A grinding process for bearing inner and outer race grooves

Abstract

The application discloses a grinding processing technology for bearing inner and outer sleeve grooves, and relates to the technical field of bearing grinding processing, which comprises workpiece clamping and positioning, parameter presetting and grinding starting, groove grinding, real-time detection and local grinding, and grinding processing finishing work; the bearing axis rotates simultaneously around the axis of the spherical grinding wheel, the spherical grinding wheel rotates synchronously, so that the second groove of the bearing inner sleeve is ground by the spherical grinding wheel, the bearing inner sleeves and the bearing outer sleeves of the same model can be installed at the clamps at the same position, the relative movement of the tooling platform and the clamp causes the bearing inner sleeve and the bearing outer sleeve to have a large position change, the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve clamped by the clamp rotate around the axis of the clamp, so that the outer wall of the bearing inner sleeve and the inner wall of the bearing outer sleeve always grind with the spherical grinding wheel, the back-and-forth rotation of the bearing and the cooperation of the grooves meet the processing requirements after the local grooves of the bearing are ground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing grinding technology, specifically a grinding process for inner and outer grooves of bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Bearing grinding is the core precision machining process in bearing manufacturing, which directly determines the dimensional accuracy, form and position tolerances, surface quality and service life of the bearing. The inner and outer rings of the bearing are the core structural components of the bearing. The inner and outer rings of the bearing are ground by a special grinding machine. It is necessary to grind the two end faces of the inner and outer rings as well as the inner and outer walls of the inner and outer rings, so as to improve the dimensional accuracy, form and position tolerances, surface quality and service life of the inner and outer rings of the bearing.

[0003] In the existing technology, the grinding process for the inner and outer grooves of bearings has certain drawbacks. When the inner and outer grooves of the bearing are being machined, the bearing grooves are in contact with the cutting tool of the spindle. After the bearing is ground, the cutting tool of the spindle needs to be fed. During this process, the cutting tool needs to rotate around the side wall of the inner and outer grooves of the bearing. Then the inner groove and outer groove of the bearing need to be clamped again. As a result, the machining accuracy of the inner and outer grooves of the bearing is low, and the bearing assembly accuracy is also relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a grinding process for inner and outer grooves of bearings to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A grinding process for inner and outer grooves of bearings includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Workpiece clamping and positioning: Place the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve on a rotatable tooling platform and a rotatable fixture. The cutting tools are divided into end face grinding wheels, cylindrical grinding wheels and spherical grinding wheels.

[0008] S2. Parameter preset and grinding start: The initial feed rate and grinding speed of the grinding wheel are set by the control unit. The grinding wheel assembly and feed drive assembly are started. The end face grinding wheel rotates at the preset speed and grinds the end face of the workpiece. The cylindrical grinding wheel grinds the cylindrical surfaces of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve at the preset speed.

[0009] S3, Groove Grinding: The rotatable tooling platform rotates around the axis of the spherical grinding wheel tool, while the rotatable fixture rotates the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve around the bearing axis to ensure that the spherical grinding wheel is always in contact with the groove edge of the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve.

[0010] S31. Groove parameter matching: Replace the spherical grinding wheel tool with a suitable diameter according to the tubular radius of the groove, call the corresponding machining program and adjust the CNC parameters to make the spherical grinding wheel tool accurately match the internal position of the groove contour.

[0011] S32. Grinding parameter setting: Set the grinding wheel speed and grinding allowance to prevent groove deformation;

[0012] S33, Linked Grinding: The rotatable tooling platform, rotatable fixture, and grinding wheel drive motor all start working. The spherical grinding wheel tool is used to grind the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve. The tooling platform, fixture, and grinding wheel work together to achieve grinding of the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve of different models.

[0013] S34. Real-time compensation and correction: During the grinding groove process, the laser contour scanning sensor detects the groove contour in real time, and the control unit compares the data and automatically compensates and corrects the parameters.

[0014] S35. Secondary feed grinding of grooves: Replace with spherical grinding wheels of different diameters and perform secondary feed grinding in the manner described in S33. Then, conduct a comprehensive inspection of the grooves. The grinding wheels grind the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve.

[0015] S4. Real-time detection and local grinding: The perpendicularity and surface roughness sensors continuously detect the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve grooves, transmit the signals to the control unit and compare them with preset values, and perform local grinding modifications on the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve grooves.

[0016] S5. Finishing work of grinding: After the test data meets the standard, the grinding wheel assembly, linkage platform and rotating platform stop rotating and reset, the workpiece positioning mechanism is released, and the machined bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve are taken out.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the pre-treated bearing ring is placed on a rotatable tooling platform and a rotatable fixture of a CNC grinding machine. The end faces of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve are ground by an end face grinding wheel, the cylindrical surfaces of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve are ground by a cylindrical grinding wheel, and the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve are ground by a spherical grinding wheel. After clamping, the workpiece coordinate system is calibrated by a CNC system, with a positioning deviation ≤0.001mm, to avoid subsequent grinding accuracy deviations.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S2, the control unit calls the machining parameters of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve end face as well as the machining parameters of the cylindrical surface of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve, and sets the initial feed of the grinding wheel to 0.2-0.5mm, the preset speed of the end face grinding wheel to 1500-3000r / min, the preset speed of the cylindrical grinding wheel to 2000-4500r / min, and the surface roughness of the bearing end face and the surface roughness of the bearing inner and outer walls Ra≤0.2μm.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation axis of the tooling platform in S3 is adapted to the axis of the spherical grinding wheel tool, and the centerness of the rotation axis of the tooling platform is 0.05mm when the axis of the spherical grinding wheel tool is taken as the reference. The axis of the rotatable fixture in S3 is adapted to the axis of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve, and the centerness of the axis of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve is 0.05mm when the axis of the fixture is taken as the reference. While the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve revolve around the axis of the tooling platform, they also rotate around the axis of the fixture. The spherical grinding wheel grinds the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S31, the grinding wheel speed is set to 4000-6000 r / min. In steps S32 and S35, two different diameter spherical grinding wheels are used to grind the groove of the bearing. The difference in radius between the different diameter spherical grinding wheels is the feed amount of the two grinding operations, so as to avoid the groove deformation caused by excessive grinding amount in a single operation.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, during the grinding of the groove in S34, the laser contour scanning sensor continuously scans the groove contour, generates contour detection data and transmits it to the control unit; the control unit compares the detection data with the design data to ensure that the groove contour always meets the design requirements.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, during the grinding process in S4, a perpendicularity sensor is used to continuously detect the perpendicularity deviation between the end face of the collar and the axis, and a surface roughness sensor simultaneously detects the surface quality of the end face. The detection data is transmitted to the control unit in real time.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S4, the laser contour scanning sensor performs a comprehensive inspection of the groove. After confirming that the groove roundness error is ≤0.01mm and the surface roughness Ra is ≤0.1μm, for bearing grooves that do not meet the bearing roughness requirements, the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve are rotated back and forth locally when the local roughness of the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve is poor. The grooves of the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve are ground by the rotating spherical grinding wheel to meet the relevant requirements.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S5, a precision testing instrument is used to comprehensively test key indicators such as end face perpendicularity, surface roughness, groove roundness, and contour dimensions. Qualified products are cleaned, rust-proofed, dried, and then put into storage. Grinding shavings and dust in the grinding area are cleaned, the wear of the grinding wheel is checked, and then the equipment power is turned off to complete the entire processing flow.

[0025] A bearing structure for inner and outer sleeve grooves, the bearing structure obtained by the grinding process for inner and outer sleeve grooves, includes an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, rolling elements and a cage. The inner wall of the outer sleeve has a first groove, the outer wall of the inner sleeve has a second groove, and the rolling elements are rolled between the first groove and the second groove.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] The groove grinding process transforms the movement of the tool relative to the workpiece into the movement of the workpiece relative to the tool. The bearing's axis rotates on its own axis while simultaneously rotating around the axis of the spherical grinding wheel. The spherical grinding wheel rotates synchronously, thereby grinding the second groove of the bearing inner sleeve with the spherical grinding wheel. Grinding the same type of bearing inner sleeve and bearing outer sleeve can be done at the same fixture position, reducing the large positional changes of the bearing inner sleeve and bearing outer sleeve caused by the relative movement of the tooling platform and fixture.

[0028] In the linkage grinding process, the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve on the fixture are ground by a spherical grinding wheel. The bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve held by the fixture rotate around the spherical grinding wheel, and the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve held by the fixture rotate around the axis of the fixture, so that the outer wall of the bearing inner sleeve and the inner wall of the bearing outer sleeve are always ground with the spherical grinding wheel.

[0029] The real-time detection and localized grinding process allows for the grinding of specific areas of the bearing grooves when the surface roughness does not meet requirements. The spherical grinding wheel grinds these areas, and the back-and-forth rotation of the bearing, combined with the groove's fit, allows the localized grooves of the bearing to be ground to meet the processing requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing grinding process of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the groove grinding process of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical grinding wheel grinding the second groove according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first groove being ground by the spherical grinding wheel of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Bearing outer sleeve; 2. Bearing inner sleeve; 3. First groove; 4. Second groove; 5. Rolling element; 6. Cage. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1:

[0038] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 5 As shown, a grinding process for inner and outer grooves of bearings is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1. Workpiece clamping and positioning: The bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 are placed on a rotatable tooling platform and a rotatable fixture. The cutting tools are divided into end face grinding wheels, cylindrical grinding wheels and spherical grinding wheels. A double rotation positioning structure of rotatable tooling platform and rotatable fixture is adopted to fix the bearing inside the tooling platform and fixture. The fixture moves radially along the tooling platform. The fixture is adjusted according to different bearing models. The end faces of bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 are ground by end face grinding wheels. The two side walls of bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 are ground by cylindrical grinding wheels. A combination tool scheme of end face grinding wheels, cylindrical grinding wheels and spherical grinding wheels is adopted. The three types of grinding wheels are independently installed on the multi-axis tool post of the grinding machine.

[0040] S2. Parameter preset and grinding start: The initial feed rate and grinding speed of the grinding wheel are set by the control unit. The grinding wheel assembly and feed drive assembly are started. The end face grinding wheel rotates at the preset speed and grinds the end face of the workpiece. The cylindrical grinding wheel grinds the cylindrical surfaces of the bearing outer sleeve 1 and the bearing inner sleeve 2 at the preset speed. The initial feed rate of the end face grinding wheel and the cylindrical grinding wheel are preset according to the grinding wheel type. They are divided into axial feed and radial feed. The feed rate needs to be set according to the workpiece material, hardness and processing stage to avoid the workpiece surface scratches, grinding wheel breakage or clamping displacement caused by excessive initial feed rate.

[0041] S3. Groove Grinding: The rotatable fixture platform rotates around the axis of the spherical grinding wheel tool. At the same time, the rotatable fixture rotates the bearing outer sleeve 1 and the bearing inner sleeve 2 around the bearing axis, ensuring that the spherical grinding wheel is always in contact with the groove edge of the bearing outer sleeve 1 and the bearing inner sleeve 2. The radial position of the fixture on the fixture platform is adjusted according to the bearing model. Then the fixture platform and the fixture rotate, so that the second groove 4 of the bearing inner sleeve 2 comes into contact with the spherical grinding wheel. The bearing axis rotates on its own axis while rotating around the axis of the spherical grinding wheel. The spherical grinding wheel rotates synchronously, so that the second groove 4 of the bearing inner sleeve 2 is ground by the spherical grinding wheel. The bearing inner sleeve 2 and the bearing outer sleeve 1 of the same model can be installed at the fixture in the same position to reduce the large positional changes of the bearing inner sleeve 2 and the bearing outer sleeve 1 caused by the relative movement of the fixture platform and the fixture.

[0042] S31. Groove parameter matching: Replace the spherical grinding wheel tool with one of appropriate diameter according to the tubular radius of the groove, call the corresponding machining program and adjust the CNC parameters to make the spherical grinding wheel tool accurately match the internal position of the groove contour. Select the rough grinding wheel and the fine grinding wheel according to the groove cross-sectional diameter of the bearing. The difference in radius between the rough grinding wheel and the fine grinding wheel is the feed rate and the rotational speed of the spindle grinding wheel.

[0043] S32. Grinding parameter setting: Set the grinding wheel speed and grinding allowance to prevent groove deformation. Adjust the rotation speed of the coarse grinding wheel and the fine grinding wheel. Use a smaller diameter spherical grinding wheel for coarse grinding and a larger diameter spherical grinding wheel for fine grinding. Grind the inner sleeve 2 and outer sleeve 1 of the bearing with the coarse grinding wheel and the inner sleeve 2 and outer sleeve 1 of the bearing with the fine grinding wheel.

[0044] S33, Linked Grinding: The rotatable tooling platform, rotatable fixture, and grinding wheel drive motor all start working. The grooves of the bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 are ground using a spherical grinding wheel cutter. The tooling platform, fixture, and grinding wheel work in linkage to grind the grooves of different models of bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2. The fixture is moved radially along the tooling platform, so that the bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 on the fixture are ground by the spherical grinding wheel. The bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 held by the fixture rotate around the spherical grinding wheel, and the bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 held by the fixture rotate around the axis of the fixture, so that the outer wall of the bearing inner sleeve 2 and the inner wall of the bearing outer sleeve 1 are always ground by the spherical grinding wheel.

[0045] S34. Real-time compensation and correction: During the grinding of grooves, the laser contour scanning sensor detects the groove contour in real time. The control unit compares the data and automatically compensates and corrects the parameters. It is usually a line laser contour sensor, which is installed in the non-interference area of ​​the grinding wheel head or workpiece holder of the grinding machine. It can quickly scan the groove cross-sectional contour and detect key parameters such as the radius of curvature, groove center distance, groove width, roundness, and waviness of the arc groove. Thus, it can detect whether the grooves of the bearing inner sleeve 2 and the bearing outer sleeve 1 are consistent.

[0046] S35. Secondary feed grinding of the groove: Replace with spherical grinding wheels of different diameters and perform secondary feed grinding in the manner described in S33. Then, conduct a comprehensive inspection of the groove. The grinding wheel grinds the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve 1 and the bearing inner sleeve 2. Replacing with a spherical grinding wheel of a larger diameter can further grind the grooves of the bearing, thereby ensuring that the grooves of the bearing meet the processing requirements.

[0047] S4. Real-time detection and local grinding: The perpendicularity and surface roughness sensors continuously detect the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve 1 and the bearing inner sleeve 2, transmit the signals to the control unit and compare them with the preset values, and perform local grinding modification on the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve 1 and the bearing inner sleeve 2. When the surface roughness of the grooves of the bearing does not meet the requirements, the spherical grinding wheel grinds the local area of ​​the groove. The back and forth rotation of the bearing, combined with the cooperation of the grooves, can grind the local grooves of the bearing to meet the processing requirements.

[0048] S5. Finishing work of grinding: After the test data meets the standard, the grinding wheel assembly, linkage platform and rotating platform stop rotating and reset. The workpiece positioning mechanism is released. The machined bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 are taken out. The qualified products are cleaned and rust-proofed. Rust-proof oil can be used for soaking. After drying, they are put into storage. Clean the grinding shavings and dust in the grinding area and check the wear of the grinding wheel. If the wear exceeds the preset threshold, it is repaired. Then turn off the power of the equipment to complete the entire processing process. The equipment is turned off step by step according to the grinding machine operation procedure. For chuck clamping type, the jaws need to be released slowly. The tooling is restored to the initial position. Use a special scraper to clean the grinding mud remaining on the tooling mating surface to ensure that there are no residual impurities.

[0049] In step S1, the pre-treated bearing ring is placed on the rotatable tooling platform and rotatable fixture of a CNC grinding machine. The end faces of the bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 are ground using an end-face grinding wheel, and the cylindrical surfaces of the bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 are ground using a cylindrical grinding wheel. The control unit starts the grinding wheel rotation, and the adaptive feed drive assembly drives the grinding wheel to slowly feed along the bearing ring axis. After contacting the end face of the bearing ring, grinding begins. The grooves of the bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 are ground using a spherical grinding wheel tool. After clamping, the grinding wheel is then... The CNC system calibrates the workpiece coordinate system, ensuring a positioning deviation of ≤0.001mm to avoid subsequent grinding accuracy deviations. The workpiece ring to be machined is cleaned to remove surface oxide scale, oil, and impurities using an ultrasonic cleaning process at a temperature of 40-60℃. After drying, it is ready for use. The end face is ground using a cubic boron nitride grinding wheel with a grit size of 1200#-1500# and a hardness of HRC60-65. The groove is ground using a custom cubic boron nitride arc grinding wheel that matches the groove arc radius, with an arc radius tolerance of ±0.001mm.

[0050] In step S2, the control unit calls the end face machining parameters of bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2, as well as the cylindrical surface machining parameters of bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2. The initial feed amount of the grinding wheel is set to 0.2-0.5mm, the preset speed of the end face grinding wheel is 1500-3000r / min, the preset speed of the cylindrical grinding wheel is 2000-4500r / min, and the surface roughness of the bearing end face and the surface roughness of the inner and outer walls of the bearing are Ra≤0.2μm. The perpendicularity sensor continuously detects the perpendicularity deviation between the end face of the bearing ring and the axis, and the surface roughness sensor simultaneously detects the surface quality of the end face. The detection data is transmitted to the control unit in real time. If the perpendicularity deviation exceeds the preset threshold or the surface roughness does not meet the standard, the control unit automatically adjusts the feed amount of the feed drive component, and at the same time fine-tunes the liquid nitrogen injection angle and flow rate until the detection data meets the target requirements.

[0051] The rotation axis of the tooling platform in S3 is matched with the axis of the spherical grinding wheel tool. With the axis of the spherical grinding wheel tool as the reference, the center accuracy of the tooling platform's rotation axis is 0.05mm. This ensures that when the tooling platform drives the workpiece to rotate, the workpiece's revolution center is always consistent with the machining center of the grinding wheel, avoiding positional shift of the grinding wheel on the workpiece and uneven groove wall thickness. The axis of the rotatable fixture in S3 is matched with the axes of the bearing outer sleeve 1 and the bearing inner sleeve 2. With the fixture axis as the reference, the center accuracy of the bearing outer sleeve 1 and the bearing inner sleeve 2 axes is 0.05mm. This ensures the workpiece's clamping and positioning accuracy on the fixture, preventing workpiece misalignment due to clamping deviation, which could lead to deviation of the rotation axis and consequently, excessive roundness and cylindricity of the groove. While the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 of the bearing revolve around the axis of the tooling platform, the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 of the bearing also rotate around the axis of the fixture. The spherical grinding wheel grinds the grooves of the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 of the bearing. This grinding process is different from the single-rotation grinding method. The purpose of the dual-axis motion is to achieve precise surface contact grinding between the spherical surface of the spherical grinding wheel and the arc surface of the bearing groove. The revolution is used to drive the entire circumference of the groove of the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 of the bearing to pass through the processing area of ​​the grinding wheel in sequence, so as to achieve full circumference grinding of the groove. The rotation is used to keep the arc surface of the bearing groove in continuous contact with the spherical surface of the spherical grinding wheel, ensuring that the arc curvature and surface roughness of the groove meet the requirements, and avoiding grinding dead corners or local over-grinding.

[0052] In step S31, the grinding wheel speed is set to 4000-6000 r / min. In steps S32 and S35, two different diameter spherical grinding wheels are used to grind the groove of the bearing. The difference in radius between the two diameter spherical grinding wheels is the feed amount for two grinding operations. This avoids excessive grinding amount in a single operation, which could cause groove deformation. The smaller diameter spherical grinding wheel is used for rough grinding, and the larger diameter spherical grinding wheel is used for fine grinding.

[0053] During the grinding process in S34, the laser contour scanning sensor continuously scans the groove contour, generates contour detection data, and transmits it to the control unit. The control unit compares the detection data with the design data to ensure that the groove contour always meets the design requirements. The linkage between the laser contour scanning sensor and the control unit runs through the entire groove grinding process. After the grinding machine starts the grinding program, the grinding wheel feeds into the workpiece groove according to the preset parameters. The laser contour scanning sensor continuously scans the groove grinding working surface at a fixed frequency, and the scanning range covers the entire curvature surface of the groove.

[0054] In the S4 grinding process, a perpendicularity sensor continuously detects the perpendicularity deviation between the end face of the bearing ring and the axis, while a surface roughness sensor simultaneously detects the surface quality of the end face. The detection data is transmitted to the control unit in real time. In S4, a laser contour scanning sensor performs a comprehensive inspection of the groove. After confirming that the groove roundness error is ≤0.01mm and the surface roughness Ra is ≤0.1μm, for bearing grooves that do not meet the bearing roughness requirements, the bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 are partially rotated back and forth. The grooves of the bearing outer sleeve 1 and bearing inner sleeve 2 are ground by the rotating spherical grinding wheel to meet the relevant requirements. When the grinding wheel is fed to the preset grinding end position, the sensor performs a high-precision final inspection of the entire contour of the groove. The control unit makes a comprehensive judgment on the final inspection deviation data. If all deviations meet the design requirements, the grinding process is completed and the workpiece is transferred to the next process. If there are still local deviations, the control unit starts a micro-grinding program until the contour completely meets the design requirements.

[0055] In S5, a precision testing instrument is used to comprehensively test key indicators such as end face perpendicularity, surface roughness, groove roundness, and contour dimensions. Qualified products are cleaned, rust-proofed, dried, and then put into storage. Grinding shavings and dust in the grinding area are cleaned, and the wear of the grinding wheel is checked. Then, the power of the equipment is turned off to complete the entire processing flow.

[0056] Please see Figure 3 As shown, a bearing structure for inner and outer bearing grooves, obtained by the aforementioned grinding process for inner and outer bearing grooves, includes an outer bearing 1, an inner bearing 2, rolling elements 5, and a cage 6. The inner wall of the outer bearing 1 has a first groove 3, and the outer wall of the inner bearing 2 has a second groove 4. The rolling elements 5 are rolled between the first groove 3 and the second groove 4. The cage 6 confines the rolling elements 5, which are arranged in a circular array, so that each rolling element 5 moves within the first groove 3 and the second groove 4.

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A grinding process for inner and outer grooves of bearings, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Workpiece clamping and positioning: Place the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve on a rotatable tooling platform and a rotatable fixture. The cutting tools are divided into end face grinding wheels, cylindrical grinding wheels and spherical grinding wheels. S2. Parameter preset and grinding start: The initial feed rate and grinding speed of the grinding wheel are set by the control unit. The grinding wheel assembly and feed drive assembly are started. The end face grinding wheel rotates at the preset speed and grinds the end face of the workpiece. The cylindrical grinding wheel grinds the cylindrical surfaces of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve at the preset speed. S3. Groove Grinding: The rotatable tooling platform rotates around the axis of the spherical grinding wheel tool, while the rotatable fixture rotates the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve around the bearing axis. The bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve revolve around the axis of the tooling platform and rotate around the axis of the fixture. The spherical grinding wheel grinds the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve, ensuring that the spherical grinding wheel is always in contact with the edge of the groove of the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve. S31. Groove parameter matching: Replace the spherical grinding wheel tool with a suitable diameter according to the tubular radius of the groove, call the corresponding machining program and adjust the CNC parameters to make the spherical grinding wheel tool accurately match the internal position of the groove contour. S32. Grinding parameter setting: Set the grinding wheel speed and grinding allowance; S33, Linked Grinding: The rotatable tooling platform, rotatable fixture, and grinding wheel drive motor all start working, and the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve are ground by the spherical grinding wheel tool. The tooling platform, fixture and grinding wheel work together to achieve grinding of the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve of different models. S34. Real-time compensation and correction: During the grinding groove process, the laser contour scanning sensor detects the groove contour in real time, and the control unit compares the data and automatically compensates and corrects the parameters. S35. Secondary feed grinding of grooves: Replace with spherical grinding wheels of different diameters and perform secondary feed grinding in the manner described in S33. Then, conduct a comprehensive inspection of the grooves. The grinding wheels grind the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve. S4. Real-time detection and local grinding: The perpendicularity and surface roughness sensors continuously detect the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve grooves, transmit the signals to the control unit and compare them with preset values, and perform local grinding modifications on the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve grooves. S5. Finishing work of grinding: After the test data meets the standard, the grinding wheel assembly, linkage platform and rotating platform stop rotating and reset, the workpiece positioning mechanism is released, and the machined bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve are taken out.

2. The grinding process for inner and outer grooves of bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the pre-treated bearing ring is placed on the rotatable tooling platform and rotatable fixture of the CNC grinding machine. The end faces of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve are ground by the end face grinding wheel, the cylindrical surfaces of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve are ground by the cylindrical grinding wheel, and the grooves of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve are ground by the spherical grinding wheel. After clamping, the workpiece coordinate system is calibrated by the CNC system, and the positioning deviation is ≤0.001mm.

3. The grinding process for inner and outer grooves of bearings according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S2, the control unit calls the machining parameters of the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve end faces, as well as the machining parameters of the cylindrical surfaces of the bearing outer sleeve and bearing inner sleeve. The initial feed of the grinding wheel is set to 0.2-0.5mm, the preset speed of the end face grinding wheel is 1500-3000r / min, the preset speed of the cylindrical grinding wheel is 2000-4500r / min, and the surface roughness of the bearing end face and the surface roughness of the inner and outer walls of the bearing are Ra≤0.2μm.

4. The grinding process for inner and outer grooves of bearings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The axis of rotation of the tooling platform in S3 is adapted to the axis of the spherical grinding wheel tool, and the center degree of the axis of rotation of the tooling platform is 0.05mm when the axis of the spherical grinding wheel tool is taken as the reference. The axis of the rotatable fixture in S3 is adapted to the axis of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve, and the center degree of the axis of the bearing outer sleeve and the bearing inner sleeve is 0.05mm when the axis of the fixture is taken as the reference.

5. The grinding process for inner and outer grooves of bearings according to claim 4, characterized in that, In S31, the grinding wheel speed is set to 4000-6000 r / min. In S32 and S35, two different diameter spherical grinding wheels are used to grind the groove of the bearing. The difference in radius between the two diameter spherical grinding wheels is the feed amount of the two grinding operations.

6. The grinding process for inner and outer grooves of a bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, During the grinding process in S34, the laser contour scanning sensor continuously scans the groove contour, generates contour detection data, and transmits it to the control unit. The control unit compares the detection data with the design data to ensure that the groove contour always meets the requirements.

7. The grinding process for inner and outer grooves of a bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the grinding process in S4, the perpendicularity sensor continuously detects the perpendicularity deviation between the end face of the collar and the axis, and the surface roughness sensor simultaneously detects the surface quality of the end face. The detection data is transmitted to the control unit in real time.

8. The grinding process for inner and outer grooves of a bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S4, the laser contour scanning sensor performs a comprehensive inspection of the groove. After confirming that the groove roundness error is ≤0.01mm and the surface roughness Ra is ≤0.1μm, for bearing grooves that do not meet the bearing roughness requirements, the bearing outer and bearing inner sleeve grooves are locally rotated back and forth. The grooves of the bearing outer and bearing inner sleeve are ground by the rotating spherical grinding wheel.

9. The grinding process for inner and outer grooves of a bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S5, a testing instrument is used to comprehensively test the end face perpendicularity, surface roughness, groove roundness, and contour dimensions. Qualified products are cleaned, rust-proofed, dried, and then stored in the warehouse. Grinding shavings and dust in the grinding area are cleaned, and the wear of the grinding wheel is checked. Then, the equipment power is turned off to complete the entire processing flow.

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