Surgical drill bit capable of preventing bone debris retention

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a bone scrap retention prevention operation drill bit which comprises a hollow drill bit body, a plurality of bone scrap collecting openings are formed in the bottom end of the drill bit body at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a miniature spiral conveying shaft is arranged in the drill bit body, and a follow-up driving mechanism is assembled between the bottom end of the miniature spiral conveying shaft and the drill bit body. The top end of the drill bit is rotatably connected with a bone scrap collecting box through a bearing, the bottom end of the bone scrap collecting box is fixedly connected with a cleaning port with a valve, the top end of the bone scrap collecting box is provided with a communicating port, and the top end of the connecting rod penetrates through the communicating port and extends to the outside. According to the drilling device, accumulation of bone scraps on the drill bit can be reduced, and the drilling effect is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention. Background Technology

[0002] In orthopedic surgery, the quality of drilling directly affects the stability of the fixation devices during surgery and the postoperative recovery outcome.

[0003] A surgical drill is a tool used to cut holes in bone. The principle is to align the drill with a pre-set position on the bone and rotate it to cut and create a hole. For example, in the prior art, a drill for orthopedic surgery is provided, which includes a drill body and a motor. The motor drives the drill body to rotate and cut the bone to create a hole until it reaches a height limited by a drilling stop mechanism.

[0004] However, in actual application, bone fragments may remain in the drill bit's spiral grooves during surgery, causing blockage of the chip removal channel, forcing the surgery to be interrupted to clean the drill bit, prolonging the operation time, and the remaining bone fragments will also increase the frictional resistance between the surgical drill bit and bone tissue, causing a sharp rise in local temperature and easily causing bone thermal injury. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the accumulation of bone fragments on the drill bit and ensure drilling effect, this application provides a surgical drill bit that prevents bone fragment retention.

[0006] This application provides a surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention, which adopts the following technical solution: A surgical drill for preventing bone fragment retention includes a hollow drill bit. The bottom end of the drill bit has several bone fragment collection ports evenly spaced circumferentially. A miniature spiral conveying shaft is installed inside the drill bit. A follow-up drive mechanism is assembled between the bottom end of the miniature spiral conveying shaft and the drill bit. A connecting rod is provided at the top end of the miniature spiral conveying shaft. A bone fragment collection box is rotatably connected to the top end of the drill bit via a bearing. A cleaning port with a valve is fixed to the bottom end of the bone fragment collection box. A connecting port is provided at the top end of the bone fragment collection box, and the top end of the connecting rod extends through the connecting port to the outside.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when the drill bit rotates for drilling operations, the follow-up drive mechanism drives the micro spiral conveyor shaft to rotate synchronously. When the micro spiral conveyor shaft rotates, its spiral structure will transport the bone chips that have entered the drill bit upwards. After the bone chips are transported to the top of the drill bit, they will enter the bone chip collection box, which is rotatably connected to the top of the drill bit through a bearing. After the operation is completed, the bone chips collected in the bone chip collection box can be cleaned out by opening the cleaning port with a valve. This effectively reduces the accumulation of bone chips on the drill bit and avoids the situation where the operation is interrupted and the drill bit is cleaned due to the blockage of the chip removal channel caused by bone chip residue. This achieves the effects of shortening the operation time, reducing the frictional resistance between the surgical drill bit and bone tissue, reducing the possibility of a sharp rise in local temperature, reducing the risk of bone thermal damage, and ensuring the drilling effect.

[0008] Preferably, the follower drive mechanism includes a lifting channel formed inside the bottom end of the drill bit, a plurality of follower slots formed inside the bottom end of the drill bit, and a follower rod fixed to the bottom end of the micro spiral conveying shaft. The lifting channel is connected to the hollow part inside the drill bit. The plurality of follower slots are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference outside the lifting channel and are connected to the lifting channel. The bottom end of the follower rod extends into the lifting channel and a plurality of follower blocks are fixed at equal intervals along the circumference on the outer wall. The number of follower blocks is the same as the number of follower slots and their positions correspond one-to-one. The plurality of follower blocks extend into the plurality of follower slots respectively.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, during the drilling process, the follower rod rotates together with the drill bit, and the follower block slides in the follower groove, which can provide guidance and stability. At the same time, the follower block will not detach from the follower groove. This design allows the micro spiral conveying shaft to rotate stably inside the drill bit without shifting or shaking due to the rotation of the drill bit, ensuring the stability and reliability of bone chip delivery. In addition, the setting of the lifting channel also provides a certain lifting space for the micro spiral conveying shaft to adapt to different drilling depths and bone chip collection needs.

[0010] Preferably, a follow-up opening and closing mechanism is installed between the interior of several of the bone fragment collection ports and the micro spiral conveying shaft, and a lifting drive mechanism is installed between the micro spiral conveying shaft and the connecting rod and the bone fragment collection box, so as to drive the follow-up opening and closing mechanism to open and close the bone fragment collection ports.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, during the drilling process, when bone fragments need to be collected, the lifting drive mechanism can drive the micro-spiral conveying shaft to rise, and at the same time, the follow-up opening and closing mechanism will open the bone fragment collection port, allowing the bone fragments to smoothly enter the drill bit and be transported to the bone fragment collection box by the micro-spiral conveying shaft; when drilling is completed or bone fragments do not need to be collected, the lifting drive mechanism can drive the micro-spiral conveying shaft to descend, and the follow-up opening and closing mechanism will close the bone fragment collection port, preventing bone fragments from falling out of the collection port or external impurities from entering the drill bit, thus improving the practicality and safety of the surgical drill bit.

[0012] Preferably, the follow-up opening and closing mechanism includes a ring seat fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the micro spiral conveying shaft and a blocking arm disposed inside the bone fragment collection port. The outer wall of the ring seat is provided with a plurality of connecting arms at equal intervals along the circumference. The number of connecting arms is the same as the number of blocking arms and their positions correspond one-to-one. The other end of the connecting arm extends into the inside of the blocking arm. The connecting arm and the ring seat, the connecting arm and the blocking arm, and the other end of the blocking arm and the bone fragment collection port are rotatably connected by a connecting shaft.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the micro spiral conveying shaft rises, the ring seat will drive the connecting arm to rise, and the connecting arm will then drive the sealing arm to rotate around the connecting shaft with the bone fragment collection port, thereby opening the bone fragment collection port; when the micro spiral conveying shaft descends, the ring seat will drive the connecting arm to descend, and the connecting arm will then drive the sealing arm to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby closing the bone fragment collection port, which can effectively realize the opening and closing of the bone fragment collection port.

[0014] Preferably, the lifting drive mechanism includes a gear, a side rack, a lifting rod, a rotating shaft, and a lifting drive component. The miniature spiral conveying shaft passes through the middle of the lifting rod and is assembled with the lifting rod via bearings. The portion of the miniature spiral conveying shaft passing through the lifting rod is fixedly connected to a connecting rod. The side rack is embedded and fixedly connected to the side wall of the lifting rod. The rotating shaft is arranged outside the lifting rod, and both ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bone fragment collection box via bearings. The gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the gear meshes with the adjacent side rack. The output end of the lifting drive component is assembled with the end of the rotating shaft. The height of the follower groove is greater than that of the follower block, satisfying the lifting conditions of the miniature spiral conveying shaft.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the lifting drive component is working, it will drive the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft will then drive the gear to rotate. The gear meshes with the side rack, thereby driving the lifting rod to rise or fall. The lifting rod will then drive the micro spiral conveyor shaft to rise or fall, thus realizing the lifting drive mechanism to lift the micro spiral conveyor shaft. Moreover, the height of the follower groove is greater than that of the follower block, providing sufficient space for the lifting of the micro spiral conveyor shaft and ensuring the smooth operation of the lifting drive.

[0016] Preferably, the lifting drive component is a rotary drive mechanism, which is mounted on the connecting rod. The rotary drive mechanism includes a push-pull groove and a movable through groove at the top of the bone fragment collection box. The push-pull groove is located above the movable through groove. Two push-pull cover plates are symmetrically arranged inside the push-pull groove. The two push-pull cover plates have arc-shaped grooves on their end walls close to each other. The two arc-shaped grooves form a circular groove that surrounds the connecting rod. Two movable through grooves are symmetrically arranged along the connecting opening and communicate with the push-pull groove. A fixed rod is fixedly connected inside the movable through groove. A movable block is movably connected to the fixed rod through an opening. A connecting spring is elastically sleeved between the side wall of the movable block and the side wall of the corresponding movable through groove outside the fixed rod. The top of the movable block is fixedly connected to the adjacent push-pull cover plate. An upper rack is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable block and meshes with an adjacent gear.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to drive the micro spiral conveyor shaft to rise or fall, the connecting rod can be pushed or pulled. The connecting rod moves in the circular groove formed by the two arc grooves, which in turn drives the push-pull cover plate to move. The push-pull cover plate then drives the movable block to move on the fixed rod. The movable block compresses or stretches the connecting spring. At the same time, the upper rack at the bottom of the movable block drives the gear to rotate. The gear then drives the lifting rod to rise or fall through the rotating shaft, thereby realizing the lifting and falling of the micro spiral conveyor shaft.

[0018] In this application, the mechanism transforms the movement of the connecting rod into a lifting motion by manually pulling open the push-pull cover. The overall structure is mainly composed of mechanical components. Compared with electric or hydraulic drive, it reduces the use of complex electronic components such as motors, sensors, and control systems, thus lowering manufacturing costs. The operation process utilizes an arc-shaped groove to guide the movement of the connecting rod. With the coordinated action of components such as the push-pull cover, moving block, fixed rod, connecting spring, upper rack, gear, rotating shaft, and lifting rod, the linear push-pull motion is cleverly transformed into the vertical lifting motion of the lifting rod. The components are compactly arranged, enabling power transmission and motion conversion within a small space, effectively saving installation space. The mechanical structure is simple and clear, with fewer potential failure points. The manual operation method is not limited by external conditions such as power supply, resulting in higher versatility, flexibility, and adaptability.

[0019] Preferably, two gears are provided on one of the rotating shafts, such that a rack on one gear meshes with the other gear meshes with a side rack.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the two gears are set coaxially, with one gear meshing with the upper rack and the other gear meshing with the side rack. When the movable block moves the upper rack, one gear will rotate accordingly and drive the other gear to rotate synchronously through the rotating shaft. This, in turn, drives the side rack and the lifting rod to move up and down. This achieves the simultaneous control of the movement of the two meshing points with one drive source, improving transmission efficiency and stability, and ensuring that the miniature screw conveyor shaft can move up and down smoothly and accurately.

[0021] Preferably, the bone fragment collection port is designed with a convex structure, which cooperates with the sealing arm to close the bone fragment collection port.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the convex structure of the bone chip collection port and the sealing arm fit more tightly. When the sealing arm closes the bone chip collection port, it can better prevent bone chips from falling out of the collection port or external impurities from entering the drill bit, thereby improving the sealing and reliability of bone chip collection.

[0023] Preferably, the top of the drill bit is fixedly connected to an air duct, and the air inlet end of the air duct extends through the bone fragment collection box to the outside.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solutions, during the operation, air can be drawn into the drill bit through the air duct to create a negative pressure inside the air duct and even the drill bit. This negative pressure environment helps to draw bone fragments generated during drilling into the drill bit more quickly and effectively, and transport them to the bone fragment collection box along the micro spiral conveyor shaft. This further enhances the bone fragment collection effect, prevents bone fragments from spreading around the drill hole, maintains a clear surgical field, and provides a stronger guarantee for the smooth progress of the operation. Alternatively, air can be blown into the drill bit through the air duct. The blown air can also cool the drill bit, reduce the temperature generated by friction during drilling, reduce the risk of bone thermal damage, and improve the safety of the operation.

[0025] Preferably, the bone chip collection box has a concave structure, covering the drill bit. The two are assembled by bearings. The connecting rod is coaxial with the drill bit and moves through the communication port. The interior of the drill bit is in communication with the bone chip collection box and its interior. The bottom end of the bone chip collection box is fixed with a cleaning port with a valve, the height of which is less than the top surface height of the drill bit.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the concave bone fragment collection box can better collect and store bone fragments. The bone fragments settle to the bottom of the bone fragment collection box by their own weight. The height of the valved cleaning port fixed to the bottom of the bone fragment collection box is less than the height of the top surface of the drill bit, which makes it convenient to open the valve cleaning port after the operation and clean out the bone fragments collected in the bone fragment collection box.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By opening several bone chip collection ports at equal intervals along the circumference at the bottom of the drill bit, and setting a micro spiral conveying shaft inside the drill bit, a follow-up drive mechanism is installed between the micro spiral conveying shaft and the drill bit, a connecting rod is set at the top of the micro spiral conveying shaft, and a bone chip collection box is rotatably set on the outer wall. The device drives the connecting rod to rotate, which in turn drives the micro spiral conveying shaft and the drill bit to rotate. The rotating drill bit cuts the bone to form bone holes. The bone chips generated during the cutting process enter the interior of the drill bit through several bone chip collection ports and are transported to the bone chip collection box by the rotating micro spiral conveying shaft, which can prevent bone chips from being trapped. 2. By setting up a lifting drive mechanism, the connecting rod can be driven to rise and fall. This does not affect the connection effect of the connecting rod, but also protects the connecting rod when it is not connected, preventing wear and tear on the connecting rod from affecting the connection effect. 3. By setting up a follow-up opening and closing mechanism, the lifting drive mechanism drives the connecting rod to rise and fall while simultaneously driving the micro spiral conveying shaft to rise and fall. This enables the follow-up opening and closing mechanism to open several bone chip collection ports during surgical drill operations and close several bone chip collection ports after surgical drill operations, thus preventing dust from entering.

[0028] 4. The present invention is equipped with an air duct, which can be selected for use according to the actual surgical situation. It can provide suction inside the drill bit, help bone chips enter the micro spiral conveyor shaft, absorb the heat of the drilling, avoid bone thermal damage, and assist in cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention in the embodiments of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the follow-up drive mechanism in the embodiments of this application.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the follower groove, the lifting through groove, the follower block, and the follower rod in the embodiments of this application.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the lifting drive mechanism and the rotating drive mechanism in the embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another state of the surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention in the embodiments of this application.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Connecting rod; 2. Bone fragment collection box; 3. Cleaning port with valve; 4. Miniature spiral conveying shaft; 5. Drill bit; 6. Bone fragment collection port; 7. Connecting port; 101. Follower groove; 102. Lifting through groove; 103. Follower block; 104. Follower rod; 201. Gear; 202. Side rack; 203. Lifting rod; 204. Rotating shaft; 301. Push-pull groove; 302. Movable through groove; 303. Push-pull cover plate; 304. Arc groove; 305. Connecting spring; 306. Fixed rod; 307. Movable block; 308. Upper rack; 401. Ring seat; 402. Connecting arm; 403. Sealing arm; 404. Connecting shaft; 501. Air duct. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0036] This application discloses a surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A surgical drill for preventing bone fragment retention includes a hollow drill bit 5. The bottom end of the drill bit 5 has several bone fragment collection ports 6 evenly spaced along the circumference. A miniature spiral conveying shaft 4 is installed inside the drill bit 5. A follow-up drive mechanism is assembled between the bottom end of the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4 and the drill bit 5. A connecting rod 1 is provided at the top end of the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4. A bone fragment collection box 2 is rotatably connected to the top end of the drill bit 5 through a bearing. A cleaning port 3 with a valve is fixed to the bottom end of the bone fragment collection box 2. A connecting port 7 is provided at the top end of the bone fragment collection box 2. The top end of the connecting rod 1 extends to the outside through the connecting port 7.

[0038] In this embodiment, during the surgical drill operation, the connecting rod 1 is connected to the driving device. For example, the output end of the driving motor is assembled with the top end of the connecting rod 1. The driving device drives the connecting rod 1 to rotate, which in turn drives the micro spiral conveying shaft 4 to rotate. The micro spiral conveying shaft 4 drives the follower drive mechanism to rotate, which in turn drives the drill 5 to rotate. The rotating drill 5 cuts the bone to form a bone hole. The bone chips generated during the cutting process enter the drill 5 through several bone chip collection ports 6 and are transported to the bone chip collection box 2 by the rotating micro spiral conveying shaft 4. After the surgical drill operation, the valve with the valve cleaning port 3 is opened to pour out the bone chips collected in the bone chip collection box 2, which can prevent bone chips from being retained.

[0039] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The follower drive mechanism includes a lifting channel 102 opened inside the bottom end of the drill bit 5, a plurality of follower channels 101 opened inside the bottom end of the drill bit 5, and a follower rod 104 fixed to the bottom end of the micro spiral conveying shaft 4. The lifting channel 102 is connected to the hollow part inside the drill bit 5. The plurality of follower channels 101 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference outside the lifting channel 102, and the follower channels 101 are connected to the lifting channel 102. The bottom end of the follower rod 104 extends into the interior of the lifting channel 102, and a plurality of follower blocks 103 are fixed at equal intervals along the circumference on the outer wall of the follower rod 104. The number of follower blocks 103 is the same as the number of follower channels 101 and their positions correspond one-to-one. The plurality of follower blocks 103 extend into the interior of the plurality of follower channels 101 respectively.

[0040] In this embodiment, please refer to the appendix. Figure 1-3 The follower drive mechanism drives the follower rod 104 to rotate through the rotating miniature spiral conveying shaft 4. The follower rod 104 drives a number of follower blocks 103 to rotate. The number of follower blocks 103 extend into the interior of a number of follower grooves 101, driving the drill bit 5 to rotate, thus realizing the function of driving the drill bit 5 to rotate with the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4.

[0041] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided. Based on the above, a lifting drive mechanism is assembled between the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4 and the connecting rod 1 and the bone fragment collection box 2. The lifting drive mechanism includes a gear 201, side racks 202, a lifting rod 203, a rotating shaft 204, and a lifting drive component. The lifting rod 203 is hollow inside. The diameter of the top end of the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the lifting rod 203. The miniature spiral conveying shaft 4 is assembled to the lifting rod 203 via bearings. The portion of the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4 passing through the lifting rod 203 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 1. Therefore, when the connecting rod 1 is driven to rotate by the drive device, the connecting rod 1 can drive the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4 to rotate, but the outer wall of the lifting rod 203 will not rotate. There are two side racks 201... 2. Symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the lifting rod 203, the side rack 202 is embedded and fixedly connected to the side wall of the lifting rod 203. Two rotating shafts 204 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the lifting rod 203. The rotating shafts 204 are arranged outside the lifting rod 203, and the length of the lifting rod 203 is perpendicular to the length of the rotating shaft 204. The two ends of the rotating shaft 204 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bone fragment collection box 2 through bearings. Two gears 201 are fixedly sleeved on the same rotating shaft 204, and one gear 201 is meshed with the adjacent side rack 202. Since they are coaxially driven, the two gears 201 on the same rotating shaft 204 will rotate synchronously. The output end of the lifting drive component is assembled with the end of the rotating shaft 204. The lifting drive component is a lifting drive motor.

[0042] In this embodiment, please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 and 4 In the initial state of the surgical drill, the connecting rod 1 is located inside the bone fragment collection box 2. In the pre-operative installation state of the surgical drill, the connecting rod 1 is driven through the connecting port 7 to extend to the outside and connect with the driving device via the lifting drive mechanism. This does not affect the connection of the connecting rod 1, but also protects the connecting rod 1 in the non-installed state, preventing wear of the connecting rod 1 from affecting the connection effect.

[0043] The lifting drive unit drives the rotating shaft 204 to rotate, causing the gears 201 meshing with the side racks 202 to rotate. The two gears 201 rotating in opposite directions drive the two side racks 202 to rise. As a result, the lifting rod 203 can drive the connecting rod 1 and the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4 to rise, thus achieving the upward drive of the connecting rod 1 and the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4. At the same time, the height of the follower groove 101 is greater than that of the follower block 103, which satisfies the upward condition of the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4. The downward drive of the connecting rod 1 and the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4 is achieved through the above-mentioned reverse motion.

[0044] Furthermore, based on the above, a rotary drive mechanism replaces the lifting drive motor to provide the power source for the lifting rod 203's lifting motion. The rotary drive mechanism is mounted on the connecting rod 1. It includes a push-pull groove 301 and a movable through groove 302 located at the top of the bone fragment collection box 2. The push-pull groove 301 is located above the movable through groove 302 and is an integral groove structure. Two push-pull cover plates 303 are symmetrically arranged inside the push-pull groove 301. The two push-pull cover plates 303 have arc-shaped grooves 304 on their end walls, forming a circular groove that encloses the connecting rod 1. Two movable through grooves 302 are symmetrically arranged along the connecting opening 7 and communicate with the push-pull groove 301. The movable through grooves 302 are internally fixed... A fixed rod 306 is attached, and a movable block 307 is movably connected to the fixed rod 306 through an opening. A connecting spring 305 is elastically sleeved between the side wall of the movable block 307 and the side wall of the corresponding movable through slot 302 outside the fixed rod 306. The top of the movable block 307 is fixedly connected to the adjacent push-pull cover plate 303, and the bottom of the movable block 307 is fixedly connected to the upper rack 308. The upper rack 308 meshes with the adjacent gear 201. The gear 201 adjacent to the upper rack 308 mentioned here is the gear 201 that meshes with the side rack 202, and is also set on the same rotating shaft 204. That is to say, one gear 201 on the same rotating shaft 204 meshes with the upper rack 308, and the other gear 201 meshes with the side rack 202.

[0045] In this embodiment, please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 and 4 The rotation drive mechanism pulls open the two push-pull covers 303, causing them to move away from each other. The two covers 303 drive the movable block 307 to move within the movable through slot 302. The movable block 307 compresses the connecting spring 305, and simultaneously, the movable block 307 drives the upper rack 308 to move. The upper rack 308 drives the gear 201 meshing with it to rotate. Since the two gears 201 on the same rotating shaft 204 rotate synchronously, the other gear 201 meshing with the side rack 202 also rotates, thus… The side rack 202 is raised, which in turn raises the lifting rod 203. The lifting rod 203 then raises the connecting rod 1 and the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4. When it is necessary to lower the connecting rod 1 and the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4, the two push-pull covers 303 are pushed to move closer to each other. Under the elastic force of the connecting spring 305, the movable block 307 drives the upper rack 308 to move in the opposite direction. Through the transmission of the gear 201 and the side rack 202, the lifting rod 203 is lowered, which in turn lowers the connecting rod 1 and the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4.

[0046] This rotary drive mechanism design makes the lifting and lowering operation of the connecting rod 1 and the miniature spiral conveying shaft 4 more convenient, eliminating the need for additional lifting drive components, simplifying the overall structure, and reducing costs. The push-pull cover 303 allows medical staff to make flexible adjustments during surgery to adapt to different surgical needs and scenarios.

[0047] Furthermore, a preferred solution is provided, specifically referring to the above, and furthermore. Figure 4 and Figure 5 A follow-up opening and closing mechanism is installed between the interior of several bone fragment collection ports 6 and the micro spiral conveying shaft 4. The follow-up opening and closing mechanism includes an annular seat 401 fixedly sleeved at the bottom end of the micro spiral conveying shaft 4 and a blocking arm 403 disposed inside the bone fragment collection port 6. Several connecting arms 402 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the outer wall of the annular seat 401. The number of connecting arms 402 is the same as the number of blocking arms 403 and their positions correspond one-to-one. The other end of the connecting arm 402 extends into the interior of the blocking arm 403. A connecting shaft 404 is rotatably connected between the connecting arm 402 and the annular seat 401, between the connecting arm 402 and the blocking arm 403, and between the other end of the blocking arm 403 and the bone fragment collection port 6.

[0048] In this embodiment, the bone fragment collection port 6 has a convex structure, and the sealing arm 403 cooperates to seal the bone fragment collection port 6. (See attached drawing.) Figure 1 , 3 During the ascent of the miniature spiral conveyor shaft 4, the follow-up opening and closing mechanism is activated to collect bone fragments. The follow-up opening and closing mechanism, through the rising miniature spiral conveyor shaft 4, drives the ring seat 401 to rise. The ring seat 401 drives several connecting arms 402 to rotate and rise along the connecting shaft 404. The several connecting arms 402 drive several sealing arms 403 to rotate and rise along the connecting shaft 404, opening several bone fragment collection ports 6. During the descent of the miniature spiral conveyor shaft 4, the follow-up opening and closing mechanism is activated to close, preventing dust from entering the drill bit 5. The follow-up opening and closing mechanism closes the bone fragment collection ports 6 through the above-mentioned reverse movement.

[0049] Furthermore, a preferred solution is provided, based on the above, specifically as detailed in the appendix. Figure 1 The top of the drill bit 5 is fixed with an air duct 501, and the air inlet end of the air duct 501 extends through the bone fragment collection box 2 to the outside.

[0050] In this embodiment, the use of the air duct 501 is selected according to the actual drilling situation. The air duct 501 is connected to the suction device to provide suction inside the drill bit 5, which helps bone chips enter the micro spiral conveying shaft 4 while absorbing drilling heat and avoiding bone thermal damage.

[0051] Working principle of this invention: Before the operation, the two push-pull cover plates 303 are pulled open. The two push-pull cover plates 303 move away from each other, causing the two push-pull cover plates 303 to drive the movable block 307 to move in the movable through groove 302. The movable block 307 compresses the connecting spring 305. At the same time, the movable block 307 drives the upper rack 308 to move. The upper rack 308 drives the gear 201 meshing with it to rotate. Since the two gears 201 on the same rotating shaft 204 rotate synchronously, the other gear 201 meshing with the side rack 202 also rotates, thereby driving the side rack 202 to rise. The side rack 202 drives the lifting rod 203 to rise. The lifting rod 203 drives the connecting rod 1 and the micro spiral conveying shaft 4 to rise. The rising connecting rod 1 gradually passes through the connecting port 7 and extends to the outside. At this time, the follow-up opening and closing mechanism opens several bone fragment collection ports 6.

[0052] Connect the connecting rod 1 to the drive device, which drives the connecting rod 1 to rotate. The connecting rod 1 drives the micro spiral conveying shaft 4 to rotate, which in turn drives the follower drive mechanism to rotate. The follower drive mechanism drives the drill bit 5 to rotate. The rotating drill bit 5 cuts the bone to form a bone hole. The bone chips generated during the cutting process enter the drill bit 5 through several bone chip collection ports 6 and are transported to the bone chip collection box 2 by the rotating micro spiral conveying shaft 4. If a suction device is connected, the air duct 501 can provide suction inside the drill bit 5, helping the bone chips enter the micro spiral conveying shaft 4 while absorbing the heat from the drilling.

[0053] After the operation, the surgical drill 5 pushes the two push-pull cover plates 303 to move closer to each other. Under the elastic force of the connecting spring 305, the movable block 307 drives the upper rack 308 to move in the opposite direction. Through the transmission of the gear 201 and the side rack 202, the lifting rod 203 is lowered, which in turn drives the connecting rod 1 and the micro spiral conveying shaft 4 to lower. At this time, the follow-up opening and closing mechanism closes several bone fragment collection ports 6 and opens the valve of the cleaning port 3 with valve to pour out the bone fragments collected in the bone fragment collection box 2, which can prevent bone fragments from being retained.

[0054] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application. These embodiments are merely explanations of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention, characterized in that, The device includes a hollow drill bit (5), with several bone chip collection ports (6) evenly spaced along the circumference at the bottom end of the drill bit (5). A miniature spiral conveying shaft (4) is installed inside the drill bit (5). A follow-up drive mechanism is assembled between the bottom end of the miniature spiral conveying shaft (4) and the drill bit (5). A connecting rod (1) is provided at the top end of the miniature spiral conveying shaft (4). A bone chip collection box (2) is rotatably connected to the top end of the drill bit (5) through a bearing. A cleaning port (3) with a valve is fixed to the bottom end of the bone chip collection box (2). A connecting port (7) is provided at the top end of the bone chip collection box (2). The top end of the connecting rod (1) extends to the outside through the connecting port (7).

2. The surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention according to claim 1, characterized in that, The follower drive mechanism includes a lifting channel (102) opened inside the bottom end of the drill bit (5), a plurality of follower channels (101) opened inside the bottom end of the drill bit (5), and a follower rod (104) fixed to the bottom end of the micro spiral conveying shaft (4). The lifting channel (102) is connected to the hollow part inside the drill bit (5). The plurality of follower channels (101) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference outside the lifting channel (102) and are connected to the lifting channel (102). The bottom end of the follower rod (104) extends into the lifting channel (102) and a plurality of follower blocks (103) are fixed at equal intervals along the circumference on the outer wall. The number of follower blocks (103) is the same as the number of follower channels (101) and their positions correspond one-to-one. The plurality of follower blocks (103) extend into the plurality of follower channels (101) respectively.

3. The surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention according to claim 2, characterized in that, A follow-up opening and closing mechanism is installed between the interior of several bone fragment collection ports (6) and the micro spiral conveying shaft (4). A lifting drive mechanism is installed between the micro spiral conveying shaft (4) and the connecting rod (1) and the bone fragment collection box (2). The follow-up opening and closing mechanism is driven by the lifting drive mechanism to open and close the bone fragment collection ports (6).

4. The surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention according to claim 3, characterized in that, The follow-up opening and closing mechanism includes a ring seat (401) fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the micro spiral conveying shaft (4) and a blocking arm (403) set inside the bone fragment collection port (6). The outer wall of the ring seat (401) is provided with a number of connecting arms (402) at equal intervals along the circumference. The number of connecting arms (402) is the same as the number of blocking arms (403) and their positions correspond one-to-one. The other end of the connecting arm (402) extends into the inside of the blocking arm (403). The connecting arm (402) and the ring seat (401), the connecting arm (402) and the blocking arm (403), and the other end of the blocking arm (403) and the bone fragment collection port (6) are rotatably connected by a connecting shaft (404).

5. A surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting drive mechanism includes a gear (201), a side rack (202), a lifting rod (203), a rotating shaft (204), and a lifting drive component. The miniature spiral conveying shaft (4) passes through the middle of the lifting rod (203) and is assembled with the lifting rod (203) via bearings. The portion of the miniature spiral conveying shaft (4) passing through the lifting rod (203) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (1). The side rack (202) is embedded and fixedly connected to the side wall of the lifting rod (203). The rotating shaft (204) is arranged outside the lifting rod (203). The two ends of the rotating shaft (204) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bone fragment collection box (2) through bearings. The gear (201) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (204). The gear (201) meshes with the adjacent side rack (202). The output end of the lifting drive is assembled with the end of the rotating shaft (204). The height of the follower groove (101) is greater than that of the follower block (103), which satisfies the lifting conditions of the micro spiral conveying shaft (4).

6. A surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting drive component is a rotary drive mechanism, which is mounted on the connecting rod (1). The rotary drive mechanism includes a push-pull groove (301) and a movable through groove (302) located at the top of the bone fragment collection box (2). The push-pull groove (301) is located above the movable through groove (302). Two push-pull cover plates (303) are symmetrically arranged inside the push-pull groove (301). The two push-pull cover plates (303) are respectively provided with arc-shaped grooves (304) close to each other on their end walls. The two arc-shaped grooves (304) form a circular groove that surrounds the connecting rod (1). The two movable through grooves (302) are located along the connecting opening. (7) Symmetrically arranged and connected to the push-pull groove (301), a fixed rod (306) is fixedly connected inside the movable through groove (302), and a movable block (307) is movably connected to the fixed rod (306) through an opening. A connecting spring (305) is elastically sleeved between the fixed rod (306) and the side wall of the movable block (307) away from each other and the side wall of the corresponding movable through groove (302). The top of the movable block (307) is fixedly connected to the adjacent push-pull cover plate (303), and an upper rack (308) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable block (307). The upper rack (308) meshes with the adjacent gear (201).

7. A surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention according to claim 6, characterized in that, Two gears (201) are provided on one of the rotating shafts (204), such that a rack (308) on one gear (201) meshes with the other gear (201) meshes with a side rack (202).

8. A surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bone fragment collection port (6) is designed with a convex structure and cooperates with the sealing arm (403) to seal the bone fragment collection port (6).

9. A surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The top of the drill bit (5) is fixed with an air duct (501), and the air inlet of the air duct (501) extends through the bone fragment collection box (2) to the outside.

10. A surgical drill bit for preventing bone fragment retention according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The bone chip collection box (2) is a concave structure. The bone chip collection box (2) covers the drill bit (5). The two are assembled by bearings. The connecting rod (1) is coaxial with the drill bit (5) and moves through the communication port (7). The interior of the drill bit (5) is connected to the bone chip collection box (2) and its interior. The bottom end of the bone chip collection box (2) is fixed with a cleaning port (3) with a valve, which is less than the height of the top surface of the drill bit.

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