Contrast agent extravasation monitoring wrist strap integrated with temperature and pressure sensing

Abstract

The invention discloses a contrast agent extravasation monitoring wrist strap integrated with temperature and pressure sensing, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments, the contrast agent extravasation monitoring wrist strap comprises a control panel, a sensor assembly, a first wrist strap and a second wrist strap, the inner side wall of the first wrist strap and the inner side wall of the second wrist strap are each provided with a plurality of first temperature sensors and a plurality of first pressure sensors, a processing unit and a memory are arranged in the control panel; according to the contrast agent extravasation monitoring wrist strap integrated with temperature and pressure sensing, through the arrangement of the processing unit, the first temperature and pressure sensors arranged in a distributed mode, a dynamic baseline calibration algorithm and a three-color indicator lamp, a puncture part can be actively and continuously monitored, intelligent judgment is carried out based on an individualized physiological baseline, and the contrast agent extravasation monitoring wrist strap integrated with temperature and pressure sensing is more accurate. Therefore, early discovery and risk grading of extravasation of the contrast agent are realized. The traditional passive observation depending on the subjective feeling of a patient is converted into active, objective and quantitative electronic monitoring, and the risk of serious tissue damage caused by untimely discovery is remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband with integrated temperature and pressure sensing. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the rapid development of medical imaging technology has greatly promoted the widespread application of contrast agents in clinical diagnosis. Especially in high-precision imaging examinations such as enhanced CT scans and MRI imaging, contrast agents have become a key element in improving diagnostic accuracy. However, with the increased use of contrast agents, the complication of contrast agent extravasation has become increasingly prominent. It may cause serious damage to local tissues, affecting patient prognosis and medical quality. At present, the monitoring of contrast agent extravasation in clinical practice mainly relies on regular rounds and subjective assessments by medical staff, combined with patient feedback on discomfort.

[0003] However, existing monitoring methods have a significant drawback: they cannot achieve early, objective, and quantitative monitoring of contrast agent extravasation. Specifically, because the initial symptoms of contrast agent extravasation may be mild and nonspecific, healthcare professionals find it difficult to identify extravasation events promptly and accurately through visual observation or routine palpation, especially during periods of weak monitoring, such as when patients cannot effectively express their discomfort or at night. Furthermore, individual differences among patients lead to diverse extravasation responses, further increasing the difficulty and uncertainty of subjective assessment. This manual, non-quantitative monitoring method not only increases the workload of healthcare professionals but may also cause unnecessary tissue damage to patients due to untimely monitoring. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband with integrated temperature and pressure sensing, in order to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot achieve early, objective and quantitative monitoring of contrast agent extravasation, which leads to untimely detection of extravasation and increases the risk of tissue damage to patients.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband integrating temperature and pressure sensors, comprising a control panel, a sensor assembly, a first wristband, and a second wristband. Multiple first temperature sensors and first pressure sensors are installed on the inner sidewalls of both the first and second wristbands. The control panel includes a processing unit and a memory. The processing unit is configured to execute the following monitoring method:

[0006] S1, Dynamic Baseline Calibration: After the monitoring mode is activated, control the continuous acquisition time of all first temperature and first pressure sensors. The data were analyzed, and their arithmetic mean was calculated to serve as the individualized initial temperature baseline. and initial pressure baseline ;

[0007] S2. Cyclic Monitoring and Trend Calculation: Entering the main monitoring cycle, in each sampling period... Inside:

[0008] Acquire current readings from all sensors and calculate the current average temperature. and current average pressure ;

[0009] Calculate the temperature change and pressure change ;

[0010] S3, Intelligent Hierarchical Decision Making: The calculated... and The comparison is performed against a preset threshold, and an alarm is triggered based on the following logic:

[0011] when and When this occurs, a low-risk alert is triggered;

[0012] when and At that time, a high-risk alert is triggered;

[0013] in, , .

[0014] Furthermore, a transmitter and multiple indicator lights of different colors are installed on the top of the control panel. When a low-risk alarm is triggered, the processing unit controls the indicator lights to emit yellow light; when a high-risk alarm is triggered, the indicator lights control the indicator lights to emit red light; and when the system is in normal monitoring mode, the indicator lights display green light.

[0015] Furthermore, the monitoring method further includes, after S3:

[0016] S4, Baseline Adaptive Update: When detected... and The absolute value of each value remains below its respective lower threshold for more than a preset duration. At that time, the processing unit uses the most recent Data within the time period, for and Updates are made to accommodate the slow changes in the patient's physiological state.

[0017] Furthermore, one end of the wire is electrically connected to a second terminal board, and a third wristband and a fourth wristband are connected to the second terminal board. Multiple sets of second temperature sensors and second pressure sensors are installed on the inner sidewalls of the third wristband and the fourth wristband. The first temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the second pressure sensor together constitute a distributed sensor network.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S2, the monitoring method also performs local anomaly region localization for the distributed sensor network: in each sampling period, the temperature change of each sensing unit in the sensor network is independently calculated. and pressure change ; Identify those that meet the requirements and The sensing units are identified and marked as abnormal units; when adjacent abnormal units form a continuous area, the area is determined to be the core area where extravasation occurs.

[0019] Furthermore, the processing unit sends the location information of the extravasation core area to an external display device through the transmitter, and highlights it on the graphical interface of the device.

[0020] Furthermore, the sensor assembly includes an optical locator; during the wearing phase, the processing unit controls the optical locator to project a visible light spot onto the inside of the wristband, guiding medical personnel to align the monitoring center of the wristband with the patient's venous puncture point.

[0021] Furthermore, the electrical connection structure at both ends of the conductor is a magnetic contact connector, including a first contact plate disposed on the back of the control panel and a first contact rod disposed on its inner wall, as well as a second contact rod disposed on one end of the conductor and a second contact plate disposed on the other end.

[0022] Furthermore, prior to S1, the processing unit also performs wearing status detection: continuously reading data from the first pressure sensor; if all readings are below a very small pressure threshold... Time of arrival If the reading is higher than the indicated value, it will be determined that the wristband is not worn correctly, and a flashing green indicator light will be used to indicate this; when the reading is higher than the indicated value, it will be considered that the wristband is not worn correctly. At that time, it will automatically enter S1.

[0023] Furthermore, a flexible cushioning pad is provided on the inner side of the first wristband and the second wristband. The sensing surfaces of the first temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor are flush with the inner surface of the cushioning pad. The pressure dispersion characteristics of the cushioning pad ensure that the readings of the local pressure sensors reflect tissue swelling rather than the binding of the straps.

[0024] Compared with existing technologies, the contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband integrated with temperature and pressure sensors provided by this invention, through a processing unit, distributed first temperature and pressure sensors, a dynamic baseline calibration algorithm, and a three-color indicator light, can actively and continuously monitor the puncture site and make intelligent judgments based on individualized physiological baselines, thereby achieving early detection and risk grading of contrast agent extravasation. It transforms traditional passive observation, which relies on the patient's subjective feelings, into an active, objective, and quantitative electronic monitoring system, significantly reducing the risk of serious tissue damage due to delayed detection.

[0025] By adding an optical locator to the sensor assembly, introducing a baseline adaptive update algorithm into the processing unit, and employing a magnetic contact connector, the three major issues of monitoring accuracy, long-term stability, and ease of use have been further addressed. Optical positioning ensures optimal alignment between the sensor network and the puncture point, baseline adaptive updating overcomes false alarms caused by patient status drift, and the magnetic connection simplifies the operation process, thereby collectively improving the reliability, user experience, and clinical applicability of the entire monitoring system.

[0026] By adding an extended wristband component to build a wider-coverage distributed sensor network and integrating a local anomaly area localization algorithm into the processing unit, the system leaps from "monitoring alarm" to "location alarm." By analyzing spatial differences in data within the sensor network, the system can accurately determine the core area where extravasation occurs and transmit the location information to a remote terminal for visualization. This allows medical staff to accurately locate the extravasation point immediately, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of emergency response and providing a higher level of protection for patient safety. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first junction box structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second junction box structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the conductor structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor assembly structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 1. Control panel; 2. Sensor assembly; 3. First wristband; 4. Second wristband; 5. First temperature sensor; 6. First pressure sensor; 7. Transmitter; 8. Indicator light; 9. First terminal board; 10. First terminal pole; 11. Wire; 12. Second terminal board; 13. Third wristband; 14. Fourth wristband; 15. Second temperature sensor; 16. Second pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 5 As shown:

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] This invention provides a contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband with integrated temperature and pressure sensors, comprising a control panel 1, a sensor assembly 2, a first wristband 3, and a second wristband 4. Multiple first temperature sensors 5 and first pressure sensors 6 are installed on the inner walls of both the first wristband 3 and the second wristband 4. The control panel 1 includes a processing unit and a memory. The processing unit is configured to perform the following monitoring methods:

[0039] S1. Dynamic baseline calibration: After the monitoring mode is activated, control the continuous acquisition time of all first temperature sensors 5 and first pressure sensors 6. The data were analyzed, and their arithmetic mean was calculated to serve as the individualized initial temperature baseline. and initial pressure baseline ;

[0040] S2. Cyclic Monitoring and Trend Calculation: Entering the main monitoring cycle, in each sampling period... Inside:

[0041] Acquire current readings from all sensors and calculate the current average temperature. and current average pressure ;

[0042] Calculate the temperature change and pressure change ;

[0043] S3, Intelligent Hierarchical Decision Making: The calculated... and The comparison is performed against a preset threshold, and an alarm is triggered based on the following logic:

[0044] when and When this occurs, a low-risk alert is triggered;

[0045] when and At that time, a high-risk alert is triggered;

[0046] in, , .

[0047] The top of the control panel 1 is equipped with a transmitter 7 and multiple indicator lights 8 of different colors. When a low-risk alarm is triggered, the processing unit controls indicator lights 8 to emit a yellow light; when a high-risk alarm is triggered, it controls indicator lights 8 to emit a red light; and when the system is in normal monitoring mode, indicator lights 8 display a green light. Before S1, the processing unit also performs wear status detection: continuously reading the data from the first pressure sensor 6; if all readings are below a minimum pressure threshold... Time of arrival If the reading is higher than the indicated value, it will be determined that the wristband is not worn correctly, and a flashing green light on indicator light 8 will be used to indicate this; When the time comes, it automatically enters S1. The inner sides of the first wristband 3 and the second wristband 4 are provided with a flexible cushioning pad. The sensing surfaces of the first temperature sensor 5 and the first pressure sensor 6 are flush with the inner surface of the cushioning pad. The pressure dispersion characteristics of the cushioning pad ensure that the reading of the local pressure sensor 6 reflects tissue swelling rather than the binding of the strap.

[0048] The control panel 1 internally houses a printed circuit board that integrates a processing unit (a low-power ARM Cortex-M series microcontroller) and memory (an SPI Flash or the MCU's built-in EEPROM). The processing unit is responsible for acquiring, calculating, performing logical judgments, and issuing control commands for all sensor data. The memory stores the computer program and preset alarm thresholds. This includes baseline and temporary data generated during the calculation process. The housing of control panel 1 is made of medical-grade ABS plastic, providing sufficient protection and facilitating cleaning and sterilization.

[0049] Sensor assembly 2 mainly refers to a sensor interface and signal conditioning circuit encapsulated at the bottom of control panel 1 and connected to the internal circuitry. It is responsible for providing a stable operating voltage to the sensor on the wristband, and for initially amplifying and filtering the analog signal from the sensor before converting it into a digital signal for the processing unit to read.

[0050] The first wristband 3 and the second wristband 4 are made of highly elastic, breathable medical-grade fabric (such as a nylon / spandex blend) with flexible conductive circuitry (such as an FPC flexible circuit board) woven inside. The first temperature sensor 5 uses multiple negative temperature coefficient thermistors, which are distributed in an array and embedded in the inner wall of the first and second wristbands. This distribution is to obtain temperature information on one surface of the puncture area, rather than a single point, thus improving monitoring reliability. Its measurement accuracy is preferably ±0.1℃, and the response time is less than 1 second. The first pressure sensor 6 uses multiple flexible piezoresistive thin-film pressure sensors. They are also distributed in an array and placed next to the temperature sensor 5. These sensors are sensitive to minute pressure changes and are used to detect the minute deformations caused by tissue swelling due to contrast agent extravasation. Its measurement range is preferably 0-10 kPa to meet the measurement range of slight swelling in human tissue. The first Velcro is located on the outside of the wristband and uses a hook and loop design to achieve a secure and adjustable fixation of the wristband after it is wrapped around the limb.

[0051] Transmitter 7, integrated at the top of control panel 1, can be a Bluetooth Low Energy module. Its function is to wirelessly transmit alarm information (type, time, sensor data) to the central monitoring system at the nurse station or the nurse's mobile terminal when an alarm is triggered, enabling remote alarm control. Indicator 8 consists of multiple surface-mount LEDs encapsulated under a transparent light cover at the top of control panel 1. It includes three colors: green, yellow, and red, representing the system's normal / monitoring status, low-risk alarm status, and high-risk alarm status, respectively.

[0052] The flexible cushioning pad is made of porous, hypoallergenic medical-grade silicone or polyurethane foam and is fixed to the inside of the first and second wristbands, completely covering the sensor.

[0053] The monitoring method is implemented by the processing unit executing a program stored in memory, and its process is as follows:

[0054] S0, Wearing Status Detection:

[0055] The processing unit controls all the first pressure sensors 6 to perform periodic sampling (e.g., once per second).

[0056] Judgment logic: If, within N=5 consecutive sampling periods, the readings of all pressure sensors are below a preset minimum pressure threshold... (For example, 0.05 kPa, which is approximately equal to the pressure generated by the weight of the wristband itself), then the system determines that it is not worn correctly.

[0057] Feedback: At this time, the processing unit controls the green indicator light 8 to flash slowly at a frequency of once per second, prompting medical staff to "Please wear the wristband".

[0058] Once any pressure sensor reading exceeds The system immediately determined that the item was being worn and automatically proceeded to the next step.

[0059] S1, Dynamic Baseline Calibration:

[0060] The system enters the baseline establishment phase. The processing unit controls all first temperature sensors 5 and first pressure sensors 6 to begin high-speed data acquisition (e.g., 10 times per second).

[0061] A built-in timer starts working and lasts for a specified duration. Second.

[0062] During these 30 seconds, the system will collect approximately 300 sets of data. After the timer ends, the processing unit will perform the following calculations:

[0063] Temperature baseline The arithmetic mean of all readings from all temperature sensors over these 30 seconds.

[0064] Pressure baseline The arithmetic mean of all readings from all pressure sensors over these 30 seconds.

[0065] The calculated and Stored in memory. Once complete, green indicator light 8 will turn solid, indicating that the system baseline has been established and normal monitoring has commenced.

[0066] S2. Cyclic Monitoring and Trend Calculation:

[0067] The system enters the main loop, with a fixed sampling period. It takes seconds to start working.

[0068] Within each cycle:

[0069] Acquire current readings from all sensors and calculate the current average temperature. and current average pressure .

[0070] Perform core calculations:

[0071] Temperature change ;

[0072] Pressure change .

[0073] Step S3, Intelligent Hierarchical Decision Making:

[0074] The processing unit will calculate and The comparison is performed against preset thresholds stored in memory. These thresholds are preferably:

[0075] , ;

[0076] , .

[0077] Decision-making logic:

[0078] Scenario A (Normal): If and The system remains in a stable state, with the green indicator light 8 constantly on.

[0079] Scenario B (Low Risk Alert): If and This triggers a low-risk alarm. This signal indicates a significant change in local temperature, but no obvious swelling has yet formed, which may be in the very early stages of extravasation or due to cold stimulation of blood vessels. The system controls the yellow indicator light 8 to remain constantly lit and sends a "low-risk extravasation warning" message via transmitter 7.

[0080] Scenario C (High Risk Alert): If but This triggers a high-risk alarm. This signal clearly indicates not only a sudden temperature change but also that the tissue has begun to swell, confirming extravasation. The system controls the red indicator light 8 to flash at a high frequency (e.g., 3 times per second) and sends a "high-risk extravasation alarm" message via transmitter 7.

[0081] Example 2:

[0082] This embodiment is basically the same as the previous embodiment, except that the monitoring method includes the following after S3:

[0083] S4, Baseline Adaptive Update: When detected... and The absolute value of each value remains below its respective lower threshold for more than a preset duration. At that time, the processing unit uses the most recent Data within the time period, for and To adapt to the slow changes in the patient's physiological state, the sensor assembly 2 includes an optical locator. During the wearing phase, the processing unit controls the optical locator to project a visible light spot onto the inside of the wristband to guide medical personnel to align the monitoring center of the wristband with the patient's venous puncture point. The electrical connection structure at both ends of the wire 11 is a magnetic contact connector, including a first electrical contact plate 9 and a first electrical contact rod 10 disposed on the back of the control panel 1 and its inner wall, as well as a second electrical contact rod disposed at one end of the wire 11 and a second electrical contact plate 12 disposed at the other end.

[0084] In sensor assembly 2, in addition to the basic signal conditioning circuit, a low-power LED (a 5mm diameter amber LED) and a simple light guide or lens system are integrated. This optical system is precisely fixed to the bottom of control panel 1, and its light path is designed to emit vertically downwards from a small hole above the connection between the first wristband 3 and the second wristband 4.

[0085] Function: When activated, the light emitted by the LED passes through the light guide hole and projects a clear, focused circular spot of light (approximately 1-2 cm in diameter) onto the patient's arm skin when the patient wears the wristband. This spot serves as a visual reference.

[0086] Operating Mode: The optical locator can be controlled by a separate touch switch, or it can automatically light up for a few seconds after the system is powered on and passes the wear detection, facilitating alignment by nurses. To save power, it can automatically turn off after alignment is complete.

[0087] Magnetic contact connector:

[0088] Composition: This connector consists of two parts:

[0089] The socket end is located on the back of the control panel 1, i.e., the first electrical contact plate 9. It contains several (e.g., four) gold-plated spring pins, which serve as the first electrical contact rods 10. Around the pins, multiple neodymium iron boron permanent magnets are arranged in a ring, with the magnetic poles (e.g., the N pole) facing outwards.

[0090] Plug end: Located at one end of wire 11. Its outer shell corresponds to the shape of the first contact plate 9, and inside there are gold-plated metal contacts that correspond exactly to the position and number of spring pins. Around the contacts, magnets of opposite polarity (such as the S pole) are arranged in a ring.

[0091] Working principle and advantages: When the plug approaches the socket, the opposite pole magnets attract each other, generating a strong magnetic force that automatically "attracts" the plug into the correct position, ensuring precise and reliable contact between all spring pins and metal contacts during this process. This "blind insertion" design greatly simplifies the connection process of expansion components, making it ideal for the needs of rapid clinical operation. Simultaneously, a slight lateral pull is sufficient to separate it, preventing damage to equipment or tripping over patients due to accidental pulling.

[0092] Software upgrades for processing units and memory: To support the baseline adaptive update function, the corresponding algorithm module needs to be added to the program of the processing unit, and space needs to be reserved in the memory to store the time variables and temporary data required by the judgment logic.

[0093] Optical positioning and wearing process optimization: When nurses put wristbands on patients, they should trigger the optical positioning device (e.g., by pressing a dedicated button) before wrapping the wristband around the patient's arm.

[0094] At this point, the light spot will be projected onto the intended puncture area on the patient's arm (usually the forearm).

[0095] The nurse fine-tuned the position of the wristband so that the light spot landed precisely above the puncture point of the established intravenous catheter.

[0096] After alignment, wrap the wristband around the arm and secure it with Velcro. This step ensures that the geometric center of the distributed sensor array is aligned with the highest-risk puncture point, thereby maximizing the monitoring effectiveness of the sensor network and solving the clinical pain point of "inaccurate placement".

[0097] Once fixed, the optical locator can be turned off automatically or manually.

[0098] Baseline adaptive update process: This process runs in parallel in the background after the system completes S1 (dynamic baseline calibration) and enters S2 / S3 (cyclic monitoring).

[0099] Trigger condition monitoring: The processing unit continuously monitors and calculates... and The system sets a steady-state threshold, for example... and .

[0100] Timing and Judgment: The system has a built-in steady-state timer. When continuous monitoring... and The duration exceeded the preset stability period. (For example, after 10 minutes) the system determines that the patient is now in a new, stable physiological state (which may be due to changes in ambient temperature, calming of the patient’s emotions, or reduced limb activity).

[0101] Baseline Update: Once the conditions are met, the processing unit automatically starts a new baseline calibration cycle. Like S1, it will acquire the next... Calculate new sensor data within a 30-second timeframe. and .

[0102] Baseline replacement: The system smoothly replaces the old baseline value in memory with the new baseline value. All subsequent... and All calculations will be based on the new baseline.

[0103] Benefits: This feature allows the monitoring system to "adapt" to the patient, effectively avoiding baseline drift caused by slow changes in the patient's own condition (such as limb warming and muscle relaxation) during long-term monitoring, thereby significantly reducing the false alarm rate under long-term monitoring.

[0104] The usage process of magnetic connection:

[0105] When a wider range of monitoring is required or the wristband assembly needs to be replaced, the nurse simply places the plug at the front end of the lead wire 11 close to the first junction box 9 on the back of the control panel 1.

[0106] Guided by the magnetic force, the plug will automatically "attach" into place with a slight "click" sound, at which point the connection is complete and the circuit is connected.

[0107] When disassembling, simply hold the plug and apply a slight twisting force perpendicular to the direction of adsorption or pull it out directly to overcome the magnetic force and separate the connector. The operation is very simple and safe.

[0108] Example 3:

[0109] This embodiment is basically the same as the previous embodiment, except that one end of the wire 11 is electrically connected to the second terminal board 12, and the third wristband 13 and the fourth wristband 14 are connected to the second terminal board 12. Multiple sets of second temperature sensors 15 and second pressure sensors 16 are installed on the inner walls of both the third wristband 13 and the fourth wristband 14. The first temperature sensor 5, the first pressure sensor 6, the second temperature sensor 15, and the second pressure sensor 16 together constitute a distributed sensing network. In step S2, the monitoring method further performs local anomaly area localization for the distributed sensing network: in each sampling period, the temperature change of each sensing unit in the sensing network is independently calculated. and pressure change ; Identify those that meet the requirements and The sensing unit marks the abnormal unit as an abnormal unit; when adjacent abnormal units form a continuous area, the area is determined to be the core area where the extravasation occurs. The processing unit sends the location information of the extravasation core area to the external display device through the transmitter 7 and highlights it on the graphical interface of the device.

[0110] The conductor 11 is a longer, flexible shielded cable with magnetic contact connectors (plug ends) at both ends for connecting the base unit and expansion components.

[0111] The second power board 12 serves as the "control hub" of the extension component. Its structure is similar to that of the first power board 9, including corresponding magnetic contacts and electrical interfaces, for receiving power and data signals from the host and distributing them to the extension wristband.

[0112] The third wristband 13 and the fourth wristband 14 are made of the same material and have the same structure as the first and second wristbands, together forming a complete encircling structure. They are powered by the second power board 12 and communicate with the host.

[0113] The second temperature sensor 15 and the second pressure sensor 16 are identical in model and performance to the first sensor, and are distributed and embedded in the inner wall of the third and fourth wristbands with the same array density.

[0114] Once the extended wristband assembly is connected to the base host via wire 11, the first temperature / pressure sensor and the second temperature / pressure sensor together form a unified sensing network covering the area from the wrist to the upper forearm (or a wider area).

[0115] The processing unit assigns a unique logical address (or coordinates) to each physical sensor in the network. For example, the sensor array of the base host can be defined as "Area A," the sensor array of the extended wristband as "Area B," and each sensor within each area can be numbered. The system builds a topology map in memory, mapping the logical addresses to the physical locations of the sensors.

[0116] S5. Local anomaly area location:

[0117] This step is performed within each cycle of step S2 (cyclic monitoring) and is an advanced data analysis process specifically designed for sensor networks.

[0118] Data Acquisition and Independent Computation:

[0119] In each sampling period, the processing unit no longer simply calculates the global average value, but instead traverses every sensor node (i) in the sensor network.

[0120] For each node i, the system independently performs the following calculations:

[0121] Obtain the temperature reading of this node. and pressure readings .

[0122] Calculate the independent temperature change at this node. and pressure change (Note: In the simplified model, the global baseline is still used; in the more preferred model, different baselines can be set for different regions.)

[0123] Abnormal node identification:

[0124] The processing unit will process each node's and High-risk alert threshold Compare them.

[0125] Identify all that meet the requirements and The sensor nodes are identified and marked as "abnormal nodes".

[0126] Cluster analysis and core region determination:

[0127] Instead of immediately triggering a global alert for a single isolated abnormal node, the system executes a simple clustering algorithm.

[0128] The algorithm checks the logical addresses (coordinates) of all anomalous nodes. If multiple anomalous nodes are found to be physically adjacent (e.g., belonging to the same 3x3 sensor matrix), these adjacent anomalous nodes are grouped into an "anomalous cluster".

[0129] The system will calculate the geometric center of this abnormal cluster, or determine the location of the node with the most abnormal reading in the cluster as the core area where the extravasation occurs.

[0130] For example, in one monitoring session, five adjacent sensor nodes in "Region B," located near the elbow joint, were simultaneously flagged as abnormal, while all sensor readings in "Region A," at the wrist, remained stable. The system can then determine that the extravasation event occurred near the elbow joint and pinpoint its exact location.

[0131] S6. Location Information Reporting and Visualization:

[0132] Information Encapsulation: Once the core infiltration area is located through step S5, the processing unit will immediately encapsulate a high-level alarm message. In addition to the alarm level (high risk) and timestamp, this message critically adds "location data," which can be the logical coordinates of the core area.

[0133] Wireless transmission: The processing unit sends out this alarm containing location information via transmitter 7 (Bluetooth module).

[0134] Remote visualization: A graphical monitoring software runs on the central monitoring system at the nurses' station or on a dedicated tablet app. This software continuously receives data in the background.

[0135] The screen displays a diagram of a patient's arm.

[0136] When a regular alert is received, the entire arm icon may turn yellow or red.

[0137] When an alarm containing location information is received from the device of Embodiment 3, the software will generate a dynamic, highlighted red area at the corresponding position (e.g., the elbow) in the arm diagram based on the received "location data", and may be accompanied by the text prompt "Exudation location: anterior elbow area".

[0138] This visual location display allows medical staff to understand the situation immediately from the nurses' station without having to run to the patient to search carefully, and to accurately go to the site for treatment, saving valuable rescue time and avoiding delays caused by searching for the leak point.

[0139] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated temperature and pressure sensing wristband for monitoring contrast agent extravasation, comprising a control panel (1), a sensor assembly (2), a first wristband (3) and a second wristband (4), the inner side walls of the first wristband (3) and the second wristband (4) are each provided with a plurality of first temperature sensors (5) and first pressure sensors (6), characterized in that: The control panel (1) is equipped with a processing unit and a memory. The processing unit is configured to perform the following monitoring methods: ​ S1, Dynamic baseline calibration: After the monitoring mode is started, control the continuous acquisition time of all first temperature sensors (5) and first pressure sensors (6). The data were analyzed, and their arithmetic mean was calculated to serve as the individualized initial temperature baseline. and initial pressure baseline ; S2. Cyclic Monitoring and Trend Calculation: Entering the main monitoring cycle, in each sampling period... Inside: Acquire current readings from all sensors and calculate the current average temperature. and current average pressure ; Calculate the temperature change and pressure change ; S3, Intelligent Hierarchical Decision Making: The calculated... and The comparison is performed against a preset threshold, and an alarm is triggered based on the following logic: when and When this occurs, a low-risk alert is triggered; when and At that time, a high-risk alert is triggered; in, , .

2. The contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband with integrated temperature and pressure sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the control panel (1) is equipped with a transmitter (7) and multiple indicator lights (8) of different colors. When a low-risk alarm is triggered, the processing unit controls the indicator light (8) to emit yellow light. When a high-risk alarm is triggered, the unit controls the indicator light (8) to emit red light. When the system is in normal monitoring state, the indicator light (8) displays green light.

3. The contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband with integrated temperature and pressure sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring method further includes, after S3: S4, Baseline Adaptive Update: When detected... and The absolute value of each value remains below its respective lower threshold for more than a preset duration. At that time, the processing unit uses the most recent Data within the time period, for and Updates are made to accommodate the slow changes in the patient's physiological state.

4. The contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband with integrated temperature and pressure sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The back of the control panel (1) is electrically connected to a first power board (9), and the inner wall of the first power board (9) is electrically connected to a first power rod (10). One end of the first power rod (10) is equipped with a wire (11), and the end of the wire (11) away from the first power rod (10) is electrically connected to a second power board (12). A third wristband (13) is installed on one side of the bottom of the second power board (12), and a fourth wristband (14) is installed on the other side of the bottom of the second power board (12). Multiple sets of second temperature sensors (15) and second pressure sensors (16) are installed on the inner walls of the third wristband (13) and the fourth wristband (14).

5. The contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband with integrated temperature and pressure sensing according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2 of the monitoring method, the distributed sensor network also performs local anomaly region localization: in each sampling period, the temperature change of each sensing unit in the sensor network is independently calculated. and pressure change ; Identify those that meet the requirements and The sensing units are identified and marked as abnormal units; when adjacent abnormal units form a continuous area, the area is determined to be the core area where extravasation occurs.

6. The contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband with integrated temperature and pressure sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The processing unit sends the location information of the extravasation core area to an external display device via a transmitter (7), and highlights it on the graphical interface of the device.

7. The contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband with integrated temperature and pressure sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor assembly (2) includes an optical locator; during the wearing phase, the processing unit controls the optical locator to project a visible light spot onto the inside of the wristband to guide medical personnel to align the monitoring center of the wristband with the patient's venous puncture point.

8. The contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband with integrated temperature and pressure sensing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first electrical contact plate (9) and the wire (11), as well as the wire (11) and the second electrical contact plate (12), are electrically connected through a magnetic contact connector. The magnetic contact connector includes a first electrical contact rod (10) disposed on the inner wall of the first electrical contact plate (9), and a second electrical contact rod disposed at the end of the wire (11) for docking with the first electrical contact rod (10).

9. The contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband with integrated temperature and pressure sensing according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before S1, the processing unit also performs wearing status detection: continuously reads the data from the first pressure sensor (6), and if all readings are below a very small pressure threshold... Time of arrival If the reading is higher than the indicated value, it is determined that the wristband is not worn correctly, and a flashing green light on indicator light (8) will be used to indicate this; when the reading is higher than the indicated value, it will be considered that the wristband is not worn correctly. At that time, it will automatically enter S1.

10. The contrast agent extravasation monitoring wristband with integrated temperature and pressure sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sides of the first wristband (3) and the second wristband (4) are provided with a flexible cushioning pad. The sensing surfaces of the first temperature sensor (5) and the first pressure sensor (6) are flush with the inner surface of the cushioning pad. The pressure dispersion characteristics of the cushioning pad ensure that the reading of the local pressure sensor (6) reflects tissue swelling rather than the binding of the strap.

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