such as power lines or controller cables); the number of them is K1, K1=m, one per phase, to ensure that the three-phase (or multi-phase) power supply can be independently connected, which is convenient for automated crimping or plugging.

[0036] The neutral conducting ring 330 refers to an independent conducting ring additionally set in a star connection, used to collect the wire ends (or wire heads) of all m-phase windings to form an electrical neutral point; it does not have a terminal 340, is not led out externally, and only completes the multi-phase common connection internally. This ring does not exist in a delta connection.

[0037] The welding tab 350 refers to a sheet-like connecting terminal extending from the phase conductive ring 320 or the neutral conductive ring 330, used for directly connecting the wire head or tail of the enameled wire; its quantity is limited by the formula: in a star connection, each phase conductive ring 320 is provided with K3 welding tabs 350, and each neutral conductive ring 330 is provided with K4 = m K3 items, and satisfying m K3+K4=2 Q; In a delta connection, each phase conductor loop is set to 320m. K3=2 Q / n pieces (n=1 or n=P / 2). These correspond to parallel (n=1) and series (n=P / 2) configurations, respectively. The position and number of the 350 welding pieces correspond one-to-one with the winding topology, ensuring that all enameled wire ends have standard interfaces to support non-soldering automated processes such as crimping, hot-melt, or soldering.

[0038] Take a 15-slot, 10-pole, three-phase motor as an example.

[0039] Number of slots Q=15, number of poles P=10, number of pole pairs P / 2=5, number of phases m=3 (U / V / W three-phase). Concentrated windings are used, with one coil per slot and Q / m=15 / 3=5 coils allocated to each phase; Each coil has two ends (inlet and outlet), therefore: the entire winding has a total of 15×2=30 enameled wire ends; each phase has 5×2=10 ends (5 inlet and 5 outlet).

[0040] In a star connection (Y connection), K1=m, K2=m, m K3+K4=2 Q, and K4=m K3; Substituting Q=15, m=3; then: K1=3 (3 terminals 340 (1 each for U / V / W), K2=3 (3 phase conductive rings 320 (1 each for U / V / W), K3=5 (5 solder pieces 350 on each phase conductive ring 320), K4=15 (15 solder pieces 350 on the neutral conductive ring 330).

[0041] That is, each phase conductor ring 320 has 5 solder tabs 350 (K3=5): connecting the wire ends of the 5 coils in that phase (as phase leads); the neutral conductor ring 330 has 15 solder tabs 350 (K4=15): connecting the wire ends of all 15 coils (3 phases × 5 ends = 15); all 30 wire ends are fully allocated. In a star connection, regardless of whether the windings are connected in series or parallel, as long as "one common point + one lead point per phase" is ultimately formed, the above relationship holds true.

[0042] In a delta connection (without a 330° neutral ring), K1=m, K2=m, m K3=2 Q / n, and n=1 or n=P / 2.

[0043] When n=1, this corresponds to a "multi-coil parallel connection" inside the winding, meaning all coils with the same phase terminals are directly connected in parallel. K1=3, K2=3, K3=10, and each phase conductive ring 320 requires 10 welding tabs 350. This is because in a delta connection, each phase needs to bring out both the lead of its own phase wire and the tail of the wire of the adjacent phase. If all 5 coils in each phase are connected in parallel, then each phase has 5 lead wires + 5 tail wires = 10 terminals that need to be connected to the phase conductive ring 320 (for internal closed loops). The total number of connection points is 3 phases. Each phase conductive ring has 10 welded tabs of 320 = 30.

[0044] When n=P / 2=5 (corresponding to "coil series connection"), K3=2, each phase conductive ring 320 only needs 2 welding pieces 350; this is because 5 coils are connected in series to form a branch, and the whole phase has only 1 input terminal + 1 output terminal = 2 terminals; in the delta connection, these 2 terminals are connected to two adjacent phases respectively to complete the closed loop; there are a total of 3×2=6 connection points for the three phases, but each connection point actually carries two wire terminals (such as the U phase output terminal connecting to the V phase input terminal), so it still covers all 30 enameled wire terminals (achieved through internal series connection).

[0045] Thus, the design allows the same busbar platform to adapt to different electrical requirements by adjusting K3 / K4, achieving modularity and versatility. The above parameter relationships (such as m...) K3+K4=2 Q, and K4=m K3; or m K3=2 Q / n is not limited to specific embodiments such as 15 slots and 10 poles, but is applicable to any multi-slot and pole motor that meets the centralized winding topology. Those skilled in the art can calculate the corresponding K1, K2, K3, and K4 values ​​by substituting them into the formula based on the actual number of slots Q, poles P, and phases m of the motor, combined with the winding connection method (star or delta) and the internal series and parallel structure (by setting n=1 or n=P / 2). Based on this, the number of conductive rings, terminals 340, and welding pieces 350 in the bus module 300 can be configured to achieve complete and omission-free electrical connection at the end of the enameled wire, thereby obtaining the technical effect of high reliability, standardization, and automated assembly.

[0046] The technical solution of this invention solves the technical problems of multi-slot, pole-concentrated winding motors, such as the large number of enameled wire ends due to the multiple coils in each phase, the low efficiency caused by traditional manual soldering, unreliable connections, and the inability to automate production, through an integrated bus module 300. Specifically, the phase conductive rings 320 corresponding to each phase winding, the terminals 340 for external leads, and the neutral conductive ring 330 additionally provided in star connection, together with the welding pieces 350 thereon, are encapsulated in an insulating injection molded body 310 and fixed to the stator insulating end plate 200; wherein, the number of welding pieces 350 is determined by the relationship between the number of motor slots Q, the number of poles P, and the number of phases m. Thus, all enameled wire ends (wire heads and / or wire tails) can be connected one-to-one to the preset welding pieces 350. This avoids the uncontrollability of manual soldering and supports automated connection methods such as crimping, hot melting, or soldering; at the same time, the injection molded body 310 provides reliable axial and radial insulation between the conductive rings, ensuring electrical safety. This solution effectively solves the problems of chaotic multi-wire connection, unstable quality, and hindered automation. It achieves standardized interfaces from enameled wire to external leads, high-reliability conduction, and fully automated assembly, thereby improving production efficiency, product consistency, and the long-term reliability of motor operation.

[0047] Specifically, in the traditional method, the process involves multiple discrete steps and multiple parts, from enameled wire to manual stranding, welding, insulating tubing, binding and fixing, and finally connecting the leads. This solution integrates the conductive ring, terminal block 340, welding piece 350, and insulator into a single bus module 300 through injection molding, reducing the number of parts and simplifying the assembly process. By defining parameters, the module is ensured to be compatible with various motor specifications, thus enabling automated assembly. In other words, this solution, through the adoption of an integrated and parameterized bus structure, improves the production efficiency of motor stators and further reduces defect rates and improves the overall quality of stator manufacturing by replacing manual operations with automated assembly.

[0048] Specifically, to improve the versatility of components, simplify mold development, and optimize the external wiring layout, each phase conductive ring 320 has a notch 321, and the terminal block 340 is located at the edge of the notch 321; and the structures of each phase conductive ring 320 are identical.

[0049] In actual industrialization, manufacturing cost, mold versatility, and assembly tolerance become key factors affecting product competitiveness. If each phase conductive ring 320 requires separate molds to accommodate different terminal block 340 positions, it will increase the number of molds and the complexity of inventory management. If the terminal blocks 340 are arbitrarily placed at any position on the conductive ring, it may lead to chaotic external lead wire paths, spatial interference, or difficulty in positioning automated wiring equipment. By setting notches 321 on the phase conductive rings 320 and standardizing the arrangement of the terminal blocks 340 at the edges of the notches 321, while making each phase conductive ring 320 physically identical, the versatility of components is improved, mold development is simplified, and the external wiring layout is optimized without changing the electrical function.

[0050] The phase conductive ring 320 is used to collect the ends of all enameled wires in the same phase, realizing electrical convergence within the phase and forming the main current path. The notch 321 is a partial opening or cut in the circumferential contour of the phase conductive ring 320, forming a non-closed ring structure. This provides an installation reference for the terminal block 340 and creates a wiring window in the axial stacked layout; it also facilitates injection molding demolding and mechanical positioning. The terminal block 340 is a conductive terminal extending from the conductive ring, used to connect external leads of the motor to provide a standardized external electrical interface, supporting automated connection processes such as crimping and plugging.

[0051] It is worth mentioning that the conductive rings used in each phase (such as U / V / W phases) are completely identical in geometry, size, notch 321 position, and relative arrangement of terminals 340. This achieves "one mold for multiple uses," reduces mold costs, and simplifies the supply chain and assembly process.

[0052] Understandably, electrically, the U, V, and W phases have different functions and need to be connected to their respective windings; however, physically, there is no need to customize conductive rings of different shapes for each phase. By uniformly setting the terminals 340 at the edge of the conductive ring notch 321 and ensuring that all phase conductive rings 320 adopt the same geometric design, the following advantages are achieved: At the manufacturing end, only one set of molds is needed to produce all phase conductive rings 320; at the assembly end, the electrical phase is determined by circumferential positioning during assembly (such as snap-fit ​​alignment and angular positioning), rather than relying on differences in the parts themselves; at the wiring end, all terminals 340 are located at the edge of the notch 321, forming a concentrated and regular wiring area, which facilitates identification and operation by automated equipment (for example, simply connecting the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase wires to the corresponding terminals 340 in a specific order).

[0053] Thus, each phase conductive ring 320 has the same structure and can share the same set of stamping or etching molds, reducing mold development and maintenance costs and lowering manufacturing costs. Moreover, only one conductive ring part number needs to be managed, avoiding the risk of mixing multiple models and improving supply chain efficiency. Even if conductive rings are mixed during handling, the phase sequence can be automatically corrected by assembly tooling, reducing the probability of human error and enhancing assembly tolerance. In addition, the terminals 340 are concentrated at the edge of the notch 321, forming a compact and orderly wiring area, reducing lead wire crossings and stress concentration, and optimizing external wiring.

[0054] Specifically, to improve the centralization, operability, and consistency of modular interfaces of external wiring, multiple phase conductive rings 320 are stacked axially; the terminals 340 on each phase conductive ring 320 are all located within the circumferential area 322 defined by the notch 321 of the uppermost phase conductive ring 320, so that all terminals are concentrated in the same fan-shaped area in the circumferential direction, so that external leads can be centrally connected from a single direction, adapting to the operational requirements of automated crimping or plugging equipment.

[0055] Multiple phase conductive rings 320 are stacked axially, that is, the U, V, W, and other phase conductive rings 320 are stacked vertically at the stator end along the motor axis, and are integrally encapsulated by an injection molded body 310 and insulated from each other. In this design, V, W, and U are arranged sequentially from bottom to top, and the U terminal 340, V terminal 340, and W terminal 340 are arranged at intervals along the first direction of circumferential direction C within the circumferential area 322 defined by the notch 321 of the uppermost phase conductive ring 320.

[0056] The uppermost phase conductive ring 320 is the one furthest from the stator core 100 (or closest to the external wiring side) in the axial stacking sequence. Its notch 321 is used not only for mounting its own terminal block 340 but also serves as a global wiring window, defining the external interface area of ​​the entire busbar. The circumferential area 322 defined by the notch 321 refers to the angular range (e.g., a 60° sector) opened by the uppermost conductive ring notch 321 in the circumferential direction, forming an open "wiring window." This angular range provides a uniform radial and circumferential C positioning reference for all phase terminals 340, avoiding scattered wiring points. Although the terminals 340 of each lower phase conductive ring 320 are physically lower, their axial projection (i.e., the view from above) falls within the aforementioned notch 321 window. This ensures that all external leads can be accessed from the same direction and the same area, facilitating the use of integrated terminals or automatic crimp connectors.

[0057] Thus, although each phase conductive ring 320 is layered axially, it does not independently open wiring windows; instead, it reuses the notch 321 of the uppermost conductive ring as the only external opening, "hiding" all the terminals 340 directly below this window; from an external perspective, all the terminals 340 appear to be located in adjacent positions on the same plane, forming a high-density, low-interference wiring cluster, cleverly utilizing axial space redundancy (interlayer gap) to save circumferential C space (centralized wiring).

[0058] By drawing all phase leads from the same sector area, cable crossings, tangles, and stress concentrations are reduced, facilitating centralized wiring and simplifying external cabling. A single three-phase plug or crimp terminal can be designed to complete U / V / W three-phase connections in one go, significantly improving automated assembly efficiency and supporting integrated connectors. Furthermore, it avoids the need for terminal blocks 340 to be distributed around the perimeter, leaving space for temperature sensors, balance weights, or other accessories, saving circumferential C-space. Simultaneously, since the machine vision system only needs to focus on a single window to locate all terminal blocks 340, the success rate of automatic wiring is improved, enhancing visual recognition accuracy. Finally, the external wiring area is neat and orderly, enhancing product appearance consistency and product quality.

[0059] To further improve the rationality of the circumferential C-layout of the bus module 300, the feasibility of the injection molding process, and the uniformity of the distribution of the welded pieces 350, specifically, the angle of the notch 321 is α, where α = 360° / K3. For example, when there are 5 welded pieces 350 on the phase conductive ring 320, the angle α of the notch 321 is 72°.

[0060] When each phase conductive ring 320 has K3 welding tabs 350, these welding tabs 350 are typically distributed at equal intervals C along the circumference of the conductive ring to match the electrical symmetry of the stator slots. If the angle of the notch 321 is too large, it will weaken the mechanical strength of the conductive ring; if it is too small, it may interfere with adjacent welding tabs 350 or hinder automatic wire feeding. Thus, by relating the angle of the notch 321 to the number of welding tabs 350, the notch 321 can be precisely embedded between two adjacent welding tabs 350 without obstructing any welding tab 350; when the terminal 340 is placed at the edge of the notch 321, it maintains the maximum safe distance from the nearest welding tab 350 to avoid short circuits or assembly interference; the remaining part of the conductive ring still maintains approximately symmetry, maintaining uniform current distribution and mechanical strength. The notch 321 occupies a 72° arc length, which is exactly between two welding tabs 350 (72° apart), resulting in a compact and conflict-free layout. Thus, the size of notch 321 is "just right," providing sufficient wiring space while maximizing the conductive cross-sectional area of ​​the conductive ring, optimizing space utilization. At the same time, the angle of notch 321 matches the pitch of welding piece 350, reducing stress concentration of the metal insert in the mold, facilitating demolding, and improving injection molding yield. Furthermore, notch 321 does not cover any welding piece 350, ensuring that the enameled wire can be unobstructed into all welding points, avoiding structural interference. Moreover, the robot's wire feeding path can be preset to enter notch 321 along the pitch direction, making path planning simple and reliable, thus supporting automated wire feeding.

[0061] Reference Figures 2 to 4 Furthermore, to improve automated assembly performance and wiring reliability, the welding pieces 350 have a U-shaped bent structure, and the openings of all welding pieces 350 are arranged in the same direction along the circumferential direction C. By designing all welding pieces 350 as U-shaped bent structures and arranging their openings in the same direction along the circumferential direction C (such as all clockwise or all counterclockwise), for example, in a 15-slot 10-pole motor, each phase has 5 welding pieces 350. If all openings face clockwise, the robotic arm can make a unidirectional arc movement along the stator circumference, sequentially feeding in 5 wires, resulting in fast cycle time, simple path, and high success rate.

[0062] Of course, other designs can also incorporate staggered orientations for the welding tabs 350. While this requires individual angle planning for each welding tab 350, it distinguishes different wiring routes, improving visibility (different phases using different opening directions serve as visual identifiers); furthermore, the staggered openings allow for spatially staggered and staggered distribution of different phase cables, increasing effective electrical clearance. In some special scenarios, certain production lines employ multi-robotic arm collaborative operations: one arm handles U-phase cable delivery, while another handles V-phase. If the opening directions of the U / V phase welding tabs 350 are opposite, the two robotic arms can operate simultaneously from different sides, avoiding collisions and improving parallel efficiency.

[0063] Specifically, to improve synergy with automated equipment, the welding piece 350 includes a connecting section 351 extending along and fixedly connected to the plane of the phase conductive ring 320, an extension section 352 extending upward from one end of the connecting section 351, and a bent section 353 bending in a circumferential direction C away from the center of the phase conductive ring 320 from the top end of the extension section 352, the bent section 353 forming a U-shaped opening for receiving the enameled wire.

[0064] The connecting section 351 extends along the plane of the conductive ring (i.e., with the same axial height) and is fixedly connected to the conductive ring body (e.g., by integral stamping or welding) at its base. It provides a low-impedance electrical connection path and serves as a mechanical anchor point for the entire welded piece 350, withstanding the crimping force without detaching. The extension section 352 is an upright section extending vertically upwards from one end of the connecting section 351 (i.e., along the motor axial direction away from the stator core 100). It raises the connection point to a height convenient for equipment operation and prevents interference between the enameled wire and the conductive ring body or other components. The bending section 353 is a top section formed by bending from the top of the extension section 352 circumferentially (tangentially) in a direction away from the center of the conductive ring (radially outwards). It forms a U-shaped opening together with the extension section 352; its bending direction ensures the opening faces the external space, facilitating cable entry; and it provides elastic clamping force to help secure the enameled wire. The U-shaped opening, formed by the extension section 352 and the bending section 353, is a groove used to accommodate the end of the enameled wire. The U-shaped opening serves as a standard interface, compatible with automatic wire feeders, crimping pliers, or hot melt welding heads, enabling reliable connections without manual intervention.

[0065] Furthermore, to facilitate automated assembly, the size and / or orientation of the opening formed by the bend 353 are configured to adapt to automated wire feeding or crimping equipment. Specific dimensions and orientations can be designed according to the corresponding equipment, and will not be elaborated here. For example, the wire feeding needle of an automated crimping machine can directly feed the enameled wire into the U-shaped opening 353a along a preset trajectory (such as spiral descent + radial advance), and then the crimping knife presses vertically downwards from above to complete the connection—the entire process requires no visual correction. Standardized opening dimensions and orientations adapt to general automation platforms, shortening production line changeover cycles.

[0066] Similarly, the terminal 340 has a U-shaped bent structure, and its opening direction is arranged in the same direction on the circumferential C. The opening direction of the terminal 340 is opposite to or the same as the opening direction of the welding piece 350 of each phase conductive ring 320 or neutral conductive ring 330.

[0067] Furthermore, to improve assembly efficiency and structural reliability, the injection-molded body 310 is fixed to the insulating end plate 200 via a snap-fit ​​structure 360. The choice of fixing method directly affects the assembly cycle time, structural strength, and feasibility of rework. If screws are used for fastening, additional parts and workstations are required; if adhesive is used, there are problems such as long curing time, poor temperature resistance, and non-removability.

[0068] Specifically, in one design, the injection-molded body 310 has a snap-fit ​​structure 360 ​​at its bottom, such as a barbed claw, which elastically opens and locks after being inserted into the through hole of the insulating end plate 200; in another design, the insulating end plate 200 has an L-shaped groove, and the injection-molded body 310 has a T-shaped rib, which rotates and locks after being pushed in. Both designs use multi-point snap-fits to balance vibration resistance and resistance to pull-out force.

[0069] In this way, manual or robotic personnel can simply press / slide to complete the positioning and locking, achieving assembly in one step; and no additional parts such as screws, spring washers, or cable ties are required; moreover, the buckle tolerance is controllable, ensuring that the angle of each motor busbar is consistent; for example, on an automated production line, a robotic arm can grip the busbar module 300 and press it vertically down onto the insulating end plate 200, and a "click" sound indicates that the assembly is in place, eliminating the need for screwing or applying glue, adapting to high-speed automated production lines, and greatly improving assembly efficiency.

[0070] This invention also proposes a compressor comprising a motor, the specific structure of which is described in the above embodiments. Since this compressor adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated upon here. The compressor is a rotary / scroll compressor in a variable frequency air conditioner, heat pump, or refrigeration system. Directly applying the above-mentioned motor to the compressor not only inherits its advantages of high energy efficiency, high consistency, and long lifespan, but also improves the overall manufacturing efficiency and operational reliability of the compressor.

[0071] The compressor includes, but is not limited to, conventional components such as a housing, motor, compression mechanism (e.g., crankshaft, piston, cylinder, or scroll plate), intake pipe, exhaust pipe, liquid receiver, bearing assembly, and lubrication system; wherein, the motor is the motor as described in any of the above embodiments, and is integrated inside the compressor as the drive core. The specific mechanical structure, fluid passage layout, and assembly relationship of the compressor can be found in well-known technologies in the art, such as rotary or scroll compressors, and will not be described in detail here.

[0072] The present invention also proposes a refrigeration device, which includes a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and a refrigerant circulation pipeline; wherein the compressor has a built-in motor as described in any of the embodiments above. This refrigeration device includes, but is not limited to, inverter air conditioners, and its overall structure and system piping layout can be referenced from well-known technologies in the art, and will not be elaborated here.

[0073] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric motor, characterized in that, include: Stator core; An insulating end plate is disposed at the end of the stator core; The winding is made of enameled wire wound on the insulating end plate, and each phase winding includes multiple wire ends and / or wire tails; as well as A bus module is fixed to the insulating end plate; the bus module includes an injection molded body and phase conductive rings corresponding to each phase winding embedded in the injection molded body, terminals disposed on each phase conductive ring, and an additional neutral conductive ring in the star connection method; the terminals are electrically connected to each phase conductive ring and are used to lead out to the outside of the motor; The phase conductive ring or the neutral conductive ring is provided with a welding piece, the end of the enameled wire or the end of the wire is connected to the corresponding welding piece, the injection molded body is fixed to the insulating end plate, and the phase conductive rings of different phases are isolated by the injection molded body and electrically insulated from each other; Wherein, the number of slots of the motor is Q, the number of poles is P, and the number of phases is m, where m ≥ 2 and is an integer; the number of terminals is K1, the number of phase conductive rings is K2, the number of welding tabs on each phase conductive ring is K3, and the number of welding tabs on the neutral conductive ring is K4; then: When the winding connection is star: K1=m, K2=m, m K3 + K4 = 2 Q, and K4 = m K3; When the winding connection is delta: K1=m, K2=m, m K3=2 Q / n, and n=1 or n=P / 2.

2. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The phase conductive ring has a notch, and the terminal is located at the edge of the notch; and the phase conductive rings are structurally identical to each other.

3. The motor as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple phase conductive rings are stacked along the axial direction; the terminals on each phase conductive ring are located within the circumferential area defined by the notch of the uppermost phase conductive ring.

4. The motor as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The angle of the notch is α, where α = 360° / K3.

5. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The welding piece has a U-shaped bent structure, and its opening direction is arranged in the same direction in the circumferential direction.

6. The motor as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The welding piece includes a connecting section extending along and fixedly connected to the plane of the phase conductive ring, an extension section extending upward from one end of the connecting section, and a bent section bending circumferentially away from the center of the phase conductive ring from the top of the extension section, the bent section forming a U-shaped opening for receiving an enameled wire.

7. The motor as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The terminal block has a U-shaped bend structure, and its opening direction is arranged in the same direction in the circumferential direction. The opening direction of the terminal block is opposite to or the same as the opening direction of the welding piece of each phase conductive ring or the neutral conductive ring.

8. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The injection-molded body is fixed to the insulating end plate by a snap-fit ​​structure.

9. The motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The head or tail of the enameled wire is connected to the corresponding solder piece by crimping, hot melting, or soldering.

10. A compressor, characterized in that, Includes the motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A refrigeration device, characterized in that, Includes the compressor as described in claim 10.

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