Eutectic gel resistant to severe environment, preparation method and application
By adding hydrophobically modified MXene nanosheets to a eutectic solvent and polymerizing them with hydrophobic monomers, a eutectic gel resistant to harsh environments was prepared, solving the problem of performance degradation of traditional gels in humid environments and achieving stable sensing and improved mechanical properties in extreme environments.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-14
AI Technical Summary
Traditional hydrogels and hydrophilic eutectic gels are prone to moisture absorption and swelling in harsh environments, which leads to a decrease in mechanical and adhesion properties, limiting their application in humid environments. Furthermore, existing hydrophobic modified MXenes are complex to operate and costly.
A conductive eutectic gel was prepared by using tetrabutylammonium chloride and thymol to form a eutectic solvent and combining it with hydrophobically modified MXene. The MXene nanosheets intercalated with tetrabutylammonium were polymerized with hydrophobic monomers in the eutectic solvent to form a three-dimensional network gel, which restricted the permeation of water molecules and improved mechanical properties and environmental stability.
The prepared eutectic gel has good mechanical properties, adhesion, freeze resistance, high temperature resistance, and moisture resistance, making it suitable for human motion monitoring and enabling stable sensing applications in extreme environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN121851237A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of eutectic gel technology, and relates to a method for preparing and applying a conductive eutectic gel with excellent self-adhesion, self-healing, antifreeze, high temperature resistance, moisture resistance, dryness resistance and mechanical strength. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing number of people participating in outdoor sports and polar expeditions, wearers inevitably encounter harsh environments such as extreme high temperatures, low temperatures, and high humidity. Although traditional hydrogel-based sensors are widely used, they often face inherent challenges when exposed to harsh environments, such as moisture evaporation, freezing at low temperatures, and hygroscopic expansion in humid environments. Changes in the water state within hydrogel-based sensors can lead to sensor structural failure, functional degradation, and even device delamination, affecting the sensor's stability and accuracy and severely hindering its sensing applications in harsh environments.
[0003] Ionic liquids are room-temperature molten salts with good electrical conductivity and thermal stability. They can serve as green solvents in the synthesis of organic polymers. For example, in the field of gels, ionic liquids act as excellent conductive dispersion media, allowing for the synthesis of ionic gels by dispersing monomers within the ionic liquid or by the self-polymerization of the ionic liquid. Compared to traditional hydrogels, ionic gels exhibit superior electrical conductivity, viscoelasticity, thermal stability, mechanical properties, and fatigue resistance, attracting increasing attention and research in recent years. However, ionic liquids are typically expensive and toxic, significantly limiting their applications.
[0004] Deep eutectic solvents (DES), as a novel type of ionic liquid solvent, are often prepared as eutectic mixtures by mixing hydrogen bond acceptors and hydrogen bond donors at relatively high temperatures. They possess the properties of ionic liquids, including low vapor pressure, good solubility, and a wide electrochemical window, and also feature low cost, simple preparation, non-toxicity, low melting point, and biodegradability. Deep eutectic gels can be prepared by using the deep eutectic solvent as a solvent dispersion system or as a polymer monomer through physical or chemical crosslinking. Currently, deep eutectic gels have been applied in various fields, such as smart materials, electrochemical devices, wearable sensors, optical materials, drug delivery materials, and 3D printing. However, current eutectic gels are mainly prepared based on hydrophilic eutectic solvents (such as choline chloride, glycerol, lactic acid, urea, etc.). When used in humid environments, they are prone to hygroscopic swelling, resulting in a decrease or loss of mechanical properties, adhesion properties, and sensing properties, severely limiting their application in humid environments. Furthermore, hydrophilic eutectic gels also suffer from disadvantages such as a narrow adjustable mechanical property window, the need for additional adhesive materials, low sensing sensitivity, a narrow temperature range, and poor storage tolerance. Improving the hydrophobicity of eutectic gels by using hydrophobic raw materials can enhance their stability in humid environments, helping to overcome the shortcomings of traditional hydrogels and hydrophilic eutectic gels in terms of moisture resistance, and enabling the development of high-temperature, low-temperature, and moisture-resistant eutectic gels. Therefore, how to develop a eutectic gel resistant to harsh environments based on eutectic solvents is a technical challenge that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of this, the present invention discloses a eutectic gel resistant to harsh environments, its preparation method and application.
[0006] It should be noted that MXenes are a novel class of layered two-dimensional nanomaterials composed of transition metal carbides or nitrides. They possess abundant surface functional groups (-OH, -O, -F), exhibiting excellent conductivity, hydrophilicity, and mechanical stability. Their applications include water purification membranes, batteries and energy storage, electrochemical supercapacitors, and electromagnetic interference shielding. Therefore, the abundant metals and diverse functional groups in MXenes help to enhance the types and density of interactions between eutectic gel networks, thereby improving the mechanical properties, toughness, and self-healing capabilities of the gel. However, the extremely high hydrophilicity of MXenes limits their application in hydrophobic systems; however, hydrophobic modification can enhance the interaction between MXenes and hydrophobic networks. Currently, hydrophobic modification of MXene is mainly based on silanization modification and cationic intercalation. Compared with the complicated operation of silanization modification and the self-polymerization of silanizing reagents on the MXene surface, MXene modified by tetrabutylammonium ion intercalation exhibits more uniform particle size and long-term stability. At the same time, due to its simple operation and controllable process, it has extremely high application potential.
[0007] This invention utilizes two hydrophobic raw materials added to a eutectic solvent formed by tetrabutylammonium chloride and thymol, combined with hydrophobically modified MXene, to prepare a conductive eutectic gel. This eutectic gel exhibits excellent mechanical properties, adhesion, and environmental stability. These properties are attributed to the hydrophobicity of the hydrophobic network formed by the hydrophobic monomers, the similar compatibility between the hydrophobically modified MXene and the tetrabutylammonium ions in the eutectic solvent, and the rich dynamic interactions between the eutectic solvent and the polymer. These interactions limit the interpenetration between water molecules and the gel network, resulting in a eutectic gel that not only exhibits excellent mechanical properties but also good toughness, self-adhesion, freeze resistance, high temperature resistance, moisture resistance, dryness resistance, and excellent strain sensitivity.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: One objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a eutectic gel resistant to harsh environments. First, MXene is prepared by etching Ti3AlC2 with hydrofluoric acid. Then, MXene is modified by intercalation with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide to obtain tetrabutylammonium-intercalated MXene nanosheets. Subsequently, tetrabutylammonium chloride and thymol are used as raw materials, and the mixture is heated and stirred to obtain a novel eutectic solvent. Two monomers, isobornyl methacrylate and 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate, a crosslinking agent, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, an initiator, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, and a modifier, tetrabutylammonium-intercalated MXene nanosheets, are added sequentially to the eutectic solvent. After stirring evenly under light-protected conditions, the eutectic gel is prepared by photocrosslinking and curing under ultraviolet light irradiation.
[0009] The eutectic gel prepared by the method of this invention has good conductivity, self-adhesion, self-healing, antifreeze, high temperature resistance, moisture resistance, and dryness resistance. When used for human motion monitoring, it exhibits good tensile strength, flexibility, and sensitivity. It can easily adhere to the skin at human joints to achieve real-time monitoring of human motion.
[0010] Specifically, the preparation method of the eutectic gel is as follows: Step 1: Preparation of MXene: First, Ti3AlC2 powder is placed in hydrofluoric acid solution and reacted for 20 h-48 h. Then, it is centrifuged, washed, and dried for 24 h-36 h to obtain MXene powder material. Step 2: Preparation of tetrabutylammonium-intercalated MXene nanosheets: First, the MXene powder obtained in Step 1 is dispersed in a tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution and stirred at room temperature for 10 h-24 h. Then, it is centrifuged, washed, and dried for 24 h-36 h to obtain tetrabutylammonium-intercalated MXene nanosheets. Step 3: Preparation of eutectic solvent: Mix the hydrogen bond acceptor tetrabutylammonium chloride and the hydrogen bond donor thymol in a certain proportion, stir under heating conditions until the solution is transparent and homogeneous to obtain the eutectic solvent, and cool to room temperature for later use. Step 4: Preparation of eutectic gel: Add the tetrabutylammonium intercalated MXene nanosheets from Step 2 to the eutectic solvent prepared in Step 3 in a certain proportion and stir thoroughly until homogeneous. Then, add a certain amount of monomer, crosslinking agent and photoinitiator in sequence. Stir and mix evenly under light-protected conditions to obtain a prepolymer solution. Pour the solution into a silicone mold and crosslink and cure it by ultraviolet light to obtain the eutectic gel.
[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step 1, the concentration of the hydrofluoric acid solution is 40 wt%, and 2 g of Ti3AlC2 powder is added to every 15 mL-30 mL of hydrofluoric acid solution.
[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step 2, the concentration of the tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution is 25 wt%, and 1 g of MXene powder is added to every 20 mL-40 mL of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution.
[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the drying method in steps 2 and 3 is: vacuum drying at 50 ℃-100 ℃.
[0014] Preferably, in step 3, the hydrogen bond acceptor and hydrogen bond donor of the eutectic solvent are tetrabutylammonium chloride and thymol, respectively, with a molar ratio of 1:2.
[0015] Preferably, in step 3, the heating temperature for preparing the eutectic solvent is 60 ℃-100 ℃, more preferably 70 ℃-90 ℃.
[0016] Preferably, in step 4, the monomer isobornyl methacrylate is 50 wt%-100 wt% of the total monomer mass, more preferably 70 wt%-90 wt%.
[0017] Preferably, in step 4, the amount of the crosslinking agent ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is 0.3 wt%-2.0 wt% of the total monomer mass fraction, more preferably 0.5 wt%-1.5 wt%.
[0018] Preferably, in step 4, the amount of the photoinitiator diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide is 0.1 wt%-1.0 wt% of the total monomer mass fraction, more preferably 0.1 wt%-0.4 wt%.
[0019] Preferably, in step 4, the tetrabutylammonium intercalated MXene nanosheets are 0 wt%-0.6 wt% of the total mass of the monomer and the eutectic solvent, more preferably 0.4 wt%-0.6 wt%.
[0020] Preferably, in step 4, the ultraviolet light irradiation time is 1 min-10 min, more preferably 3 min-5 min.
[0021] The second objective of this invention is to provide a eutectic gel prepared by the above-described method.
[0022] A third objective of this invention is to provide an application of a eutectic gel as a flexible strain sensor in human motion monitoring. The human motion signal monitoring includes, but is not limited to, the flexion and extension of finger joints; the flexion and extension of wrist joints; and the flexion and extension of knee and elbow joints.
[0023] Step 5: Fabrication of a flexible strain sensor: The two ends of a long strip of eutectic gel are connected by wire extension to assemble a flexible strain sensor based on this eutectic gel. Step 6: Apply the eutectic gel to the joint of the human body, connect the extended end of the lead wire to the electrochemical workstation, set the parameters of the instrument, and move the human joint regularly: fingers, wrist, elbow, knee. The curve of the relative resistance change of the gel when the human joint moves can be obtained from the instrument screen.
[0024] Preferably, in step 5, the gel strips are 4 cm-6 cm * 1 cm-2 cm in size.
[0025] In this invention, a highly tensile, conductive eutectic gel serves as the sensitive layer of a flexible strain sensor, enabling strain monitoring of human joints undergoing large-angle movements and flexible, complex curved surfaces. This invention offers advantages such as being environmentally friendly, low-cost, simple to implement, and safe to process, and has broad application prospects in the fields of flexible strain sensors, smart wearables, bionic electronic skin, medical health monitoring, and intelligent soft robots.
[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) This invention uses a eutectic solvent as a dispersion medium and combines MXene nanosheets intercalated with tetrabutylammonium with two monomers, isobornyl methacrylate and 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate, to form a three-dimensional network gel. Compared with other eutectic gels, the eutectic gel prepared by this invention maintains many advantages of eutectic gels while improving the humidity applicability range of eutectic gels, and can adapt to extremely humid environments.
[0027] 2) The present invention incorporates tetrabutylammonium intercalated MXene nanosheets into the eutectic gel to significantly improve the mechanical properties of the gel. Ultimately, the eutectic gel of the present invention has a wide range of mechanical tunability in the range of 10 kPa-10 MPa, excellent adhesion, antifreeze properties, high temperature resistance, moisture resistance, dryness resistance, conductivity, stimulus response and working stability.
[0028] 3) This invention has the advantages of being green and environmentally friendly, low cost, simple steps, and safe process, and has broad application prospects in fields such as stretchable sensors, flexible sensors, and tissue engineering. Attached Figure Description
[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0030] Figure 1 XRD patterns of MXene nanosheets intercalated with Ti3AlC2, Mxene, and tetrabutylammonium; Figure 2 Images of eutectic gels subjected to different actions: a) twisting; b) stretching after twisting; c) bending; d) self-adhesion; e) stretching after self-adhesion; f) curling; Figure 3 Images showing the water contact angle test results for eutectic gels; Figure 4 Photographs showing eutectic gels adhering to different substrates; Figure 5 The DSC pattern of the eutectic gel; Figure 6 Stress-strain curves of eutectic gels after being placed under different humidity levels for 48 h. Figure 7 Stress-strain curves of eutectic gels prepared with different monomer contents; Figure 8 This is a sensing curve of the regular movement of a eutectic gel attached to a human finger. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0032] The term "embodiment" used herein, as an example, is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Performance testing in the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, employs conventional testing methods in the art. It should be understood that the terminology used in this application is merely for describing particular implementations and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.
[0033] Unless otherwise stated, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; other experimental methods and technical means not specifically mentioned herein refer to experimental methods and technical means commonly used by one of ordinary skill in the art.
[0034] To better illustrate the content of this application, numerous specific details are provided in the following detailed embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application can be implemented even without certain specific details. In the embodiments, some methods, means, instruments, and devices well-known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this application.
[0035] Without conflict, the technical features disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be combined arbitrarily, and the resulting technical solution belongs to the content disclosed in the embodiments of this application.
[0036] This invention discloses a method for preparing and applying a conductive eutectic gel with excellent self-adhesion, self-healing, freeze resistance, high temperature resistance, moisture resistance, dryness resistance and mechanical strength.
[0037] To better understand the present invention, the following embodiments are provided for further detailed description of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described invention are also considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0038] Example 1 This embodiment provides a eutectic gel, which is prepared according to the following steps: Step 1: 2 g of Ti3AlC2 powder was placed in 20 mL of hydrofluoric acid solution and reacted for 24 h. After centrifugation and washing, the powder was dried under vacuum at 60 °C to obtain MXene powder material. The concentration of the hydrofluoric acid solution was 40 wt%, which is the most commonly used concentration in commercial products. Step 2: 1 g of MXene powder was dispersed in 25 mL of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution and stirred at room temperature for 24 h. After sonication for 1 h, centrifugation and washing, the powder was vacuum dried at 60 ℃ for 24 h to obtain tetrabutylammonium intercalated MXene nanosheets. The concentration of the tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution was 25 wt%, the most commonly used concentration in commercially available solutions. Step 3: Preparation of eutectic solvent: Mix 2.78 g of hydrogen bond acceptor tetrabutylammonium chloride and 3.00 g of hydrogen bond donor thymol, and stir at 80 °C until the solution is transparent and homogeneous. Remove and place at room temperature for later use. Step 4: Add 0.84 g of isobornyl methacrylate and 0.36 g of 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate monomers, 12 mg of crosslinking agent ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 24 mg of initiator diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, and 10 mg of MXene nanosheets intercalated with tetrabutylammonium as a modifier to 0.80 g of the eutectic solvent prepared in Step 3. After stirring evenly under light-protected conditions, the eutectic gel is prepared by photocrosslinking and curing under 365 nm ultraviolet light for 3 min.
[0039] The X-ray diffraction pattern of the MXene and tetrabutylammonium intercalated MXene nanosheets prepared in Example 1 of this invention is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the X-ray diffraction patterns of Ti3AlC2 and MXene reveal that after Ti3AlC2 reacts with hydrofluoric acid, the (104) peak near 39° disappears, indicating that Ti3AlC2 successfully etched away the A-layer aluminum atoms, yielding the MXene material. The X-ray diffraction pattern of tetrabutylammonium-intercalated MXene nanosheets shows that the (002) diffraction peak shifts to a smaller angle, from 9.0° to 6.0°, indicating that tetrabutylammonium ions were successfully inserted into the MXene interlayer.
[0040] like Figure 2As shown, the eutectic gel prepared in Example 1 of the present invention can withstand various movements such as torsion, torsion followed by stretching, bending, self-adhesion, self-adhesion followed by stretching, and curling, indicating that the eutectic gel has good flexibility.
[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the water contact angle of the eutectic gel prepared in Example 1 of the present invention is 63.2°, indicating that the eutectic gel has a certain degree of hydrophobicity and has the potential to be used in humid environments.
[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the eutectic gel prepared in Example 1 of this invention can adhere to substrates such as glass, metal, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polystyrene, exhibiting good adhesion properties and resistance to detachment. This excellent adhesion performance allows the gel to be used for adhering to various substrates, thereby expanding its application range.
[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, the eutectic gel prepared in Example 1 of the present invention has no obvious endothermic or exothermic peaks in the range of -80 ℃ to 100 ℃, indicating that the gel has the ability to withstand high and low temperatures.
[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, the eutectic gel prepared in Example 1 of the present invention does not show a significant decrease in maximum stress and strain under extreme drying conditions of 10% or extreme humidity conditions of 90%, indicating that the gel can maintain stable mechanical properties in different humidity environments.
[0045]
[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, the stress and strain of the eutectic gels prepared in Examples 8-10 are adjustable in the range of 0.078 MPa-9.47 MPa and 718%-231%, respectively. The process parameters can be adjusted according to different needs, which exceeds that of most eutectic gels.
[0047] Example 11 This embodiment provides a eutectic gel sensor, which is prepared according to the following steps: Step 1: 2 g of Ti3AlC2 powder was placed in 20 mL of hydrofluoric acid solution and reacted for 24 h. After centrifugation and washing, the powder was dried under vacuum at 60 °C to obtain MXene powder material. The concentration of the hydrofluoric acid solution was 40 wt%, which is the most commonly used concentration in commercial products. Step 2: 1 g of MXene powder was dispersed in 25 mL of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution and stirred at room temperature for 24 h. After sonication for 1 h, centrifugation and washing, the nanosheets were vacuum dried at 60 ℃ for 24 h to obtain tetrabutylammonium intercalated MXene nanosheets. The concentration of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide was 25 wt%, the most commonly used concentration in commercial products. Step 3: Preparation of eutectic solvent: Mix 2.78 g of hydrogen bond acceptor tetrabutylammonium chloride and 3.00 g of hydrogen bond donor thymol, and stir at 80 °C until the solution is transparent and homogeneous. Remove and place at room temperature for later use. Step 4: Add 0.84 g of isobornyl methacrylate and 0.36 g of 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate monomers, 12 mg of crosslinking agent ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 24 mg of initiator diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, and 10 mg of MXene nanosheets intercalated with tetrabutylammonium as a modifier to 0.80 g of eutectic solvent prepared in step 3. After stirring evenly under light-protected conditions, the eutectic gel is prepared by photocrosslinking and curing under 365 nm ultraviolet light for 3 min. Step 5: Fabrication of a flexible strain sensor: The two ends of a long strip of eutectic gel are connected by wire extension to assemble a flexible strain sensor based on the eutectic gel.
[0048] The eutectic gel is attached to the joint of the human body, and the extended end of the lead wire is connected to the electrochemical workstation. The parameters of the instrument are set, and the human joints are moved regularly: fingers, wrists, elbows, and knees. The curve of the relative resistance change of the eutectic gel during the movement of the human joint can be obtained from the instrument screen.
[0049] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the eutectic gel sensor prepared in Example 11 of this invention is attached to a human finger and its motion is monitored. The figure shows that as the finger bends regularly upwards and downwards, the eutectic gel can quickly detect the movement at the joint, converting the physical signal into an electrical signal. The curve clearly shows the change in the relative resistance of the gel, indicating that the sensor has good sensitivity to applied strain.
[0050] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a eutectic gel resistant to harsh environments, characterized in that, First, MXene was prepared by etching Ti3AlC2 with hydrofluoric acid. Then, MXene was modified by intercalation with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide to obtain tetrabutylammonium-intercalated MXene nanosheets. Subsequently, tetrabutylammonium chloride and thymol were used as raw materials. After mixing and heating, a eutectic solvent was obtained. Two monomers, isobornyl methacrylate and 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate, a crosslinking agent, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, an initiator, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, and a modifier, tetrabutylammonium-intercalated MXene nanosheets, were added to the eutectic solvent in sequence. After stirring evenly under light-protected conditions, the eutectic gel was prepared by photocrosslinking and curing under ultraviolet light.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the hydrofluoric acid solution is 40 wt%, and 2 g of Ti3AlC2 powder is added to every 15 mL-30 mL of hydrofluoric acid solution.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution is 25wt%, and 1 g of MXene powder is added to every 20 mL-40 mL of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen bond acceptor and hydrogen bond donor of the eutectic solvent are tetrabutylammonium chloride and thymol, respectively, and the molar ratio of tetrabutylammonium chloride to thymol is 1:
2. The heating temperature for preparing the eutectic solvent is 60 ℃-100 ℃.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, By mass fraction, isobornyl methacrylate accounts for 50 wt%-100 wt% of the total monomer mass, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate accounts for 0.3 wt%-2.0 wt% of the total monomer mass.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide was 0.1 wt% to 1.0 wt% of the total monomer mass.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tetrabutylammonium intercalated MXene nanosheets comprise 0 wt%–0.6 wt% of the total mass of the monomer and the eutectic solvent, by mass fraction.
8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultraviolet light irradiation time is 1 min to 10 min.
9. A eutectic gel prepared by the method described in claim 1, characterized in that, The eutectic gel is a stretchable, freeze-resistant, high-temperature resistant, moisture-resistant, and self-healing conductive eutectic gel.
10. An application of a eutectic gel prepared by the method described in claim 1 in flexible strain sensors, smart wearables, bionic electronic skin, medical health monitoring, or intelligent soft robots, capable of real-time monitoring of human motion signals, including finger bending, joint movement, and gait recognition.