Intelligent correction evaluation system and method for scoliosis

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of correction intelligent control, and discloses an intelligent correction evaluation system and method for scoliosis, based on an intelligent multi-module sensor, a scoliosis intelligent correction system is built; based on a human body three-dimensional surface topography measurement technology, establishing an intelligent scoliosis evaluation system; based on an intelligent multi-module sensor and wearable ultrasonic image equipment, internal forms and activity characteristics of spine related muscles during spine correction are evaluated; and comprehensively analyzing a scoliosis correction mechanism by combining a scoliosis correction strategy, a scoliosis correction effect and related muscle activity characteristics of the spine, and determining an optimal biomechanical correction strategy. The external force is applied to the spine to control spine deformity, correction effects generated by different correction strategies are disclosed by analyzing a scoliosis correction mechanism, the conservative treatment effect of a scoliosis patient can be improved, and the device has great significance in improving the life quality of the patient, reducing the family economic burden and relieving the pressure of a medical system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intelligent control technology for spinal correction, and particularly relates to an intelligent correction assessment system and method for scoliosis. This invention can also be applied to the model-taking stage of orthotic fabrication, providing a digital model basis for creating personalized and precise spinal orthotics by recording the spatial parameters of the pressure pad and the body surface contour under optimal correction conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Current techniques for the correction and assessment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) still suffer from systemic deficiencies, hindering the development of conservative treatment towards precision, intelligence, and three-dimensionality. Firstly, regarding the analysis and optimization of correction strategies, while the finite element method can simulate the spinal biomechanical response under external forces, the models typically highly simplify the vertebral bodies, intervertebral discs, and soft tissues, and material parameters are often derived from adult cadaver experiments, making it difficult to accurately reflect the biomechanical characteristics of the adolescent spine in vivo. Furthermore, its modeling and calculation processes are complex and time-consuming, making it difficult to provide actionable guidance for individual patients within the timescale required for clinical decision-making, limiting its application primarily to theoretical research.

[0003] Secondly, in terms of spinal morphological assessment, traditional imaging methods each have obvious limitations. X-rays and CT scans pose a risk of ionizing radiation and are not suitable for adolescents who require long-term, repeated follow-ups; MRI, although radiation-free, is expensive and time-consuming, and CT and MRI images are mostly acquired in the supine position, which cannot reflect the true state of spinal deformity when standing or under gravity load, thus affecting the scientific validity of the correction strategy.

[0004] Furthermore, in terms of real-time assessment and intelligence, although the emerging ultrasound spinal assessment technology has the advantage of being radiation-free, its scanning, identification and measurement processes are highly dependent on manual operation. Significant differences in operator experience lead to insufficient consistency and repeatability of results. An automated and intelligent closed-loop assessment system has not yet been formed, making it difficult to achieve real-time feedback and precise control during the correction process.

[0005] Furthermore, in terms of muscle function and comprehensive monitoring, current technologies generally overlook the importance of the "bone-muscle" coupling mechanism in scoliosis. Although existing studies have suggested that abnormalities in the structure and activity of the paraspinal muscles are closely related to the progression of scoliosis, there is currently a lack of multimodal wearable devices that can simultaneously monitor changes in the morphology of deep paraspinal muscles and functional signals such as electromyography and muscle movement while applying corrective forces, resulting in a lack of complete physiological basis for corrective strategies.

[0006] Finally, regarding the integration of clinical procedures, there is a significant data gap between diagnostic assessment and orthotic device manufacturing. The corrective effects and biomechanical information obtained during the assessment phase are difficult to quantify and directly translate into personalized design parameters for orthotics. Orthotic device manufacturing still heavily relies on experience-based prototyping, limiting further improvements in the overall efficacy of conservative treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the systemic shortcomings of existing technologies, such as reliance on human experience, disconnect between assessment and correction, and lack of muscle function monitoring, this invention provides a data-driven, closed-loop feedback integrated intelligent correction and assessment system and method for scoliosis. The core inventive concept is to construct a closed-loop control system with real-time ultrasound spinal morphology assessment as the feedback signal. During precise and programmable mechanical correction, multimodal muscle function data is simultaneously collected, and the validated optimal corrective mechanical parameters are ultimately correlated with the patient's three-dimensional trunk morphology data, directly guiding the digital design and manufacturing of personalized orthotics. Specific inventive points include: 1) Automated, repeatable, and precise application of correction strategies is achieved through programmable controlled electric push rods and pressure pads, overcoming the limitations of traditional reliance on the orthotist's personal experience; 2) By integrating sEMG (surface electromyography) and an ultrasound scoliosis assessment system, the system simultaneously monitors spinal morphological changes and the morphology, electrophysiology, and mechanical activity of deep muscles during the correction process for the first time, providing unprecedented multidimensional data support for revealing the correction mechanism and optimization strategies.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide a digital orthodontic modeling method based on the aforementioned intelligent orthodontic assessment system, in order to solve the problems of traditional plaster modeling techniques being subjective, inaccurate, and unable to correlate orthodontic effects in real time.

[0009] This invention is implemented as follows: a scoliosis intelligent correction and assessment system, comprising: The intelligent correction subsystem includes: Multiple pressure pads are used to apply corrective pressure to the patient's body surface. Each pressure pad has a built-in pressure sensor and position sensor to detect the applied pressure and the position of action. Pelvic stabilization device, used to stabilize the patient's pelvis; A chair, used to support the patient in a semi-sitting position; A smart control arm connects to and drives the pressure pad to adjust its spatial position; The intelligent evaluation subsystem includes: The ultrasound spine assessment module is used to perform real-time ultrasound scans of the patient's spine to assess the correction of spinal deformities. The intelligent correction subsystem is communicatively connected to the intelligent assessment subsystem, enabling the intelligent control arm to dynamically adjust the spatial position and / or applied pressure of the pressure pad based on the real-time feedback from the ultrasonic spine assessment module.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure pad is equipped with an automatic pressure adjustment device and an inertial measurement unit. The automatic pressure adjustment device, used to detect and adjust the pressure level of the pressure pad, includes an airbag, an electronic pump, a miniature pneumatic solenoid valve, a piezoresistive silicone pressure sensor for detecting airbag pressure, an electronic microcontroller, Bluetooth connectivity, and a storage chip. The commonly used clinical pressure value is 60-80 mmHg, and the pressure data is transmitted to a computer via Bluetooth. The inertial measurement unit, used for positioning the pressure pad, includes an accelerometer and a gyroscope. Based on a human coordinate system, with the vertical axis as the y-axis, the front-to-back direction as the z-axis, and the left-to-right direction as the x-axis, the three-dimensional coordinates of the pelvis are (0,0,0), and the three-dimensional coordinates of each pressure pad can be determined accordingly. The pressure pad is connected to an intelligent control arm, and its position is intelligently adjusted via program commands.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for intelligent correction assessment of scoliosis using the aforementioned intelligent scoliosis correction assessment system, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Build an intelligent scoliosis correction system based on intelligent multi-module sensors; Step 2: Based on the three-dimensional surface topography measurement technology of the human body, establish an intelligent assessment system for scoliosis. Step 3: Based on intelligent multi-module sensors and wearable ultrasound imaging devices (patch ultrasound), monitor and evaluate the internal morphological structure and activity characteristics of spinal-related muscles in real time during spinal training and correction. Step four: Combining scoliosis correction strategies with spinal correction effects and characteristics of spinal muscle activity, comprehensively analyze the scoliosis correction mechanism to determine the optimal biomechanical correction strategy.

[0012] Furthermore, the intelligent scoliosis correction system in step one applies corrective force to the patient's body through pressure pads, thereby achieving spinal correction. Based on the biomechanical principle of "three-point" force, different correction strategies are designed for unilateral and bilateral scoliosis, and the position of each pressure pad acting on the patient's body surface is controlled by program commands to generate the preset correction strategy.

[0013] Furthermore, in step two, the intelligent scoliosis assessment system obtains a three-dimensional topographic map of the back by projecting a preset coded color pattern onto the patient's back; the pattern consists of 90 vertical parallel lines in red, green and blue, forming a sequence of six continuous and non-repeating lines.

[0014] Furthermore, step three, which involves evaluating the internal morphology and activity characteristics of spinal-related muscles during spinal correction using intelligent multi-module sensors and wearable ultrasound imaging devices, includes: During spinal correction, data on the internal morphology and activity of the paraspinal muscles were acquired using a multi-module sensor and wearable ultrasound imaging device. The internal morphology and activity characteristics of the paraspinal muscles were compared under different correction strategies to analyze the impact of correction strategies on the internal morphology and activity of the paraspinal muscles.

[0015] The wearable ultrasound imaging device consists of the following units: two ultrasound probes, two pairs of sEMG (surface electromyography) electrodes, a wireless Wi-Fi transmission module, and two rechargeable lithium batteries. The ultrasound probes and sensors are wirelessly connected to a computer to provide real-time muscle ultrasound images, muscle activity electrical signals, and three-dimensional images of the spine. The frame rate of the ultrasound images is 10Hz, and the sampling frequency of the other sensors is 5kHz. Multiple sensors are synchronized by a system clock from a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and a high-performance FPGA controls the data acquisition, conversion, and transmission of all channels and ultrasound images.

[0016] During the assessment, an ultrasound probe and a pair of EMG electrodes were placed on the muscle belly of the paraspinal muscles on both sides of the scoliosis to measure the morphology and contraction pattern, electrophysiological activity, and transient muscle contraction changes of the paraspinal muscles before, during, and after spinal correction.

[0017] Data processing and analysis were performed using Matlab. In each frame of ultrasound image, muscle boundaries could be represented by manually drawn lines or by automatically tracing two lines using image processing software. EMG data were filtered using a fourth-order Butterworth bandpass filter from 10 to 500 Hz. The average amplitude of the sEMG (surface electromyography) signal was obtained by averaging the root mean square RMS. The symmetry of paraspinal muscle activity on both sides of the spine was described by the RMS / sEMG ratio. When the RMS / sEMG ratio was equal to 1, the paraspinal muscle activity on both sides of the spine was symmetrical; when it was less than 1, the paraspinal muscles on the concave side of the spine were stronger than those on the convex side; when it was greater than 1, the paraspinal muscles on the concave side of the spine were weaker than those on the convex side.

[0018] RMS sEMG (surface electromyography) ratio = convex side RMS sEMG (surface electromyography) / concave side RMS sEMG (surface electromyography).

[0019] Furthermore, in step four, the combination of scoliosis correction strategies, spinal correction effects, and spinal muscle activity characteristics to comprehensively analyze the scoliosis correction mechanism and determine the optimal biomechanical correction strategy includes: By linking the corrective effect of spinal bony structures, muscle activity data, and corrective strategies, we can compare the differences in corrective effects under different corrective strategies, analyze the influence of corrective strategies on muscle morphology and activity, and the influence of muscle morphology and activity on corrective effects, and determine the optimal corrective strategy for different types of scoliosis.

[0020] Based on the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solution to be protected by this invention are as follows: Based on common problems in this field and social needs, this invention is the first to develop an intelligent scoliosis correction and assessment system, explore the biomechanical correction mechanism of scoliosis, promote the optimization of correction strategies, improve the efficacy of scoliosis treatment, reduce the surgical treatment rate, improve the quality of life of patients, and reduce the economic burden on patients' families. It has broad market application prospects, social benefits, and economic benefits.

[0021] This invention aims to build a scoliosis correction and assessment system based on intelligent multi-module sensors and ultrasound imaging technology, and to analyze the correction mechanism of adolescent scoliosis. Specific objectives are as follows: 1) To build an intelligent scoliosis correction system based on multi-module sensors, and to propose different biomechanical correction strategies for unilateral and bilateral scoliosis; 2) To integrate intelligent multi-module sensors and a wearable ultrasound imaging system to detect and analyze the internal morphology and activity characteristics of the paraspinal muscles during scoliosis correction; 3) To elucidate the scoliosis correction mechanism by combining correction strategies, spinal correction effects, and data on the internal morphology and activity of muscles, and to propose optimal correction strategies for different types of scoliosis, providing rehabilitation treatment suggestions for clinical practice.

[0022] This invention is the first to build a scoliosis correction mechanism analysis system based on intelligent multi-module sensors. It uses three-dimensional morphological measurement technology, sEMG (surface electromyography), and ultrasound imaging technology to comprehensively evaluate the three-dimensional changes of the spine and back, as well as the internal morphology and activity characteristics of spine-related muscles under different spinal correction strategies. It analyzes the relationship between correction strategies, the correction effect of the spine and back, and the internal morphology and activity characteristics of spine-related muscles, which helps to reveal the biomechanical correction mechanism of scoliosis and provides an objective theoretical basis for optimizing the correction effect.

[0023] 1. It has achieved a leap in "digitalization and intelligence" in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment, improving the overall accuracy.

[0024] This invention is the first to realize a clinical diagnosis and treatment platform that integrates automated corrective force application, radiation-free real-time three-dimensional morphological assessment, ultrasound three-dimensional spinal assessment, and multimodal muscle function monitoring. It achieves the programming and quantification of the force application process through electric actuators and sensors, and the objectification and visualization of the assessment through structured light and ultrasound technology. This completely changes the traditional "blind operation" mode that relies on the orthodontist's touch and experience, elevating scoliosis correction from a "craft" to a "precision science."

[0025] 2. A complete data closed loop of "assessment-correction-optimization-manufacturing" has been constructed, breaking down barriers in the clinical process.

[0026] The core advantage of this solution lies in the continuity and closed-loop nature of its data. The system not only displays the corrective effect on the screen but also directly correlates the validated optimal corrective parameters (3D coordinates of the pressure pad, pressure value, and orientation) with the simultaneously acquired 3D scan model of the torso. This provides a unique and precise data source for subsequent CAD / CAM design and 3D printing of orthotics, achieving seamless end-to-end digital integration from clinical diagnosis to personalized orthotics manufacturing, and resolving the core pain point of "disconnect between assessment and treatment" in traditional processes.

[0027] 3. It has pioneered a new paradigm of "bone-muscle" combined treatment for correction, providing a new path for improving efficacy.

[0028] This invention, for the first time, simultaneously monitors the morphology and functional activity of deep paraspinal muscles during the correction process (using sEMG (surface electromyography), MMG, and wearable ultrasound), filling a gap in research and clinical monitoring in this field. This allows clinicians not only to optimize biomechanical strategies targeting the skeleton but also to assess and avoid abnormal muscle compensation, promoting the rebalancing of muscle function. It provides the possibility for achieving deeper, more physiological comprehensive correction of the "bone-muscle" system, and is expected to significantly improve the stability of the correction effect and patient comfort.

[0029] 4. It possesses significant clinical applicability and socio-economic benefits.

[0030] As an integrated device, this invention features standardized operating procedures, effectively reducing reliance on the individual experience of highly skilled orthodontists and contributing to improved treatment levels in primary hospitals, thus possessing significant promotional value. Its radiation-free, highly efficient, and precise characteristics reduce patient follow-up visits and radiation exposure, improving treatment adherence. Ultimately, by increasing the success rate of conservative treatment, it effectively halts scoliosis progression, reduces the surgical rate, and significantly alleviates the economic burden on patients' families and the pressure on healthcare resources across society, resulting in substantial social and economic benefits.

[0031] From the perspective of expected returns and commercial value, this invention constructs an integrated digital medical platform covering "assessment—correction—molding—manufacturing," with a clear commercialization path and strong replicability. It directly targets the conservative treatment market for scoliosis, serving core scenarios such as hospital rehabilitation departments, orthopedics departments, and prosthetic and orthotic centers, precisely meeting the urgent clinical need for personalized, quantifiable correction solutions. In terms of business model, this solution can be sold as a whole, including the hardware and software system, or the core assessment software and algorithms can be licensed independently as SaaS, further extending to personalized orthotic design and manufacturing services based on real correction data, forming a closed-loop ecosystem. Simultaneously, this solution highly synergizes with key national development directions such as intelligent medical devices, rehabilitation engineering, 3D printing, and CAD / CAM, serving as a key digital interface to empower the upgrading of the traditional orthotic industry, exhibiting significant industrial synergy and amplification effects.

[0032] At the technical level, this invention fills several industry gaps. For the first time, it achieves simultaneous, real-time, and multi-dimensional monitoring of "mechanical application—morphological change—muscle response" during the correction process in a single system, overcoming the limitations of existing technologies that operate in isolation. For the first time, it organically unifies the biomechanical assessment of the correction effect with the physical modeling process, completing the scan under optimal correction conditions and filling a crucial data link between clinical assessment and precision manufacturing. Simultaneously, for the first time, it combines electromyography and wearable ultrasound for deep paraspinal muscle monitoring during the correction process, providing a novel technical means to reveal the deep biomechanical mechanisms of correction.

[0033] This invention successfully solves a key problem that has long plagued the field. On the one hand, by using real-time imaging and closed-loop force feedback, the biomechanical design of orthotics is transformed from an experience-driven "black box" into a data-driven, verifiable process. On the other hand, by taking the shape under the optimal correction state through dynamic verification, the final orthotics combines form and function, fundamentally overcoming the problem of the disconnect between the two.

[0034] This invention overcomes the technical biases of "spinal deformities are difficult to automate" and "muscle function is secondary and difficult to monitor," proving that an intelligent system integrating industrial automation, multiple sensors, and medical imaging is not only feasible, but also superior to traditional solutions in terms of corrective effect and mechanism understanding, thus fully demonstrating its outstanding substantive features and significant progress. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1This is a structural block diagram of the intelligent scoliosis correction and assessment system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the intelligent scoliosis correction assessment method provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the overall technical roadmap provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic pressure regulating device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the unilateral and bilateral scoliosis correction strategies provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the back marking points provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an integrated diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which integrates automated mechanical correction, real-time ultrasound assessment, and real-time feedback of multimodal muscle function. Figure 8 This is a precise control diagram of the corrective force direction provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an optimized real-time ultrasound feedback diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10-11 These are the research and application diagrams provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a scanning method diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1~2, left and right shoulders; 3~4, left and right armpits; 5~6, left and right waistlines; 7, T5 level between the scapulae; 8, L3 level of the lumbar region; 9, gluteal cleft; 10, C7 level of the neck; 11~12, the most prominent points of the left and right scapulae; 13~14, the most concave points of the left and right lumbar regions; 15~16, the most prominent points of the left and right buttocks; PC = PC angle 1 + PC angle 2 + PC angle 3. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0038] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent correction assessment system and method for scoliosis. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent scoliosis correction assessment system provided in this embodiment of the invention is characterized by comprising: The intelligent correction subsystem includes: Multiple pressure pads are used to apply corrective pressure to the patient's body surface. Each pressure pad has a built-in pressure sensor and position sensor to detect the applied pressure and the position of action. Pelvic stabilization device, used to stabilize the patient's pelvis; A chair, used to support the patient in a semi-sitting position; A smart control arm connects to and drives the pressure pad to adjust its spatial position; The intelligent evaluation subsystem includes: The ultrasound spine assessment module is used to perform real-time ultrasound scans of the patient's spine to assess the correction of spinal deformities. The intelligent correction subsystem is communicatively connected to the intelligent assessment subsystem, enabling the intelligent control arm to dynamically adjust the spatial position and / or applied pressure of the pressure pad based on the real-time feedback from the ultrasonic spine assessment module.

[0040] The pressure pad provided in this embodiment of the invention is equipped with an automatic pressure adjustment device and an inertial measurement device. The automatic pressure adjustment device, used to detect and adjust the pressure level of the pressure pad, includes an air bladder, an electronic pump, a miniature pneumatic solenoid valve, a piezoresistive silicone pressure sensor for detecting the air bladder pressure, an electronic microcontroller, Bluetooth, and a storage chip. The commonly used clinical pressure value is 60-80 mmHg, and the pressure data is transmitted to a computer via Bluetooth. The inertial measurement device, used to position the pressure pad, includes an accelerometer and a gyroscope. Based on a human coordinate system, with the vertical axis as the y-axis, the front-back direction as the z-axis, and the left-right direction as the x-axis, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the pelvis as (0,0,0), the three-dimensional coordinates of each pressure pad can be determined accordingly. The pressure pad is connected to an intelligent control arm, and its position is intelligently adjusted via program commands.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the intelligent scoliosis correction assessment method provided in this embodiment of the invention includes the following steps: S101, applying corrective force to the target force application area of ​​the patient's torso through multiple pressure pads of the intelligent correction subsystem; S102, The morphological data of the spine is acquired in real time through the ultrasound spine assessment module of the intelligent assessment subsystem; S103, based on the real-time acquired spinal morphology data, dynamically adjust the spatial position of each pressure pad and / or the magnitude of the applied pressure through the intelligent control arm; S104, based on one or more preset evaluation indicators, determines the correction strategy to achieve the best correction state of the spinal shape, and records the spatial position and pressure parameters of each pressure pad at this time.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method for designing different correction strategies for unilateral and bilateral scoliosis based on the biomechanical principle of "three-point" force, and using program commands to control the position of each pressure pad acting on the patient's body surface to generate a preset correction strategy.

[0043] The scoliosis intelligent assessment system provided in this embodiment of the invention obtains a three-dimensional topographic map of the back by projecting a preset coded color pattern onto the patient's back; the pattern consists of 90 vertical parallel lines of three colors: red, green and blue, forming a sequence of six continuous and non-repeating lines; Based on the 3D topographic map of the patient's back, the following indices are calculated to quantify the asymmetry of the patient's back: (1) Posterior Trunk Symmetry Index (POTSI) = Height Asymmetry Index + Horizontal Asymmetry Index; POTSI is standardized by dividing it by the vertical distance from C7 to the gluteal cleft, and is used to reflect the asymmetry of the patient's back in the coronal plane; wherein, the height asymmetry index = shoulder height difference + axillary height difference + waistline height difference, and the horizontal asymmetry index = horizontal distance from the gluteal cleft to C7 + difference in horizontal distance from the gluteal cleft to the left and right axillary fossae + difference in horizontal distance from the gluteal cleft to the left and right waistlines; (2) Horizontal Deformation Index DHOPI = (depth of the symmetrical point on the line connecting the most prominent points of the two scapulae - depth of the symmetrical point on the line connecting the most concave points of the two waists) * 100 / C7 vertical distance to the gluteal cleft; DHOPI is used to describe the asymmetry of the back on the horizontal plane. (3) Back columnar section PC = the angle between the line connecting the C7 level of the neck to the T5 level between the scapula and the vertical line + the angle between the line connecting the T5 level between the scapula and the L3 level of the lumbar region and the vertical line + the angle between the line connecting the L3 level of the lumbar region to the gluteal cleft and the vertical line; PC describes the asymmetry of the back in the sagittal plane.

[0044] The embodiments of this invention provide an assessment of the internal morphology and activity characteristics of spinal-related muscles during spinal correction based on intelligent multi-module sensors and wearable ultrasound imaging devices, including: During spinal correction, data on the internal morphology and activity of the paraspinal muscles were collected using a multi-module sensor and wearable ultrasound imaging device. The internal morphology and activity characteristics of the paraspinal muscles were compared under different correction strategies, and the influence of correction strategies on the internal morphology and activity of the paraspinal muscles was analyzed. The wearable ultrasound imaging device consists of the following units: two ultrasound probes, two pairs of sEMG (surface electromyography) electrodes, two MMG sensors, a wireless Wi-Fi transmission module, and two rechargeable lithium batteries. The ultrasound probes and sensors are wirelessly connected to a computer to provide real-time muscle ultrasound images, muscle activity, and kinesiography. The frame rate of the ultrasound images is 10Hz, and the sampling frequency of the other sensors is 5kHz. Multiple sensors are synchronized by a system clock from a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and a high-performance FPGA controls the data acquisition, conversion, and transmission of all channels and ultrasound images. During the assessment, an ultrasound probe, a pair of EMG electrodes, and an MMG sensor were placed on the muscle bellies of the paraspinal muscles on both sides of the scoliosis to measure the morphology and contraction patterns, electrophysiological activity, and transient muscle contraction changes of the paraspinal muscles before, during, and after spinal correction. Data processing and analysis were performed using Matlab. In each frame of ultrasound image, the muscle boundary was represented by two lines labeled by the software. MMG and EMG data were filtered using fourth-order Butterworth bandpass filters of 5~50Hz and 10~500Hz, respectively. The average amplitude of the sEMG (surface electromyography) signal was obtained by averaging the root mean square RMS. The symmetry of paraspinal muscle activity on both sides of the spine was described by the RMS / sEMG ratio. When the RMS / sEMG ratio was equal to 1, the paraspinal muscle activity on both sides of the spine was symmetrical. When it was less than 1, the paraspinal muscles on the concave side of the spine were stronger than those on the convex side. When it was greater than 1, the paraspinal muscles on the concave side of the spine were weaker than those on the convex side. RMS sEMG (surface electromyography) ratio = convex side RMS sEMG (surface electromyography) / concave side RMS sEMG (surface electromyography).

[0045] The embodiments of this invention combine scoliosis correction strategies with spinal correction effects and spinal muscle activity characteristics, comprehensively analyze the scoliosis correction mechanism, and determine the optimal biomechanical correction strategy, including: By linking correction effects, muscle activity data, and correction strategies, we can compare the differences in correction effects under different correction strategies, analyze the impact of correction strategies on muscle morphology and activity, and the impact of muscle morphology and activity on correction effects, and determine the best correction strategy for different types of scoliosis.

[0046] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, the computer device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the steps of the intelligent correction assessment method for scoliosis.

[0047] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the intelligent scoliosis correction assessment method.

[0048] This invention provides an information data processing terminal, which is used to implement the intelligent scoliosis correction and assessment system.

[0049] This invention provides a method for digitally taking the shape of an orthosis based on the intelligent scoliosis correction assessment system, comprising the following steps: Identify one or more target force application areas on the patient's torso; The scoliosis intelligent correction subsystem applies corrective force to the target area through the pressure pads, and evaluates the correction effect of the spinal deformity in real time through the scoliosis intelligent assessment subsystem. Based on the real-time evaluation results, the spatial position of each pressure pad and / or the magnitude of the applied pressure are dynamically adjusted in order to find and determine an optimal correction state. Record and save the final three-dimensional spatial coordinates, pressure values, and resultant force direction data of each pressure pad when it is in the optimal correction state; While maintaining the optimal correction state, a three-dimensional contour model of the patient's torso, including the pressure pad, is obtained by scanning with a three-dimensional human body scanning device. The output of the three-dimensional contour model of the torso and the associated pressure pad parameters are used to drive a 3D printer or CAD / CAM system to process and manufacture a personalized positive mold of the spinal orthotine or directly generate a digital model of the orthotine.

[0050] The final three-dimensional spatial coordinates, pressure values, and resultant force direction data of the pressure pad provided in this embodiment of the invention are embedded as feature parameters into the three-dimensional contour model of the torso to guide the CAD design of the orthotic pressure pad position.

[0051] The three-dimensional human body scanning device provided in this embodiment of the invention is a structured light scanner, a laser scanner, or a multi-view vision scanning system.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the intelligent scoliosis correction assessment method provided in this embodiment of the invention specifically includes the following steps: (1) Based on intelligent multi-module sensors, a scoliosis intelligent correction system was built.

[0053] The intelligent scoliosis correction system of this invention comprises four pressure pads and a pelvic stabilizing device. The system corrects the spine by applying corrective force to the patient's body through the pressure pads. Each pressure pad contains a pressure sensor and a position sensor, which respectively collect the pressure applied to the patient's body surface and the position of the pressure pads on the patient's body surface. In addition, a pelvic stabilizing device is included to stabilize the pelvis. Based on the biomechanical principle of "three-point" force, different correction strategies are designed for unilateral and bilateral scoliosis, and the preset correction strategies are generated by controlling the position of each pressure pad on the patient's body surface through programmed commands.

[0054] The intelligent scoliosis correction system of the present invention includes: four pressure pads (F1, F2, F3, F4) for applying corrective pressure to the patient's body surface; and a pair of pelvic stabilizing devices to stabilize the pelvis from both sides. The pressure pads are equipped with automatic pressure adjustment devices and inertial measurement devices.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the automatic pressure adjustment device is used to detect and adjust the pressure level of the pressure pads. It includes an airbag, an electronic pump (micro-motor), a micro-pneumatic solenoid valve (to control the airbag pressure), a piezoresistive silicone pressure sensor (to detect the airbag pressure value), an electronic microcontroller, Bluetooth, and a storage chip. The commonly used clinical pressure value is 60-80 mmHg. Pressure data is transmitted to a computer via Bluetooth. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) is used to position the pressure pads and includes an accelerometer and a gyroscope. Using the human coordinate system as a reference, with the vertical axis as the y-axis, the front-back direction as the z-axis, and the left-right direction as the x-axis, the three-dimensional coordinates of the pelvis are (0,0,0). The three-dimensional coordinates of pressure pads F1, F2, F3, and F4 are (x1,y1,z1), (x2,y2,z2), (x3,y3,z3), and (x4,y4,z4), respectively. Furthermore, the pressure pads are connected to an intelligent control arm, which intelligently adjusts the position of the pressure pads via program commands.

[0056] Based on the biomechanical principles of scoliosis correction, three pressure pads are used for unilateral scoliosis, and four pressure pads are used for bilateral scoliosis. The initial positions of the pressure pads are determined by the clinical orthodontist. Depending on how the position of each pressure pad is adjusted, the following biomechanical correction strategies for scoliosis can be developed: Figure 5 As shown.

[0057] (2) Based on intelligent multi-module sensors and wearable ultrasound imaging devices, evaluate the internal morphology and activity characteristics of spinal-related muscles during spinal correction.

[0058] During spinal correction, data on the internal morphology and activity of the paraspinal muscles are acquired using a multi-module sensor and wearable ultrasound imaging device. Comparing the internal morphology and activity characteristics of the paraspinal muscles under different correction strategies and analyzing the impact of these strategies on their internal morphology and activity will help elucidate the mechanism of scoliosis correction.

[0059] The device consists of the following units: two ultrasound probes (7.5MHz ± 35%), two pairs of sEMG (surface electromyography) electrodes (272-Bx, Noraxon USA Inc., Scottsdale, AZ, USA), two MMG sensors (N1000060, VTI Technologies Oy, Vantaa, Finland), a wireless Wi-Fi transmission module (802.11.n), and two rechargeable lithium batteries (SNP-4200, D.seven Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China). The ultrasound probes and sensors are wirelessly connected to a computer, providing real-time muscle ultrasound images, muscle activity, and kinematics. The ultrasound images are framed at 10Hz, and the other sensors are sampled at 5kHz. Multiple sensors are synchronized by a system clock from a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). A high-performance FPGA controls the data acquisition, conversion, and transmission of all channels and ultrasound images.

[0060] During the experiment, an ultrasound probe, a pair of EMG electrodes, and an MMG sensor were placed on the muscle bellies of the paraspinal muscles on both sides of the scoliosis to measure the morphology and contraction pattern, electrophysiological activity, and instantaneous muscle contraction changes of the paraspinal muscles during the spinal correction process (before correction, during correction, and after correction).

[0061] Data processing and analysis were performed using Matlab (version 2016b, The MathWorks Inc., Natick, MA, USA). In each frame of ultrasound image, muscle boundaries were represented by two lines calibrated by the software. MMG and EMG data were filtered using fourth-order Butterworth bandpass filters of 5–50 Hz and 10–500 Hz, respectively. The root mean square (RMS) was used to average the sEMG (surface electromyography) signals to obtain the average amplitude value of the electromyography signals. The RMS / sEMG ratio was used to describe the symmetry of paraspinal muscle activity on both sides of the spine. When the RMS / sEMG ratio was equal to 1, the paraspinal muscle activity on both sides of the spine was symmetrical; when it was less than 1, the paraspinal muscles on the concave side of the spine were stronger than those on the convex side; when it was greater than 1, the paraspinal muscles on the concave side of the spine were weaker than those on the convex side.

[0062] RMS sEMG (surface electromyography) ratio = RMS sEMG (convex side) / RMS sEMG (concave side).

[0063] (3) Combining scoliosis correction strategies with spinal correction effects and spinal-related muscle activity characteristics, we will comprehensively analyze the scoliosis correction mechanism, explore the best biomechanical correction strategy, and provide rehabilitation treatment suggestions for clinical practice.

[0064] By linking correction effects, muscle activity data, and correction strategies, we can compare the differences in correction effects under different correction strategies, analyze the impact of correction strategies on muscle morphology and activity, and the influence of muscle morphology and activity on correction effects, and explore the optimal correction strategies for different types of scoliosis.

[0065] (4) Specific implementation methods for digital prosthetic molding The intelligent scoliosis correction assessment system of this invention can not only be used for the research and evaluation of correction strategies, but also revolutionarily applied to the digital, personalized molding and manufacturing process of spinal orthotics. This method aims to precisely link "biomechanical correction effect" with "geometric morphological data," achieving a fundamental leap from "experience-based molding" that relies on the orthodontist's personal touch to "data-driven molding" based on objective data.

[0066] The specific model extraction process is as follows: S501: Patient Localization and System Preparation The patient is positioned in the system of this invention in a standing or specific posture. They are semi-sitting on a seat similar to a bicycle saddle, with their pelvis stabilized from both sides by a pelvic stabilization device to ensure stable and repeatable positioning during subsequent imaging.

[0067] S502: Initial placement of pressure pad Based on the type and degree of the patient's scoliosis (unilateral or bilateral), the clinical orthodontist initially determines the target area where corrective force needs to be applied. Subsequently, the intelligent control arm is operated to move the corresponding pressure pads (F1, F2, F3...) and gently apply them to the target force area on the patient's torso. The initial position of the pressure pads is set based on the orthodontist's experience, serving as the starting point for subsequent automated optimization.

[0068] S503: Real-time Ultrasonic Assessment and Dynamic Adjustment The ultrasonic scoliosis assessment system in the intelligent scoliosis assessment subsystem is activated to perform a real-time three-dimensional scan of the patient's spine and obtain initial spinal deformity data (such as Cobb angle, vertebral rotation, etc.).

[0069] Subsequently, the intelligent scoliosis correction subsystem is activated, and the preset initial pressure is applied to each pressure pad via program commands. During this process, the ultrasound assessment system continues to operate, monitoring and providing feedback on the correction of the spinal deformity in real time.

[0070] Based on real-time feedback from ultrasound images and data, orthodontists or system algorithms dynamically and interactively adjust the three-dimensional spatial position (X, Y, Z coordinates) of each pressure pad and the magnitude of the applied pressure. This is an iterative optimization process aimed at finding the force application scheme that achieves optimal correction of the spine in the coronal, sagittal, and horizontal planes.

[0071] S504: Lock and record optimal correction parameters Once real-time ultrasound assessment confirms that the spinal deformity has been corrected to a satisfactory and stable "optimal correction state," the system locks the parameters of all pressure pads. Subsequently, the system automatically records and saves the final three-dimensional spatial coordinates (xi, yi, zi), the applied pressure value (Fi), and the resultant force direction vector calculated through the center of force of each pressure pad at this moment. These parameters collectively define the biomechanical conditions for achieving the best corrective effect.

[0072] S505: Perform 3D contour scanning under optimal conditions While maintaining all pressure pads in the "optimal corrective state" defined in S504 without any change, the integrated or external 3D human body scanning device (such as a structured light scanner or laser scanner) is activated. This device performs a rapid, high-precision 3D scan of the patient's back and sides to obtain a complete 3D contour model of the patient's torso (i.e., a "digital positive model") that includes the shape of each pressure pad in the applied state. This step ensures that the scanned shape is formed under the action of optimal biomechanical corrective force.

[0073] S506: Data Fusion and Orthopedic Design The pressure pad parameters (position, pressure, orientation) recorded by S504 are fused with the 3D torso contour model acquired by S505. These parameters can be embedded into the 3D model as "smart tags" or "feature points".

[0074] During the computer-aided design (CAD) phase of the orthosis, designers can directly locate and design the position, shape, and angle of the pressure pads (or pressure zones) within the orthosis on the three-dimensional profile model of the torso, based on the spatial coordinates and orientation of the pressure pads recorded by the system. The magnitude of the pressure value can then guide the selection of the pressure pad's stiffness and structural design. In this way, the biomechanical design of the ultimately manufactured personalized spinal orthosis is no longer based on empirical estimations, but perfectly reproduces the optimal corrective force verified by real-time imaging in the system of this invention, thereby ensuring the orthosis's clinical efficacy.

[0075] Technical effect description: The core advantage of this imaging method lies in its establishment of a digital bridge from "functional correction" to "morphological imaging." Traditional plaster casting can only obtain a static, uncorrected or mildly corrected morphology, while this invention, through scanning under optimal correction, obtains a "functionally corrected morphology." Simultaneously, the recorded quantitative biomechanical parameters provide unprecedented precision guidance for the CAD design of orthotics, completely changing the traditional vague process that relies on the orthotist's subjective experience and intuition, significantly improving the accuracy, consistency, and clinical effectiveness of orthotics treatment.

[0076] (5) Key technologies and feasibility analysis: 1) From a research theory perspective, previous studies have confirmed that better clinical correction results can be obtained by building a correction system and adjusting the scoliosis correction strategy; the intelligent control technology of pressure pads in the correction system has been widely used in industries such as industry and medical devices, and has a mature theoretical and practical foundation; in the scoliosis effect evaluation system, human three-dimensional morphology measurement technology has been used many times to evaluate scoliosis patients; sEMG (surface electromyography), MMG and ultrasound imaging technology have been widely used to measure musculoskeletal morphology and activity.

[0077] 2) In terms of experimental technology, the hardware conditions are mature, and the Kunming Medical University, as well as the cooperating units, the School of Engineering of Hong Kong Polytechnic University and Yunnan Prosthetics and Orthotics Technology Center, can provide relevant technical services.

[0078] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the back marking points provided in an embodiment of the present invention; like Figure 7 The core of this invention lies in providing an integrated solution that combines automated biomechanical correction, real-time ultrasound assessment, and real-time multimodal muscle function feedback. Its key inventive points are: 1) Through programmable controlled electric push rods and pressure pads, it achieves automated, repeatable, and precise application of correction strategies, overcoming the limitations of traditional reliance on the orthodontist's personal experience; 2) By integrating sEMG (surface electromyography) and an ultrasound scoliosis assessment system, it is the first to simultaneously monitor spinal morphological changes and the morphology, electrophysiology, and biomechanical activity of deep muscles during the correction process, providing unprecedented multidimensional data support for revealing the correction mechanism and optimizing strategies.

[0079] Application Examples. To demonstrate the inventiveness and technical value of the technical solution of the present invention, this section provides application examples of the technical solution of the claims on specific products or related technologies.

[0080] To fully demonstrate the inventiveness and technical value of the present invention, two closely related but distinct application embodiments are provided below. Embodiment 1 embodies the core value of the present invention as a digital medical device, achieving innovation in orthotics manufacturing; Embodiment 2 embodies the extended value of the present invention as an intelligent rehabilitation platform, providing a novel means of enhancing conservative treatment.

[0081] Example 1: Digital Imaging of Personalized Orthotics Based on Real-Time Biomechanical Feedback (Core Application) 1. Application Objectives This is the core and most direct application of the invention. It aims to solve the fundamental deficiency of traditional plaster casting, which cannot verify and optimize the spinal correction effect during the casting process. By directly linking the mechanical parameters under the "optimal correction state" with morphological data, it provides a data foundation for manufacturing personalized orthotics that accurately reproduces the corrective force.

[0082] 2. Implementation Steps Initial positioning and assessment: The patient stands within the system with the pelvis stabilized. Initial back asymmetry indices (POTSI, DHOPI, PC) are first obtained through three-dimensional topographic scanning.

[0083] Interactive Correction and Verification: The orthodontist operates the intelligent control arm to place pressure pads (F1, F2, F3...) in the preset correction area. Once the system is activated, the key innovation lies in the orthodontist's ability to adjust the position and pressure of the pressure pads while simultaneously observing the dynamic changes in the Cobb angle and vertebral rotation through real-time ultrasound imaging of the spine. This is a "what you see is what you get" optimization process.

[0084] Locking in optimal parameters: When ultrasound images show that the spine has reached the optimal corrective posture in the three-dimensional plane, the system locks in and records the final three-dimensional coordinates, pressure values, and resultant force direction vectors of all pressure pads.

[0085] Functional morphological acquisition: Under the condition of maintaining the above "optimal correction state" unchanged, three-dimensional scanning is immediately started to acquire a digital model of the trunk functional correction morphology including the pressure pad.

[0086] Data-driven design: Recorded pressure pad parameters are embedded as "mechanical tags" into the 3D digital model. In orthotics CAD design, these parameters are used to precisely guide the design of the position, shape, and orientation of the pressure pads on the inner wall of the orthotics, ensuring that the manufactured orthotics accurately reproduces the best biomechanical effects validated in the system.

[0087] 3. Creativity This embodiment demonstrates that the present invention seamlessly integrates clinical assessment (function) and device manufacturing (morphology) in terms of data and processes, creating a novel, data-driven orthopedic prototyping paradigm that overcomes the long-standing technical bias of "disconnect between assessment and treatment" in the field.

[0088] Example 2: Personalized Rehabilitation Training for Scoliosis Based on Multimodal Biofeedback (Extended Application of Core Data Value) 1. Application Objectives As a deeper extension of the multimodal data value of this invention, it aims to solve the problems of lack of objective feedback and difficulty in quantifying and evaluating movement patterns in traditional rehabilitation training. By utilizing the system's real-time monitoring capabilities, the training process is upgraded from "blind exploration" to "goal-oriented precision activation".

[0089] 2. Implementation Steps Baseline establishment and goal setting: With the patient in a relaxed standing position, the system records the static baseline activity (electrical signal, vibration signal, muscle thickness) of the paraspinal muscles on both sides using sEMG (surface electromyography), MMG, and patch ultrasound. The therapist then sets training goals based on this, such as: increasing the sEMG activity (RMS value) of the convex side muscles to 150% of the baseline under specific corrective movements, while simultaneously relaxing the activity of the concave side muscles, with the RMS / sEMG ratio approaching 1.

[0090] Assisted active training: The patient attempts specific corrective posture training (such as "Adam flexion"). At this time, the system applies an auxiliary corrective force with a low pressure (such as 30-40 mmHg) to help the patient find the correct force application sensation.

[0091] Real-time biofeedback and guidance: This is the core of the training process. The system displays the processed multimodal data to the patient and therapist in real time in an intuitive visualization format (such as bar charts of muscle activity, symmetry index, and real-time ultrasound muscle images). Based on the on-screen feedback, the patient consciously adjusts their exertion, learning how to actively contract the muscles on the convex side and relax the muscles on the concave side to pursue the set target value.

[0092] Quantitative assessment and optimization of training effectiveness: The system comprehensively records all muscle data and spinal morphological changes during each training session. Based on this objective and quantifiable historical data, therapists can accurately assess the patient's training effectiveness and progress, and dynamically adjust the training plan for the next stage (such as adjusting the amount of pressure assistance or changing training movements), achieving truly personalized and adaptive rehabilitation.

[0093] 3. Creativity This embodiment demonstrates that the system of the present invention transcends the scope of static assessment and manufacturing assistance, becoming a dynamic, interactive rehabilitation training platform. By transforming invisible muscle activity into visible feedback signals, it solves the long-standing clinical problem of "how to effectively guide patients in precise neuromuscular control training," providing a revolutionary tool for the active correction of scoliosis.

[0094] Evidence of the effects of the embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention have achieved some positive effects during research and development or use, and indeed have significant advantages compared with existing technologies. The following description combines data, charts, etc., from the experimental process.

[0095] Figure 8 Evidence 1: This confirms that precise control of the corrective force direction has a decisive impact on the three-dimensional correction effect. Source literature: The inventors' team's published paper, Wu et al. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders (2024) 25:904. Key findings: This study divided the direction of the corrective force applied by the orthosis into four zones (Zone 1-4) within the cross-section. Results showed that: Applying corrective force in Zone 3 (45°–67.5°) effectively controls coronal scoliosis (significantly reduced Coronal-Cobb angle, p<0.001) without significantly reducing normal thoracic kyphosis or exacerbating spinal deviation from the sagittal plane (PMC-orientation showed no significant change).

[0096] In contrast, while the force applied in Zone 2 (22.5°–45°) could also correct scoliosis, it significantly reduced thoracic kyphosis (p<0.05) and caused the spine to deviate further from the sagittal plane (PMC-orientation significantly increased, p<0.05), producing adverse side effects.

[0097] Relevance to this invention: This research directly supports the inventiveness and necessity of the claim that "the position of each pressure pad acting on the patient's body surface is controlled by program commands to generate a preset correction strategy." It demonstrates that precise control of the corrective force direction is key to achieving ideal three-dimensional correction and avoiding "sacrificing sagittal plane morphology for coronal plane correction." The intelligent control system of this invention is designed precisely to achieve this accurate and repeatable force direction control.

[0098] Evidence 2: Confirms that optimizing the pressure pad position based on real-time ultrasound feedback can significantly improve correction efficiency. Figure 9The inventors' team has published a paper, Wang et al. Prosthetics and Orthotics International (2022) 46(1). Key findings: This pioneering clinical trial used a pneumatic orthopedic simulation system to compare the corrective effects of four different combinations of pressure pad positions on S-shaped scoliosis under real-time ultrasound monitoring.

[0099] The results showed that the scheme of placing the thoracic pressure pad 2 cm below the top vertebra and the lumbar pressure pad at the top vertebra of the lumbar spine (Test 2) achieved the highest correction rate of the thoracic spinous process angle (SPA), reaching 63.6%, and its overall correction rate (64.6%) was also significantly better than other schemes (p<0.01).

[0100] After applying this optimal approach to the creation of the Cenu brace in four patients, X-rays inside the brace showed that the immediate correction rates of the Cobb angles of the thoracic and lumbar curves reached 46.4% and 57.3%, respectively, with an overall correction rate of 51.8%, exceeding the 40%-50% effective standard required for brace treatment.

[0101] Effect Comparison and Invention Relevance: This verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the complete technical route of this invention, from "evaluation and optimization" to "precision manufacturing." This invention not only solves the problem of "how to find the best solution," but its recorded optimal parameters (pressure pad spatial coordinates) can also be directly used to guide the CAD design and manufacturing of orthotics, ensuring that the final treatment device can perfectly reproduce the best corrective effect verified in the system, thereby significantly improving the success rate of conservative treatment.

[0102] Evidence 3: The inventors' team has published literature that provides objective mechanical parameter guidance, overcoming the limitations and uncertainties of traditional experience.

[0103] Existing technical issues: Systematic reviews clearly state that "the application of control forces relies primarily on the orthodontist's subjective experience, and there are currently no clear recommendations or guidelines." This leads to significant differences and uncertainties in the applied force values ​​(strap tension and interface pressure) among different patients and orthodontists.

[0104] Solution of the present invention: The present invention, through the integration of pressure sensor and position sensor, can monitor and record in real time the spatial three-dimensional coordinates of each pressure pad, the applied pressure value (kPa) and the direction of the resultant force when the optimal correction state is achieved.

[0105] Evidence of effectiveness: Quantitative Force Reference: A systematic review, through a meta-analysis of historical literature, provides key baseline reference values ​​for this invention. The review indicates that the median chest pad pressure for effective correction is 8.75 kPa, the median lumbar pad pressure is 7.11 kPa, and the average band tension is 42.5 N. The applied pressure range (8-13 kPa) in the feasibility study of this invention closely matches these values, demonstrating that the system can operate within the accepted effective mechanical range.

[0106] Data-driven design: In the digital profiling of orthoses, the quantitative mechanical parameters recorded by the system can be directly embedded into the 3D model of the torso as "smart tags" to precisely guide the design of the position, shape, and orientation of the orthotic lining pressure pad during the CAD stage. This transforms the biomechanical design of orthoses from "empirical estimation" to "precise reproduction based on validation data," ensuring the consistency and repeatability of therapeutic effects.

[0107] Figures 10-11 Evidence 4: During the research and application of this invention, clinical data comparing it with existing advanced treatment methods (such as three-dimensional traction combined with a brace) demonstrated the system's significant advantages in optimizing spinal-muscular system function. Clinical studies showed that after adopting a combined treatment plan with precisely controlled corrective force, the activity intensity (root mean square value of sEMG) of the paraspinal muscles on the convex side during walking significantly increased from 25.49±8.82 mv to 44.40±23.56 mv (P<0.001), while the bilateral spinal muscle symmetry index (SI) at rest improved from 0.75±0.34 to 1.44±0.72 (P<0.001). This evidence indicates that by precisely controlling the corrective force and monitoring muscle status in real time, muscle function reconstruction and spinal symmetry improvement can be achieved simultaneously. The system of this invention, through a programmed electric push rod and a multimodal sensing system, can not only reproduce this therapeutic effect, but also solve the core problems of reliance on experience and the disconnect between assessment and treatment in traditional correction through a closed-loop design of real-time biofeedback and digital imaging, providing unprecedented precision and predictability of efficacy for scoliosis correction.

[0108] Figure 12 The scanning method involves adding a 3D depth camera to the support column of the frame, which can complete 3D spinal scanning and calculation of pre-correction pressure pads. It should be noted that embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both. The hardware portion can be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portion can be stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or dedicated-design hardware. Those skilled in the art will understand that the above-described devices and methods can be implemented using computer-executable instructions and / or included in processor control code, for example, such code provided on a carrier medium such as a disk, CD, or DVD-ROM, a programmable memory such as read-only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. The devices and modules of the present invention can be implemented by hardware circuitry such as very large-scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or programmable hardware devices such as field-programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., or by software executed by various types of processors, or by a combination of the above-described hardware circuitry and software, such as firmware.

[0109] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A scoliosis intelligent correction assessment system, characterized in that, include: 1) Intelligent correction subsystem for applying programmable corrective force to a target area of ​​the patient's trunk, comprising multiple pressure pads for applying pressure and an intelligent control arm for driving the pressure pads; Pelvic stabilization device, used to stabilize the patient's pelvis; A chair, used to support the patient in a semi-sitting position; A smart control arm connects to and drives the pressure pad to adjust its spatial position; 2) Intelligent assessment subsystem, used to assess the patient's spinal morphology in real time, including an ultrasound spinal assessment module; The intelligent assessment subsystem is communicatively connected to the intelligent correction subsystem and forms a closed-loop control circuit. The intelligent correction subsystem is configured to dynamically and automatically adjust the spatial position and / or applied pressure of each pressure pad based on the real-time spinal morphology assessment feedback provided by the intelligent assessment subsystem through the intelligent control arm.

2. The intelligent scoliosis correction and assessment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure pad is equipped with an automatic pressure adjustment device and an inertial measurement unit. The automatic pressure adjustment device, used to detect and adjust the pressure level of the pressure pad, includes an air bladder, an electronic pump, a miniature pneumatic solenoid valve, a piezoresistive silicone pressure sensor for detecting air bladder pressure, an electronic microcontroller, Bluetooth connectivity, and a storage chip. The commonly used clinical pressure value is 60-80 mmHg, and the pressure data is transmitted to a computer via Bluetooth. The inertial measurement unit, used to position the pressure pad, includes an accelerometer and a gyroscope. Based on a human coordinate system, with the y-axis as the vertical axis, the z-axis as the front-to-back direction, and the x-axis as the left-to-right direction, and the pelvic three-dimensional coordinates as (0,0,0), the three-dimensional coordinates of each pressure pad can be determined accordingly. The pressure pad is connected to an intelligent control arm, which intelligently adjusts the position of the pressure pad through program commands.

3. A method for intelligent correction and assessment of scoliosis based on the system described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Apply corrective force to the target force application area of ​​the patient's torso through multiple pressure pads of the intelligent correction subsystem; Step 2: Obtain morphological data of the spine in real time through the ultrasound spine assessment module of the intelligent assessment subsystem; Step 3: Based on the real-time acquired spinal morphology data, dynamically adjust the spatial position and / or the magnitude of the applied pressure of each pressure pad through the intelligent control arm; Step 4: Based on one or more preset evaluation indicators, determine the correction strategy to achieve the best correction state of the spinal shape, and record the spatial position and pressure parameters of each pressure pad at this time.

4. The intelligent scoliosis correction assessment method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the biomechanical principle of "three-point" force, different correction strategies are designed for unilateral and bilateral scoliosis. The positions of each pressure pad acting on the patient's body surface are controlled by program commands to generate the preset correction strategy.

5. The intelligent scoliosis correction assessment method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The intelligent scoliosis assessment system obtains a three-dimensional topographic map of the back by projecting a preset coded color pattern onto the patient's back; the pattern consists of 90 vertical parallel lines in red, green and blue, forming a sequence of six continuous and non-repeating lines. Based on the 3D topographic map of the patient's back, the following indices are calculated to quantify the asymmetry of the patient's back: (1) Posterior Trunk Symmetry Index (POTSI) = Height Asymmetry Index + Horizontal Asymmetry Index; POTSI is standardized by dividing it by the vertical distance from C7 to the gluteal cleft, and is used to reflect the asymmetry of the patient's back in the coronal plane; wherein, the height asymmetry index = shoulder height difference + axillary height difference + waistline height difference, and the horizontal asymmetry index = horizontal distance from the gluteal cleft to C7 + difference in horizontal distance from the gluteal cleft to the left and right axillary fossae + difference in horizontal distance from the gluteal cleft to the left and right waistlines; (2) Horizontal Deformation Index DHOPI = (depth of the symmetrical point on the line connecting the most prominent points of the two scapulae - depth of the symmetrical point on the line connecting the most concave points of the two waists) * 100 / C7 vertical distance to the gluteal cleft; DHOPI is used to describe the asymmetry of the back on the horizontal plane. (3) Back columnar section PC = the angle between the line connecting the C7 level of the neck to the T5 level between the scapula and the vertical line + the angle between the line connecting the T5 level between the scapula and the L3 level of the lumbar region and the vertical line + the angle between the line connecting the L3 level of the lumbar region to the gluteal cleft and the vertical line; PC describes the asymmetry of the back in the sagittal plane.

6. The intelligent scoliosis correction assessment method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Based on intelligent multi-module sensors and wearable ultrasound imaging devices, the internal morphology and activity characteristics of spinal-related muscles during spinal correction are assessed, including: During spinal correction, data on the internal morphology and activity of the paraspinal muscles were collected using a multi-module sensor and wearable ultrasound imaging device. The internal morphology and activity characteristics of the paraspinal muscles were compared under different correction strategies, and the influence of correction strategies on the internal morphology and activity of the paraspinal muscles was analyzed. The wearable ultrasound imaging device consists of the following units: two ultrasound probes, two pairs of sEMG electrodes, two MMG sensors, a wireless Wi-Fi transmission module, and two rechargeable lithium batteries. The ultrasound probes and sensors are wirelessly connected to a computer to provide real-time muscle ultrasound images, muscle activity, and motion graphics. The frame rate of the ultrasound images is 10Hz, and the sampling frequency of the other sensors is 5kHz. Multiple sensors are synchronized by a system clock from a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and a high-performance FPGA controls the data acquisition, conversion, and transmission of all channels and ultrasound images. During the assessment, an ultrasound probe, a pair of EMG electrodes, and an MMG sensor were placed on the muscle bellies of the paraspinal muscles on both sides of the scoliosis to measure the morphology and contraction patterns, electrophysiological activity, and transient muscle contraction changes of the paraspinal muscles before, during, and after spinal correction. Data processing and analysis were performed using Matlab. In each frame of ultrasound image, muscle boundaries were represented by two manually drawn lines. MMG and EMG data were filtered using fourth-order Butterworth bandpass filters of 5–50 Hz and 10–500 Hz, respectively. The average amplitude of the electromyographic signal was obtained by averaging the sEMG signal using root mean square (RMS). The symmetry of paraspinal muscle activity on both sides of the spine was described using the RMS / sEMG ratio. When the RMS / sEMG ratio equals 1, the paraspinal muscle activity on both sides of the spine is symmetrical; when it is less than 1, the paraspinal muscles on the concave side of the spine are stronger than those on the convex side; when it is greater than 1, the paraspinal muscles on the concave side of the spine are weaker than those on the convex side. RMS sEMG ratio = convex side RMS sEMG / concave side RMS sEMG.

7. The intelligent scoliosis correction assessment method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Combining scoliosis correction strategies with spinal correction effects and spinal muscle activity characteristics, a comprehensive analysis of the scoliosis correction mechanism was conducted to determine the optimal biomechanical correction strategies, including: By linking correction effects, muscle activity data, and correction strategies, we can compare the differences in correction effects under different correction strategies, analyze the impact of correction strategies on muscle morphology and activity, and the impact of muscle morphology and activity on correction effects, and determine the best correction strategy for different types of scoliosis.

8. A method for digitally taking the shape of an orthosis based on the intelligent scoliosis correction and assessment system according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Identify one or more target force application areas on the patient's torso; The scoliosis intelligent correction subsystem applies corrective force to the target force application area through the pressure pads, and evaluates the correction effect of spinal deformity in real time through the scoliosis intelligent assessment subsystem. Based on the real-time evaluation results, the spatial position of each pressure pad and / or the magnitude of the applied pressure are dynamically adjusted in order to find and determine an optimal correction state. Record and save the final three-dimensional spatial coordinates, pressure values, and resultant force direction data of each pressure pad when it is in the optimal correction state; While maintaining the optimal correction state, a three-dimensional contour model of the patient's torso, including the pressure pad, is obtained by scanning with a three-dimensional human body scanning device. The output of the three-dimensional contour model of the torso and the associated pressure pad parameters are used to drive a 3D printer or CAD / CAM system to process and manufacture a personalized spinal orthotic positive mold or directly generate a digital model of the orthosis.

9. The method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The final three-dimensional spatial coordinates, pressure values, and resultant force direction data of the pressure pad are embedded as feature parameters into the three-dimensional contour model of the torso to guide the CAD design of the orthotic pressure pad position.

10. The method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The three-dimensional human body scanning device is a structured light scanner, a laser scanner, or a multi-view vision scanning system.

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