Pesticidally active indazole compounds

Abstract

Compounds of the formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1 and the agrochemically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of those compounds can be used as insecticides. (I)

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to biotoxic indazole compounds, such as indazole compounds as active ingredients, which possess biotoxic activity, particularly insecticidal activity. The invention also relates to the preparation of these indazole compounds, intermediates that can be used in the preparation of these indazole compounds, the preparation of these intermediates, agricultural chemical compositions comprising at least one of these indazole compounds, the preparation of these compositions, and the use of these indazole compounds or compositions in agriculture or horticulture for controlling animal pests, including arthropods and particularly representatives of insects or mites. Background Technology

[0002] WO 2023 / 037249, WO 2023 / 285175, WO 2022 / 157188, and WO 2019 / 197468 describe certain fused heterobicyclic formamide derivatives with cytotoxic activity. WO 2021 / 105334 describes certain 1H-indazole-7-carboxamide derivatives, and their cereblon protein-binding affinity was evaluated. Summary of the Invention

[0003] It has now been unexpectedly discovered that some novel indazole compounds possess toxic biological activity. More particularly, some novel indazole-7-carboxamide compounds and their aza analogs exhibit toxic biological activity.

[0004] Therefore, in a first aspect, the present invention relates to compounds having formula (I): (I) Where A is CH or N; X is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; Q is Q a Or Q b , where the wavy line represents the connection between Q and the remaining part of the compound having formula (I); R 1 It is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 cyanoalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy-C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl-C1-C2 alkyl or C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl; R 2a It is hydrogen, halogen, -CN, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, C3-C4 cycloalkyl or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group; R 2bIt is a C3-C4 cycloalkyl group that is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, cyano, SF5, C1-C3 alkylthioalkyl, C1-C3 alkylsulfinyl, C1-C3 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3 haloalkylthioalkyl, C1-C3 haloalkylsulfinyl, C1-C3 haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5 cyanoalkyl, C1-C5 cyanoalkoxy, C3-C4 cycloalkyl C1-C2 alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl C1-C2 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl carbonyl, or optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from the group consisting of: halogen, -CN, C1-C3 alkyl, and C1-C3 haloalkyl; R 3 It is a C1-C3 alkyl or a C1-C3 haloalkyl; R 4 It is pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or thiazolyl, each of which is independently and optionally substituented by a single substituent R. 4b Replace; or R 4 It is optionally replaced by a single substituent R 4c N-substituted oxo-pyridazinyl; R 4a It is a pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrazol-1-yl, or N-linked triazole group, each of which is independently and optionally substituented by a single R. 4b Replace; or R 4a It is optionally replaced by a single substituent R 4c N-substituted oxo-pyridazinyl; R 4b It is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, -C(O)NR 10 R 11 -N(R) 11 )C(O)OR 10 or -N(R) 11 )C(O)R 10 ; R 4c It is a C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, allyl, propyneyl, or C3-C6 cycloalkyl or C1-C4 alkyl; R 5 R 5a and R 5b It is independently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, or C3-C4 cycloalkyl; R 6 It is bonded to a nitrogen atom, and R 6It is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 cyanoalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy-C1-C3 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl-C1-C2 alkyl or C1-C6 alkoxy carbonyl; R 10 It is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, C1-C2 alkyl, C1-C3 cyanoalkyl, cyanoC3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxyC1-C3 alkyl, or C1-C4 haloalkyl; R 11 It is hydrogen, hydroxyl, C1-C3 alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, cyanoC3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C3 cyanoalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxyC1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy; Or an agriculturally chemically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, enantiomer, tautomer, or N-oxide of the compound having formula (I).

[0005] The present invention also provides a method for preparing compounds having formula (I) and intermediate compounds that can be used to prepare compounds having formula (I).

[0006] In a second aspect, the invention makes it possible to obtain a composition comprising a compound having formula (I) as defined in the first aspect, one or more adjuvants and diluents, and optionally one or more other active ingredients.

[0007] In a third aspect, the present invention enables the provision of a method for combating and controlling pests such as insects, mites, nematodes, or mollusks, the method comprising applying to the pest, the site of the pest, or plants susceptible to pest attack an effective amount of a compound, such as an insecticide, a miteicide, a nematodeicide, or a molluskicide, as defined in the first aspect or a composition as defined in the second aspect, to the pest, the site of the pest, or plants susceptible to pest attack.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method for protecting plant propagation material from harmful organisms such as insects, mites, nematodes, or mollusks, the method comprising treating the propagation material or the site where the propagation material is grown with an effective amount of a compound having formula (I) as defined in the first aspect or a composition as defined in the second aspect.

[0009] In a fifth aspect, the present invention makes it possible to obtain a plant propagation material, such as a seed, which comprises a compound having formula (I) as defined in the first aspect or a composition as defined in the second aspect, or is treated with, coated with, or has the compound or composition attached thereto.

[0010] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling parasites internal or external to an animal in need, the method comprising administering an effective amount of a compound having formula (I) as defined in the first aspect. The present invention further provides a method for controlling ectoparasites in an animal in need, the method comprising administering an effective amount of a compound having formula (I) as defined in the first aspect. The present invention further provides a method for preventing and / or treating diseases transmitted by ectoparasites, the method comprising administering to an animal in need an effective amount of a compound having formula (I) as defined in the first aspect. Detailed Implementation

[0011] Compounds having at least one basic center and having formula (I) can form, for example, acid addition salts with: strong inorganic acids (such as mineral acids, such as perchloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, phosphoric acid, or hydrohalic acid), strong organic carboxylic acids (such as unsubstituted or, for example, halogenated C1-C4 alkylcarboxylic acids, such as acetic acid, saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, such as oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, or phthalic acid, such as hydroxycarboxylic acids, such as ascorbic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, or citric acid, or such as benzoic acid), or organic sulfonic acids (such as unsubstituted or, for example, halogenated C1-C4 alkylsulfonic acids or arylsulfonic acids, such as methanesulfonic acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid). A compound having at least one acidic group of formula (I) may, for example, form a salt with a base, such as a mineral salt, like an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt, such as a sodium salt, potassium salt or magnesium salt; or form a salt with ammonia or an organic amine (such as morpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, mono-, di- or tri-alkylamines, such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine or dimethylpropylamine, or mono-, di- or tri-hydroxyalkylamines, such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine).

[0012] In each case, the compound having formula (I) according to the invention is in a free form, in an oxidized form (such as an N-oxide) or in a salt form (e.g., in the form of an agronomically available salt).

[0013] N-oxides are the oxidized forms of tertiary amines or nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds. For example, they are described by A. Albini and S. Pietra in their 1991 book, "Heterocyclic N-oxides," published by CRC Press in Boca Raton.

[0014] The compounds of formula (I) according to the invention also include hydrates that may form during salt formation.

[0015] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" n"Alkyl" refers to a saturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to n carbon atoms attached via any one of the carbon atoms, such as any of the following radicals: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, n-pentyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl, or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl.

[0016] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" n "Haloalkyl" refers to a straight-chain or branched saturated alkyl group (as mentioned above) having 1 to n carbon atoms attached via any one carbon atom, wherein some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups may be replaced by fluorine, chlorine, bromine and / or iodine, i.e., any one of the following: chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chlorofluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2-bromoethyl, 2-iodoethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, pentafluoroethyl, 2-fluoropropyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 2,2-difluoropropyl, 2,3-difluoroethyl Propyl, 2-chloropropyl, 3-chloropropyl, 2,3-dichloropropyl, 2-bromopropyl, 3-bromopropyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl, 3,3,3-trichloropropyl, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl, heptafluoropropyl, 1-(fluoromethyl)-2-fluoroethyl, 1-(chloromethyl)-2-chloroethyl, 1-(bromomethyl)-2-bromoethyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 4-chlorobutyl, 4-bromobutyl, or nonafluorobutyl. Accordingly, "C1-C2 fluoroalkyl" refers to a C1-C2 alkyl radical with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 fluorine atoms, such as any of the following: difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl, or pentafluoroethyl.

[0017] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" n"Alkoxy" refers to a straight-chain or branched saturated alkyl group (as mentioned above) having 1 to n carbon atoms, which is attached via an oxygen atom, i.e., any of the following groups, for example: methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, 1-methylethoxy, n-butoxy, 1-methylpropoxy, 2-methylpropoxy, or 1,1-dimethylethoxy. As used herein, the term "halogenated C1-C" is used in conjunction with the following terms. n "Alkoxy" refers to C1-C n Alkoxy radicals, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms on an alkyl radical are replaced by one or more identical or different halogen atoms – examples include trifluoromethoxy, 2-fluoroethoxy, 3-fluoropropoxy, 3,3,3-trifluoropropoxy, and 4-chlorobutoxy.

[0018] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" n "Cyanoalkyl" refers to a straight-chain or branched saturated alkyl radical (as mentioned above) having 1 to n carbon atoms, wherein one of the hydrogen atoms in these radicals is replaced by a cyano group: for example, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, 2-cyanopropyl, 3-cyanopropyl, 1-(cyanomethyl)-2-ethyl, 1-(methyl)-2-cyanoethyl, 4-cyanobutyl, etc.

[0019] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" n "Cycloalkyl" refers to a saturated monocyclic hydrocarbon radical with 3 to n carbon atoms attached to any one of the ring carbon atoms, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.

[0020] As used in this article, the term "cyanoC3-C" n "Cycloalkyl" refers to C3-C n Cycloalkyl groups, in which one of the hydrogen atoms in these radicals is replaced by a cyano group.

[0021] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" n "Cycloalkyl carbonyl" refers to a C3-C group bonded to a carbonyl (C=O) group. n A cycloalkyl radical, in which the carbonyl group is attached to the remainder of the molecule. Similarly, as used herein, the term "C1-C..." n Alkyl carbonyl, C1-C n "alkoxycarbonyl", "phenyloxycarbonyl", and "benzyloxycarbonyl" refer to C1-C groups bonded to a carbonyl (C=O) group. n Alkyl, C1-C n Alkoxy, phenyloxy, and benzyloxy groups, with the carbonyl group attached to the remainder of the molecule.

[0022] As used herein, the term "C3-C4 cycloalkyl C1-C2 alkyl" refers to a cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl radical bonded to the remainder of the molecule via a methylene or ethylene bridge. When the C3-C4 cycloalkyl C1-C2 alkyl radical is substituted, one or more substituents may bond to the C3-C4 cycloalkyl radical and / or to the C1-C2 alkyl bridge.

[0023] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" n "alkyl-thioalkyl" refers to C1-C atoms linked by sulfur atoms. n Alkyl moiety. Similarly, as used herein, the term "C1-C" refers to the alkyl group. n "Halogenated alkylthio" or "C1-C" n "Halogenated alkyl thioalkyl" refers to C1-C atoms linked by sulfur atoms. n Haloalkyl moiety. Similarly, the term "C3-C" n "Cycloalkylthioalkyl" refers to a 3-n-membered cycloalkyl moiety linked by a sulfur atom.

[0024] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" n "alkyl sulfinyl" refers to a C1-C group connected by a sulfur atom in an S (=O) group. n Alkyl moiety. Similarly, as used herein, the term "C1-C" refers to the alkyl group. n "halogenated alkyl sulfinyl" or "C1-C" n "Haloalkylsulfinyl" refers to a C1-C group connected by a sulfur atom via an S (=O) group. n Haloalkyl moiety. Similarly, the term "C3-C" n "Cycloalkylsulfinyl" refers to a 3-n-membered cycloalkyl moiety connected by a sulfur atom in an S (=O) group.

[0025] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" n "alkylsulfonyl" refers to a C1-C group connected by a sulfur atom in an S(=O)2 group. n Alkyl moiety. Similarly, as used herein, the term "C1-C" refers to the alkyl group. n "halogenated alkyl sulfonyl" or "C1-C" n "Haloalkylsulfonyl" refers to a C1-C group connected by a sulfur atom via an S(=O)2 group. n Haloalkyl moiety. Similarly, the term "C3-C" n "Cycloalkylsulfonyl" refers to a 3-n-membered cycloalkyl moiety connected by a sulfur atom of an S(=O)2 group.

[0026] As used in this article, the term "C2-C" n "Alkenyl" refers to a straight-chain or branched alkenyl chain with two to n carbon atoms and one or two double bonds, such as vinyl, prop-1-alkenyl, and but-2-alkenyl.

[0027] As used in this article, the term "C2-C" n "Alynyl" refers to a straight-chain or branched alkynyl chain with two to n carbon atoms and a triple bond, such as ethynyl, prop-2-alkynyl, and but-3-alkynyl.

[0028] Halogens, or "halogenated," are typically fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. This also applies accordingly to halogens combined with other meanings, such as alkyl halogens.

[0029] As used herein, the term “optionally substituted” means that the group referred to is unsubstituted or substituted by a specified substituent, for example, “C3-C4 cycloalkyl optionally substituted by one or two halogen atoms” means C3-C4 cycloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl substituted by one halogen atom, and C3-C4 cycloalkyl substituted by two halogen atoms.

[0030] As used herein, the term “control” means reducing the number of pests, eliminating pests and / or preventing further pest damage, thereby reducing damage to plants or plant-derived products.

[0031] As used herein, the term "pest" refers to insects and mollusks present in the storage of agricultural, horticultural, forestry, and plant-derived products (such as fruits, grains, and timber); as well as pests associated with damage to man-made structures. The term "pest" encompasses all stages of the pest life cycle.

[0032] As used herein, the term "effective amount" refers to the amount of a compound or its salt that provides the desired effect when applied in a single or multiple applications.

[0033] The effective amount is readily determined by those skilled in the art using known techniques and by observing results obtained under similar conditions. In determining the effective amount, numerous factors are considered, including but not limited to: the type of plant or derivative to be applied; the pest to be controlled and its life cycle; the specific compound applied; the type of application; and other relevant circumstances.

[0034] As will be understood by those skilled in the art, compounds having formula (I) contain a stereocenter in the following formula (I) (Using an asterisk to indicate:) (I ) Among them, A and R 1 R 2a R 2b R 3 R 6 Q and X are as defined in the first aspect.

[0035] This invention considers both racemic mixtures and individual enantiomers. Compounds having the preferred stereochemistry of formula (I') are shown below: (I')

[0036] The particularly preferred compounds of the present invention are compounds having the formula (I'), wherein A, R 1 R 2a R 2b R 3 R 6 Q and X are as defined in the first aspect, and stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of compounds having formula (I'), and their agrochemically acceptable salts.

[0037] Particularly preferred compounds having formula (I') include compounds having formula (I'a) as shown below, wherein X is oxygen, and A, R 1 R 2a R 2b R 3 R 6 Q is as defined in the first aspect, and has the formula (I) Stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers, and N-oxides of compounds of (a), and their agrochemically acceptable salts:

[0038] Having formula (I), (I) ), (I Compounds of formula (a) and preferred compounds having formulas (I') and (I'a) (where A, R) 1 R 2a R 2b R 3 R 6 Q and X (as defined in the first aspect) can be described as compounds having formulas (I-N1) and (I-N2): And preferably described as compounds having the formulas (I'N1) and (I'N2):

[0039] When R 6 It is hydrogen, and has the formula (I), (I) ), (I Compounds of formula (a) and preferred compounds having formulas (I') and (I'a) (where A, R) 1 R 2a R 2b R 3 When Q and X are as defined in the first aspect, they can exist in different tautomeric forms, represented as 1H-indazole (I”-1), 2H-indazole (I”-2), and 3H-indazole (I”-3): The wavy line represents the expression with equation (I) and (I). ), (I The remaining portions of compounds a), (I'), and (I'a) are linked. This invention covers all such tautomers and mixtures thereof in full proportion.

[0040] The particularly preferred compounds of the present invention are those having formula (I), (I ), (I a) compounds and preferred compounds having formulas (I') and (I'a), wherein A is CH, and wherein R 1 R 2a R 2b R 3 R 6 Q and X are as defined in the first aspect. When R 6 When the hydrogen is present, these compounds can exist in different tautomeric forms, as shown above as 1H-indazole (I”-1), 2H-indazole (I”-2), and 3H-indazole (I”-3). More preferably, X is oxygen.

[0041] Preferred compounds (where A is CH, X is oxygen, and R is oxygen) 1 R 2a R 2b R 3 R 6 Q (as defined in the first aspect) can be described as compounds having formulas (I-N1a) and (I-N2a): And preferably described as compounds having the formulas (I'N1a) and (I'N2a):

[0042] Embodiments of the present invention are provided, as listed below.

[0043] In each embodiment of the invention, A is N. When A is N, the portion containing A is a pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine group. In another embodiment of each aspect of the invention, A is CH. In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, A is CH. When A is CH, the portion containing A is an indazole group.

[0044] In each embodiment of the invention, X is oxygen (i.e., an oxygen atom). In each embodiment of the invention, X is S (i.e., a sulfur atom). Preferably, in each embodiment of the invention, X is oxygen.

[0045] In embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R 1 As shown below: AR 1 It is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 cyanoalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy-C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl-C1-C2 alkyl, or C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl; or BR 1 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or cyclopropyl-methyl; or CR 1 It is hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; or DR 1 It is hydrogen or methyl; or ER 1 It is methyl; or FR 1 It is hydrogen.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R 1 It is hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; or R 1 It is hydrogen or methyl. Most preferably, R 1 It is hydrogen.

[0047] In embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R 2a As shown below: AR 2a It is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group; or BR 2a It is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 fluoroalkyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single fluorine or cyano group; or CR 2a It is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, or isopropoxy; or DR 2aIt is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, or 1-cyanocyclopropyl; or ER 2a It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, isopropoxy, or cyclopropyl; or FR 2a It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, or cyclopropyl; or GR 2a It is hydrogen or cyclopropyl; or HR 2a It is cyclopropyl; or IR 2a It is hydrogen.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R 2a It can be hydrogen, bromine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, isopropoxy, or cyclopropyl. For example, R 2a It is hydrogen, iodine, or cyclopropyl. In a more preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R 2a It is hydrogen or cyclopropyl.

[0049] In embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R 2b As shown below: AR 2b It is a C3-C4 cycloalkyl group, which is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, cyano, SF5, C1-C3 alkylthioalkyl, C1-C3 alkylsulfinyl, C1-C3 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3 haloalkylthioalkyl, C1-C3 haloalkylsulfinyl, C1-C3 haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5 cyanoalkyl, C1-C5 cyanoalkoxy, C3-C4 cycloalkyl C1-C2 alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl C1-C2 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl carbonyl, or optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from the group consisting of: halogen, -CN, C1-C3 alkyl, and C1-C3 haloalkyl; or BR 2b It is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, cyano, SF5, C1-C3 alkylthioalkyl, C1-C3 alkylsulfinyl, C1-C3 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3 haloalkylthioalkyl, C1-C3 haloalkylsulfinyl, C1-C3 haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5 cyanoalkyl, C1-C5 cyanoalkoxy, C3-C4 cycloalkyl C1-C2 alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl C1-C2 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl carbonyl, cyclopropyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from the group consisting of: halogen, -CN, methyl, and trifluoromethyl; or CR 2bIt is a halogen, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, C1-C3 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3 haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5 cyanoalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, C1-C2 alkyl, or cyclopropyl; or DR 2b It is a halogen, a C1-C3 haloalkyl, a C1-C3 haloalkoxy, a C1-C3 haloalkylsulfonyl, or a cyclopropyl; or ER 2b It is chlorine, bromine, iodine, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, or cyclopropyl; or FR 2b It is chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyclopropyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl; or GR 2b It is chlorine, bromine, cyclopropyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl; or HR 2b It is bromine, cyclopropyl, or trifluoromethyl; or IR 2b It is bromine or trifluoromethyl; or JR 2b It is cyclopropyl.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R 2b It is chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyclopropyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl, for example, R. 2b It is bromine or trifluoromethyl.

[0051] As shown above, R 6 It is attached to one of the two nitrogen atoms of the pyrazole ring of a compound having formula (I) with an indazole group (when A is CH) or a pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine group (when A is N). For clarity, “R 6 "Connected to a nitrogen atom" refers to one or more nitrogen atoms in the pyrazole ring. Specifically, when A is nitrogen, R... 6 Not connected to A.

[0052] In embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R 6 As shown below: AR 6 It is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 cyanoalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy-C1-C3 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl-C1-C2 alkyl, or C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl; or BR 6It is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 cyanoalkyl, C1-C2 alkoxy-C1-C2 alkyl, C2-C3 alkenyl, C2-C3 alkynyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl-C1-C2 alkyl, or C1-C4 alkoxycarbonyl; or CR 6 It is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C2 alkoxy-C1-C2 alkyl, or C3-C4 cycloalkyl-C1-C2 alkyl; or DR 6 It is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl or C1-C2 alkoxy-C1-C2 alkyl; or ER 6 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, methoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, allyl, propargyl, cyclopropylmethyl, methoxycarbonyl, or ethoxycarbonyl; or FR 6 It is hydrogen, methyl, or methoxymethyl; or GR 6 It is hydrogen or methoxymethyl; or HR 6 It is methoxymethyl; or IR 6 It is hydrogen.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R 6 It is hydrogen, methyl, or methoxymethyl. Preferably, R 6 It is hydrogen or methoxymethyl. Most preferably, R 6 It is hydrogen.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, the compound having formula (I) is a compound having formula (I-N1a), for example, a compound having formula (I-N1a), wherein R 6 It is hydrogen and its tautomers. More preferably, the compound having formula (I) is a compound having formula (I'N1a), for example, a compound having formula (I'N1a), wherein R 6 It is hydrogen and its tautomers.

[0055] In embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R 3 As shown below: AR 3 It is a C1-C3 alkyl or a C1-C3 haloalkyl; or BR 3 It is methyl or trifluoromethyl; or CR 3 It is a methyl group.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R3 It is a methyl group.

[0057] In embodiments of each aspect of the invention, Q is Q a In which Q is Q a In the embodiments, R 5 As shown below: AR 5 It is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 alkyl or C3-C4 cycloalkyl; or BR 5 It is hydrogen, halogen, or C1-C3 alkyloxy group; or CR 5 It is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 alkyl or C3-C4 cycloalkyl; or DR 5 It is hydrogen, halogen, or C1-C3 alkyloxy group; or ER 5 It is hydrogen, halogen, or C1-C3 alkyl; or FR 5 It is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, methyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, methyl carbonyl, methoxycarbonyl, or 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl; or GR 5 It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, methoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy; or HR 5 It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or 2-methoxyethoxy; or IR 5 It is hydrogen.

[0058] In which Q is Q a In a preferred embodiment, R 5 As shown below: AR 5 It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or 2-methoxyethoxy; or BR 5 It is hydrogen, bromine, methyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy, or ethoxy; or CR 5 It is hydrogen, cyclopropyl, or methoxy; or DR 5 It is hydrogen.

[0059] For example, Q a Selected from Q a -1 to Q a -16:

[0060] For example, Q a It is Q a -1、Q a -4、Q a -5, Q a -6、Q a -7、Q a -10 or Q a -15; or Q a Selected from Q a -1、Q a -6、Q a -7、Q a -10 and Q a -15. Preferably, Q is Q a -1 or Q a -15. Most preferably, Q is Q. a -1.

[0061] In another embodiment of each aspect of the invention, Q is Q b In which Q is Q b In the embodiments, R 5a and R 5b As shown below: AR 5a It is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 alkyl or C3-C4 cycloalkyl; or BR 5a It is hydrogen, halogen, or C1-C3 alkyloxy group; or CR 5a It is hydrogen, halogen, or C1-C3 alkyl; or DR 5a It is hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, difluoromethoxy, or cyano; or ER 5a It is hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, or difluoromethoxy; or FR 5a It is hydrogen, fluorine, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, or difluoromethoxy; or GR 5a It is hydrogen; and AR 5b It is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 alkyl or C3-C4 cycloalkyl; or BR 5b It is hydrogen, halogen, or C1-C3 alkyloxy group; or CR 5b It is hydrogen, halogen, or C1-C3 alkyl; or DR 5b It is hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, or methoxy; or ER5b It is hydrogen, fluorine, or methoxy; or FR 5b It is hydrogen.

[0062] In which Q is Q b In a preferred embodiment: AR 5a It is hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, or difluoromethoxy, and R 5b It is hydrogen, fluorine, or methoxy; or BR 5a It is hydrogen, fluorine, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, or difluoromethoxy, and R 5b It is hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, or methoxy; or CR 5a It is hydrogen, fluorine, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, or difluoromethoxy, and R 5b It is hydrogen, fluorine, or methoxy; or DR 5a It is hydrogen, fluorine, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, or difluoromethoxy, and R 5b It is hydrogen; or ER 5a It is hydrogen, and R 5b It is hydrogen, fluorine, or methoxy; or FR 5a and R 5b It is hydrogen.

[0063] For example, Q b Selected from Q b -1 to Q b -13:

[0064] For example, Q b It is Q b -1、Q b -2、Q b -3、Q b -5, Q b -6、Q b -8、Q b -9、Q b -10 or Q b -11; or Q b Selected from Q b -1、Q b -2、Q b -3、Q b -5, Q b -8、Q b -9、Q b -10 and Q b -11. For example, Q b It is Qb -1、Q b -2、Q b -3、Q b -5, Q b -8、Q b -10 or Q b -11. Preferably, Q b It is Q b -1、Q b -3、Q b -5, Q b -10 or Q b -11. Most preferably, Q b It is Q b -1.

[0065] In which Q is Q a In the embodiments, R 4 As shown below: AR 4 It is pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or thiazolyl, each of which is independently and optionally substituented by a single substituent R. 4b Replace; or R 4 It is optionally replaced by a single substituent R 4c N-substituted oxo-pyridazinyl; or BR 4 It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4、Q c -5, Q c -6、Q c -7、Q c -8 or Q c -9: ;or CR 4 It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4、Q c -5, Q c -6 or Q c -9; or DR 4 It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4 or Q c -9; or ER 4It is Q c -1、Q c -2 or Q c -3; or FR 4 It is pyrazin-2-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridinyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 5-carbamoyl-thiazolyl-2-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl; or GR 4 It is pyrazin-2-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridinyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 5-carbamoyl-thiazolyl-2-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl; or HR 4 It is pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, or 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R 4 It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4 or Q c -9. More preferably, R 4 It is Q c -1、Q c -2 or Q c -3. Even more preferably, R 4 It is Q c -1 or Q c -2, for example, R 4 It is Q c -2. For example, R 4 It is pyrazin-2-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridinyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 5-carbamoyl-thiazolyl-2-yl or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, preferably R. 4It is pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, or 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl. More preferably, R 4 It is pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridinyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, or 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl. Even more preferably, R 4 It is pyrimidin-2-yl or 5-cyano-2-pyridinyl.

[0067] In which Q is Q b In the embodiments, R 4a As shown below: AR 4a It is a pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrazol-1-yl, or N-linked triazole group, each of which is independently and optionally substituented by a single R. 4b Replace; or R 4a It is optionally replaced by a single substituent R 4c N-substituted oxo-pyridazinyl; or BR 4a It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4、Q c -5, Q c -6、Q c -7、Q c -8、Q c -9、Q c -10 or Q c -11: ;or CR 4a It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4 or Q c -9; or DR 4a It is Q c -1、Q c -2 or Q c -3; or ER 4a It is Q c -1; or FR 4aIt is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl or pyrimidin-2-yl; that is, R 4a It is Q c -1, where the cyano group is R 4b .

[0068] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R 4a It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4 or Q c -9, for example, R 4a It is Q c -1、Q c -2 or Q c -3. More preferably, R 4a It is Q c -1.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R 4 and R 4a The pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl, and oxo-pyridazinyl rings are each connected to the remainder of the compound via carbon atoms. In other words, R 4 and R 4a The carbon atoms of the pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl, or oxo-pyridazinyl rings are respectively associated with Q. a Or Q b connect.

[0070] In embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R 4b As shown below: AR 4b It is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, -C(O)NR 10 R 11 -N(R) 11 )C(O)OR 10 or -N(R) 11 )C(O)R 10 ;or BR 4b It is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 fluoroalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, C1-C3 fluoroalkoxy, -C(O)NR 10 R 11 or -NHC(O)R 10 ;or CR 4b It is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, iodine, cyano, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, -C(O)NR 10 R 11-NHC(O)R 10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R 10 ;or DR 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, iodine, cyano, C1-C3 alkyl, methoxy, -C(O)NR 10 R 11 -NHC(O)R 10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R 10 ;or ER 4b It is hydrogen, cyano, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, -C(O)NR 10 R 11 -NHC(O)R 10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R 10 ;or FR 4b It is hydrogen, cyano, C1-C3 alkyl, methoxy, C(O)NHR 11 -NHC(O)R 10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R 10 ;or GR 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -C(O)NHR 11 -C(O)N(CH3)R 11 -NHC(O)R 10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R 10 ;or HR 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, cyano, methyl, methoxy, -C(O)NH2, -C(O)NHCH3, -C(O)N(CH3)2, -C(O)NHCH2CN, -C(O)N(CH3)CH2CN or -NHC(O)OCH3; or IR 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, cyano, methoxy, -C(O)NH2 or -C(O)NHCH3; or JR 4b It is hydrogen, cyano, methoxy, -C(O)NH2 or -C(O)NHCH3; or KR 4b It is hydrogen, cyano, -C(O)NH2 or -C(O)NHCH3; or LR 4b It is hydrogen or cyano; or MR 4b It is a cyano group, -C(O)NH2 or -C(O)NHCH3; or NR 4bIt is hydrogen.

[0071] In embodiments of each aspect of the invention, for example, where Q is Q a -1 or Q b -1, R 10 As shown below: AR 10 It is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, C1-C2 alkyl, C1-C3 cyanoalkyl, cyanoC3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxyC1-C3 alkyl, or C1-C4 haloalkyl; or BR 10 It is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, cyclopropyl C1-C2 alkyl, C1-C3 cyanoalkyl, cyanoC3-C4 cycloalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxyC1-C3 alkyl, or C1-C4 haloalkyl; or CR 10 It is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyanoC3-C4 cycloalkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxyC1-C3 alkyl; or DR 10 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, 2-cyanocyclopropyl, methoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, or ethoxymethyl; or ER 10 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, or cyanomethyl; or FR 10 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, or cyclopropyl; or GR 10 It is hydrogen, methyl, or cyanomethyl; or HR 10 Is it hydrogen or methyl? And R 11 As shown below: AR 11 It is hydrogen, hydroxyl, C1-C3 alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, cyanoC3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C3 cyanoalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxyC1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy; or BR 11 It is hydrogen, hydroxyl, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 cyanoalkyl, cyanoC3-C4 cycloalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, C1-C3 alkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy; or CR 11 It is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, C1-C3 cyanoalkyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy; or DR11 It is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, cyanocyclopropyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, C1-C3 alkyl, or methoxy; or ER 11 It is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, methoxymethyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy; or FR 11 It is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, cyclopropyl, or C1-C3 alkoxy; or GR 11 It is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, cyclopropyl, or methoxy; or HR 11 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, or methoxy; or IR 11 It is hydrogen or methyl; or JR 11 It is hydrogen.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R 10 It is hydrogen, methyl, or cyanomethyl, for example, R 10 It is hydrogen or methyl. Also in embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R... 11 It is hydrogen or methyl, for example, R 11 It is hydrogen.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, cyano, methyl, methoxy, -C(O)NH2, -C(O)NHCH3, -C(O)N(CH3)2, -C(O)NHCH2CN, -C(O)N(CH3)CH2CN or -NHC(O)OCH3. More preferably, R 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, cyano, methoxy, -C(O)NH2 or -C(O)NHCH3.

[0074] When R 4b It is hydrogen, which means the corresponding pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrazol-1-yl, or N-linked triazole group R 4 Or R 4a It is not replaced.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, group R 4b Relative to R 4 Or R 4a With the remainder of the compound (i.e., with Q respectively) a Or Q b The connection of the ring is in the intermediate or opposite position.

[0076] In embodiments of each aspect of the invention, R 4c As shown below: AR 4c It is a C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, allyl, propargyl, or C3-C6 cycloalkyl or C1-C4 alkyl; or BR 4c It is a C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, or C3-C6 cycloalkyl / C1-C4 alkyl; or CR 4c It is methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoromethyl, allyl, propargyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; or DR 4c It is methyl, ethyl, allyl, propargyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; or ER 4c It is methyl, ethyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; or FR 4c It is methyl or cyclopropylmethyl; or GR 4c It is methyl or ethyl; or HR 4c It is a methyl group.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R 4c It is methyl or ethyl. For example, R 4c It is a methyl group.

[0078] In a more preferred embodiment of each aspect of the invention, R 4 and R 4a (Depending on the context) Selected from QQ-1 to QQ-17, where the wavy line indicates the relationship with Q. a Or Q b Connection:

[0079] Preferably, R 4 and R 4a (As appropriate) Selected from QQ-1, QQ-2, QQ-3, QQ-5, QQ-6, QQ-9, QQ-13, QQ-14, QQ-15, QQ-16, and QQ-17. More preferably, more preferably, R 4 and R 4a Selected from QQ-1 and QQ-2.

[0080] A preferred group of compounds having formula (I) is represented by the following: compounds having formula (IA): (IA) Among them, A and R 1R 2a R 2b R 3 Q is an agrochemically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, enantiomer, tautomer, or N-oxide of a compound having formula (IA) as defined for compounds having formula (I); more preferably, A is CH.

[0081] Another preferred group of compounds having formula (I) is represented by the following: compounds having formula (IB): (IB) Among them, A and R 1 R 2a R 2b R 3 Q is an agrochemically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, enantiomer, tautomer, or N-oxide of a compound having formula (I); or an agrochemically acceptable salt of a compound having formula (IB). More preferably, A is CH.

[0082] Therefore, the present invention makes it possible to obtain compounds having (I) having substituents A, Q (i.e., Q) as defined above in all combinations and permutations. a With R 4 and R 5 , or Q b With R 4a R 5a and R 5b ), R 1 R 2a R 2b R 3 R 6 R 10 R 11 And X.

[0083] For example, this makes it possible to obtain a compound having (I), wherein A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X is oxygen; R 1 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or cyclopropyl-methyl, for example, R 1 It is hydrogen or methyl; R 2a It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, isopropoxy, or cyclopropyl; R 2b It is chlorine, bromine, iodine, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, or cyclopropyl; R 3 It is methyl or trifluoromethyl; Q is Q a , where R 5 It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, methoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy, for example Q. a It is Q a-1、Q a -6、Q a -7、Q a -10 or Q a -15; R 4 It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4、Q c -5, Q c -6、Q c -7、Q c -8 or Q c -9, for example, R 4 It is pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, or 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl; wherein R 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -C(O)NHR 11 -C(O)N(CH3)R 11 -NHC(O)R 10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R 10 ;R 10 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, 2-cyanocyclopropyl, methoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, or ethoxymethyl; and R 11 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, or methoxy; or R 4c It is methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoromethyl, allyl, propargyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; and R 6 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, methoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, allyl, propargyl, cyclopropylmethyl, methoxycarbonyl, or ethoxycarbonyl.

[0084] This allows the acquisition of compounds having (I), wherein A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X is oxygen; R 1 It is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 cyanoalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy-C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl-C1-C2 alkyl, or C1-C6 alkoxy carbonyl, for example, R 1 It is hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; R 2a It is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group; R 2bIt is a halogen, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, C1-C3 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3 haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5 cyanoalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, C1-C2 alkyl, or cyclopropyl, for example, R 2b It is chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyclopropyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl; R 3 It is methyl or trifluoromethyl; Q is Q a And Q a It is Q a -1 or Q a -15; R 4 It is Q c -1、Q c -2 or Q c -3, for example, R 4 It is pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, or 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl; wherein R 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -C(O)NHR 11 -C(O)N(CH3)R 11 -NHC(O)R 10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R 10 ;R 10 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, 2-cyanocyclopropyl, methoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, or ethoxymethyl; and R 11 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, or methoxy; and R 6 It is hydrogen, methyl, or methoxymethyl.

[0085] For example, this makes it possible to obtain a compound having (I), wherein A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X is oxygen; R 1 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or cyclopropyl-methyl, for example, R 1 It is hydrogen or methyl; R 2a It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, or cyclopropyl; R 2b It is chlorine, bromine, iodine, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, or cyclopropyl; R 3 It is methyl or trifluoromethyl; Q is Q b , where R 5a and R 5b It is independently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, or C3-C4 cycloalkyl, such as R 5a and R5b It is hydrogen; for example, Q. b It is Q b -1、Q b -3、Q b -5, Q b -10 or Q b -11; and R 4a It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4 or Q c -9; where R 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -C(O)NHR 11 -C(O)N(CH3)R 11 -NHC(O)R 10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R 10 ;R 10 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, 2-cyanocyclopropyl, methoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, or ethoxymethyl; and R 11 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, or methoxy; and R 6 It is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 cyanoalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy-C1-C3 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl-C1-C2 alkyl, or C1-C6 alkoxy carbonyl.

[0086] This allows the acquisition of compounds having (I), wherein A is CH or N, preferably A is CH; X is oxygen; R 1 It is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 cyanoalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy-C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl-C1-C2 alkyl, or C1-C6 alkoxy carbonyl, for example, R 1 It is hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropylmethyl; R 2a It is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group; R 2b It is a halogen, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, C1-C3 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3 haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5 cyanoalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, C1-C2 alkyl, or cyclopropyl, for example, R 2b It is chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyclopropyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl; R 3 It is methyl or trifluoromethyl; Q is Q bAnd Q b It is Q b -1; R 4a It is Q c -1、Q c -2 or Q c -3, for example, R 4a It is 5-cyano-2-pyridinyl or pyrimidin-2-yl; wherein R 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -C(O)NHR 11 -C(O)N(CH3)R 11 -NHC(O)R 10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R 10 ;R 10 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, 2-cyanocyclopropyl, methoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, or ethoxymethyl; R 11 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, or methoxy; and R 6 It is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, or C1-C2 alkoxy-C1-C2 alkyl.

[0087] This allows the acquisition of compounds having (I), where A is CH; X is oxygen; R 1 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or cyclopropyl-methyl, for example, R 1 It is hydrogen; R 2a It is hydrogen or cyclopropyl; R 2b It is cyclopropyl; R 3 It is methyl; Q is Q a -1 or Q b -1; R 4 It is pyrazin-2-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridinyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 5-carbamoyl-thiazolyl-2-yl or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, or R 4a It is 5-cyano-2-pyridinyl or pyrimidin-2-yl; and R 6 It is hydrogen, methyl, or methoxymethyl.

[0088] It also makes it possible to obtain compounds having (I), where A is CH; X is oxygen; R 1 It is hydrogen; R 2a It is hydrogen or cyclopropyl; R 2b It is cyclopropyl; R3 It is methyl; Q b It is Q b -1、Q b -3、Q b -5, Q b -10 or Q b -11, for example, Q b It is Q b -1; R 4a It is Q c -1、Q c -2 or Q c -3; R 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, cyano, methyl, methoxy, -C(O)NH2, -C(O)NHCH3, -C(O)N(CH3)2, -C(O)NHCH2CN, -C(O)N(CH3)CH2CN or -NHC(O)OCH3; and R 6 It is hydrogen or methoxymethyl.

[0089] It also makes it possible to obtain compounds having (I), where A is CH or N; X is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, for example, X is oxygen; R 1 It is hydrogen; R 2a It is hydrogen or cyclopropyl; R 2b It is cyclopropyl; R 3 It is methyl; Q is Q a -1、Q a -15 or Q b -1; R 4 It is pyrazin-2-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 5-carbamoyl-thiazolyl-2-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl, for example, R 4 It is pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, or 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl; R 4a It is 5-cyano-2-pyridinyl or pyrimidin-2-yl; and R 6 It is hydrogen or methoxymethyl.

[0090] It also makes it possible to obtain compounds having (I), where A is CH; X is oxygen; R 1 It is hydrogen or methyl, for example, R 1 It is hydrogen; R 2a It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, isopropoxy, or cyclopropyl, preferably R. 2a It is hydrogen, iodine, isopropoxy, or cyclopropyl; R 2bIt is bromine or trifluoromethyl; R 6 It is hydrogen or methoxymethyl; R 3 It is methyl; Q is Q a And Q a It is Q a -1 or Q a -15, preferably Q a It is Q a -1; and R 4 It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4、Q c -5, Q c -6 or Q c -9, for example, R 4 It is pyrazin-2-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridinyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 5-carbamoyl-thiazolyl-2-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl.

[0091] It also makes it possible to obtain compounds having (I), where A is CH; X is oxygen; R 1 It is hydrogen or methyl, for example, R 1 It is hydrogen; R 2a It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, or cyclopropyl, for example, R 2a It is hydrogen; R 2b It is bromine or trifluoromethyl, for example, R 2b It is bromine; R 6 It is hydrogen; R 3 It is methyl; Q is Q b And Q b It is Q b -1、Q b -3、Q b -5, Q b -10 or Q b -11, preferably Q b It is Q b -1; and R 4a It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4 or Q c -9, preferably R 4a It is Q c -1, for example, R 4aIt is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl or pyrimidin-2-yl.

[0092] It also makes it possible to obtain compounds having (I), where A is CH; X is oxygen; R 1 It is hydrogen or methyl, for example, R 1 It is hydrogen; R 2a It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, or cyclopropyl, for example, R 2a It is hydrogen; R 2b It is bromine or trifluoromethyl, for example, R 2b It is bromine; R 6 It is hydrogen; R 3 It is methyl; Q is Q a -1 or Q b -1, and R 4 and R 4a (Depending on the circumstances) Selected from QQ-1 to QQ-17, for example, selected from QQ-1, QQ-2, QQ-3, QQ-5, QQ-6, QQ-9, QQ-13, QQ-14, QQ-15, QQ-16, and QQ-17. Preferably R 4 and R 4a It is either QQ-1 or QQ-2.

[0093] Preferably, a compound having the formula (IA) is provided, wherein A is CH; X is oxygen; R 1 It is hydrogen or methyl; R 2a It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, or cyclopropyl; R 2b It is bromine or trifluoromethyl; R 3 It is methyl; Q is Q a -1; R 4 It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -5, Q c -6 or Q c -9;R 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, ethoxy, methoxy, C(O)NH2 or C(O)NHCH3; and R 4c It is either ethyl or methyl.

[0094] Compounds having the formula (IA) are provided, where A is CH; X is oxygen; R 1 It is hydrogen or methyl; R 2a It is hydrogen or cyclopropyl; R 2b It is bromine or trifluoromethyl; R 3 It is methyl; Q is Q a -1; R 4It is pyrimidin-2-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridinyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl. synthesis

[0095] Compounds having formula (I) can be prepared by those skilled in the art according to known methods. More specifically, compounds having formulas (I) and (I'a) and their intermediates can be prepared as described below in the schemes and examples. For clarity, certain stereocenters are not specified and are not intended to limit the teaching of these schemes in any way.

[0096] Compounds having formula (I) (where Q, R) 1 and R 3 (As defined in the first aspect) can be produced, for example, as shown in Scheme 1. Option 1

[0097] T represents A and R 2a R 2b R 6 X has the same meaning as given for compounds having formula (I), and the wavy line indicates the connection to the remainder of the compound to which T is attached (e.g., compounds having formulas (I), (Ia), (Ia-1), (Ib), (II), (IV), (IVa), (X), (XI) in schemes 1 to 6).

[0098] Compounds having formula (I) can be prepared, for example, by the following method: compounds having formula (II) (where X) 1 (where R is a hydroxyl or leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for example chlorine, and wherein T has the meaning given above) and a compound having formula (III) or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably a hydrochloride or hydrobromide, or a trifluoroacetate, or any other equivalent salt) (where R 1 R 3 The reaction with Q has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I). In X 1In the case of a hydroxyl group, it may be advantageous to carry out the reaction in the presence of a dehydrating agent, such as a peptide coupling agent, for example, carbodiimide, HATU (1-[bis(dimethylamino)-methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxide hexafluorophosphate, also known as hexafluorophosphate azirmonatriazole tetramethylureonium) or propanephosphonic anhydride (T3P®). Such reactions can be carried out purely, either in the presence or absence of a catalyst (e.g., an acylation catalyst, such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)) and with or without the addition of a base (e.g., an inorganic base, such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or cesium carbonate) or an organic base (e.g., triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, or pyridine)) or in a solvent, preferably an organic solvent such as acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, N,N-dimethylacetamide, or N,N-dimethylformamide. Compounds having formula (II) are known, or they can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art. In particular, compounds having formula (II) (where X) 1 The leaving group (such as a halogen, for example a chloride) can be formed by treating a compound having formula (II) (where X is a leaving group, such as a halogen, for example a chloride) with, for example, oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride in the presence of a catalytic amount of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane (DCM) or tetrahydrofuran (THF), at a temperature between 0°C and 100°C, preferably about 25°C. 1 (It is a hydroxyl group). Such methods are known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in Tetrahedron [Tetrahedron] 2005, 61 (46), 10827-10852. Option 2

[0099] Compounds having formula (III) or their salts (Q, R) 1 and R 3 (Having the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) can be prepared, for example, as shown in Scheme 2. A compound having formula (V) (where R...) 3 Q and X have the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), and X 2 (is a leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for example bromine) with an amine or its salt having the formula (XIX) (where R 1 (Having the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I),) processing gives compounds having formula (III), where Q, R1 and R 3 This has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I). The reaction can be carried out purely, either with or without the addition of a base (such as an inorganic base (e.g., potassium carbonate) or an organic base (e.g., triethylamine)), or in a solvent, preferably in an organic solvent such as acetonitrile, within a temperature range of -100°C to +300°C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200°C.

[0100] Alternatively, compounds having formula (VII) (where R) can be used. 3 And Q has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) with an amine or a salt thereof having formula (XIX) (where R 1 (Having the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I),) processing gives compounds having formula (III), where Q, R 1 and R 3 This has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I). This reaction is carried out in the presence of a reducing agent (e.g., hydrogen, or a hydride such as sodium borohydride), with or without a catalyst (e.g., a hydrogenation catalyst, such as palladium on carbon), with or without an acid (e.g., acetic acid, or Lewis acids such as zinc bromide or titanium isopropoxide (IV)), in a solvent such as methanol, or in the absence of a solvent. The reaction can be carried out in a temperature range of -100°C to +300°C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200°C. Such methods for the alkylation and reductive alkylation of amines, and the range of conditions under which these methods are carried out (e.g., in the presence of NaBH(OAc)3 or NaBH3CN, in a suitable solvent, preferably acetic acid, at room temperature, similar to WO2002 / 088073; or alternatively, by using a combination of Ti(i-OiPr)4 and NaBH4, as described in Synthesis 2003 (14), 2206) are well known to those skilled in the art. Amines having the formula (XIX) or salts thereof (where R...) 1 (Those having the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) are known or can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art. Option 3

[0101] Alternatively, compounds having formula (I) can be prepared, for example, by: compounds having formula (IV) (where T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1, and R...). 1(having the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) and compounds having formula (V) (where R) 3 Q has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), and X 2 This is a reaction involving the removal of a leaving group, such as a halogen or a sulfonate, for example, chlorine or bromine. The reaction can be carried out purely, either in a solvent, preferably an organic solvent such as acetonitrile, with or without the addition of a base (such as an inorganic base (e.g., potassium carbonate) or an organic base (e.g., triethylamine)). Such methods for the alkylation of amines, and the range of conditions under which they are carried out, are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0102] Alternatively, compounds having formula (I) can be prepared by: compounds having formula (IVa) (where T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1) and compounds having formula (VII) (where R 3 The reaction (and Q) has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I). This reaction is carried out in the presence of a reducing agent (e.g., hydrogen or a hydride such as sodium borohydride), with or without a catalyst (e.g., a hydrogenation catalyst such as palladium on carbon), with or without an acid (e.g., acetic acid or a Lewis acid such as zinc bromide), in a solvent (e.g., methanol), or in the absence of a solvent. The reaction can be carried out in a temperature range of -100°C to +300°C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200°C. Such methods for the reductive alkylation of amines, and the range of conditions under which they are carried out, are well known to those skilled in the art. Option 4

[0103] Compounds having formula (V) (where R) 3 Q and X have the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), and X 2 (The leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, such as chlorine or bromine) can be prepared, for example, as shown in Scheme 4. A compound having formula (VIII) (where R...) 3 (And Q have the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) Treatment with a halogenating agent such as chlorine, bromine, N-chlorosuccinimide or N-bromosuccinimide, for example, gives a compound having formula (V), wherein the leaving group X 2The halogen is, for example, chlorine or bromine. The reaction is carried out with or without a solvent, preferably in a solvent, with or without additives (such as free radical initiators, like benzoyl peroxide or azoisobutyronitrile). The reaction can be carried out with or without exposure to visible or UV light, and the reaction can be carried out in a temperature range of -100°C to +300°C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200°C.

[0104] Alternatively, compounds having formula (VII) can be treated with a reducing agent (where R... 3 Q has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), and then reacts with sulfonyl chloride (e.g., methanesulfonyl chloride) to give a compound having formula (V), wherein the leaving group X 2 It is a sulfonate, such as a methanesulfonate. The reaction can be carried out in a solvent or in the absence of a solvent, in the presence of a base (such as an inorganic base such as potassium carbonate, or an organic base such as an amine base such as trimethylamine) or in the absence of a base, and it can be carried out in a temperature range of -100°C to +300°C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200°C. Suitable reducing agents can be, for example, hydrogen, or hydrides (such as sodium borohydride), with or without a catalyst (such as a hydrogenation catalyst such as palladium on carbon), with or without an acid (such as acetic acid or Lewis acid such as zinc bromide), in a solvent (such as methanol) or in the absence of a solvent. The reaction can be carried out in a temperature range of -100°C to +300°C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200°C. Methods for the reduction of such halogenated and carbonyl compounds and the range of conditions under which they are carried out are well known to those skilled in the art. Compounds having formula (VII) and compounds having formula (VIII) (wherein R 3 (and Q have the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) are known or can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art. Option 5

[0105] Alternatively, compounds having formula (Ia-1) (where T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1, and R) 1 R 3 And Q have the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), except R 1 (Not hydrogen) can be prepared, for example, as shown in Scheme 5. Compounds having formula (Ia) (where T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1, and R...) 3And Q has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) and can be used with compounds having formula (VI) (where R) 1 It has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), except R 1 It is not hydrogen, and X is present in it. 30 The reaction is a leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, such as chlorine, bromine, iodine or methanesulfonate, to give a compound having formula (Ia-1). This reaction can be carried out purely, either in a solvent, preferably in a solvent such as an organic solvent, with or without the addition of a base (such as an inorganic base (e.g. sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate) or an organic base (e.g., triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine or pyridine)), or in a solvent, preferably an organic solvent such as acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) or N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) or mixtures thereof. Such methods for the alkylation of amines and the range of conditions under which they are carried out are well known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in WO2021 / 083936. A compound having formula (VI) (where R...) 1 It has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), except R 1 It is not hydrogen, and X is present in it. 30 The leaving group (such as a halogen or sulfonate group, for example, chloride, bromide, iodide or methanesulfonate) is known, or they can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art. Option 6

[0106] Compounds having formula (Ib) (where T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1, and R) 3 R 4 and R 5 (having the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) can be prepared, for example, as shown in Scheme 6. Compounds having formula (II) (where T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1 and where X...) 1 (is a hydroxyl or leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for example chlorine) and a compound having formula (IX) or a salt thereof (where R) 3 The reaction, having the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), gives a compound having formula (X) (where T has the same meaning as given above in scheme 1, and where R...). 3 (Has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I). In X 1In the case of a hydroxyl group, it may be advantageous to carry out the reaction in the presence of a dehydrating agent, such as a peptide coupling agent, for example, carbodiimide, HATU (1-[bis(dimethylamino)-methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxide hexafluorophosphate, also known as hexafluorophosphate azirmonatriazole tetramethylureonium) or propanephosphonic anhydride (T3P®). The reaction can be carried out purely in a solvent, preferably in an organic solvent such as acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, N,N-dimethylacetamide, or N,N-dimethylformamide, with or without a catalyst (e.g., an acylation catalyst, such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)) and with or without the addition of a base (e.g., an inorganic base (e.g., sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or cesium carbonate) or an organic base (e.g., triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, or pyridine)).

[0107] The compound having formula (X) (where T has the same meaning as given in Scheme 1 above, R) 3 Having the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) with the known compound (XIII) (where R) 5 Subsequent processing of (e.g., XIII is N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal, also known as DMF-DMA) yields a compound having formula (XI) (where T has the same meaning as given above in Scheme 1, and R) 3 It has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), and R 5 It is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, or C3-C4 cycloalkyl. The reaction can be carried out at -100°C to +300°C, preferably between ambient temperature and 100°C, or in the temperature range between ambient temperature and 50°C, in the absence of a base or in the presence of a base (such as an inorganic base (e.g., sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or cesium carbonate) or an organic base (e.g., triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, or pyridine)), either purely or in a solvent, preferably in an organic solvent (e.g., dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, or dioxane).

[0108] Compounds having formula (XI) (where T has the same meaning as given in Scheme 1 above, R 3 It has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), and R 5 (is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl or C3-C4 cycloalkyl) and hydrazine compounds having formula (XII) or their tautomers or salts thereof (where R is ...4 (having the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) A further reaction gives a compound having formula (Ib) (where T has the same meaning as given above in scheme 1, R) 3 and R 4 It has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), and R 5 (It is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, or C3-C4 cycloalkyl). The reaction can be carried out purely at temperatures between -100°C and +300°C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200°C, or between ambient temperature and 80°C, or in a solvent, preferably an organic solvent such as 1,4-dioxane or acetic acid, or a mixture of 1,4-dioxane and acetic acid. Within this conversion sequence, intermediate compounds having formulas (X) and (XI) can be used as crude products in subsequent steps, or they can be purified, for example by chromatography, and used in purified form for the next conversion.

[0109] Compounds having formula (IX) or salts thereof (where R) 3 (Having the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) are known or can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art. Hydrazine compounds having formula (XII) or their tautomers or salts thereof (where R...) 4 (Those having the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) are known or can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art.

[0110] Compounds having formula (Ik) It can be prepared by: amines having formula (IIIf) or salts thereof. (where R) 1 R 3 R 4 and R 5 (as described in formula (I)) and compounds having formula (IIa) (where A and R) 2a R 2b and R 6 It is as described in equation (I) and X 1 (A hydroxyl or leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for example chlorine) reacts under the conditions already described in Scheme 1. Option 7

[0111] Compounds having formula (Ic) can be prepared, for example, as shown in Scheme 7. Compounds having formula (XVII) (where X...) 05 The leaving group (e.g., chlorine, bromine, iodine, aryl sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, or trifluoromethanesulfonate) reacts with an amine having formula (XIX) or a salt thereof to give a compound having formula (XVI) or a salt thereof. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a reducing agent (e.g., hydrogen or a hydride such as sodium borohydride), with or without a catalyst (e.g., a hydrogenation catalyst such as palladium on carbon), with or without an acid (e.g., acetic acid or a Lewis acid such as zinc bromide), in a solvent (e.g., methanol), or in the absence of a solvent. The reaction can be carried out in a temperature range of -100°C to +300°C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200°C. Such methods for the reductive alkylation of amines and the range of conditions under which these methods are carried out are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0112] An intermediate having formula (XVI) or a salt thereof subsequently reacts with a compound having formula (IIa) to give a compound having formula (XIV). This reaction can be carried out purely, either in a solvent, preferably in an organic solvent such as acetonitrile, with or without a catalyst (e.g., a metal catalyst, such as a palladium complex) and with or without the addition of a base (e.g., an inorganic base such as potassium carbonate) or an organic base such as triethylamine) or in a solvent such as acetonitrile, preferably in an organic solvent such as acetonitrile.

[0113] Subsequently, the intermediate having formula (XIV) reacts with a compound having formula (XV) to give a compound having formula (Ic), wherein A, R 2a R 2b R 1 R 3 R 4a and R 6 It has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), and R 4a In -M1, M1 is a metal such as lithium, or -MgCl, or -ZnBr, or -B(OH)2; or R 4a -M1 indicates a borate ester, such as pinacol ester of borate, or tinane such as R 4a-Sn(n-Bu)3. Such transformations are known to those skilled in the art, and are respectively Suzuki-, Kumada-, Negishi-, or Stille- coupling reactions. These reactions are carried out in the temperature range of -100°C to +300°C, preferably between ambient temperature and 200°C, in the presence of a catalyst (such as a metal catalyst, such as a palladium catalyst (e.g., palladium(II) acetate, 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II) dichloride, or tetra(triphenyl-phosphine)palladium(O))) and optionally in the presence of another ligand (e.g., a phosphine ligand, an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand, or a phosphite ligand). The reaction can be carried out with or without an additional metal catalyst, such as a copper salt (e.g., CuI). The reaction is carried out with or without a base, which can be an inorganic base such as potassium carbonate or sodium hydroxide, or cesium carbonate, or potassium phosphate, or an organic base such as an amine base, such as triethylamine. The reaction is carried out with or without a solvent, preferably in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, toluene, or N,N-dimethylformamide, optionally in the presence of water. If the reaction mixture is heated, the reaction can be carried out under microwave irradiation or by conventional heating, such as heating the reaction vessel in an oil bath.

[0114] Alternatively, compound (XVII) can be reacted with a compound having formula (XV) to give intermediate (XVIII). This reaction is carried out under essentially the same conditions as described for the conversion of intermediate (XIV) into a compound having formula (Ic).

[0115] Subsequently, the intermediate (XVIII) reacts with a compound having formula (IVb) to give a compound having formula (Ic), wherein R 1 It is hydrogen and A, R 2a R 2b R 3 R 4a and R 6 This has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I). The reaction, in the presence of a reducing agent, proceeds essentially under the same conditions as those described above for converting compound (XVII) into intermediate (XVI).

[0116] Another alternative route is to react the intermediate compound having formula (XVIII) with an amine having formula (XIX) or a salt thereof to give an intermediate having formula (IIIa) or a salt thereof. This reaction is carried out in the presence of a reducing agent under essentially the same conditions as those described above for converting compound (XVII) into intermediate (XVI).

[0117] Subsequently, an intermediate having formula (IIIa) or a salt thereof reacts with a compound having formula (IIa) to give a compound having formula (Ic), wherein A, R 2a R 2b R 1 R 3 R 4a and R 6 It has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I). The reaction is carried out under essentially the same conditions as those described above for converting intermediate (XVI) to intermediate (XIV).

[0118] In these different multi-step sequences, intermediate compounds having formulas (XIV), (XVI), (XVIII), and (IIIa) can be used as crude products of the corresponding subsequent steps, or they can be purified, for example by chromatography, and used in purified form for the next transformation. Compounds having formula (XVII) are known, or can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art.

[0119] Compounds having formula (Id) It can be prepared by: an amine having formula (IIIb) or a salt thereof. (where R) 1 R 3 R 4a R 5a and R 5b (as described in formula (I)) and compounds having formula (IIa) (where A and R) 2a R 2b and R 6 It is as described in equation (I) and X 1 (A hydroxyl or leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for example chlorine) reacts under the conditions already described in Scheme 1.

[0120] The chemical process is described in more detail in Scheme 8. Option 8

[0121] Compounds having formula (IIa) (where X) 1The leaving group (such as a halogen or sulfonate, e.g., chlorine) reacts with a compound having formula (IIIb) or a salt thereof to give a compound having formula (Id), wherein A, R 2a R 2b R 1 R 3 R 4a R 5a R 5b and R 6 This has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I). The reaction can be carried out purely or in a solvent, preferably in an organic solvent such as acetonitrile, with or without a catalyst (e.g., a metal catalyst, such as a palladium complex) and with or without the addition of a base (e.g., an inorganic base (e.g., potassium carbonate) or an organic base (e.g., triethylamine)).

[0122] The formation of compounds having formula (IIIb) is outlined in Scheme 9. Option 9

[0123] Compounds having formula (IIIb) or salts thereof can be prepared, for example, in the presence of NaBH(OAc)3 or NaBH3CN, in a suitable solvent, preferably acetic acid, at room temperature, similar to WO 2002 / 088073, page 35, using compounds having formula (XX) (wherein R... 1a (e.g., H, methyl, or cyclopropyl) treats compounds having formula (IIIc) or their salts (where R) 3 R 4a R 5a and R 5b (As described in formula (I)). Alternatively, another reagent system for reductive amination uses a combination of Ti(i-OiPr)4 and NaBH4 (see Synthesis 2003 (14), 2206).

[0124] Amines having formula (IIIc) or their salts can be obtained by biocatalytic deracetamping of amines having formula (IIId) or their salts. This can be achieved, for example, using lipases that are ultimately immobilized (e.g., Novozym® 435), such as Candida antarcticis lipase B or Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase, in the presence of an acyl donor (e.g., ethyl methoxyethyl acetate or vinyl acetate), in a suitable solvent (e.g., acetonitrile or methyl tert-butyl ether), at a temperature between 20°C and 100°C. Such methods are described, for example, in J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 6918-6923 or Adv. Synth. Catal. 2007, 349, 1481-1488. The expected stereochemical result of this enzyme deracemification is known to those skilled in the art and documented in the literature, for example, J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 2656-2665 or J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 3996-4009.

[0125] In alternative methods, compounds having formula (IIIc) or salts thereof (such as hydrohalide salts, preferably hydrochlorides or hydrobromates, or trifluoroacetates, or any other equivalent salts) can be produced by compounds having formula (XXII) (where R 3 R 4a R 5a and R 5b It is obtained by following the synthesis described in Scheme 10, as described in formula (I). Option 10

[0126] Amines having formula (IIIc) or their salts can be derived from intermediates having formula (XXII) (where R 3 R 4a R 5a and R 5b It is as described in equation (I) and Z 3Z3 is -NPhth (N-phthalimide group) or -NBoc2 (N-bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl) group) typically obtained by treatment with hydrazine (preferably hydrazine hydrate or hydrazine monohydrate) in an alcohol solvent (such as ethanol or isopropanol) (Z3 is -NPhth) or with an acid (such as trifluoroacetic acid or hydrochloric acid) in a suitable solvent (such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, or dioxane) under deprotection conditions known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, such as those described in the following literature: Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3rd Edition, Theodora W. Green (The Rowland Institute for Science) and Peter GM Wuts (Pharmacia and Upjohn Company), John Wiley & Sons, Inc., NY 1999, ISBN 0-471-16019-9.

[0127] This type of intermediate has the formula (XXII) (where R) 3 R 4a R 5a and R 5b As described in formula (I) and Z3 is -NPhth (N-phthalimide group) or -NBoc2 (N-bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl) group) can be produced from an alcohol having formula (XXI) (where R 3 R 4a R 5a and R 5b As described in formula (I), it is obtained by photocontraction (which involves treating an alcohol having formula (XXI) with an azodicarbonate ester (e.g., diethyl azodicarbonate or diisopropyl azodicarbonate) in the presence of a phosphine (e.g., triphenylphosphine or tributylphosphine) and an amine (e.g., phthalimide (HNPhth) or bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amine (HNBoc2)). Photocontraction is carried out by methods known to those skilled in the art for inverting stereocenters, as described, for example, in Chem. Rev. [Chemical Review] 2009, 109, 2551-2651.

[0128] Alternatively, amines having formula (IIIc) can be reduced to azides having formula (XXIII) (where R) by treatment with triphenylphosphine and water (Staudinger reaction) or, for example, by hydrogenation using a palladium catalyst in the presence of hydrogen.3 R 4a R 5a and R 5b It is obtained as described in formula (I). Azides having formula (XXIII) can be obtained by treating an alcohol having formula (XXI) (where R) in the presence of a base (such as DBU) with an azidizing agent (such as diphenylphosphohydrazine) in a solvent (such as toluene or THF). 3 R 4a R 5a and R 5b (As described in formula (I)). Such methods are known to those skilled in the art for performing stereocenter flipping and are described in the literature, for example in Adv. Synth. Catal. [Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis] 2018, 360, 2157-2165.

[0129] An alcohol having formula (XXI) can be passed through a ketone having formula (XXIV) (where R... 3 R 4a R 5a and R 5b This is obtained by enantioselective reduction (as described in formula (I)). Such reductions can be carried out in the presence of a hydrogen donor system (e.g., HCOOH / Et3N or HCO2NH4) using a catalyst (e.g., ruthenium or rhodium catalysts with chiral ligands such as RuCl[(R,R)-TsDPEN] (mesitylene) or RuBF4[(R,R)-TsDPEN] (p-cymene)). Such methods are described in the literature, for example in J.Org. Chem. 2017, 82, 5607.

[0130] Alternatively, compounds having formula (IIIc) can also be prepared as outlined in scheme 11. Option 11

[0131] An amine having formula (IIIc) or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably a hydrochloride or hydrobromide salt, or a trifluoroacetate salt, or any other equivalent salt) can be obtained by adding an amine having formula (XXV) (where R... 3 R 4a R 5a and R 5b It is prepared, for example, by using an acid (such as trifluoroacetic acid or hydrochloric acid) and optionally by protecting it in the presence of a suitable solvent (such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane).

[0132] An amine having formula (XXV) can be reacted with a diketone having formula (XXVI) (where R... 3 and R 4a It is a diamine having formula (XLVII) condensed on (as described in formula (I)) (where R) 5a and R 5b It is obtained as described in formula (I). This condensation can occur in the presence of a suitable solvent (such as ethanol or isopropanol) or an oxidizing agent (such as air or DDQ).

[0133] Diketones having formula (XXVI) can be oxidized by oxidation of hydroxyketones having formula (XXVII) (where R... 3 and R 4a The oxidation is as described in formula (I). This oxidation can involve, for example, SO3-pyridine in the presence of a solvent (such as dichloromethane or dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO, or mixtures thereof) and a base (such as triethylamine), or alternatively, sodium hypochlorite in the presence of a catalyst (such as TEMPO / Bu4NHSO4). Examples of such oxidations can be found in the literature, for example in Synlett [Synthetic Letters], 2014, 25, 596 or J. Am. Chem. Soc. [Journal of the American Chemical Society] 1990, 112, 5290-5313.

[0134] Hydroxyketones having formula (XXVII) can be derived from aldehydes having formula (XXIX) (where R... 4a (as described in formula (I)) and an aldehyde having formula (XXVIII) (where R) 3 It is synthesized by cross-benzoin condensation between (as described in formula (I)).

[0135] Aldehydes of formula (XXVIII) are commercially available in chiral form, such as Boc-L-propanal (CAS 79069-50-4) or N-[(1S)-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamate tert-butyl ester (CAS 881902-36-9). Cross-benzoin condensation is typically carried out in the presence of a base (such as potassium tert-butoxide or N,N-isopropylethylamine) in a suitable solvent (such as DCM or THF) at a temperature between -20°C and the boiling point of the solvent, using an organic catalyst (such as a triazolium or thiazolylium salt). Examples of catalysts used for such conversions have been described in the literature, for example in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 7539-7542 or Org. Lett. 2016, 18, 4518-4521. Option 12

[0136] As shown in Scheme 12, compounds having formula (Id) can alternatively be prepared by: making compounds having formula (XXX) (where A, R) 2a R 2b R 1 R 3 R 5a R 5b and R 6 It is defined in equation (I), and X 07 It is a leaving group, such as chlorine, bromine, iodine) and a compound having the formula (XXXI) (Stiller reaction; R in XXXI) 4a (as defined in Formula I) or compounds having Formula (XXXII) (Suzuki-Miyaura reaction; R in XXXII) 4a As defined in formula (I), and W is a boric acid B(OH)2 group or a corresponding boric acid ester (such as the pinacol ester of the boric acid) reacting in the presence of a palladium catalyst, as described in detail in scheme 7.

[0137] Compounds having formula (XXX) can be produced by amines having formula (XXXIII) and compounds having formula (IIa) (where A, R...). 2a R 2b R 6 and X 1 (As described in Scheme 1) The coupling preparation is carried out under the conditions described in detail in Scheme 1. Under the same conditions, if R 1 = H, then a compound having formula (XXX) can be obtained directly from a compound having formula (XXXIV).

[0138] Compounds having formula (XXXIII) can be prepared, for example, in the presence of NaBH(OAc)3 or NaBH3CN, in a suitable solvent, preferably acetic acid, at room temperature, similar to WO 2002 / 088073, page 35, using compounds having formula (XX) (where R... 1a Compounds having the formula (XXXIV) are treated with, for example, H, methyl, or cyclopropyl. Alternatively, another reagent system for reductive amination uses a combination of Ti(i-OiPr)4 and NaBH4 (see Synthesis 2003 (14), 2206).

[0139] Amines having formula (XXXIV) can be prepared by a deracemification procedure involving, for example, the selective acylation of an enantiomer. Such examples are described in more detail in Scheme 13. Option 13

[0140] Amines having formula (XXXIV) can be racemiced via biocatalysis to form amines having formula (XXXIVa) (where R... 3 R 5a and R 5b It is as described in equation (I) and X 07 This is obtained by removing a leaving group such as bromine, chlorine, or iodine. This can be achieved, for example, using lipases that are ultimately immobilized (e.g., Novozym® 435), such as Candida antarcticis lipase B or Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase, in the presence of an acyl donor (e.g., ethyl methoxyethyl acetate or vinyl acetate), in a suitable solvent (e.g., acetonitrile or methyl tert-butyl ether), at temperatures between 20°C and 100°C. Such methods are described, for example, in J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 6918-6923 or Adv. Synth. Catal. 2007, 349, 1481-1488. The expected stereochemical result of this enzyme deracemification is known to those skilled in the art and documented in the literature, for example, J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 2656-2665 or J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 3996-4009.

[0141] Alternatively, the resolution of an amine having formula (XXXIVa) to give an amine having formula (XXXIV) can be achieved using a chiral auxiliary agent, as described in Scheme 14. Option 14

[0142] Amines having formula (XXXIV) can be obtained from intermediates having formula (XXXVII) by treatment with an acid (such as HCl) or a base (such as NaOH) (where R... 3 R 5a and R 5b For example, in a compound having formula (I), X 07 It is a leaving group such as bromine, chlorine, or iodine, and X 12 The intermediate is prepared by coupling a chiral auxiliary having formula (XXXVI) with an amine having formula (XXXIVa), for example, mandelic acid or (1R)-methylchloroformate. An intermediate having formula (XXXVII) can be formed by coupling a chiral auxiliary having formula (XXXVI) (where X0 is a leaving group, such as chlorine) with an amine having formula (XXXIVa) under the conditions detailed in Scheme 1. Examples of such deracemification methods are reported in the literature, for example, J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 485-493.

[0143] Alternatively, an amine having formula (XXXIV) or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably a hydrochloride or hydrobromide, or a trifluoroacetate, or any other equivalent salt) may be formed as described in Scheme 15. Option 15

[0144] Amines having formula (XXXIV) or their salts can be derived from intermediates having formula (XXIIa) (where R... 3 R 5a and R 5b As described in equation (I), X 07 Z3 is a leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for example bromine, and Z3 is -NPhth (N-phthalimide group) or -NBoc2 (N-bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl) group). It is typically obtained by treatment with hydrazine (preferably hydrazine hydrate or hydrazine monohydrate) in an alcohol solvent (such as ethanol or isopropanol) (Z3 is -NPhth) or with an acid (such as trifluoroacetic acid or hydrochloric acid) in the presence of a suitable solvent (such as dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, or dioxane) under deprotection conditions known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, such as those described in the following literature: Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3rd Edition, Theodora W. Green (The Rowland Institute for Science) and Peter GM Wuts (Pharmacia and Upjohn Company), John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, New York 1999, ISBN 0-471-16019-9.

[0145] This type of intermediate has the formula (XXIIa) (where R) 3 R 5aand R 5b As described in equation (I), X 07 It is a leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for example bromine, and Z3 is -NPhth (N-phthalimide group) or -NBoc2 (N-bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl) group) which can be produced by an alcohol having the formula (XXIa) (where R 3 R 5a and R 5b It is as described in equation (I) and X 07 The leaving group is obtained by photocontraction (which involves treating an alcohol having the formula (XXIa) with an azodicarbonate ester (e.g., diethyl azodicarbonate or diisopropyl azodicarbonate) in the presence of a phosphine (e.g., triphenylphosphine or tributylphosphine) and an amine (e.g., phthalimide (HNPhth) or bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amine (HNBoc2)). Photocontraction is carried out by methods known to those skilled in the art for inverting stereocenters, as described, for example, in Chem. Rev. [Chemical Review] 2009, 109, 2551-2651.

[0146] Alternatively, amines having formula (XXXIV) can be reduced to azides having formula (XXIIIa) by treatment with triphenylphosphine and water (Staudinger reaction) or by hydrogenation, for example, using a palladium catalyst in the presence of hydrogen (where R...). 3 R 5a and R 5b It is as described in equation (I) and X 07 (The leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, e.g., bromine), is required. Azides having formula (XXIIIa) can be obtained by treating an alcohol having formula (XXIa) with an azidizing agent (such as diphenylphosphohydrazide) in a solvent (such as toluene or THF) in the presence of a base (such as DBU). Such methods are known to those skilled in the art for inverting stereocenters and are described in the literature, for example, in Adv. Synth. Catal. [Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis] 2018, 360, 2157-2165.

[0147] Alcohols having formula (XXIa) can be converted into ketones having formula (XXIVa) (where R... 3 R 5a and R 5b It is as described in equation (I) and X 07It is obtained by enantioselective reduction of leaving groups, such as halogens or sulfonates, such as bromine. Such reductions can be carried out in the presence of hydrogen donor systems, such as HCOOH / Et3N or HCO2NH4, using catalysts (such as ruthenium or rhodium catalysts with chiral ligands, such as RuCl[(R,R)-TsDPEN] (mesitylene) or RuBF4[(R,R)-TsDPEN] (p-cymene)). Such methods are described in the literature, for example in J. Org. Chem. 2017, 82, 5607. Option 16

[0148] As shown in Scheme 16 above, compounds having formula (IA) and a subset of compounds having formula (I) (where A, R) 1 R 2a R 2b R 3 Q (as defined for compounds having formula (I)) can be prepared by making a compound having formula (IIa-1), a subset of compounds having formula (II) (where A, R) 2a and R 2b It is as described in equation (I), and X 1 The reaction involves a hydroxyl group reacting with a compound having formula (IIIf) or (IIIb) or a salt thereof under the conditions already described above (converting IIa + IIIf to Ik, and IIa + IIIb to Id) and the conditions described in Scheme 1. Alternatively, a salt of a substrate compound having formula (IIa-1) (e.g., a sodium carboxylate) may be used in this amide bond-forming reaction to form a compound having formula (IA).

[0149] Compounds having formula (IIa-1) (where A, R) 2a and R 2b (as described in formula (I)) can be obtained from compounds having formula (IIa-2) (where A, R) 2a and R 2bIt is prepared by saponification of a compound having formula (IIa-2) under conditions known to those skilled in the art, as described in formula (I), wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl group. (using conditions such as aqueous sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide in methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran or dioxane, at room temperature or up to reflux conditions; or alternatively, optionally, in the presence of a solvent (e.g. tetrahydrofuran, dioxane or dichloromethane) at a temperature between 0 and 150°C, by treating the compound having formula (IIa-2) with an acid (e.g., a hydrohalic acid (preferably hydrochloric acid or hydrobromic acid) or trifluoroacetic acid).

[0150] Compounds having formula (IIa-2) (where A, R) 2a and R 2b Compounds having formula (XL) as described in formula (I), wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl, can be prepared by: in the presence of an alcohol RaOH (where Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl) having formula (where A, R... 2a and R 2b It is as described in equation (I), and where X 3 This is a carbonylation reaction on a halogen, preferably bromine, chlorine, or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine). Typically, in such carbonylation reactions, a compound having formula (XL) reacts with carbon monoxide (CO, usually under pressure, for example in the range of 5 to 200 bar) in the presence of a metal catalyst such as a palladium catalyst (e.g., palladium(II) acetate or 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II) dichloride (Pd(dppf)Cl2 optionally as a dichloromethane complex)), optionally in the presence of a phosphine ligand, preferably in the presence of a base such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, or pyridine, in an alcohol RaOH solvent (optionally in the presence of an inert organic co-solvent), and at a temperature in the range of 0°C to 250°C (preferably between room temperature and 200°C).

[0151] Alternatively, compounds having formula (IIa-1) (where A, R) 2a and R 2b (as described in formula (I)) can be prepared by: i) in a compound having formula (XL) (where A, R) 2a and R 2b It is as described in equation (I), and where X 3 It is a halogen, preferably bromine, chlorine or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine)) on which lithium-halogen (Li-X) is reacted. 3The lithium-halogen exchange reaction proceeds ii) with carbon dioxide, followed by quenching of the resulting organolithium compound. Such lithium-halogen exchange reactions can be carried out using, for example, organolithium compounds such as butyllithium (BuLi) in anhydrous aprotic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, or N,N′-dimethylpropenyl-urea (DMPU) at temperatures ranging from -120°C to 0°C (preferably between -78°C and 0°C). The resulting lithiation intermediate is preferably quenched in situ with carbon dioxide (gaseous or, alternatively, solid carbon dioxide called dry ice) to produce a compound having formula (IIa-1). Similar reactions have been reported in the literature, for example in WO 2006 / 013048. Option 17

[0152] As shown in Scheme 17 above, compounds having formula (XL) (where A and R) 2b As described in equation (I), R 2a It is a C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group, and wherein X 3 Halogens, preferably bromine, chlorine, or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine), can be prepared by making a compound having the formula (XL-1) (where A and R) 2b It is as described in equation (I), and where X 3 It is a halogen, preferably bromine, chlorine, or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine) and X 4 (It is a halogen, preferably bromine or iodine) and has the formula R 2a -M2 reagent (where R 2a The reaction is a C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl group substituted with a single halogen or cyano group, and M2 is a metal, such as -MgCl, or -ZnBr, or –Sn(n-Bu)3 or -B(OH)2 (which may alternatively be the corresponding boronic ester, also known as a boronate ester, such as pinacol ester)). Such conversions are known to those skilled in the art as the Kumada-coupling reaction, the Negishi-coupling reaction, the Stieler-coupling reaction, and the Suzuki-coupling reaction, respectively, and are achieved in the presence of a palladium (or alternatively nickel) catalyst, as described in detail in Scheme 7 (conversion of XIV + XV to Ic).

[0153] Compounds having formula (XL-1) (where A and R) 2b It is as described in equation (I), and where X 3 It is a halogen, preferably bromine, chlorine, or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine) and X4 Halogens (preferably bromine or iodine) can be prepared by a halogenation reaction, which involves, for example, reacting a compound having the formula (XL-2) (where A and R) 2b It is as described in equation (I), and where X 3 The halogen, preferably bromine, chlorine, or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine), reacts with a halogenating agent (e.g., N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS), N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), or N-iodosuccinimide (NIS), thioyl chloride, or alternatively chlorine, bromine, or iodine) optionally in the presence of a base (e.g., sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or cesium carbonate, or sodium hydroxide, or potassium hydroxide), and optionally in the presence of a catalyst or additive. Such halogenation reactions are carried out in inert solvents (e.g., chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, acetic acid, sulfuric acid, ether, N,N-dimethylformamide, methanol or a methanol-water mixture, acetonitrile or an acetonitrile-water mixture) at temperatures between 20°C and 200°C, preferably between room temperature and 100°C.

[0154] Compounds having the formula (XL-2) (where A and R) 2b It is as described in equation (I), and where X 3 Halogens, preferably bromine, chlorine, or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine), can be obtained by diazotizing / cyclizing the corresponding toluidine (o-tolylamine or 2-methylaniline) compound having the formula (XL-3) under conditions reported, for example, in the following literature (where A and R) 2b It is as described in equation (I), and where X 3 The preparation is carried out using halogens, preferably bromine, chlorine, or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine): Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1980, 6, 908-927, Tetrahedron 2002, 58, 6061-6067, or Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2005, 15, 2752-2757. Typically, a solution of compound (XL-3) in acetic acid is diazotized (with aqueous sodium nitrite) at a temperature between 0°C and room temperature to provide the indazole compound (XL-2). Alternatively, a mixture of compound (XL-3) in acetonitrile and aqueous hydrochloric acid (or hydrobromic acid) is diazotized at 0°C (with aqueous sodium nitrite) and then treated with sodium acetate or potassium acetate at a temperature between 0°C and room temperature to provide said indazole compound (XL-2).

[0155] Compounds having formula (XL-3) (where A and R) 2b It is as described in equation (I), and where X 3Halogens, preferably bromine, chlorine, or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine), can be prepared by a halogenation reaction involving, for example, reacting a compound having the formula (XL-4) (where A and R) 2b The reaction is as described in formula (I) with a halogenating agent (e.g., N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS), N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), or N-iodosuccinimide (NIS), thioyl chloride, or alternatively, chlorine, bromine, or iodine) optionally in the presence of a base (e.g., sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or cesium carbonate) and optionally in the presence of a catalyst or additive. Such halogenation reactions are carried out in an inert solvent (e.g., chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, acetic acid, sulfuric acid, ether, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, or an acetonitrile-water mixture) at a temperature between 20°C and 200°C, preferably between room temperature and 100°C.

[0156] Compounds having formula (XL-4) or salts thereof (where A and R) 2b (as described in formula (I)) is known, commercially available, or can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art. Option 18:

[0157] Alternatively, as outlined in scheme 18 above, compounds having formula (XL) (where A and R) 2b As described in equation (I), R 2a It is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group, and wherein X 3 Halogens, preferably bromine, chlorine, or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine), can be prepared by diazotization / reduction / cyclization of a compound having formula (XL-5) or a salt thereof (wherein A and R) under conditions reported, for example, WO 2012 / 169649 or JP 2014 / 133739. 2b As described in equation (I), R 2a It is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group, and wherein X 3 It is a halogen, preferably bromine, chlorine, or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine). Typically, a mixture of compound (XL-5) in aqueous hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, or sulfuric acid (or alternatively, in a concentrated acid) is diazotized (aqueous sodium nitrite) in the presence of a solvent such as acetonitrile at a temperature between 0°C and room temperature, followed by treatment of the reaction mixture containing the formed diazo intermediate with stannous(II) chloride dihydrate (also known as stannous chloride) at a temperature between 0°C and room temperature to provide the indazole compound (XL).

[0158] Compounds having formula (XL-5) or salts thereof (where A and R) 2b As described in equation (I), R 2a It is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group, and wherein X 3 The halogen, preferably bromine, chlorine, or iodine (even more preferably bromine or chlorine), can be produced by a compound having formula (XL-6) or a salt thereof (where A and R...). 2b It is as described in equation (I), and R 2a It is prepared by halogenation reaction of hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group, according to the conditions already described in Scheme 17 (converting XL-4 to XL-3). Option 19

[0159] As shown in Scheme 19 above, a compound having formula (XL-6) or a salt thereof (where A and R) 2b It is as described in equation (I), and R 2a Aniline compounds having the formula (XL-7) can be photochemically rearranged by aza-Frie under similar conditions, such as those described in the following literature (where A and R are C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group) to form alkyl compounds of the formula (XL-7). 2b It is as described in equation (I), and R 2a It is prepared by means of C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group: J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 24, 9217-9220 or Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 2016, 15, 105-116.

[0160] Such photochemical aza-Fries rearrangement (1,3-acyl migration) of the corresponding acyl-aniline (XL-7) is carried out by means of a suitable lamp at a given wavelength (e.g., 254 nm), in a suitable photochemical reaction vessel, in a solvent (preferably deoxygenated) (e.g., cyclohexane, dichloromethane, or acetonitrile), at a temperature (preferably about room temperature), and optionally under flow conditions characterized by parameters such as reactor volume (e.g., 55 mL), residence time (e.g., 55 min), flow rate (e.g., 1 mL / min), etc.

[0161] Aniline compounds having the formula (XL-7) (where A and R) 2b It is as described in equation (I), and R 2a A aniline compound having the formula (XL-8) or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably a hydrochloride or hydrobromide salt, or a trifluoroacetate salt, or any other equivalent salt) can be prepared, for example, by making an aniline compound having the formula (XL-8) or a salt thereof (such as a hydrohalide salt, preferably a hydrochloride or hydrobromide salt, or a trifluoroacetate salt, or any other equivalent salt) (where A and R 2b (as described in formula (I)) and respectively with an acylating agent having formula (XL-9) or (XL-9a) (wherein R 2a The reaction is carried out under conditions known to those skilled in the art (C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group). Such reactions can be carried out purely in a temperature range of -100°C to +300°C, preferably between 0°C and 200°C, with or without a catalyst (e.g., an acylation catalyst, such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)), and with or without the addition of a base (e.g., an inorganic base (e.g., sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or cesium carbonate) or an organic base (e.g., triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, or pyridine)). Alternatively, the reaction can be carried out in a solvent, preferably an organic solvent such as acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, N,N-dimethylacetamide, or N,N-dimethylformamide).

[0162] Typically, when using (XL-9), the reaction is carried out in the presence of a dehydrating agent, such as a peptide coupling agent, like carbodiimide, HATU (1-[bis(dimethyl-amino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxide hexafluorophosphate, also known as hexafluorophosphate azirconazole tetramethylureonium), or propanephosphonic anhydride (T3P®).

[0163] Compounds having formula (XL-9a) are known, or they can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art. In particular, compounds having formula (XL-9a) can be formed by treating the compound with, for example, oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride in the presence of a catalytic amount of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane (DCM) or tetrahydrofuran (THF), at a temperature between 0°C and 100°C (preferably about 25°C). Such methods are known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in Tetrahedron 2005, 61 (46), 10827-10852.

[0164] Compounds having formula (XL-9) (R) 2a It is a C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group) and a compound having the formula (XL-8) or a salt thereof (where A and R are C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group) and a salt thereof. 2b (as described in formula (I)) is known, commercially available, or can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art. Option 20

[0165] Alternatively, as shown in Scheme 20, compounds having formula (IA) (where A, R) 1 R 2a R 2b R 3 And Q is as defined under formula (I) above) can be cleaved by the following cleavage of compounds having formula (IB) (where A, R) 1 R 2a R 2b R 3Q is prepared by the methoxymethyl (MOM) group as defined in formula (I) above: typically by treatment with an acid (including a series of Lewis acids and Brønsted acids) such as hydrochloric acid in a solvent (e.g., methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, water or mixtures thereof) under deprotection conditions known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature (e.g., as described in Wuts, Peter GM; Greene, Theodora W. (2006). Greene's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 4th Edition - Wuts-Wiley Online Library; doi:10.1002 / 0470053488).

[0166] Compounds having formula (IB) (where A, R) 2a R 2b R 3 Q is defined as shown in equation (I) above, and where R... 1 Unlike hydrogen, it can be prepared by making a compound having the formula (IB) (where A, R) 2a R 2b R 3 Q is defined as shown in equation (I) above, and where R... 1 (is hydrogen) and compounds having formula (VI) (where R is hydrogen) and compounds having formula (VI) (where R is hydrogen) 1 It has the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I), the difference being that R 1 Unlike hydrogen, and in which X 30 (The leaving group, such as a halogen or sulfonate, for example chlorine, bromine, iodine or methanesulfonate) reacts under the conditions already described in Scheme 5 (converting Ia + VI to Ia-1). Option 21

[0167] As outlined in Scheme 21, compounds having formula (IB) and another subset of compounds having formula (I) (where A, R) 1 R 2a R 2b R 3 Q (as defined under formula (I) above) can be prepared by making a compound having formula (IIb-1), a subset of compounds having formula (II) (where A, R) 2a and R2b It is as described in equation (I), and X 1 The reaction involves a hydroxyl group reacting with a compound having formula (IIIf) or (IIIb) or a salt thereof under the conditions already described above (converting IIa + IIIf to Ik, and IIa + IIIb to Id) and the conditions described in Scheme 1. Alternatively, a salt of a substrate compound having formula (IIb-1) (e.g., a sodium carboxylate) may be used in this amide bond-forming reaction to form a compound having formula (IB).

[0168] Compounds having formula (IIb-1) (where A, R) 2a and R 2b (As described in formula (I)) can be prepared by: taking a compound having formula (IIb-2) (where A, R) 2a and R 2b It is as described in formula (I), and wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl) saponified under the conditions described in Scheme 16 above (converting IIa-2 to IIa-1).

[0169] Cleavage of the methoxymethyl (MOM) group in such compounds having formula (IIb-1) by acid treatment under the conditions already described in Scheme 20 above (converting IB to IA) does indeed provide compounds having formula (IIa-1), wherein A, R 2a and R 2b It is as described in formula (I).

[0170] Alternatively, compounds having formula (IIa-1) (where A, R) 2a and R 2b (as described in formula (I)) can be produced by compounds having formula (IIb-2) (where A, R) 2a and R 2b It is prepared directly by one-pot saponification of the MOM group cleavage sequence (wherein the above conditions are applied sequentially) as described in formula (I), and wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl group.

[0171] Compounds having formula (IIb-2) (where A and R) 2b As described in equation (I), R 2a The compound having formula (IIb-3) is a C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or a cyclopropyl group substituted with a single halogen or cyano group, and wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl, can be prepared by making a compound having formula (IIb-3) (where A and R are C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group) into a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl group. 2bIt is as described in formula (I), and wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl and X 4 (It is a halogen, preferably bromine or iodine) and has the formula R 2a -M2 reagent (where R 2a M1 is a C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group, and M2 is a metal, such as -MgCl, or -ZnBr, or -Sn(n-Bu)3 or -B(OH)2 (which may alternatively be the corresponding boronic ester, also known as a boronate ester, such as pinacol ester)) reacting under the conditions described in Schemes 17 and 7 above. Option 22

[0172] As outlined in scheme 22 above, compounds having formula (IIb-3) (where A and R) 2b It is as described in formula (I), and wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl and X 4 (While the halogen, preferably bromine or iodine) can be protected with a methoxymethyl (MOM) group by an indazole compound having formula (IIa-3) (where A and R are halogens). 2b It is as described in formula (I), and wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl and X 4 It is prepared by means of position N2 in a halogen (preferably bromine or iodine): typically in the presence of a base (e.g., sodium hydride or diisopropylethylamine (preferably sodium hydride)), optionally in the presence of an additive (e.g., sodium iodide or tetrabutylammonium iodide), in a solvent (e.g., dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran or 2-methyltetrahydrofuran), at a temperature between 0°C and 80°C (preferably between 0°C and 40°C), at a temperature known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature (e.g., as described in Wuts, Peter GM; Greene, Theodora W. (2006). Greene's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 4th Edition - Wuts-Wiley Online Library); Treatment with CH3OCH2Cl (MOM-Cl, or alternatively, the corresponding iodide MOM-I) under the protective conditions described in doi:10.1002 / 0470053488.

[0173] Compounds having formula (IIa-3) (where A and R) 2bIt is as described in formula (I), and wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl and X 4 (While it is a halogen, preferably bromine or iodine) can be prepared by: taking a compound having formula (IIa-4) (where A and R are halogens) 2b It is as described in formula (I), and wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl) reacts with a halogenating agent under the conditions described in Scheme 17 above (converting XL-2 to XL-1).

[0174] Compounds having formula (IIa-4) (where A and R) 2b The compound having formula (XL-2), as described in formula (I) and wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl, can be prepared by: in the presence of an alcohol RaOH (where Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl), under the conditions described in Scheme 16 above (converting XL to IIa-2), to produce a compound having formula (XL-2) (where A and R are C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl). 2b It is as described in equation (I), and where X 3 It is a carbonylation reaction on halogens, preferably bromine, chlorine or iodine (or even more preferably bromine or chlorine). Option 23

[0175] As shown in Scheme 23, compounds having formula (IIb-2) (where A and R) 2b As described in equation (I), R 2a (where A is a C1-C4 alkoxy group, and Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl group) can be prepared by making a compound having formula (IIb-4) or a tautomer thereof (where A and R are C1-C4 alkoxy groups, and Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl group) into a compound having formula (IIb-4) or a tautomer thereof. 2b It is as described in formula (I), and wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl) and has a C1-C4 alkyl-X 31 reagents (where X) 31 The reaction is carried out in the presence of a halogen (or pseudohalogen) leaving group, preferably bromine or iodine, in an inert solvent (e.g., hexane, dioxane or toluene) in the presence of a carbonate base (preferably silver carbonate), at a temperature ranging from room temperature to 200°C (preferably between 80°C and 150°C), optionally under microwave irradiation, in a manner similar to the description found, for example, in Synthesis [Synthesis] 2009, 16, 2725-2728.

[0176] Compounds having formula (IIb-4) or their tautomers (where A and R) 2bThe compound having formula (I) and wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl group can be prepared by making a compound having formula (IIb-3) (where A and R are C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl group) into a compound having formula (IIb-3) into a compound having formula (IIb-3) and wherein A and R are C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl group into a compound having formula (IIb-3) ... 2b It is as described in formula (I), and wherein Ra is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl and X 4 The reaction is carried out with, for example, benzaldehyde oxime PhC=NOH (preferably (E)-benzaldehyde oxime) in the presence of a base (such as potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate), optionally in the presence of a palladium catalyst (such as RockPhos-G3-cyclic palladium complex ([(2-di-tert-butylphosphino-3-methoxy-6-methyl-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)-2-(2-aminobiphenyl)]palladium methanesulfonate(II)) in an aprotic solvent (such as acetonitrile or N,N-dimethylformamide DMF) at a temperature between 0°C and 100°C (preferably between room temperature and 80°C), as described, for example, in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 56 (16), 4478-4482, 2017.

[0177] Certain compounds having formula (III) or salts thereof (e.g., hydrohalide salts, preferably hydrochloride or hydrobromide salts, or any other equivalent salts) (where R 1 R 3 (and Q have the same meaning as given above for compounds having formula (I)) are known in the literature.

[0178] For example, compounds having formulas (IIIa) and (IIIb) as defined above, or salts thereof (where R... 1 R 3 R 4a R 5a and R 5b (as described in formula (I), especially those compounds having formulas (IIIa) and (IIIb) or their salts as defined above (where R) 3 and R 4a It is as described in equation (I), and where R 1 R 5a and R 5b (Hydrogen) can be prepared in a manner similar to the descriptions found, for example, in WO 2021 / 083936, WO 2021 / 069575 and WO 2022 / 258481.

[0179] Similarly, compounds having formulas (IIIe) and (IIIf) as defined above, or their salts (where R...1 R 3 R 4 and R 5 (as described in formula (I), especially those compounds having formulas (IIIe) and (IIIf) or their salts as defined above (where R) 3 and R 4 It is as described in equation (I), where R 1 It is hydrogen or methyl and R 5 (Whether hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropyl) can be prepared in a manner similar to the descriptions found in, for example, WO 2021 / 083936, WO 2021 / 099303, WO 2021 / 105091, WO 2021 / 165195, WO 2021 / 224323, WO 2022 / 268648, WO 2023 / 104714, WO 2023 / 247360 and WO 2024 / 110554.

[0180] Depending on the procedure or reaction conditions, the reactants can react in the presence of a base. Examples of suitable bases are alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydrides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxides, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal acetates, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal dialkylamides or alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkylsilylamides, alkylamines, alkylene diamines, free or N-alkylated saturated or unsaturated cycloalkylamines, basic heterocycles, ammonium hydroxides, and carbocyclic amines. Examples that may be mentioned are sodium hydroxide, sodium hydride, sodium amino, sodium methoxide, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, potassium hydride, lithium diisopropylamino, potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, calcium hydride, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, triethylenediamine, cyclohexylamine, N-cyclohexyl-N,N-dimethylamine, N,N-diethylaniline, pyridine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine, quinine ring, N-methylmorpholine, benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU).

[0181] These reactants can react with each other as is, without the addition of solvents or diluents. However, in most cases, it is advantageous to add an inert solvent or diluent, or a mixture of these. If the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base, an excess of the base (such as triethylamine, pyridine, N-methylmorpholine, or N,N-diethylaniline) can also act as a solvent or diluent.

[0182] These reactions are advantageously carried out in a temperature range from about -80°C to about +140°C, preferably from about -30°C to about +100°C, and in many cases in the range between ambient temperature and about +80°C.

[0183] Depending on the reaction conditions and the choice of starting materials appropriate to each situation, it may be possible, for example, to replace only one substituent with another substituent according to the invention in a single reaction step, or to replace multiple substituents with other substituents according to the invention in the same reaction step.

[0184] Salts of compounds having formula (I) can be prepared in ways known per se. Thus, for example, acid addition salts of compounds having formula (I) are obtained by treatment with a suitable acid or a suitable ion exchanger reagent, and salts with a base are obtained by treatment with a suitable base or a suitable ion exchanger reagent.

[0185] Salts of compounds having formula (I) can be converted in a conventional manner into free compound I, acid addition salts (e.g., by treatment with a suitable basic compound or a suitable ion exchanger reagent), and salts with bases (e.g., by treatment with a suitable acid or a suitable ion exchanger reagent).

[0186] Salts of compounds having formula (I) can be converted in a manner known per se into other salts of compounds having formula (I), acid addition salts, for example, into other acid addition salts, such as by treating salts of inorganic acids (e.g., hydrochlorides) in a suitable solvent with a suitable metal salt of the acid (e.g., a salt of sodium, barium, or silver, e.g., silver acetate), in which the inorganic salt (e.g., silver chloride) formed is insoluble and thus precipitates from the reaction mixture.

[0187] Depending on the procedure or reaction conditions, these compounds of formula (I) with salt-forming properties can be obtained in free form or as salts.

[0188] Depending on the number of asymmetric carbon atoms present in the molecule, the absolute and relative configurations, and / or depending on the configuration of the non-aromatic double bonds present in the molecule, compounds having formula (I) and, where appropriate, their tautomers (in each case, in free form or in salt form) can exist as one of the possible isomers or as mixtures of these, for example, as pure isomers, such as enantiomers and / or diastereomers, or as mixtures of isomers, such as mixtures of enantiomers, such as racemic mixtures, diastereomer mixtures, or racemic mixtures; the present invention relates to pure isomers as well as all possible mixtures of isomers, and should be understood so in each case above and below, even if stereochemical details are not explicitly mentioned in each case.

[0189] A mixture of diastereomers or racemic mixtures of compounds of formula (I) in free or salt form (their acquisition may depend on the selected starting materials and procedures) can be isolated into pure diastereomers or racemic mixtures in a known manner, based on the physicochemical differences of these components, for example by fractional crystallization, distillation and / or chromatography.

[0190] Enantiomer mixtures (such as racemates) that can be obtained in a similar manner can be resolved into optical enantiomers by known methods, for example by recrystallization from an optically active solvent; by chromatography on a chiral adsorbent, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on acetylcellulose; by cleavage with a specific immobilized enzyme using suitable microorganisms; by forming a containing compound, for example using a chiral crown ether, in which only one enantiomer is complexed; or by conversion into salts of diastereomers, for example by reacting the racemic final product with an optically active acid (such as a carboxylic acid, such as camphoric acid, tartaric acid, or malic acid, or a sulfonic acid, such as camphorsulfonic acid), and the diastereomer mixtures that can be obtained in this manner can be separated, for example by stepwise crystallization based on their different solubilities, from which the desired enantiomer can be freed by the action of a suitable reagent (such as a basic reagent).

[0191] Pure diastereomers or enantiomers can be obtained according to the invention, not only by separating a suitable mixture of isomers, but also by methods of generally known diastereoselective or enantiomeric synthesis, for example by using starting materials with suitable stereochemistry according to the invention.

[0192] N-oxides can be prepared by reacting a compound having formula (I) with a suitable oxidant (e.g., H₂O₂ / urea adduct) in the presence of an acid anhydride (e.g., trifluoroacetic anhydride). Such oxidations are known from the literature, for example from J. Med. Chem., 32 (12), 2561-73, 1989 or WO 2000 / 15615.

[0193] If the individual components have different biological activities, it is advantageous to isolate or synthesize biologically more effective isomers in each case, such as enantiomers or diastereomers or mixtures of isomers, such as mixtures of enantiomers or mixtures of diastereomers.

[0194] If appropriate, compounds having formula (I) and, where appropriate, their tautomers (in each case, in free or salt form) can also be obtained as hydrates and / or include other solvents, such as those that can be used to crystallize compounds that exist in solid form.

[0195] Compounds having formula (I) according to Tables A-1 to A-52 and Tables B-1 to B-52 can be prepared according to the method described above. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention and to show preferred compounds having formula (I) in the form of compounds having formulas (IA-1) and (IB-1). Tables A-1 to A-52 (Formula IA-1)

[0196] Table A-1 Fifteen compounds A-1.001 to A-1.015 having the formula IA-1 are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 It is H and Q is as defined in Table Z. For example, compound A-4.011 is (A-4.011)

[0197] Table A-2 Fifteen compounds, A-2.001 to A-2.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0198] Table A-3 Fifteen compounds, A-3.001 to A-3.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0199] Table A-4 Fifteen compounds, A-4.001 to A-4.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0200] Table A-5 Fifteen compounds, A-5.001 to A-5.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2aIt's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0201] Table A-6 Fifteen compounds, A-6.001 to A-6.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0202] Table A-7 Fifteen compounds A-7.001 to A-7.015 having the formula IA-1 are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0203] Table A-8 Fifteen compounds, A-8.001 to A-8.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0204] Table A-9 Fifteen compounds, A-9.001 to A-9.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0205] Table A-10 Fifteen compounds, A-10.001 to A-10.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0206] Table A-11 Fifteen compounds, A-11.001 to A-11.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0207] Table A-12Fifteen compounds, A-12.001 to A-12.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0208] Table A-13 Fifteen compounds, A-13.001 to A-13.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0209] Table A-14 Fifteen compounds, A-14.001 to A-14.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0210] Table A-15 Fifteen compounds, A-15.001 to A-15.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0211] Table A-16 Fifteen compounds having the formula IA-1, from A-16.001 to A-16.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0212] Table A-17 Fifteen compounds, A-17.001 to A-17.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0213] Table A-18 Fifteen compounds, A-18.001 to A-18.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0214] Table A-19 Fifteen compounds, A-19.001 to A-19.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0215] Table A-20 Fifteen compounds, A-20.001 to A-20.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0216] Table A-21 Fifteen compounds, A-21.001 to A-21.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0217] Table A-22 Fifteen compounds, A-22.001 to A-22.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0218] Table A-23 Fifteen compounds, A-23.001 to A-23.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0219] Table A-24 Fifteen compounds, A-24.001 to A-24.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0220] Table A-25 Fifteen compounds, A-25.001 to A-25.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R2b It's CF3, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0221] Table A-26 Fifteen compounds, A-26.001 to A-26.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0222] Table A-27 Fifteen compounds, A-27.001 to A-27.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0223] Table A-28 Fifteen compounds, A-28.001 to A-28.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0224] Table A-29 Fifteen compounds, A-29.001 to A-29.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0225] Table A-30 Fifteen compounds, A-30.001 to A-30.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0226] Table A-31 Fifteen compounds, A-31.001 to A-31.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0227] Table A-32Fifteen compounds, A-32.001 to A-32.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0228] Table A-33 Fifteen compounds, A-33.001 to A-33.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0229] Table A-34 Fifteen compounds, A-34.001 to A-34.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0230] Table A-35 Fifteen compounds having the formula IA-1, from A-35.001 to A-35.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0231] Table A-36 Fifteen compounds, A-36.001 to A-36.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0232] Table A-37 Fifteen compounds, A-37.001 to A-37.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0233] Table A-38 Fifteen compounds, A-38.001 to A-38.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0234] Table A-39 Fifteen compounds, A-39.001 to A-39.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0235] Table A-40 Fifteen compounds, A-40.001 to A-40.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0236] Table A-41 Fifteen compounds, A-41.001 to A-41.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0237] Table A-42 Fifteen compounds, A-42.001 to A-42.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0238] Table A-43 Fifteen compounds, A-43.001 to A-43.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0239] Table A-44 Fifteen compounds, A-44.001 to A-44.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0240] Table A-45 Fifteen compounds, A-45.001 to A-45.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0241] Table A-46 Fifteen compounds, A-46.001 to A-46.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0242] Table A-47 Fifteen compounds, A-47.001 to A-47.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0243] Table A-48 Fifteen compounds, A-48.001 to A-48.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0244] Table A-49 Fifteen compounds, A-49.001 to A-49.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0245] Table A-50 Fifteen compounds, A-50.001 to A-50.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0246] Table A-51 Fifteen compounds, A-51.001 to A-51.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is isopropoxy, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0247] Table A-52 Fifteen compounds, A-52.001 to A-52.015, having the formula IA-1, are provided, wherein R 2aIt is isopropoxy, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z. Tables B-1 to B-52 (Formula IB-1)

[0248] Table B-1 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-1.001 to B-1.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 It is H and Q is as defined in Table Z. For example, compound B-29.006 is (B-29.006)

[0249] Table B-2 Fifteen compounds, B-2.001 to B-2.015, having the formula IB-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0250] Table B-3 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-3.001 to B-3.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0251] Table B-4 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-4.001 to B-4.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0252] Table B-5 Fifteen compounds, B-5.001 to B-5.015, having the formula IB-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0253] Table B-6 Fifteen compounds, B-6.001 to B-6.015, having the formula IB-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0254] Table B-7 Fifteen compounds, B-7.001 to B-7.015, having the formula IB-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0255] Table B-8 Fifteen compounds, B-8.001 to B-8.015, having the formula IB-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0256] Table B-9 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-9.001 to B-9.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0257] Table B-10 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-10.001 to B-10.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's CF3, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0258] Table B-11 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-11.001 to B-11.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0259] Table B-12 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-12.001 to B-12.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0260] Table B-13 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-13.001 to B-13.015, are provided, wherein R 2aIt is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0261] Table B-14 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-14.001 to B-14.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0262] Table B-15 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-15.001 to B-15.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0263] Table B-16 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-16.001 to B-16.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0264] Table B-17 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-17.001 to B-17.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0265] Table B-18 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-18.001 to B-18.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0266] Table B-19 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-19.001 to B-19.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0267] Table B-20Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-20.001 to B-20.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is CHF2, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0268] Table B-21 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-21.001 to B-21.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0269] Table B-22 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-22.001 to B-22.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0270] Table B-23 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-23.001 to B-23.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0271] Table B-24 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-24.001 to B-24.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0272] Table B-25 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-25.001 to B-25.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0273] Table B-26 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-26.001 to B-26.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0274] Table B-27 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-27.001 to B-27.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0275] Table B-28 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-28.001 to B-28.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0276] Table B-29 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-29.001 to B-29.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0277] Table B-30 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-30.001 to B-30.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is Br, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0278] Table B-31 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-31.001 to B-31.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0279] Table B-32 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-32.001 to B-32.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0280] Table B-33 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-33.001 to B-33.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0281] Table B-34 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-34.001 to B-34.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0282] Table B-35 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-35.001 to B-35.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0283] Table B-36 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-36.001 to B-36.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0284] Table B-37 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-37.001 to B-37.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0285] Table B-38 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-38.001 to B-38.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0286] Table B-39 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-39.001 to B-39.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0287] Table B-40 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-40.001 to B-40.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is I, A is CH, R 2bIt's Cyp, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0288] Table B-41 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-41.001 to B-41.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0289] Table B-42 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-42.001 to B-42.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It is Cl, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0290] Table B-43 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-43.001 to B-43.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0291] Table B-44 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-44.001 to B-44.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It is Br, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0292] Table B-45 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-45.001 to B-45.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0293] Table B-46 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-46.001 to B-46.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0294] Table B-47 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-47.001 to B-47.015, are provided, wherein R2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0295] Table B-48 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-48.001 to B-48.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It is CHF2, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0296] Table B-49 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-49.001 to B-49.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0297] Table B-50 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-50.001 to B-50.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It's Cyp, A is CH, R 2b It's Cyp, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0298] Table B-51 Fifteen compounds, B-51.001 to B-51.015, having the formula IB-1, are provided, wherein R 2a It is isopropoxy, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 H is H and Q is as defined in Table Z.

[0299] Table B-52 Fifteen compounds of formula IB-1, from B-52.001 to B-52.015, are provided, wherein R 2a It is isopropoxy, A is CH, R 2b It's CF3, R 1 It is CH3 and Q is as defined in Table Z. Table Z Definition of substituents for Q

[0300] In Tables A-1 to A-52 and Tables B-1 to B-52, Cyp represents cyclopropyl.

[0301] This also makes it possible to obtain certain intermediate compounds as shown in schemes 1 to 22, some of which are novel. For example: • The following are compounds having formula IIa-1, wherein A, R 2a and R 2b It is as defined for compounds having formula (I); for example, where A, R 2a and R 2b It is as described in Tables A-1 to A-52; specifically, where A is CH, R 2a It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, isopropoxy, or cyclopropyl and R 2b It is bromine, cyclopropyl, or trifluoromethyl; preferably, A is CH, R 2a It is cyclopropyl and R 2b It is trifluoromethyl • The following are compounds having formula IIa-2, where A, R 2a and R 2b As defined for compounds having formula (I), R a It is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl group, preferably R. a It is methyl or ethyl; for example, where A, R 2a and R 2b As described in Tables A-1 to A-52, specifically where A represents CH, R 2a It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, isopropoxy, or cyclopropyl and R 2b It is bromine, cyclopropyl, or trifluoromethyl; preferably, A is CH, R 2a It is cyclopropyl and R 2b It is trifluoromethyl • The following are compounds having formula IIb-1, wherein A, R 2a and R 2b It is as defined for compounds having formula (I); for example, where A, R 2a and R 2b It is as described in Tables B-1 to B-52; specifically, where A is CH, R 2a It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, isopropoxy, or cyclopropyl and R 2b It is bromine, cyclopropyl, or trifluoromethyl; preferably, A is CH, R 2a It is cyclopropyl and R 2b It is trifluoromethyl • The following are compounds having formula IIb-2, where A, R... 2a and R 2b As defined for compounds having formula (I), R a It is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl group, preferably R. a It is methyl or ethyl; for example, where A, R 2a and R2b As described in Tables B-1 to B-52, specifically where A is CH, R 2a It is hydrogen, bromine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, isopropoxy, or cyclopropyl and R 2b It is bromine, cyclopropyl, or trifluoromethyl; preferably, A is CH, R 2a It is cyclopropyl and R 2b It is trifluoromethyl Pest Control

[0302] The compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are active ingredients with preventative and / or therapeutic value in the field of pest control. Even at low application rates, they exhibit a very favorable biocidal spectrum and are well tolerated by warm-blooded species, fish, and plants. The active ingredients according to the invention act on all or individual developmental stages of normally susceptible and resistant animal pests (such as insects or representatives of mites). The insecticidal or acaricidal activity of the active ingredients according to the invention can manifest directly, i.e., immediate or only after some time (e.g., during molting), causing damage to pests; or indirectly, for example, by reducing oviposition and / or hatching rates.

[0303] Examples of animal pests mentioned above are: • From the order Acari, such as *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, *Eriocheir*, and *Eriocheir*. • From the order Lobelia, such as species of the genera Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Pemphigus spp., and Phylloxera spp.; • From the order Coleoptera, for example, species of the genera *Anomala*, *Amphimallon majale*, *Anomala orientalis*, *Astylus atromaculatus*, *Ataenius*, *Atomaria linearis*, *Chaetocnema tibialis*, *Cerotoma*, *Cosmopolites*, *Diloboderus abderus*, *Eremnus*, *Heterocarya scabra*, *Lagria vilosa*, *Lagerstroemia indica*, and *Lissorhoptrus*. spp.), species of the genera *Liogenys*, *Maecolaspis*, *Maladera castanea*, *Megascelis*, *Melighetes aeneus*, species of the genus *Myochrous armatus*, species of the genus *Orycaephilus*, species of the genus *Otiorhynchus*, species of the genus *Phlyctinus*, species of the genus *Archlea*, species of the genus *Rhyssomatus aubtilis*, species of the genus *Rhizopertha*, species of the family Scarabaeidae, species of the genus *Weevils*, species of the genus *Somaticus*, species of the genus *Sternechus subsignatus*, species of the genus *Pseudobularia*, species of the genus *Pseudobularia*, and species of the genus *Dermestridae*; • From the order Diptera, such as the genera *Aedes*, *Anopheles*, *Sorghum fly*, *Olive fruit fly*, *Garden fly*, *Fungiidae*, *Red-headed blowfly*, *Small stripe fruit fly*, *Golden fly*, *Culex*, *Yellow fly*, *Oligostrich fly*, *Ground fly*, *Black-bellied fruit fly*, *Toilet fly*, *Stomach fly*, *Geomyza tripunctata*, *Trichogrammae*, *Drosophila*, *Fly*, *Lice fly*, *Leech leafminer*, *Green fly*, *Melanagromyza spp.*, *House fly*, *Madrid fly*, *Gallus*, *Swedish straw fly*, *Cervus*, *Fly ferruginea*, *Grass fly*, *Fungiidae*, *Rivelia quadrifasciata*, *Scatella spp.*, *Fungi*, *Bufo*, *Taenia*, and *Leptochloa*. • From the order Hemiptera, for example, *Acanthocoris scabrator*, species of the genus *Acanthocoris*, *Aleurodes*, *Amblypelta nitida*, *Bathycoeliathalassina*, species of the genus *Clavigralla*, species of the genus *Clavigralla tomentosicollis*, species of the genus *Distantiella theobroma*, *Dichelops furcatus*, species of the genus *Edessa*, species of the genus *Euchistus*, species of the genus *Eurydema pulchrum*, species of the genus *Eucistus*, *Eurydema*, *Eurydema*, *Eurydema*, *Eurydema*, and *Horcias*. *Nobilellus*, *Rice-edged Bug*, *Grass-bearing Bug*, *Spotted Scale*, *Murgantiahistrionic*, *Neomegalotomus*, *Smoke-bearing Bug*, *Green Bug*, *Nysiussimulans*, *Oebalus insularis*, *Dermatopoda*, *Fence Bug*, *Red Hunting Bug*, *Cocoa Brown Bug*, *Scaptocoris castanea*, *Black Bug*, *Thyanta*, *Trigger Bug*, *Vatiga illudens*, *Acyrthosium pisum*, *Adalges*, *Agalliana ensigera*, *Agonoscena targionii*, *Discopyfly*, *Spinyfly*, *Aleurolobus* *Aleurothrixus floccosus*, *Aleyrodesbrassicae*, *Amarasca biguttula*, *Amritodus atkinsoni*, *Aphididae*, *Aphid* species, *Aphid* species, *Aphid* species, *Potamogeton* aphid, *Tomato Psyllid*, *Whitefly* species, *Short-tailed Aphid* species, *Cavariella* species, *Cavariella aegopodii* Scop., *Ceroplaster* species, *Chrysomphalus aonidium*, *Orange-brown Scale*, *Leafhopper* species, *Cofana spectra*, *Cryptomyzus spp.*Species of the genera *Cicadulina*, *Brown Soft Wax Scale*, *Corn Yellow-winged Leafhopper*, *Naked Whitefly*, *Citrus Psyllid*, *Wheat Double-tailed Aphid*, *Western Round-tailed Aphid*, *Small Green Leafhopper*, *Eriosoma larigerum*, *Spotted Leafhopper*, *Gascardia*, *Cabbage Moth* (*Glycaspis brimblecombei*), *False Cabbage Aphid* (*Hyadaphis pseudobrassicae*), *Peach Blossom Aphid*, *Hyperomyzus pallidus*, *Longan Flat-beaked Leafhopper*, *Libya Leafhopper* (*Jacobiasca lybica*), *Grey Planthopper*, *Balloon Scale* (*Lecanium corni*), *Oyster Scale*, *Radish Aphid* (*Lopaphis erysimi*), *Corn Root Leaf Beetle* (*Lyogenys maidis*), *Long-tubed Aphid*, *Mahanarva*, *Metcalfa pruinosa*, *Wheat Webless Long-tubed Aphid*, *Myndus* *Crus*, species of *Nippolachnus*, species of *Nippolachnus*, species of *Nippolachnus*, species of *Nippolachnus*, species of *Nippolachnus*, species of *Odonaspis ruthae*, *Oregma lanigera Zehnter*, whitefly *Parabemisia myricae*, *Paratrioza cockerelli*, species of *Parlatoria*, species of *Pemphigus*, *Planthopper*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*, species of *Paphigus*. gigas, electric leafhopper, species of *Gypsylla*, species of *Gypsylla*, *Gypsylla*, species of *Gypsylla*, species of *Gypsylla*, species of *Gypsylla*, species of *Gypsylla*, white-backed planthopper, *Spissistilus festinus*, *Tarophagus Proserpina*, species of *Trialeurodes*, species of *Tridiscus sporoboli*, species of *Tridiscus*, African citrus psyllid, citrus scale insect, *Zygina flammigera*, *Zyginidiascutellaris*. • From the order Hymenoptera, such as species of the genera *Acromyrmex*, *Arge* spp., *Atta* spp., *Cephus* spp., *Diprion* spp., *Diprionidae*, *Gilpinia polytoma*, *Hoplocampa* spp., *Lasius* spp., *Monomorium pharaonis*, *Neodiprion* spp., *Pogonomyrmex* spp., *Solenopsis* spp., and *Vespa* spp.; • From the order Isoptera, such as species of the genera *Coptotermes*, *Corniternes cumulans*, *Incisitermes*, *Macrotermes*, *Mastotermes*, *Microtermes*, and *Reticulitermes*; tropical fire ants (*Solenopsis* geminate). • From Lepidoptera, for example, species of the genera *Aegeria*, *Aegeria*, *Alabama argillaceae*, *Amylois*, soybean leafroller, yellow leafroller, *Argyresthia*, silver-banded leafroller, *Aegeria*, cotton leafminer, corn stalk borer, fruit borer, peach fruit moth, grass borer, *Chrysoteuchia topiaria*, grape fruit borer, leaf roller, cloud leafroller, striped leafroller, sheath moth, *Coliaslesbia*, and *Cosmophila*. *Flava* species, including *Pan-African fluff moth*, *Apple heterocarpa*, *Boxwood moth*, *Cydia* species, *Boxwood silk moth*, *Stem moth* species, Sudan cotton bollworm, *Elasmopalpus lignosellus* species, *Sweet potato stem moth*, *Powdery spot moth* species, *Leaf roller* species, *Estigmene acrea*, *Etiella zinckinella*, *Flower roller* species, Grape and apple leafroller, *Yellow tussock moth* species, *Cut-off moth* species, *Feltiajaculiferia*, *Minor fruit moth* species, *Rose leafroller* (Hedya nubiferana), *Solanum spp.* species, *Chinese cabbage moth*, *Leaf-cutting moth* species, *American white moth*, *Tomato stem moth*, *Lasmopalpus lignosellus*, *Spindle leafminer*, *Lithocollethis* species, *Grape flower-winged leafroller*, *Loxostege* (bifidalis), species of the genera *Bombyx mori*, *Miner moth*, *Tenguinus*, *Cabbage moth*, *Hypericum spp.*, *Secret moth*, *Miner moth*, *Geometrid moth*, *Orniodes indica*, *Cornus esculenta*, *Small leafroller*, *Brown leafroller*, *Small-eyed moth*, *Papaipema nebris*, *Pectinophora gossypiela*, *Coffee leafminer*, *Armorworm*, *Potato tuber moth*, *Cabbage white butterfly*, *Butterfly white butterfly*, *Cabbage leafminer*, *Small white nest moth*, *Geometrid moth*, *Rachiplusia nu*, *Richia albicosta*, *White rice borer*, *Stem borer*, *Long-haired leafroller*, *Grey-winged leafroller*, *Cotton leafroller*, *Clerodendrum*, *Heterodendrum*, *Leafroller*, *Powdered moth*, *Tomato leafminer*, and *Breath moth* species; • Trichophagidae, for example, species of the genera *Leptococcus* and *Leptococcus*; • From the order Orthoptera, such as species of the genera *Berberis*, *Berberis*, *Molecus*, *Madeira*, *Migratory Locust*, *Neocurtilla hexadactyla*, *Berberis*, *Scapteriscus spp.*, and *Desert Locust*; • From the order Psittaciformes, such as species of the genus Liposcelis spp.; • From the order Siamese, such as species of the genera *Ceratophyllus* spp., *Ctenocephalides* spp., and *Xenopsylla cheopis*. • From the order Thysanoptera, for example, Calliothrips phaseoli, species of the genera *Frankliniella*, *Heliothrips*, *Hercinothrips*, *Parthenothrips*, *Scirtothrips aurantii*, *Sericothrips variabilis*, species of the genera *Taeniothrips*, and species of the genera *Thrips*. • From the order Thysanura, for example, silverfish (Lepisma saccharina).

[0304] In another aspect, the present invention may also relate to a method for controlling damage to plants and parts thereof by plant parasitic nematodes (endoparasitic nematodes, semi-endoparasitic nematodes, and ectoparasitic nematodes), particularly the following plant parasitic nematodes: root knot nematodes, northern root knot nematode (Meloidogyne hapla), southern root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita), Javan root knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica), peanut root knot nematode (Meloidogyne arenaria), and other species of the genus *Meloidogyne*; cyst-forming nematodes, potato golden nematode (Globodera rostochiensis), and other species of the genus *Globodera*; cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae), soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines), beet cyst nematode (Heteroderaschachtii), and red clover heteroderma nematode (Heterodera... *Trifolii* and other species of the genus *Heterodera*; *Seed gall nematodes* and *Anguina* species; *Stemand foliar nematodes* and *Aphelenchoides* species; *Stingnematodes*, *Belonolaimus longicaudatus* and other species of the genus *Belonolaimus*; *Pine nematodes*, *Bursaphelenchus xylophilus* and other species of the genus *Bursaphelenchus*; *Ring nematodes*, *Criconema* species, *Criconemella* species, *Criconemoides* species, and *Mesocriconema* species; *Stem and bulb* nematodes. *Ditylenchus destructor*, *Ditylenchus dipsaci*, and other species of the genus *Ditylenchus*; *Awl nematodes* and species of the genus *Dolichodorus*.Spiral nematodes, Heliocotylenchus multicinctus and other species of the genus *Helicotylenchus*; Sheath and sheathoid nematodes, species of the genus *Hemicycliophora* and species of the genus *Hemicriconemoides*; species of the genus *Hirshmanniella*; species of the genus *Lance nematodes* and *Hoploaimus*; species of the genus *false rootknot nematodes* and *Nacobbus*; needle nematodes, *Longidorus elongatus* and other species of the genus *Longidorus*; pinhead nematode. Species of the genus *Pratylenchus* (nematodes); species of the genus *Pratylenchus* (lesion nematodes), *Pratylenchus neglectus*, *Pratylenchus spenetrans*, *Pratylenchus curvitatus*, *Pratylenchus goodeyi*, and other species of the genus *Pratylenchus*; species of the genus *Burrowing nematodes*, *Radopholus similis*, and other species of the genus *Radopholus*; species of the genus *Reniform nematodes*, *Rotylenchus robustus*, *Rotylenchus reniformis*, and other species of the genus *Rotylenchus*; species of the genus *Scutellonema*; and species of the genus *Stubby root*. nematodes), primitive nematode (Trichodorus primeitivus) and other species of the genus Trichodorus and species of the genus Paratrichodorus;Stunt nematodes, *Tylenchorhynchus claytoni*, *Tylenchorhynchus dubius*, and other species of the genus *Tylenchorhynchus*; citrus nematodes and *Tylenchulus* species; *Daggernematodes* and *Xiphinema* species; and other plant-parasitic nematode species, such as species of *Subanguina*, *Hypsoperine*, *Macroposthonia*, *Melinius*, *Punctoderas*, and *Quinisulcius*.

[0305] The compounds of this invention may also have activity against mollusks. Examples include, for instance, the families Pomacea canaliculata (golden apple snail); Arion (black slug (A. ater), A. circumscriptus, A. hortensis, A. rufus); Bradybaenidae (shrub snail (Bradybaena fruticum)); Cepaea (garden snail (C. hortensis, forest snail (C. nemoralis)); Ochlodina; Deroceras (grey slug (D. agrestis), D. empiricorum, D. laeve, D. reticulatum)); and Discus (round disc snail (D.). *Galba* (G. trunculata); *Helicelia* (H. itala, H. obvia); *Helicidae* (Helicigona arbustorum); *Helicodiscus*; *Helix* (H. aperta); *Limax* (L. cinereoniger, L. flavus, L. marginatus, L. maximus, L. tenellus); *Lymnaea*; *Milax* (M. black slug). gagates), marginal slug (M. marginatus), sowerbyi slug (M. sowerbyi); Opeas; Pomacea (P. canaticulata); Vallonia and Zanitoides.

[0306] The active ingredients according to the invention can be used to control (i.e., suppress or destroy) pests of the types described above, which are particularly found on plants, especially useful and ornamental plants in agriculture, horticulture and forestry, or on the organs of these plants, such as fruits, flowers, leaves, stems, tubers or roots, and in some cases, even plant organs formed at a later point in time remain protected against these pests.

[0307] Specifically, suitable target crops are cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, corn, or sorghum; sugar beets such as sugar beets or forage beets; fruits such as pome, stone fruits, or seedless small fruits such as apples, pears, plums, peaches, apricots, cherries, or berries such as strawberries, raspberries, or blackberries; legumes such as beans, lentils, peas, or soybeans; and oilseed crops such as rapeseed, mustard, poppies, olives, sunflowers, coconuts, castor beans, and cocoa. Beans or peanuts; cucurbits such as pumpkins, cucumbers, or melons; fiber plants such as cotton, flax, hemp, or jute; citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits, or tangerines; vegetables such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes, or bell peppers; Lauraceae, such as avocados, cinnamon, or camphor; and also tobacco, nuts, coffee, eggplants, sugarcane, tea, pepper, grapevines, hops, plantains, and latex plants.

[0308] The compositions and / or methods of the present invention can also be used on any ornamental plants and / or vegetable crops (including flowers, shrubs, broad-leaved trees and evergreens).

[0309] For example, this invention can be used on any of the following ornamental plant species: Ageratum species, Alonsoa spp. species, Anemone species, Anisodontea capsenisis, Chrysanthemum species, Snapdragon species, Aster species, Begonia species (e.g., Rieger begonia, Begonia semperflorens, B. tubéreux), Bougainvillea species, Brachycome spp. species, Brassica species (ornamental plants), Calceolaria species, Chili pepper, Vinca minor, Canna species, Cornflower species, Chrysanthemum species, Cineraria species (C. maritime), Coreopsis species, Crassula coccinea, Cupea ignea, Dahlia species, Delphinium species, Bleeding heart, Dorotheantus species spp.), lisianthus, forsythia species, fuchsia species, geranium gnaphalium, semperflorens species, globe amaranth, heliotrope species, sunflower species, hibiscus species, hydrangea species, hydrangea species, crape myrtle species, impatiens species (African impatiens), Iresines spp., kalanchoe species, lantana, Marchflower, lion's ear flower species, lily species, pine needle chrysanthemum species, ground cherry species, peppermint species, dragon's face chrysanthemum species, marigold species, carnation species, canna species, oxalis species, daisy species, geranium species (shield geranium, horseshoe geranium), violet species (pansy), petunia species, oleander species, sedum species. spp.), species of the genera *Poinsettia*, *Parthenocissus* (including five-leafed Parthenocissus and Virginia creeper), species of the genera *Primula*, *Rhododendron*, species of the genera *Rosa*, species of the genera *Datura*, species of the genera *Viola*, species of the genera *Salvia*, *Scaevola aemola*, *Schizanthus wisetonensis*, species of the genera *Sedum*, species of the genera *Solanum*, species of the genera *Surfinia*, species of the genera *Marigold*, species of the genera *Nicotiana*, species of the genera *Verbena*, species of the genera *Zinnia*, and other bedding plants.

[0310] For example, this invention can be used on any of the following vegetable species: Allium species (garlic, onion, shallot (A. oschaninii), leek, scallion, green onion), parsley, celery, asparagus, beet, Brassica species (cabbage, Chinese cabbage, turnip), chili pepper, chickpea, endive, chicory species (chicory, endive), watermelon, cucumber species (cucumber, melon), squash species (zucchini, squash), artichoke species (artichoke, artichoke), carrot, fennel, St. John's wort species, lettuce, tomato species (tomato, cherry tomato), mint species, basil, parsley, common bean species (bean, green bean), pea, radish, edible rhubarb, rosemary species, sage species, black ginseng, eggplant, spinach, neovalerian species (valerian lettuce, V. eriocarpa), and broad bean.

[0311] Preferred ornamental plant species include African violet, Begonia, Dahlia, Sedum, Hydrangea, Verbena, Rosa, Kalanchoe, Poinsettia, Aster, Cornflower, Coreopsis, Delphinium, Mentha, Oleander, Yellow Daisy, Sedum, Petunia, Viola, Impatiens, Geranium, Chrysanthemum, Ranunculus, Fuchsia, Sage, Hydrangea, Rosemary, Sage, St. John's Wort, Mint, Sweet Pepper, Tomato, and Cucumber.

[0312] The active ingredients according to the invention are particularly suitable for controlling bean aphids, cucumber leaf beetles (Diabrotica balteata), tobacco shoot borers, peach aphids, diamondback moths, and sea gray winged moths (Spodoptera littoralis) on cotton, vegetables, corn, rice, and soybean crops. These active ingredients according to the invention are also particularly suitable for controlling cabbage borers (preferably on vegetables), codling moths (preferably on apples), small green leafhoppers (preferably in vegetables and vineyards), potato leaf beetles (Leptinotarsa) (preferably on potatoes), and rice stem borers (preferably on rice).

[0313] Compounds having formula (I) are particularly suitable for control: • Hemiptera pests, such as one or more of the following species: whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), bean aphid, peach aphid, rice constrictor aphid (Rhopalosiphum Padi), brown rice fly (Nilaparvata lugens), and hero bug (Euschistus heros) (preferably on sunflowers, vegetables, soybeans, and sugarcane). • Lepidoptera pests, such as one or more of the following species: sea gray-winged moth, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), diamondback moth, rice leaf roller (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), codling moth, soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includes), rice stem borer, South American corn seedling borer (Elasmopalpuslignosellus), soybean looper (Pseudoplusia includens), and tomato leafminer (preferably on vegetables and corn). • Harmful organisms of the order Thysanoptera, such as Thripsidae, including one or more of the tobacco thrips and western flower thrips (preferably on sunflowers and vegetables such as green beans); and • Soil pests (such as Coleoptera), such as species like the cucumber leaf beetle, species of the genus *Tectus*, and the potato beetle (preferably on vegetables and corn).

[0314] The term "crop" should be understood to also include crop plants that have been transformed using recombinant DNA technology to enable them to synthesize one or more selectively acting toxins, such as those known to originate from toxin-producing bacteria, particularly those of the genus Bacillus.

[0315] Toxins that can be expressed by such genetically modified plants include, for example, insecticidal proteins, such as those from Bacillus cereus or Bacillus thuringiensis; or insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as δ-endotoxins, such as Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, and Cry1FA. 2Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1, or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), such as Vip1, Vip2, Vip3, or Vip3A; or insecticidal proteins of nematode-parasitic bacteria, such as species of the genus *Photorhabdus* or species of the genus *Xenorhabdus*, such as *Photorhabdus luminescens* and *Xenorhabdus*. (nematophilus); toxins produced by animals, such as scorpion venom, spider venom, bee venom, and other insect-specific neurotoxins; toxins produced by fungi, such as streptotoxins; lectins, such as pea lectin, barley lectin, or snowdrop lectin; agglutinin; protease inhibitors, such as trypsin inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors, potato glycoprotein, cystatin, and papain inhibitors; ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs), such as ricin, maize-RIP, absinthecin, loofah seed toxin, saponin toxin, or cassia root toxin; steroid metabolic enzymes, such as 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase, decidual steroid-UDP-glycosyltransferase, cholesterol oxidase, decidualin inhibitors, HMG-COA-reductase, ion channel blockers such as sodium or calcium channel blockers, juvenile hormone esterase, diuretic hormone receptor, stilbene synthase, bibenzyl synthase, chitinase, and glucanase.

[0316] In the context of this invention, δ-endotoxins, such as Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, and Cry1FA, are used. 2 Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1, or Cry9C, or vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip), such as Vip1, Vip2, Vip3, or Vip3A, should be understood to obviously also include mixed toxins, truncated toxins, and modified toxins. Mixed toxins are generated through new combinations of different domains of those proteins (see, for example, WO 02 / 15701). Truncated toxins, such as truncated Cry1Ab, are known. In the case of modified toxins, one or more amino acids of the naturally occurring toxin are substituted. In such amino acid substitutions, it is preferable to insert a non-naturally occurring protease recognition sequence into the toxin, for example, as in the case of Cry3A055, a cathepsin-G-recognition sequence is inserted into the Cry3A toxin (see WO 03 / 018810).

[0317] Examples of such toxins or genetically modified plants capable of synthesizing such toxins are disclosed, for example, in EP-A-0 374 753, WO 93 / 07278, WO 95 / 34656, EP-A-0 427 529, EP-A-451 878 and WO 03 / 052073.

[0318] Methods for preparing such transgenic plants are generally known to those skilled in the art and are described in, for example, the disclosures mentioned above. CryI type deoxyribonucleic acid and its preparation are known, for example, from WO 95 / 34656, EP-A-0 367474, EP-A-0 401 979 and WO 90 / 13651.

[0319] Toxins, including those found in genetically modified plants, enable the plants to tolerate harmful insects. These insects can be found in any insect taxonomy, but are particularly common in beetles (Coleoptera), dipterans (Diptera), and moths (Lepidoptera).

[0320] Transgenic plants containing one or more genes encoding insecticidal resistance and expressing one or more toxins are known, and some of them are commercially available. Examples of such plants are: YieldGard® (a maize variety expressing Cry1Ab toxin); YieldGard Rootworm® (a maize variety expressing Cry3Bb1 toxin); YieldGard Plus® (a maize variety expressing both Cry1Ab and Cry3Bb1 toxins); Starlink® (a maize variety expressing Cry9C toxin); and Herculex I® (a maize variety expressing Cry1FA). 2 Toxins and enzymes that induce tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate-ammonium, phosphatidylcholine N-acetyltransferase (PAT); NuCOTN 33B® (cotton variety, expressing Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard I® (cotton variety, expressing Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard II® (cotton variety, expressing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins); VipCot® (cotton variety, expressing Vip3A and Cry1Ab toxins); NewLeaf® (potato variety, expressing Cry3A toxin); NatureGard®, Agrisure® GT Advantage (GA 2 1. Glyphosate tolerance traits), Agrisure® CB Advantage (Bt11 corn borer (CB) traits), and Protecta®.

[0321] Other examples of such genetically modified crops are: 1. Bt11 maize, from Syngenta Seed Company, Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31790 St. Sauveur, France, Registry No. C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10. A genetically modified maize variety that expresses a truncated Cry1Ab toxin, resulting in resistance to the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides). Bt11 maize is also genetically modified to express the PAT enzyme for tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate. 2. Bt176 maize, from Syngenta Seed Company, 27 Hobbit Road, F-31 790 Saint-Soville, France, Registry No. C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10. A genetically modified maize variety that expresses the Cry1Ab toxin transgenically, resulting in resistance to the European corn borer (corn borer and mealybug). Bt176 maize is also transgenically expressed with PAT enzyme to gain tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate-ammonium. 3. MIR604 maize, from Syngenta Seed Company, 27 Hobbit Road, F-31 790 Saint-Soville, France, Registry No. C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10. Insect-resistant maize induced by transgenic expression of a modified Cry3A toxin. This toxin is modified by inserting a cathepsin-G-protease recognition sequence, Cry3A055. The preparation of this type of transgenic maize plant is described in WO 03 / 018810. 4. MON 863 corn, from Monsanto Europe SA, 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C / DE / 02 / 9. MON 863 expresses Cry3Bb1 toxin and is resistant to certain Coleoptera. 5. IPC 531 cotton, from Monsanto Europe, 270-272 Teflon Boulevard, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, registration number C / ES / 96 / 02. 6.1507 maize, from Pioneer Overseas Corporation, Avenue Tedesco, 7 B-1160 Brussels, Belgium, Registry No. C / NL / 00 / 10. Genetically modified maize expressing the protein Cry1F to acquire resistance to certain lepidopteran insects and expressing the PAT protein to acquire tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate. 7. NK603 × MON 810 maize, from Monsanto Europe, 270-272 Boulevard de Teveren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium, Registry No. C / GB / 02 / M3 / 03. This hybrid maize variety was created by crossing the genetically modified cultivar NK603 with MON 810, using conventionally bred hybrid maize varieties. The NK603 × MON 810 maize transgenically expresses the protein CP4 EPSPS obtained from the *Agrobacterium* sp. strain CP4, conferring resistance to the herbicide Roundup® (containing glyphosate), and also expresses the Cry1Ab toxin obtained from *Bacillus thuringiensis* subsp. *kurstaki*, conferring resistance to certain lepidopteran insects, including the European corn borer.

[0322] Transgenic crops of insect-resistant plants were also described in BATS (Zentrum für Biosicherheit und Nachhaltigkeit, BATS Center, Clarastrasse 13, 4058 Basel, Switzerland) report 2003. http: / / bats.ch ).

[0323] The term "crop" should be understood to also include crop plants that have been transformed using recombinant DNA technology to enable them to synthesize selectively active resistance substances, such as so-called "pathogenesis-associated proteins" (PRPs, see, for example, EP-A-0 392 225). Examples of such resistance substances and transgenic plants capable of synthesizing such resistance substances are known, for example, from EP-A-0 392 225, WO 95 / 33818, and EP-A-0 353 191. Methods for producing such transgenic plants are generally known to those skilled in the art and are described in, for example, the disclosures mentioned above.

[0324] Crops can also be modified to enhance their resistance to pathogens such as fungi (e.g., Fusarium, Anthracnose, or Phytophthora), bacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas), or viruses (e.g., Potato Leaf Roll Virus, Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus, Cucumber Mosaic Virus).

[0325] Crops also include those that have enhanced resistance to nematodes such as the soybean heterodermal nematode.

[0326] Crops that are tolerant to abiotic stresses include those that, for example, have increased tolerance to drought, high salinity, high temperature, cold, frost, or light radiation by expressing NF-YB or other proteins known in the art.

[0327] Antipathogenic substances that can be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, ion channel blockers, such as sodium and calcium channel blockers, such as viral KP1, KP4 or KP6 toxins; stilbene synthase; bibenzyl synthase; chitinase; glucanase; so-called "pathogenesis-associated proteins" (PRP; see, for example, EP-A-0 392 225); antipathogenic substances produced by microorganisms, such as peptide antibiotics or heterocyclic antibiotics (see, for example, WO 95 / 33818) or proteins or polypeptide factors involved in plant pathogen defense (so-called "plant disease resistance genes", as described in WO 03 / 000906).

[0328] Another area of ​​use for the compositions according to the invention is the protection of stored articles and storage rooms, as well as the protection of raw materials such as timber, textiles, flooring, or buildings, and also in the field of hygiene, particularly the protection of humans, livestock, and productive animals from pests of the types mentioned.

[0329] This invention provides compounds for use in a first aspect of therapy. This invention provides compounds for controlling parasites internal or external to an animal. This invention further provides compounds for controlling ectoparasites in an animal. This invention further provides compounds for preventing and / or treating diseases transmitted by ectoparasites.

[0330] This invention provides the use of the compound of the first aspect for manufacturing a medicament for controlling parasites inside or on the surface of animals. This invention further provides the use of the compound of the first aspect for manufacturing a medicament for controlling ectoparasites in animals. This invention further provides the use of the compound of the first aspect for manufacturing a medicament for preventing and / or treating diseases transmitted by ectoparasites.

[0331] This invention provides the use of the compound of the first aspect in controlling parasites inside or on the surface of animals. This invention further provides the use of the compound of the first aspect in controlling ectoparasites of animals.

[0332] When used in the context of parasites inside or on the surface of an animal, the term "control" refers to reducing the number of pests or parasites, eliminating pests or parasites, and / or preventing further infestation by pests or parasites.

[0333] When used in the context of parasites inside or on the surface of an animal, the term "treatment" refers to the suppression, mitigation, cessation, or reversal of the progression or severity of existing symptoms or disease.

[0334] When used in the context of parasites inside or on the surface of an animal, the term "prevention" refers to the avoidance of the development of symptoms or disease in the animal.

[0335] When used in the context of parasites inside or on the body of an animal, the term "animal" can refer to both mammals and non-mammals, such as birds or fish. In the case of mammals, it can be either human or non-human mammals. Non-human mammals include, but are not limited to, livestock and pets. Livestock include, but are not limited to, cattle, camels, pigs, sheep, goats, and horses. Pets include, but are not limited to, dogs, cats, and rabbits.

[0336] Parasites are harmful organisms that live inside or on the surface of a host animal and benefit from it by obtaining nutrients at the expense of the host. Internal parasites are parasites that live inside the body of a host animal. External parasites are parasites that live on the surface of the body of a host animal. External parasites include, but are not limited to, ticks, insects, and crustaceans (such as sea lice). The subclass Ticks (or Acari) includes ticks and mites. Ticks include, but are not limited to, members of the following genera: *Rhipicaphalus*, such as *Rhipicaphalus microplus* (Boophilus microplus) and *Rhipicephalus sanguineus*; *Amblyomrna*; *Dermacentor*; *Haemaphysalis*; *Hyalomma*; *Ixodes*; *Rhipicentor*; *Margaropus*; *Argas*; *Otobius*; and *Ornithodoros*. Mites include, but are not limited to, members of the following genera: *Dermatophytes*, such as *Mammillaria cirrhosa*; *Ophioglossia*, such as *Mammillaria gravidarum*; *Ceratophytes*; *Dermatophytes*, such as *Dermatophytes gravidarum*; *Ortnithonyssus*; *Demodex*, such as *Demodex canis*; *Scabies*, such as *Scabies mansii*; and *Scabies*. Insects include, but are not limited to, members of the following orders: *Fleas*, *Diptera*, *Liceta*, *Lepidoptera*, *Coleoptera*, and *Homoptera*. Members of the order *Fleas* include, but are not limited to, *Ctenocephatides canis* and *Ctenocephatides canis*. Members of the order *Diptera* include, but are not limited to, species of *Housefly*; *Dermatophytes*, such as *Hippophae rhamnoides* and *Hemiptera*; *Bungarus*, such as *Bungarus* and *Tabunus*; *Hippophae rhamnoides*, such as *Bungarus*; *Stomoxys*; *Leptochloa*; midges; and mosquitoes. Members of the order Tetranychida include, but are not limited to, blood-sucking lice and chewing lice, such as the woolly lice (Bovicola ovis) and the cow lice.

[0337] When used in the context of parasites inside or outside an animal, the term "effective amount" refers to the amount or dose of the compound of the present invention or a salt thereof, which, when administered to an animal in a single or multiple doses, provides the desired effect inside or outside the animal. An attending diagnostic expert (as a person skilled in the art) can readily determine the effective amount by using known techniques and by observing results obtained under similar conditions. In determining the effective amount, the attending diagnostic expert considers a number of factors, including but not limited to: the species of the mammal; its size, age, and general health status; the parasite to be controlled and the extent of infection; the specific disease or symptom involved; the extent or severity of the disease or symptom; the individual response; the specific compound administered; the administration pattern; the bioavailability characteristics of the administered formulation; the selected dosage regimen; the use of concomitant drugs; and other relevant factors.

[0338] The compounds of the present invention can be administered to animals via any route having the desired effect, including but not limited to topical, oral, parenteral, and subcutaneous administration. Topical administration is preferred. Formulations suitable for topical administration include, for example, solutions, emulsions, and suspensions, and can be in the form of pouring, dotting, spraying, spray race, or dipping. Alternatively, the compounds of the present invention can be administered via ear tags or collars.

[0339] The salt forms of the compounds of the present invention include both pharmaceutically acceptable and veterinary acceptable salts, which may differ from those chemically acceptable for agricultural use. Pharmaceutically and veterinary acceptable salts and common methods for preparing them are well known in the art. See, for example, Gould, PL, "Salt selection for basic drugs", International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 33: 201-217 (1986); Bastin, RJ et al., "Salt Selection and Optimization Procedures for Pharmaceutical New Chemical Entities", Organic Process Research and Development, 4: 427-435 (2000); and Berge, SM et al., "Pharmaceutical Salts", Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 66: 1-19, (1977). Those skilled in the art of synthesis will understand that, using techniques and conditions well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the compounds of the present invention can be readily converted into salts and can be separated as salts (such as hydrochlorides). Furthermore, those skilled in the art of synthesis will understand that the compounds of the present invention can be readily converted into the corresponding free bases and can be separated from the corresponding salts as the corresponding free bases.

[0340] The present invention also provides a method for controlling pests such as mosquitoes and other disease vectors; see also http: / / www.who.int / malaria / vector_control / irs / en / . In one embodiment, the method for controlling pests includes applying the composition of the invention to the target pests, their location, or a surface or substrate by brushing, rolling, spraying, sprinkling, or impregnation. By way of example, the method of the present invention is contemplated for application of IRS (Indoor Residual Spray) to surfaces such as walls, ceilings, or floor surfaces. In another embodiment, the application of such compositions to substrates, such as nonwoven or woven materials, in the form of mesh fabrics, covers, bedding, curtains, and tents (or materials that can be used in the manufacture of these articles), is contemplated.

[0341] In one embodiment, a method for controlling such pests includes applying a biocidally effective amount of the composition of the invention to the target pests, to their location, or to a surface or substrate to provide effective residual biocidal activity on the surface or substrate. This application can be carried out by brushing, rolling, spraying, sprinkling, or impregnating the biocidal composition of the invention. By way of example, the method of the invention is considered for IRS application to surfaces (such as wall, ceiling, or floor surfaces) to provide effective residual biocidal activity on the surface. In another embodiment, the application of such a composition for residual control of pests on a substrate, such as a fabric material (or potentially used in the manufacture of these articles) in the form of netting, coverings, bedding, curtains, and tents, is considered.

[0342] The substrate to be treated (including nonwovens, fabrics, or meshes) can be made of natural fibers such as cotton, raffia leaf fibers, jute, flax, sisal, burlap, or wool, or synthetic fibers such as polyamide, polyester, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, etc. Polyester is particularly suitable. Methods for treating textiles are known, for example, WO 2008 / 151984, WO 2003 / 034823, US 5631072, WO 2005 / 64072, WO 2006 / 128870, EP 1724392, WO 2005 / 113886, or WO2007 / 090739.

[0343] Another area of ​​application for the compositions according to the invention is tree injection / trunk treatment for all ornamental trees and all kinds of fruit and nut trees.

[0344] In the field of tree injection / trunk treatment, the compounds according to the invention are particularly suitable for combating wood-boring insects from the Lepidoptera and Coleoptera mentioned above, especially those listed in Tables A and B below: Table A. Examples of economically important invasive wood-boring insects. Table B. Examples of local wood-boring insects of economic importance.

[0345] This invention can also be used to control any insect pests that can exist in lawn grass, including, for example, beetles, caterpillars, fire ants, ground pearls, millipedes, sowbugs, mites, mole crickets, scale insects, mealybugs, ticks, froghoppers, southern wheat bugs, and grubs. This invention can be used to control insect pests at all stages of their life cycle, including eggs, larvae, nymphs, and adults.

[0346] Specifically, this invention can be used to control insect pests that feed on the roots of lawn grasses, including grubs (such as Cyclocephala spp., e.g., the marked scarab beetle, C. lurida), Rhizotrogus (e.g., the European scarab beetle, R. majalis), Cotinus (e.g., the green June beetle, C. nitida), Popillia spp. (e.g., the Japanese beetle, P. japonica), Phyllophoraga spp. (e.g., the May / June beetle), Ataenius (e.g., the Black turfgrass ataenius, A. spretulus), Malladeras spp. (e.g., the Asiatic garden beetle, M. castanea and Tomarus), ground pearl (Margarodes spp.), mole crickets (brownish-yellow, southern, and short-winged; Scapteriscus spp., Gryllotalpa africana) and leatherjackets (European crane fly, Tipula spp.)).

[0347] This invention can also be used to control insect pests in lawn grasses of thatched houses, including armyworms (such as the fall armyworm and the common armyworm Pseudaletia unipuncta), root cutters, weevils (species of the genus Sphenophorus, such as S. venatusverstitus and S. parvulus), and grass moths (such as species of the genus Crambus and the tropical grass moth Herpetogramma phaeopteralis).

[0348] This invention can also be used to control insect pests in turfgrass that live on the ground and feed on the leaves of turfgrass, including wheat bugs (such as southern wheat bugs and southern stem bugs (Blissus insularis)), bermudagrass mite (Eriophyes cynodoniensis), grass mealybug (Antonina graminis)), two-lined grasshopper (Propsapia bicincta), leafhoppers, root-cutting moths (Noctuidae), and wheat aphid.

[0349] This invention can also be used to control other harmful organisms in lawn grass, such as introduced red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta) that create nests in lawns.

[0350] In the field of hygiene, the compositions according to the invention are effective against ectoparasites such as hard ticks, soft ticks, scabies mites, fall mites, flies (biting and licking), parasitic fly larvae, lice, hair lice, bird lice and fleas.

[0351] Examples of this type of parasite are: • Lice: Species of the genera *Linognathus*, *Phtirus*, *Phtirus*, and *Phtirus*. • Order Trichophagia: Species of the genera *Hymenopteris*, *Hymenopteris*, *Hymenopteris*, *Hymenopteris*, *Hymenopteris*, *Hymenopteris*, *Hymenopteris*, *Hymenopteris*, *Hymenopteris*, *Hymenopteris*, and *Hymenopteris*. • Diptera and suborders Aedes and Brachycera, such as the genera *Aedes*, *Anopheles*, *Culex*, *Blackflies*, *Gnaphalium*, *Culex*, *Tectus*, *Tabernae*, *Tabernae*, *Tabernae*, *Philipomyia* spp., *Fly*, *Fly*, *Fly*, *Fly*, *Fly*, *Morllia* spp., *Toilet Fly*, *Trichogramma*, *Blowfly*, *Green Fly*, *Gold Fly*, *Fly*, *Wood Fly*, *Hornet Fly*, *Hornet*, *Bombyx*, *Fly*, *Lipoptena* spp., and *Tick Fly*. • Siphonapterida, including species of the genera *Pulex*, *Xenopsylla*, and *Xenopsylla*. • Heteropterida, such as species of the genera *Pycnodon*, *Triatomine*, *Aspergillus*, and *Panstrongylus* spp. • Blattarida, including species such as the oriental cockroach (Blatta orientalis), the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana), the German cockroach (Blattelagermanica), and species of the genus Supella (Supella spp.). • Subclass Acaria (family Acarida) and orders Meta-stigmata and Meso-stigmata, including species of the genera *Argas*, *Ornithodorus*, *Otobius*, *Ixodes*, *Amblyommas*, *Boophilus*, *Dermacentor*, *Haemophysalis*, *Hyalomma*, *Rhipicephalus*, *Dermanyssus*, *Raillietia*, and *Pneumonyssus*. spp.), species of the genus *Sternostoma* spp., and species of the genus *Varroaspp.*. • Order Actinedida (prostigmata) and Acaridida (Astigmata), including species of the genera *Acarapis* spp., *Cheyletiella* spp., *Ornithocheyletia* spp., *Myobia* spp., *Psorergates* spp., *Demodex* spp., *Trombicula* spp., *Listrophorus* spp., *Acarus* spp., *Tyrophagus* spp., *Caloglyphus* spp., *Hypodectes* spp., and *Pterolichus*. Species of the genera *Psoroptes*, *Chorioptes*, *Otodectes*, *Sarcoptes*, *Notoedress*, *Knemidocoptes*, *Cytodites*, and *Laminosioptes*.

[0352] The compositions according to the invention are also suitable for protecting materials such as wood, textiles, plastics, adhesives, glues, paints, paper and cards, leather, flooring and buildings from insect infestation.

[0353] The compositions according to the invention can be used, for example, to combat the following pests: beetles such as the North American house longhorn beetle (Hylotrupes bajulus), the long-haired longhorn beetle (Chlorophorus pilosis), the furniture thief (Anobium punctatum), the red-haired thief (Xestobium rufovillosum), the comb-horned thief (Ptilinuspecticornis), the dendrobium pertinex, the pine bud thief (Ernobius mollis), the primed carpini, the brown powdery beetle (Lyctus brunneus), the African powdery beetle (Lyctus africanus), the southern powdery beetle (Lyctus planicollis), the oak powdery beetle (Lyctus linearis), the pubescens powdery beetle (Lyctus pubescens), and the breast powdery beetle (Trogoxylon). The species include *Aequale*, *Minthesrugicollis*, *Xyleborus* spp., *Tryptodendron* spp., *Apate monachus*, *Bostrychus capucins*, *Heterobostrychus brunneus*, *Sinoxylon* spp., and *Dinoderus minutus*, as well as hymenopterans such as *Sirexjuvencus*, *Urocerus gigas*, *Urocerus gigas taignus*, and *Urocerus augur*, and termites such as *Kalotermes flavicollis*, *Cryptotermes brevis*, and *Heterotermes*. The termites include *Indicola*, *Reticulitermes flavipes*, *Reticulitermes santonensis*, *Reticulitermes lucifugus*, *Mastotermes darwiniensis*, *Zootermopsis nevadensis*, and *Coptotermes formosanus*, as well as wood-boring insects such as silverfish (*Lepisma saccharina*).

[0354] Compounds having formulas I and I'a, or salts thereof, are particularly suitable for controlling one or more pests selected from the following families: Noctuidae, Pyrenidae, Chrysophagidae, Thrips, Stink Bugs, Toxascaridae, Planthoppers, Aphids, Noctuidae, Pyralidae, Root-knot Nematodes, and Heterodermidae. In a preferred embodiment of each aspect, compound TX (where the abbreviation "TX" means "a compound selected from the compounds defined in Tables A-1 to A-52, Tables B-1 to B-52 and Table P") controls one or more pests selected from the following families: Noctuidae, Pyrenidae, Chrysophagidae, Thrips, Stink Bugs, Toxascaridae, Planthoppers, Aphids, Noctuidae, Pyralidae, Root-knot Nematodes, and Heterodermidae.

[0355] Compounds having formulas I and I'a, or salts thereof, are particularly suitable for controlling one or more pests selected from the following genera: species of the genera *Gnaphalium*, *Pissula*, *Thrips*, *Pseudomonas*, *Lepidoptera*, *Carex*, *Brassica*, *Aphid*, *Aphid*, *Lepidoptera*, *Aphid*, *Cyprinus*, *Cyprinus*, and *Cyprinus*.

[0356] In a preferred embodiment of each aspect, compound TX (wherein the abbreviation "TX" means "a compound selected from the compounds defined in Tables A-1 to A-52, Tables B-1 to B-52 and Table P") controls one or more pests selected from the following genera: species of the genera *Ophiocortis*, *Prunella*, *Thrips*, *Periplaneta*, *Carex*, *Brassica*, *Aphid*, *Aphid*, *Lepidoptera*, *Aphid*, *Ophiocortis*, and *Periplaneta*.

[0357] Compounds having formulas I and I'a or their salts are particularly suitable for controlling one or more of the following: sea grebe moth, diamondback moth, western flower thrips, tobacco thrips, hero American bug, codling moth, brown rice leafhopper, peach aphid, soybean looper, soybean aphid, cucumber leaf beetle, cereal constrictor aphid, and rice stem borer.

[0358] In preferred embodiments of each aspect, compound TX (wherein the abbreviation "TX" means "a compound selected from the compounds defined in Tables A-1 to A-52, Tables B-1 to B-52 and Table P") controls one or more of the following: sea nymph, diamondback moth, western flower thrips, tobacco thrips, American stink bug, codling moth, brown rice leafhopper, peach aphid, soybean looper, soybean aphid, cucumber leaf beetle, cereal constrictor aphid, and rice stem borer, such as sea nymph + TX, diamondback moth + TX; western flower thrips + TX, tobacco thrips + TX, American stink bug + TX, codling moth + TX, brown rice leaf beetle + TX, peach aphid + TX, soybean looper + TX, soybean aphid + TX, cucumber leaf beetle + TX, cereal constrictor aphid + TX, and rice stem borer + TX.

[0359] In the embodiments of each aspect, compounds selected from those defined in Tables A-1 to A-52, Tables B-1 to B-52 and Table P are suitable for controlling the following pests on cotton, vegetables, corn, cereals, rice and soybean crops: diamondback moth, western flower thrips, tobacco thrips, American stink bug, codling moth, brown rice leafhopper, peach aphid, soybean looper, soybean aphid, cucumber leaf beetle, cereal constrictor aphid and rice stem borer.

[0360] In each aspect of the embodiments, compounds selected from those defined in Tables A-1 to A-52, Tables B-1 to B-52 and Table P are suitable for controlling the cabbage looper (Mamestra) (preferably on vegetables), the codling moth (preferably on apples), the small green leafhopper (Empoasca) (preferably on vegetables and vineyards), the potato leaf beetle (Leptinotarsa) (preferably on potatoes), and the rice stem borer (preferably on rice).

[0361] Compounds according to the invention can have any number of benefits, particularly including favorable levels of bioactivity for protecting plants against insects or superior properties for use as active ingredients in agrochemicals (e.g., higher bioactivity, favorable activity spectrum, increased safety (against non-target organisms such as fish, birds, and bees), improved physicochemical properties, or increased biodegradability). Specifically, it has now been unexpectedly found that certain compounds having formula (I) can exhibit favorable safety relative to non-target arthropods, particularly pollinators (e.g., honeybees, solitary bees, and bumblebees). Most particularly, relative to the Italian bee (Apis mellifera).

[0362] Preferred combinations are those of a compound having Formula I and another active substance in a 1:1 weight ratio, wherein the abbreviation "TX" means "a compound selected from the compounds defined in Tables A-1 to A-52, Tables B-1 to B-52 and Table P": (7E,9Z)-Dodec-7,9-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (9Z,11E)-Tetradec-9,11-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (9Z,12E)-Tetradec-9,12-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (E)-6-methylhept-2-en-4-ol + TX, (E)-dec-5-en-1-yl acetate and (E)-dec-5-en-1-ol + TX, (E)-Tedec-4-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (E,Z)-Tetradec-4,10-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-Dodec-7-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-Hexadec-11-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-Hexadec-11-enal + TX, (Z)-hexadec-13-en-11-yn-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-eicos-13-en-10-one + TX, (Z)-tetradec-7-en-1-al + TX, (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-ol + TX, (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-yl acetate + TX, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane + TX, 1,2-dichloropropane + TX, 1,2-dichloropropane and 1,3-dichloropropene + TX, 1,3-dichloropropene + TX, 14-methyloctadec-1-ene + TX, 1-hydroxy-1H-pyridine-2-thione + TX, 2-(octylthio)ethanol + TX, 2-chlorophenyl N-methylcarbamate (CPMC) + TX, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylrhodanine + TX, 3,4-Dichlorotetrahydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide + TX, 4-(quinoxalo-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide + TX, 4-methylnon-5-ol and 4-methylnon-5-one + TX, 5-methyl-6-thio-1,3,5-thiadiazin-3-ylacetic acid + TX, 6-isopentenylaminopurine + TX, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate + TX, abamectin + TX, miticide + TX, acetamiprid + TX, acetamiprid + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, acynonapyr + TX, cotton brown leafroller GV + TX, bispyribac-methyl + TX, afralan + TX, agrobacterium radioduran + TX, AKD-3088 + TX, cotton bollworm + TX, aldicarb + TX, aldicarb + TX, pyrethrum + TX TX, cis-cypermethrin + TX, high-efficiency cypermethrin + TX, alpha-multistriatin + TX, *Amblyseius* species + TX, sulfadiazine + TX, amino acids + TX, cypermethrin + TX, celery cutworm NPV + TX, *Protoceratops chinensis* + TX, *Aphidius short-spurred* +TX, cotton aphid parasitic wasp + TX, aphid gall midge + TX, azoxystrobin + TX, alfalfa silver-striped moth NPV + TX, AZ 60541 + TX, azadirachtin + TX, triazole tin + TX, Bacillus spp. catfish + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus AQ746 (NRRL registry B-21 618) + TX, Bacillus stolonifer + TX, Bacillus spp. Kurstak + TX, Bacillus mycosis fungoides AQ726 (NRRL registry B-21664) + TX, Bacillus pumilus (NRRL registry B-30087) + TX, Bacillus pumilus AQ717 (NRRL registry B-21662) + TX, Bacillus spp. species AQ175 (ATCC registry 55608) + TX, Bacillus species AQ177 (ATCC accession number 55609) + TX, Bacillus species AQ178 (ATCC accession number 53522) + TX, Bacillus spheroidae + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ153 (ATCC accession number 55614) + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ30002 (NRRL accession number B-50421) + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ30004 (NRRL accession number B-50455) + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ713 (NRRL accession number B-21661) + TX, Bacillus subtilis AQ743 (NRRL accession number B-21665) + TX, Unspecified Bacillus subtilis + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis AQ52 (NRRL accession number B-21619) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis BD#32 (NRRL Registry No. B-21530) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Ayuzawa + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Israel + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Japan + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstak + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Tenebrionis + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstak BMP 123 + TX, Beauveria bassiana + TX, Beauveria bassiana + TX, Benzyl + TX, Benomyl + TX, Sulfuric acid + TX, Acaricide + TX, Pyrimethanil + TX, β-Cypermethrin + TX, β-Cypermethrin + TX, Vermiculin + TX, Bifenazate + TX, Bifenthrin + TX, Acaricide + TX, bio-allethrin + TX, bio-benzylfuran + TX, bis(tributyltin)oxide + TX, bis(azir)methamidophos sulfide (bisazir) + TX, bis(triflufenoxuron) + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, western pine bark beetle aggregate pheromone (brevicomin) +TX, Broflanilide + TX, Delemmonyl + TX, Bromoacetamide + TX, Bromothion-Ethyl + TX, Bromonitol + TX, Busulfan + TX, Butanol + TX, Butopyronoxyl + TX, Butoxyl (polypropylene glycol) + TX, Butylpyridinium + TX, Thiophanate + TX, Calcium Arsenate + TX, Sevin + TX, Carbofuran + TX, Carbon Disulfide + TX, Butylcarbofuran + TX, Bataan + TX, CAS No.: 1594624-87-9 + TX, CAS No.: 1922957-47-8 + TX, CAS No.: 1255091-74-7 + TX, CAS No.: 1365070-72-9 + TX, CAS No.: 1445683-71-5 + TX, CAS No.: 1445684-82-1 + TX, CAS No.: 1594626-19-3 + TX, CAS No.: 1594637-65-6 + TX, CAS No.: 1632218-00-8 + TX, CAS No.: 1808115-49-2 + TX, CAS No.: 1922957-46-7 + TX, CAS No.: 1922957-48-9 + TX, CAS No.: 1956329-03-5 + TX, CAS No.: 1990457-52-7 + TX, CAS No.: 1990457-55-0 + TX, CAS No.: 1990457-57-2 + TX, CAS No.: 1990457-66-3 + TX, CAS No.: 1990457-77-6 + TX, CAS No.: 1990457-85-6 + TX, CAS No.: 2032403-97-5 + TX, CAS No.: 2044701-44-0 + TX, CAS No.: 2095470-94-1 + TX, CAS No.: 2128706-04-5 + TX, CAS No.: 2128706-05-6 + TX, CAS No.: 2133042-31-4 + TX, CAS No.: 2133042-44-9 + TX, CAS No.: 2171099-09-3 + TX, CAS No.: 2220132-55-6 + TX, CAS No.: 2396747-83-2 + TX, CAS No.: 2408220-91-5 + TX, CAS No.: 2408220-94-8 + TX, CAS No.: 2415706-16-8 + TX, Polyfluorinated diamide + TX, CAS No.: 2719848-60-7 +TX, CAS No.: RNA (Potato Beetle-Specific Recombinant Double-Stranded Interference GS2) + TX, Chlorantraniliprole + TX, Chlordane + TX, Bromnifloxacin + TX, Chlorothalonil + TX, Chlorpyrifos + TX, Cyclofenac + TX, Chrysoperla carnea + TX, Clenbuterol + TX, Naproxetil + TX, Thiamethoxam + TX, Codlelure + TX, Codlemone + TX, Copper Arsenite + TX, Copper Dioctanoate + TX, Copper Hydroxide + TX, Copper Sulfate + TX, Cresol + TX, Phosphate + TX, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri + TX, Cuelure + TX, Benzoate + TX, Bromnifloxacin + TX TX, cybutryne + TX, cyclobutrifluram + TX, pyrethroid + TX, epoxim + TX, codling moth GV + TX, pyridaben + TX, cyetpyrafen + TX, fenflurfen + TX, lambda-cyhalothrin + TX, cyhalothrin + TX, deltamethrin + TX, cyproflanilide + TX, cyromazine + TX, cytokinin + TX, Dacnusa sibirica + TX, dazomet + TX, DBCP + TX, DCIP + TX, deltamethrin + TX, acaricide + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, diamidophos + TX TX, dibromide + TX, dibutyl adipate + TX, dibutyl phthalate + TX, dibutyl succinate + TX, phosmet + TX, dichloronaphthoquinone + TX, dichlorophenol + TX, didiciphos + TX, dichlorvos + TX, DEET + TX, diflubenzuron + TX, pea leafminer wasp (Diglyphus isaea) + TX, dimatif + TX, dimethoate + TX, dimethyl carbate + TX, dimethyl phthalate + TX, diimpropyridaz + TX, bispyribac + TX, abamectin + TX, difenoconazole + TX, pyrithione + TXTX, disparlure + TX, D-limonene + TX, dodecano-8-en-1-yl acetate + TX, dodecano-9-en-1-yl acetate + TX, dodecano-8,10-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, dodecylene + TX, dominicalure + TX, dolactin + TX, emamectin + TX, emamectin benzoate + TX, dextromethorphan + TX, Encarsia formosa + TX, cypermethrin + TX, isodrin + TX, elinocritin + TX, epsilon-momothrin + TX, epsilon-methoxybenzylfluthrin + TX, Eretmocerus eremicus + TX, cypermethrin + TX, ethion + TX, acetamiprid + TX, ethoprophos + TX, ethyl 4-methyloctanoate + TX, ethylhexane + TX, dibromoethane + TX, ethoxysulfuron + TX, etoxazole + TX, etpyrafen + TX, eugenol + TX, seaweed extract and glycoyl-derived fermentation products + TX, seaweed extract and glycoyl-derived fermentation products (including urea) + TX, seaweed extract and fermented plant products + TX, seaweed extract and fermented plant products (including plant hormones, vitamins, EDTA chelated copper, zinc, and iron) + TX, phosmet + TX, sodium dichloroisocyanurate + TX, fenamiphos + TX, quinalfen + TX, pendimethalin + TX, fenitrothion + TX, fenmezoditiaz + TX, sec-butylcarbide + TX, fenthiocarb + TX, phenoxycarb + TX, cypermethrin + TX, fenpyrad + TX, azoxystrobin + TX, fenpyroxene + TX, fenthion + TX, triphenyltin + TX, cypermethrin + TX, ferric phosphate + TX, fipronil + TX, fometoquin + TX, flupyridine + TX, pyrimethanil + TX, trifluralin + TX, pyridaben + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flucitrinate + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron [318290-98-1] + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, pyrimethanil + TX, trifluralin + TX, butenpyram + TX, fluhexafon + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TXTX, Fluopyram + TX, Flupyrofurone + TX, Flupyrimin + TX, Flupyroxystrobin + TX, Fluralaner + TX, Lambda-cyhalothrin + TX, Fluxametamide + TX, Formaldehyde + TX, Fosthiazate + TX, Fosthietan + TX, Frontalin + TX, Furfural + TX, γ-Cypermethrin + TX, Gossyplure® (a 1:1 mixture of (Z,E) and (Z,Z) isomers of hexadecyl-7,11-dien-1-yl-acetate) + TX, Grandlure + TX, Grandlure I + TX, Grandlure II + TX TX, TX-attracting compound III + TX, TX-attracting compound IV + TX, granulovirus + TX, imidacloprid + TX, GY-81 + TX, benzoyl permethrin + TX, chlorfenapyr + TX, Harpin + TX, bollworm nucleopolyhedrovirus + TX, gluten looper NPV + TX, gluten looper nucleopolyhedrovirus + TX, Australian bollworm nucleopolyhedrovirus + TX, tobacco shoot looper nucleopolyhedrovirus + TX, hemel + TX, hempa + TX, pyrethroid + TX, phosmet + TX, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and H. megidis + TX, hexalure + TX, hexamide + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, Hippodamia convergens + TX, Flufenoxuron + TX, Mercurochrome + TX, Quicklime + TX, Imidacloprid + TX, Imidacloprid + TX, Propyrimethanil + TX, Indazapyroxamet + TX, Indoxacarb + TX, Iodine + TX, Iprodione + TX, Ipsdienol + TX, Ipsenol + TX, Isamidophos + TX, Chlorpyrifos + TX, Isoxazol + TX, Isoflualanam (CAS No.: 2892524-05-7) + TX, Isophora + TX, Ivermectin + TX, Japonilure +TX, κ-bifenthrin + TX, κ-heptafluthrin + TX, kasugamycin + TX, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate + TX, kinetin + TX, λ-cyhalothrin + TX, ledprona + TX, rapamycin + TX, Leptomastix dactylopii + TX, lineatin + TX, litlure + TX, looplure + TX, lotilaner + TX, clofenuron + TX, macrorolophus caliginosus + TX, cabbage looper NPV + TX, mecarphon + TX, medlure + TX, megatomoic acid + TX, cyfluthrin + TX, metaldehyde + TX, methylphenidate + TX, methylphenidate potassium salt + TX, methylphenidate sodium salt + TX, Metaphycus helvolus + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae + TX, Metarhizium species + TX, metepa + TX, methiotepa + TX, methomyl + TX, methoquin-butyl + TX, methoxyfenozide + TX, methyl apholate + TX, methyl bromide + TX, methyl eugenol + TX, methyl isothiocyanate + TX, methylneodecanamide + TX, methoxyfenozide + TX, methoxyfenozide + TX, methoxyfenozide + TX, acaricide + TX, milbemime + TX, momfluorothrin + TX, morzid + TX, moxifloxacin + TX, muscalure + TX, Muscodoralbus 620 (NRRL Registry No. 30547) + TX, Muscodor roseus A3-5 (NRRL Registry No. 30548) + TX, Varicella vesicola composition + TX, sodium mancozeb + TX, NC-184 + TX, neem-based products + TX, NeodiprionThe following are examples of insecticides used in insecticides: *N. lecontei* NPV and *N. lecontei* NPV + TX, nickel di(dimethyldithiocarbamate) + TX, nicofluprole + TX, nitenpyram + TX, nitenpyram + TX, trichloromethylpyridine + TX, octadec-2,13-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, octadec-3,13-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, octathiazone + TX, omethoate + TX, orfralure + TX, *Symplocos spp.* species + TX, oryctalure + TX, ostramone + TX, oxamate + TX, oxazolidin + TX, oxazosulfyl + TX. TX, Oxytetracycline + TX, Oxytetracycline + TX, Paecilomyces flavum + TX, Paecilomyces lilacinus + TX, Parathion-ethyl + TX, Pasteurella multocida + TX, Pasteurella punctata + TX, Pasteurella mycoides + TX, Pasteuria thornei + TX, Pasteurella + TX, p-cymene + TX, penfluron + TX, pentachlorophenol + TX, permethrin + TX, phenoxybenzyl + TX, phorate + TX, phosphatidylcholine + TX, phosphocarb + TX, Phytoseiulus persimilis + TX, picaridin + TX, piocin + TX, piperazine + TX, piperazine + TX, piperazine + butyl ether + TX, pirimicarb + TX TX, pyrimidinium ethyl + TX, pyrimidinium methyl + TX, diamondback moth granulovirus + TX, diamondback moth nucleopolyhedrovirus + TX, polyhedrovirus + TX, potassium and molybdenum and EDTA chelated manganese + TX, potassium ethyl xanthate + TX, potassium hydroxyquinoline sulfate + TX, propargite + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, profenofos + TX, propofol + TX, chlorfenapyr + TX, propoxur + TX, propoxur + TX, prothion + TX, protrifenbute + TX, pyflubumide + TX, pymetrozine + TX, pyrazophos + TX, pyrafluprole + TX, pyrethroid + TX, acetamiprid + TX, pyridine-4-amine +TX, pyrifluquinazon + TX, pyriminostrobin + TX, pyriminostrobin + TX, pyrazosulfan [394730-71-3] + TX, pyrazosulfan + TX, fenvalerate + TX, QRD 420 (terpene blend) + TX, QRD 452 (terpene blend) + TX, QRD 460 (terpene blend) + TX, soapberry + TX, quinoclamine + TX, quinonamid + TX, benzylfuran + TX, Rhodococcus aureus AQ719 (NRRL registration number B-21663) + TX, sarolaner + TX, S-bioallethrin + TX, sebufos + TX, silachlor + TX, siglure + TX, flusilazole + TX, simazine + TX, sodium pentachlorophenate + TX, sordidin + TX, spiroxamat + TX, spinosad + TX, spinosad + TX, spirobudifen + TX, spirodiclofen + TX, spirodiclofen + TX, spiropidion + TX, spirodiclofen + TX, Spodoptera exigua multicapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus + TX, fall armyworm nucleopolyhedrosis virus + TX, Steinernema bibionis + TX, Steinernema carpocapsae + TX, Steinernema glaseri + TX TX, Steinernema riobrave + TX, Steinernema riobravis + TX, Steinernema scapterisci + TX, Steinernema spp. + TX, Streptomyces galbus (NRRL Registry No. 30232) + TX, Streptomyces Species (NRRL Registry No. B-30145) + TX, Streptomycin + TX, Streptomycin Sesquisulfate + TX, Strychnine + TX, Sulcatol + TX, Sulfiflumin (CAS No.: 2377084-09-6) + TX, Sulfadiazine +TX, tazimcarb + TX, tebufenozide + TX, pyridaben + TX, tebupirimiphos + TX, phosmet + TX, heptafluthrin + TX, dithion + TX, tepa + TX, terbam + TX, terbufos + TX, terpene blend + TX, tetrachlorantraniliprole + TX, tetrachlorothiophene + TX, tetradec-11-en-1-ylacetate + TX, tetradiphon + TX, pyrethroid + TX, tetrafluthrin + TX, acaricide + TX, tetrazolium + TX, θ-cypermethrin + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, thiafenox + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, insecticidal ring + TX, Thiamethoxam + TX, Dimethoate + TX, Thiomethenium + TX, Thimerosal + TX, Methyl phorate + TX, Insecticidal + TX, Topsin + TX, Carbohydrate + TX, Thiothiophanate-methyl + TX, Tiragolaner + TX, Tiorantraniliprole + TX, Tioxazafen + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Toxaphene + TX, Tetrabromopyrethrin + TX, Tetrafluthrin + TX, Tratamide + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Triazophos + TX, Triazophos + TX, Triazulon + TX, Tributyltin oxide + TX, Trichlorfon + TX, Toxaphene + TX, Trichlorphon + TX, Trichogrammae species + TX, Trifenmorph + TX, trifluenfuronate + TX, triflumezopyrim + TX, Mediterranean fruit fly attractant (trimedlure) + TX, Mediterranean fruit fly attractant A + TX, Mediterranean fruit fly attractant B1 + TX, Mediterranean fruit fly attractant B2 + TX, Mediterranean fruit fly attractant C + TX, trimethacarb + TX, triphenyltin acetate + TX, triphenyltin hydroxide + TX, trunc-call + TX, tyclopyrazoflor + TX, Typhlodromus occidentalis + TX, urethaneimine + TX, Verticillium lecanii + TX, Verticillium species+TX, xylenol +TX, YI-5302 +TX, zeatin +TX, ζ-cypermethrin +TX; N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-ethyl-N'-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-[(2-trifluoromethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]phenyl]-N-methylformamidinium (these compounds can be prepared by the method described in WO2019 / 110427) + TX, (3',4',5'-trifluoro-biphenyl-2-yl)-amide + TX, (3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl ketone (these compounds can be prepared according to WO2019 / 110427) + TX, (3',4',5'-trifluoro-biphenyl-2-yl)-amide + TX, (3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl ketone (these compounds can be prepared according to WO2019 / 110427) + TX, (3',4',5'-trifluoro-biphenyl-2-yl)-amide + TX, (3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl ketone) (Prepared by the method described in WO 2017 / 220485) + TX, (4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 2-amino-6-methylpyridine-3-carboxylate (this compound can be prepared according to the method described in WO 2014 / 006945) + TX, (5-methyl-2-pyridyl)-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl ketone + TX, (7E,9Z)-dodec-7,9-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (9Z,11E)-tetradec-9,11-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (9Z,12E)-tetradec-9,12-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (E)-6-methylhept-2-en-4-ol + TX, (E)-dec-5-en-1-yl acetate and (E)-dec-5-en-1-ol + TX, (E)-tetrazol-4-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (E,Z)-tetradec-4,10-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, (R)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl]pyrazol-4-carboxamide + TX, (Z)-dodec-7-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-hexadec-11-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-hexadec-11-enal + TX, (Z)-hexadec-13-en-11-yn-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z)-eicos-13-en-10-one + TX, (Z)-tetradec-7-en-1-al + TX, (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-ol + TX, (Z)-tetradec-9-en-1-yl acetate + TX, (Z,2E)-5-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxy-2-methoxyimino-N,3-dimethylpent-3-enamide (this compound can be prepared according to the method described in WO 2018 / 153707) + TX, (Z,2E)-5-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxy-2-methoxyimino-N,3-dimethylpent-3-enamide +TX, [2-[3-[2-[1-[2-[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl]-4-piperidinyl]thiazolyl-4-yl]-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-5-yl]-3-chloro-phenyl]methanesulfonate + TX, 1-(4,5-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 1-(4,5-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4,6-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 1-(6-chloro-7-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline (these compounds can be prepared by the method described in WO2017 / 025510) + TX, 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-ethoxyethanol + TX, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-ethylphenyl)ethane + TX, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane + TX, 1,2-dichloropropane and 1,3-dichloropropene + TX, 1,3-dichloropropene + TX, 1,3-dimethoxy-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea + TX, 1-[2-[[1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxymethyl]-3-methyl-phenyl]-4-methyl-tetrazole-5-one + TX, 10-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, 14-methyloctadec-1-ene + TX, 1-bromo-2-chloroethane + TX, 1-dichloro-1-nitrobenzene + TX, 1-hydroxy-1H-pyridine-2-thione + TX, 1-methoxy-3-methyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea + TX, 1-Methyl-4-[3-Methyl-2-[[2-Methyl-4-(3,4,5-trimethylpyrazol-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl]phenyl]tetrazole-5-one + TX, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-((3R)-1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-((3R)-1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX, 2-(1,3-dithiopentane-2-yl)phenyl dimethyl carbamate + TX, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl piperine + TX, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl thiocyanate + TX, 2-(4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-yl)phenyl methyl carbamate +TX, 2-(4-chloro-3,5-dimethylethoxy)ethanol + TX, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-(3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indane-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3R)-3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indane-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3S)-3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indane-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide (this compound can be prepared according to the method described in WO 2014 / 095675) + TX, 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indane-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide + TX, 2-(octylthio)ethanol + TX, 2,2,2-trichloro-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl acetate + TX, 2,2-dichlorovinyl-2-ethylsulfinyl ethyl methyl phosphate + TX, 2,2-difluoro-N-methyl-2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]acetamide + TX, 2,4-dichlorophenylbenzenesulfonate + TX, 2,6-dimethyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiacyclohexadien[2,3-c:5,6-c']dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetraone (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2011 / 138281) + TX, 2-[2-fluoro-6-[(8-fluoro-2-methyl-3-quinolinyl)oxy]phenyl]prop-2-ol + TX, 2-[6-(4-bromophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)prop-2-ol (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2017 / 029179) + TX, 2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)prop-2-ol (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2017 / 029179) + TX, 2-chlorovinyl diethyl phosphate + TX, 2-fluoro-N-methyl-N-1-naphthylacetamide + TX, 2-imidazolidineone + TX, 2-isovalerylindan-1,3-dione + TX, 2-methyl(prop-2-ynyl)aminophenylmethylcarbamate + TX, 2-oxo-N-propyl-2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]acetamide (this compound can be prepared according to the method described in WO 2018 / 065414) + TX, 2-thiocyanoethyl laurate + TX, 3-(4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-isoquinolinyl)-7,8-dihydro-6H-cyclopentano[e]benzimidazole (these compounds can be prepared according to the method described in WO2016 / 156085) +TX, 3-(4,4-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-3,3-dimethylisoquinoline-1-yl)quinolinone + TX, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylrhodanine + TX, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[1,1,3-trimethylindane-4-yl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide + TX, 3,4-dichlorotetrahydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide + TX, 3-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxypropyl]imidazolium-4-carboxylon (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2016 / 156290) + TX, 3-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxypropyl]imidazolium-4-carboxylon (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2016 / 156290) + TX, 3-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxypropyl]imidazolium-4-carboxylon (this compound can be prepared by the method described in WO 2016 / 156290) (Prepared by the method described in 2016 / 156290) + TX, 3-bromo-1-chloroprop-1-ene + TX, 3-chloro-6-methyl-5-phenyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)pyridazine + TX, 3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid + TX, 3-ethyl-1-methoxy-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea + TX, 3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole-5-yl dimethylcarbamate + TX, 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine + TX, 4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methyl-5-phenylpyridazine-3-carboxynitrile + TX, 4-(2-bromo-4-fluoro-phenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazole-3-amine + TX, 4-(quinoxalo-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide + TX, 4,4-difluoro-1-(5-fluoro-4-methyl-benzimidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-isoquinoline + TX, 4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-(6-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)isoquinoline + TX, 4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-(7-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)isoquinoline + TX, 4,4-dimethyl-2-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidine-3-one+ TX, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzonitrile+ TX, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(5-thioalkyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzonitrile+TX, 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(5-thio-4H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzonitrile + TX, 4-chloro-2-(2-chloro-2-methyl-propyl)-5-[(6-iodo-3-pyridyl)methoxy]pyridazin-3-one + TX, 4-chlorophenylsulfone + TX, 4-methyl(prop-2-ynyl)amino-3,5-xylmethylcarbamate + TX, 4-methylnon-5-ol and 4-methylnon-5-one + TX, 5-(1,3-benzodioxane-5-yl)-3-hexylcyclohex-2-enone + TX, 5,5-dimethyl-2-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidine-3-one + TX, 5,5-dimethyl-3-oxocyclohex-1-enyl dimethylcarbamate + TX, 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-thiol zinc salt (2:1) + TX, 5-methyl-6-thio-1,3,5-thiadiazinyl-3-ylacetic acid + TX, 6-chloro-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-N-[2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-5-methyl-pyridazine-4-carboxamide (preparable according to the method described in WO 2020 / 109391) + TX, 6-chloro-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-N-[2-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-5-methyl-pyridazin-4-carboxamide (prepared according to the method described in WO 2020 / 109391) + TX, 6-chloro-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-1-(4-methylbenzimidazol-1-yl)isoquinoline + TX, 6-chloro-N-[2-(2-chloro-4-methyl-phenyl)-2,2-difluoro-ethyl]-3-(3-cyclopropyl-2-fluoro-phenoxy)-5-methyl-pyridazin-4-carboxamide (prepared according to the method described in WO 2020 / 109391) + TX, 6-ethyl-5,7-dioxo-pyrrolo[4,5][1,4]dithiacyclohexadieno[1,2-c]isothiazolyl-3-carboxynitrile + TX, 6-isopentenylaminopurine + TX, 8-fluoro-N-[(1R)-1-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, 8-fluoro-N-[(1S)-1-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate + TX, housefly phosphorus + TX, acetamiprid + TX, activated ester + TX, activated ester-S-methyl + TX, acrylonitrile + TX, cotton brown belt moth GV + TX, Agrobacterium radiobacterium + TX, aldimethylcarbamide +TX, aldrin + TX, aloxera + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, α-chlorool + TX, α-ecdysterone + TX, α-polystyramine + TX, aluminum phosphide + TX, amblycetamol species + TX, amectotractin + TX, pyraclostrobin + TX, cyprodinil + TX, phosmet + TX, cyprodinil + TX, aminopyrifen + TX, indoxamyl + TX, phosmet + TX, phosmet oxalate + TX, amitraz + TX, neonicotinoid + TX, celery cutworm NPV + TX, *Protoceratops spp.* + TX, pyrimidinol + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, anisiflupurin + TX, anthraquinone + TX, antagonist + TX, short-spur aphid wasp + TX, cotton aphid parasitic wasp + TX, Aphid gall midge + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Acaricide + TX, Arsenic trioxide + TX, Ethidathion + TX, Alfalfa Silver-striped Armyworm NPV + TX, Azaconazole + TX, Methylpyridinium + TX, Azobenzene + TX, Azophos + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Bacillus spheroides + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxin + TX, Barium carbonate + TX, Barium hexafluorosilicate + TX, Barium polysulfide + TX, Pyrethrum + TX, Bayer 22 / 190 + TX, Bayer 22408 + TX, Beauveria bassiana + TX, Benzocypermethrin + TX, Benzyl + TX, Benzopyr + TX, Benoxafos + TX, Benzyl thiamethoxam + TX, Benzyl thiamethoxam + TX, Benzofenofop-methyl + TX, Benzofenofop-methyl + TX, Benzofenofop-methyl + TX TX, benzyl benzoate + TX, β-cyhalothrin + TX, β-cypermethrin + TX, cypermethrin + TX, benzylfuran + TX, bio-cypermethrin + TX, bis(2-chloroethyl) ether + TX, bis(tributyltin) oxide + TX, pyrazosulfuron + TX, diflubenzuron + TX, bifenthrin + TX, bifenthrin + pyraclostrobin + TX, blastomycin S + TX, borax + TX, Bordeaux mixture + TX, boscalid + TX, bark beetle sex pheromone + TX, bromadiolone + TX, bromodiphenyl phosphate + TX, bromoacetamide + TX, bromocriptine + TX, bromo-DDT + TX, bromothion + TX, bromodifen + TX, furazolidone + TX, bromonitol + TX, methamidophos + TX TX, ethirimol sulfonate + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, busulfan + TX, but-3-ynylN-[6-[[(Z)-[(1-methyltetrazole-5-yl)-phenylmethylene]amino]oxymethyl]-2-pyridyl]carbamate + TX, pyrimethanil + TX, methyl ethyl ketone + TX, methyl ethyl ketone + TX, DEET + TX, butoxy(polypropylene glycol) + TX, methyl ethyl ketone sulfonate + TX, pyridaben + TX, calcium arsenate + TX, calcium cyanide + TX, calcium polysulfide + TX, toxaphene + TX, captan + TX, captan + TX, chlorfenapyr + TX, carbendazim + TX, carbon disulfide + TX, carbon tetrachloride + TX, trithion + TX, carbaryl + TX, bacalin + TX, CAS No.: 2132414-04-9 + TX, CAS No.: 2344721-61-3 + TX, Servadine + TX, Acaricide + TX, Chloroxylenol + TX, Acaricide + TX, Borneol + TX, Chlordane + TX, Decachlor + TX, Amitraz + TX, Amitraz Hydrochloride + TX, Spirochlore + TX, Acaricide + TX, Difenoconazole + TX, Ethyl Acetate + TX, Chloroform + TX, Chlorindole + TX, Chlorfenapyr + TX, Diflubenzuron + TX, Dimethoate + TX, Chlorpyrifos + TX, Chlorothalonil + TX, Chlorothalonil + TX, Propyl Acetate + TX, Chlorothalonil + TX, Chlorpyrifos + TX, Chlorfenapyr + TX, Ethiophanate-methyl + TX, Cholecalcidol + TX, Green Vein Golden Eye Fly + TX, Cucurbitacin I + TX, Cucurbitacin II + TX, Cucurbitacin + TX, Cisbenzylfuran + TX, cis-pyrethrum + TX, cypermethrin + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, codling moth pheromone + TX, dodecadienol + TX, copper arsenite acetate + TX, copper arsenate + TX, copper octanoate + TX, copper hydroxide + TX, copper naphthenate + TX, copper oleate soap + TX, copper oxide + TX, copper oxychloride + TX, copper sulfate + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, phosmet + TX, cyhalothrin + TX, cyhalothrin + TX, cyhalothrin + TX, cyhalothrin + TX, eugenol + TX, cresol + TX, rodenticide + TX, clomiphene + TX, butenyl phosphate + TX, phosmet + TX, cryolite + TX, ladybug + TX, CS 708 + TX, melon fly attractant + TX, thiophanate-methyl fungicide + TX, benzonitrile + TX, pyrethroid + TX, phosmet + TX, cyazofamid + TX, cyclobutyronitrile + TX, pyrethrum + TX, trifluralin + TX, codling moth granulovirus +TX, Cycloflufenicol + TX, Semazole + TX, Cymoxanil + TX, Ciprofloxacin + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Phosphate + TX, Cytokinin + TX, Siberian Parasitic Wasp + TX, DAEP + TX, Dazomet + TX, DCIP + TX, DCPM + TX, DDT + TX, Imazalil + TX, Furadan + TX, Phosphate + TX, Phosphate-O + TX, Phosphate-S + TX, Demeton-methyl + TX, Demeton-O + TX, Demeton-O-methyl + TX, Demeton-S + TX, Demeton-S-methyl + TX, Demeton-S-methyl sulfone + TX, Doxycycline + TX, Carbendazim + TX, Dibutyl Phthalate + TX, Dibutyl Succinate + TX, Isochlorpyrifos + TX, Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + TX TX, Phosphate + TX, Antibacterial + TX, Dichloronaphthoquinone + TX, Diclofenac + TX, Dichlorvos + TX, Sclerotinia + TX, Didicophos + TX, Cyazofamid + TX, Pyridaben + TX, Chlornitamine + TX, Didicresyl + TX, Desniprochlor + TX, Dicyclopentadiene + TX, Dildrin + TX, Acaricide + TX, Ethiocarb + TX, Diethyl 5-methylpyrazol-3-ylphosphate + TX, DEET + TX, Dimethoate + TX, Difenoconazole + TX, Thiamethoxam + TX, Flufenoxam + TX, Pea Leafminer Wasp + TX, Dilor + TX, Dimatif + TX, Tetrafluoromethrin + TX, Mefenoxam + TX, Dimethoate + TX TX, Dimethomorph + TX, Dimethomorph + TX, Permethrin + TX, Mosquito Repellent + TX, Dimethyl Phthalate + TX, Methyl Pyrrofen + TX, Difenoconazole + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Acaricide + TX, Acaricide-Dexamethasone + TX, Tebuconazole + TX, Difenoconazole-4 + TX, Difenoconazole-6 + TX, Alpha-D + TX, Amyl Nitroglycerin + TX, Nitropropanol + TX, Pentylnitrophenol + TX, Diphenoxyphenol + TX, Oxyl Nitroglycerin Acaricide + TX, Nitrobutyl Nitroglycerin + TX, Benzyl ether + TX, Salicylate + TX, Dichlorvos + TX, Dichlorvos + TX, Diphenylsulfone + TX, Thiamethoxam + TX, Dithiopyridine + TX, Imidacloprid + TX, Dithiocarbamate + TX, Dicyandioxonium + TX, Thiamethoxam + TX TX, dinitrocresol + TX, dodecano-8-en-1-yl acetate + TX, dodecano-9-en-1-yl acetate + TX, dodecano-8 + TX, morpholine +TX, Doxorubicin + TX, Doxorubicin + TX, Propyrimethanil + TX, Dominicalus + TX, Doramectin + TX, DSP + TX, D-cypermethrin + TX, Ecdysterone + TX, Kebensan + TX, EI 1642 + TX, EMPC + TX, Encarsia formosa + TX, Herbadox + TX, Indomethacin + TX, Enstroburin + TX, Enoxastrobin + TX, EPBP + TX, Flutriafol + TX, Epramycin + TX, Aphid + TX, Calciferol + TX, Etaphos + TX, Thiazolamide + TX, Insecticidal + TX, Ethioprine + TX, Phosphine + TX, 1-[[4-[(Z)-2-ethoxy-3,3,3-trifluoro-prop-1-enoxy]phenyl]methyl]pyrazole-3-carboxylate (preparable according to the method described in WO 2020 / 056090) + TX, 1-[[4-[[2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolane-2-yl]methoxy]phenyl]methyl]pyrazole-3-carboxylate (preparable according to the method described in WO 2020 / 056090) + TX, 1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]pyrazole-4-carboxylate + TX, 1-[[5-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-2-thienyl]methyl]pyrazole-4-carboxylate (this compound can be prepared according to WO 2020 / 056090) ... (Prepared by the method described in 2018 / 158365) + TX, ethyl 4-methyloctanoate + TX, ethyl formate + TX, DEET + TX, dibromoethane + TX, dichloroethane + TX, ethylene oxide + TX, terbufos + TX, ethion + TX, eugenol + TX, EXD + TX, oxadixyl + TX, farnesol + TX, farnesol and nerolidol + TX, imidacloprid + TX, dexamethasone + TX, tebufenozide + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, fenbutatin + TX, phosmet + TX, ethylcarbamide + TX, mefenoxam + TX, cyclophosphamide + TX, fenitrothion + TX, fenthiocarb + TX, oxypyrimidine + TX, isoprothiolane + TX, benzylpyrrole + TX TX, pyridaben + TX, pyrimethanil + TX, benzyl benzoate + TX, butyl morpholine + TX, pyridaben + TX, sulfadiazine + TX, bafenoxam + TX, fenpyroximate + TX, fenpyroximate + TX, ethyl fenpyroximate + TX, triphenyltin + TX, fentriyl + TX, dimethylaminoferric sulfate+ TX, pyraclostrobin + TX, ferric phosphate + TX, fludioxonil + TX, pyridaben + TX, fluazinam + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flubendioxonil + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, biflufenoxuron + TX, fluoxadixyl + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, fludioxonil + TX, fludioxonil + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, fluquinazole + TX, flusilazole + TX, sulfadiazine + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron + TX TX, Fluopyram + TX, Tebuconazole + TX, Fluopyram + TX, FMC 1137 + TX, Captan + TX, Formaldehyde + TX, Amitraz + TX, Acaricide Hydrochloride + TX, Algaecide + TX, Aluminum Tris(ethylphosphonate) + TX, Butylthion + TX, Forspyridaben + TX, Butylthion + TX, Southern Pine Bark Borer Attractant + TX, Furanyl Benzimidazole + TX, Furazolidone + TX, Furazolidone + TX, Furazolidone + TX, Pyrethrum + TX, Furfural + TX, γ-HCH + TX, Frucamide + TX, Acetonide + TX, Mixed Attractant + TX, Cotton Weevil Phenomenon I + TX, Cotton Weevil Phenomenon II + TX, Cotton Weevil Phenomenon III + TX, Cotton Weevil Phenomenon IV + TX, Biguanide Salt + TX, Biguanide Octyl Acetate + TX, Benzylpyr + TX, HCH + TX, Hexamethylpyrimidine + TX, Hexamethylphos + TX, HEOD + TX, Heptachlor + TX, Phosphate + TX, *Heterobacter oryzae* and *Heterobacter macrocarbazin* + TX, Hexaconazole + TX, Cetylcyclopropane carboxylate + TX, Redfly-like Encarnea + TX, Hexamide + TX, HHDN + TX, *Aggregatibacter simonii* + TX, Mercaptan + TX, Quicklime + TX, Hydrogen cyanide + TX, Hymexazol + TX, Quinoline + TX, Imannin + TX, Imazalil + TX, Imidazole + TX, Biguanidine Octylamine + TX, Indexpyram + TX, Succinimidazole + TX, Iproconazole + TX, Isoflurane + TX, Isopyrazin + TX, Iprodione + TX, Valmethoxam + TX, beetledienol + TX, beetledienol + TX, IPSP + TX, chlorpyrifos (isamidofos) + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, carbochlor +TX, methamidophos + TX, isofenil + TX, isopropylamidophos + TX, isothiazine + TX, isofenil + TX, isoxaflutole + TX, isoprothiolane + TX, pyraclostrobin + TX, isothiazine + TX, isoxaflutole + TX, jasmin + TX, jasmin I + TX, jasmin II + TX, iodophos + TX, juvenile hormone I + TX, juvenile hormone II + TX, juvenile hormone III + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, kasugamycin + TX, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate + TX, clavatin + TX, kinetin + TX, acetamiprid + TX, azoxystrobin + TX, lead arsenate + TX, scale insect wasp + TX, bromophenylphos + TX, lindane + TX, trimethyldioxane nonane + TX, acetamiprid + TX, Litlure + TX, Powdery Spotted Moth Plutonium + TX, Rubenmician + TX, Thiazolium + TX, Dark Long-spined Mirid Bug + TX, Magnesium Phosphate + TX, Profenofos + TX, Cabbage Moth NPV + TX, Mancozeb + TX, Mancozeb + TX, Mandelbrot + TX, Dimethomorph + TX, Mancozeb + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Isoprocarb + TX, Aphid + TX, Methyl Aphid + TX, Pyrimethanil + TX, Chlorfluazuron + TX, Metoprolol + TX, Aphidone + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Cypermethrin + TX, Dithiamethoxam + TX, Bafenoxam + TX, Mercuric Oxide + TX, Mercurous Chloride + TX, Methionine + TX, Fenoxam + TX, Metalaxyl + TX TX, β-carboxamide + TX, β-carboxamide potassium salt + TX, β-carboxamide + TX, aphid wasp + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae microsporum + TX, metarylpicoxamid + TX, hydroxyzine + TX, methyl thiophanate + TX, chlorfenapyr + TX, methyl sulfonyl fluoride + TX, sulfonamide + TX, thiophanate-methyl + TX, methamidophos + TX, tebufenozide + TX, quinoline carboxyl ester + TX, methoxydimethalin + TX, methoxydimethalin + TX, (Z)-2-(5-cyclohexyl-2-methyl-phenoxy)-3-methoxy-prop-2-enoic acid methyl ester + TX, (Z)-2-(5-cyclopentyl-2-methyl-phenoxy)-3-methoxy-prop-2-enoic acid methyl ester (these compounds can be prepared according to the method described in WO2020 / 193387) + TX, (Z)-2-[5-(3-isopropylpyrazol-1-yl)-2-methyl-phenoxy]-3-methoxy-prop-2-enoic acid methyl ester +TX, (Z)-3-methoxy-2-[2-methyl-5-(3-propylpyrazole-1-yl)phenoxy]prop-2-enoate methyl ester + TX, (Z)-3-methoxy-2-[2-methyl-5-(4-propyltriazol-2-yl)phenoxy]prop-2-enoate methyl ester + TX, (Z)-3-methoxy-2-[2-methyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole-1-yl]phenoxy]prop-2-enoate methyl ester (these compounds can be prepared according to the method described in WO2020 / 079111) + TX, (Z)-3-methoxy-2-[2-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)triazol-2-yl]phenoxy]prop-2-enoate methyl ester + TX, methyl apalonate + TX, methyl bromide + TX, methoxyfenone + TX, methyl isothiocyanate + TX, N-[[4-[1-(2,6-difluoro-4-isopropyl-phenyl)pyrazol-4-yl]-2-methyl-phenyl]methyl]carbamate (prepared according to the method described in WO 2020 / 097012) + TX, N-[[4-[1-(4-cyclopropyl-2,6-difluorophenyl)pyrazol-4-yl]-2-methylphenyl]methyl]carbamate (prepared according to the method described in WO 2020 / 097012) + TX, N-[[5-[4-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)triazol-2-yl]-2-methylphenyl]methyl]carbamate + TX, methyl chloroform + TX, dichloromethane + TX, methyl neodecanoamide + TX, mancozeb + TX, cypermethrin + TX, phenoxybenzoic acid + TX, oxadixyl + TX, benomyl + TX, tetrazolium + TX, MGK 264 + TX, milbimethoxam oxime + TX, propanil + TX, fenvalerate + TX, phosmet + TX, maloxin + TX, mozzarella + TX, moxifloxacin + TX, housefly pheromone + TX, cyazofamid + TX, methyl parathion + TX, *Lysimachia christinae* composition + TX, N-((1R)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl)-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide (these compounds can be prepared according to the method described in WO2017 / 153380) + TX, N-((1S)-1-benzyl-3-chloro-1-methyl-but-3-enyl)-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide (these compounds can be prepared according to the method described in WO2017 / 153380) + TX, N'-(2,5-dimethyl-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidin + TX, N'-(2-chloro-5-methyl-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidin + TX, N,2-dimethoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propionamide +TX, N,N-dimethyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine (these compounds can be prepared according to the methods described in WO 2017 / 055473, WO 2017 / 055469, WO 2017 / 093348 and WO 2017 / 118689) + TX, N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-7,8-difluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1R)-1-benzyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-methyl-propyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-7,8-difluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(1S)-1-benzyl-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-methyl-propyl]-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxamide + TX, N-[(E)-methoxyiminomethyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide + TX, N-[(Z)-methoxyiminomethyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide + TX, N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propionamide + TX, N-[2-[2,4-dichloro-phenoxy]phenyl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide + TX, N-[2-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide + TX, N'-[2-chloro-4-(2-fluorophenoxy)-5-methyl-phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidinium (this compound can be prepared according to the method described in WO 2016 / 202742) + TX, N'-[4-(4,5-dichlorothiazol-2-yl)oxy-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidin + TX, N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidin + TX, N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-formamidin (these compounds can be prepared according to the method described in WO2015 / 155075) +TX, N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(2-propoxypropoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidin (this compound can be prepared by the method described in IPCOM000249876D) + TX, N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-[(1R)-1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy]-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidin + TX, N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-[(1S)-1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy]-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidin + TX, N'-[5-chloro-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidin + TX, N-[N-methoxy-C-methyl-carboimino]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide (these compounds can be prepared by the method described in WO 2018 / 202428) + TX, N'-[4-(1-cyclopropyl-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-ethyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-phenyl]-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-formamidinium (these compounds can be prepared by the method described in WO2018 / 228896) + TX, sodium mancozeb + TX, naphthylphosphide + TX, dibromophos + TX, naphthalene + TX, NC-170 + TX, European pine sawfly NPV and red pine sawfly NPV + TX, nerolidol + TX, N-ethyl-2-methyl-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propionamide + TX, N-ethyl-N'-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-[(2-trifluoromethyl)oxetane-2-yl]phenyl]-N-methyl-formamidin + TX, bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate)nickel + TX, molluscicide ethanolamine salt + TX, nicotine + TX, nicotine sulfate + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, Huaguangmycin + TX, N-isopropyl-N'-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-phenyl-ethyl)phenyl]-N-methyl-formamidin + TX, nitrazepam + TX, trichloromethylpyridine + TX, cyanocarb + TX, cyanocarb 1:1 zinc chloride complex + TX, phthalimide + TX, N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropaneformamide + TX, N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide + TX, N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzylthioamide + TX, glutathione + TX, fluorophenylpyrimidinol +TX, O,O,O',O'-Tetrapropyl dithiopyrophosphate + TX, Octadec-2,13-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, Octadec-3,13-dien-1-yl acetate + TX, Octylisothiazolinone + TX, Furazolidone + TX, Oleic acid + TX, Omethoate + TX, Pear fruit moth pheromone + TX, Small flower bug species + TX, Rhinoceros beetle aggregation pheromone + TX, Oxime ether + TX, Filacon + TX, Oxysulfanilamide + TX, Gluconazole + TX, Oxalate + TX, Fluoxetine + TX, Quinoline copper + TX, Oxalic acid + TX, Coriolis + TX, Isosulfoxide + TX, Sulfonate + TX, Oxytetracycline + TX, Paclobutrazol + TX, Paclobutrazol + TX, Paecilomyces roximate + TX, p-dichlorobenzene + TX, Parathion + TX, methyl parathion + TX, isoprothiolane + TX, tebuconazole + TX, pendimethalin + TX, fluopyram + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, pentachlorophenol + TX, pentachlorophenyl laurate + TX, pyraclostrobin + TX, dichlorvos + TX, pH 60-38 + TX, cyazofamid + TX, fenthion + TX, phosphamidon + TX, fenpyroxene + TX, fenvalerate + TX, fenpyroxene + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, thiocyclam + TX, glyphosate + TX, parachlorfon + TX, phosphamidon + TX, phosphine + TX, phosphorus + TX, methyl phoxim + TX, phthalide + TX, phytoseimoniazolidinedione + TX, tetrazolium + pyraclostrobin + TX, picaridin + TX, azoxystrobin + TX, rotamethrin + TX, piperazine + TX, synergistic ether + TX, synergistic aldehyde + TX, Pirimetaphos + TX, Polychlorinated dicyclopentadiene isomer + TX, Polychlorinated terpenes + TX, Liuyangmycin + TX, Polyoxin + TX, Potassium arsenite + TX, Potassium ethyl xanthate + TX, Potassium hydroxyquinoline sulfate + TX, Potassium thiocyanate + TX, pp'-DDT + TX, Precozid I + TX, Precozid II + TX, Precozid III + TX, Aminopyrimidine + TX, Allylisothiazide + TX, Prochloraz + TX, Prochloraz + TX, Procymidone + TX, Procymidone + TX, Pyrimethanil + TX, Iprodione + TX, Mancozeb + TX, Cymoxanil + TX, Propiconazole + TX, Propyrazosulfuron + TX, Propyrazosulfuron + TX, Propyrazosulfuron + TX TX, Fruiting + TX, Fluopyram + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Pyridoxam + TX, Pyraclostrobin + TXTX, Phoxim + TX, Pyrethrum + TX, Pyrethrin I + TX, Pyrethrin II + TX, Pyrethrin + TX, Pyrafenib + TX, Pyrazosulfuron + TX, Pyrazosulfuron + TX, Pyridaben + TX, Pyridaben + TX, Pyrazosulfuron + TX, Pyridaben + TX, Sodium oxychloride + TX, Pyrazosulfuron ... TX, Ribavirin + TX, R-Methoxyfen + TX, Rotenone + TX, Rhododendron + TX, Leanodine + TX, S421 + TX, Veratrum saba + TX, Octapoxetine + TX, Onion glycoside + TX, Cymoxanil + TX, Thiophanate + TX, Fluoxacin + TX, Silachlor + TX, Synergistic Chrysanthemum + TX, Sesamin + TX, SI-0009 + TX, Fruit fly pheromone + TX, Simazine + TX, Silomethasone + TX, Sodium arsenite + TX, Sodium cyanide + TX, Sodium fluoride + TX, Sodium fluoroacetate + TX, Sodium hexafluorosilicate + TX, Sodium pentachlorophenate + TX, Sodium selenate + TX, Sodium thiocarbonate + TX, Sodium thioacetate + TX, Sugo + TX, Sodicin + TX, Spirocyclohexane + TX, SSI-121 + TX, *Streptococcus spp.* + TX, *Streptococcus spp.* + TX, *Streptococcus spp.* + TX, *Streptococcus grèves* + TX, *Streptococcus spp.* + TX, *Streptococcus spp.* + TX, *Streptococcus spp.* + TX, *Streptococcus spp.* species + TX, streptomycin + TX, streptomycin sesquisulfate + TX, strychnine + TX, methamidophos + TX, sulfadiazine + TX, sulfadiazine sodium + TX, sulfadiazine + TX, fipronil + TX, phosmet + TX, sulfoxide + TX, sulfur + TX, sulfuryl fluoride + TX, thiophanate-methyl + TX, coal tar + TX, flumethrin + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, TDE + TX, tebuconazole + TX, isobutylethoxyquinoline + TX, butylpyrimidine phosphate + TX, chlorothalonil + TX TX, dithion + TX, thiophanate-methyl + TX, TEPP + TX, cyclopentylpyrethrin + TX, tert-butylcarbate +TX, N-[6-[[[(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-phenylmethylene]amino]oxymethyl]-2-pyridyl]tert-butyl carbamate + TX, tetrachloroethane + TX, tetrachlorothiophene + TX, tetrafluoroetherazole + TX, tetradec-11-en-1-yl acetate + TX, trichlorfon + TX, tetrafluoroetherpyrethrin + TX, acaricide + TX, thallium sulfate + TX, thiabendazole + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, thiophanate-methyl + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, thiophanate-methyl + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX TX, Insecticidal + TX, Insecticidal + TX, Thiotepa + TX, Thiamite + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis + TX, Thiamethoxam + TX, Methyl thiophanate + TX, Trifluthoxycarb + TX, Paramethoprim + TX, Tetrabromopropylate + TX, Trans-cypermethrin + TX, Infertility + TX, Triadimefon + TX, Triadimefon + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Benomyl + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Triazophos + TX, Imidazin + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Tributyltin oxide + TX, Trichloroisophos-3 + TX, Phosphate + TX, Trichogrammae + TX, Chlorpyrifos + TX, Tricyclazole + TX, Tridemorph + TX, Snailicide + TX, Profenofos + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX, Fluopyram + TX, Azoxystrobin + TX TX, Mediterranean fruit fly pheromone + TX, Mediterranean fruit fly attractant type A + TX, Mediterranean fruit fly attractant type B1 + TX, Mediterranean fruit fly attractant type B2 + TX, Mediterranean fruit fly attractant type C + TX, mixed carbendazim + TX, three live bacteria + TX, anti-rot ester + TX, triphenyltin acetate + TX, triphenyltin hydroxide + TX, tebufenozide + TX, cymoxanil + TX, trunc-call + TX, Western blind mite + TX, urethaneimine + TX, jinggangmycin + TX, cymoxanil + TX, aphid + TX, flupyradifurone + TX, veratrine + TX, veratrine alkaloids + TX, synergistic alkyne + TX, verticillium scale + TX, ethylene sclerotinia + TX, warfarin + TX, XMC + TX, xylenol + TX, zeatin + TX, ζ-cypermethrin + TX, kasugamycin + TX, zinc naphthenate + TX, zinc phosphide + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, zineb +TX, Fumagzinc + TX, Zolaporite + TX; Acinetobacter rumenella + TX, Cladosporium fungi + TX, Cephalosporium + TX, Acremonium diospyri + TX, Acremonium obclavatum + TX, Cotton brown belt moth granulovirus (AdoxGV) (Capex®) + TX, Agrobacterium radiodurans strain K84 (Galltrol-A®) + TX, Alternaria + TX, Alternaria cassia + TX, Alternaria destruens (Smolder®) + TX, Powdery mildew (AQ10®) + TX, Aspergillus flavus AF36 (AF36®) + TX, Aspergillus flavus NRRL 21882 (Aflaguard®) + TX, Aspergillus species + TX, Budding bryophytes + TX, Azospirillum (MicroAZ®, TAZO B®) + TX, Azotobacter + TX, Azotobacter chroocuccum (Azotomeal®) + TX, Bionatural Blooming Blossoms® + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + TX, Bacillus cereus + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus strain AQ746 + TX, Bacillus chitinosporus strain CM-1 + TX, Bacillus circulans + TX, Bacillus sturdier (BioSafe®, BioNem-WP®) especially strain CNMC 1-1582 (e.g., VOTIVO® from BASF) + TX, Bacillus licheniformis strain 3086 (EcoGuard®, Green Releaf®) + TX, Bacillus licheniformis strain HB-2 (Biostart™ formerly known as Rhizoboost®) + TX, Bacillus hempensis + TX, Bacillus marismortui + TX, Bacillus megaterium + TX, Bacillus mycosis fungoides strain AQ726 + TX, Bacillus lactis (Milky Spore Powder®) + TX, Bacillus pumilus species + TX, Bacillus pumilus strain AQ717 + TX, Bacillus pumilus strain GB34 (Yield Shield®) + TX, Bacillus pumilus strain QST 2808 (Sonata®, Ballad Plus®) + TX, Bacillus spheroids (VectoLex®) + TX, Bacillus spp. species + TX, Bacillus spp. strain AQ175 + TX, Bacillus spp. strain AQ177 +TX, Bacillus strain AQ178 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain AQ153 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain AQ743 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST 713 (CEASE®, Serenade®, Rhapsody®) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST 714 (JAZZ®) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST3002 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain QST3004 + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens variant strain FZB24 (Taegro®, Rhizopro®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai GC 91 (Agree®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Cry 2Ae + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Israel Bacillus thuringiensis (BMP123®, Aquabac®, VectoBac®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Javelin®, Deliver®, CryMax®, Bonide®, Scutella WP®, Turilav WP®, Astuto®, Dipel WP®, Biobit®, Foray®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki BMP 123 (Baritone®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki HD-1 (Bioprotec-CAF / 3P®) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis strain AQ52 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis strain BD#32 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensistenebrionis (Novodor®, BtBooster) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai (XenTari®, DiPel®) + TX, Bacteria spp. (GROWMEND®, GROWSWEET®, Shootup®) + TX, Clavipacter michiganensis bacteriophage (AgriPhage®, Bakflor®) + TX, Beauveria bassiana (Beaugenic®, Brocaril WP®) + TX, Beauveria bassiana GHA (Mycotrol ES®, Mycotrol)O®, BotaniGuard®) + TX, Beauveria brongniartii (Engerlingspilz®, Schweizer Beauveria®, Melocont®) + TX, Beauveria spp. + TX, Botrytis cineria + TX, Bradyrhizobium japonicum (TerraMax®) + TX, Brevibacillus brevis + TX, Burkholderia cepacia (Deny®, Intercept®, Blue Circle®) + TX, Burkholderia gladii + TX, Burkholderia gladioli + TX, Burkholderia spp. + TX, Canadian thistle fungus Candida fungus (CBH Canadian Bioherbicide®) + TX, Candida butyri + TX, Candida famata + TX, Candida fructus + TX, Candida glabrata + TX, Candida guilliermondii + TX, Candida melibiosica + TX, Candida oleophila strain O + TX, Candida parapsilosis + TX, Candida pelliculosa + TX, Candida pulcherrima + TX, Candida reukaufii + TX, Candida saitoana (Bio-Coat®, Biocure®) + TX TX, Candida sake + TX, Candida spp. + TX, Candida tenius + TX, Cediclofenac + TX, Cellulomonas flavigena + TX, Chaetomium* *Cochliodes* (Nova-Cide®) + TX, *Chaetomium globosum* (Nova-Cide®) + TX, *Chromobacterium subtsugae* strain PRAA4-1T (Grandevo®) + TX, *Cladosporium chlorocephalum* + TX, *Cladosporium cladosporioides* + TX, *Cladosporium oxysporum* + TX, *Cladosporium spp.* + TX, *Cladosporium tenuissimum* + TX, *Clonostachys rosea* (EndoFine®) + TX, *Colletotrichum acutatum* + TX, *Coniothyrium minitans* (Cotans WG®) + TX TX, Coniothyrium spp. + TX, Cryptococcus albidus (YIELDPLUS®) + TX, Cryptococcus humicola + TX, Infirmo-miniatus + TX, Cryptococcus laurentii + TX, Cryptoophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (Cryptex®) + TX, Cupriavidus campinensis + TX, Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CYD-X®, Madex®, Madex® Plus, Madex Max, Carpovirusine® + TX, Cylindrobasidium laeve (Stumpout®) + TX, Cylindrocladium + TX, Debaryomyces hansenii + TX, Drechslera hawaiinensis + TX, Enterobacter cloacae + TX, Enterobacteriaceae + TX, Entomophthoravirulenta (Vektor®) + TX, Epicoccum nigrum + TX, Epicoccum purpurascens + TX, Epicoccum species + TX, Filobasidium floriforme + TX, Fusarium argentis + TX, Fusarium chlamydosporium + TX, Fusaclean®, Biofox C® + TX, Fusarium flocculation + TX, Fusarium species + TX, Galactomyces geotrichum + TX, Gliocladium catenulatum (Primastop®, Prestop®) + TX, Gliocladium roseum + TX, SoilGard® species + TX, Soilgard® + TX, Granupom® + TX, Halobacillus halophilus + TX, Halobacillus litoralis + TX, Halobacillus trueperi + TX, Halomonas species + TX, Halomonas subglaciescola + TX, Halovibrio variabilis + TX, Hansenula polymorpha of grape juice + TX, Helicovex® nucleopolyhedrovirus for cotton bollworm + TX, Gemstar® nucleopolyhedrovirus for corn moth + TX, Cladosporium flavum (formerly known as Paecilomyces flavum strain, PFR-97®, PreFeRal®) + TX, Myconate® isoflavone + TX, Klebsiella citrinum + TX, Klebsiella species + TX, Lagenidium giganteum (Laginex®) + TX, Verticillium lecanii (formerly known as strain KV01 (e.g., Vertalec® of Koppert / Arysta) conidia (Mycotal®) + TX, Lecanicillium longisporum (Vertiblast®) + TX, Lecanicillium muscarium (Vertikil®) + TXTX, Disparvirus® + TX, Halophilic sea cocci + TX, Meira geulakonigii + TX, Destruxin WP® + TX, Met52® + TX, Metschnikowia fruticola (Shemer®) + TX, Metschnikowia pulcherrima + TX, Microdochium dimerum (Antibot®) + TX, Micromonospora coerulea + TX, Microsphaeropsis ochracea + TX, Muscodor albus 620 (Muscudor®) + TX, Muscodor roseus, especially strain A3-5 (registration number NRRL 30548) + TX, Mycorrhiza species spp. (AMykor®, RootMaximizer®) + TX, *Lycium verrucosum* strain AARC-0255 (DiTera®, BROS PLUS®) + TX, *Ophiostomapiliferum* strain D97 (Sylvanex®) + TX, *Paecilomyces farinosus* + TX, *Paecilomyces lilacinus* strain 251 (MeloCon WG®) + TX, *Paecilomyces lilacinus* (Biostat WP®) + TX, *Bacillus polymyxa* + TX, *BlightBan C9-1®* + TX, *Panthera* species + TX, *Paecilomyces nishizawae*, especially strain Pn1 (from Syngenta / ChemChina's CLARIVA) + TX; *Bacillus* species (Econem®) + TX TX, Penicillium globosum + TX, Penicillium barometz (Jumpstart®, TagTeam®) + TX, Penicillium brevicornum + TX, Penicillium commensalum + TX, Penicillium globosum + TX, Penicillium purpureum + TX, Penicillium species + TX, pure green Penicillium + TX, Rotstop® + TX, Phosphohomeal® phosphate solubilizing bacteria + TX, Phytophthora cryptogea +TX, Phytophthora palmivora (Devine®) + TX, Pichia anomala + TX, Pichia guilliermondii + TX, Pichia membranaefaciens + TX, Pichia onychis + TX, Pichia stipites + TX, Pseudomonas aeruginosa + TX, Pseudomonas aureofasciens (Spot-Less Biofungicide®) + TX, Pseudomonas cepacia + TX, Pseudomonas chlororaphis (AtEze®) + TX, Pseudomonas corrugate + TX, Zequanox® + TX, BlightBan A506® strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens + TX, Pseudomonas putida + TX, Pseudomonas reactans + TX, Pseudomonas spp. + TX, Bio-Save® strain of Pseudomonas syringae + TX, Pseudomonas viridiflava + TX, Sporodex L® strain of Pseudozyma flocculosa + TX, Puccinia canaliculata + TX, Wood Warrior® strain of Puccinia thlaspeos + TX, Pythium Paroecandrum + TX, Pythium oligandrum (Polygandron®, Polyversum®) + TX, Pythium periplocum + TX, Rhanella aquatilis + TX, Rhanella spp. + TX, Rhizobia (Dormal®, Vault®) +TX, Rhizoctonia + TX, Rhodococcus globerulus strain AQ719 + TX, Rhodosporidium diobovatum + TX, Rhodosporidium toruloides + TX, Rhodotorula glutinis + TX, Rhodotorula graminis + TX, Rhodotorula mucilagnosa + TX, Rhodotorularubra + TX, Rhodotorula spp. + TX, Saccharomyces cerevisiae + TX, Salinococcus roseus + TX, SARRITOR® + TX, Sclerotinia minor + TX, *Scytalidium* spp. + TX, *Scytalidium uredinicola* + TX, *Serratia marcescens* + TX, *Serratia plymuthica* + TX, *Serratia* spp. + TX, *Sordaria fimicola* + TX, *Spod-X®*, *Spexit®* + TX, *Spodoptera littoralis* nucleopolyhedrovirus (Littovir®) + TX, *Sporobolomyces roseus* + TX, *Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* + TX, *Streptomyces albaduncus* + TX, *Streptomyces exfoliates* + TX, *Streptomyces galbus* + TX, *Streptomyces griseoplanus* + TX, *Streptomyces griseoviridis* (Mycostop®) + TX, *Streptomyces hygroscopicus* +TX, *Streptomyces lydicus* (Actinovate®) + TX, *Streptomyces lydicus* WYEC-108 (ActinoGrow®) + TX, *Streptomyces violaceus* + TX, *Tilletiopsis minor* + TX, *Tilletiopsis* spp. + TX, *Trichoderma asperellum* (T34Biocontrol®) + TX, *Trichoderma atroviride* (Plantmate®) + TX, *Trichoderma gamsii* (Tenet®) + TX, *Trichoderma hamatum* TH 382 + TX, *Trichoderma harzianum rifai* (Mycostar®) + TX, *Trichoderma... Trichoderma harzianum T-22 (Trianum-P®, PlantShield HC®, RootShield®, Tririanum-G®) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum T-39 (Trichodex®) + TX, Trichoderma non-hook (Trichoderma mainhamatum) + TX, Trichoderma koningii + TX, Trichoderma malignorum + TX, Trichoderma longibrachiatum + TX, Trichoderma polysporum (Binab T®) + TX, Trichoderma spp. LC 52 (Sentinel®) + TX, Trichoderma taxi + TX, Trichoderma virens (formerly known as green broom mold GL-21) (SoilGuard®) + TX, Trichoderma virens + TX, Trichoderma viride + TX, Trichoderma viride strain ICC 080 (Remedier®) + TX, Trichosporon pullulans + TX, Trichosporon spp. + TX, Trichothecium roseum +TX, Trichothecium spp. + TX, Typhula phacorrhiza strain 94670 + TX, Typhula phacorrhiza strain 94671 + TX, Ulocladium atrum + TX, Ulocladium oudemansii (Botry-Zen®) + TX, Ustilago maydis + TX, various bacteria and supplements (Natural II®) + TX, various fungi (Millennium Microbes®) + TX, Verticillium chlamydosporium + TX, Vip3Aa20 (VIPtera®) + TX, Virgibaclillus marismortui + TX, Xanthomonas campestris pv. Poae (Camperico®) + TX, Burkholderia caudatus + TX, Nematophyte pathogenic bacillus + TX; AGNIQUE® MMF + TX, Azadirachtin (Plasma Neem Oil®, AzaGuard®, MeemAzal®, Molt-X®, e.g., AZATIN XL from Certis, Inc.) + TX, Plant IGR (Neemazad®, Neemix®) + TX, BugOil® + TX, Canola Oil (Lilly Miller Vegol®) + TX, Chestnut (Chenopodium ambrosioides near ambrosioides) (Requiem®) + TX, Chrysanthemum Extract (Crisant®) + TX, Lamiaceae Essential Oil (Botania®) + TX, Azadirachtin Oil Extract (Trilogy®) + TX, Clove-Rosemary-Peppermint and Thyme Oil Extract (Garden Insect Killer®) + TX, Garlic + TX, Betaine (Greenstim®) + TX, Kaolin (Screen®) + TX TX, Lemongrass Oil (GreenMatch®) + TX, Tea Tree Oil Extract (also known as Tea Tree Oil) (Timorex Gold®) + TX, Clove-Peppermint-Garlic Oil and Peppermint Blend (Soil Shot®) + TX, Clove-Rosemary and Peppermint Extract Blend (EF 400®) + TX, Rosemary-Sesame-Peppermint-Thyme and Cinnamon Extract Blend (EF 300®) + TX, Neem Oil + TX, Catnip (Nepeta cataria) (Catnip Oil) + TX, Nepeta catarina + TX, Nicotine + TX, Oregano Oil (MossBuster®) + TX, Pedaliaceae Oil (Nematon®) + TX, Pine Oil (Retenol®) + TX, Pyrethrum + TX, Quillaja saponaria (NemaQ®) + TX, Polygonum cuspidatum (Regalia®, Sakalia®) + TX, Rotenone (EcoRoten®) + TX, Rutaceae plant extract (Soleo®) + TX, Soybean oil (Ortho ecosense®) + TX, Brown algae storage glucan (Laminarin®) + TX, Thyme oil + TX; (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadien-1-yl acetate + TX, (E,Z,Z)-3,8,11-tetradecanetrienyl acetate + TX, (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecanetrienal + TX, 2-methyl-1-butanol + TX, Biolure® + TX, 3M Sprayable Blackheaded Fireworm Pheromone® + TX, Calcium acetate + TX, Check-Mate® + TX, Paramount dispenser-(CM) / Isomate C-Plus® + TX, Entostat powder (extract from palm trees) (Exosex CM®) + TX, Grape leafroller pheromone (3M MEC-GBM Sprayable Pheromone®) + TX, Lavender sensate + TX, Leafroller pheromone (3M MEC – LR) Sprayable Pheromone® + TX, Snip7 Fly Bait® + TX, 3M oriental fruit moth sprayable pheromone® + TX, Peach tree borer pheromone (Isomate-P®) + TX, Scenturion® + TX, Starbar PremiumFly Bait® + TX, Tomato pinworm pheromone (3M Sprayable pheromone®) + TX; Acerophagus papaya + TX, Adalia-System® + TX, Adaline® + TX, Aphidalia® + TX, *Aphidalia fasciata* + TX, ... loecki + TX, Citripar® + TX, Red Wax Scale + TX, Golden Wasp + TX, Woodland Flower Bug (Anthocoris nemoralis) (Anthocoris-System®) + TX, Short-spurred Aphid Wasp (Apheline®, Aphiline®) + TX, Short-winged Aphid Wasp + TX, Cotton Aphid Parasitic Wasp (Aphipar®) + TX, Aphelinus-System® + TX, Aphelinus® + TX, Ervipar® + TX, Tobacco Aphid Wasp + TX, Peach Red Aphid Wasp (Aphipar-M®) + TX, Aphidend®, Aphidoline® + TX, Lingnan Yellow Aphid Wasp + TX, Indian and Pakistani Yellow Aphid Wasp + TX, Hassell's Long-tailed Gnatant Wasp + TX TX, Staphyline® + TX, Bumblebee species + TX, Beeline®, Tripol® + TX, Natupol Beehive® + TX, Cephalonomia stephanoderis + TX, Black-backed ladybug + TX, Chrysoline®, Chrysopa® + TX, Red lacewing + TX, Cirrospilus ingenuus + TX, Four-banded serpent wasp + TX, White-spotted orange wasp + TX, Closterocerus chamaeleon + TX, Closterocerus species + TX, Coccidoxenoides perminutus (Planopar®) +TX, *Aphidius chinensis* + TX, *Aphidius lepidopterus* + TX, *Aphidius spp.* + TX, *Aphidius spp.* + TX, *Cryptobug®*, *Cryptoline®* + TX, *Cryptobug spp.* + TX, *Minusa®*, *DacDigline®*, *Minex®* + TX, *Delphastus®* + TX, *Delphastus pusillus* + TX, *Diachasmimorpha krausii* + TX, *Aphidius spp.* + TX, *Diaparsis jucunda* + TX, *Aphidius spp.* + TX, *Diminex®*, *Miglyphus®*, *Digline®* + TX, *Aphidius spp.* species + TX, *Aphidius spp.* + TX, *Encarsia* max®, Encarline®, En-Strip®) + TX, Gondien aphid + TX, Haitian aphid + TX, Syrphidend® + TX, Eretmoceris siphonini + TX, California horned aphid + TX, horned aphid (Enermix®, Ercal®, Eretline e®, Bemimix®) + TX, Haitian horned aphid + TX, Montgomery horned aphid (Bemipar®, Eretline m®) + TX, Eretmocerussiphonini + TX, Four-spotted ladybug + TX, Feltiline® + TX, Spidend® + TX, Alishan leafminer parasitic wasp + TX, Fopius ceratitivorus + TX, WirlessBeehome® + TX, Vespop® + TX, Western Stony Mite + TX, Leystilts scabra + TX, Brachycarpus scabra + TX, HarmoBeetle® + TX, NemaShield HB®, Nemaseek®, Terrane-Nam®, Terrane®, Largenem®, B-Green®, NemAttack®, Nematop® + TX, Nemasys H®, BioNem H®, Exhibitline hm®, Largenem-M® + TX, Lawn Patrol® + TX, Spotted Long-legged Ladybug +TX, Aculeifer-System®, Entomite-A® + TX, Hypoline m®, Entomite-M® + TX, Black Gall Wasp + TX, Lecanoideus floccissimus + TX, Lemophagus errabundus + TX, Tricolor Flying Wasp + TX, Leptopar® (Orange Scale Parasite) + TX, Longhorn Flying Wasp + TX, Lindorus lophanthae + TX, Lipolexis oregmae + TX, Natufly® (Forked Leaf Greenfly) + TX, Tea-footed Aphid Parasitoide + TX, Mirid Bug (Mirical-N®, Macroline c®, Miral®) + TX, Mesoseiulus longipes + TX, Yellow Broad-stalked Flying Wasp + TX, Metaphycus lounsburyi + TX, Milacewing® + TX, Yellow-winged Flying Wasp + TX, Muscidifurax raptorellus and Spalangia cameroni (Biopar®) + TX, Neodryinus typhlocybae + TX, Neoseuis californicus + TX, Neoseuis cucumber (THRYPEX®) + TX, Pseudoneoseuis + TX, Nesideocoris tenuis (NesidioBug®, Nesibug®) + TX, Biofly® + TX, Thripor-I®, Oriline i® + TX, Orius laevigatus (Thripor-L®, Oriline l®) + TX, Oriline m® + TX, Thripor-S® + TX, Pauesia juniperorum + TX, Ladybug stalked pygmy wasp + TX, Phasmarhabditishermaphrodita (Nemaslug®) + TX, Phymastichus coffea + TX, Rough-haired phytosei mite + TX, Chilean phytosei mite (Spidex®, Phytoline p®) + TX, Spotted-bellied thorny bug (Podisus®) + TX, Parasitic flea fly curvatus + TX, Parasitic flea fly obtusus + TX, Parasitic flea fly tricuspis + TX, Pseudaphycus maculipennis +TX, Pseudleptomastix mexicana + TX, Psyllid flea wasp + TX, Braconid wasp of the same color (complex) + TX, species of the genus Psyllid wasp + TX, Rhyzobius lophanthae + TX, Australian ladybug + TX, Rumina decollate + TX, Semielacher petiolatus + TX, wheat aphid (Ervibank®) + TX, Steinernema nematode (Nematac C®, Millenium®, BioNem C®, NemAttack®, Nemastar®, Capsanem®) + TX, Steinernema nematode (NemaShield®, Nemasys F®, BioNem F®, Steinernema-System®, NemAttack®, Nemaplus®, Exhibitline sf®, Scia-rid®, Entenem®) + TX, sawfly nematode (Nemasys L®, BioNem) L®, Exhibitline srb®) + TX, BioVector®, BioVektor® + TX, Nematac S® + TX, Species of the genus Nematodes + TX, Species of the family Guardian Nematodes + TX, Stethorus® + TX, Tetrastichus setifer + TX, Thripobius semiluteus + TX, Torymussinensis + TX, Tricholine b® + TX, Tricho-Strip® + TX, Trichogramma bacillus + TX, Trichogramma spp. ... TX; Abscisic acid + TX, Aminomite® + TX, BioGain® + TX, bioSea® + TX, CAS No.: 2643947-26-4 + TX, Chondrostereum purpureum (Chontrol Paste®) + TX, Collego® + TX, Cueva® + TX, Delta trap (Trapline d®) + TX, Harpin (ProAct®, Ni-HIBIT Gold CST®) + TX, Fatty acids derived from natural byproducts of extra virgin olive oil (FLIPPER®) + TX, Ferrmol® + TX, Funnel trap (Trapline y®) + TX, Gallex® + TX, Grower's Secret® + TX, Homo-brassonolide + TX, Lilly Miller Worry Free Ferramol Slug & Snail Bait® + TX, MCP hail trap (Trapline f®) + TX, parasitic insect Microctonus hyperodae + TX, Mycoleptodiscus terrestris (Des-X®) + TX, locust microsporidia (Semaspore Organic Grasshopper Control®) + TX, pheromone net (Thriplineams®) + TX, potassium bicarbonate (MilStop®) + TX, potassium iodide + potassium thiocyanate (Enzicur®) + TX, potassium salt of fatty acids (Sanova®) + TX, potassium silicate solution (Sil-Matrix®) + TX, spider venom + TX, sticky traps (TraplineYF®, Rebell Amarillo®) + TX, SuffOil-X® + TX, Takitrapline y + b® + TX; Bacillus mojaveii strain R3B (accession number NCAIM (P) B001389) (WO2013 / 034938) from Certis USA + TX, Bacillus pumilus, particularly strain BU F-33, with NRRL accession number 50185 (from BASF's CARTISSA®, EPA accession number 71840-19) + TX, Bacillus subtilis CX-9060 from Certis USA, Bacillus species, particularly strain D747 (available from Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. under DOUBLE NICKEL®), with accession number FERM BP-8234, US Patent No. 7,094,592 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain BU1814 (from BASF's VELONDIS® PLUS, VELONDIS® FLEX, and VELONDIS® EXTRA) + TX, Bacillus subtilis variant strain FZB24, with accession number DSM 10271 (available from Novozymes as TAEGRO® or TAEGRO® ECO (EPA accession number 70127-5)) + TX, Bacillus subtilis, particularly strain QST713 / AQ713 (with NRRL accession number B-21661 and described in US Patent No. 6,060,051, available from Bayer CropScience LP as SERENADE® OPTI or SERENADE® ASO) + TX, Bacillus polymyxa, particularly strain AC-1 (e.g., TOPSEED® from Green Biotech Company Ltd.) + TX, Bacillus species, with accession number NRRL B-50972 or accession number NRRL B-67129, WO 2016 / 154297 + TX, Pseudomonas proradix, especially strain E325 (registration number NRRL B-21856) (available from Northwest AgriProducts as BLOOMTIME BIOLOGICAL™ FD BIOPESTICIDE) + TX, Pseudomonas proradix (e.g. PRORADIX® from Sourcon Padena) + TX; Budding short-stemmed fungi, especially budding spores of strain DSM14940, budding spores of strain DSM14941, or mixtures of budding spores of strains DSM14940 and DSM14941 (e.g., BOTECTOR® and BLOSSOM PROTECT® from bio-ferm, Switzerland) + TX; Pseudozyma aphidis (as disclosed by Yissum Research Development Company, Hebrew University of Jerusalem in WO2011 / 151819) + TX; Saccharomyces cerevisiae, especially strains CNCM1-3936, CNCM1-3937, CNCM1-3938 or CNCM1-3939 (WO 2010 / 086790) from Lesaffre et Compagnie, France + TX; Agrobacterium radialis strain K84 (e.g., GALLTROL-A® from AgBioChem, California) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens isolate B246 (e.g., AVOGREEN™ from the University of Pretoria) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain F727 (also known as strain MBI110) (NRRL registry number B-50768, WO 2014 / 028521) (STARGUS® from Marrone BioInnovations) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain FZB42, registry number DSM 23117 (available from ABiTEP, Germany under RHIZOVITAL®) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, particularly strain D747 (available from Combinatorial Chemicals Industries under Double Nickel™, with registry number FERM) BP-8234 (US Patent No. 7,094,592) + TX, Bacillus licheniformis FMCH001 and Bacillus subtilis FMCH002 (from FMC's QUARTZO® (WG) and PRESENCE® (WP)) + TX, Bacillus licheniformis, particularly strain SB3086, with accession number ATCC 55406, WO 2003 / 000051 (available from Novozymes as ECOGUARD® biofungicide and GREEN RELEAF™) + TX, Bacillus methylotrophicus strain BAC-9912 (from the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Applied Ecology) + TX, Bacillus mycosis fungi, isolate, with accession number B-30890 (available from Certis USA as BMJ TGAI® or WG and LifeGard™) + TX, Bacillus pumilus, particularly strain GB34 (available from Bayer AG, Germany under YieldShield®) + TX, Bacillus pumilus, particularly strain QST2808 (available from Bayer Crop Science, USA under SONATA®, with registration number NRRL B-30087 and described in US Patent No. 6,245,551 (in Chinese) + TX, Bacillus subtilis CX-9060 from Certis USA + TX, Bacillus subtilis IAB / BS03 (AVIV™ from STK Bio-Ag Technologies, PORTENTO® from IdaiNature) + TX, Bacillus subtilis KTSB strain (FOLIACTIVE® from Donaghys) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain BU1814 (available from BASF AG as VELONDIS® PLUS, VELONDIS® FLEX and VELONDIS® EXTRA) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain GB03 (available from Bayer AG, Germany as Kodiak®) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain MBI 600 (available from BASF AG as SUBTILEX), with registration number NRRL B-50595, US Patent No. 5,061,495 + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain Y1336 (available from Bion-Tech Ltd., Taiwan under BIOBAC® WP, registered as a biofungicide in Taiwan under registration numbers 4764, 5454, 5096, and 5277) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens variant strain FZB24, with registration number DSM 10271 (available from Novozymes under TAEGRO® or TAEGRO® ECO (EPA registration number 70127-5)) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain Y1336 (available from Bion-Tech Ltd., Taiwan under BIOBAC® WP, registered as a biofungicide in Taiwan under registration numbers 4764, 5454, 5096, and 5277) + TX, Epiphytic Bacillus from BASF AG (WO 2016 / 020371) + TX, a *Bacillus polymyxa* plant species from BASF (WO 2016 / 020371) + TX, a *Bacillus* species strain with accession number NRRL B-50972 or NRRL B-67129, WO 2016 / 154297 + TX, *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* strain AFS009 with accession number NRRL B-50897, WO 2017 / 019448 (e.g., HOWLER™ and ZIO® from AgBiome Innovations) + TX, *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*, particularly strain MA342 (e.g., CEDOMON®, CERALL®, and CEDRESS® from Bioagri and Koppert) + TX, *Pseudomonas fluorescens* strain A506 (e.g., BLIGHTBAN® from NuFarm). A506) + TX, Pseudomonas proradix (e.g., PRORADIX® from Sourcon Padena) + TX, Streptomyces glaucusi strain K61 (also known as Streptomyces flavus strain K61) (accession number DSM 7206) (from Verdera's MYCOSTOP®, from BioWorks' PREFENCE®, see Crop Protection 2006, 25, 468-475) + TX, Streptomyces lidystrophy strain WYEC108 (also known as Streptomyces lidystrophy strain WYCD108US) (from Novozymes' ACTINO-IRON® and ACTINOVATE®) + TX; Trichoderma viride strain T11 (IMI352941 / CECT20498) + TX, powdery mildew strain AQ10 with registration number CNCM 1-807 (e.g., AQ 10® from IntrachemBio Italia) + TX, powdery mildew, especially strain AQ 10 (e.g., AQ 10® from IntrachemBio Italia) + TX, Aspergillus flavus strain NRRL 21882 (as a known product from Syngenta / ChemChina's AFLA-GUARD®) + TX, budding short-stemmed fungi, especially budding spores of strain DSM 14941 + TX, budding short-stemmed fungi, especially budding spores of strain DSM14940 + TX, budding short-stemmed fungi, especially strains DSM14940 and DSM A mixture of budding spores of 14941 (e.g., Botector® from bio-ferm, Switzerland) + TX, *Chaetomium cupreum* (registration number CABI 353812) (e.g., BIOKUPRUM™ from AgriLife) + TX, *Chaetomium globosum* (available from Rivale under RIVADIOM®) + TX, *Cladosporium cladosporioides*, strain H39, with registration number CBS122244, US 2010 / 0291039 (by Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek) + TX, *Scutellaria*, particularly strain CON / M / 91-8 (registration number DSM9660, e.g., Contans® from Bayer CropScience Biosciences) + TX, *Cryptococcus* flavescens), strain 3C (NRRL Y-50378) + TX, Dactylariacandida, Dilophosphora alopecuri (available with TWIST FUNGUS®), Fusarium oxysporum, strain Fo47 (available with FUSACLEAN® from Natural Plant Protection) + TX, Alternaria solani (synonym: Alternaria solani) strain J1446 (e.g., Prestop® from Lallemand) + TX,Clonostachys rosea strain IK726 (Jensen DF et al. Development of a biocontrol agent for plant disease control with special emphasis on the near commercial fungal antagonist Clonostachys rosea strain 'IK726'), Australasian Plant Pathol. 2007, 36(2):95-101) + TX, Clonostachys rosea strain ACM941, especially strain 321U from Adjuvants Plus, such as Xue AG (Efficacy of Clonostachys rosea strain ACM941 and fungicide seed treatments for controlling the roottot complex of field pea [Efficacy of Pink Broom Fungus strain ACM941 and fungicide seed treatment for controlling root rot complex in field peas], Can Jour Plant Sci 2003, 83(3):519-524) disclosed the following strains: Metschnikowia fructicola, especially strain NRRLY-30752 + TX, Microsphaeropsis ochracea, Penicillium steckii from BASF (DSM 27859, WO 2015 / 067800) + TX, Trichoderma strain ICC 012 (also known as Trichoderma harzianum ICC012), with accession number CABI CC IMI 392716 and Trichoderma gesii (formerly Trichoderma viride) strain ICC 080, with accession number IMI 392151 mixture (e.g.,BIO-TAM™ from Isagro USA, Inc. or BIODERMA® from Agrobiosol de Mexico, SA de CV) + TX, Penicillium vermiculatum + TX, Phlebiopsis gigantea strain VRA 1992 (ROTSTOP® C from Danstar Ferment) + TX, Pseudozyma flocculosa strain PF-A22 UL (available from Plant Products Co., California as SPORODEX® L) + TX, Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain LAS117 cell wall (CEREVISANE® from Lesaffre, ROMEO® from BASF) + TX TX, from Lesaffre Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains CNCM 1-3936, CNCM 1-3937, CNCM 1-3938, CNCM 1-3939 (WO 2010 / 086790) + TX, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, especially strain LASO2 (from Agro-Levures et Dérivés) + TX, *Simplicillium lanosoniveum* + TX, strain T34 (e.g., T34 from Biocontrol Technologies SL, Spain) or strain ICC 012 from ISEG + TX, strain WRL-076 (NRRL Y-30842), US Patent No. 7,579,183 + TX, *Talaromyces flavus*, strain V117b + TX, *Trichoderma asperelloides* JM41R (registration number NRRL) B-50759 (from BASF AG's TRICHO PLUS®) + TX, *Trichoderma echinococcus*, especially strain SKT-1, with registration number FERM P-16510 (e.g., from Combinatorial Chemicals Industries' ECO-HOPE®) + TX, *Trichoderma echinococcus*, especially strain kd (e.g., from Andermatt Biocontrol's T-Gro) + TX, *Trichoderma viride* strain 77B (from Andermatt Biocontrol's T77) + TX, *Trichoderma viride* strain ATCC 20476 (IMI 206040) + TX,Trichoderma LC52 (e.g., Tenet from Agrim Technologies Limited) + TX, Trichoderma LU132 (e.g., Sentinel from Agrim Technologies Limited) + TX, Trichoderma NMI No. V08 / 002388 + TX, Trichoderma NMI No. V08 / 002389 + TX, Trichoderma NMI No. V08 / 002390 + TX, Trichoderma V08 / 002387 + TX, Trichoderma SKT-1 (FERM P-16510), Japanese Patent Application (Kokai) 11-253151 A + TX, Trichoderma SKT-2 (FERM P-16511), Japanese Patent Application (Kokai) 11-253151A + TX, Trichoderma SKT-3 ... Japanese Patent Application (Kokai) 11-253151A + TX, Japanese Patent Application (Kokai) 11-253151A + TX, Japanese Patent Application (Kokai) 11-253151A + TX, Japanese Patent Application (Kokai) 11-253151A + TX, Japanese Patent Application (Kokai) 11-253151A + TX, Japanese Patent Application (Kokai) 11- P-17021), Japanese Patent Application (Kokai Co., Ltd.) 11-253151 A +TX, Trichoderma viride, particularly strain SC1 (Registration No. CBS 122089, WO 2009 / 116106 and US Patent No. 8,431,120 (from Bi-PA) +TX, Trichoderma viride, strain CNCM 1-1237 (e.g. Esquive® WP from Agrauxine, France) +TX, Trichoderma pygmycin (e.g., TrichoPlus from BASF) +TX, Trichoderma galmus (formerly Trichoderma viride) +TX, Trichoderma galmus (formerly Trichoderma viride) strain ICC 080 (IMICC 392151 CABI) (available from Agriberso Mexico under BIODERMA®) +TX, Trichoderma galmus strain ICC080 (IMI CC 392151) CABI, e.g., BioDerma from Agribairso Mexico + TX, Trichoderma hookeri + TX, Trichoderma hookeri with registration number ATCC 28012 + TX, Trichoderma harzianum + TX, Trichoderma harzianum rifaiT39 (e.g., Trichodex® from Makhteshim, USA) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain CepaSimbT5 (from Simbiose Agro) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain DB 103 (available from Dagutat Biolab as T-GRO®7456) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain ITEM 908 (e.g., Trianum-P from Koppert) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain T-22 (e.g., Trianum-P from Andermatt Biocontrol or Koppert) + TX,Trichoderma harzianum strain TH35 (e.g., Root-Pro from Mycontrol) + TX, Trichoderma polysporum strain IMI 206039 (e.g., Binab TF WP from BINAB Bio-Innovation AB, Sweden) + TX, Trichoderma stromaticum with accession number Ts3550 (e.g., Tricovab from CEPLAC, Brazil) + TX, Trichoderma viride (also known as green broom mold) especially strain GL-21 (e.g., SoilGard from Sertis, USA) + TX, Trichoderma viride strain G-41, formerly known as green broom mold (accession number ATCC 20906) (e.g., ROOTSHIELD® PLUS WP and TURFSHIELD® PLUS WP from Bywards, USA) + TX, Trichoderma viride especially strain B35 (Pietr et al., 1993, Zesz.Nauk.AR w Szczecinie 161: 125-137) + TX, *Trichoderma viride* strain TV1 (e.g., *Trianum-P* from Corbert) + TX, *Ulocladium oudemansii* strain U3, with accession number NM 99 / 06216 (e.g., *BOTRY-ZEN®* from Botry-Zen Ltd, New Zealand, and *BOTRYSTOP®* from Bywards) + TX, *Verticillium albo-atrum* (formerly *Verticillium dahliae*) strain WCS850, with accession number WCS850, deposited at the Fungal Culture Centre (e.g., *DUTCH TRIG®* from Tree Care Innovations) + TX, *Verticillium chlamydosporium* + TX; A mixture of brown azotobacters and Clostridium pasteurellii (available from Agrinos under INVIGORATE®) + TX; a mixture of Bacillus licheniformis FMCH001 and Bacillus subtilis FMCH002 (available from FMC under QUARTZO® (WG) and PRESENCE® (WP)) + TX; *Sinapis latifolia* stem nodule, particularly strain ZB-SK-5 + TX; *Azospirillum brasiliensis* (e.g., VIGOR® from KALO) + TX; *Azospirillum lipophilicus* (e.g., VERTEX-IF™ from TerraMax) + TX; *Azotobacter spheroidae*, particularly strain H23 + TX; brown azotobacters, particularly strain ATCC 12837 + TX; *Bacillus amyloliquefaciens* BS27 (registration number NRRL B-5015) + TX. TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, especially strain FZB42 (e.g., RHIZOVITAL® from Abitep GmbH, Germany) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, especially strain IN937a + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens pm414 (LOLI-PEPTA® from Biofilm Crop Protection) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SB3281 (ATCC # PTA-7542, WO 2017 / 205258) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TJ1000 (available from Novozymes as QUIKROOTS®) + TX, Bacillus cereus member EE128 (NRRL No. B-50917) + TX, Bacillus cereus member EE349 (NRRL No. B-50928) + TX, Bacillus cereus, especially strain BP01 (ATCC 55675, such as MEPICHLOR® from Arysta Lifescience (USA) + TX, Bacillus mycosis fungoides BT155 (NRRL No. B-50921) + TX, Bacillus mycosis fungoides BT46-3 (NRRL No. B-50922) + TX, Bacillus mycosis fungoides EE118 (NRRL No. B-50918) + TX, Bacillus mycosis fungoides EE141 (NRRL No. B-50916) + TX, Bacillus pumilus, especially strain GB34 (e.g., YIELD SHIELD® from Bayer CropScience, Germany) + TX, Bacillus pumilus, especially strain QST2808 (registration No. B-30087) + TX, Bacillus sicca, especially strain KCTC 13613T + TX. TX, Bacillus subtilis, particularly strain AQ30002 (registration number NRRL B-50421 and described in U.S. Patent Application No. 13 / 330,576) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain AQ30004 (NRRL No. B-50455 and described in U.S. Patent Application No. 13 / 330,576) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain MBI 600 (e.g., SUBTILEX® from BASF) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain rm303 (RHIZOMAX® from Biofilm Crop Protection) + TX, Bacillus subtilis strain BU1814 (available from BASF as TEQUALIS®) + TX, Bacillus tekirae strain NII-0943 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis BT013A (NRRL No. B-50924), also known as Bacillus thuringiensis 4Q7 + TX, Slow-growing rhizobium of soybean (e.g., OPTIMIZE® from Novozymes) + TX, Delft acidophilus strain RAY209 (e.g., from Brett Young Seeds' BIOBOOST® + TX, Lactobacillus species (e.g., LACTOPLANT® from LactoPAFI) + TX, Meso- and Slow-growing Rhizobia (e.g., NODULATOR from BASF) + TX, Bacillus polymyxa, especially strain AC-1 (e.g., TOPSEED® from Green Biotechnology Ltd.) + TX, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, especially strain PN1 + TX, Pseudomonas proradix (e.g., PRORADIX® from Sourcon Padena) + TX, Rhizobium leguminosarium biovarviciae (e.g., NODULATOR from BASF) + TX, Rhizobium leguminosarium biovarviciae, especially strain Z25 (CECT 4585) + TX, Serratia marcescens, especially strain SRM (MTCC 8708) + TX TX, *Rhizobium sinense* strain NRG-185-1 (from Bayer Crop Science NITRAGIN® GOLD) + TX, *Thiobacillus* species (e.g., CROPAID® from Cropaid Ltd, UK) + TX; Varicella salina strain AARC-0255 (e.g., DiTera™ from Valent Biosciences) + TX, Penicillium baicalensis strain ATCC 22348 (e.g., JumpStart® from Acceleron BioAg) + TX, Penicillium baicalensis strain ATCC ATCC20851 + TX, Paecilomyces lilacinus (formerly known as Paecilomyces lilacinus) strain 251 (AGAL 89 / 030550, e.g., BioAct from Bayer CropScience Biosciences) + TX, Pythium oligandrum strain DV74 + TX, Pythium oligandrum strain M1 (ATCC 38472, e.g., Polyversum from Bioprepraty, Czech Republic) + TX TX, *Rhizopogon amylopogon* (from Agri-Enterprise, formerly Myco-Sol of Helena Chemical Company) + TX, *Rhizopogon fulvigleba* (e.g., from Agri-Enterprise, formerly Myco-Sol of Helena Chemical Company) + TX, *Rhizopogon vulgaris* strain V117b + TX, *Trichoderma echinococcus* strain (from Plant Health Products, South Africa, Eco-T) + TX, *Trichoderma echinococcus* strain kd (e.g., T-Gro from Andermart Biocontrol) + TX, *Trichoderma viride*, especially strain number V08 / 002387 + TX, *Trichoderma viride* strain CNCM 1-1237 (e.g., Esquive® WP from Aglaucus, France) + TX, Trichoderma viride strain LC52 (also known as Trichoderma viride strain LU132, e.g., Sentinel from Agrim Technology Ltd.) + TX, Trichoderma viride strain NMI number V08 / 002388 + TX, Trichoderma viride strain NMI number V08 / 002389 + TX, Trichoderma viride strain NMI number V08 / 002390 + TX, Trichoderma viride strain SC1 (described in WO2009 / 116106) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22 + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain ITEM 908 + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain T-22 (e.g., from Andermatt Biocontrol or Corbett's Trianum-P) + TX, Trichoderma harzianum strain TSTh20 + TX, Trichoderma viride strain GI-3 + TX, Trichoderma viride strain GL-21 (e.g., SoilGard® from Sertex Corporation, USA) + TX,Trichoderma viride strain B35 (Pietr et al., 1993, Zesz.Nauk.AR w Szczecinie161: 125-137) + TX, Verticillium leuciscinum (formerly Verticillium dahliae) strain WCS850 (CBS 276.92, e.g. Dutch Trig from Tree Care Innovations) + TX; Agrobacterium radialis strain K84 (Galltrol from Ager Biosciences) + TX, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, especially strain PTS-4838 (e.g., AVEO from Valencia Biosciences) + TX, Bacillus mycosis fungoides isolate J. (e.g., BmJ from Certis USA) + TX, Bacillus spheroidae, especially serotype H5a5b strain 2362 (strain ABTS-1743) (e.g., VECTOLEX® from Valencia Biosciences) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Israel strain BMP 144 (e.g., AQUABAC® from Becker Microbial Products IL, Illinois) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. niger strain GC-91 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. niger, especially serotype H-7 (e.g., FLORBAC® WG from Valencia Biosciences) + TX TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. niger, especially strain ABTS-1857 (SD-1372, e.g., XENTARI® from Valencia Biosciences) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. niger (serotype H-14) strain AM65-52 (accession number ATCC1276) (e.g., VECTOBAC® from Valencia Biosciences) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstak strain ABTS 351 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstak strain BMP 123 (from Becker Microbial Products, Illinois, and BARITONE from Bayer Crop Science) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstak strain EG 2348 (from Certis, Inc., USA) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstak strain EG 7841 (from CRYMAX, Certis, Inc., USA) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Kurstak subspecies HD-1 (e.g., DIPEL® ES from Valencia Biosciences, USA) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Kurstak subspecies PB 54 + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Kurstak subspecies SA 11 (JAVELIN from Certis, USA) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Kurstak subspecies SA 12 (THURICIDE from Certis, USA) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Tenebrionibacterium subspecies NB 176 (SD-5428, e.g., NOVODOR® FC from BioFa DE, Germany) + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Colmer variant (e.g., TIANBAOBTC from Changzhou Jianghai Chemical Factory) + TX,Bacillus thuringiensis Japanese variant strain Buibui + TX, Bacillus thuringiensis Kurstak variant strain EVB-113-19 (e.g., BIOPROTEC® from AEF Global) + TX, Bacillus laterosporus + TX, Burkholderia species, especially Burkholderia renogeri strain A396 (also known as Burkholderia renogeri strain MBI305) (accession numbers NRRL B-50319, WO 2011 / 106491 and WO 2013 / 032693, e.g., MBI206 TGAI and ZELTO® from Maronni BioInnovation) + TX, Chromobacterium subtsugae, especially strain PRAA4-1T (e.g., MBI-203, e.g., GRANDEVO® from Maronni BioInnovation) + TX. TX, *Scabiei* Ve6 (from MYCOTAL, Corbett) + TX, *Paenibacillus popilliae* (formerly *Bacillus popilliae*, e.g., MILKY SPORE POWDER™ or MILKY SPORE GRANULAR™ from St. Gabriel Laboratories) + TX, *Serratia entomophila* (e.g., INVADE® from Wrightson Seeds) + TX, *Serratia muscaria* strain SRM (accession number MTCC 8708) + TX, *Trichoderma echinococcus* (from TRICHODERMAX, Novozymes) + TX, *Wolbachia pipientis* ZAP strain (e.g., ZAP MALES® from MosquitoMate) + TX; Beauveria bassiana strain ATCC 74040 (e.g., NATURALIS® from IntrachemBio Italia) + TX, Beauveria bassiana strain ATP02 (accession number DSM 24665), Apopka 97 (PREFERAL from SePRO) + TX, Beauveria bassiana strain GHA (accession number ATCC74250, e.g., BOTANIGUARD® ES and MYCONTROL-O® from Laverlam International Corporation) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae 3213-1 (deposited under NRRL accession number 67074, disclosed in WO 2017 / 066094, Pioneer Hi-Bred International) + TX, Metarhizium anisopliae Roberts 15013-1 (deposited under NRRL accession number 67073) + TX TX, Metarhizium anisopliae 23013-3 (extracted under NRRL accession number 67075) + TX, Paecilomyces lilacinus strain 251 (from MELOCON, Ceres, Inc., USA) + TX; The following viruses were tested: Codling moth (Cydia pomonella) granulovirus (GV) + TX; Cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) + TX; Summer fruit tortrix (Adoxophyes orana) granulovirus (GV) + TX; Beet armyworm (Spodopteraexigua) mNPV + TX; Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) mNPV + TX. Burkholderia species, especially Burkholderia cepacia (formerly known as Pseudomonas cepacia) + TX, Gigasparora species + TX, Glomus species + TX, Laccaria species + TX, LactoBacillus buchneri + TX, Paraglomus species + TX, Pisolithus tinctorus + TX, Pseudomonas species + TX, Rhizobium species, especially Rhizobium trifolium + TX, Rhizopogon species + TX, Scleroderma species + TX, Streptomyces species + TX, Suillus species spp.) + TX, Agrobacterium spp. + TX, Azorhizobium caulinodans + TX, Azospirillum spp. + TX, Azotobacter spp. + TX, Bradyrhizobium spp. + TX, Gigasparora monosporum + TX; Garlic (NEMGUARD from Eco-Spray, BRALIC from ADAMA) + TX, Armour-Zen + TX, Wormwood + TX, Biokeeper WP + TX, Cruciferous extracts, especially rapeseed powder or mustard powder + TX, Cassia nigricans + TX, Bitter orange vine + TX, Chenopodium anthelminticum + TX, Quinoa saponin extract from quinoa seeds (e.g., Heads Up® (quinoa saponins) from Heads Up plant Protectants, Canada) + TX, Chitin + TX, Dryopteris filix-mas + TX, Horsetail + TX, Fortune Aza + TX, Fungastop + TX, Melaleuca alternifolia extract (TIMOREX GOLD from Stockton, STK) + TX TX, naturally occurring blad peptides extracted from lupin seeds (FRACTURE® from FMC) + TX, naturally occurring blad peptides extracted from lupin seeds (PROBLAD® from Sertis Europe) + TX, pyrethroids + TX, Quassia amara + TX, Quercus + TX, soapberry extract (QL AGRI 35 from BASF) + TX, REGALIA MAXX (from Maronni Bio) + TX, Requiem™ insecticide + TX, Reynoutria sachalinensis extract (REGALLIA + TX, ryanodine / rennetine + TX, comfrey + TX, artemisia + TX, thymol + TX, thymol mixed with geraniol (CEDROZ from Eden Research) + TX, thymol (MEVALONE from Eden Research) mixed with geraniol and eugenol + TX, Triact 70 + TX, TriCon + TX, Tropaeulum majus + TX, nettle + TX, veratrine + TX, mistletoe + TX; Mercuric oxide + TX, octathione + TX, methyl thiophanate + TX; MGK 264 + TX, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl piperine + TX, 2-isovaleryl indan-1,3-dione + TX, 4-(quinoxalo-2-ylamino)benzenesulfonamide + TX, 5-(1,3-benzodioxane-5-yl)-3-hexylcyclohex-2-enone + TX, aramaenobenzene + TX, aramaenobenzene-S-methyl + TX, α-bromadiolone + TX, α-chlorool + TX, aluminum phosphide + TX, anthraquinone + TX, antagonist + TX, arsenic trioxide + TX, barium carbonate + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, dimethomorph + TX, bromadiolone + TX, bromadiolone + TX, bromadiolone + TX, calcium cyanide + TX, chloralose + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, cholecalciferol + TX, cloquintocet (including cloquintocet-mexyl) + TX, copper naphthenate + TX, copper oxychloride + TX, chlorpyrifos + TX, cyprodinil + TX, cyprodinil + TX, pyrimethanil + TX, cyprodinil + TX, diazinon + TX, allyl oxychloride + TX, dicyclopentadiene + TX, cyprodinil + TX, thiamethoxam + TX, phosmet + TX, calciferol + TX, farnesol + TX, farnesol with nerolidol + TX, fenchlorazole (including fenchlorazole-ethyl) + TX, fenchlordine + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, fluoroacetamide + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, flufenoxuron hydrochloride + TX, flufenoxuron + TX, fenchlordine + TX, γ-HCH + TX, Biguanide Octyl Salt + TX, Biguanide Octyl Acetate + TX, HCH + TX, Hydrogen Cyanide + TX, Imanin + TX, Iodomethyl + TX, Isoxafen (including isoxadifen-ethyl) + TX, Lindane + TX, Magnesium Phosphide + TX, MB-599 + TX, Mefenpyr (including mefenpyr-diethyl) + TX, Mefenpyr Sulfonamide + TX, Cypermethrin + TX, Methyl Bromomethyl + TX, Nerolidol + TX, Sodium Chloride + TX, Petroleum Oil + TX, Rat Poison + TX, Phosphine + TX, Phosphine + TX, Phosphate + TX, Warfarin + TX, Piperyl Butyl Ether + TX, Synergistic Aldehyde + TX, Potassium Arsenite + TX, Thiamethoxam + TX, Propyl Isomer + TX, Pyridine-4-amine + TX, rodenticide + TX, Polygonum cuspidatum extract + TX, ribavirin + TX, S421+ TX, Onion glycoside + TX, Synergistic powder + TX, Sesamin + TX, Sodium arsenite + TX, Sodium cyanide + TX, Sodium fluoroacetate + TX, Strychnine + TX, Sulfoxide + TX, Thallium sulfate + TX, Ciprofloxacin + TX, Mixed cypermethrin + TX, Warfarin + TX, Zinc naphthenate + TX, Zinc phosphide + TX, Zinc thiram + TX.

[0363] References in parentheses following the active ingredient, such as [3878-19-1], refer to Chemical Abstracts Registry Numbers. The mixtures described above are known. In cases where the active ingredient is included in “The Pesticide Manual” [The Pesticide Manual - A World Compendium; 13th Edition; edited by CDS TomLin; The British Crop Protection Council], they are described therein by the entry number given in parentheses above for the specific compound; for example, the compound “avermectin” is described by entry number (1). In cases where “[CCN]” is added above for the specific compound, the compound in question is included in “Compendium of Pesticide Common Names”, which is available on the Internet [A. Wood; Compendium of Pesticide Common Names [Copyright © 1995-2004]; for example, the compound “acetoprole” is described at the Internet address http: / / www.alanwood.net / pesticides / acetoprole.html.

[0364] Most of the active ingredients described above are indicated by what are referred to as “common names” above, with the corresponding “ISO common name” or another “common name” used in different contexts. If the name is not a “common name,” the type of name used is replaced by the name given in parentheses for the specific compound; in this case, the IUPAC name, IUPAC / Chemical Abstracts name, “chemical name,” “common name,” “compound name,” or “development code” is used, or if neither of those names nor a “common name” is used, an “alias” is used. “CAS Registry Number” refers to the Chemical Abstracts Registry Number.

[0365] A mixture of compounds of formula (I) selected from those defined in Tables A-1 to A-52, B-1 to B-52 and Table P, and the active ingredient described above, comprises a compound selected from those defined in Tables A-1 to A-52, B-1 to B-52 and Table P, and the active ingredient as described above. The compound and the active ingredient are preferably in a mixing ratio from 100:1 to 1:6000, especially from 50:1 to 1:50, more especially from 20:1 to 1:20, even more especially from 10:1 to 1:10, very especially from 5:1 and 1:5, particularly preferably from 2:1 to 1:2, and equally preferably from 4:1 to 2:1, especially 1:1, or 5:1, or 5:2, or 5:3, or 5: 4, or 4:1, or 4:2, or 4:3, or 3:1, or 3:2, or 2:1, or 1:5, or 2:5, or 3:5, or 4:5, or 1:4, or 2:4, or 3:4, or 1:3, or 2:3, or 1:2, or 1:600, or 1:300, or 1:150, or 1:35, or 2:35, or 4:35, or 1:75, or 2:75, or 4:75, or 1:6000, or 1:3000, or 1:1500, or 1:350, or 2:350, or 4:350, or 1 The ratios are 2:750, 2:750, or 4:750. These mixing ratios are by weight.

[0366] The compounds and mixtures described above can be used in methods for controlling pests, excluding methods of treating humans or animals by surgical or therapeutic procedures and diagnostic methods performed on humans or animals, such as applying compositions containing the compounds or mixtures described above to pests or their environment.

[0367] A mixture of a compound having formula (I) and one or more active ingredients as described above, comprising compounds selected from those defined in Tables A-1 to A-52, Tables B-1 to B-52 and Table P, can be applied, for example, as a single "ready-to-use with water" formulation, as a combined spray mixture (consisting of separate formulations of single active ingredient components, such as "tank mixes"), and when these single active ingredients are applied in a sequential manner (i.e., one after another within a moderately short period of time, such as hours or days). The order in which the compound having formula (I) and the active ingredients as described above are applied is not essential for carrying out the invention.

[0368] The compounds according to the invention can be used as pest control agents in their unmodified form, but they are generally formulated into compositions using various formulation aids such as carriers, solvents, and surfactants. Formulations can be in different physical forms, for example, as: powders, gels, wettable powders, water-dispersible granules, water-dispersible tablets, effervescent compressed tablets, emulsifiable concentrates, microemulsifiable concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, flowable oils, aqueous dispersants, oily dispersants, suspensions, capsule suspensions, emulsifiable granules, soluble liquids, water-soluble concentrates (using water or water-miscible organic solvents as carriers), impregnated polymer films, or other known forms, such as those known from the Manual on Development and Use of FAO and WHO Specifications for Pesticides, United Nations, First Edition, Second Revision (2010). Such formulations can be used directly or diluted before use. It can be diluted, for example, with water, liquid fertilizer, micronutrients, biological organisms, oil or solvents.

[0369] These formulations can be prepared, for example, by mixing the active ingredient with formulation aids to obtain compositions in the form of finely dispersed solids, particles, solutions, dispersions, or emulsions. These active ingredients can also be formulated with other aids, such as finely dispersed solids, mineral oils, plant or animal-derived oils, modified plant or animal-derived oils, organic solvents, water, surfactants, or combinations thereof.

[0370] These active ingredients can also be contained in very fine microcapsules. Microcapsules contain the active ingredient within a porous carrier. This allows the active ingredient to be released into the environment in a controlled amount (e.g., slow release). Microcapsules typically have a diameter of 0.1 to 500 micrometers. They contain approximately 25% to 95% of the active ingredient by weight of the capsule. These active ingredients can be in the form of a monolithic solid, fine particles in a solid or liquid dispersion, or a suitable solution. The encapsulating membrane can comprise, for example, natural or synthetic rubber, cellulose, styrene / butadiene copolymers, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylates, polyesters, polyamides, polyureas, polyurethanes, or chemically modified polymers, as well as starch xanthates, or other polymers known to those skilled in the art. Alternatively, very fine microcapsules can be formed in which the active ingredient is contained in a solid matrix of a base material as finely dispersed particles, but these microcapsules themselves are not encapsulated.

[0371] Suitable formulation aids for preparing compositions according to the invention are known in themselves. As liquid carriers, the following can be used: water, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, vegetable oil, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acid anhydride, acetonitrile, acetophenone, amyl acetate, 2-butanone, butylene carbonate, chlorobenzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, alkyl acetate, diacetone alcohol, 1,2-dichloropropane, diethanolamine, p-diethylbenzene, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol rosinate, diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, N,N Dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,4-dioxane, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, dipropylene glycol ether, alkylpyrrolidone, ethyl acetate, 2-ethylhexanol, ethylene carbonate, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 2-heptanone, α-pinene, d-limonene, ethyl lactate, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether, γ-butyrolactone, glycerol, glyceryl acetate, glyceryl diacetate, triacetic acid Glyceryl esters, hexadecane, hexanediol, isoamyl acetate, isobornyl acetate, isooctane, isophorone, cumene, isopropyl myristate, lactic acid, laurylamine, isopropylidene acetone, methoxypropanol, methyl isopentyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl laurate, methyl octanoate, methyl oleate, dichloromethane, m-xylene, n-hexane, n-octylamine, octadecanoic acid, octylamine acetate, oleic acid, oleyleneamine, o-xylene, phenol, polyethylene glycol, propionic acid, lactic acid Propylene acetate, propylene carbonate, propylene glycol, propylene glycol methyl ether, p-xylene, toluene, triethyl phosphate, triethylene glycol, xylenesulfonic acid, paraffin wax, mineral oil, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and alcohols with higher molecular weights, such as pentanol, tetrahydrofuranol, hexanol, octanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, etc.

[0372] Suitable solid carriers include, for example, talc, titanium dioxide, pyrophyllite clay, silica, attapulgite clay, diatomaceous earth, limestone, calcium carbonate, bentonite, calcium montmorillonite, cottonseed hulls, wheat flour, soybean flour, pumice, wood flour, ground walnut shells, lignin, and similar substances.

[0373] Many surfactants can be advantageously used in both solid and liquid formulations, especially those that can be diluted with a carrier before use. Surfactants can be anionic, cationic, nonionic, or polymeric, and they can be used as emulsifiers, wetting agents, suspending agents, or for other purposes. Typical surfactants include, for example, salts of alkyl sulfates, such as diethanolammonium dodecyl sulfate; salts of alkyl aryl sulfonates, such as calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; alkylphenol / olefin oxide addition products, such as ethoxylated nonylphenol; alcohol / olefin oxide addition products, such as ethoxylated tridecyl alcohol; soaps, such as sodium stearate; salts of alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, such as sodium dibutylnaphthalene sulfonate; salts of dialkyl sulfosuccinates, such as sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate; sorbitol esters, such as sorbitol oleate; quaternary ammonium compounds, such as dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride; polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids, such as polyethylene glycol stearate; block copolymers of eth...

Claims

1. A compound having formula (I) (I) Where A is CH or N; X is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; Q is Q a Or Q b , where the wavy line represents the connection between Q and the remaining part of the compound having the formula (I); R 1 It is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 cyanoalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy-C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl-C1-C2 alkyl or C1-C6 alkoxycarbonyl; R 2a It is hydrogen, halogen, -CN, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, C3-C4 cycloalkyl or cyclopropyl substituted with a single halogen or cyano group; R 2b It is a C3-C4 cycloalkyl group that is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, cyano, SF5, C1-C3 alkylthioalkyl, C1-C3 alkylsulfinyl, C1-C3 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C3 haloalkylthioalkyl, C1-C3 haloalkylsulfinyl, C1-C3 haloalkylsulfonyl, C1-C5 cyanoalkyl, C1-C5 cyanoalkoxy, C3-C4 cycloalkyl C1-C2 alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl C1-C2 haloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl carbonyl, or optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from the group consisting of: halogen, -CN, C1-C3 alkyl, and C1-C3 haloalkyl; R 3 It is a C1-C3 alkyl or a C1-C3 haloalkyl; R 4 It is pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, or thiazolyl, each of which is independently and optionally substituented by a single substituent R. 4b Replace; or R 4 It is optionally replaced by a single substituent R 4c N-substituted oxo-pyridazinyl; R 4a It is a pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrazol-1-yl, or N-linked triazole group, each of which is independently and optionally substituented by a single R. 4b Replace; or R 4a It is optionally replaced by a single substituent R 4c N-substituted oxo-pyridazinyl; R 4b It is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, C1-C3 haloalkoxy, -C(O)NR 10 R 11 -N(R) 11 )C(O)OR 10 or -N(R) 11 )C(O)R 10 ; R 4c It is a C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, allyl, propyneyl, or C3-C6 cycloalkyl or C1-C4 alkyl; R 5 R 5a and R 5b It is independently hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy, or C3-C4 cycloalkyl; R 6 It is bonded to a nitrogen atom, and R 6 It is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 cyanoalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxy-C1-C3 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl-C1-C2 alkyl or C1-C6 alkoxy carbonyl; R 10 It is hydrogen, C1-C3 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, C1-C2 alkyl, C1-C3 cyanoalkyl, cyanoC3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxyC1-C3 alkyl, or C1-C4 haloalkyl; R 11 It is hydrogen, hydroxyl, C1-C3 alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, cyanoC3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C3 cyanoalkyl, C1-C3 alkoxyC1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl or C1-C3 alkoxy; Or an agriculturally chemically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, enantiomer, tautomer, or N-oxide of the compound having formula (I).

2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein A is CH.

3. The compound according to claim 1 or 2, wherein X is oxygen.

4. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein R 1 It is hydrogen, methyl, or cyclopropylmethyl.

5. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein R 2a It is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, or isopropoxy.

6. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein R 2b It is chlorine, bromine, iodine, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethylsulfonyl, trifluoromethylsulfonyl, or cyclopropyl.

7. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein R 3 It is a methyl group.

8. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein - Q is Q a And R 4 It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4、Q c -5, Q c -6、Q c -7、Q c -8 or Q c -9; or - Q is Q b And R 4a It is Q c -1、Q c -2、Q c -3、Q c -4、Q c -5, Q c -6、Q c -7、Q c -8、Q c -9、Q c -10 or Q c -11: ； R 4b It is hydrogen, chlorine, cyano, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -C(O)NHR 11 -C(O)N(CH3)R 11 -NHC(O)R 10 or -N(CH3)C(O)R 10 ;and R 4c It is methyl, ethyl, allyl, propargyl or cyclopropylmethyl.

9. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein R 10 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, or cyanomethyl, preferably, R 10 It is hydrogen, methyl, or cyanomethyl; and R 11 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, cyclopropyl, 1-cyanocyclopropyl, or methoxy, preferably, R 11 It is either hydrogen or methyl.

10. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein R 4 It is pyrazin-2-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, 1-methyl-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-yl, 6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-ethoxypyridazin-3-yl, 6-chloropyridazin-3-yl, 5-cyano-2-pyridinyl, 6-carbamoylpyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-(methoxycarbonylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl, 6-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl, 5-carbamoyl-thiazolyl-2-yl, or 5-cyanothiazol-2-yl; and R 4a It is 5-cyano-2-pyridyl or pyrimidin-2-yl.

11. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein - Q is Q a And R 5 It is hydrogen, cyclopropyl, or methoxy; or - Q is Q b R 5a It is hydrogen, fluorine, cyclopropyl, trifluoromethyl, or difluoromethoxy, and R 5b It is hydrogen, fluorine, or methoxy.

12. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein R 5 R 5a and R 5b It is hydrogen.

13. The compound according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein R 6 It is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, methoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, allyl, propargyl, cyclopropylmethyl, methoxycarbonyl, or ethoxycarbonyl.

14. A composition comprising a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 13, one or more adjuvants and diluents, and optionally one or more other active ingredients.

15. A method, which is (i) A method for combating and controlling insects, mites, nematodes, or mollusks, said method comprising applying to the pest, the site of the pest, or plants susceptible to pest attack an effective amount of the insecticide, acaricide, nematodeicide, or molluskicide according to any one of claims 1 to 13 or the composition according to claim 14; or (ii) A method for protecting plant propagation material from attack by insects, mites, nematodes, or mollusks, said method comprising treating the plant propagation material or the site where the propagation material is grown with an effective amount of the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 13 or the composition according to claim 14; or (iii) A method for controlling parasites inside or on the body surface of an animal in need, the method comprising administering an effective amount of the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 13 or the composition according to claim 14.

16. A plant propagation material, such as a seed, said plant propagation material comprising, or coated with, said compound or said composition, any one of claims 1 to 13 or the composition of claim 14, or treated with, or having said compound or said composition attached thereto.

17. A compound having the formula IIa-1, IIa-2, IIb-1, or IIb-2: Among them, A and R 2a and R 2b It is as defined in any one of claims 1, 2, 5, and 6; and R a It is a C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl group, preferably R. a It is methyl or ethyl.

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