Moisture-absorbing breathable polyamide fiber fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a moisture-absorbing breathable polyamide fiber fabric and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of polyamide fiber fabrics. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a nano silicon dioxide composite template agent, and blending the nano silicon dioxide composite template agent with chinlon slices to prepare modified master batches; after special-shaped hollow spinning and weaving, a pore-foaming agent is dissolved out through hot water treatment, and a porous structure is constructed in the fiber; then carrying out plasma activation on the fabric, and grafting monomers such as acrylic acid, acrylamide and stearyl methacrylate on the surface and in pores of the fiber by adopting a radiation grafting method to form a hydrophilic-hydrophobic dual-channel structure; then, pre-crosslinked composite particles prepared from chitosan, beta-cyclodextrin and the like are loaded in micropores of the fabric through a vacuum-positive pressure circulation process; and finally, treating by using a finishing liquid containing blocked isocyanate, and carrying out heat setting. The prepared fabric has high moisture absorption rate, large moisture absorption capacity and excellent wet air permeability, is washable and anti-yellowing, and is suitable for high-performance sports and outdoor clothes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nylon fiber fabric technology, specifically to a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Nylon fiber (polyamide fiber), as a high-performance synthetic fiber, is widely used in the textile and apparel industry due to its excellent breaking strength, abrasion resistance, elastic recovery, and fatigue resistance. It is particularly suitable for sportswear, underwear, and outdoor equipment—applications where high mechanical properties and wearing comfort are required. However, the lack of hydrophilic groups in the molecular structure of traditional nylon fiber results in a moisture absorption rate of only about 4.5% under standard conditions, and its breathability is also relatively limited. This inherent defect severely restricts its application in high-end functional fabrics. In actual wear, when the body sweats or is in a humid environment, traditional nylon fabrics struggle to quickly absorb sweat from the skin's surface, causing sweat to accumulate and adhere between the fabric and the skin, resulting in a noticeable stuffy and sticky feeling. Simultaneously, the lack of efficient air circulation channels within the fabric prevents the accumulated sweat from evaporating and dissipating quickly, further exacerbating discomfort and potentially causing skin allergies and other problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric and its preparation method, thereby solving the technical problems mentioned in the background section. The nylon fiber fabric prepared by this invention has excellent moisture absorption and breathability.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric includes the following steps:

[0006] (1) A composite template agent is prepared by mixing nano-silica, silane coupling agent and polyethylene glycol;

[0007] (2) The composite template agent, nylon chips, antioxidant and lubricant are melt-blended, extruded and granulated to obtain modified masterbatch, and the modified masterbatch is shaped and hollow spun to obtain shaped hollow nylon fiber.

[0008] (3) The irregular hollow nylon fiber and spandex yarn are woven into a fabric, and then the fabric is soaked in a refining agent to dissolve polyethylene glycol and form a porous structure inside the fiber.

[0009] (4) The fabric treated in step (3) is subjected to plasma treatment, and then immersed in a monomer solution containing acrylic acid, acrylamide, ferrous ammonium sulfate, sodium hypophosphite, stearyl methacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate to carry out radiation graft polymerization reaction.

[0010] (5) Chitosan, β-cyclodextrin, montmorillonite, glutaraldehyde and citric acid are mixed and treated to prepare pre-crosslinked composite particles;

[0011] (6) The pre-crosslinked composite particles, water-based polyurethane adhesive and penetrant are formulated into a dispersion, and the dispersion is loaded onto the grafted fabric in step (4) by alternating vacuum and positive pressure.

[0012] (7) The fabric treated in step (6) is treated with a finishing solution containing closed isocyanate and antioxidant, and then heat-set to obtain a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric.

[0013] In this invention, the principle for improving the air permeability of nylon fibers is as follows: First, a nano-anchored composite template agent is chemically bonded to the nylon matrix via twin-screw extrusion, preventing particle detachment during subsequent processing and providing stable support for pore formation. The segmented extraction pore-forming process utilizes the high-temperature solubility of PEG to completely dissolve it from the fiber interior, forming a connected micro / nano porous network. The in-situ retained nano-silica not only strengthens the pore wall structure but also further refines the pore distribution, increasing gas flow paths. In the spinning stage, a six-bladed star-shaped hollow spinneret undergoes high-ratio drawing and temperature-controlled cooling, causing the fiber to form a hollow, irregularly shaped cross-section, thus improving air permeability. It increases the internal ventilation space of the fiber itself, and the irregular structure allows the fibers to form natural ventilation grooves that are not in close contact. When woven with spandex, the fabric remains fluffy. The gaps between the fibers and the hollow channels and micro-nano porous networks inside the fibers are interconnected, forming a four-level ventilation structure of surface gaps, inter-fiber grooves, hollow fiber channels and internal microporous networks. This greatly reduces the resistance in the gas transmission process. At the same time, the high viscosity masterbatch and high draw ratio give the fiber excellent structural stability, ensuring that the ventilation channels do not collapse or become blocked in subsequent processing and use, achieving a significant and lasting improvement in ventilation performance.

[0014] Furthermore, the principle behind improving its hygroscopicity is as follows: First, plasma deep activation treatment not only etches the fiber surface but also generates a large number of active groups on its surface and the inner walls of micropores, significantly increasing the surface energy of the fabric and breaking the surface tension limitations of the water-based modifier and particle dispersion, allowing it to deeply penetrate into the finest pores of the fiber; then, a low-homogeneous co-irradiation grafting process forms a permanent hydrophilic hydrogel layer on the inner walls of the micropores, and a large number of sodium carboxylate hydrophilic groups are introduced through sodium salting treatment. These groups have extremely strong hydrophilicity and can quickly capture water vapor in the air or sweat on the skin surface. At the same time, the three-dimensional network structure of the hydrogel layer provides ample space for moisture storage; then, the pre-crosslinked submicron composite hygroscopic particles (a mixture of chitosan, β-cyclodextrin, and montmorillonite) are used. This technology solves the problem of traditional particles easily swelling and disintegrating. Through a vacuum-positive pressure cyclic loading process, the particles are forced into the deep pores of the fiber using pressure difference, increasing the particle load and achieving deep filling of the pores. This avoids the phenomenon of particles merely adhering to the surface of the fabric and floating powder. Finally, during the functional curing and temperature-controlled setting process, the dual cross-linking effect of the closed isocyanate and citric acid firmly fixes the moisture-absorbing particles in the pores, forming a synergistic moisture-absorbing system with the hydrophilic gel layer. The hydrogel layer quickly absorbs moisture, and the composite particles efficiently store moisture and promote the diffusion and evaporation of moisture to the fabric surface through the capillary effect of the micropores. At the same time, the washability remains stable after 50 washes, achieving a simultaneous improvement in moisture absorption rate, moisture absorption capacity, and moisture absorption durability.

[0015] Preferably, in step (1), the silane coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH-550;

[0016] The mass ratio of the nano-silica to the silane coupling agent is 20:(1-2).

[0017] Preferably, in step (1), the mass ratio of nano-silica to polyethylene glycol is 2:(7-9).

[0018] Preferably, in step (2), the mass ratio of nylon chips to composite template agent is 100:(10-15).

[0019] Preferably, in step (3), the mass ratio of the irregular hollow nylon fiber to the spandex filament is 94:(5-8).

[0020] Preferably, in step (3), the refining agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0021] 30-40 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 20-30 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 10-15 parts of sodium carbonate, 5-10 parts of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and 50-60 parts of deionized water.

[0022] Preferably, in step (4), the mass ratio of acrylic acid to acrylamide is 2:(0.5-1.0).

[0023] Preferably, in step (4), the mass ratio of stearyl methacrylate to trimethylolpropane triacrylate is 3:(1-2).

[0024] In experiments, this invention found that although the acrylic / chitosan hydrophilic components introduced on the fiber surface significantly increased the moisture absorption capacity, they would undergo severe volume swelling under moisture saturation, resulting in physical blockage of the constructed micro-nano breathable pores (swelling and pore-closing effect). Furthermore, the high surface energy of the pore walls easily adsorbed moisture to form a continuous water film, which used surface tension to block the gas transmission path (water film sealing effect), affecting the fabric's wet breathability and causing a severe stuffy and sticky feeling when worn. To further address this technical problem, this invention introduces trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) and stearyl methacrylate (SMA) into a hydrophilic grafting system. Utilizing the trifunctional properties of TMPTA, a high-density three-dimensional rigid cross-linked network is constructed within the hydrogel, acting as a skeleton to physically restrict excessive free volume expansion of the hydrophilic segments, ensuring the microporous structure does not collapse in a wet state. Simultaneously, the thermodynamic incompatibility of the C18 long aliphatic side chains of SMA with the hydrophilic matrix induces microscopic phase separation and side chain crystallization, self-assembling within the hydrophilic gel to form pervasive hydrophobic microchannels. This synergistic mechanism of TMPTA locking the skeleton and SMA guiding airflow successfully constructs a dual-channel structure within the micropores, where the hydrophilic region stores water and the hydrophobic region allows air to pass through. This completely solves the problem of poor wet breathability while maintaining excellent moisture absorption properties in the fabric.

[0025] Preferably, in step (5), the mass ratio of chitosan to β-cyclodextrin is 25:(10-15).

[0026] A moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric is prepared by the method described in the preceding claims.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. By using irregular hollow spinning and dissolution pore-forming technology, a micro-nano porous network is formed inside the fiber, and combined with inter-fiber grooves and hollow channels, a four-level air permeability system is formed, which significantly reduces gas transmission resistance and achieves a long-lasting and stable air permeability effect.

[0029] 2. By utilizing plasma activation and radiation grafting polymerization, a hydrophilic gel layer is immobilized on the inner wall of the fiber pores, and composite moisture-absorbing particles are loaded through vacuum-positive pressure cyclic loading to improve moisture absorption capacity and rate, and the performance remains stable even after multiple washes.

[0030] 3. Introducing hydrophobic components into the hydrophilic system, the cross-linking network inhibits excessive swelling after moisture absorption, while forming hydrophobic microchannels to prevent the pores from being blocked by the water film, thus solving the problem of poor breathability of traditional moisture-absorbing fabrics when wet and maintaining a dry feel. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a SEM image of the cross-section of the irregularly shaped hollow nylon FDY filament prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is the XPS spectrum of the moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 The image shows the XRD pattern of the moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric prepared in Example 1 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) By weight, 20 parts of nano silica (particle size 30nm) were put into a high-speed mixer, 1.8 parts of silane coupling agent KH-550 were added, and the mixture was heated to 110℃ and reacted for 30min. Then the treated silica was added to 85 parts of molten polyethylene glycol (PEG-20000), and the mixture was sheared and dispersed at 5000 r / min for 40min. After cooling and solidification, the mixture was cryogenically pulverized to obtain nano-anchored composite template powder with a particle size <5μm.

[0038] (2) By weight, take 100 parts of high-viscosity nylon 6 chips with a relative viscosity of 2.8, add 14 parts of composite template agent powder, 0.3 parts of hindered phenolic antioxidant 1098, 0.3 parts of phosphite antioxidant 168 and 0.3 parts of magnesium stearate, and mix evenly. Put the mixture into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion granulation. The temperature of each temperature zone is set as follows: 220℃, 230℃, 235℃, 242℃, 238℃, 235℃, to obtain modified masterbatch;

[0039] The modified masterbatch was vacuum dried at 105℃ for 12 hours and then fed into a spinning machine. The screw temperature was set to 245℃, the spinneret temperature to 250℃, and a six-bladed star-shaped hollow spinneret was used for melt spinning. The side-blowing air velocity was controlled at 0.8 m / s, the air temperature at 16℃, the draw ratio at 3.5, the hot roller temperature at 160℃, and the winding speed at 3200 m / min to produce profiled hollow nylon FDY filaments.

[0040] (3) The above-mentioned irregular hollow nylon fiber and 20D spandex yarn are woven on a weft knitting machine at a mass ratio of 94:7 to obtain a weight of 200g / m 2 The raw fabric.

[0041] The refining agent is prepared by weight of the following raw materials: 38 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9), 27 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), 14 parts of sodium carbonate, 9 parts of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-2Na), and 58 parts of deionized water.

[0042] Prepare an aqueous solution of the above refining agent with a concentration of 4 g / L. Place the billet in the solution at 98°C and treat for 45 min. After draining the solution, replace it with a fresh solution of the same temperature and concentration and treat for another 45 min. Finally, rinse thoroughly with hot water at 90°C and dry to form a micro-nano porous network.

[0043] (4) Take 82 parts of deionized water as solvent, add 12 parts of acrylic acid and 5 parts of acrylamide to dissolve, then add 0.03 parts of ferrous ammonium sulfate, 0.2 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 0.6 parts of stearyl methacrylate (SMA) and 0.35 parts of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), and disperse evenly by ultrasonic emulsification to obtain the grafting solution.

[0044] The fabric obtained in step (3) above was sent to a plasma treatment machine and treated at 120W for 4 minutes in an oxygen / nitrogen atmosphere. Then it was immersed in the grafting solution and subjected to cobalt-60 radiation under nitrogen protection, with a radiation dose of 20kGy. After the reaction was completed, it was soaked and washed with a sodium carbonate solution at pH=8.5.

[0045] (5) By weight, 25 parts of chitosan were dissolved in 1.5% acetic acid solution, 14 parts of β-cyclodextrin and 5 parts of montmorillonite were added and mixed evenly; 0.5 parts of glutaraldehyde were added and stirred at room temperature for 30 min to carry out pre-crosslinking; then 0.2 parts of citric acid were added. The mixture was homogenized under high pressure of 100 MPa 8 times and then spray-dried (inlet air 180℃ / outlet air 100℃) to obtain pre-crosslinked moisture-absorbing microspheres.

[0046] (6) By weight, take 6 parts of the above pre-crosslinked moisture-absorbing microspheres, 1.2 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 0.5 parts of penetrant JFC, and 92.3 parts of deionized water to prepare a dispersion. Immerse the fabric obtained in step (4) into the dispersion and perform three cycles of "vacuum (-0.095MPa) for 5 min - positive pressure (0.2MPa) for 5 min".

[0047] (7) Prepare the finishing solution by weight: 0.6 parts of blocked isocyanate, 0.4 parts of phosphite antioxidant (Irgafos168), and 99 parts of deionized water. Spray evenly onto the fabric surface, control the roll-off rate at 65%, and then send the fabric into a tenter frame for heat setting. Set the temperature to 175℃ and the time to 70s to obtain a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric includes the following steps:

[0050] (1) By weight, 20 parts of nano silica (particle size 30nm) were put into a high-speed mixer, 1.2 parts of silane coupling agent KH-550 were added, and the mixture was heated to 110℃ and reacted for 30min. Then the treated silica was added to 75 parts of molten polyethylene glycol (PEG-20000), and the mixture was sheared and dispersed at 5000 r / min for 40min. After cooling and solidification, the mixture was cryogenically pulverized to obtain nano-anchored composite template powder with a particle size <5μm.

[0051] (2) By weight, take 100 parts of high-viscosity nylon 6 chips with a relative viscosity of 2.8, add 12 parts of composite template agent powder, 0.3 parts of hindered phenolic antioxidant 1098, 0.3 parts of phosphite antioxidant 168 and 0.3 parts of magnesium stearate, and mix evenly. Put the mixture into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion granulation. The temperature of each temperature zone is set as follows: 220℃, 230℃, 235℃, 242℃, 238℃, 235℃, to obtain modified masterbatch;

[0052] The modified masterbatch was vacuum dried at 105℃ for 12 hours and then fed into a spinning machine. The screw temperature was set to 245℃, the spinneret temperature to 250℃, and a six-bladed star-shaped hollow spinneret was used for melt spinning. The side-blowing air velocity was controlled at 0.8 m / s, the air temperature at 16℃, the draw ratio at 3.5, the hot roller temperature at 160℃, and the winding speed at 3200 m / min to produce profiled hollow nylon FDY filaments.

[0053] (3) The above-mentioned irregular hollow nylon fiber and 20D spandex yarn are woven on a weft knitting machine at a mass ratio of 94:6 to obtain a weight of 200g / m 2 The raw fabric.

[0054] The refining agent is prepared by weight of the following raw materials: 33 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9), 22 parts sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), 11 parts sodium carbonate, 6 parts disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-2Na), and 52 parts deionized water.

[0055] Prepare an aqueous solution of the above refining agent with a concentration of 4 g / L. Place the billet in the solution at 98°C and treat for 45 min. After draining the solution, replace it with a fresh solution of the same temperature and concentration and treat for another 45 min. Finally, rinse thoroughly with hot water at 90°C and dry to form a micro-nano porous network.

[0056] (4) Take 82 parts of deionized water as solvent, add 12 parts of acrylic acid and 4 parts of acrylamide to dissolve, then add 0.03 parts of ferrous ammonium sulfate, 0.2 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 0.6 parts of stearyl methacrylate (SMA) and 0.25 parts of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), and disperse evenly by ultrasonic emulsification to obtain the grafting solution.

[0057] The fabric obtained in step (3) above was sent to a plasma treatment machine and treated at 120W for 4 minutes in an oxygen / nitrogen atmosphere. Then it was immersed in the grafting solution and subjected to cobalt-60 radiation under nitrogen protection, with a radiation dose of 20kGy. After the reaction was completed, it was soaked and washed with a sodium carbonate solution at pH=8.5.

[0058] (5) By weight, 25 parts of chitosan were dissolved in 1.5% acetic acid solution, 12 parts of β-cyclodextrin and 5 parts of montmorillonite were added and mixed evenly; 0.5 parts of glutaraldehyde were added and stirred at room temperature for 30 min to carry out pre-crosslinking; then 0.2 parts of citric acid were added. The mixture was homogenized under high pressure of 100 MPa 8 times and then spray-dried (inlet air 180℃ / outlet air 100℃) to obtain pre-crosslinked moisture-absorbing microspheres.

[0059] (6) By weight, take 6 parts of the above pre-crosslinked moisture-absorbing microspheres, 1.2 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 0.5 parts of penetrant JFC, and 92.3 parts of deionized water to prepare a dispersion. Immerse the fabric obtained in step (4) into the dispersion and perform three cycles of "vacuum (-0.095MPa) for 5 min - positive pressure (0.2MPa) for 5 min".

[0060] (7) Prepare the finishing solution by weight: 0.6 parts of blocked isocyanate, 0.4 parts of phosphite antioxidant (Irgafos168), and 99 parts of deionized water. Spray evenly onto the fabric surface, control the roll-off rate at 65%, and then send the fabric into a tenter frame for heat setting. Set the temperature to 175℃ and the time to 70s to obtain a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] A method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric includes the following steps:

[0063] (1) By weight, 20 parts of nano silica (particle size 30nm) were put into a high-speed mixer, 1.5 parts of silane coupling agent KH-550 were added, and the mixture was heated to 110℃ and reacted for 30min. Then the treated silica was added to 80 parts of molten polyethylene glycol (PEG-20000), and the mixture was sheared and dispersed at 5000 r / min for 40min. After cooling and solidification, the mixture was cryogenically pulverized to obtain nano-anchored composite template powder with a particle size <5μm.

[0064] (2) By weight, take 100 parts of high-viscosity nylon 6 chips with a relative viscosity of 2.8, add 13 parts of composite template agent powder, 0.3 parts of hindered phenolic antioxidant 1098, 0.3 parts of phosphite antioxidant 168 and 0.3 parts of magnesium stearate, and mix evenly. Put the mixture into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion granulation. The temperature of each temperature zone is set as follows: 220℃, 230℃, 235℃, 242℃, 238℃, 235℃, to obtain modified masterbatch;

[0065] The modified masterbatch was vacuum dried at 105℃ for 12 hours and then fed into a spinning machine. The screw temperature was set to 245℃, the spinneret temperature to 250℃, and a six-bladed star-shaped hollow spinneret was used for melt spinning. The side-blowing air velocity was controlled at 0.8 m / s, the air temperature at 16℃, the draw ratio at 3.5, the hot roller temperature at 160℃, and the winding speed at 3200 m / min to produce profiled hollow nylon FDY filaments.

[0066] (3) The above-mentioned irregular hollow nylon fiber and 20D spandex yarn are woven on a weft knitting machine at a mass ratio of 94:6.5 to obtain a weight of 200g / m 2 The raw fabric.

[0067] The refining agent is prepared by weight of the following raw materials: 35 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9), 25 parts sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), 13 parts sodium carbonate, 7 parts disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-2Na), and 55 parts deionized water.

[0068] Prepare an aqueous solution of the above refining agent with a concentration of 4 g / L. Place the billet in the solution at 98°C and treat for 45 min. After draining the solution, replace it with a fresh solution of the same temperature and concentration and treat for another 45 min. Finally, rinse thoroughly with hot water at 90°C and dry to form a micro-nano porous network.

[0069] (4) Take 82 parts of deionized water as solvent, add 12 parts of acrylic acid and 4.5 parts of acrylamide to dissolve, then add 0.03 parts of ferrous ammonium sulfate, 0.2 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 0.6 parts of stearyl methacrylate (SMA) and 0.3 parts of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), and disperse evenly by ultrasonic emulsification to obtain the grafting solution.

[0070] The fabric obtained in step (3) above was sent to a plasma treatment machine and treated at 120W for 4 minutes in an oxygen / nitrogen atmosphere. Then it was immersed in the grafting solution and subjected to cobalt-60 radiation under nitrogen protection, with a radiation dose of 20kGy. After the reaction was completed, it was soaked and washed with a sodium carbonate solution at pH=8.5.

[0071] (5) By weight, 25 parts of chitosan were dissolved in 1.5% acetic acid solution, 13 parts of β-cyclodextrin and 5 parts of montmorillonite were added and mixed evenly; 0.5 parts of glutaraldehyde were added and stirred at room temperature for 30 min to carry out pre-crosslinking; then 0.2 parts of citric acid were added. The mixture was homogenized under high pressure of 100 MPa 8 times and then spray-dried (inlet air 180℃ / outlet air 100℃) to obtain pre-crosslinked moisture-absorbing microspheres.

[0072] (6) By weight, take 6 parts of the above pre-crosslinked moisture-absorbing microspheres, 1.2 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 0.5 parts of penetrant JFC, and 92.3 parts of deionized water to prepare a dispersion. Immerse the fabric obtained in step (4) into the dispersion and perform three cycles of "vacuum (-0.095MPa) for 5 min - positive pressure (0.2MPa) for 5 min".

[0073] (7) Prepare the finishing solution by weight: 0.6 parts of blocked isocyanate, 0.4 parts of phosphite antioxidant (Irgafos168), and 99 parts of deionized water. Spray evenly onto the fabric surface, control the roll-off rate at 65%, and then send the fabric into a tenter frame for heat setting. Set the temperature to 175℃ and the time to 70s to obtain a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] A method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric includes the following steps:

[0076] (1) By weight, 20 parts of nano silica (particle size 30nm) were put into a high-speed mixer, 2 parts of silane coupling agent KH-550 were added, and the mixture was heated to 110℃ and reacted for 30min. Then the treated silica was added to 90 parts of molten polyethylene glycol (PEG-20000), and the mixture was sheared and dispersed at 5000 r / min for 40min. After cooling and solidification, the mixture was cryogenically pulverized to obtain nano-anchored composite template agent powder with a particle size <5μm.

[0077] (2) By weight, take 100 parts of high-viscosity nylon 6 chips with a relative viscosity of 2.8, add 15 parts of composite template agent powder, 0.3 parts of hindered phenolic antioxidant 1098, 0.3 parts of phosphite antioxidant 168 and 0.3 parts of magnesium stearate, and mix evenly. Put the mixture into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion granulation. The temperature of each temperature zone is set as follows: 220℃, 230℃, 235℃, 242℃, 238℃, 235℃, to obtain modified masterbatch;

[0078] The modified masterbatch was vacuum dried at 105℃ for 12 hours and then fed into a spinning machine. The screw temperature was set to 245℃, the spinneret temperature to 250℃, and a six-bladed star-shaped hollow spinneret was used for melt spinning. The side-blowing air velocity was controlled at 0.8 m / s, the air temperature at 16℃, the draw ratio at 3.5, the hot roller temperature at 160℃, and the winding speed at 3200 m / min to produce profiled hollow nylon FDY filaments.

[0079] (3) The above-mentioned irregular hollow nylon fiber and 20D spandex yarn are woven on a weft knitting machine at a mass ratio of 94:8 to obtain a weight of 200g / m 2 The raw fabric.

[0080] The refining agent is prepared by weight of the following raw materials: 40 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9), 30 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), 15 parts of sodium carbonate, 10 parts of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-2Na), and 60 parts of deionized water.

[0081] Prepare an aqueous solution of the above refining agent with a concentration of 4 g / L. Place the billet in the solution at 98°C and treat for 45 min. After draining the solution, replace it with a fresh solution of the same temperature and concentration and treat for another 45 min. Finally, rinse thoroughly with hot water at 90°C and dry to form a micro-nano porous network.

[0082] (4) Take 82 parts of deionized water as solvent, add 12 parts of acrylic acid and 6 parts of acrylamide to dissolve, then add 0.03 parts of ferrous ammonium sulfate, 0.2 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 0.6 parts of stearyl methacrylate (SMA) and 0.4 parts of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), and disperse evenly by ultrasonic emulsification to obtain the grafting solution.

[0083] The fabric obtained in step (3) above was sent to a plasma treatment machine and treated at 120W for 4 minutes in an oxygen / nitrogen atmosphere. Then it was immersed in the grafting solution and subjected to cobalt-60 radiation under nitrogen protection, with a radiation dose of 20kGy. After the reaction was completed, it was soaked and washed with a sodium carbonate solution at pH=8.5.

[0084] (5) By weight, 25 parts of chitosan were dissolved in 1.5% acetic acid solution, 15 parts of β-cyclodextrin and 5 parts of montmorillonite were added and mixed evenly; 0.5 parts of glutaraldehyde were added and stirred at room temperature for 30 min to carry out pre-crosslinking; then 0.2 parts of citric acid were added. The mixture was homogenized under high pressure of 100 MPa 8 times and then spray-dried (inlet air 180℃ / outlet air 100℃) to obtain pre-crosslinked moisture-absorbing microspheres.

[0085] (6) By weight, take 6 parts of the above pre-crosslinked moisture-absorbing microspheres, 1.2 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 0.5 parts of penetrant JFC, and 92.3 parts of deionized water to prepare a dispersion. Immerse the fabric obtained in step (4) into the dispersion and perform three cycles of "vacuum (-0.095MPa) for 5 min - positive pressure (0.2MPa) for 5 min".

[0086] (7) Prepare the finishing solution by weight: 0.6 parts of blocked isocyanate, 0.4 parts of phosphite antioxidant (Irgafos168), and 99 parts of deionized water. Spray evenly onto the fabric surface, control the roll-off rate at 65%, and then send the fabric into a tenter frame for heat setting. Set the temperature to 175℃ and the time to 70s to obtain a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric.

[0087] Example 5

[0088] A method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric includes the following steps:

[0089] (1) By weight, 20 parts of nano silica (particle size 30nm) were put into a high-speed mixer, 1 part of silane coupling agent KH-550 was added, and the temperature was raised to 110℃ and reacted for 30min; then the treated silica was added to 70 parts of molten polyethylene glycol (PEG-20000), and the mixture was sheared and dispersed at 5000 r / min for 40min. After cooling and solidification, the mixture was cryogenically pulverized to obtain nano-anchored composite template agent powder with a particle size <5μm.

[0090] (2) By weight, take 100 parts of high-viscosity nylon 6 chips with a relative viscosity of 2.8, add 10 parts of composite template agent powder, 0.3 parts of hindered phenolic antioxidant 1098, 0.3 parts of phosphite antioxidant 168 and 0.3 parts of magnesium stearate, and mix evenly. Put the mixture into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion granulation. The temperature of each temperature zone is set as follows: 220℃, 230℃, 235℃, 242℃, 238℃, 235℃, to obtain modified masterbatch;

[0091] The modified masterbatch was vacuum dried at 105℃ for 12 hours and then fed into a spinning machine. The screw temperature was set to 245℃, the spinneret temperature to 250℃, and a six-bladed star-shaped hollow spinneret was used for melt spinning. The side-blowing air velocity was controlled at 0.8 m / s, the air temperature at 16℃, the draw ratio at 3.5, the hot roller temperature at 160℃, and the winding speed at 3200 m / min to produce profiled hollow nylon FDY filaments.

[0092] (3) The above-mentioned irregular hollow nylon fiber and 20D spandex yarn are woven on a weft knitting machine at a mass ratio of 94:5 to obtain a weight of 200g / m 2 The raw fabric.

[0093] The refining agent is prepared by weight of the following raw materials: 30 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9), 20 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), 10 parts of sodium carbonate, 5 parts of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-2Na), and 50 parts of deionized water.

[0094] Prepare an aqueous solution of the above refining agent with a concentration of 4 g / L. Place the billet in the solution at 98°C and treat for 45 min. After draining the solution, replace it with a fresh solution of the same temperature and concentration and treat for another 45 min. Finally, rinse thoroughly with hot water at 90°C and dry to form a micro-nano porous network.

[0095] (4) Take 82 parts of deionized water as solvent, add 12 parts of acrylic acid and 3 parts of acrylamide to dissolve, then add 0.03 parts of ferrous ammonium sulfate, 0.2 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 0.6 parts of stearyl methacrylate (SMA) and 0.2 parts of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), and disperse evenly by ultrasonic emulsification to obtain the grafting solution.

[0096] The fabric obtained in step (3) above was sent to a plasma treatment machine and treated at 120W for 4 minutes in an oxygen / nitrogen atmosphere. Then it was immersed in the grafting solution and subjected to cobalt-60 radiation under nitrogen protection, with a radiation dose of 20kGy. After the reaction was completed, it was soaked and washed with a sodium carbonate solution at pH=8.5.

[0097] (5) By weight, 25 parts of chitosan were dissolved in 1.5% acetic acid solution, 10 parts of β-cyclodextrin and 5 parts of montmorillonite were added and mixed evenly; 0.5 parts of glutaraldehyde were added and stirred at room temperature for 30 min to carry out pre-crosslinking; then 0.2 parts of citric acid were added. The mixture was homogenized under high pressure of 100 MPa 8 times and then spray-dried (inlet air 180℃ / outlet air 100℃) to obtain pre-crosslinked moisture-absorbing microspheres.

[0098] (6) By weight, take 6 parts of the above pre-crosslinked moisture-absorbing microspheres, 1.2 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 0.5 parts of penetrant JFC, and 92.3 parts of deionized water to prepare a dispersion. Immerse the fabric obtained in step (4) into the dispersion and perform three cycles of "vacuum (-0.095MPa) for 5 min - positive pressure (0.2MPa) for 5 min".

[0099] (7) Prepare the finishing solution by weight: 0.6 parts of blocked isocyanate, 0.4 parts of phosphite antioxidant (Irgafos168), and 99 parts of deionized water. Spray evenly onto the fabric surface, control the roll-off rate at 65%, and then send the fabric into a tenter frame for heat setting. Set the temperature to 175℃ and the time to 70s to obtain a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric.

[0100] Comparative Example 1: The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that no composite template powder is added in step 2, that is, no porous structure is formed inside the fiber.

[0101] Comparative Example 2: The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that steps 4-6 are omitted, that is, the hydrophilic gel layer and moisture-absorbing particles are not fixed on the inner wall of the fiber pores.

[0102] Comparative Example 3: The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that step 4 is omitted and stearyl methacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate are not added.

[0103] Performance testing:

[0104] 1. Moisture Absorption Rate Test: According to GB / T 21655.1-2023 "Evaluation of Moisture Absorption and Quick-Drying Properties of Textiles - Part 1: Single Combination Test Method", fabric samples from each example and comparative example were cut into 10cm×10cm square specimens and vacuum dried at 105℃ to constant weight (mass recorded as m0). The specimens were then suspended in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25℃ and 65% relative humidity for 24 hours to equilibrate. After removal, the mass was quickly weighed (recorded as m1). The moisture absorption rate was calculated using the formula: Moisture Absorption Rate (%) = (m1-m0) / m0×100%. Each group of samples was tested in parallel three times, and the average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0105] 2. According to GB / T 21655.1-2023 "Evaluation of the moisture absorption and quick-drying properties of textiles - Part 1: Single-item combination test method", the fabric sample was fixed on a horizontal test platform. At a distance of 10 mm from the sample surface, 0.2 mL of deionized water (25℃) was added to the center of the sample using a pipette. The time from the water droplet contacting the sample surface to complete diffusion (no visible water droplets) was recorded using a stopwatch. Each group of samples was tested in parallel 5 times, and the average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0106] 3. Dry air permeability test: According to GB / T 5453-1997 "Textiles - Determination of air permeability of fabrics", circular fabric samples with a diameter of 12.7 cm were cut and installed on the test head of the air permeability meter. The test pressure difference was set to 100 Pa. The air permeability of the fabric in a dry state (without moisture absorption treatment) was tested, and the volume of gas passing through a unit area of ​​fabric per unit time was calculated, i.e., the dry air permeability (mm / s). Each group of samples was tested in parallel 5 times, and the average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0107] 4. Wet air permeability test: First, immerse the fabric sample in 25℃ deionized water until it is saturated with moisture. After removing it, use filter paper to absorb the surface water (ensuring the sample is wet but not dripping). Immediately conduct the test according to GB / T 5453-1997 "Textiles - Determination of Air Permeability of Fabrics". Set the test pressure difference to 100Pa and calculate the air permeability (mm / s) under wet conditions. Each group of samples was tested in parallel for 5 times, and the average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0108] 5. Washability test: According to GB / T 8629-2017 "Home washing and drying procedures for testing textiles", the samples were washed 50 times in a household washing machine (washing temperature 40℃, washing time 30min, liquor ratio 1:50, using standard detergent). After washing, the samples were air-dried naturally. Then, the moisture absorption rate and wet air permeability were tested according to the above-mentioned test methods. The moisture absorption rate retention rate (%) after 50 washes was determined as (moisture absorption rate after washing / moisture absorption rate before washing) × 100%. Each group of samples was tested in parallel for 3 times, and the average value was taken.

[0109] 6. According to GB / T 3923.1-2013 "Textiles - Tensile Properties of Fabrics - Part 1: Determination of Breaking Strength and Elongation at Break - Strip Method", fabric samples with warp and weft dimensions of 30cm × 5cm were cut, the clamping distance was set to 20cm, the tensile speed was 100mm / min, and the maximum strength (breaking strength, N) at break of the sample was tested. Each group of samples underwent 5 parallel tests in both the warp and weft directions, and the average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0110] Table 1:

[0111] Moisture absorption rate (%) Water droplet diffusion time (s) Dry air permeability (mm / s) Wet air permeability (mm / s) Moisture retention rate (%) Fracture strength (radial, N) Fracture strength (latitudinal, N) Example 1 21.3 1.0 896 832 94.3 392 378 Example 2 19.8 1.2 860 797 93.2 383 371 Example 3 20.5 1.4 879 815 93.9 389 375 Example 4 22.3 0.9 912 856 94.7 398 381 Example 5 18.2 1.5 841 382 92.8 380 365 Comparative Example 1 8.7 6.3 412 324 91.2 375 361 Comparative Example 2 4.8 9.2 887 826 90.5 390 376 Comparative Example 3 20.9 1.1 891 413 88.6 389 373

[0112] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) A composite template agent is prepared by mixing nano-silica, silane coupling agent and polyethylene glycol; (2) The composite template agent, nylon chips, antioxidant and lubricant are melt-blended, extruded and granulated to obtain modified masterbatch, and the modified masterbatch is shaped and hollow spun to obtain shaped hollow nylon fiber. (3) The irregular hollow nylon fiber and spandex yarn are woven into a fabric, and then the fabric is soaked in a refining agent to dissolve polyethylene glycol and form a porous structure inside the fiber. (4) The fabric treated in step (3) is subjected to plasma treatment, and then immersed in a monomer solution containing acrylic acid, acrylamide, ferrous ammonium sulfate, sodium hypophosphite, stearyl methacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate to carry out radiation graft polymerization reaction. (5) Chitosan, β-cyclodextrin, montmorillonite, glutaraldehyde and citric acid are mixed and treated to prepare pre-crosslinked composite particles; (6) The pre-crosslinked composite particles, water-based polyurethane adhesive and penetrant are formulated into a dispersion, and the dispersion is loaded onto the grafted fabric in step (4) by alternating vacuum and positive pressure. (7) The fabric treated in step (6) is treated with a finishing solution containing closed isocyanate and antioxidant, and then heat-set to obtain a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric.

2. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the silane coupling agent selected is silane coupling agent KH-550; The mass ratio of the nano-silica to the silane coupling agent is 20:(1-2).

3. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the mass ratio of nano-silica to polyethylene glycol is 2:(7-9).

4. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the mass ratio of nylon chips to composite template agent is 100:(10-15).

5. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the mass ratio of irregular hollow nylon fiber to spandex filament is 94:(5-8).

6. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the refining agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 20-30 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 10-15 parts of sodium carbonate, 5-10 parts of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and 50-60 parts of deionized water.

7. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the mass ratio of acrylic acid to acrylamide is 2:(0.5-1.0).

8. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the mass ratio of stearyl methacrylate to trimethylolpropane triacrylate is 3:(1-2).

9. The method for preparing a moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (5), the mass ratio of chitosan to β-cyclodextrin is 25:(10-15).

10. A moisture-wicking and breathable nylon fiber fabric, characterized in that, It is prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1 to 9 above.

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