Method and device for producing sheet of material from stacked planar substrate

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a sheet of material from stacked planar substrates having two planar sides (2) and a plurality of lateral edges (4), the substrates (1) being provided with a first adhesive (3) on at least one of the planar sides (2) by means of a first device (16) in a preferably automated production process, the substrates being stacked and pressed. The method according to the invention consists in the use of a medicament (19) for modifying the first adhesive (3) and / or of the second adhesive (5) on at least one predefined region (6) on at least one planar side (2) of the substrate (1). The device according to the invention is characterized in that a second device (18) for discharging the second adhesive (5), a mixture of the first adhesive (3) and the modifying agent (19) and / or the modifying agent (19) for the first adhesive (3) is arranged on at least one predetermined region (6) on at least one planar side (2) of the substrate (1).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for manufacturing a material plate from stacked planar substrates.

[0002] Furthermore, the present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing material plates from stacked planar substrates. Background Technology

[0003] In the manufacturing process of material boards, flat substrates can be stacked flat on top of each other and pressed in a press with or without heat input. Commercially common and known types mainly include the manufacture of HPL (high-pressure laminate) or plywood (Sperrholzplatte) or veneer (layer board). For the latter, relatively thin veneer layers (furnierschicht) are glued to their flat sides, stacked, and pressed in a stepwise manner in a press to form plywood, as known for example in DE 198 82 772 C2.

[0004] In addition to the conventional possibility of manufacturing veneer packages for pressing in a step press, it is also possible to form veneer strings consisting of veneer panels or veneer packages placed in sequence, as shown in DE 35 40 567 A1 or DE 196 27 024 A1.

[0005] These manufacturing methods have been proven over decades and are used in industries worldwide. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The objective of this invention is to provide a method and an apparatus that can significantly reduce current requirements for sustainability and reduce material consumption or the generation of related waste.

[0007] The task solution for the device lies in the combination of features according to claim 1.

[0008] The present invention is based on a method for manufacturing a material board from stacked planar substrates, preferably decorative panels, having two planar sides and multiple side edges, wherein, in a preferably automated manufacturing process, the substrates are provided with a first adhesive on at least one planar side, the substrates are stacked and pressed in a step-by-step press or a continuous press.

[0009] The invention is characterized in that an agent for modifying the first adhesive and / or a second adhesive are used in at least one predetermined area on at least one planar side of the substrate.

[0010] In an advantageous manner, it offers the following benefits compared to existing technologies:

[0011] By selectively altering the adhesive along and / or transverse to the production direction, a higher proportion or stronger adhesive can be applied to areas subject to higher loads later, such as cut edges or areas in fittings used in furniture manufacturing. The edges of material panels are prone to cracking or fraying during processing, which can be prevented here by using appropriately stronger adhesives between layers. This also improves the pull-out force (pull-out resistance, tensile strength) of the fittings. Generally, stronger adhesives are more expensive, so targeted application allows for the economical use of the same, stronger adhesive only in pre-defined areas.

[0012] Furthermore, it is advantageous to be able to selectively control the hardening rate in specific areas during the manufacturing and pressing of the material panels. For example, it is advantageous if the outer areas adjacent to the edges of the material panels to be manufactured have adhesives that harden earlier or faster. This has the advantage that during pressing, less or preferably no volatile substances such as vapors or adhesive components escape from the stack of individual veneer panels or substrates. In addition to the environmental aspects of the production process, it also ensures that edge areas, which are typically heavily trimmed after the production of the material panels, require less trimming, or even no trimming at all, because these areas are fully hardened and no adhesive chemicals or volatile components are lost to the environment compared to the inner areas of the material panels.

[0013] Finally, it is advantageous if the edges or outer edges of the material sheet to be manufactured harden faster due to temperature differences. Although the pressing area is hot, the edges of the stack to be pressed are exposed to the environment, which can result in temperature differences compared to the inner areas. A uniform adhesive distribution can lead to insufficient strength in the outer areas due to a lack of adequate full curing temperature. By selectively altering or adjusting the adhesive in the edge areas at the side plane, known temperature differences can now be anticipated or selectively controlled, providing a faster-curing adhesive by giving the adhesive a chemically earlier curing start (more hardener or other additives), or by pre-activating the adhesive by increasing the temperature of the corresponding edge areas to lower the curing temperature. The possibilities described for edge areas can, of course, also be provided for other areas or additional areas of at least one planar side.

[0014] This invention primarily relates to material panels made of a substrate with multiple planar surfaces. These material panels may consist of veneer panels, plastic layers, or similar planar elements that are planarly bonded together by means of an adhesive that hardens in a press, thereby forming the material panel or plywood. Preferably, multiple (outer) layers (structures) or layers are stacked and pressed together.

[0015] Conventional adhesives are typically applied to the entire surface of the substrate, for example, by allowing the substrate to pass through a falling adhesive curtain. However, it is also possible to selectively apply the first and / or second adhesives to pre-defined areas on the sides of the surface. Overlapping different adhesives can be advantageous.

[0016] The substrate or material sheet has an upper planar side and a lower planar side, as well as edges of multiple sides. If continuous pressing of a string is performed, the string has two long sides (longitudinal sides) or long edges (longitudinal edges). When pressing is performed in a stepwise or stacked manner in a continuous press, the material sheet has three, four, or more circumferential edges, depending on the geometry.

[0017] Manufacturing can be done manually or partially or fully automatically.

[0018] According to the stacking instructions, two planar sides of a substrate are placed on top of each other, and one or both planar sides may be provided with a conventional adhesive. A second adhesive or a modified first adhesive may also be applied to the opposing planar sides, provided that two different types of adhesives, whether modified or different, are present when the two planar sides come into contact during the layer building and pressing process, or when they are in contact. Other types of substrates, such as reinforcements or support plates, may also be used in the stacked structure used for pressing. As long as they do not have their own adhesive or activatable adhesive characteristics, they are generally treated like substrates and accordingly provided with adhesives.

[0019] In the context of this invention, two types of adhesives may be used, among which,

[0020] - After the first adhesive is applied to the substrate, the first adhesive is modified in a pre-defined area or zone;

[0021] - Modify the first adhesive before applying it to the substrate;

[0022] - Use a second adhesive for the pre-defined area, and / or

[0023] - Provide the agent for modification to the pre-defined area, and then apply the first adhesive.

[0024] These variations are subject to few restrictions as long as an adhesive with different properties than the adhesive in the rest of the regions is present in a pre-defined zone or area during the pressing process.

[0025] Other advantageous configurations for configuring the method are provided in the dependent claims, which can be arbitrarily combined with each other or with the main features mentioned above.

[0026] It can be specified that a pre-defined region hardens faster or earlier than the first adhesive during pressing by the agent used to modify the first adhesive and / or the second adhesive, and / or requires a lower reaction temperature than the first adhesive. Here, the pre-defined region is particularly preferably arranged planarly at the edges of the side portions of the substrate, the edges of which are accessible to the surrounding environment or atmosphere during pressing.

[0027] Particularly preferred is that the pre-defined area is arranged at least along the edge of one side of the substrate, and preferably at the edges of all sides. The edge can also be understood as a subsequent cutting edge during the production or division of the material sheet.

[0028] Alternatively or cumulatively, for a predetermined area along the edge of the side of the substrate, a safe distance can be maintained between the predetermined area and the edge of the side of the substrate to prevent the presence of the first adhesive, the second adhesive, and / or the agent used for modification. This helps to avoid contamination of the surrounding device during the discharge of other agents, or thereby ensures that external corners / edges are not wetted or are only slightly wetted by adhesive due to subsequent trimming, which facilitates subsequent reuse or thermal utilization.

[0029] Regarding the order, it may be advantageous to apply or spray an agent for modifying the first adhesive onto the substrate in a predetermined area or on a predetermined area of ​​the substrate.

[0030] Alternatively, the first adhesive may be mixed with an agent for modifying the first adhesive before being discharged into a predetermined area. Here, "alternative" means that it can be freely combined with any other possibility in the sense of the invention, in the context of comparable applications.

[0031] Particularly preferably, the concentration of individual components of the first adhesive or the composition of the Leimflotte system is altered by contact or mixing with a modifying agent. This alteration can preferably achieve faster curing properties than the first adhesive, for example, by lowering the curing temperature or accelerating chemical curing.

[0032] Policies that can be used to modify the first adhesive also include hardeners, reaction accelerators, polyols, agents for lowering the curing temperature, or the like.

[0033] When manufacturing decorative panels, industrial MDI (methylene diphenyl isoisocyanate), pMDI (polymeric methylene diphenyl isoisocyanate), or eMDI (emulsified methylene diphenyl isoisocyanate) is preferably used as the first adhesive. In this case, preferably, as an agent for modifying the first adhesive, the polyol is coated or sprayed onto a predetermined area having the first adhesive, or directly coated or sprayed onto the substrate. Alternatively, the polyol may be incorporated into the adhesive for modification before the adhesive is discharged onto the predetermined area of ​​the substrate.

[0034] Regarding the pre-defined area on the side of the plane, one may select a pre-defined pattern, the area around the edge of a later cut edge, a furniture-making drill or attachment on the material to be manufactured, and / or the edge area on at least one long side or edge of the substrate.

[0035] Preferably, the pre-given area has a width of 200 mm, particularly preferably 150 mm, and very particularly preferably less than 100 mm.

[0036] In a potentially preferred application, the first adhesive is applied to at least one planar side of the substrate, preferably covering the entire surface. For this purpose, a large-area application, or a curtain of adhesive, advantageously transverse to the transport direction, is suitable, through which the substrate is guided.

[0037] Alternatively or cumulatively, the agent or second adhesive used to modify the first adhesive may be applied to the substrate by roller application or spray application, wherein atomization is preferably performed using a pressure nozzle or a dual-material nozzle.

[0038] Alternatively or cumulatively, to support faster curing, the corresponding area or long side of the substrate can be pressed in a press at higher pressure and / or temperature.

[0039] Alternatively or cumulatively, to modify the first adhesive, the temperature of the first adhesive and / or the agent to be coated for modification can be increased, preferably on the substrate or on a stack, and very preferably by inputting thermal or electromagnetic energy. By increasing the temperature, the second adhesive can cure more quickly.

[0040] In another preferred embodiment, a first adhesive may be applied to a planar side of a first substrate, and an agent for modifying the first adhesive and / or a second adhesive may be applied to the corresponding opposing planar sides of a second substrate. When the two planar sides are joined or stacked, the agent for modification is located in a predetermined area and in contact with the first adhesive, or the second adhesive is arranged in a predetermined area.

[0041] The solution to the device's task lies in a combination of the features claimed in claim 16.

[0042] Hereinafter, the invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing material boards from stacked planar substrates, the stacked planar substrates preferably being decorative panels (veneers, wood veneers) having two planar sides and multiple edges, the substrates being provided with a first adhesive on at least one planar side in a first device during a preferably automated manufacturing process, the substrates being stacked in a stacking area, and the stacks being fed individually as stacks or as a series to a stepper press or a continuous press by a conveying device to press them into material boards.

[0043] The device of the present invention is characterized by a second means, for at least one pre-defined area on a planar side of a substrate,

[0044] This device is suitable for

[0045] - Used to discharge the second adhesive,

[0046] - For discharging the mixture consisting of the first adhesive and the agent for modification, and / or

[0047] -A reagent used to discharge the agent used to modify the first adhesive.

[0048] In an advantageous manner, the second device is used to dispense the agent for modification, dispense the modified adhesive, or dispense the second adhesive, and may be located in the transport direction of the substrate before, after, before, or within the stacking area itself of the first device for the first adhesive. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Other advantageous aspects and configurations of the subject matter of this invention will be derived from the following description with accompanying drawings.

[0050] The attached diagram shows:

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a material board (right side) made of stacked substrates (middle), wherein at least one planar side (left side), in a pre-defined area, there are additional adhesives or modifications of adhesives.

[0052] Figure 2 It is based on Figure 1 Another example of a pre-defined area arranged parallel to the outer edge in the production direction.

[0053] Figure 3 It is based on Figure 1 For example, there are safety distances for corners where adhesive should not be placed.

[0054] Figure 4This is a schematic and highly simplified structure of equipment used to manufacture material boards from substrates that undergo adhesive coating and stacking processes, and

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic structure of an alternative device, used to illustrate possible application areas of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] exist Figures 1 to 5 In the accompanying drawings, the same elements have the same reference numerals.

[0057] exist Figure 1 In the diagram, a schematic representation of a material board 17 (right side) being manufactured from stacked substrates 1 (middle) can be seen. Typically, starting from the stack 7 of substrates, the stack 7 is compacted using a press and, if necessary, heated, thereby allowing the planar adhesive between the substrates to harden. This planar adhesive is mostly applied to a planar side 2 of the substrate. Such a planar side 2 is shown on the left and has pre-defined areas 6 and four edges 4, where a second adhesive is applied or where the first adhesive is modified. Typically, in the stack to be pressed, there is no adhesive on the outer planar sides; therefore, in cases where adhesive is typically applied to the upper planar surface, the topmost substrate remains unadhesive or is provided by the outer stack.

[0058] according to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The pre-defined region 6 can be arranged adjacent to the edge and / or in any pattern, here being a strip with a width of 8 in the center of the planar side. In a preferred embodiment, the pre-defined region 6 is arranged at a safe distance 9 at the edge 4. This is advantageous when later applying the agent for modification or a second adhesive, i.e., the substrate's environment or transportation opportunities (not shown) are not contaminated.

[0059] Figure 4 A possible apparatus is shown in a very simplified manner, significantly simplified from reality, wherein substrate 1 is transported separately on conveyor belt 11 in transport direction 10 and, according to the prior art, through a first device 16 for a first adhesive 3 to provide adhesive to the upper planar side 2. Furthermore, the adhesive-coated substrate 1 is fed on transfer belt 12 to stacking area 14, where it is stacked with other substrates 1 to form a stack 7. The completed stack 7 is fed to press 13 via conveyor 15, which is here a continuous-operation dual-belt press, in which the stack 7 is pressed into a material plate 17.

[0060] According to the present invention and Figure 4 and Figure 5Now, before and / or after the first device 16 for applying the adhesive, another device 18 is used to apply the modifying agent or other adhesive 5 to a pre-defined area 6. For example, there is a roller applicator (as the second device 18) on the left side of the first device 16, and a spray applicator (as the second device 18) on the right side of the first device 16. Figure 5 In the middle, the second device 18 is arranged in the stacking area 14.

[0061] Therefore, the second device 18 is at least suitable for modifying the first adhesive 3 with agent 19 or other agents, discharging the second adhesive 5, or discharging the modified first adhesive (3 and 19 together).

[0062] Therefore, the order for using the pre-given region 6 could be:

[0063] - First, apply the agent 19 for modification, then apply the first adhesive 3.

[0064] - First, apply or use the first adhesive 3, then apply or use the modifying agent 19.

[0065] - Apply the second adhesive 5, with or without the first adhesive 3, and / or

[0066] - First adhesive modified with coating agent 19 3

[0067] Subsequently, and independently of the foregoing figures, it should be noted that, in one possible alternative, modification of the first adhesive includes not only the chemical application or alteration of the first adhesive, but also the use of convective or electromagnetic energy to modify the first adhesive to alter its curing properties.

[0068] Alternatively, one could consider irradiating the first adhesive with a specific wavelength, such as UV light, as long as this can achieve the desired effect on the adhesive.

[0069] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram:

[0070] 1. Substrate

[0071] 2. Planar side

[0072] 3. Adhesive (First)

[0073] 4. Edge

[0074] 5. Adhesive (Second)

[0075] 6 areas (for adhesive 3 / for modifier 19, for modifier 19 / adhesive 3, adhesive 3 and for modifier 19 together or adhesive 5)

[0076] 7. Stacking

[0077] 8 Width (of area 6)

[0078] 9. Safe distance

[0079] 10. Transportation Direction

[0080] 11. Conveyor Belt

[0081] 12 Transfer Zone

[0082] 13 Press

[0083] 14 Stacking Area

[0084] 15 Conveying device

[0085] 16. Apparatus (for adhesive 3)

[0086] 17 Material Board

[0087] 18. Apparatus (discharging adhesive 5, agent 19 for modification, or adhesive 3 and agent 19 for modification together)

[0088] 19. Agents for modification (for adhesives 3).

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a material board from stacked planar substrates, the substrates preferably being decorative panels having two planar sides (2) and edges (4) of a plurality of sides, wherein the substrates (1) are provided with a first adhesive (3) on at least one planar side (2) in a preferred automated manufacturing process, the substrates (1) being stacked and pressed in a walking beam press or a continuous press (13), characterized in that, At least one pre-defined area (6) on at least one planar side (2) of the substrate (1) is treated with an agent (19) for modifying the first adhesive (3) and / or with a second adhesive (5).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-given region (6) hardens faster or earlier during pressing than the first adhesive (3) and / or requires a lower reaction temperature than the first adhesive (3) by the agent (19) used to modify the first adhesive (3) and / or the second adhesive (5).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The pre-given area (6) is arranged at least along the edge (4) of one side of the substrate, and preferably at the edges (4) of all sides.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, For a predetermined area (6) along the edge (4) of the side of the substrate (1), a safe distance (9) is maintained between the predetermined area (6) and the edge (4) of the side of the substrate (1) without the first adhesive (3), the second adhesive (5) and / or the agent (19) used for modification.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Apply or spray an agent (19) for modifying the first adhesive (3) onto the substrate (1) in the predetermined area (6) or onto the first adhesive (3) in the predetermined area (6) on the substrate (1), or The first adhesive (3) is mixed with an agent (19) for modifying the first adhesive (3) before being discharged onto the pre-given area (6).

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, By contacting or mixing, the concentration of a single component of the first adhesive (3) or the composition of the adhesive system is changed by the agent (19) used for modification, preferably so that faster curing properties can be achieved relative to the first adhesive (3), for example by lowering the curing temperature or accelerating chemical hardening.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, As the agent (19) used to modify the first adhesive (3), a hardener, a reaction accelerator, a polyol, an agent for lowering the curing temperature, or the like are used.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, As the first adhesive (3), industrial MDI (methylene diphenyl isocyanate), pMDI (polymeric methylene diphenyl isocyanate) or eMDI (emulsified methylene diphenyl isocyanate) is used, and as an agent (19) for modifying the first adhesive (3), the polyol is preferably coated or sprayed onto the predetermined area (6) having the first adhesive (3) or directly coated or sprayed onto the substrate (1), or the polyol is accordingly mixed into the adhesive (3) for modification before the adhesive (3) is discharged onto the predetermined area (6) of the substrate (1).

9. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, As a pre-given area (6) on the plane side (2), a pre-given pattern is selected, the area around the subsequent cut edge of the material board to be manufactured, the drilling or attachment area for furniture manufacturing, and / or At least one long side or edge (4) of the substrate (1), The region (6) is preferably implemented with a width (8) of 200 mm, particularly preferably with a width (8) of 150 mm, and very particularly preferably with a width (8) of less than 100 mm.

10. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first adhesive (3) is applied to at least one planar side (2) of the substrate (1), preferably the entire area.

11. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, During the transport of the substrate (1), before or after the first adhesive (3) is applied, and / or after the substrate is arranged in the stacking area (14) to form a stack (7), an agent (19) for modifying the first adhesive (3), a mixture of the first adhesive (3) and the agent (19) for modification, and / or the second adhesive (5) are applied to the substrate (1), to the upper plane side and / or the lower plane side (2).

12. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The agent (19) used to modify the first adhesive (5) or the second adhesive (5) is applied to the substrate (1) by means of roller coating or spray coating, wherein preferably a pressure nozzle or dual-material nozzle is used for atomization.

13. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, To support faster curing, the corresponding region (6) or the long side of the substrate (1) is pressed at higher pressure and / or temperature in the press.

14. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, To modify the first adhesive (3), the temperature of the adhesive (3) and / or the agent (19) to be coated for modification is increased, preferably on the substrate (1) or stack (7), and most preferably by inputting thermal or electromagnetic energy.

15. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first adhesive (3) is applied to a planar side (2) of the first substrate (1), and an agent (19) for modifying the first adhesive (3) and / or a second adhesive (5) is applied to the corresponding opposite planar side (2) of the second substrate (1), and the two planar sides (2) are joined or stacked such that the agent (19) for modification is in contact with the first adhesive (3) in the predetermined area (6), or the second adhesive (5) is disposed in the predetermined area (6).

16. An apparatus for manufacturing a material sheet from a stacked planar substrate, preferably a decorative panel having two planar sides (2) and a plurality of edges (4), wherein the substrate is provided with a first adhesive (3) in a first device (16) on at least one planar side (2) during a preferably automated manufacturing process, the substrates (1) are stacked in a stacking area (14), and the stacks (7) are supplied individually as stacks (7) or as strings to a stepper press or a continuous press (13) via a conveying device (15) to be pressed into a material sheet (17), characterized in that, A second device (18) is arranged on at least one pre-defined area (6) on the planar side (2) of the substrate (1). Used to discharge the second adhesive (5) The mixture used to discharge the first adhesive (3) and the agent (19) used for modification, and / or The agent (19) used to dispose of the agent used to modify the first adhesive (3).

17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The second device (18) is used to discharge the agent (19), the modified first adhesive (3), or the second adhesive (5), and is arranged in the transport direction (10) of the substrate (1) before the first device (16), after the first device (16), before the stacking area (14), and / or within the stacking area (14) itself.

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