Multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recovery treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage separating and filtering device for organic waste recovery treatment, which comprises a pretreatment feeding system connected with the feeding end of an enzymolysis reaction system through a screw conveyor and a first-stage rough filtration system arranged at the discharge port of the enzymolysis reaction system, and a bag breaking and rough crushing device is arranged at the feeding port of the pretreatment feeding system; the enzymolysis reaction system is used for smashing organic waste to be 3-5 cm or below and conveying the organic waste to the pretreatment feeding system through a spiral conveyor, the top of the enzymolysis reaction system is directly connected with the automatic dosing and feeding system through a precision metering pump, the enzymolysis reaction system comprises a reaction kettle body and a heat preservation layer, and multiple sets of jackets are formed between the reaction kettle body and the heat preservation layer; and each group of jackets is connected with the precise temperature control system so as to realize precise temperature control of a single jacket area. Integrated and modularized organic waste treatment equipment is provided, and rapid degradation in a short time is achieved through the synergistic effect of physical smashing, chemical catalysis and biological enzymolysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of organic waste crushing and treatment technology, and in particular to a multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing scale of agricultural production and the growing demand for centralized disposal of urban and rural organic waste, the resource utilization of organic waste has gradually formed a relatively mature engineering technology field. The main task in this field is to centrally treat organic materials with diverse sources, high moisture content, and unstable physical forms, such as livestock and poultry manure, straw, and vegetable waste. Through engineering methods, the environmental risks are reduced, and usable organic matter and nutrients are transformed into products with agricultural or ecological value. Related technologies are widely used in planting, animal husbandry, and municipal organic waste treatment applications. In the existing technological system, organic waste treatment equipment typically revolves around material transfer... The equipment is constructed based on basic functions such as transportation, reaction processing, and product output. By controlling the state of materials, it can complete morphological changes or property transformations under certain process conditions, and form an output form that is easy to store, transport, or utilize after processing. In order to adapt to different scales and application needs, the related equipment shows a trend of modularization and integration in terms of structure, and gradually introduces mechanical transmission, fluid transportation, and basic monitoring methods to improve the stability and continuity of the processing. Overall, this field is constantly promoting the engineering and practical development of organic waste treatment equipment to improve processing efficiency, adapt to complex material characteristics, and meet engineering application needs.

[0003] In the actual application of the above-mentioned organic waste resource utilization treatment and related equipment, the materials usually have the characteristics of high moisture content, high fiber content and strong adhesion. Especially when entering the extrusion dewatering or filtration stage, their physical state is prone to significant changes with the stress conditions. In the existing technology, in order to improve the dewatering efficiency, the material is often subjected to continuous compression by spiral extrusion, so that the water is separated from the material under pressure and discharged through the filtration structure. However, in the long-term operation, due to the influence of the material composition and the stress mode, the material is prone to compaction and aggregation in the spiral extrusion zone, gradually forming a dense cake state, which has an adverse effect on the subsequent filtration and discharge process.

[0004] Meanwhile, the primary filtration systems in existing processing equipment mostly use fixed filter screens or sieve structures to initially separate the liquid phase precipitated during the extrusion process. Under continuous filtration and dewatering conditions, these filter screens are prone to having their pores blocked due to solid particle adhesion and fiber entanglement, affecting the smooth discharge of liquid. As the operating time increases, the actual filtration efficiency of the filter screen gradually decreases, which not only increases the operating resistance of the equipment but also affects the continuity and stability of the overall processing process.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a multi-stage separation and filtration device for the recycling and treatment of organic waste is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One objective of this invention is to provide a multi-stage separation and filtration device for the recycling and treatment of organic waste. This invention provides an integrated and modular organic waste treatment device that achieves rapid degradation in a short time through the synergistic effect of physical crushing, chemical catalysis and biological enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment includes a pretreatment feeding system connected to the inlet of an enzymatic hydrolysis reaction system via a screw conveyor, and a primary coarse filtration system located at the outlet of the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction system. The inlet of the pretreatment feeding system is equipped with a bag-breaking and coarse crushing device to crush the organic waste to below 3-5 cm and then convey it to the pretreatment feeding system via the screw conveyor. The top of the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction system is directly connected to an automatic dosing system via a precision metering pump. The enzymatic hydrolysis reaction system includes a reaction vessel and an insulation layer, with multiple sets of jackets formed between the reaction vessel and the insulation layer. Each set of jackets is connected to a precision temperature control system to control the temperature of a single jacket area. Precise temperature control; the primary coarse filtration system includes a splash guard and an outer sleeve. The outer sleeve is angled to the skid-mounted base and movably positioned within the splash guard. A cylindrical filter screen is fixed inside the outer sleeve. A variable pitch screw shaft is inserted at the axial center of the outer sleeve. The variable pitch screw shaft and the outer sleeve are rotatably positioned within the splash guard via a separate control transmission mechanism at one end. The separate control transmission mechanism drives the variable pitch screw shaft to rotate inside the outer sleeve to achieve organic liquid defiltration. A collection tank is opened at the lower inner side of the splash guard. The bottom of the collection tank is directly connected to the filter box through a spray pipe in the secondary fine filtration system to achieve secondary filtration of organic liquid. The precision temperature control system is simultaneously used to rinse the surface of the cylindrical filter screen.

[0008] Furthermore, the precision temperature control system includes a liquid temperature control heat exchanger, several sets of heat pipes and flushing pipes. The liquid temperature control heat exchanger is connected to the jacket and the anti-splash sleeve through the heat pipes and flushing pipes respectively. A single jacket is connected to the liquid temperature control heat exchanger through two sets of heat pipes, and the two sets of heat pipes are connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the single jacket respectively. Multiple sets of nozzles are set on one side of the flushing pipe. The multiple sets of nozzles are fixed in an equidistant array on the surface of the anti-splash sleeve near the axis of the outer sleeve rod.

[0009] Furthermore, one end of the outer sleeve is rotatably connected to the nozzle sleeve, the top of the nozzle sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reactor body through the material valve, a slag discharge valve is opened below the nozzle sleeve, and the other end of the outer sleeve is movably mounted on the support frame of the skid base through a rotating shaft. A filter cake discharge port is opened at the end of the outer sleeve near the sub-control transmission mechanism for solid material discharge, and a filter cake conveyor belt is set below the filter cake discharge port on the skid base for solid material output.

[0010] Furthermore, the end of the variable pitch screw shaft furthest from the sub-control transmission mechanism is movably connected to the output end of the hydraulic push rod via a movable push seat. The hydraulic push rod drives the variable pitch screw shaft to move axially inside the outer sleeve rod via the movable push seat.

[0011] Furthermore, the separate control transmission mechanism includes a servo motor, a belt drive assembly, and a meshing disc. One end of the belt drive assembly is directly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor via a pulley assembly. The pulley assembly at the end of the belt drive assembly away from the servo motor is connected to the output shaft of the variable pitch screw shaft. The meshing disc is fixed to the end of the servo motor output shaft. The separate control transmission mechanism also includes a spline, which is opened on the side of the variable pitch screw shaft near the filter cake outlet. The variable pitch screw shaft is limited and slidably connected to the belt drive assembly via the spline.

[0012] Furthermore, a main tooth is provided at an axial position near the biting disc, the end face of the main tooth meshes with the biting disc, a retaining ring is fixed on the back of the main tooth, and the axis of the back of the main tooth is limited to the output end of the electromagnetic push rod for rotational limitation. A mounting bracket is provided at the position of the skid-mounted base near the sub-control transmission mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, a secondary tooth is slidably engaged on one side of the main tooth, and the secondary tooth engages with a gear ring on the side away from the main tooth. The gear ring is formed on the surface of the outer sleeve rod.

[0014] Furthermore, an inclined filter screen is installed inside the filter box. The inclined filter screen is set at an angle. One end of the inclined filter screen is slidably set on the surface of the flocculation discharge port, and the other end of the inclined filter screen away from the flocculation discharge port is elastically connected to the inner wall of the filter box through an elastic damper.

[0015] Furthermore, a vibrating motor is installed below the inclined filter screen at one end of the filter box. The vibrating motor drives the inclined filter screen to vibrate back and forth inside the filter box through the cam assembly of the output shaft. A liquid collection tank is set at the bottom of the inner surface of the filter box for liquid collection.

[0016] Furthermore, a central control system is fixedly installed on the skid-mounted base, and an integrated sensor is installed on the top of the reactor body. The integrated sensor is directly electrically connected to the central control system to receive and process signals.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] This invention sets up multiple jackets, each of which is connected to the medium source of the liquid temperature control heat exchanger via two heat pipes. Compared with the prior art, this invention can precisely control the internal environment of the reactor by controlling the medium inlet temperature of the jackets at different locations, thus achieving efficient and controllable temperature regulation.

[0019] This invention, by setting up a primary coarse filtration system and a secondary fine filtration system, can first intercept and squeeze out the water from large particles of waste residue, and then further remove tiny suspended particles from the liquid. Compared with existing technologies, it can be directly used as a high-quality water-soluble liquid organic fertilizer, which greatly enhances the commercial value of the liquid fertilizer. At the same time, the solid residue has a low water content, which is convenient for subsequent use.

[0020] This invention, through its separately controlled transmission mechanism, enables the primary coarse filtration system to switch modes during the extrusion coarse filtration process and subsequent maintenance. In conjunction with the hydraulic push rod, the variable pitch screw shaft is pushed by the movable push seat, thereby discharging the material cake to one side within the cylindrical filter screen and preventing blockage inside the cylindrical filter screen.

[0021] The present invention, through the setting of a separate control transmission mechanism, can use the flushing pipe to flush the upper part of the cylindrical filter screen when the separate control transmission mechanism drives the entire cylindrical filter screen to rotate inside the anti-splash sleeve. Compared with the prior art, it can effectively prevent the cylindrical filter screen from becoming clogged and sticky after long-term use, and reduce the number of times manual maintenance is required. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0023] In the attached diagram:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of a multi-stage separation and filtration device for the recycling and treatment of organic waste proposed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a top view of a multi-stage separation and filtration device for the recycling and treatment of organic waste proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reactor body of a multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment proposed in this invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first-stage coarse filtration system of a multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment proposed in this invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a planar cross-sectional schematic diagram of the primary coarse filtration system of a multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment proposed in this invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the control and transmission mechanism connection of a multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment proposed in this invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a two-stage fine filtration system for a multi-stage separation and filtration device for the recycling and treatment of organic waste proposed in this invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Pretreatment feeding system; 2. Screw conveyor; 3. Enzymatic hydrolysis reaction system; 4. Automatic dosing system; 5. Primary coarse filtration system; 6. Secondary fine filtration system; 7. Precision temperature control system; 8. Sub-control transmission mechanism; 9. Central control system;

[0033] 31. Reactor body; 32. Jacket; 33. Insulation layer; 34. Frame-type agitator; 35. Anchor-type agitator; 36. Variable frequency motor; 37. Exhaust gas collection port; 38. Integrated sensor; 51. Anti-splash sleeve; 52. Outer sleeve rod; 53. Cylindrical filter screen; 54. Collection tank; 55. Variable pitch screw shaft; 56. Feed nozzle sleeve; 57. Slag discharge valve; 58. Filter cake conveyor belt; 59. Filter cake discharge port; 510. Hydraulic push rod; 511. 61. Movable push seat; 62. Filter box; 63. Spray pipe; 64. Inclined filter screen; 65. Flocculent discharge port; 66. Elastic damper; 67. Vibrating motor; 68. Liquid collection tank; 79. Liquid temperature control heat exchange equipment; 70. Heat pipe; 70. Flushing pipe; 81. Servo motor; 82. Belt drive assembly; 83. Engaging disc; 84. Main gear; 85. Clamping ring; 86. Electromagnetic push rod; 87. Secondary gear; 88. Gear ring; 89. Spline. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0035] refer to Figures 1-8The system includes a pretreatment feeding system 1 connected to the inlet of the enzymatic hydrolysis system 3 via a screw conveyor 2, and a primary coarse filtration system 5 located at the outlet of the enzymatic hydrolysis system 3. The pretreatment feeding system 1 and the enzymatic hydrolysis system 3 are spatially connected. The screw conveyor 2 guides the pretreated material from the inlet of the pretreatment feeding system 1 into the inlet of the enzymatic hydrolysis system 3, allowing the pretreated material to enter the enzymatic hydrolysis system 3 for subsequent reaction processing. The primary coarse filtration system 5 is located at the outlet of the enzymatic hydrolysis system 3 and is used to separate and desulfurize the material after the reaction in the enzymatic hydrolysis system 3. The system filters and achieves solid-liquid separation. The pretreatment feeding system 1 is equipped with a bag-breaking and coarse crushing device at its inlet to crush organic waste to below 3-5 cm. This crushed material is then conveyed to the pretreatment feeding system 1 by a screw conveyor 2. During this process, the bag-breaking and coarse crushing device breaks up and initially crushes bagged or agglomerated materials, ensuring a particle size below 3-5 cm to reduce the risk of blockage in subsequent conveying and reaction stages. The material, conveyed by the screw conveyor 2, enters the feed area of ​​the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction system 3 along a predetermined conveying path, thus completing the continuous feeding from the pretreatment feeding system 1 to the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction system 3. The top of the enzymatic hydrolysis system 3 is directly connected to the automatic dosing system 4 via a precision metering pump. This establishes a direct feeding relationship between the automatic dosing system 4 and the top of the system, allowing the catalyst, acid-base regulator, or enzyme preparation within the automatic dosing system 4 to enter the reaction space of the enzymatic hydrolysis system 3 as needed under the action of the precision metering pump. The enzymatic hydrolysis system 3 includes a reaction vessel body 31 and an insulation layer 33. The reaction vessel body 31 serves as the main reaction cavity, while the insulation layer 33 is located outside the reaction vessel body 31 to reduce heat loss and stabilize the reaction environment. Multiple sets of jackets 32 are formed between the reactor body 31 and the insulation layer 33. Each set of jackets 32 is connected to the precision temperature control system 7 to achieve precise temperature control of a single jacket 32 ​​area. Multiple sets of jackets 32 form a sandwich-type heat exchange area between the reactor body 31 and the insulation layer 33. The insulation layer 33 is made of rock wool or polyurethane. The precision temperature control system 7 is connected or circulated with each set of jackets 32, so that the heat exchange medium can enter the corresponding jacket 32 ​​and exchange heat in each area. This allows for zoned temperature control of the reactants in the reactor body 31 at different heights or in different circumferential areas to meet the temperature requirements of different stages such as heating pyrolysis and cooling enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0036] The top of the reactor body 31 is also fixed with a variable frequency motor 36, whose output shaft is directly connected to the frame-type stirring paddle 34 inside the reactor body 31 and the anchor-type stirring paddle 35 at the bottom, directly providing a strong stirring effect for the materials. The top of the reactor body 31 is also equipped with a tail gas collection port 37 to realize tail gas collection.

[0037] The primary coarse filtration system 5 includes a splash guard 51 and an outer sleeve 52. The splash guard 51 primarily provides external protection to prevent water splashing. The outer sleeve 52 is installed inside the splash guard 51 and forms a movable assembly relationship with it. The outer sleeve 52 is at a certain angle to the skid-mounted base and is movably installed inside the splash guard 51. The outer sleeve 52 is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, so that the material inside the outer sleeve 52 has a discharge and liquid collection path along the inclined direction during the extrusion and filtration process. At the same time, the "movable installation" allows the outer sleeve 52 to have a basis for relative movement or disassembly when cleaning or maintenance is required. A cylindrical filter screen is fixed inside the outer sleeve 52. 53, namely the cylindrical filter screen 53, is fixed inside the outer sleeve rod 52 as the main filter screen. The outer sleeve rod 52 provides circumferential support and limitation for the cylindrical filter screen 53, ensuring that the cylindrical filter screen 53 maintains its shape stability under the extrusion of materials and prevents it from expanding and deforming outward. A variable pitch screw shaft 55 is inserted at the axial center of the outer sleeve rod 52, so that the variable pitch screw shaft 55 is located in the axial center area of ​​the cylindrical filter screen 53 and extends axially along the outer sleeve rod 52, thereby forming the basis for axial conveying and extrusion of materials during rotation. The variable pitch screw shaft 55 and the outer sleeve rod 52 are respectively rotatably mounted in the anti-splash sleeve plate 51 through a separate control transmission mechanism 8 at one end, that is, forming a support within the anti-splash sleeve plate 51. The rotating mounting base of the variable pitch screw shaft 55 and the outer sleeve rod 52 allows the variable pitch screw shaft 55 to rotate relative to the outer sleeve rod 52. Simultaneously, the outer sleeve rod 52 itself also has the assembly conditions for relative rotation when needed. The sub-control transmission mechanism 8 drives the variable pitch screw shaft 55 to rotate inside the outer sleeve rod 52, achieving organic liquid defiltration of the material. That is, during the rotation, the variable pitch screw shaft 55 propels and squeezes the material entering the outer sleeve rod 52, causing the liquid phase to pass through the cylindrical filter screen 53 under pressure, forming filtrate and completing the primary solid-liquid separation. A collection trough 54 is opened on the lower inner side of the anti-splash sleeve plate 51, allowing the filtrate passing through the cylindrical filter screen 53 to be collected under gravity. The liquids are collected in the collection tank 54 to form a centralized collection area. The bottom of the collection tank 54 is directly connected to the filter box 61 through the spray pipe 62 in the secondary fine filtration system 6 to achieve secondary filtration of organic liquids. The spray pipe 62 can be regarded as a liquid guide pipe and, together with the external pumping power, transports the filtrate in the collection tank 54 to the top of the filter box 61. The outlet end of the spray pipe 62 adopts a long strip overflow form, so that the filtrate flows out in a linear overflow manner and falls onto the surface of the inclined filter screen 63 inside the filter box 61 under the action of gravity for filtration. This avoids the blockage of fine impurities caused by the nozzle structure. The precision temperature control system 7 is used to rinse the surface of the cylindrical filter screen 53 at the same time. That is, while providing heat exchange medium circulation to the jacket 32, the precision temperature control system 7 can also provide flushing liquid to the flushing structure set on the top of the anti-splash jacket 51, so that the flushing liquid acts on the outer surface of the cylindrical filter screen 53 and carries away the attached impurities. The flushed liquid and impurities are discharged along a predetermined collection path, thereby reducing the probability of clogging of the cylindrical filter screen 53 and maintaining the continuity of the filtration process.

[0038] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The precision temperature control system 7 includes a liquid temperature control heat exchanger 71, several sets of heat pipes 72, and a flushing pipe 73. The liquid temperature control heat exchanger 71 serves as the collection and distribution point for the internal medium of the precision temperature control system 7, allowing the medium to enter the branches of the heat pipes 72 and the flushing pipes 73 respectively. The several sets of heat pipes 72 are used to form corresponding connections with multiple sets of jackets 32 to achieve zoned circulation of the temperature control medium. The flushing pipes 73 are used to lead out the internal medium of the liquid temperature control heat exchanger 71 and spray-wash the outer surface of the cylindrical filter screen 53. The liquid temperature control heat exchanger 71 is connected to the jackets 32 and the anti-splash sleeve 51 respectively through the heat pipes 72 and the flushing pipes 73. That is, the heat pipes 72 and the jackets 32 form a circulation path for the temperature control medium, and the flushing pipes 73 and the anti-splash sleeve 51 form a transport path for the flushing medium. This allows the precision temperature control system 7 to handle both reactor temperature control and filter screen flushing within the same device. The jacket 32 ​​is connected to the liquid temperature-controlled heat exchanger 71 through two sets of heat pipes 72, and the two sets of heat pipes 72 are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the single jacket 32, so that the upper and lower ends of the single jacket 32 ​​form the medium inlet and outlet channels, allowing the medium to form a circulating heat exchange path from top to bottom or from bottom to top inside the single jacket 32, so as to ensure more sufficient heat exchange in the area of ​​the single jacket 32 ​​and reduce the local temperature difference. Multiple sets of nozzles are provided on one side of the flushing pipe 73. The nozzles are used to spray the medium delivered from the liquid temperature-controlled heat exchanger 71 to the outer surface of the cylindrical filter screen 53, so that the flushing liquid has a scouring and removal effect on the surface of the cylindrical filter screen 53. The flushing medium is taken from inside the liquid temperature-controlled heat exchanger 71 and is from the same source as the temperature-controlled circulating medium, with high medium cleanliness, thereby reducing the risk of nozzle clogging. Multiple sets of nozzles are fixed in an equidistant array on the surface of the anti-splash sleeve 51 near the axis of the outer sleeve rod 52. Multiple sets of nozzles are arranged in an equidistant array along the surface of the anti-splash sleeve 51 near the upper part of the outer sleeve rod 52, so that the spray coverage area corresponds to the upper part of the outer surface of the cylindrical filter screen 53. When the outer sleeve rod 52 drives the cylindrical filter screen 53 to rotate, it can realize the sequential rinsing of different circumferential areas of the cylindrical filter screen 53. At the same time, the anti-splash sleeve 51 plays a role in limiting splashing and shielding during the rinsing process to reduce water splashing.

[0039] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6One end of the outer sleeve 52 is rotatably connected to the nozzle sleeve 56. The outer sleeve 52 is mounted on the nozzle sleeve 56 at this end in a rotating pair manner, so that the outer sleeve 52 has a restricted rotational capacity relative to the nozzle sleeve 56, and the nozzle sleeve 56 serves as the assembly and rotation reference for one end. The top of the nozzle sleeve 56 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reactor body 31 through a material valve. The material valve is set on the communication channel between the top of the nozzle sleeve 56 and the bottom of the reactor body 31. It is used to open when feeding and defiltration are required, so that the reacted material enters the nozzle sleeve 56 from the bottom of the reactor body 31 and enters the interior of the outer sleeve 52. When defiltration is stopped or maintenance is performed, it is closed to prevent the material from falling further. A slag discharge valve 57 is opened at the bottom of the nozzle sleeve 56, so that the sewage, impurities, or collected liquid generated inside the nozzle sleeve 56 during defiltration and rinsing can be discharged to the outside through the slag discharge valve 57 to form a discharge channel. For collection or subsequent processing, the other end of the outer sleeve rod 52 is movably mounted on the support frame of the skid-mounted base via a rotating shaft. This means the other end of the outer sleeve rod 52 is movably mounted to the support frame of the skid-mounted base via a rotating shaft, ensuring that both ends of the outer sleeve rod 52 have clearly defined rotational support points. This guarantees that the outer sleeve rod 52 can still rotate stably around its own axis and maintain its posture without unrestrained swaying even when tilted. A filter cake discharge port 59 is opened at the end of the outer sleeve rod 52 near the sub-control transmission mechanism 8 for solid material discharge. The filter cake discharge port 59 is located at the end of the outer sleeve rod 52 near the sub-control transmission mechanism 8 and serves as a solid phase discharge port. Solids compressed by the variable-pitch screw shaft 55 are discharged from the filter cake discharge port 59 under the propulsive action and fall in a predetermined direction. A filter cake conveyor belt 58 is located below the filter cake discharge port 59 on the skid-mounted base for solid material output. Therefore, the filter cake conveyor belt 58 is located in the material drop area below the filter cake discharge port 59, used to receive the solid material discharged from the filter cake discharge port 59 and output it to external collection or subsequent processes.

[0040] The end of the variable pitch screw shaft 55 furthest from the sub-control transmission mechanism 8 is movably connected to the output end of the hydraulic push rod 510 via a movable push seat 511. The movable push seat 511 and the end of the variable pitch screw shaft 55 form a rotatable connection, so that the variable pitch screw shaft 55 remains rotatable even when it is pushed by the hydraulic push rod 510 to generate axial displacement. This avoids the variable pitch screw shaft 55 from being restricted in rotation or jammed due to axial displacement. The hydraulic push rod 510 drives the variable pitch screw shaft 55 to move axially inside the outer sleeve rod 52 through the movable push seat 511. That is, the output end of the hydraulic push rod 510 transmits the thrust to the movable push seat 511 through the fixed relationship with the movable push seat 511. Then, the movable push seat 511 acts on the end of the variable pitch screw shaft 55, causing the variable pitch screw shaft 55 to generate axial displacement relative to the outer sleeve rod 52, so as to adapt to subsequent anti-blocking, material unloading or differential deblocking conditions.

[0041] refer to Figures 5-7The distributed control transmission mechanism 8 includes a servo motor 81, a belt drive assembly 82, and a meshing disc 83. The servo motor 81 serves as the drive source for the distributed control transmission mechanism 8. The belt drive assembly 82 transmits the rotation of the output shaft of the servo motor 81 to the variable pitch screw shaft 55 and forms a slidable transmission engagement with it. The meshing disc 83 is fixed to the end of the output shaft of the servo motor 81 and meshes with the end face of the main gear 84 to form a transmission engagement or disengagement. One end of the belt drive assembly 82 is directly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 81 via a pulley set. That is, the rotation of the output shaft of the servo motor 81 is transmitted to the belt drive assembly 82 via the pulley set, enabling the belt drive assembly 82 to obtain a rotational driving force synchronized with the servo motor 81. The pulley assembly at the end of component 82 away from the servo motor 81 is connected to the output shaft of the variable pitch screw shaft 55, so that the rotation of the belt drive assembly 82 is further transmitted to the output shaft of the variable pitch screw shaft 55, thereby providing power for the rotation and propulsion of the variable pitch screw shaft 55 inside the outer sleeve rod 52. The engagement disc 83 is fixed to the end of the output shaft of the servo motor 81, so that the engagement disc 83 and the output shaft of the servo motor 81 rotate coaxially and synchronously and form an end face transmission reference. The sub-control transmission mechanism 8 also includes a spline 89, which is opened on the side of the variable pitch screw shaft 55 near the filter cake outlet 59. The spline 89 is a keyway structure set on the surface of the variable pitch screw shaft 55. The variable pitch screw shaft 55 is limited and slidably connected to the belt drive assembly 82 through the spline 89. The belt drive assembly 82 is provided with a groove that mates with the spline 89, so that the variable pitch screw shaft 55 can slide along the groove direction when it is axially displaced, while maintaining a meshing transmission relationship in the circumferential direction. This allows the variable pitch screw shaft 55 to move axially within the outer sleeve 52 and continuously receive the rotational driving force transmitted by the belt drive assembly 82.

[0042] A main tooth 84 is positioned axially near the engagement plate 83. The end face of the main tooth 84 meshes with the engagement plate 83, forming a transmission relationship through end face engagement. This allows the main tooth 84 to receive rotational input transmitted by the output shaft of the servo motor 81 when meshing with the engagement plate 83, and to achieve a transmission separation state when the end faces are separated. A clamping ring 85 is fixed to the back of the main tooth 84, which acts as a damping locking element. This allows the main tooth 84 to form a pressure contact with the mounting frame when in the transmission separation state, providing damping constraint. The axis of the back of the main tooth 84 is connected to the output end of the electromagnetic push rod 86 for limited rotation. The main tooth 84 has a restricted rotational fit with the electromagnetic push rod 86, which allows the electromagnetic push rod 86 to apply a pulling or pushing action to the main tooth 84 in the axial direction. At the same time, it allows the main tooth 84 to rotate in a restricted manner relative to the electromagnetic push rod 86 when needed, so as not to drive the electromagnetic push rod 86 to rotate synchronously. A mounting frame is set near the sub-control transmission mechanism 8 on the skid base. The mounting frame is used to provide a support reference for the main tooth 84 and the back clamping ring 85, so that the clamping ring 85 can form a pressure fit with the mounting frame when pulled by the electromagnetic push rod 86. This prevents the main tooth 84 from being dragged back and rotated by the subsequent meshing chain under normal defiltration conditions, and thus prevents the overall posture of the outer sleeve rod 52 from rotating with the variable pitch screw shaft 55.

[0043] A secondary tooth 87 is slidably engaged on one side of the main tooth 84, forming a slidable meshing engagement between the secondary tooth 87 and the main tooth 84. This allows the secondary tooth 87 to maintain a relative displacement basis while maintaining a transmission mesh with the main tooth 84. The side of the secondary tooth 87 away from the main tooth 84 meshes with a gear ring 88, so that the rotation of the main tooth 84 can be transmitted to the gear ring 88 through the secondary tooth 87 and drive the outer sleeve rod 52. The gear ring 88 is formed on the surface of the outer sleeve rod 52, and the gear ring 88 is a tooth groove meshing structure set on the surface of the outer sleeve rod 52. This allows the outer sleeve rod 52 to rotate under meshing drive when cleaning or unclogging is required, thereby driving the cylindrical filter screen 53 fixed inside the outer sleeve rod 52 to rotate as well, and achieving alignment and rinsing of different areas with the rinsing pipe 73.

[0044] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 8An inclined filter screen 63 is installed inside the filter box 61. The inclined filter screen 63 serves as a secondary filtration filter component inside the filter box 61. It is used to receive the organic liquid delivered and falling from the spray pipe 62 and further separate the fine suspended matter in it. The inclined filter screen 63 is inclined, so that after the liquid falls onto the surface of the inclined filter screen 63, it can flow in the inclined direction under the action of gravity, thereby forming a continuous liquid passage and slag discharge path. One end of the inclined filter screen 63 is slidably installed on the surface of the slag discharge port 64. That is, this end of the inclined filter screen 63 and the slag discharge port 64 form a sliding fit, so that the inclined filter screen 63 has a basis for relative displacement in a predetermined direction while maintaining support, in order to adapt to the subsequent reciprocating vibration state. The other end of the inclined filter screen 63 away from the slag discharge port 64 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the filter box 61 through an elastic damper 65. The elastic damper 65 is an elastic connector that enables the inclined filter screen 63 to have elastic support and return capability during vibration, thereby reducing rigid impact and maintaining the stable tilting posture of the inclined filter screen 63.

[0045] A vibrating motor 66 is installed below the inclined filter screen 63 at one end of the filter box 61. The vibrating motor 66 is located below the area corresponding to the inclined filter screen 63 inside the filter box 61. It is used to apply a periodic driving action to the inclined filter screen 63. The vibrating motor 66 drives the inclined filter screen 63 to reciprocate within the filter box 61 through the cam assembly of the output shaft. When the output shaft rotates, the cam assembly forms a periodic eccentric push, causing the inclined filter screen 63 to reciprocate under the combined constraint of the sliding fit at the floc discharge port 64 and the elastic support of the elastic damper 65. This makes it easier for the fine impurities attached to the surface of the inclined filter screen 63 to loosen under the vibration and collect towards the lower end along the inclined direction. A liquid collection tank 67 is provided at the bottom of the inner surface of the filter box 61 for liquid collection. The liquid filtered by the inclined filter screen 63 collects in the liquid collection tank 67 area at the bottom of the filter box 61 after passing through the inclined filter screen 63, realizing the centralized collection and output of the liquid after secondary filtration.

[0046] refer to Figures 1-3A central control system 9 is also fixedly installed on the skid-mounted base. The central control system 9 serves as the electrical control and signal processing unit for the entire device. The skid-mounted base facilitates centralized wiring and maintenance, and is used for unified signal reception, processing, and output control of the electronic components in the device. An integrated sensor 38 is installed on the top of the reactor body 31, providing a basis for collecting state parameters of the reaction process. The integrated sensor 38 is directly electrically connected to the central control system 9 to receive and transmit signals. The parameters collected by the integrated sensor 38... The signal is transmitted to the central control system 9 via electrical connection. The central control system 9 receives and processes the signal and performs linkage control on the electronic actuators in the device during operation. The electronic actuators include, but are not limited to, a servo motor 81 for driving the rotation of the variable pitch screw shaft 55, an electromagnetic push rod 86 for driving the main gear 84 to switch between engagement / disengagement and locking states, a frequency converter motor 36 for driving the stirring inside the reactor body 31, and an oscillating motor 66 for driving the reciprocating vibration of the inclined filter screen 63, etc., so that each actuator can enter the working state in a predetermined order under the corresponding working conditions and form a continuous operation process.

[0047] Working principle:

[0048] Pre-treatment preparation: First, waste fruits, long straws, vegetable tails and other organic waste are put into the pre-treatment feeding system 1. The central control system 9 drives the dual-shaft crusher inside the pre-treatment feeding system 1 to crush the organic waste to a particle size of 3-5 cm. Then, the screw conveyor 2 is used to convey it to the reaction vessel 31. Then, the precision pump of the automatic dosing system 4 is used to simultaneously pump the catalyst, acid-base regulator and other agents into the reaction vessel 31. When the integrated sensor 38 detects that the liquid level in the vessel has reached the preset level, such as 80%, the central control system 9 controls the above components to automatically stop feeding, thus completing the preliminary preparation work.

[0049] The first stage of chemical catalysis and heating: Under the control of the central control system 9, the variable frequency motor 36 starts and directly drives the frame-type stirring paddle 34 and anchor-type stirring paddle 35 inside the reactor body 31 to rotate, so as to efficiently mix the mixture inside the reactor body 31. During the mixing process, the liquid temperature control heat exchanger 71 connects the jacket 32 ​​at different positions between the reactor body 31 and the insulation layer 33 through multiple sets of heat pipes 72 distributed in pairs, so as to achieve precise temperature control of different areas inside the reactor body 31, so that the material inside the reactor is heated to 80℃-100℃ according to the process setting. Under this high temperature environment, it is maintained for about 1-2 hours, and the organic macromolecules are rapidly decomposed by thermochemical action and pathogens and weed seeds are killed.

[0050] The second stage of cooling and bio-enzymatic hydrolysis: The central control system 9 switches to the temperature control mode, shuts off the heating of the reaction vessel 31 by the liquid temperature control heat exchanger 71, and starts the cooling cycle to quickly reduce the temperature inside the vessel to the range of 45℃-55℃, which is suitable for the activity of bio-enzymes. At this time, another set of precision metering pumps of the automatic dosing system 4 automatically adds compound bio-enzyme preparations. The frame-type stirring paddle 34 and the anchor-type stirring paddle 35 continuously stir at low speed to keep the material suspended. Under this constant temperature condition, the reaction lasts for 4-6 hours, which deeply decomposes cellulose and protein into small water-soluble substances such as amino acids and peptides. The waste gas generated is discharged and collected from the tail gas collection port 37 at the top of the reaction vessel 31.

[0051] Two-stage separation discharge: After the reaction inside the reactor body 31 is completed, the discharge pump below the reactor body 31 is started, and the fibrous material enters the nozzle sleeve 56. The variable pitch screw shaft 55 is rotated by the sub-control transmission mechanism 8, so that the material is obliquely conveyed upward under the action of the variable pitch screw shaft 55. During the conveying process, the screw plate performs variable pitch extrusion, separating out solid waste residue with a moisture content of about 50%-60%. The residue falls through the filter cake discharge port 59 onto the surface of the filter cake conveyor belt 58 below for collection and transmission. The liquid in the filter falls into the collection tank 54 after being filtered by the inner cylindrical filter screen 53 of the outer sleeve rod 52. The liquid inside the collection tank 54 is introduced / pumped into the filter box 61 through the spray pipe 62 and sprayed onto the surface of the inclined filter screen 63. Under the buffer support of the elastic damper 65, the inclined filter screen 63 is driven to vibrate back and forth by the vibration motor 66. The filtered clear liquid is the finished liquid organic fertilizer, which falls into the lower liquid collection tank 67 for collection, while the sludge is discharged from the sludge discharge port 64.

[0052] When the variable pitch screw shaft 55 rotates to drive the material for filter dewatering, the pitch of the variable pitch screw shaft 55 at the end near the filter cake discharge port 59 is smaller, making it easier for the material cake to become blocked. At this time, the hydraulic push rod 510 is activated, and the variable pitch screw shaft 55 is pushed axially inside the outer sleeve rod 52 through the movable push seat 511. Utilizing the sliding effect between the spline 89 on the surface of the variable pitch screw shaft 55 and the bushing, the end of the variable pitch screw shaft 55 is pushed to extend outward from the position of the blocked material cake. Then the hydraulic push rod 510 stops pushing, and the servo motor 81 is activated to reverse the variable pitch screw shaft 55. After the material cake contacts the inner wall of the outer sleeve rod 52, the material cake falls off at the position of the filter cake discharge port 59, thereby preventing the situation where the operation cannot continue due to the blockage of the material cake.

[0053] Furthermore, a better solution can be adopted: the electromagnetic push rod 86 starts and drives the end face of the main tooth 84 to engage with the meshing disc 83 at the end of the output shaft of the servo motor 81. The connection between the main tooth 84 and the electromagnetic push rod 86 is rotatably connected. During this process, the clamping ring 85 on the back of the main tooth 84 disengages from the surface of the mounting frame, and the side of the main tooth 84 slides on the auxiliary tooth 87. After the servo motor 81 starts, the output shaft of the servo motor 81 can not only drive the variable pitch spiral shaft 55 to rotate through the belt drive assembly 82, but also directly drive the main tooth 84 to rotate through the meshing action of the meshing disc 83 and the short surface of the main tooth 84. The main tooth 84 directly drives the outer sleeve rod 52 to rotate outside the variable pitch spiral shaft 55 through the meshing effect of the auxiliary tooth 87 and the gear ring 88. At this time, there is a difference in the rotation speed between the variable pitch spiral shaft 55 and the outer sleeve rod 52, which causes the material cake part to be blocked in the inside of the outer sleeve rod 52, thereby better realizing the detachment of the material cake from the screw blade of the variable pitch spiral shaft 55.

[0054] Meanwhile, the rotation of the outer sleeve rod 52 can drive the cylindrical filter screens 53 at different positions to rotate to the top position, aligning them with the flushing pipe 73 at the top of the anti-splash sleeve plate 51. Under the control of the pump group, the liquid temperature control heat exchanger 71 sprays water onto the surfaces of different cylindrical filter screens 53 through the flushing pipe 73, which can effectively assist in cleaning the cylindrical filter screens 53. The water carries fine impurities inside the cylindrical filter screens 53. Since the outer sleeve rod 52 is inclined, the water carrying particulate impurities gathers at the port of the slag discharge valve 57 under the action of gravity. Opening the slag discharge valve 57 can realize the cleaning operation of impurities inside the cylindrical filter screens 53.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage separation and filtration device for the recycling and treatment of organic waste, comprising a pretreatment feeding system (1) connected to the inlet of an enzymatic hydrolysis reaction system (3) via a screw conveyor (2) and a primary coarse filtration system (5) disposed at the outlet of the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction system (3), characterized in that, The pretreatment feeding system (1) is equipped with a bag breaking and coarse crushing device at the feed inlet, which is used to crush organic waste to below 3-5CM and transport it to the pretreatment feeding system (1) by a screw conveyor (2). The top of the enzymatic reaction system (3) is directly connected to the automatic dosing system (4) through a precision metering pump. The enzymatic reaction system (3) includes a reaction vessel body (31) and a heat insulation layer (33). Multiple sets of jackets (32) are formed between the reaction vessel body (31) and the heat insulation layer (33). Each set of jackets (32) is connected to a precision temperature control system (7) to achieve precise temperature control of a single jacket (32) area. The primary coarse filtration system (5) includes a splash guard (51) and an outer rod (52). The outer rod (52) is at a certain angle to the skid base and is movably installed inside the splash guard (51). A cylindrical filter screen (53) is fixed inside the outer rod (52). A variable pitch screw shaft (55) is inserted through the axial position inside the outer rod (52). The variable pitch screw shaft (55) and the outer rod (52) are respectively rotated inside the splash guard (51) through a separate control transmission mechanism (8) at one end. The separate control transmission mechanism (8) drives the variable pitch screw shaft (55) to rotate inside the outer rod (52) to achieve organic liquid defiltration of the material. A collection tank (54) is opened at the bottom inside the splash guard (51). The bottom of the collection tank (54) is directly connected to the filter box (61) through the spray pipe (62) in the secondary fine filtration system (6) to achieve secondary filtration of organic liquid. The precision temperature control system (7) is used to simultaneously rinse the surface of the cylindrical filter screen (53).

2. The multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment according to claim 1, wherein the precision temperature control system (7) comprises a liquid temperature control heat exchanger (71), several sets of heat pipes (72), and a flushing pipe (73), characterized in that, The liquid temperature control heat exchanger (71) is connected to the jacket (32) and the anti-splash sleeve (51) through the heat pipe (72) and the flushing pipe (73) respectively. The single jacket (32) is connected to the liquid temperature control heat exchanger (71) through two sets of heat pipes (72), and the two sets of heat pipes (72) are connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the single jacket (32) respectively. Multiple sets of nozzles are set on one side of the flushing pipe (73), and the multiple sets of nozzles are fixed in an equidistant array above the axis of the anti-splash sleeve (51) near the outer sleeve rod (52).

3. The multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the outer sleeve (52) is rotatably connected to the nozzle sleeve (56). The top of the nozzle sleeve (56) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reactor body (31) through the material valve. A slag discharge valve (57) is opened below the nozzle sleeve (56). The other end of the outer sleeve (52) is movably mounted on the support frame of the skid base through the rotating shaft. A filter cake discharge port (59) is opened at the end of the outer sleeve (52) near the sub-control transmission mechanism (8) for solid material discharge. A filter cake conveyor belt (58) is set below the skid base near the filter cake discharge port (59) for solid material output.

4. The multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The variable pitch screw shaft (55) is located away from the sub-control transmission mechanism (8) and is movably connected to the output end of the hydraulic push rod (510) through the movable push seat (511). The hydraulic push rod (510) drives the variable pitch screw shaft (55) to move axially inside the outer sleeve rod (52) through the movable push seat (511).

5. A multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment according to any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that, The separate control transmission mechanism (8) includes a servo motor (81), a belt drive assembly (82), and a meshing disc (83). One end of the belt drive assembly (82) is directly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (81) via a pulley set. The pulley set at the end of the belt drive assembly (82) away from the servo motor (81) is connected to the output shaft of the variable pitch screw shaft (55). The meshing disc (83) is fixed at the end of the output shaft of the servo motor (81). The separate control transmission mechanism (8) also includes a spline (89). The spline (89) is opened on the side of the variable pitch screw shaft (55) near the filter cake outlet (59). The variable pitch screw shaft (55) is limited and slidably connected to the belt drive assembly (82) via the spline (89).

6. A multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment according to claim 5, characterized in that, A main tooth (84) is provided at an axial position near the biting plate (83). The end face of the main tooth (84) meshes with the biting plate (83). The back of the main tooth (84) is fixed with a clamping ring (85). The back axis of the main tooth (84) is connected to the output end of the electromagnetic push rod (86) for limited rotation. A mounting frame is provided at a position near the sub-control transmission mechanism (8) on the skid-mounted base.

7. A multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that, A secondary tooth (87) is slidably engaged on one side of the main tooth (84). The secondary tooth (87) engages with a gear ring (88) on the side away from the main tooth (84). The gear ring (88) is formed on the surface of the outer sleeve rod (52).

8. A multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, An inclined filter screen (63) is installed inside the filter box (61). The inclined filter screen (63) is inclined as a whole. One end of the inclined filter screen (63) is slidably installed on the surface of the flocculation outlet (64). The other end of the inclined filter screen (63) away from the flocculation outlet (64) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the filter box (61) through an elastic damper (65).

9. A multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vibrating motor (66) is provided at the lower end of the filter box (61) near the inclined filter screen (63). The vibrating motor (66) drives the inclined filter screen (63) to vibrate back and forth in the filter box (61) through the cam assembly of the output shaft. A liquid collection tank (67) is provided at the bottom of the inner surface of the filter box (61) for liquid collection.

10. A multi-stage separation and filtration device for organic waste recycling and treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A central control system (9) is also fixedly installed on the skid base, and an integrated sensor (38) is installed on the top of the reactor body (31). The integrated sensor (38) is directly electrically connected to the central control system (9) to realize signal reception and processing.

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