Clinical skin incision positioning device for orthopedic surgery

Abstract

The clinical skin incision positioning device comprises a lower positioning supporting frame, the lower positioning supporting frame is composed of a positioning main supporting body and end plates, the end plates are arranged at the two opposite ends of the positioning main supporting body, and connecting supports are arranged at the two opposite ends of the positioning main supporting body; a sliding guide rail shaft is arranged above the positioning main supporting body through two connecting supports, a skin incision cutter is arranged on the sliding guide rail shaft between the two connecting supports in a sliding mode through a fixator mechanism, and limiting mechanisms are arranged on the sliding guide rail shafts on the two opposite sides of the fixator mechanism. And a flattening mechanism is adjustably arranged on the skin incision cutter. A series of structures are arranged, the positioning and supporting direction can be adjusted according to the requirement of a surgical incision, the skin incision is accurately and flexibly positioned, the applicability is high, and the skin incision cutter can move and rotate up and down through the fixator mechanism; the flattening mechanism flattens and positions the upper portion of the skin, and surgical operation is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surgical incision positioning technology, specifically for clinical skin incision positioning devices used in orthopedic joint replacement surgery, spinal surgery, and open surgery for limb fractures. Background Technology

[0002] Orthopedic surgery is a general term encompassing trauma, joint, and spinal surgery. It is a specialized department dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of limb fractures, severe multiple injuries, spinal and pelvic fractures, bone and joint infections, tuberculosis, tumors, as well as cervical and lumbar disc herniation, spinal and joint deformity correction, and knee, hip, elbow, and shoulder joint replacement. Orthopedic surgery is a branch of surgery involving diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Orthopedic surgeons use surgical and non-surgical methods to treat musculoskeletal trauma, spinal diseases, sports injuries, degenerative diseases, infections, tumors, and congenital diseases. Incision is the first step in surgery, referring to the surgical procedure of creating an incision in tissues or organs using an instrument (usually a scalpel). It is one of the most fundamental surgical procedures, and a correct incision is a crucial factor in successful surgery. Over the years, surgical experts have created many typical, standardized incision patterns for various surgical conditions, which have played a significant role in surgical success.

[0003] With the changing times and society, the spectrum of orthopedic injuries and diseases has undergone significant changes. For example, diseases such as bone and joint tuberculosis, osteomyelitis, and polio have decreased significantly, while injuries caused by traffic accidents have increased significantly. Population aging has led to an increase in fractures, osteoarthritis, and spinal disorders caused by osteoporosis in the elderly. Environmental factors have also contributed to an increase in bone tumors and rheumatoid arthritis. In orthopedic surgery, specialized surgical approaches are becoming increasingly standardized. For example, in total hip and knee replacement surgery, a suitable classic surgical approach is selected through preoperative discussion based on the patient's condition. Correctly choosing the skin incision approach will facilitate the implantation of the artificial prosthesis. During surgical skin incision, the incision is made based on the surgeon's experience. The depth and length of the incision are determined by the surgeon's individual experience. In some surgeries, even with pre-operative planning, insufficient surgeon experience or unexpected events during the procedure can lead to insufficient incision depth, excessive incision length, irregular skin edges, damage to deep nerves and blood vessels, etc. Repeated skin damage by the surgeon can result in uneven suturing of the incision, noticeable scarring after surgery, and in a few cases, complications such as prolonged skin healing and infection, causing trouble and distress for both patients and doctors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for locating skin incisions in orthopedic surgery to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a skin incision positioning device for orthopedic surgery, comprising a lower positioning support frame, the lower positioning support frame being composed of a positioning main support body and end plates, end plates being provided at both opposite ends of the positioning main support body, connecting brackets being provided at both opposite ends of the positioning main support body, a sliding guide shaft being provided above the positioning main support body via the connecting brackets, two connecting brackets being provided, a skin incision cutter being slidably mounted on the sliding guide shaft between the two connecting brackets via a fixation mechanism, a limiting mechanism being provided on the sliding guide shaft on both opposite sides of the fixation mechanism, a flattening mechanism being adjustablely provided on the skin incision cutter, and a support mechanism being provided at the bottom of the positioning main support body on the side of the two connecting brackets that are far apart from each other;

[0006] The positioning main support body adopts a watch chain or track composed of several granules connected by a structure, and the sliding guide shaft adopts titanium alloy memory tapered steel wire. The sliding guide shaft and the positioning main support body maintain synchronous deformation.

[0007] Preferably, the skin incision knife includes a blade body, a connecting shank, a handle, a blade edge, and a skin inner surface fixing block. The top of the blade body is connected to the handle via the connecting shank, and the connecting shank and the sliding guide shaft are connected by a fixing mechanism. A blade edge is provided on one side of the blade body, and a skin inner surface fixing block is provided on the blade body at the lower end of the blade edge. A flattening mechanism is provided on the blade body.

[0008] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes a circular fixing sleeve and a fixing clamp. The connecting rod adopts a round rod structure, and a circular fixing sleeve is fitted on the connecting rod. A fixing clamp is provided on the side of the circular fixing sleeve near the sliding guide shaft by a movable screw. A locking bolt is provided on the other side of the circular fixing sleeve. The circular fixing sleeve is locked to the connecting rod by the locking bolt. The fixing clamp has a semi-circular structure, and the radius of the fixing clamp corresponds to the radius of the sliding guide shaft. The fixing clamp is engaged with the sliding guide shaft, and the fixing clamp and the circular fixing sleeve are connected at 90°.

[0009] Preferably, the flattening mechanism includes a flattening plate, an adjusting slide hole, a slider, a locking screw hole, and an adjusting bolt. One end of the flattening plate is provided with an adjusting slide hole, and the blade body passes through the flattening plate through the adjusting slide hole. The side of the flattening plate away from the blade surface is provided with a locking screw hole, and the internal thread of the locking screw hole is provided with an adjusting bolt. The flattening plate and the blade body are locked and fixed together by the adjusting bolt.

[0010] Preferably, the blade body has a groove on the side away from the cutting edge, and a slider is provided on the pressure plate near the groove inside the adjusting slide hole. The slider is slidably disposed inside the groove, and a locking screw hole passes through the slider.

[0011] Preferably, the side of the pressure plate away from the blade is inclined, the lower end of the inclined surface of the pressure plate is provided with an arc surface, and the top of the inclined surface of the pressure plate is integrally provided with a flattening protrusion.

[0012] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a limiting block and a limiting bolt. The limiting blocks are slidably sleeved on the sliding guide shafts on both sides of the fixing mechanism. The top of the limiting block is provided with a limiting bolt, and the limiting block is fixed to the sliding guide shaft by the limiting bolt.

[0013] Preferably, the support mechanism includes a support rod, a support base, a negative pressure chamber, a negative pressure port, and a vacuum generator. The top of the support rod is provided with a connecting seat, which has a U-shaped structure. A fixing bolt is provided on one side of the connecting seat. The lower end of the positioning main support body is located inside the connecting seat, and the connecting seat is fixed to the positioning main support body by the fixing bolt. The bottom of the support rod is provided with a support base, and the lower end of the support base is provided with a negative pressure chamber. Several negative pressure ports are provided on the support base at the bottom of the negative pressure chamber. The negative pressure ports are connected to the negative pressure chamber. The negative pressure chamber is connected to the input end of the vacuum generator through a connecting pipe. The vacuum generator is located on the support rod.

[0014] Preferably, the support rod is a telescopic rod, and the bottom of the support seat on the outer edge of the negative pressure port is embedded with a fitting strip, which is arranged in a circular ring structure.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. This device for locating skin incisions in orthopedic surgery utilizes a lower positioning support frame and a sliding guide shaft. The main positioning support body is composed of a watch chain or track made of several granular connecting structures, while the sliding guide shaft is made of titanium alloy memory cone steel wire. The sliding guide shaft and the main positioning support body deform synchronously, thus achieving the function of positioning and supporting skin incisions in orthopedic surgery. Furthermore, the positioning support direction of the main positioning support body and the sliding guide shaft can be adjusted and changed according to the needs of the surgical incision, making the positioning of skin incisions in orthopedic surgery precise, flexible, and highly applicable. The support mechanism improves the stability of the positioning support, and the positioning of skin incisions in orthopedic surgery facilitates the operation of the surgery.

[0017] 2. This clinical skin incision positioning device for orthopedic surgery uses a fixation mechanism consisting of a circular fixed sleeve and a fixed clamp on the connecting blade rod. The circular fixed sleeve is fixed to the connecting blade rod and can rotate freely. The fixed clamp and the circular fixed sleeve are connected at 90° and can move with the sliding guide shaft, thereby realizing the up-and-down movement and rotation of the skin incision tool on this positioning device.

[0018] 3. A clinical skin incision positioning device for orthopedic surgery. Through a flattening mechanism set on the blade, the flattening plate can be adjusted up and down on the blade via adjusting the sliding hole and adjusting bolt. The flattening plate is used to flatten and position the skin above the clinical skin incision site in orthopedic surgery. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lower positioning support frame in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning main support body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the skin incision tool in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the support base in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Lower positioning support frame; 11. Positioning main support body; 12. End plate; 2. Connecting bracket; 3. Sliding guide shaft; 31. Limiting mechanism; 311. Limiting block; 312. Limiting bolt; 4. Fixing mechanism; 41. Circular fixing sleeve; 411. Locking bolt; 42. Fixing clamp; 5. Skin incision knife; 51. Knife body; 52. Connecting knife rod; 53. Knife handle; 54. Knife blade surface; 55. Skin inner surface fixing block; 6. Flattening mechanism; 61. Pressing plate; 611. Arc surface; 612. Flattening protrusion; 62. Adjusting sliding hole; 63. Sliding block; 64. Locking screw hole; 65. Adjusting bolt; 7. Support mechanism; 71. Support rod; 711. Connecting seat; 712. Fixing bolt; 72. Support seat; 73. Negative pressure chamber; 74. Negative pressure port; 75. Vacuum generator; 76. Adhesive tape. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, this embodiment is a skin incision positioning device for orthopedic surgery, including a lower positioning support frame 1. The lower positioning support frame 1 consists of a positioning main support body 11 and end plates 12. End plates 12 are provided at both opposite ends of the positioning main support body 11, and connecting brackets 2 are provided at both opposite ends of the positioning main support body 11. A sliding guide shaft 3 is provided above the positioning main support body 11 via the connecting brackets 2. There are two connecting brackets 2. A skin incision cutter 5 is slidably mounted on the sliding guide shaft 3 between the two connecting brackets 2 via a fixation mechanism 4. Limiting mechanisms 31 are provided on the sliding guide shaft 3 on both sides of the fixation mechanism 4. A flattening mechanism 6 is adjustable on the skin incision cutter 5. A support mechanism 7 is provided at the bottom of the positioning main support body 11 on the side of the two connecting brackets 2 that is furthest apart. The positioning main support body 11 uses a watch chain strap or track composed of several granules connected by a connecting structure. The sliding guide shaft 3 uses titanium alloy memory tapered steel wire. The sliding guide shaft 3 and the positioning main support body 11 maintain synchronous deformation, which can be adjusted according to… The preoperative surgical design of the incision shape requirements and adjustment of the curvature of the main support body enable the positioning and support function of the orthopedic clinical skin incision of this invention. Furthermore, the positioning and support direction of the main support body 11 and the sliding guide shaft 3 can be adjusted and changed according to the needs of the surgical incision, making the positioning of the orthopedic clinical skin incision precise, flexible, highly applicable, and stable. The fixation mechanism 4 connected to the sliding guide shaft 3 on the connecting blade 52 enables the skin incision tool 5 to move up and down and rotate on this positioning device. The up and down movement adjustment of the flattening mechanism 6 flattens and positions the skin above the orthopedic clinical skin incision site. This positioning device facilitates surgical operation by positioning the orthopedic clinical skin incision. The curvature can be adjusted according to the needs of the surgical incision, which is beneficial to the aesthetics of the surgical incision. The three-dimensional track mode helps the surgeon to cut the skin according to the predetermined design during surgery, reducing "collateral damage" to the surgical skin. It avoids poor surgical skin incision caused by the surgeon's personal experience or personal errors during surgery.

[0034] Specifically, the skin incision tool 5 includes a blade body 51, a connecting rod 52, a handle 53, a blade face 54 (the shape of the blade face 54 is designed to facilitate smooth sliding of the scalpel under the skin without damaging the nerve and blood vessel tissue below the blade tip), and a skin inner surface fixing block 55. The top of the blade body 51 is connected to the handle 53 via the connecting rod 52. The connecting rod 52 and the sliding guide shaft 3 are connected via a fixing mechanism 4. The blade face 54 is provided on one side of the blade body 51. The skin inner surface fixing block 55 is provided on the blade body 51 at the lower end of the blade face 54. A flattening mechanism 6 is provided on the blade body 51. The lower end has a sliding body with a hook tip design. It is used for skin incision operations in orthopedic surgery. It can accurately measure the skin thickness and set the skin cutting thickness without further damaging important nerves and blood vessels under the skin.

[0035] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism 4 includes a circular fixing sleeve 41 and a fixing clamp 42. The connecting rod 52 adopts a round rod structure, and the circular fixing sleeve 41 is fitted on the connecting rod 52. The circular fixing sleeve 41 is fitted with a fixing clamp 42 on the side of the circular fixing sleeve 41 near the sliding guide shaft 3 by a movable screw. The fixing clamp 42 has a certain range of rotation. The other side of the circular fixing sleeve 41 is provided with a locking bolt 411. The circular fixing sleeve 41 is locked to the connecting rod 52 by the locking bolt 411. The fixing clamp 42 is semi-circular in structure, and the radius of the fixing clamp 42 corresponds to the radius of the sliding guide shaft 3. The fixing clamp 42 is inserted into the sliding guide shaft 3. The fixing clamp 42 and the circular fixing sleeve 41 are connected at 90°. The circular fixing sleeve 41 is fixed on the connecting rod 52 and can rotate freely. The fixing clamp 42 can move with the sliding guide shaft 3.

[0036] Furthermore, the flattening mechanism 6 includes a flattening plate 61, an adjusting slide hole 62, a slider 63, a locking screw hole 64, and an adjusting bolt 65. One end of the flattening plate 61 is provided with an adjusting slide hole 62. The blade body 51 is set through the flattening plate 61 via the adjusting slide hole 62. The side of the flattening plate 61 away from the blade surface 54 is provided with a locking screw hole 64. The internal thread of the locking screw hole 64 is provided with an adjusting bolt 65. The flattening plate 61 and the blade body 51 are locked and fixed together by the adjusting bolt 65. The flattening plate 61 can be adjusted up and down on the blade body 51 by tightening and loosening the adjusting bolt 65 in the adjusting slide hole 62.

[0037] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the side of the blade body 51 away from the cutting edge 54. A slider 63 is provided on the pressure plate 61 inside the adjusting sliding hole 62 near the groove. The slider 63 is slidably disposed inside the groove. A locking screw hole 64 is provided through the slider 63. During the up and down movement of the pressure plate 61 on the blade body 51, the slider 63 slides in the groove, so that the pressure plate 61 moves smoothly on the blade body 51.

[0038] Furthermore, the side of the pressure plate 61 away from the blade 51 is set with an incline, the lower end of the incline of the pressure plate 61 is provided with an arc surface 611, and the top of the incline of the pressure plate 61 is integrally provided with a flattening protrusion 612, so that the pressure plate 61 fits in contact with the skin.

[0039] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism 31 includes a limiting block 311 and a limiting bolt 312. The limiting blocks 311 are slidably sleeved on the sliding guide shafts 3 on both sides of the fixing mechanism 4. The top of the limiting block 311 is provided with a limiting bolt 312. The limiting block 311 is fixed to the sliding guide shaft 3 by the limiting bolt 312. By tightening or loosening the limiting bolt 312, the position of the two limiting blocks 311 on the sliding guide shaft 3 can be adjusted. By adjusting the position of the two limiting blocks 311 on the sliding guide shaft 3, the range of motion of the fixing mechanism 4 on the sliding guide shaft 3 can be adjusted.

[0040] The usage method of this embodiment is as follows: First, the positioning device of the present invention is deformed and adjusted according to the shape of the orthopedic clinical skin incision. Since the lower positioning support frame 1 is composed of a positioning main support body 11 and an end plate 12, the sliding guide shaft 3 is set above the positioning main support body 11 through the connecting bracket 2. The skin incision knife 5 is slidably set on the sliding guide shaft 3 through the fixation mechanism 4. The positioning main support body 11 is made of a watch chain or track composed of several granules connected by a connecting structure. The sliding guide shaft 3 is made of titanium alloy memory tapered steel wire. The sliding guide shaft 3 and the positioning main support body 11 maintain synchronous deformation, realizing the positioning support function of the orthopedic clinical skin incision of the present invention. Moreover, the positioning support direction of the positioning main support body 11 and the sliding guide shaft 3 can be adjusted and changed according to the needs of the surgical incision, so that the positioning of the orthopedic clinical skin incision is accurate, flexible and highly applicable. The positioning device is adjusted according to the deformation of the surgical incision. Subsequently, the positioning device is fixedly supported by the support mechanism 7 to improve the stability of the positioning support. The fixing mechanism 4 connected to the sliding guide shaft 3 on the connecting knife bar 52 consists of a circular fixing sleeve 41 and a fixing clamp 42. The circular fixing sleeve 41 is fixed on the connecting knife bar 52 and can rotate freely. The fixing clamp 42 and the circular fixing sleeve 41 are connected at 90°. The fixing clamp 42 is inserted into the sliding guide shaft 3 and can move with the sliding guide shaft 3, thereby realizing the up-and-down movement and rotation function of the skin incision knife 5 on this positioning device. Through the flattening mechanism 6 set on the knife body 51, the flattening plate 61 can be adjusted up and down on the knife body 51 by tightening and loosening the adjusting bolt 65 in the adjusting slide hole 62. The flattening plate 61 is used to flatten and position the skin above the clinical skin incision site in orthopedic surgery. This positioning device facilitates the operation of surgery by positioning the clinical skin incision site in orthopedic surgery.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The structure of the skin incision positioning device for orthopedic surgery in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the skin incision positioning device for orthopedic surgery in Embodiment 1. The difference is that the support mechanism 7 includes a support rod 71, a support base 72, a negative pressure chamber 73, a negative pressure port 74, and a vacuum generator 75 (see Figure 8 and Figure 9The top of the support rod 71 is provided with a connecting seat 711, which has a U-shaped structure. A fixing bolt 712 is provided on one side of the connecting seat 711. The lower end of the positioning main support body 11 is located inside the connecting seat 711, and the connecting seat 711 is fixed to the positioning main support body 11 by the fixing bolt 712. The bottom of the support rod 71 is provided with a support base 72. A negative pressure chamber 73 is provided inside the lower end of the support base 72. Several negative pressure ports 74 are provided on the support base 72 at the bottom of the negative pressure chamber 73. The negative pressure ports 74 are connected to the negative pressure chamber 73. The negative pressure chamber 73 is connected to the input end of the vacuum generator 75 via a connecting pipe. The vacuum generator 75 is mounted on the support rod 71. Under the action of the vacuum generator 75, the negative pressure chamber 73 generates a negative pressure state. The negative pressure port 74 at the bottom of the support seat 72 applies negative pressure to the positioning device on the skin, thereby ensuring stable and reliable support for the positioning device. The support rod 71, through the cooperation of the connecting seat 711 and the fixing bolt 712, can move and adjust the position of the support mechanism 7 on the positioning main support body 11 according to the length of the surgical incision.

[0043] Specifically, the support rod 71 is a telescopic rod, which can adjust the support height of the positioning main support body 11. The bottom of the support seat 72 on the outer edge of the negative pressure port 74 is embedded with a bonding strip 76. The bonding strip 76 is arranged in a circular structure, and the bonding strip 76 allows the support seat 72 to contact and adhere to the skin when it is not in a vacuum adsorption state.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for positioning skin incisions in orthopedic surgery, comprising a lower positioning support frame (1), characterized in that: The lower positioning support frame (1) is composed of a positioning main support body (11) and an end plate (12). The positioning main support body (11) is provided with end plates (12) at both opposite ends. The positioning main support body (11) is provided with connecting brackets (2) at both opposite ends. The positioning main support body (11) is provided with a sliding guide shaft (3) through the connecting bracket (2) above. There are two connecting brackets (2). A skin incision knife (5) is slidably provided on the sliding guide shaft (3) between the two connecting brackets (2) through a fixing mechanism (4). The sliding guide shaft (3) on both sides of the fixing mechanism (4) is provided with a limiting mechanism (31). The skin incision knife (5) is provided with an adjustable flattening mechanism (6). The bottom of the positioning main support body (11) on the side away from the two connecting brackets (2) is provided with a support mechanism (7). The positioning main support (11) is made of a watch chain or track composed of several granules connected by a structure. The sliding guide shaft (3) is made of titanium alloy memory tapered steel wire. The sliding guide shaft (3) and the positioning main support (11) maintain synchronous deformation.

2. The device for locating skin incisions in orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skin incision knife (5) includes a knife body (51), a connecting knife bar (52), a knife handle (53), a cutting edge (54), and a skin inner surface fixing block (55). The top of the knife body (51) is connected to the knife handle (53) through the connecting knife bar (52). The connecting knife bar (52) and the sliding guide shaft (3) are connected through a fixing mechanism (4). A cutting edge (54) is provided on one side of the knife body (51). A skin inner surface fixing block (55) is provided on the knife body (51) at the lower end of the cutting edge (54). A flattening mechanism (6) is provided on the knife body (51).

3. The device for locating skin incisions in orthopedic surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (4) includes a circular fixing sleeve (41) and a fixing clamp (42). The connecting rod (52) adopts a round rod structure. The circular fixing sleeve (41) is fitted on the connecting rod (52). The circular fixing sleeve (41) is fitted with a fixing clamp (42) on one side near the sliding guide shaft (3) by a movable screw. The other side of the circular fixing sleeve (41) is fitted with a locking bolt (411). The circular fixing sleeve (41) is locked to the connecting rod (52) by the locking bolt (411). The fixing clamp (42) is semi-circular. The radius of the fixing clamp (42) corresponds to the radius of the sliding guide shaft (3). The fixing clamp (42) is inserted into the sliding guide shaft (3). The fixing clamp (42) and the circular fixing sleeve (41) are connected at 90°.

4. A device for locating skin incisions in orthopedic surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flattening mechanism (6) includes a flat plate (61), an adjusting slide hole (62), a slider (63), a locking screw hole (64), and an adjusting bolt (65). One end of the flat plate (61) is provided with an adjusting slide hole (62). The blade (51) passes through the flat plate (61) through the adjusting slide hole (62). The side of the flat plate (61) away from the blade surface (54) is provided with a locking screw hole (64). The internal thread of the locking screw hole (64) is provided with an adjusting bolt (65). The flat plate (61) and the blade (51) are locked and fixed together by the adjusting bolt (65).

5. A device for locating skin incisions in orthopedic surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blade body (51) has a groove on the side away from the blade surface (54). The sliding plate (61) inside the adjusting sliding hole (62) near the groove has a slider (63). The slider (63) is slidably disposed inside the groove. The locking screw hole (64) passes through the slider (63).

6. A device for locating skin incisions in orthopedic surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure plate (61) is inclined on the side away from the blade (51), and the lower end of the inclined surface of the pressure plate (61) is provided with an arc surface (611). The top of the inclined surface of the pressure plate (61) is integrally provided with a flattening protrusion (612).

7. A device for locating skin incisions in orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (31) includes a limiting block (311) and a limiting bolt (312). The limiting block (311) is slidably sleeved on the sliding guide shaft (3) on both sides of the fixing mechanism (4). The top of the limiting block (311) is provided with a limiting bolt (312). The limiting block (311) is fixed to the sliding guide shaft (3) by the limiting bolt (312).

8. A device for locating skin incisions in orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support mechanism (7) includes a support rod (71), a support seat (72), a negative pressure chamber (73), a negative pressure port (74), and a vacuum generator (75). The top of the support rod (71) is provided with a connecting seat (711), which is U-shaped. A fixing bolt (712) is provided on one side of the connecting seat (711). The lower end of the positioning main support body (11) is located inside the connecting seat (711), and the connecting seat (711) is secured by the fixing bolt (712). 12) Fixed to the positioning main support body (11), the bottom of the support rod (71) is provided with a support seat (72), the lower end of the support seat (72) is provided with a negative pressure chamber (73), the support seat (72) at the bottom of the negative pressure chamber (73) is provided with several negative pressure ports (74), the negative pressure ports (74) are connected to the negative pressure chamber (73), the negative pressure chamber (73) is connected to the input end of the vacuum generator (75) through a connecting pipe, and the vacuum generator (75) is located on the support rod (71).

9. A device for locating skin incisions in orthopedic surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support rod (71) is a telescopic rod, and the bottom of the support seat (72) on the outer edge of the negative pressure port (74) is embedded with a fitting strip (76), which is arranged in a circular structure.

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