Automobile half shaft grinding device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of half shaft machining, in particular to an automobile half shaft grinding device which comprises a track assembly and a grinding assembly, a fixed headstock and a left and right sliding tailstock are arranged on the track assembly, a center mechanism for aligning and locking the end of the half shaft is arranged on the headstock and the tailstock, an auxiliary mechanism for supporting the area of the half shaft after polishing is further arranged on the track assembly, the positioning center, the limiting center and the abutting disc are arranged in a mutually nested sliding mode, the half shaft is sequentially positioned and limited, so that the double functions of high-precision positioning and bearing grinding load which are simultaneously borne by the traditional center are separated, meanwhile, the axial thrust and the radial load generated in the grinding process are borne by the abutting disc and the limiting center; the V-shaped block is further matched to support the area of the half shaft after grinding with high precision, so that stable positioning in the whole grinding process of the half shaft is realized, and long-time high-precision grinding operation can be carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of axle machining, specifically to an automotive axle grinding apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] The half-shaft is a core component of the automotive transmission system. During the manufacturing process of the half-shaft, in order to ensure its precise fit with bearings, oil seals and other parts and its long service life and reliable operation, the outer cylindrical surface of the half-shaft needs to be ground with high precision. The precision of this grinding process, especially the roundness and coaxiality, directly determines the efficiency, smoothness and overall safety of the transmission system.

[0003] To achieve the aforementioned precision grinding, existing technologies generally employ grinding machines with a "double center-center hole" system as the positioning core. The working process is as follows: First, the center holes pre-machined at both ends of the half-shaft are used as a reference. Then, the centers on the headstock and tailstock of the grinding machine are respectively embedded into these two center holes, and an axial clamping force is applied through the tailstock to lock the half-shaft coaxially on the machine tool spindle. Then, the headstock drives the workpiece to rotate, and the grinding wheel performs radial feed to complete the grinding.

[0004] During the grinding process, the contact between the grinding wheel and the workpiece generates complex grinding forces. One component of the force along the workpiece axis will generate a thrust on the half-shaft. In addition, the irregularity of the roundness and coaxiality of the half-shaft before grinding makes the magnitude of this thrust unpredictable. This thrust will disrupt the original force balance, causing the workpiece to slip slightly or wobble periodically within the constraint of the center.

[0005] However, the center point in the core component of existing grinding machines has an inherent defect: its single conical working surface needs to bear the dual functions of high-precision positioning and bearing the aforementioned small sliding or periodic shaking mechanical loads, which leads to inevitable progressive wear on both. The wear of the center point causes it to lose its accuracy as a positioning reference for the machine tool, while the wear of the center hole destroys the process reference of the workpiece itself. In order to restore the system accuracy, the expensive integral center point must be replaced or re-ground. This process is not only costly to maintain, but also causes frequent downtime of the production line.

[0006] Therefore, existing technologies urgently need an innovative solution that can overcome the core contradictions of easy wear and high maintenance costs of the reference components while fully retaining and utilizing the high-precision positioning advantages of the "double center-center hole" system, thereby achieving a simultaneous and significant improvement in grinding accuracy and production economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an automobile half-shaft grinding processing device, including a track assembly and a grinding assembly. The track assembly is provided with a fixed head frame and a left-right sliding tail frame. Both the head frame and the tail frame are provided with a center mechanism for aligning and locking the end of the half-shaft. The track assembly is also provided with an auxiliary mechanism for supporting the ground area of ​​the half-shaft.

[0008] The top mechanism includes a positioning top, a limiting top, and abutting disc arranged from the inside out and sliding and nested to each other. The top mechanism also includes a moving component that drives the positioning top, the limiting top, and the abutting disc to slide and extend left and right.

[0009] Before grinding, the positioning top is extended to perform high-precision coaxial positioning of the half shaft, and then the half shaft position is locked by the abutting disc and the limiting top in sequence. Finally, the positioning top is retracted to protect it.

[0010] The auxiliary mechanism includes two V-blocks arranged in a front-to-back configuration via a clamping assembly, which are used to clamp and limit the half-shaft. When the half-shaft moves to the right, the V-blocks are fixed on the right side of the grinding assembly, providing high-precision support for the half-shaft after grinding.

[0011] The positioning top extends for positioning and retracts for protection, while the V-block provides high-precision support, enabling long-term, high-precision grinding operations.

[0012] Preferably, a sleeve is rotatably provided on the side of the head frame and the tail frame that are close to each other, and the inner side of the sleeve is slidably nested and connected to the outer side of the corresponding abutting disc.

[0013] Preferably, a driven gear is fixedly installed on the sleeve, and a synchronous motor is fixedly installed inside both the head frame and the tail frame. A driving gear that meshes with the corresponding driven gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the synchronous motor.

[0014] Preferably, the moving component includes a connecting rod connected to the tail end of the positioning top via a quick-release structure and nested inside the limiting top, and a hydraulic cylinder for controlling the left and right extension and retraction of the corresponding connecting rod is fixedly installed in both the head frame and the tail frame.

[0015] Preferably, the moving component further includes a connecting frame that is rotatably disposed on the outer side of the limiting top tail end and slidably connected to the head frame and tail frame, and a hydraulic cylinder two for controlling the sliding of the corresponding connecting frame is fixedly installed in both the head frame and the tail frame.

[0016] Preferably, the moving component further includes a movable frame rotatably disposed at the rear end of the abutment and slidably connected to the head frame and tail frame, wherein a hydraulic cylinder three for controlling the sliding of the corresponding movable frame is fixedly installed inside the head frame and tail frame.

[0017] Preferably, the head ends of the positioning top and the limiting top are conical structures with the same taper, and the head ends of the nested positioning top and the limiting top are provided with slots for interlocking and inserting into each other.

[0018] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes an L-shaped seat fixedly connected to the track assembly, and two symmetrically arranged sliding plates are slidably disposed on the upper side of the horizontal section of the L-shaped seat, with the upper end of the sliding plate fixedly connected to the corresponding V-shaped block.

[0019] Preferably, the horizontal section of the L-shaped base is rotatably provided with a bidirectional screw that drives the two sliding plates to move synchronously in opposite directions, and a geared motor that drives the bidirectional screw to rotate is fixedly installed on the front side of the L-shaped base.

[0020] Preferably, a number of rolling balls are arranged in a matrix on the adjacent sides of the two V-blocks, and the center of the V-block is located in the same horizontal plane as the axis of the positioning top.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: First, this invention uses a positioning top, a limiting top, and a backing disc arranged in a nested sliding manner to position and limit the half-shaft in sequence, thereby separating the dual functions of high-precision positioning and bearing grinding load that traditional centers need to bear simultaneously. At the same time, the backing disc and the limiting top jointly bear the axial thrust and radial load generated during the grinding process, effectively sharing the mechanical pressure borne by the center hole of the half-shaft. In addition, the V-block provides high-precision support for the half-shaft area after grinding, thereby achieving stable positioning throughout the half-shaft grinding process and enabling long-term high-precision grinding operations.

[0022] Second, the present invention adopts a design that firstly achieves high-precision coaxial positioning of the half shaft by extending the positioning top, then locks the position of the half shaft by abutting the disc and limiting the top, and finally retracts the positioning top for protection. This design ensures that the positioning top only plays a role in the positioning stage and does not need to bear the grinding load for a long time, thus protecting the positioning top as a high-precision reference for a long time. This allows it to perform high-precision positioning of the half shaft for a long time and improves grinding efficiency.

[0023] Third, the present invention adopts a quick-release structure to connect the positioning top and the connecting rod, which enables the two to be quickly separated and connected. When the limiting top wears out during long-term use, the operator does not need to disassemble the entire center mechanism. The worn positioning top can be easily replaced by the quick-release structure. While ensuring positioning accuracy, it significantly shortens the equipment maintenance time and effectively improves the overall efficiency of half-shaft grinding.

[0024] Fourth, the present invention adopts a design in which the positioning top and the limiting top are opened with mutually staggered insertion slots, so that when the positioning top and the limiting top are inserted into the center hole of the half shaft in sequence, they can fit with the wall of the center hole of the half shaft with a large contact area, ensuring the high-precision alignment effect of the positioning top to the half shaft, and also improving the limiting quality of the limiting top to the half shaft, providing a more stable reference basis for subsequent grinding processes.

[0025] V. This invention uses the ball bearings on the V-block to provide auxiliary clamping and support for the area of ​​the half-shaft that has been ground. When the grinding process reaches the middle area of ​​the half-shaft, the half-shaft is prone to radial displacement due to the grinding force. At this time, the V-block forms rolling contact with the outer surface of the half-shaft through the ball bearings, which not only achieves stable support and positioning of the half-shaft, but also avoids damage to the machined surface that may be caused by rigid clamping. This structure can effectively prevent the half-shaft from shifting significantly during the grinding process, and further distributes the end limiting pressure of the limiting top and the abutment disc, thereby further ensuring the grinding accuracy of the half-shaft as a whole. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding assembly, headstock, tailstock and sleeve in this invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tailstock in this invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a partial sectional view of the interior of the tailstock in this invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a front view of the positioning top, limiting top, abutment disc, and connecting rod in this invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the positioning top extending beyond the limiting top in this invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the fracture when the positioning top retracts inside the limiting top in this invention.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the positioning top being removed from the connecting rod in this invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the V-shaped block clamping the half-shaft in this invention.

[0036] Figure 10This is a partial cross-sectional view of the L-shaped seat, sliding plate, V-shaped block and ball bearings in this invention.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the V-shaped block, ball bearings, and sliding plate in this invention.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Track assembly; 2. Grinding assembly; 3. Headstock; 4. Tailstock; 5. Center mechanism; 6. Auxiliary mechanism; 51. Positioning top; 52. Limiting top; 53. Abutting disc; 54. Moving assembly; 61. Clamping assembly; 62. V-block; 531. Sleeve; 532. Driven gear; 533. Synchronous motor; 534. Driving gear; 541. Connecting rod; 542. Hydraulic cylinder one; 543. Connecting frame; 544. Hydraulic cylinder two; 545. Moving frame; 546. Hydraulic cylinder three; 611. L-shaped seat; 612. Sliding plate; 613. Bidirectional screw; 614. Gear motor; 621. Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they shall be performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or in accordance with the product manual.

[0040] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 9 A grinding device for automobile half shafts includes a track assembly 1 and a grinding assembly 2. The track assembly 1 is provided with a fixed head frame 3 and a left-right sliding tail frame 4. Both the head frame 3 and the tail frame 4 are provided with a center mechanism 5 for aligning and locking the end of the half shaft. The track assembly 1 is also provided with an auxiliary mechanism 6 for supporting the ground area of ​​the half shaft.

[0041] In this embodiment, the track assembly 1 consists of a workbench, a track seat, and a screw transmission system. The workbench is placed on the ground, and the track seat slides left and right on the workbench. The track seat is driven to move left and right on the workbench by an electric slider provided at the bottom of the track seat. The head frame 3 is fixedly set on the right side of the track seat, and the tail frame 4 is slidably set on the left side of the track seat. The screw transmission system adopts a transmission structure commonly used by those skilled in the art, which is used to drive the tail frame 4 to slide left and right on the track seat.

[0042] In this embodiment, the grinding assembly 2 is fixedly mounted on the worktable. The grinding assembly 2 adopts the grinding wheel grinding structure commonly used in traditional grinding machines. During grinding, the tailstock 4 is driven to move closer to the headstock 3 through the lead screw transmission system, so that the headstock 3 and the center mechanism 5 on the tailstock 4 move closer to each other. Thus, the center mechanism 5 performs coaxial high-precision positioning of the half shaft, and then the half shaft is stably limited.

[0043] When the half-shaft is positioned between the headstock 3 and the tailstock 4, the grinding assembly 2 is activated to grind the outer right circle of the half-shaft. Simultaneously, the track seat is slowly moved to the right, causing the track seat to move to the right as a whole through the headstock 3 and tailstock 4. This allows the grinding assembly 2 to grind the entire outer circle of the half-shaft in sequence. When the ground outer circle area on the right side of the half-shaft corresponds to the auxiliary mechanism 6, the auxiliary mechanism 6 supports the ground area of ​​the half-shaft, effectively preventing large displacement of the half-shaft during the grinding process and sharing the limiting pressure of the center mechanism 5, thereby further ensuring the grinding accuracy of the half-shaft as a whole.

[0044] See Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The top mechanism 5 includes a positioning top 51, a limiting top 52, and abutting disc 53 arranged from the inside out and sliding and nested to each other. The top mechanism 5 also includes a moving component 54 that drives the positioning top 51, the limiting top 52, and the abutting disc 53 to slide and extend left and right.

[0045] In this embodiment, the positioning top 51, the limiting top 52 and the abutting disc 53 are positioned at the head end near the middle of the track seat and at the tail end away from the middle of the track seat. The head end of the abutting disc 53 has a disc structure and the tail end has a cylindrical structure.

[0046] When grinding of the half-shaft is required, such as Figure 6 As shown, firstly, the positioning top 51 extends out through the moving component 54, so that the head end of the positioning top 51 extends out of the head end of the limiting top 52. Then, the tailstock 4 is moved close to the headstock 3, so that the head end of the positioning top 51 on the tailstock 4 and the headstock 3 is inserted into the center hole corresponding to the half shaft. Thus, through the fit between the head end of the positioning top 51 and the wall of the center hole of the half shaft, the half shaft and the positioning top 51 are coaxially positioned with high precision.

[0047] Then, the moving component 54 extends to abut the disc 53, causing the disc structure of the abutment disc 53 to abut against the end of the half-shaft. This allows the frictional force of the abutment disc 53 against the end face of the half-shaft to provide initial positioning of the half-shaft. Figure 7 As shown, the moving component 54 then retracts the positioning top 51, while simultaneously extending the limiting top 52, so that the head of the limiting top 52 is inserted into the center hole corresponding to the half shaft, thus performing secondary limiting on the half shaft. At the same time, the head of the positioning top 51 no longer contacts the center hole, thereby preventing the load on the half shaft during grinding from causing additional wear to the positioning top 51, thus protecting the positioning top 51. This allows for long-term high-precision positioning through the positioning top 51, improving grinding efficiency.

[0048] To ensure high-precision positioning of the half-axis by the positioning top 51 and the limiting effect of the limiting top 52 on the half-axis, the present invention designs the following structure: (See attached diagram) Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The head ends of the positioning top 51 and the limiting top 52 are tapered structures with the same taper, and the taper of the tapered structure is the same as that of the center hole of the half shaft. The head ends of the positioning top 51 and the limiting top 52 nested together are provided with slots for interlocking and inserting into each other.

[0049] When the positioning top 51 and the limiting top 52 are sequentially inserted into the center hole of the half shaft, they can fit against the wall of the center hole of the half shaft with a large contact area and support range, ensuring the high-precision alignment effect of the positioning top 51 on the half shaft, while also improving the limiting quality of the limiting top 52 on the half shaft, providing a more stable reference basis for subsequent grinding processes.

[0050] To sequentially control the extension and retraction of the positioning top 51, the abutment disk 53, and the limiting top 52, thereby achieving high-precision positioning, stable limiting, and protection of the positioning reference for the half-shaft, this invention designs the following structure: (See attached diagram) Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The moving component 54 includes a connecting rod 541 connected to the tail end of the positioning top 51 via a quick-release structure and nested inside the limiting top 52. Both the head frame 3 and the tail frame 4 are fixedly installed with hydraulic cylinders 542 that control the left and right extension and retraction of the corresponding connecting rod 541.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, when positioning the half-shaft, the telescopic section of the hydraulic cylinder 542 extends, causing the hydraulic cylinder 542 to push the connecting rod 541 to drive the positioning top 51 to move synchronously, thereby causing the head end of the positioning top 51 to extend out of the limiting top 52. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the quick-release structure includes a quick-release post fixedly installed at the tail end of the positioning top 51. A groove is provided on the outer side of the quick-release post. Several limit rods are circumferentially distributed on the connecting rod 541 and are slidably installed along its radial direction. Both ends of the limit rods are dome-shaped structures. A clearance groove is opened on the inner side of the limiting top 52.

[0052] When disassembling and installing the positioning top 51, the telescopic section of the hydraulic cylinder 542 extends, causing the connecting rod 541 to move the limiting rod on it to the position of the corresponding limiting top 52's clearance groove. At this time, the operator can manually pull out the old positioning top 51. The positioning top 51 drives the quick-release column to move synchronously, so that the edge of the groove on the quick-release column contacts the inner dome structure of the limiting rod, thereby causing the groove to push the limiting rod outward. The outer dome structure of the limiting rod then extends into the clearance groove of the limiting top 52, thereby removing the positioning top 51 from the connecting rod 541.

[0053] The operator then inserts the new positioning top 51 onto the connecting rod 541, retracts the telescopic section of the hydraulic cylinder 542, and manually presses the positioning top 51 against the connecting rod 541. This causes the edge of the relief groove of the limiting top 52 to push the limiting rod inward, resulting in the inner dome structure of the limiting rod locking into the quick-release post groove on the new positioning top 51. This quickly locks the new positioning top 51 and the connecting rod 541 together, completing the quick replacement of the positioning top 51. The operator can conveniently replace the worn positioning top 51 without disassembling the entire center mechanism 5, significantly shortening equipment maintenance time and effectively improving the overall efficiency of half-shaft grinding.

[0054] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The moving component 54 also includes a moving frame 545 that is rotatably disposed at the tail end of the abutment disc 53 and slidably connected to the head frame 3 and the tail frame 4. Both the head frame 3 and the tail frame 4 are fixedly installed with hydraulic cylinders 546 that control the sliding of the corresponding moving frame 545.

[0055] After the positioning top 51 performs high-precision positioning of the half shaft, the extension section of the hydraulic cylinder 3 546 extends, driving the moving frame 545 to move closer to the half shaft. This causes the moving frame 545 to drive the disc structure of the abutment disc 53 to abut against the end of the half shaft, thereby performing primary positioning of the half shaft.

[0056] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The moving component 54 also includes a connecting frame 543 that is rotatably disposed on the outer side of the tail end of the limiting top 52 and slidably connected to the head frame 3 and the tail frame 4. A hydraulic cylinder 544 for controlling the sliding of the corresponding connecting frame 543 is fixedly installed in both the head frame 3 and the tail frame 4.

[0057] After the half-shaft is initially limited, the extension section of hydraulic cylinder 2 544 extends while the extension section of hydraulic cylinder 1 542 retracts, so that the positioning top 51 no longer contacts the half-shaft, thus ensuring that the positioning top 51 is not subjected to additional wear during the grinding process. At the same time, hydraulic cylinder 2 544 drives the head end of the limiting top 52 to extend into the center hole of the half-shaft, thereby performing a traditional center-type secondary limiting on the half-shaft, further ensuring the limiting effect on the half-shaft and ensuring the grinding quality.

[0058] In order to drive the half-shaft to rotate, thereby performing grinding on the entire outer diameter of the half-shaft, the present invention designs the following structure: (See reference) Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A sleeve 531 is rotatably provided on the side of the head frame 3 and the tail frame 4 that are close to each other. The inner side of the sleeve 531 is slidably nested with the outer side of the corresponding abutting disc 53. A driven gear 532 is fixedly installed on the sleeve 531. A synchronous motor 533 is fixedly installed inside the head frame 3 and the tail frame 4. A driving gear 534 that meshes with the corresponding driven gear 532 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the synchronous motor 533.

[0059] During grinding, the synchronous motor 533 is started, which drives the drive gear 534 to rotate. The drive gear 534 drives the driven gear 532 to rotate, which drives the sleeve 531 to rotate. The sleeve 531 drives the corresponding abutment disc 53 to rotate, and the abutment disc 53 drives the limit top 52 to rotate synchronously. This causes the limit top 52 and the abutment disc 53 to rotate synchronously, thus rotating the half shaft. At the same time, the grinding assembly 2 is started to place the high-speed rotating grinding wheel on the outer circle of the half shaft, thereby performing grinding operations on the half shaft.

[0060] See Figure 1 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 The auxiliary mechanism 6 includes two V-blocks 62 arranged in a front-to-back manner and used to clamp and limit the half shaft via a clamping assembly 61. The V-blocks 62 are fixedly located on the right side of the grinding assembly 2. When the half shaft moves to the right to the position where the grinding has been completed and corresponds to the V-blocks 62, the two V-blocks 62 move synchronously with the clamping assembly 61 to move closer to each other, so that the V-blocks 62 provide high-precision support for the ground half shaft area, thereby achieving stable limiting throughout the half shaft grinding process and enabling long-term high-precision grinding operations.

[0061] To achieve adaptive auxiliary support for half-shafts of different diameters, the present invention designs the following structure: (See attached diagram) Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 Several balls 621 are arranged in a matrix on the sides of the two V-shaped blocks 62 that are close to each other. The middle position of the V-shaped blocks 62 is in the same horizontal plane as the axis of the positioning top 51.

[0062] like Figure 10 As shown, when the V-block 62 clamps the rotating half-shaft, according to the outer diameter of the half-shaft, the V-block 62 automatically achieves rolling contact between the balls 621 on it and the outer surface of the half-shaft. This not only achieves stable support and positioning of the half-shaft, but also avoids damage to the machined surface that may be caused by rigid clamping. It effectively prevents the half-shaft from undergoing large radial displacement due to the grinding force when the grinding process reaches the middle area of ​​the half-shaft. It further shares the end-positioning pressure of the limiting top 52 and the abutment disc 53, thereby further ensuring the grinding accuracy of the half-shaft as a whole.

[0063] To achieve the clamping and limiting of the V-block 62 relative to the half-shaft, the present invention designs the following structure: (See further details) Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 The clamping assembly 61 includes an L-shaped seat 611 fixedly connected to the track assembly 1. Two symmetrically arranged sliding plates 612 are slidably arranged on the upper side of the horizontal section of the L-shaped seat 611. The upper end of the sliding plate 612 is fixedly connected to the corresponding V-shaped block 62. A bidirectional screw 613 is rotatably arranged inside the horizontal section of the L-shaped seat 611 to drive the two sliding plates 612 to move synchronously in opposite directions. A reduction motor 614 that drives the bidirectional screw 613 to rotate is fixedly installed on the front side of the L-shaped seat 611.

[0064] When the half-shaft moves to the right to the position where the grinding has been completed and corresponds to the V-block 62, the geared motor 614 is started to drive the bidirectional screw 613 to rotate. The bidirectional screw 613 drives the two sliding plates 612 to move in opposite directions synchronously, so that the two sliding plates 612 drive the V-block 62 on them to clamp the outer circle of the rotating half-shaft, forming auxiliary support.

[0065] The positioning top 51, limiting top 52, and abutment disc 53 in this invention are all made of high-strength wear-resistant material. In this embodiment, the head frame 3 and the tail frame 4 have the same shape and are both composed of two parts connected by bolts, which facilitates the maintenance and repair of the internal structure of the head frame 3 and the tail frame 4.

[0066] Although this invention adds components such as a positioning top 51, a limiting top 52, and abutment disc 53 compared to traditional grinding machines, which increases the initial equipment investment cost to some extent, it fundamentally avoids additional wear on the positioning reference by separating the dual functions of high-precision positioning and bearing the grinding load of the traditional center. The positioning top 51 performs high-precision alignment independently and then retracts for protection. Meanwhile, the limiting top 52 and abutment disc 53 bear the complex load during the grinding process, and together with the V-block 62 and its ball bearings 621, they provide auxiliary support to the ground half-shaft area, significantly improving the long-term accuracy stability and processing efficiency of half-shaft grinding. Furthermore, the quick-release structure makes the replacement of the positioning top 51 extremely convenient, greatly shortening equipment maintenance downtime and reducing subsequent maintenance costs. Therefore, this invention can quickly balance the initial investment and achieve significant economic benefits by reducing the frequency of center replacement, improving yield and production efficiency in a short period.

[0067] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0068] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "number one," and "number two" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," "number one," or "number two" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0069] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grinding apparatus for automobile half-shafts, comprising a track assembly and a grinding assembly, characterized in that, The track assembly is equipped with a fixed head frame and a sliding tail frame. Both the head frame and the tail frame are equipped with a center mechanism for aligning and locking the end of the half shaft. The track assembly is also equipped with an auxiliary mechanism for supporting the polished area of ​​the half shaft. The top mechanism includes a positioning top, a limiting top, and a backing plate arranged from the inside out and sliding and nested together. The head ends of the positioning top and the limiting top are conical structures with the same taper. The head ends of the nested positioning top and the limiting top are provided with slots that are staggered and inserted into each other. The top-level mechanism also includes a drive positioning top, a limit top, and a moving component that slides and extends and retracts left and right against the disk; The moving component includes a connecting rod that is connected to the tail end of the positioning top via a quick-release structure and is nested inside the limiting top. A hydraulic cylinder that controls the left and right extension and retraction of the corresponding connecting rod is fixedly installed in both the head frame and the tail frame. The moving component also includes a connecting frame that is rotatably disposed on the outer side of the limiting top tail end and slidably connected to the head frame and tail frame. A hydraulic cylinder two for controlling the sliding of the corresponding connecting frame is fixedly installed inside the head frame and tail frame. The moving component also includes a moving frame that is rotatably disposed at the end of the abutment of the disc and slidably connected to the head frame and the tail frame. Each of the head frame and the tail frame is fixedly installed with a hydraulic cylinder three that controls the sliding of the corresponding moving frame. The quick-release structure includes a quick-release post fixedly installed at the tail end of the positioning top. A groove is provided on the outer side of the quick-release post. Several limit rods are distributed circumferentially on the connecting rod and are slidably installed along its radial direction. Both ends of the limit rods are dome-shaped structures. A clearance groove is opened on the inner side of the limit top. Before grinding, the positioning top is extended to perform high-precision coaxial positioning of the half shaft, and then the half shaft position is locked by the abutting disc and the limiting top in sequence. Finally, the positioning top is retracted to protect it. The auxiliary mechanism includes two V-blocks arranged in a front-to-back configuration via a clamping assembly, which are used to clamp and limit the half-shaft. When the half-shaft moves to the right, the V-blocks are fixed on the right side of the grinding assembly to support the half-shaft after grinding. Several balls are arranged in a matrix on the adjacent sides of the two V-blocks, and the center of the V-blocks is in the same horizontal plane as the axis of the positioning top. The positioning top extends for positioning and retracts for protection, while the V-block provides support, enabling long-term grinding operations.

2. The automobile half-shaft grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the head frame and the tail frame are rotatably equipped with sleeves on the sides that are close to each other, and the inner side of the sleeve is slidably nested and connected to the outer side of the corresponding abutting disc.

3. The automobile half-shaft grinding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, A driven gear is fixedly installed on the sleeve, and a synchronous motor is fixedly installed inside both the head frame and the tail frame. A driving gear that meshes with the corresponding driven gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the synchronous motor.

4. The automobile half-shaft grinding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes an L-shaped seat fixedly connected to the track assembly. Two symmetrically arranged sliding plates are slidably arranged on the upper side of the horizontal section of the L-shaped seat. The upper end of the sliding plates is fixedly connected to the corresponding V-shaped block.

5. The automobile half-shaft grinding apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The horizontal section of the L-shaped base is rotatably equipped with a bidirectional screw that drives two sliding plates to move synchronously in opposite directions, and a geared motor that drives the bidirectional screw to rotate is fixedly installed on the front side of the L-shaped base.

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