Buried solar light-emitting and light-reflecting spike

Abstract

A buried solar light-emitting and light-reflecting spike comprises a protective shell (1), an inner shell (2), a retroreflector (3), a light-emitting device (4), a photovoltaic device (5), an electronic circuit component (6), a packaging adhesive curing forming body (7) and a fastener (8), at least the top of the inner shell (2) is of a transparent material structure, the protective shell (1) is provided with a containing cavity (1q) with an upper opening, and an upper protruding body (1t) is arranged on the non-opening portion of the top of the protective shell (1). The protective shell (1) or / and the inner shell (2) is / are provided with a containing hole groove (3d), the containing hole groove (3d) and the retroreflector (3) are combined to form a lateral retroreflection structure, and all the components are packaged in a double-shell structure formed by combining the protective shell (1) and the inner shell (2) through a fastener (8) through a packaging glue curing forming body (7) to form the buried solar light-emitting and light-reflecting spike with a waterproof packaging structure and a high-strength structure. The inner side face of the upper convex body (1t) and the outer side face of the top of the inner shell (2) form a mechanical protection combined structure in a tolerance fit mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of traffic safety equipment, specifically to an in-ground road stud with luminous and reflective functions for road visibility guidance. Technical Background

[0002] Solar-powered road studs, also known as solar-powered raised pavement markers or solar-powered ground lights, are mainly installed on road surfaces. They store solar energy during the day and use solar power at night to illuminate light-emitting devices, thus alerting drivers. Visually appealing to pedestrians It can serve as a guide or prompt, or it can also act as an auxiliary lighting device for roads.

[0003] Existing solar-powered luminous road studs are mainly raised road studs, which have a luminous effect and can also have a reflective (retroreflective) function. However, because their main body protrudes from the road surface, they are easily damaged by the impact and crushing of passing vehicles, resulting in a high failure rate and greatly limiting the road sections in which they can be used.

[0004] Therefore, some have proposed an in-ground solar-powered illuminated road stud. During installation, the main body below the ground reference surface is buried in the road surface, while the top surface above the ground reference surface is exposed and flush with or slightly higher than the road surface. It has a lateral luminous function and is not easily damaged by the impact and crushing of passing vehicles. Moreover, it can withstand the impact of snowplows in winter in northern regions, making it popular in the market. However, while the existing structure greatly improves the pressure and impact resistance because the main body of the road stud is buried underground, it also loses its reflective properties.

[0005] In response, some people attempted to achieve reflectivity by pasting reflective film onto the outer surface of buried road studs in earlier years. However, due to the structural limitations of existing products, the retroreflected light was excessively biased towards the vertical direction, making it difficult to match the reflection angle with the vehicle lights and the driver's line of sight. In fact, there was almost no retroreflective function in the direction of vehicle travel (horizontal direction of the ground), which did not have the desired effect on the driver. Moreover, the reflective film was very easy to fall off due to the pressure of vehicle wheels, especially in sections with heavy traffic, high speeds, and many overloaded vehicles. It would fall off within a few days. Such attempts ended in failure.

[0006] Some people have tried to achieve reflectivity by pasting reflective film inside the transparent shell of the underground road stud body. Although this structure solves the risk of the reflective film falling off, it will affect the light-emitting effect of the light-emitting device. Moreover, since the reflective film must pass through the transparent shell and other media when reflecting, the light energy loss is large and the reflection efficiency is low. In addition, the main direction of the retroreflected light is easily deflected, and the reflection distance is only a few meters, which is meaningless. The reflection effect on the driver's direction is negligible. Such attempts have also ended in failure.

[0007] Furthermore, solar-powered illuminated road studs are prone to insufficient charging and reduced illumination during rainy seasons (such as the plum rain season in southern China), or failure to light up due to damage to batteries or other electronic components. In such cases, existing solar-powered illuminated road studs become functionally ineffective. With the increasing intelligence of transportation equipment, buried solar-powered illuminated road studs require the integration of sensors or wireless communication modules, sometimes needing to operate 24 / 7. This can easily lead to insufficient power, preventing the buried studs from fulfilling their intended function. Therefore, the necessity of reflective functionality becomes particularly prominent.

[0008] In recent years, with the increasing awareness of road traffic safety, the demand for solar-powered buried road studs, as a widely used traffic safety product, has been expanding, and their manufacturing technology has been continuously improving, especially the rapid development of smart road studs. However, to date, there have been no technological advancements or related reports on solar-powered buried road studs with retroreflective functions, either domestically or internationally. No relevant information can be found online, and no such products have been seen in the industry.

[0009] In conclusion, ensuring that buried solar-powered luminous road studs still retain their reflective indication function under the aforementioned specific conditions, withstand wheel crushing and foreign object impacts, adapt to the increasing traffic volume and the growing number of heavy and overloaded vehicles, and better meet the needs of intelligent development have become pressing problems for the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of the shortcomings of existing products, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an underground solar luminous reflective road stud with superior retroreflective and luminous performance, and with a high-strength structure (a reinforced structure with high compressive and impact resistance) and a waterproof encapsulation structure.

[0011] As a type of outdoor special optoelectronic equipment used in the field of traffic safety, it is one of the most difficult products to manufacture in this industry. It integrates a variety of components and has a complex structure. Not only is the operating environment extremely harsh and complex and variable, but it is also subject to various standards and conditions, and many of its parameters are mutually restrictive.

[0012] Under these premises, this invention innovates the product structure and assembly method, mechanical structure, packaging structure, optical structure, and optical path design of buried solar-powered reflective road studs. Combining the characteristics of different types of retroreflective components, it designs unique molding structures and assembly methods. Through extensive computer simulations and theoretical calculations, combined with mechanical model experiments, it achieves optimal design. In particular, it solves the problem of matching physical structure with optical angles within limited dimensions (mainly referring to the height restriction above the buried reference plane) and confined space (mainly referring to volume restriction). The lateral retroreflection angle can be less than 45°, making the design more flexible. The overall reflective performance is improved through the following innovative methods:

[0013] By combining the accommodating slot (3d) with the opening at the top facing the tilt angle θ1 with the retroreflector (3) with the deflection angle θ2 that deflects in the horizontal direction, and by compensating θ1-θ2=θ3 through the angle between θ1 and θ2, the angle θ3 between the main direction of the retroreflected light after the retroreflector (3) and the accommodating slot (3d) on the upper convex body (1t) and the buried reference surface is reduced, and the reflection efficiency in the horizontal direction (sometimes called retroreflection efficiency, which corresponds to the luminous intensity coefficient) can be effectively guaranteed. In particular, the horizontal (lateral) reflection of the retroreflection structure at a small angle to the ground is more advantageous.

[0014] Creatively, through multi-point distributed configuration of multiple retroreflectors, or a combination of point-surface distributed configurations, or combinations of different types of retroreflectors (dual or multiple configurations), a matching and angle compensation for the reflection angle (including the principal direction of the retroreflected light and the retroreflected light range angle; the principal direction of the retroreflected light is sometimes called the principal axis of reflection, corresponding to the direction where the luminous intensity coefficient is at its maximum, and the retroreflected light range angle corresponds to the incident angle of the vehicle headlight) is achieved. And through the superposition of the reflected brightness of multiple retroreflectors To improve the overall efficiency of retroreflection.

[0015] The brightness superposition effect of retroreflectors can be improved by combining front-and-back positions or / and left-and-right positions to enhance overall retroreflection efficiency and angle matching.

[0016] The overall retroreflection efficiency and angle matching can be improved by combining the hole-type accommodating slot and the groove-type accommodating slot and combining them with different structures or types of retroreflectors (3), and by utilizing the brightness superposition effect of the retroreflectors.

[0017] This invention breaks through the technical limitations of reflective devices, providing a longer reflective viewing distance, which is more beneficial to motor vehicle drivers. While ensuring the advantages of buried road studs such as waterproof, pressure-resistant, and impact-resistant performance, it not only guarantees the luminous performance of the original light-emitting devices but can even further improve it. It perfectly matches parameters such as reflective angle and luminous angle, reflective efficiency, and luminous brightness, solving a problem that has plagued the industry for many years. It can also maximize the reflective performance of the retroreflector, using the retroreflector to reflect vehicle lights to provide reflective guidance for motor vehicle drivers or pedestrians. Its reflective viewing distance can reach more than 150m, and its luminous viewing distance can reach more than 500m. It meets national and industry standards and is suitable for various road conditions. In particular, even in the specific situation of insufficient charging or depletion of power, it can still provide high-quality reflective guidance through the retroreflector, and its reflective angle and reflective performance can achieve the actual use effect.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper protrusion of the relatively stronger protective shell, with its inner side or inner wall near the opening of the accommodating cavity, and its top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell fitted with a certain tolerance, forms a combined structure that provides mechanical protection for the inner shell and / or the retroreflector. This structure not only provides some protection for the inner shell, making the overall structure stronger, but also makes the connection between the retroreflector and the road stud shell stronger. It can withstand high-frequency, high-load, and high-speed wheel crushing and foreign object impacts. After mechanical testing, its compressive strength can be greater than 100kN, and even more than 300kN, meeting national standards such as GB19813 and GB24725. It has a longer service life and is suitable for road sections with high traffic volume, high speed, and many overloaded and overweight vehicles. In particular, it can prevent snowplows from accidentally clearing snow in winter in northern regions, filling a market gap and greatly expanding the application field and scope of the product.

[0019] By utilizing the complementary functions of retroreflection and light emission, some power consumption can be saved, allowing for greater design margin in solar energy storage components to achieve intelligent control and better adapt to the trend of intelligent transportation development.

[0020] This invention combines the advantages of buried luminous road studs with the features of reflective road studs, possessing a very broad application prospect. It can effectively reduce road traffic safety accidents and improve road traffic efficiency, bringing significant benefits. Social benefits and economic benefits Economic benefits.

[0021] The specific technical solution of the present invention is: a buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud, comprising a protective shell (1), an inner shell (2) with at least the top (top surface) made of transparent material, a retroreflector (3), a light-emitting device (4), a photovoltaic device (5), electronic circuit components (6) containing energy storage elements (including but not limited to control and drive circuits, energy storage elements), a cured encapsulating adhesive (which may include transparent or opaque adhesive, sealant, structural adhesive, filler adhesive, preferably epoxy adhesive, silicone adhesive, or polyurethane adhesive) (7), and fasteners (8) (preferably screws and screw holes, bolts, and nuts).

[0022] The protective shell (1) is an integral cavity-shaped protective shell with a receiving cavity (1q) and an upper opening (1r) (sometimes called a window) at its top, or an assembled cavity-shaped protective shell with a receiving cavity (1q) and an upper opening (1r) at its top, formed by assembling at least two structural parts (assembled by fasteners).

[0023] The inner shell (2) is a shell with an optical structure (including but not limited to light refraction structure, light reflection structure, light focusing structure, light diffusion structure, light angle deflection structure, light ray (optical axis) upward shift structure, etc.) on its transparent part, and a receiving cavity (2q) is provided below its transparent top.

[0024] The strength of the protective shell (1) (including but not limited to one or more of structural strength, compressive strength, impact strength, and wear resistance) is greater than that of the inner shell (2). The lower part of the inner shell (2) is embedded in the accommodating cavity (1q) of the protective shell (1) and is connected by fasteners (8) to form a partially protected double shell structure (generally a partially double-layer structure or a partially multi-layer structure other than the transparent top shell) with the transparent top part of the inner shell (2) exposed or completely exposed.

[0025] The protective shell (1) has at least two upper protrusions (1t) (sometimes called protrusions or ridges) on its top part (including blocks or sections) with a height H relative to the buried reference plane. These protrusions serve as mechanical structures, mainly acting as supporting structures to bear loads and as protective structures to resist pressure and impact.

[0026] The top of the protective shell (1) and / or the top of the inner shell (2) are provided with receiving slots (3d) (including groove-type receiving slots or hole-type receiving slots). There is one, two or more receiving slots (3d). An antireflector (3) is attached to the receiving slot (3d), which can improve the bonding firmness of the antireflector (3) and prevent the antireflector (3) from loosening and falling off. At least one of the receiving slots (3d) has an antireflector (3) forming an antireflection structure in which the angle (horizontal elevation angle) between its main direction of retroreflected light (corresponding to the antireflection central axis with the highest reflectivity, sometimes also called the antireflection principal optical axis) and the buried reference plane is less than 45° (more preferably less than 30°, and even more preferably less than 15°).

[0027] The light-emitting device (4) is an LED light-emitting device. The light-emitting device (4), photovoltaic device (5), and electronic circuit components (6) are assembled by circuit connection and combined with encapsulating glue to cure and mold a body (7) and encapsulate it in the above-mentioned double shell structure to form a buried solar light-emitting reflective road stud with lateral reflective function, waterproof encapsulation structure, and high strength structure.

[0028] Among them, the inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) near the upper opening (1r) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (2) are formed by tolerance fitting to form a combination structure in which the upper protrusion (1t) can provide mechanical protection for the inner shell (2) and / or the retroreflector (3). The inner shell (2) includes at least a transparent top (light-collecting part of the photovoltaic device) where the photovoltaic device (5) is located, which is exposed from the upper opening (1r) of the protective shell (1) and is higher than the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1). The whole body has a light emission channel (sometimes called the emission light path or light emission path) through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1) (similar to a horizontal notch or a lateral notch) from the inside to the outside. Its cross-sectional structure can be referred to as: Figure 1 Or refer to Figure 2 Or refer to Figure 3 Or refer to Figure 4 Or refer to Figure 5 Or refer to Figure 6 Or refer to Figure 7 Or refer to Figure 8 Or refer to Figure 9 Or refer to Figure 10 As shown.

[0029] Furthermore, the protective shell (1) is a cavity-shaped protective shell with a receiving cavity (1q) and an upper opening (1r) (sometimes also called a window).

[0030] The protective shell (1) has at least two upper protrusions (1t) (sometimes called upper protrusions or raised parts) on the unopened part near the edge of the top. The upper protrusions have higher inner edges and lower outer edges, but are not lower than (equal to or higher than) the buried reference surface (the reference surface that is basically flush with the road surface when the road spike is installed on the road). The top of the protrusions is at a height H relative to the buried reference surface. At least one of the upper protrusions (1t) has a receiving groove (3d). The receiving groove (3d) is a hole-type receiving groove or / and a groove-type receiving groove. The receiving groove (3d) is combined with a retroreflector (3) through an interlocking structure and / or an adhesive layer (9) to form a lateral retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 45° (i.e., biased towards the horizontal direction).

[0031] The light-emitting device (4) is an LED light-emitting device. The light-emitting device (4), photovoltaic device (5), and electronic circuit components (6) are assembled by circuit connection and combined with the encapsulating glue cured molding body (7) and encapsulated in the accommodating cavity (2q) of the inner shell (2) to form a waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure with preliminary pressure and impact resistance (sometimes also called a waterproof encapsulation inner liner structure).

[0032] The lower part of the inner shell (2) is embedded in the accommodating cavity (1q) of the protective shell (1). The protective shell (1) and the waterproof encapsulated inner shell structure are combined by fasteners (8) to form an integral reinforced structure, thereby forming a ground-buried solar-powered reflective road stud with lateral reflective function, waterproof encapsulation structure, and high strength structure (further resistant to pressure and impact).

[0033] Among them, the inner side or inner wall (inner part) of the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) near the upper opening (1r) and the top outer side or outer wall (outer part) of the inner shell (2) are formed by tolerance fit to form a combination structure in which the upper protrusion (1t) acts as a protective block structure (including a stop block) or / and the upper protrusion (1t) acts as a protective edge structure (including a stop edge). The transparent top of the inner shell (2), including the part where the photovoltaic device (5) is located, is exposed from the upper opening (1r) of the protective shell (1) and is higher than the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1). The height of the top (top surface or top) of the inner shell (2) is slightly lower than or about equal to the height H of the upper protrusion (1t) (the height of its top relative to the buried reference surface) (therefore the top of the inner shell is protected by the upper protrusion, especially in the direction of the vehicle face). The top (top surface or top) of the retroreflector (3) in the accommodating slot (3d) is slightly lower than or approximately equal to the height H of the upper protrusion (1t) (therefore the retroreflector is protected by the upper protrusion in the direction of the vehicle face) but higher than the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), and the whole has at least one or at least one set of light-emitting devices (4) that emit light from the inside to the outside through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), and forms a lateral (also called horizontal) light-emitting structure in which the main direction of light emission (corresponding to the light emission center axis with the greatest light emission intensity) of at least one beam of light emitted through the light emission channel has an angle of less than 45° with the buried reference plane.

[0034] Furthermore, the front and rear sides (front and rear ends) of the protective shell (1) (facing the vehicle, which can withstand the frontal impact first and play a structural protection role) have an upper protrusion (1t) near the edge of the unopened part of the top, or / and the left and right sides (left and right ends) of the protective shell (1) (which can act as shoulder support and play a structural protection role) have an upper protrusion (1t) near the edge of the unopened part of the top, the upper protrusion (1t) of the protective shell (1) is a protrusion-type stop, or a protrusion-type edge, or a combination of a protrusion-type stop and a protrusion-type edge, or the upper protrusion (1t) of the protective shell (1) is an upper protrusion (1t) that rises from its outer edge inward.

[0035] Alternatively, two or more upper protrusions (1t) may be provided on the unopened portion of the top of the front and / or rear sides of the protective shell (1) near the edge, forming a low zone (1a) that is relatively low but not lower than the buried reference surface between adjacent upper protrusions (1t). Or, two or more upper protrusions (1t) may be provided on the unopened portion of the top of the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) near the edge, forming a low zone (1a) that is relatively low but not lower than the buried reference surface between adjacent upper protrusions (1t). Or, upper protrusions (1t) may be provided on the unopened portion of the top of the front and rear sides of the protective shell (1) and on the unopened portion of the top of the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) near the edge, forming a low zone (1a) that is relatively low but not lower than the buried reference surface between the upper protrusions (1t) of the front and rear sides of the protective shell (1) and the upper protrusions (1t) of the left and right sides of the protective shell (1).

[0036] Alternatively, the upper protrusion (1t) of the front (front end, corresponding to the vehicle-facing surface) or / rear (rear end) of the protective shell (1) is provided with a receiving groove (3d) that opens forward or / rear, and an anti-reflector (3) is attached to the receiving groove (3d). Alternatively, the upper protrusion (1t) of the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) is provided with a receiving groove (3d) that opens to the left and to the right, respectively, and an anti-reflector (3) is attached to the receiving groove (3d). Alternatively, the upper protrusion (1t) of the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) is provided with a receiving groove (3d) that opens forward or / and to the rear, and an anti-reflector (3) is attached to the receiving groove (3d).

[0037] Furthermore, the top of the protective shell (1) has multiple upper protrusions (1t) near the edge of its unopened portion. Each upper protrusion (1t) has a receiving slot (3d). The receiving slots (3d) are arranged in a front-to-back or / and left-to-right combination and are respectively combined with retroreflectors (3). The retroreflection efficiency can be improved through the angle matching and brightness superposition effect of the multi-point retroreflectors. (Refer to...) Figure 11 , 12 As shown in Figure 15.

[0038] Preferably, the upper protrusion (1t) on the front side of the protective shell (1) is provided with a forward-opening receiving slot (3d), and the upper protrusion (1t) on the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) is provided with a forward-opening hole-type receiving slot (3d), and a retroreflector (3) with the main direction of retroreflected light facing forward is respectively attached to the receiving slot (3d), or / and the upper protrusion (1t) on the rear side of the protective shell (1) is provided with a rearward-opening receiving slot (3d), and the upper protrusion (1t) on the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) is provided with a rearward-opening hole-type receiving slot (3d), and a retroreflector (3) with the main direction of retroreflected light facing backward is respectively attached to the receiving slot (3d).

[0039] Furthermore, the top of the protective shell (1) has multiple upper protrusions (1t) near the edge of its unopened portion. Each upper protrusion (1t) has a receiving slot (3d). The receiving slot (3d) is a combination of a hole-type receiving slot and a groove-type receiving slot. Different structures or types of retroreflectors (3) are combined in the hole-type receiving slot and the groove-type receiving slot, respectively. By combining the point and surface of the retroreflectors (3), the characteristics of different types of retroreflectors can be combined to maximize their advantages and minimize their disadvantages, so as to achieve the angle matching and brightness superposition effect of multiple retroreflectors and improve the retroreflection efficiency. This can be referred to Figure 36-42 As shown.

[0040] Preferably, the upper protrusion (1t) on the front and / or rear side of the protective shell (1) is provided with a groove-type receiving hole (3d). The groove-type receiving hole (3d) is combined with a microprism-type retroreflector composed of an array of multiple microprisms with a reflective coating at the bottom, or a microprism-type retroreflector composed of an array of multiple microprisms with an air layer at the bottom, or a microbead array combination type retroreflector composed of multiple small lens units with a reflective bottom layer at the bottom arranged in an array combination structure. The upper protrusion (1t) on the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) is provided with a hole-type receiving hole (3d). The hole-type receiving hole (3d) is combined with a lens unit type retroreflector with an optical lens structure with a spherical, curved or free surface, a reflective coating at the bottom, and satisfying the retroreflection condition.

[0041] Furthermore, the top of the protective shell (1) has at least two upper protrusions (1t) on the unopened part near the edge, which are lower than but not lower than the buried reference surface, and whose tops are at a height H relative to the buried reference surface, and which rise from low to high from the outer edge inward.

[0042] Furthermore, the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) is provided with a non-penetrating receiving groove (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is embedded into the receiving groove (3d) from top to bottom above its opening or from the outside of its opening into the receiving groove (3d). A glue-receiving groove or glue-extrusion seam is provided between the bottom surface of the retroreflector (3) and the receiving groove (3d) and / or the side wall of the reflector (3) and the receiving groove (3d). An adhesive layer (9) is provided (reserved) in the glue-receiving groove or glue-extrusion seam. The receiving groove (3d) is bonded to the retroreflector (3) through the adhesive layer (9). [The main function of the adhesive layer (9) is to form a structural fixation between the retroreflector (3) and the opening top cover (1A). It can be a transparent adhesive layer, a semi-transparent adhesive layer, or an opaque adhesive layer. The shape and thickness can be set as needed. Sometimes it can be used with the encapsulating glue cured molding body (7).]

[0043] Alternatively, the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) is provided with a through-type receiving slot (3d), and the retroreflector (3) is embedded into the receiving slot (3d) from below its through opening from bottom to top or from the inside of its through opening from inside to outside. A glue groove or glue extrusion seam is provided between the reflector (3) and the side wall of the receiving slot (3d), and an adhesive layer (9) is provided in the glue groove or glue extrusion seam. The receiving slot (3d) is bonded to the retroreflector (3) through the adhesive layer (9).

[0044] Furthermore, the upper protrusion (1t) has an antireflector (3) in the receiving slot (3d) through a plastic welding structure (when the protective shell is an organic reinforcing material).

[0045] Furthermore, the upper protrusion (1t) has a fixing hole (1k) in the receiving groove (3d), and a fastening screw is provided in the fixing hole (1k). The retroreflector (3) is located in the receiving groove (3d) above the fastening screw (particularly suitable for pre-formed reflective line patches after cutting).

[0046] Furthermore, the retroreflector (3) is bonded to the receiving groove (3d) of the protective shell (1) through a relatively hard adhesive layer (9). The relatively hard adhesive layer (9) is a rigid molded body formed by curing liquid or molten adhesive.

[0047] Alternatively, the retroreflector (3) can be bonded to the receiving groove (3d) of the protective shell (1) via a less hard adhesive layer (9), wherein the less hard adhesive layer (9) is a soft rubber type (flexible) molded body formed by curing liquid or molten adhesive.

[0048] Alternatively, the adhesive layer (9) may be a transparent adhesive layer, or an adhesive layer containing reflective materials (including but not limited to silver powder or aluminum powder) to improve reflectivity.

[0049] Alternatively, the adhesive layer (9) can be a secondary adhesive layer, and the retroreflector (3) can be a retroreflector that can be bonded again to the receiving slot (3d) of the protective shell (1) through the above adhesive layer.

[0050] Preferably, the upper convex body (1t) has at least one hole-type receiving groove (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is a lens unit type retroreflector with a spherical, curved or free surface optical lens structure, with a reflective coating on its bottom, and satisfying the retroreflection conditions (including directional lens retroreflection unit or omnidirectional lens retroreflection unit) (preferably a double spherical cylindrical glass lens, commonly known as a cat's eye reflective bead, with a relatively large single volume, preferably with a diameter between 8mm and 12mm). Its reflection angle or shape can be designed as needed, and can be cylindrical, UFO-shaped, diamond-shaped, etc. Its optical structure can include the A3 type reflective structure in the national standard GB 24725, which is embedded in the hole-type receiving groove (3d) and formed a fixed structure through the adhesive layer (9).

[0051] Preferably, the upper convex body (1t) has at least one groove-type receiving hole (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is a microprism-type retroreflector. It can be a microprism-type retroreflector composed of an array of multiple microprisms with a reflective coating at the bottom (generally a plate or sheet), or a microprism-type retroreflector composed of an array of multiple microprisms with an air layer at the bottom (generally a plate or sheet). Its optical structure can include the A1 type reflective structure in the national standard GB 24725. It is fitted into the groove-type receiving hole (3d) and formed a fixed structure through the adhesive layer (9).

[0052] Preferably, the upper convex body (1t) has at least one groove-type receiving hole (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is an injection-molded microbead array combination type retroreflector composed of multiple small glass lens reflective beads with a reflective bottom layer arranged in an array combination structure (small glass lens reflective beads are sometimes called glass beads, and the volume of a single bead is relatively small, preferably with a diameter between 3mm and 5mm). Its optical structure may include the A2 type reflective structure in the national standard GB 24725, which is embedded in the groove-type receiving hole (3d) and formed into a fixed structure through the adhesive layer (9).

[0053] Preferably, the upper protrusion (1t) has at least one groove-type receiving hole (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is a plant-type retroreflector (similar to a road reflective line structure, including pre-formed reflective line stickers) with multiple glass reflective beads cured and bonded to the surface of the adhesive layer (9) (preferably a two-component epoxy resin mixture or a two-component MMA resin mixture or a hot melt resin mixture). It is embedded in the groove-type receiving hole (3d) and fixed through the adhesive layer (9).

[0054] Furthermore, the upper convex body (1t) has multiple receiving slots (3d) respectively provided with two or more different types of retroreflective optical structures or retroreflective molding structures, and retroreflective bodies (3).

[0055] Preferably, the top edge of the inner shell (2) or the side of the top near the edge is provided with a groove-type receiving hole (3d). The retroreflector (3) is a microprism-type retroreflector composed of an array of multiple microprisms with a reflective coating at the bottom or a microprism-type retroreflector composed of an array of multiple microprisms with an air layer at the bottom. It is fitted into the groove-type receiving hole (3d) of the inner shell (2) and a fixed structure is formed by the adhesive layer (9).

[0056] Preferably, the top edge of the inner shell (2) or the side of the top near the edge is provided with a groove-shaped receiving hole (3d). The retroreflector (3) is a microprism-type retroreflector with an array structure composed of multiple microprisms. It is composited in the groove-shaped receiving hole (3d) of the inner shell (2) by ultrasonic thermoplastic welding to form a retroreflective structure with an air layer between the bottom surface of the microprism-type retroreflector and the receiving hole.

[0057] Preferably, the top edge of the inner shell (2) or the side of the top near the edge is provided with a groove-type receiving hole (3d). The retroreflector (3) is an injection-molded microbead array retroreflector composed of multiple small lens units with a reflective bottom layer arranged in an array combination structure. It is embedded in the groove-type receiving hole (3d) of the inner shell (2) and fixed by the adhesive layer (9).

[0058] Preferably, the top edge of the inner shell (2) or the side of the top near the edge is provided with a groove-type receiving hole (3d). The retroreflector (3) is an injection-molded microbead array retroreflector composed of multiple small lens units with a reflective bottom layer arranged in an array combination structure. It is composited in the groove-type receiving hole (3d) of the inner shell (2) by ultrasonic thermoplastic welding.

[0059] Furthermore, the inner shell (2) has multiple accommodating slots (3d) respectively provided with two or more different types of retroreflective optical structures or retroreflective molding structures, and retroreflective bodies (3).

[0060] Preferably, the angle θ3 between the main direction of the retroreflected light after the retroreflector (3) and the receiving slot (3d) on the upper convex body (1t) are combined with the buried reference plane is between 5° and 30°.

[0061] Preferably, the angle θ3 between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference plane after the retroreflector (3) and the receiving hole groove (3d) on the upper convex body (1t) are combined is less than or equal to the one-sided range angle θ4 of the retroreflected light (i.e. the angle between the incident light and the retroreflection central axis; incident light with an incident angle less than the one-sided range angle θ4 of the retroreflected light can achieve effective retroreflection; the reflection efficiency of incident light with an incident angle equal to the one-sided range angle θ4 of the retroreflected light can be equivalent to 25% to 50% of the reflection efficiency of the incident light along the retroreflection central axis).

[0062] Preferably, the retroreflection angle θ4 of the retroreflector (3) is between 10° and 30° on one side.

[0063] Preferably, the opening angle θ1 of the receiving groove (3d) of the upper convex body (1t) is between 3° and 60° [generally corresponding to the draft direction, axial direction, or normal to the bottom surface of the receiving groove (3d)]. Specifically, the opening angle θ1 of the hole-type receiving groove (3d) is between 3° and 25°, and the opening angle θ1 of the groove-type receiving groove (3d) is between 35° and 60°.

[0064] Preferably, the retroreflector (3) is a retroreflector whose main direction of retroreflected light is relative to its normal angle or its central axis, and whose deflection angle θ2 (generally deflected in the horizontal direction after being combined with the receiving slot) is between 15° and 35°.

[0065] Preferably, the retroreflector (3) is a retroreflector without a deflection angle θ2 (i.e., θ2 = 0°). The opening angle θ1 of the slot (3d) of the upper convex body (1t), the angle θ3 between the main direction of the retroreflected light after the retroreflector (3) and the slot (3d) on the upper convex body (1t) are combined with the buried reference plane, and the single-sided range angle θ4 of the retroreflected light of the retroreflector (3) satisfies: θ1 = θ3 ≤ θ4.

[0066] Preferably, the retroreflector (3) is a retroreflector with a built-in deflection angle θ2. The opening angle θ1 of the slot (3d) of the upper convex body (1t), the deflection angle θ2 of the retroreflector (3), the angle θ3 between the main direction of the retroreflected light after the retroreflector (3) and the slot (3d) on the upper convex body (1t) are combined with the buried reference plane, and the single-sided range angle θ4 of the retroreflected light of the retroreflector (3) satisfies:

[0067] θ1-θ2=θ3≤θ4.

[0068] Furthermore, the retroreflector (3) is a retroreflector with a reflective optical structure having a large incident angle range and / or a large observation angle range.

[0069] Preferably, the retroreflector (3) is a lens unit type retroreflector with a spherical optical lens structure and a reflective coating on its bottom. The diameter of the retroreflective lens unit is between 8 mm and 12 mm. The main direction θ3 of the retroreflected light of the retroreflector (3) after being combined with the receiving slot (3d) is approximately equal to the tilt angle θ1 of the opening of the receiving slot (3d).

[0070] Preferably, the retroreflector (3) is an injection-molded microbead array retroreflector composed of multiple small glass lens reflective beads with a reflective bottom layer arranged in an array combination structure, and the diameter of the small glass lens reflective beads is between 3mm and 5mm.

[0071] Preferably, the retroreflector (3) is a plant-type retroreflector with multiple glass reflective beads bonded and solidified on the surface of the adhesive layer (9) and the diameter of the glass reflective beads solidified on the surface of the plant is less than 3 mm.

[0072] Furthermore, on one side of the protective shell (1), near the edge of the unopened portion of the top, there is an upper protrusion (1t) that rises from the outer edge inward. The upper protrusion (1t) has an outward or upward-facing receiving slot (3d). The receiving slot (3d) is fixed with a retroreflector (3) by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a unidirectional retroreflective structure with a lateral retroreflective light main direction. At least some of the light-emitting devices (4) have their main light emission direction through the light emission channel and the main retroreflective light direction of the retroreflector (3) set in the same direction as the road stud in the horizontal direction [generally facing the front (facing the direction of travel) or / and the rear (facing away from the direction of travel) of the road stud], and the included angle θ6 between the two is less than 25°.

[0073] Alternatively, on the top of the unopened portion of the protective shell (1) on both sides (facing and back to the main direction of road vehicle travel respectively during installation), there are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high from the outer edge inward. The upper protrusions (1t) on both sides are provided with receiving slots (3d) with openings facing outward or upward. Retroreflectors (3) are fixed in the receiving slots (3d) on both sides by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9) to form a bidirectional retroreflective structure with a main direction of lateral retroreflected light. At least some of the light-emitting devices (4) have their main light emission direction through the light emission channel and the main direction of retroreflected light of the retroreflectors (3) on the same side of the road stud in the horizontal direction, and the included angle θ6 between the two is less than 25°.

[0074] Alternatively, the top of the top of the protective shell (1) on multiple sides (generally including the two opposite sides mentioned above) is provided with an upper protrusion (1t) that rises from the outer edge inward. Each upper protrusion (1t) on each side is provided with an outward or upward accommodating slot (3d). Each accommodating slot (3d) on each side is fixed with a retroreflector (3) by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a multi-directional retroreflective structure with a main direction of lateral retroreflected light. At least some of the light-emitting devices (4) have their main light emission direction through the light emission channel and the main direction of retroreflected light of the retroreflector (3) on the same side of the road spike in the horizontal direction, and the included angle θ6 between the two is less than 25°.

[0075] Furthermore, the light-emitting part of the inner shell (2) has at least one of the following optical structures: light refraction structure, light reflection structure, light focusing structure, light diffusion structure, light angle deflection structure, and light ray (optical axis) upward shift structure.

[0076] Furthermore, the inner shell (2) has an optical structure that allows the light emitted from the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1) to be emitted at an angle of less than 30° between the main luminous direction and the buried reference plane.

[0077] Preferably, the inner shell (2) has an optical structure that allows the emitted light from the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1) to be emitted at an angle of less than 15° between the main emission direction and the buried reference plane, thereby increasing the viewing distance of the emitted light. Figure 41 As shown.

[0078] Further preferably, the inner shell (2) has an optical structure that allows the light emitted from the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1) to be emitted at an angle (horizontal emission) with the angle between the main emission direction and the buried reference plane within the error range of 0°. (Refer to...) Figure 8 As shown.

[0079] Preferably, the inner shell (2) has an inclined light-emitting surface (2e) with a horizontal tilt angle between 25° and 60°.

[0080] Preferably, the light emission center axis of the emitted light from the light-emitting device (4) after passing through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) falls between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the total height of the light-emitting surface (2e) to ensure light emission efficiency and improve the brightness of the emitted light.

[0081] Preferably, the thickness of the transparent top of the inner shell (2) is between 7 mm and 15 mm.

[0082] Preferably, the height of the transparent top surface of the inner shell (2) of the road stud relative to the underground reference surface is between 75% and 100% of the height H of the upper protrusion (1t).

[0083] Furthermore, the light-emitting device (4) includes an LED light emitter with a focusing lens, or the light-emitting device (4) includes an LED light emitter with a half-intensity angle of less than 45°.

[0084] Alternatively, the entire road stud may have at least one or at least one set of light-emitting devices (4) that emit light from the inside out through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), and form a lateral light-emitting structure in which the main direction of at least one beam of light emitted through the light-emitting channel is at an angle of less than 15° with the buried reference plane.

[0085] Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may have multiple or more sets of light-emitting devices (4) in its accommodating cavity (2q), or the inner shell (2) may have two or more light-emitting devices (4) with two or more main light-emitting wavelengths (dual-color or multi-color light emission), or the inner shell (2) may have light-emitting devices (4) with different packaging structures, or the inner shell (2) may have light-emitting devices (4) with different main light-emitting directions, or the inner shell (2) may have light-emitting devices (4) with different light-emitting angles.

[0086] Furthermore, the main direction of light emission from some of the light-emitting devices (4) through the aforementioned light emission channel and the main direction of retroreflected light from some of the retroreflectors (3) are located on the same side of the road spike in their horizontal direction, and the angle θ6 between the two is less than 25°.

[0087] Preferably, the main direction of light emission from the light emission channel of some of the light-emitting devices (4) and the main direction of retroreflected light from some of the retroreflectors (3) are located on the same side of the road spike in the horizontal direction, and the angle θ6 between the two is less than 5°.

[0088] In a further preferred embodiment, the main direction of light emission from the light emission channel of some light-emitting devices (4) and the main direction of retroreflected light from some retroreflectors (3) are set on the same side of the road spike in their horizontal direction, and the angle θ6 between the two is 0° within the error range.

[0089] Furthermore, the protective shell (1) is a cavity-shaped protective shell with an upper opening (1r) provided in its middle or approximately middle portion and an upper shell with an upward-facing opening whose diameter is larger than the upper opening (1r) assembled by fasteners (8). Alternatively, the protective shell (1) is a cavity-shaped protective shell with an upper shell, a lower shell, or a bottom cover with upper and lower openings, the diameter of which is larger than or equal to the diameter of the upper opening (1r), assembled by fasteners (8).

[0090] Alternatively, the protective shell (1) is a cavity protective shell with an assembled structure, which is assembled from at least two arc-shaped top blocks with fixing holes and a cavity-shaped lower shell with an upper opening by fasteners (8).

[0091] Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may be a transparent shell with an integral structure and a bottom opening, or the inner shell (2) may be a composite structure inner shell composed of a transparent upper shell with a bottom opening, a lower shell, or a bottom cover, or the inner shell (2) may be an assembled structure inner shell composed of a transparent upper shell with a bottom opening, a lower shell, or a bottom cover.

[0092] Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may be fitted into the cavity (1q) of the protective shell (1) from top to bottom and combined with fasteners (8) to form an assembly structure, or the inner shell (2) may be fitted into the cavity (1q) of the protective shell (1) from bottom to top and combined with fasteners (8) to form an assembly structure.

[0093] Furthermore, the protective shell (1) is a prefabricated protective bottom shell, or a composite protective bottom shell, or the protective shell (1) is an organic material injection molded shell, or a non-metallic composite material molding shell, or a metal die casting shell, or a metal forging shell.

[0094] Furthermore, the top edge of the protective shell (1) has a circular or symmetrical polygonal shape when viewed from above, and the shape of its lower part or bottom can be designed as needed.

[0095] Furthermore, the top of the protective shell (1) has an upper protrusion (1t) on the edge of the unopened part, which extends from the outer edge inward with a buffer surface (1h) from low to high. The buffer surface (1h) of the upper protrusion (1t) is a slope, a folded surface, or an arc surface.

[0096] Preferably, the height of the protective shell (1) below the underground reference plane is between 40mm and 120mm.

[0097] Preferably, the outer diameter of the protective shell (1) at the location of the buried reference surface is between 120mm and 220mm.

[0098] Furthermore, the upper convex body (1t) is an upper convex body that transitions from low to high along its side edge with a slope, fold, or arc surface, or the upper convex body (1t) is an upper convex body that forms an inner sidewall structure with a vertical surface along its inner edge.

[0099] Preferably, the upper convex body (1t) is a convex block type upper convex body, a convex segment type upper convex body, an arc segment type upper convex body, or a combination of two or more of the above.

[0100] Furthermore, the junctions of the surfaces of the upper convex body (1t) are transitioned by curved surfaces and / or folded surfaces (to reduce impact damage).

[0101] Furthermore, the upper protrusion (1t) is provided with a notch (to allow light to pass through), a groove (to allow water to overflow), a hole (such as a fixing screw hole), or an anti-slip structure (generally an anti-slip texture or anti-slip protrusion).

[0102] Preferably, the height H of the top of the upper protrusion (1t) relative to the buried reference surface is between 7mm and 12mm.

[0103] Furthermore, the protective shell (1) has a structural reinforcement auxiliary structure (e.g., a reinforcing rib or a concave-convex structure) or an assembly auxiliary structure (e.g., an assembly positioning structure or an assembly limiting structure used during product assembly) or an installation auxiliary structure (e.g., a height positioning structure or a direction positioning structure for road studs buried in the road surface).

[0104] Furthermore, the upper edge of the protective shell (1) (where the buried reference surface is located) is provided with an extension portion (also called a pressing edge) that extends outward (horizontally), or it is provided with multiple outwardly protruding bodies (also called outwardly protruding limiting supports) that are arranged at certain intervals and extend outward (horizontally). (See reference...) Figure 44 , Figure 45 As shown, it can serve as a limiter when installed on the road surface or prevent sinking after installation on the road surface.

[0105] Furthermore, the fixing hole (1k) is a recessed fixing screw hole, and the fastener (8) is a screw or bolt.

[0106] Furthermore, the inner shell (2) is a transparent injection-molded shell with a bottom opening downwards, or an inner shell of a composite structure consisting of a transparent injection-molded shell with a bottom opening downwards and a bottom cover joined by an ultrasonic composite structure, or an inner shell of a composite structure consisting of a transparent injection-molded shell with a bottom opening downwards and a bottom cover joined by an ultrasonic composite structure.

[0107] Furthermore, the central part of the top of the inner shell (2) has a cross-shaped raised main structure relative to the underground reference plane.

[0108] Furthermore, the top of the inner shell (2) is provided with an anti-slip structure (generally an anti-slip texture or anti-slip bumps).

[0109] Furthermore, the inner shell (2) has a structural reinforcement auxiliary structure (e.g., a concave-convex structure) or an assembly auxiliary structure (e.g., an assembly positioning structure or an assembly limiting structure used during product assembly).

[0110] Furthermore, a light-emitting device (4) is provided in the accommodating cavity (2q) near its front and rear sides or / and in the accommodating cavity (2q) near its left and right sides, or a photovoltaic device (5) is provided in the middle part of the transparent top of the inner shell (2) or below the middle part.

[0111] Furthermore, the electronic circuit component (6) is connected to a wireless module (with signal receiving and / or transmitting functions), or to an intelligent control module (with data processing functions), or to a sensor.

[0112] Furthermore, a long afterglow luminescent body (10) is also provided in the receiving hole groove (3d) of the upper convex body (1t).

[0113] Furthermore, a long afterglow luminescent body (10) is provided in the fixing hole (1k) of the protective shell (1) [it can be in the redundant recessed space above the fastening screw in the fixing hole (1k), or the long afterglow luminescent body (10) can be directly provided in the fixing hole (1k) without fastening screws installed].

[0114] Furthermore, a long afterglow light emitter (10) that can be excited by the light-emitting device (4) is provided below the transparent top of the inner shell (2).

[0115] Furthermore, the long-afterglow luminescent body (10) is a mixture of long-afterglow luminescent material and liquid transparent medium, or the long-afterglow luminescent body (10) is a long-afterglow luminescent body (10) with a white adhesive layer (9), or the long-afterglow luminescent body (10) is a cured body of transparent (liquid) encapsulant (7) mixed with long-afterglow luminescent powder (preferably a two-component transparent epoxy resin mixture or a two-component transparent MMA resin mixture).

[0116] Furthermore, a fluorescent element (sunlight type) is also provided in the receiving slot (3d) of the upper protrusion (1t).

[0117] Furthermore, a fluorescent element is provided in the fixing hole (1k) of the protective shell (1). [It can be in the redundant recessed space above the fastening screw in the fixing hole (1k), or the fluorescent element can be directly provided in the fixing hole (1k) without fastening screws installed].

[0118] Furthermore, the phosphor is a mixture of fluorescent material and liquid transparent medium cured and molded body, or the phosphor is a phosphor with a white adhesive layer (9), or the phosphor is a cured and molded body of transparent encapsulant (7) mixed with fluorescent material (the transparent encapsulant is preferably a two-component transparent epoxy resin mixture or a two-component transparent MMA resin mixture).

[0119] Furthermore, the inner shell (2) is also equipped with a light-emitting device (4) that emits light from the inside out upwards (vertically or obliquely upwards) through the transparent part of the inner shell (2), which can provide LED light indication for pedestrians and non-motorized vehicle drivers. In particular, the transparent shell above the light-emitting device (4) has an optical diffusion structure, which makes the LED light emission softer and less dazzling.

[0120] Furthermore, a curable encapsulant body (7) is provided between the protective shell (1) and the inner shell (2), or a curable encapsulant body (7) is provided between the protective shell (1) and the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure, or a curable encapsulant body (7) is provided between the gaps in the tolerance fit parts, forming a further secondary (secondary) waterproof encapsulation structure and / or a reinforced structure combined with encapsulant, which can make the inner shell (2) and the protective shell (1) bonded together by encapsulant;

[0121] Alternatively, a seal or elastomer may be provided between the protective shell (1) and the inner shell (2), or a seal or elastomer may be provided between the protective shell (1) and the waterproof encapsulated inner shell structure, or a seal or elastomer may be provided between the gaps in the tolerance fit parts to form a shock-absorbing and buffering structure, which can better protect the inner shell (2).

[0122] Alternatively, the top or bottom of the protective shell (1), the bottom of the inner shell (2), or the joint between the protective shell (1) and the inner shell (2) may be provided with a glue-filling hole, glue-filling port, or glue-filling seam, or a venting hole.

[0123] Furthermore, the protective shell (1) is a cavity-shaped protective shell with an assembled structure comprising an open top cover (1A) with an upper opening (sometimes called a window) (1r) in its middle or approximately middle portion and a lower shell (1B) with an upward-facing accommodating cavity (1q) (as the underground main body). The diameter of the upper opening (1r) on the open top cover (1A) is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the upward-facing opening of the accommodating cavity (1q).

[0124] The opening top cover (1A) is provided with multiple (generally no less than 4) fixing holes (1k) for assembling fasteners (8).

[0125] The lower shell (1B) is a shell consisting of its bottom (sometimes called the bottom surface) and side panels. The side panels of the lower shell (1B) are provided with screw holes corresponding to the fixing holes (1k) on the open top cover (1A).

[0126] The inner shell (2) is at least transparent at the top, with a convex upper part at the center of the top. The top surface of the convex upper part is a pressure-bearing surface. The inner shell (2) has a pressing part (generally a pressing edge part) (2t) at the edge adjacent to the bottom of the convex upper part, which is relatively lower than the top surface. This forms an inner shell with a stepped structure (integral molding, assembly molding, or composite molding) that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. A downward-opening accommodating cavity (2q) is provided below the transparent top.

[0127] The opening top cover (1A) is provided with at least two upper protrusions (1t) with lower outer edges and higher inner edges near the upper opening (1r), which are higher than the buried reference surface. Generally, they transition from low to high with a certain slope from the outer edge of the opening top cover (1A) inward (central direction), which can play a buffering and protective role. At least one of the upper protrusions (1t) is provided with a receiving groove (1d). The receiving groove (3d) is fixed with a retroreflector (3) higher than the upper edge of the protective shell (1) (generally corresponding to the buried reference surface of the road surface) through a fitting structure (including interference fit and concave-convex structure) and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a lateral (including lateral horizontal reflection and lateral oblique upward reflection) retroreflection structure with the angle between the main direction of its retroreflected light and the buried reference surface less than 30°.

[0128] The light-emitting device (4) is an LED light-emitting device.

[0129] The opening top cover (1A) is fixed to the top of the lower shell (1B) by fasteners (8) through fixing holes (1k), forming a protective bottom shell with relatively high strength (including but not limited to one or more of structural strength, compressive strength, impact strength, and wear resistance). The waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is locked inside it. The upper protrusion of the inner shell (2) is fitted with the upper opening (1r) of the opening top cover (1A), and the higher inner side of the upper protrusion (1t) is close to the outer side of the upper protrusion of the inner shell (2). The bottom surface or bottom of the opening top cover (1A) is pressed onto the lower shell (1B) and the pressing part (2t) of the inner shell (2), respectively, thereby forming an integral reinforced structure.

[0130] Among them, the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) near the inner side or inner wall of the upper opening (1r) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (2) are formed by tolerance fit to form a combination structure in which the upper protrusion (1t) acts as a protective block structure or / and the upper protrusion (1t) acts as a protective edge structure. The transparent top of the inner shell (2) at least the part where the photovoltaic device (5) is located is exposed from the upper opening (1r) of the opening top cover (1A) and is higher than the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1). The height of the top of the inner shell (2) is slightly lower than or approximately equal to the height H of the upper protrusion (1t). The whole has a light emission channel in which at least one or at least one set of light-emitting devices (4) emit light from the inside to the outside through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the opening top cover (1A). A lateral light emission structure is formed in which the main direction of the light emission of at least one beam of light emitted through the light emission channel has an angle of less than 30° with the buried reference plane.

[0131] Further references can be made. Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the protective shell (1) is an integral (connected) structure with a receiving cavity (1q) and an upper opening (1r) at its top [the upper protrusion (1t) and the top of the protective shell (1) form a connected structure]. The outer diameter of the upper edge of the protective shell (1) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the lower part of the protective shell (1) [that is, the upper edge of the protective shell (1) is larger and the lower part is smaller].

[0132] The inner shell (2) is a structure with at least a transparent top and an extended portion at the top edge, forming an inner shell that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The outer diameter of the inner shell (2) is smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the part where the upper edge of the protective shell (1) is located. The top surface of its transparent top is a pressure-bearing surface, and a downward-opening receiving cavity (2q) is provided below its transparent top. The extended portion of the transparent top of the inner shell (2) is provided with fixing holes for mounting fasteners (8).

[0133] The top of the protective shell (1) has at least two upper protrusions (1t) near the edge of its unopened portion. The inner edge of the protrusions (1t) is higher than the outer edge of the upper opening (1r). Correspondingly, the other portions without upper protrusions (1t) form a low zone (1a) that is relatively low but not lower than the buried reference surface. At least one upper protrusion (1t) has a receiving groove (3d). The receiving groove (3d) is fixed with a retroreflector (3) by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a lateral retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 30°. The protective shell (1) has multiple fixing holes (1k) for mounting fasteners (8).

[0134] The inner shell (2) has a fixing hole for mounting fasteners (8) at the edge of the transparent top or near the edge of the transparent top. Furthermore, the inner shell (2) has an extension (extension edge or pressing edge) corresponding to the low position (1a) on the protective shell (1).

[0135] The light-emitting device (4) is an LED light-emitting device.

[0136] The lower part of the inner shell (2) is embedded in the accommodating cavity (1q) of the protective shell (1). The extension at the top of the inner shell (2) is pressed onto the corresponding part of the protective shell (1) from top to bottom. The waterproof encapsulated inner shell structure is combined with the protective shell (1) through the fixing hole (1k) by fasteners (8) to form an integral reinforced structure.

[0137] Among them, the inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) near the upper opening (1r) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (2) are formed by tolerance matching to form a combination structure in which the upper protrusion (1t) acts as a protective block structure or / and the upper protrusion (1t) acts as a protective edge structure. The whole has at least one or at least one set of light-emitting devices (4) emit light from the inside to the outside through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), and forms a lateral light-emitting structure in which the main direction of the light emission of at least one beam of light emitted through the light emission channel has an angle of less than 30° with the buried reference surface.

[0138] Further references can be made. Figure 7 As shown, the protective shell (1) is an integral cavity-shaped protective shell with a receiving cavity (1q) and an upper opening (1r) at its top.

[0139] The inner shell (2) is a structure with at least a transparent top and an extended portion at the top edge, forming an inner shell that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The top surface of its transparent top is a pressure-bearing surface, and a downward-opening receiving cavity (2q) is provided below its transparent top. The extended portion of the transparent top of the inner shell (2) is provided with fixing holes for mounting fasteners (8).

[0140] The inner shell (2) has a receiving slot (3d) on the high-low transition surface (lateral tilt or slope) of the top edge or the side of the top near the edge. The receiving slot (3d) is connected to the retroreflector (3) by plastic welding structure, forming a lateral retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of its retroreflected light and the buried reference plane is less than 30°.

[0141] The light-emitting device (4) is an LED light-emitting device.

[0142] The lower part of the inner shell (2) is embedded in the accommodating cavity (1q) of the protective shell (1). The extension at the top of the inner shell (2) is pressed onto the corresponding part of the protective shell (1) from top to bottom. The waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is combined with the protective shell (1) through the fixing hole (1k) by fasteners (8) to form an integral reinforced structure.

[0143] Among them, the inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) near the upper opening (1r) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (2) are formed by tolerance matching to form a combination structure in which the upper protrusion (1t) acts as a protective block structure or / and the upper protrusion (1t) acts as a protective edge structure. The retroreflector (3) in the accommodating slot (3d) on the inner shell (2) is not lower than the buried reference plane. The height of the top (top) of the inner shell (2) or the top surface (top) of the retroreflector (3) is slightly lower than or approximately equal to the height H of the upper protrusion (1t). The whole has at least one or at least one set of light-emitting devices (4) that emit light from the inside to the outside through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), and forms a lateral light-emitting structure in which the main direction of the light emission through the above light emission channel is less than 30° from the buried reference plane.

[0144] Preferred options are available for reference. Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the open top cover (1A) is a ring-shaped top cover (sometimes called a ring cover) with an upper opening (1r) in the middle. The open top cover (1A) has an upper protrusion (1t) that rises from its outer edge inward. There is a relatively lower area (1a) between adjacent upper protrusions (1t). The upper protrusion (1t) has a receiving groove (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is fixed in the receiving groove (3d) by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a retroreflective structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light (corresponding to the retroreflection center axis with the highest reflectivity) and the buried reference plane is less than 30°. Its structure can be referred to Figures 11-15 As shown,

[0145] The lower shell (1B) is a protective bottom shell with an upward-opening accommodating cavity (1q), consisting of a bottom and its side enclosure (generally a side wall). It is composed of a larger-diameter upper ring and a smaller-diameter lower accommodating cavity shell. The inner edge shape of the upper ring of the lower shell (1B) corresponds to the outer edge shape of the open top cover (1A), and the inner edge diameter of the ring is greater than or equal to the outer edge diameter of the open top cover (1A) (similar to an under-earth structure). The upper ring of the lower shell (1B) and the lower accommodating cavity shell are connected by a stepped inner ring (1T). The side enclosure of the lower shell (1B) is provided with fixing hole posts (1B-z) corresponding to the fixing holes (1k) of the open top cover (1A).

[0146] The inner shell (2) is at least transparent at the top, with an upward convex portion at the center of its top. The top surface of the upward convex portion is a pressure-bearing surface. The edge of the inner shell (2) adjacent to the bottom of the upward convex portion has a pressing part (2t) that is relatively lower than its top surface, thus forming an inner shell with a stepped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. A downward-opening accommodating cavity (2q) is provided below the transparent top. A light-emitting device (4) and a photovoltaic device (5) are provided below the top of the inner shell (2). Electronic circuit components (6) are provided in the accommodating cavity (2q) of the inner shell (2).

[0147] The waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is embedded from top to bottom into the accommodating cavity (1q) of the lower shell (1B) through tolerance fit. The open top cover (1A) is aligned and embedded into the upward opening of the lower shell (1B) and fixed to the stepped inner ring (1T) of the lower shell (1B) by fasteners (8) to form a relatively strong assembled protective shell (1). The waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is locked inside the protective shell (1) to form an integral reinforced structure.

[0148] The bottom surface or bottom of the open top cover (1A) is pressed onto the stepped inner ring (1T) of the lower shell (1B) and the pressing part (2t) of the inner shell (2), respectively. The upper edge of the lower shell (1B) surrounds the outer edge of the open top cover (1A), and the whole has a light emission channel through which at least one or at least one set of light-emitting devices (4) emit light from the inside to the outside through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), forming a lateral light emission structure in which the main direction of light emission through the light emission channel is less than 30° from the buried reference surface.

[0149] Further references can be made. Figure 3 , 4As shown, the open top cover (1A) is a ring-shaped top cover with an upper opening (1r) in the middle. The open top cover (1A) has an upper protrusion (1t) that rises from low to high from its outer edge inward, forming a low zone (1a) between adjacent upper protrusions (1t). The upper protrusion (1t) has a receiving groove (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is fixed in the receiving groove (3d) by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference plane is less than 30°. Its structure can be referenced. Figures 11-15 As shown,

[0150] The lower shell (1B) is a protective bottom shell (similar to a canopy structure) consisting of its bottom and side circumferences, with an upward-opening accommodating cavity (1q) and the outer diameter of the upper edge of the accommodating cavity (1q) being smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the open top cover (1A). The side circumferences of the lower shell (1B) are provided with fixing hole piles (1B-z) corresponding to the fixing holes (1k) of the open top cover (1A).

[0151] The inner shell (2) is at least transparent at the top, with an upward convex portion at the center of its top. The top surface of the upward convex portion is a pressure-bearing surface. The edge of the inner shell (2) adjacent to the bottom of the upward convex portion has a pressing part (2t) that is relatively lower than its top surface, thus forming an inner shell with a stepped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. A downward-opening accommodating cavity (2q) is provided below the transparent top. A light-emitting device (4) and a photovoltaic device (5) are provided below the top of the inner shell (2). Electronic circuit components (6) are provided in the accommodating cavity (2q) of the inner shell (2).

[0152] The waterproof inner shell structure is embedded from top to bottom into the accommodating cavity (1q) of the lower shell (1B) through tolerance fit. The open top cover (1A) presses against the upper edge of the lower shell (1B) and is fixed by fasteners (8) to form a relatively strong assembled protective shell (1). The waterproof inner shell structure is locked inside the protective shell (1) to form an integral reinforced structure.

[0153] The bottom surface or bottom of the open top cover (1A) is pressed onto the upper edge of the lower shell (1B) and the pressing part (2t) of the inner shell (2), and the whole has a light emission channel through which at least one or at least one set of light-emitting devices (4) emit light from the inside to the outside through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), and forms a lateral light emission structure in which the main direction of light emission of at least one beam of light emitted through the light emission channel has an angle of less than 30° with the buried reference surface.

[0154] Furthermore, the outer edge of the open top cover (1A) has a generally circular shape when viewed from above, or a circular shape cut by lines, or a symmetrical polygon, or a symmetrical polygon with rounded corners.

[0155] Furthermore, the open top cover (1A) is an annular edge ring structure, and the edge of the annular edge ring is provided with prying structures (1A-q) at intervals (which can also serve as glue filling ports), or the open top cover (1A) is an open top cover composed of two or more arc-shaped segments, or the open top cover (1A) is a polygonal edge ring structure, and the edge of the polygonal edge ring is provided with prying structures (1A-q) at intervals.

[0156] Furthermore, the open top cover (1A) is provided with an upper protrusion (1t) that rises from its outer edge inward with a buffer surface (1h), and the buffer surface (1h) of the upper protrusion (1t) is a slope, a folded surface, or an arc surface.

[0157] Furthermore, the upper protrusion (1t) consists of two or more upper protrusions arranged at intervals on the opening top cover (1A).

[0158] Furthermore, the top opening (1r) has a top view shape similar to a quadrilateral with a concave screw hole, or a hexagon with a concave screw hole, or an octagon with a concave screw hole, or a cross shape with a concave screw hole, or a convex shape with a concave screw hole, or a Chinese character shape with a concave screw hole.

[0159] Furthermore, the upper part or upper edge of the lower shell (1B) has a generally circular shape when viewed from above, and the lower part of the lower shell (1B) can be designed as needed.

[0160] Furthermore, the outer perimeter of the lower shell (1B) has a concave-convex structure (1j) (preferably a vertical rib), which can improve the structural strength and installation firmness of the shell.

[0161] Furthermore, a downwardly protruding fixing hole head (1A-z) is provided below the fixing hole (1k) of the open top cover (1A), and a fixing hole pile position (1B-w) corresponding to the fixing hole pile head (1A-z) of the open top cover (1A) is provided on the side of the lower shell (1B), and a fixing hole pile column (1B-z) supporting the fixing hole pile head (1A-z) is provided below the fixing hole pile position (1B-w).

[0162] The open top cover (1A) and the lower shell (1B) are combined by fasteners (8) to form a relatively strong assembled protective shell (1) and lock the waterproof encapsulated inner shell structure inside the protective shell (1). The fixing hole pile head (1A-z) of the open top cover (1A) is pressed into the fixing hole pile position (1B-w) above the fixing hole pile column (1B-z) of the lower shell (1B).

[0163] Furthermore, a downwardly convex structural thickening section (1A-s) is provided below the open top cover (1A) [preferably located below the lower section (1a) where the strength is relatively low, especially at the location of the fixing hole (1k), to enhance its strength]. The pressing part (2t) of the inner shell (2) is provided with a recessed part (2a) opposite to the downwardly convex structural thickening section (1A-s) of the open top cover (1A), and the stepped inner ring (1T) of the lower shell (1B) is provided with a recessed part (1B-a) opposite to the downwardly convex structural thickening section (1A-s) of the open top cover (1A).

[0164] The opening top cover (1A) is aligned and embedded in the upward opening of the lower shell (1B) and fixed to the stepped inner ring (1T) of the lower shell (1B) by a fastener (8) structure to form a protective shell (1) with a relatively high structural strength. The waterproof encapsulated inner shell structure is locked inside the protective shell (1). The downward convex thickened section (1A-s) of the opening top cover (1A) is pressed into the recess (2a) of the inner shell (2) and the recess (1B-a) of the lower shell (1B).

[0165] Furthermore, the open top cover (1A) has a long afterglow luminescent coating, or the open top cover (1A) is a mixture of long afterglow luminescent material and liquid or molten transparent medium injection molded body.

[0166] Furthermore, the open top cover (1A) has a fluorescent coating, or the open top cover (1A) is a mixture of fluorescent material and liquid or molten transparent medium injection molded body.

[0167] Furthermore, a curing body (7) of encapsulating adhesive (generally filled with liquid) is provided between the open top cover (1A) and the inner shell (2) (including the gap between the two), or between the open top cover (1A) and the lower shell (1B) (including the gap between the two), or between the lower shell (1B) and the inner shell (2) (including the gap between the two), or between the open top cover (1A) and the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure (including the gap between the two), or between the lower shell (1B) and the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure (including the gap between the two), or between the gap of the tolerance mating parts, or between the gap of the encapsulating adhesive (7): forming a further secondary waterproof encapsulation structure and / or a reinforcing structure. Generally, glue can be injected through the glue-filling hole at the bottom of the protective shell (1) or through the gap between the open top cover (1A) and the inner shell (2).

[0168] Furthermore, the open top cover (1A) has an annular edge structure. Symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the annular edge are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inwards. Symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the annular edge are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inwards. There are four low zones (1a) between the adjacent upper protrusions (1t) on the front, back, left, and right sides. Light emission channels for the light-emitting device (4) to emit light bidirectionally are formed in the space above the low zones (1a) on the exposed side of the inner shell (2) and on the left and right sides of the upper protrusions (1t) on the front and rear sides of the open top cover (1A). The inner shell (2) is equipped with a light-emitting device (4) that emits light along the light emission channels.

[0169] The front and rear upper convex bodies (1t) are respectively provided with receiving slots (3d) on their buffer surfaces (1h). The receiving slots (3d) on the front and rear sides are respectively provided with adhesive layers (9). The receiving slots (3d) are bonded to retroreflectors (3) through adhesive layers (9) to form a lateral retroreflective structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 30°. This forms an overall structure with bidirectional light emission, including front and rear bidirectional reflection and LEDs in at least the front and rear sides.

[0170] Wherein, the lower region (1a) between adjacent upper protrusions (1t) is provided with no less than 4 fixing holes (1k), or / and, the left and right upper protrusions (1t) are provided with fixing holes (1k) (totaling no less than 4), or

[0171] The opening top cover (1A) is an annular edge structure. Symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the annular edge are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inwards. Symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the annular edge are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inwards. There are four low zones (1a) between the adjacent front, rear, left and right upper protrusions (1t). Light emission channels for bidirectional emission of light-emitting devices (4) are formed in the space above the low zones (1a) on the exposed side of the inner shell (2) and on the left and right sides of the front and rear upper protrusions (1t) of the opening top cover (1A). The inner shell (2) is equipped with light-emitting devices (4) that emit light along the light emission channels.

[0172] The buffer surfaces (1h) of the upper protrusions (1t) on the front, rear, left, and right sides are respectively provided with receiving slots (3d). The receiving slots (3d) on the front, rear, left, and right sides are respectively provided with adhesive layers (9). The receiving slots (3d) are bonded to retroreflectors (3) through adhesive layers (9) to form a lateral retroreflective structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 30°. This forms a bidirectional light-emitting structure that reflects light from four sides and has LEDs in at least the front and rear directions.

[0173] Among them, the lower region (1a) between adjacent upper protrusions (1t) is provided with fixing holes (1k) (no less than 4 in total), or

[0174] The opening top cover (1A) is an annular edge structure. Symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the annular edge are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inwards. Symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the annular edge are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inwards. There are four low positions (1a) between the adjacent upper protrusions (1t). Light emission channels for bidirectional emission of light-emitting devices (4) are formed in the space above the low positions (1a) on the side of the exposed part of the inner shell (2) and on the left and right sides of the upper protrusions (1t) of the opening top cover (1A). The inner shell (2) is equipped with light-emitting devices (4) that emit light along the light emission channels.

[0175] The buffer surfaces (1h) of the upper protrusions (1t) on the front, rear, left, and right sides are respectively provided with receiving slots (3d). The receiving slots (3d) on the front and rear sides are respectively provided with adhesive layers (9). The receiving slots (3d) are bonded to retroreflectors (3) through adhesive layers (9) to form a lateral retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference plane is less than 30°. The receiving slots (3d) on the left and right sides are respectively provided with long afterglow light emitters (10), thereby forming a structure with bidirectional reflection at the front and rear, bidirectional light emission with LEDs at least in the front and rear, and long afterglow light emission on both the left and right sides.

[0176] Among them, the lower region (1a) between adjacent upper protrusions (1t) is provided with fixing holes (1k) (no less than 4 in total), or

[0177] The opening top cover (1A) is an annular edge ring structure. Symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the annular edge ring are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inward, thus forming two low zones (1a) on the front and rear sides of the annular edge ring structure. Light emission channels for bidirectional emission of light-emitting devices (4) are formed in the space above the exposed part of the inner shell (2) and the low zones (1a) on the front and rear sides of the opening top cover (1A). The inner shell (2) is equipped with light-emitting devices (4) that emit light along the above-mentioned light emission channels.

[0178] The left and right upper convex bodies (1t) are respectively provided with receiving slots (3d) on their buffer surfaces (1h). Each receiving slot (3d) is provided with an adhesive layer (9). The receiving slots (3d) are bonded to retroreflectors (3) through the adhesive layer (9) to form a lateral retroreflective structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 30°. This forms a bidirectional light-emitting structure with left and right bidirectional reflection and at least two LEDs in the front and rear directions.

[0179] The opening top cover (1A) has fixing holes (1k) on the low areas (1a) on the front and rear sides, and / or the upper protrusions (1t) on the left and right sides. Attached Figure Description

[0180] (In the diagram, a single dashed arrow represents the direction of LED light emission, a double dashed arrow represents the direction of retroreflected light, and a dotted line without an arrow represents the underground baseline.)

[0181] Figure 1 The schematic diagram shows the cross-sectional structure of a rail spike with a unit-type retroreflector on its top cover, where the outer diameter of the top cover of the prefabricated protective shell of the present invention is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper edge of the lower shell (underbite type).

[0182] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the principle of the rail spike cross-section structure where the outer diameter of the opening top cover of the prefabricated protective shell of the present invention is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper edge of the lower shell (underbite type), and the opening top cover is provided with a microbead array combined retroreflector.

[0183] Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows the principle of the rail spike cross-section structure of the prefabricated protective shell of the present invention, where the outer diameter of the opening top cover is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the upper edge of the lower shell (top-and-bottom type), and the opening top cover is provided with a micro-bead array combined retroreflector.

[0184] Figure 4 The schematic diagram shows the cross-sectional structure of a rail spike with a microprism-type retroreflector on its opening top cover, which is smaller in outer diameter than the inner diameter of the upper edge of the lower shell (underbite type) in the prefabricated protective shell of the present invention.

[0185] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the cross-sectional structure of a rail spike passing through its retroreflector, which is part of the protective shell of the integrated structure of the present invention and has a retroreflector (taking a lens unit type retroreflector as an example; other different types of retroreflector structures can be referred to in 1-4).

[0186] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cross-sectional structure of a track spike with an integrated protective shell for the present invention, which includes a retroreflector (taking a lens unit type retroreflector as an example; different types of retroreflector structures can be referred to in 1-4). The spike passes through its LED light source and fastening screw hole.

[0187] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cross-sectional structure of a rail spike with an retroreflector (taking a microbead array composite retroreflector as an example; different types of retroreflector structures can be referred to in 1-4) on the inner shell of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the rail spike passing through the location of the LED light emitter, as well as its optical structure principle and optical path principle.

[0188] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the rail spike passing through the location of the LED light source according to the present invention.

[0189] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the rail spike passing through the location of the LED light source according to the present invention.

[0190] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the edge-ring type open top cover and its retroreflector of the present invention.

[0191] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the edge-ring type opening top cover and its retroreflector according to the present invention.

[0192] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the edge-ring type opening top cover of the present invention.

[0193] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the edge-ring type opening top cover and its retroreflector of the present invention.

[0194] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion and assembly structure of the edge-ring type opening top cover and its retroreflector according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0195] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the rail spike with partial perspective and its light emission and reflection, according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0196] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the track spike and its light emission and reflection according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0197] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the front (facing side) structure of the road stud in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0198] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the spike explosion and its assembly structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0199] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the rail spike with partial perspective and its light emission and reflection, according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0200] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the track spike and its light emission and reflection according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0201] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the road spike according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0202] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the spike explosion and its assembly structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0203] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the rail spike with partial perspective and its light emission reflection, according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0204] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the track spike and its light emission and reflection according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0205] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the road spike according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0206] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the spike explosion and its assembly structure according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0207] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the rail spike with partial perspective and its light emission reflection, according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0208] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the track spike and its light emission and reflection according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0209] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the track spike according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0210] Figure 31 This is a schematic diagram of the spike explosion and its assembly structure in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0211] Figure 32This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the rail spike with partial perspective and its light emission reflection, according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0212] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the track spike and its light emission and reflection according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0213] Figure 34 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the track spike according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0214] Figure 35 This is a schematic diagram of the spike explosion and its assembly structure in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0215] Figure 36 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the rail spike with partial perspective and its light emission reflection, according to Embodiment Six of the present invention.

[0216] Figure 37 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the track spike and its light emission and reflection according to Embodiment Six of the present invention.

[0217] Figure 38 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the track spike according to Embodiment Six of the present invention.

[0218] Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the rail spike at the location of the retroreflector in Embodiment Six of the present invention. Figure 40 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the road spike passing through the location of the LED light source in Embodiment Six of the present invention.

[0219] Figure 41 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the road spike passing through the location of the LED light source in Embodiment Six of the present invention.

[0220] Figure 42 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a ring-shaped opening top cover with an upper protrusion having a receiving groove, according to Embodiment Six of the present invention.

[0221] Figure 43 This is a schematic diagram of the spike explosion and its assembly structure according to Embodiment Six of the present invention.

[0222] Figure 44 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a lower shell with an outwardly horizontally expanding convex body at its upper edge, as shown in Embodiment Six of the present invention.

[0223] Figure 45 This is a schematic diagram of a rail spike structure with an outwardly horizontally extending protrusion on the upper edge of its lower shell, as described in Embodiment Six of the present invention, and its light-emitting and reflective features.

[0224] Figure 46 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the rail spike with partial perspective and its light emission and reflection, according to Embodiment Seven of the present invention.

[0225] Figure 47 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the track spike and its light emission and reflection according to Embodiment Seven of the present invention.

[0226] Figure 48 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the road spike according to Embodiment Seven of the present invention.

[0227] Figure 49 This is a schematic diagram of the spike explosion and its assembly structure in Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

[0228] Figure 50 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the rail spike with partial perspective and its light emission reflection, according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

[0229] Figure 51 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the track spike and its light emission and reflection according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

[0230] Figure 52 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the track spike according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

[0231] Figure 53 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the rail spike through its LED light-emitting element and fastening screw hole, according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

[0232] Figure 54 This is a schematic diagram of the spike explosion and its assembly structure in Embodiment 8 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0233] Embodiments of the present invention are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0234] Example 1

[0235] An underground solar-powered luminous reflective road stud includes a protective shell (110), an inner shell (120), a retroreflector (130), a light-emitting device (140), a photovoltaic device (150), electronic circuit components (160), a cured encapsulant body (170), fastening screws (180), and an adhesive layer (190), such as Figure 11-19 As shown.

[0236] The protective shell (110) comprises two parts: an open top cover (110A) and a lower shell (110B).

[0237] The aforementioned open top cover (110A) is a die-cast annular aluminum alloy or stainless steel ring cover with an outer diameter of 100mm to 160mm, a generally circular outer edge, and an upward-opening, octagonal-like upper opening (110r) in the center. Figure 11-15 As shown,

[0238] The front and rear sides (front and rear ends) of the annular rim are symmetrically provided with two upper protrusions (110t) that transition from low to high along the buffer surface (110h) from their outer edges inwards, serving as protective block structures. The top surface of the upper protrusion (110t) is about 9mm high relative to the buried reference surface [corresponding to the upper edge of the lower shell (110B) after assembly]. Each of these protrusions has a cylindrical, downward-facing, inclined hole-type receiving groove (130d) with the opening direction facing the front and rear vehicle-facing surfaces and the opening angle θ1 = 5° to 25°. A suitable amount of liquid adhesive (epoxy structural adhesive or polyurethane structural adhesive) is injected into each of the 0d sections, and then a double-spherical cylindrical glass lens unit (similar to a cat's eye) with a diameter of about 9 mm and a length of about 10 mm is embedded to act as a retroreflector (130). The retroreflection angle θ4 of the retroreflector on one side is 12° to 25°. After the adhesive cures, an adhesive layer (190) is formed, which fixes the retroreflector (130) to the receiving slot (130d) to form a structure, thereby forming a retroreflection structure with an angle θ3 of 5° to 25° between the main retroreflection direction and the buried reference plane on both the front and rear sides.

[0239] The left and right sides of the annular rim are symmetrically provided with two upper convex bodies (110t) that transition from low to high along the buffer surface (110h) from their outer edges inward, serving as protective block structures. The front and rear sides of the outer rim are each provided with a cylindrical receiving groove (130d) with the opening direction facing the front and rear vehicle faces and the opening angle θ1 = 5° to 20°. The receiving groove (130d) is filled with an appropriate amount of liquid adhesive (epoxy structural adhesive or polyurethane structural adhesive). The adhesive is used to embed a double-spherical cylindrical glass lens unit with a diameter of about 9 mm and a length of about 10 mm to serve as a retroreflector (130). The retroreflection angle on one side of the retroreflector is θ4 = 12° to 25°. After the adhesive is cured, an adhesive layer (190) is formed, which fixes the retroreflector (130) to the receiving slot (130d) to form a structure, thereby forming a retroreflection structure with the angle θ3 = 5° to 20° between the main retroreflection direction and the buried reference plane on both the front and rear sides.

[0240] Thus, the four forward-facing bispherical cylindrical glass lens units are arranged in two rows at the front and two rows at the back, and the four backward-facing bispherical cylindrical glass lens units are arranged in two rows at the front and two rows at the back. The brightness superposition effect of the retroreflectors arranged at multiple points can improve the retroreflection efficiency.

[0241] Between the aforementioned adjacent front, rear, left, and right upper protrusions (110t), there are relatively low low zones (110a). On the relatively low low zones (110a) and on the left and right upper protrusions (110t), there are through-hole fixing holes (110k). Below the through-hole fixing holes (110k), there are downwardly protruding cylindrical fixing hole pile heads (110A-z).

[0242] The lower shell (110B) is a cast aluminum protective bottom shell with an upward-opening accommodating cavity (110q), wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Its upper edge has an outwardly expanding circular ring with an outer diameter of 110mm–160mm, a thickness of 3.5mm–5mm, and an outer height of 10mm–15mm. The upper ring connects to the lower cavity sidewall with a stepped inner ring, 5mm–10mm wide. The lower cavity outer contour of the lower shell (110B), when viewed from below, resembles a wave-like ring. The lower shell (110B) has fixed hole positions (110B-w) on its side walls corresponding to the fixed hole pile heads (110A-z) of the open top cover (110A). Below the fixed hole positions (110B-w) are fixed hole columns (110B-z) for supporting the fixed hole pile heads (110A-z). The outer side walls of the lower shell (110B) are equipped with vertical ribs (110j) to improve the structural strength and installation stability of the shell.

[0243] The inner shell (120) is a transparent PC injection-molded inner shell with a downward-facing accommodating cavity. The central part of the top of the inner shell (120) has a generally cross-shaped raised main structure that serves as a light-emitting and light-receiving part. The periphery of the cross-shaped top of the inner shell (120) has a relatively lower pressing part (120t) that forms a stepped structure with the cross-shaped top, thus forming an inner shell with a stepped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The top of the cross-shaped top has anti-slip protrusions. A solar photovoltaic panel (150) is fixed to the lower part of the center of the cross-shaped top through a slot and light-transmitting adhesive to serve as a photovoltaic device (150). The front sidewall (120e) and the rear sidewall (120e) of the cross-shaped top are respectively sloped and face the relatively lower low area (110a) between the upper protrusions (110t) of the front and rear sides. The left and right sides of the cross-shaped top face forward and backward, respectively. The sidewalls (120e) are sloped and face the relatively lower low positions (110a) between the upper protrusions (110t) on the front and rear sides and the upper protrusions (110t) on the left and right sides. The inner top walls of the front, rear, left and right sides of the cross-shaped top are provided with V-shaped grooves. Below them, a lamp plate with straw hat lamp beads (with focusing lenses) welded to the front and rear sides is fixed by a slot and adhesive to serve as a light-emitting device (140). Thus, light emission channels for the light-emitting device (140) to emit light in both directions are formed on the front and rear sides of the inner shell (120) and above the relatively lower low positions (110a) directly opposite it, as well as on the left and right sides and above the relatively lower low positions (110a) directly opposite it, and a light emission indication function is provided. Furthermore, LED patches facing upwards can be welded to the lamp plates on the left and right sides, thus providing an upward light emission indication function.

[0244] The electronic circuit components (160) include a battery, drive and control circuits, etc., which are connected to the light-emitting device (140) and photovoltaic device (150) and sealed in the accommodating cavity of the inner shell (120) by a white two-component epoxy resin encapsulant curing molding body (170) to form a waterproof encapsulation structure with preliminary pressure and impact resistance.

[0245] A rubber gasket is placed on the bottom surface of the receiving cavity (110q) of the lower shell (110B). The aforementioned waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is then fitted into the receiving cavity (110q) of the lower shell (110B). The opening top cover (110A) is aligned and pressed onto the opening of the lower shell (110B). The fastening screw (180) is screwed on, and silicone sealant is dripped onto the fastening screw (180) and cured to seal it, thus completing the waterproof encapsulation. The inner shell structure is locked inside the protective shell (110). Part of the bottom surface of the open top cover (110A) is pressed onto the stepped inner ring of the lower shell (110B), and part is pressed onto the pressing part (120t) of the inner shell (120). The fixing hole pile head (110A-z) of the open top cover (110A) is pressed onto the fixing hole pile position (110B-) above the fixing hole pile column (110B-z) of the lower shell (110B). Inside the lower shell (110B), the upper edge of the ring surrounds the outer edge of the annular rim of the opening top cover (110A). The inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (110t) near the opening of the accommodating cavity (110q) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (120) are fitted together with tolerance to form a combined structure in which the upper protrusion (110t) acts as a protective block. Since the opening top cover (110A) and the upper protrusion (110t) on it are made of metal and the inner shell (120) is made of PC plastic, the strength of the opening top cover (110A) is greater than the strength of the inner shell (120) and also greater than the strength of the retroreflector (130). Therefore, the opening top cover (110A) and the upper protrusion (110t) on it can form a reinforced structure that protects the inner shell (120) and the retroreflector (130), and can withstand the crushing of wheels or the impact of foreign objects on the road.

[0246] When installing the buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention, holes are first drilled in the road surface, and then the road stud is embedded and fixed in the drilled holes with structural adhesive. The outer upper edge of the edge ring of the open top cover (110A) is roughly flush with the road surface installation reference surface. When working, the straw hat lamp can emit light in both directions through the side wall of the inner shell (120) and the relatively lower low position (110a) directly opposite it. The double spherical cylindrical glass lens unit can reflect the light from the front and rear sides of the headlights of oncoming vehicles.

[0247] The buried solar-powered reflective road stud of this invention, while ensuring waterproof, high pressure resistance, and high impact resistance, not only has bidirectional LED lighting function in both directions, but also provides bidirectional reflective indication for drivers or pedestrians by reflecting vehicle lights through a retroreflector. Especially when the buried reflective road stud is unable to light normally due to insufficient power, it can still provide reflective indication through the retroreflector, and its reflective angle and reflective performance can achieve the actual use effect. Its pressure resistance can reach more than 100kN, the reflective viewing distance can reach more than 100m, and the luminous viewing distance can reach more than 500m. It can be used on highways or high-grade roads with many overloaded and heavy vehicles, as well as on ordinary roads or urban roads. It can also be connected to a wireless module (which can have signal receiving and / or transmitting functions), an intelligent control module (which can have data processing functions), or a sensor through electronic circuit components to achieve intelligent control or multi-mode lighting, so as to better adapt to the trend of intelligent transportation development.

[0248] Example 2

[0249] An underground solar-powered luminous reflective road stud includes a protective shell (210), an inner shell (220), a retroreflector (230), a light-emitting device (240), a photovoltaic device (250), electronic circuit components (260), a cured encapsulant body (270), fastening screws (280), and an adhesive layer (290), such as Figure 20-23 As shown.

[0250] The protective shell (210) comprises two parts: an open top cover (210A) and a lower shell (210B).

[0251] The aforementioned open top cover (210A) is a die-cast annular aluminum alloy or stainless steel ring cover with an outer diameter of 100mm to 150mm, an overall circular outer edge, and an upward-opening, octagonal-like upper opening (210r) in the center.

[0252] The annular rim has a symmetrical upper convex body (210t) on its front and rear sides, which transitions from low to high along a buffer surface (210h) from its outer edge inward. Each convex body has a strip-shaped receiving groove (230d) with its opening facing an inclination angle θ1 = 35°–60°. An appropriate amount of liquid adhesive (epoxy structural adhesive or polyurethane structural adhesive) is injected into each receiving groove (230d), and then a bottom strip of the corresponding shape is embedded, set at a deflection angle θ2 = 15°–35°. A retroreflective sheet (230) is formed by injection molding and arranged in an array of small glass lens beads with a reflective underlayer. The retroreflected light angle on one side of the retroreflective sheet is θ4 = 15° to 25°. After the adhesive is cured, an adhesive layer (290) is formed, which fixes the retroreflective sheet (230) to the receiving groove (230d) to form a structure, thereby forming a retroreflective structure with the main retroreflection direction on the front and back sides and the buried reference plane having an angle θ3 = 5° to 30°.

[0253] The left and right sides of the annular rim are symmetrically provided with an upper convex body (210t) that transitions from low to high along a buffer surface (210h) from its outer edge inward. Each upper convex body (210t) has a slot opening facing an inclination angle θ1 = 40°–60°, and each slot has a strip-shaped receiving slot (230d). A suitable amount of liquid adhesive (epoxy structural adhesive or polyurethane structural adhesive) is injected into each receiving slot (230d), and a microprism array injection-molded reflector with a deflection angle of θ2 = 20°–30° and a bottom electroplated or vapor-deposited reflective layer is then embedded to act as a retroreflector (230). After the adhesive cures, an adhesive layer (290) is formed, fixing the retroreflector (230) to the receiving slot (230d). The retroreflected light angle on one side of the aforementioned retroreflector is θ4 = 15°. ~25°, thus forming a retroreflective structure with the angle θ3 = 10°~25° between the main retroreflection direction and the buried reference plane on the left and right sides. Alternatively, the microprism array injection-molded reflective sheet can be composited onto the bottom plate of the receiving slot (230d) through ultrasonic heat sealing process, leaving an air layer between the two to form a microprism-type retroreflective structure with an air layer at the bottom, which can serve as a retroreflector (230). Alternatively, a microprism reflective sheet with a large incident angle range and / or a large observation angle range can be cut and molded and then glued and fixed in the receiving slot (230d) to serve as a retroreflector (230). Or, a glass microbead (disordered plant) type pre-formed reflective line strip can be cut and molded and then glued and fixed in the receiving slot (230d) to serve as a retroreflector (230).

[0254] Between the aforementioned adjacent front, rear, left, and right upper protrusions (210t), there are relatively low low positions (210a), and through-holes (210k) are provided on the relatively low low positions (210a). Furthermore, through-holes (210k) are also provided on the left and right upper protrusions (210t), and fastening screws are provided in the through-holes (210k). The retroreflector (230) is located in the receiving groove (230d) above the fastening screw. Below the through-holes (210k), there are downwardly protruding cylindrical fixing hole heads (210A-z).

[0255] The lower shell (210B) is a cast aluminum protective bottom shell with an upward-opening accommodating cavity (210q), wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Its upper edge has an outwardly expanding circular ring with an outer diameter of 110mm–160mm, a thickness of 4mm–8mm, and an outer height of 10mm–15mm. The upper ring connects to the lower cavity sidewall with a stepped inner ring, 5mm–12mm wide. The lower cavity outer contour of the lower shell (210B), when viewed from below, resembles a wave-like ring. 10B) On the side wall of the lower shell, corresponding to the fixed hole pile head (210A-z) of the opening top cover (210A), there are fixed hole pile positions (210B-w) for accommodating the fixed hole pile head (210A-z). Below the fixed hole pile position (210B-w), there is a fixed hole pile column (210B-z) for supporting the fixed hole pile head (210A-z). The outer side wall of the lower shell (210B) is equipped with vertical ribs (210j), which can improve the structural strength and installation firmness of the shell.

[0256] The inner shell (220) is a transparent PC injection-molded inner shell with a downward-facing accommodating cavity. The central part of the top of the inner shell (220) has a generally cross-shaped raised main structure that serves as the light-emitting and light-receiving part. The periphery of the cross-shaped top of the inner shell (220) has a relatively lower pressing part (220t) that forms a stepped structure with the cross-shaped top, thus forming an inner shell with a stepped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The top of the cross-shaped top has anti-slip protrusions. A solar photovoltaic panel (250) is fixed to the lower part of the center of the cross-shaped top through a slot and light-transmitting adhesive to serve as a photovoltaic device. The left and right sides of the cross-shaped top face forward and backward (220e), and the front and rear sides face left and right. The right-facing sidewall (220e) is sloped and faces the relatively lower low-position (210a) between the upper protrusions (210t) on the front and rear sides and the upper protrusions (210t) on the left and right sides. The inner top walls of the front, rear, left, and right sides of the cross-shaped top are provided with V-shaped grooves. Below them, a light plate with straw hat LED beads welded on both sides and an upward-facing LED patch welded in the center is fixed by a slot and adhesive to serve as a light-emitting device (240). Thus, a light emission channel is formed on the front, rear, left, and right sides of the inner shell (220) and above the relatively lower low-position (210a) directly opposite it, which allows the light-emitting device (240) to emit light in four directions (front, rear, left, and right) and has a light-emitting indication function in four directions (front, rear, left, and right) and upward.

[0257] The electronic circuit components (260) include a storage battery, drive and control circuits, etc., which are connected to the light-emitting device (240) and photovoltaic device (250) circuits and are sealed in the accommodating cavity of the inner shell (220) by a white two-component epoxy resin encapsulant curing molding body (270) to form a waterproof encapsulation structure with preliminary pressure and impact resistance.

[0258] A rubber gasket is placed on the bottom surface of the receiving cavity (210q) of the lower shell (210B). The aforementioned waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is then fitted into the receiving cavity (210q) of the lower shell (210B). The opening top cover (210A) is aligned and pressed onto the opening of the lower shell (210B). The fastening screw (280) is screwed on, and silicone sealant is dripped onto the fastening screw (280) and cured to seal it, thus completing the waterproof encapsulation. The inner shell structure is locked inside the protective shell (210). Part of the bottom surface of the open top cover (210A) is pressed onto the stepped inner ring of the lower shell (210B), and part is pressed onto the pressing part (220t) of the inner shell (220). The fixing hole pile head (210A-z) of the open top cover (210A) is pressed onto the fixing hole pile position (210B-) above the fixing hole pile column (210B-z) of the lower shell (210B). Inside the lower shell (210B), the upper edge of the ring surrounds the outer edge of the annular rim of the opening top cover (210A). The inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (210t) near the opening of the accommodating cavity (210q) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (220) are fitted together with tolerance to form a combined structure in which the upper protrusion (210t) acts as a protective block. Since the opening top cover (210A) and the upper protrusion (210t) on it are made of metal and the inner shell (220) is made of PC plastic, the strength of the opening top cover (210A) is greater than the strength of the inner shell (220) and also greater than the strength of the retroreflector (230). Therefore, the opening top cover (210A) and the upper protrusion (210t) on it can form a reinforced structure that protects the inner shell (220) and the retroreflector (230), and can withstand the impact of wheel rolling or foreign objects on the road.

[0259] During installation, the buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention is first drilled in the road surface, and then the road stud is embedded and fixed in the drilled hole with structural adhesive. The outer upper edge of the edge ring of the open top cover (210A) is roughly flush with the road surface installation reference surface. When working, the straw hat lamp can emit light in both directions through the side wall of the inner shell (220) and the relatively lower low position (210a) directly opposite it. The injection-molded reflector, which is composed of multiple small lens units with a reflective bottom layer arranged in an array, can reflect the light of oncoming vehicles and reflect light in both directions in the main direction of horizontal upward reflection of 5° to 30°. The microprism array injection-molded reflector with a reflective layer coated on the bottom can reflect the light of oncoming vehicles and reflect light in both directions in the main direction of horizontal upward reflection of 10° to 25°.

[0260] The buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention, while ensuring waterproof, high pressure resistance, and high impact resistance, has four-way LED light emission function in all directions (front, back, left, and right). It can also reflect vehicle lights through a retroreflector to provide four-way reflective indication for drivers or pedestrians. It is suitable for road intersections, can realize multi-mode light emission and intelligent control. In particular, when the buried reflective road stud is low on power and cannot emit light normally, it can still provide reflective indication through the retroreflector, and its reflection angle and reflective performance can achieve the actual use effect.

[0261] Example 3

[0262] An underground solar-powered luminous reflective road stud includes a protective shell (310), an inner shell (320), a retroreflector (330), a light-emitting device (340), a photovoltaic device (350), electronic circuit components (360), a cured encapsulant body (370), fastening screws (380), and an adhesive layer (390), such as Figure 24-27 As shown.

[0263] The protective shell (310) comprises two parts: an open top cover (310A) and a lower shell (310B).

[0264] The aforementioned open top cover (310A) is a die-cast annular aluminum alloy or stainless steel ring cover with an outer diameter of 105mm to 155mm, an overall circular outer edge, and an upward-opening, octagonal-like upper opening (310r) in the center. The front and rear sides of the annular ring are respectively provided with an upper protrusion (310t) that transitions from low to high from its outer edge inward with a buffer surface (310h). Each protrusion has two cylindrical holes with the opening groove facing the front and rear vehicle faces, and the opening of the slot facing the inclination angle θ1 = 5° to 15° downward. A receiving slot (330d) is provided, into which a suitable amount of liquid adhesive (epoxy structural adhesive or polyurethane structural adhesive) is injected, and then a double-spherical cylindrical glass lens unit is embedded to act as a retroreflector (330). The retroreflection angle θ4 of the retroreflector on one side is 10° to 20°. After the adhesive cures, an adhesive layer (390) is formed, which fixes the retroreflector (330) and the receiving slot (330d) to form a structure, thereby forming a retroreflection structure with an angle θ3 of 5° to 15° between the main retroreflection direction and the buried reference plane on both the front and rear sides.

[0265] The left and right sides of the annular rim are symmetrically provided with an upper convex body (310t) that transitions from low to high along the buffer surface (310h) from its outer edge inward. Each convex body has two cylindrical, downward-facing, inclined slots (330d) with openings oriented towards the left and right oncoming vehicle surfaces and with openings at an angle θ1 = 5° to 25°. A suitable amount of liquid adhesive (epoxy bonding agent) is injected into each of these slots (330d). A double-spherical cylindrical glass lens unit (330) is embedded in a structural adhesive or polyurethane structural adhesive to act as a retroreflector. The retroreflection angle θ4 of the retroreflector on one side is 15° to 25°. After the adhesive cures, an adhesive layer (390) is formed, which fixes the retroreflector (330) to the receiving slot (330d) to form a structure, thereby forming a retroreflection structure with the angle θ3 between the main retroreflection direction and the buried reference plane on the left and right sides being 5° to 25°.

[0266] Between the aforementioned adjacent front, rear, left, and right upper protrusions (310t), there are relatively low low zones (310a). On the relatively low low zones (310a) and on the left and right upper protrusions (310t), there are through-hole fixing holes (310k). Below the through-hole fixing holes (310k), there are downwardly protruding cylindrical fixing hole pile heads (310A-z).

[0267] The lower shell (310B) is a cast aluminum protective bottom shell with an upward-opening accommodating cavity (310q), wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Its upper edge has an outwardly expanding circular ring with an outer diameter of 110mm–160mm, a thickness of 3.5mm–7mm, and an outer height of 9mm–14.5mm. The upper ring connects to the lower cavity sidewall with a stepped inner ring, 7.2mm wide. The lower cavity outer contour of the lower shell (310B) resembles a wave-like ring when viewed from below. 10B) On the side wall of the lower shell, corresponding to the fixed hole pile head (310A-z) of the opening top cover (310A), there are fixed hole pile positions (310B-w) for accommodating the fixed hole pile head (310A-z). Below the fixed hole pile position (310B-w), there is a fixed hole pile column (310B-z) for supporting the fixed hole pile head (310A-z). The outer side wall of the lower shell (310B) is equipped with vertical ribs (310j), which can improve the structural strength and installation firmness of the shell.

[0268] The inner shell (320) is a transparent PC injection-molded inner shell with a downward-facing accommodating cavity. The central part of the top of the inner shell (320) has a generally cross-shaped raised main structure that serves as the light-emitting and light-receiving part. The periphery of the cross-shaped top of the inner shell (320) has a relatively lower pressing part (320t) that forms a stepped structure with the cross-shaped top, thus forming an inner shell with a stepped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The top of the cross-shaped top has anti-slip protrusions. The solar photovoltaic panel (350) is fixed to the lower part of the center of the cross-shaped top through a slot and light-transmitting adhesive. The left and right sides of the cross-shaped top face forward and backward, respectively. 20e) The relatively low position (310a) between the upper convex body (310t) on the front and rear sides and the upper convex body (310t) on the left and right sides respectively, which are sloping upwards, has a V-shaped groove on the inner top wall of the left and right sides of the cross-shaped top. Below it, a light plate with straw hat-shaped LED beads welded to the front and rear sides and an upward-facing LED patch welded to the center is fixed by a slot and adhesive to serve as a light-emitting device (340). Thus, a light emission channel is formed on the left and right sides of the inner shell (320) and above the relatively low position (310a) directly opposite it, which allows the light-emitting device (340) to emit light in both directions, and has a light-emitting indication function in both directions and upwards.

[0269] The electronic circuit components (360) include a battery, drive and control circuits, etc., which are connected to the light-emitting device (340) and photovoltaic device (350) and sealed in the accommodating cavity of the inner shell (320) by a white two-component epoxy resin encapsulant curing molding body (370) to form a waterproof encapsulation structure with preliminary pressure and impact resistance.

[0270] A rubber gasket is placed on the bottom surface of the receiving cavity (310q) of the lower shell (310B). The aforementioned waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is then fitted into the receiving cavity (310q) of the lower shell (310B). The opening top cover (310A) is aligned and pressed onto the opening of the lower shell (310B). The fastening screw (380) is screwed on, and silicone sealant is dripped onto the fastening screw (380) and cured to seal it, thus completing the waterproof encapsulation. The inner shell structure is locked inside the protective shell (310). Part of the bottom surface of the open top cover (310A) is pressed onto the stepped inner ring of the lower shell (310B), and part is pressed onto the pressing part (320t) of the inner shell (320). The fixing hole pile head (310A-z) of the open top cover (310A) is pressed onto the fixing hole pile position (310B-) above the fixing hole pile column (310B-z) of the lower shell (310B). Inside the lower shell (310B), the upper edge of the ring surrounds the outer edge of the annular rim of the opening top cover (310A). The inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (310t) near the opening of the accommodating cavity (310q) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (320) are fitted with tolerances to form a combined structure in which the upper protrusion (310t) acts as a protective block. Since the opening top cover (310A) and the upper protrusion (310t) on it are made of metal and the inner shell (320) is made of PC plastic, the strength of the opening top cover (310A) is greater than the strength of the inner shell (320) and also greater than the strength of the retroreflector (330). Therefore, the opening top cover (310A) and the upper protrusion (310t) on it can form a reinforced structure that protects the inner shell (320) and the retroreflector (330), and can withstand the crushing of wheels or the impact of foreign objects on the road.

[0271] When installing the buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention, holes are first drilled in the road surface, and then the road stud is embedded and fixed in the drilled holes with structural adhesive. The outer upper edge of the edge ring of the open top cover (310A) is roughly flush with the road surface installation reference surface. When working, the straw hat lamp can emit light in both directions through the side wall of the inner shell (320) and the relatively lower low position (310a) directly opposite it. The double spherical cylindrical glass lens unit can reflect the light from the front, rear, left and right sides of the headlights of oncoming vehicles.

[0272] The buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention, while ensuring waterproof, high pressure resistance, and high impact resistance, not only has a two-way LED light-emitting function in both front and rear, but also can reflect vehicle lights through a retroreflector to provide four-way reflective indication for drivers of motor vehicles or pedestrians in all directions. In particular, when the buried reflective road stud is unable to emit light normally due to insufficient power, it can still provide reflective indication through the retroreflector, and its reflective angle and reflective performance can achieve the actual use effect.

[0273] Example 4

[0274] A buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud includes a protective shell (410), an inner shell (420), a retroreflector (430), a light-emitting device (440), a photovoltaic device (450), electronic circuit components (460), a cured encapsulant body (470), fastening screws (480), a long-afterglow light-emitting element (4100), and an adhesive layer (490), such as Figure 28-31 As shown.

[0275] The protective shell (410) comprises two parts: an open top cover (410A) and a lower shell (410B).

[0276] The aforementioned open top cover (410A) is a die-cast annular aluminum alloy or stainless steel ring cover with an outer diameter of 130mm, an overall circular outer edge, and a central upward-opening cross-shaped top opening (410r).

[0277] The annular rim has a symmetrical upper convex body (410t) on its front and rear sides, which transitions from low to high along a buffer surface (410h) from its outer edge inward. Each convex body has a strip-shaped receiving groove (430d) with its opening facing an inclination angle θ1 = 35°–55°. A suitable amount of liquid adhesive (epoxy structural adhesive or polyurethane structural adhesive) is injected into each receiving groove (430d). A microprism array injection-molded reflector with a bottom electroplated or vapor-deposited reflective layer of a corresponding shape and a deflection angle θ2 = 15°–35° is then embedded to act as a retroreflector (430). The retroreflection angle on one side of the body is θ4 = 12° to 25°. After the adhesive cures, an adhesive layer (490) is formed, which fixes the retroreflector (430) and the receiving slot (430d) to form a structure, thereby forming a retroreflection structure with the angle θ3 = 10° to 20° between the main retroreflection direction and the buried reference plane on the left and right sides. Alternatively, the microprism array injection-molded reflector can be composited to the bottom plate of the receiving slot (430d) through an ultrasonic heat sealing process, leaving an air layer between the two to form a microprism-type retroreflection structure with an air layer at the bottom, which serves as the retroreflector (430).

[0278] The left and right sides of the annular rim are symmetrically provided with an upper convex body (410t) that transitions from low to high from its outer edge inward with a buffer surface (410h). Each convex body has a strip-shaped accommodating slot (430d) with its opening facing an inclination angle θ1 of 35° to 50°. Pre-formed long afterglow luminescent sheets of corresponding shapes are glued and fixed in the accommodating slots (430d) to serve as long afterglow luminescent bodies (4100), thus providing long afterglow luminescent functions on both the left and right sides.

[0279] Between the aforementioned adjacent front, rear, left, and right upper convex bodies (410t), there are relatively lower low positions (410a), and each of the relatively lower low positions (410a) is provided with a through-type fixing hole (410k). Below the through-type fixing hole (410k), there is a downwardly protruding cylindrical fixing hole pile head (410A-z).

[0280] The lower shell (410B) is a cast aluminum protective bottom shell with an upward-opening accommodating cavity (410q), wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Its upper edge has an outwardly expanding circular ring with an outer diameter of 144mm, a thickness of 4mm, and an outer height of 13mm. The upper ring connects to the lower cavity sidewall with a stepped inner ring, 7mm wide. The outer contour of the lower cavity shell (410B) resembles a wave-like ring when viewed from below. The wall-mounted fixing hole pile head (410A-z) corresponding to the opening top cover (410A) is provided with fixing hole pile position (410B-w) for accommodating the fixing hole pile head (410A-z). Below the fixing hole pile position (410B-w) is a fixing hole pile column (410B-z) for supporting the fixing hole pile head (410A-z). The outer side wall of the lower shell (410B) is equipped with vertical ribs (410j), which can improve the structural strength and installation stability of the shell.

[0281] The inner shell (420) is a transparent PC injection-molded inner shell with a downward-facing accommodating cavity. The central part of the top of the inner shell (420) has a roughly cross-shaped raised main structure corresponding to the cross-shaped upper opening (410r) of the open top cover (410A), which serves as the light-emitting part and the light-receiving part. The periphery of the cross-shaped top of the inner shell (420) has a relatively lower pressing part (420t) that forms a stepped structure with the cross-shaped top, thus forming an inner shell with a stepped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The top of the cross-shaped top has anti-slip protrusions. The solar photovoltaic panel (450) is fixed to the lower part of the center of the cross-shaped top through a slot and light-transmitting adhesive. The left and right sidewalls (420e) of the cross-shaped top facing forward and backward are respectively sloped. The upper protrusions (410t) on the front and rear sides and the upper protrusions (410t) on the left and right sides of the cross-shaped top have a relatively low position (410a). The inner top walls of the left and right sides of the cross-shaped top are provided with V-shaped grooves. Below them, a light plate with straw hat LED beads welded on both sides and an upward-facing LED patch welded in the center is fixed by a slot and adhesive to serve as a light-emitting device (440). The lower parts of the front and rear sides of the cross-shaped top are fixed by a slot and adhesive to serve as light-emitting devices (440). Thus, a light emission channel for the light-emitting device (440) to emit light bidirectionally from the front and rear sides is formed on the left and right sides of the inner shell (420) and above the relatively low position (410a) directly opposite it, and it has a bidirectional front and rear LED light emission indication function.

[0282] The electronic circuit components (460) include a battery, a drive and control circuit, which are connected to the light-emitting device (440) and the photovoltaic device (450) and are sealed in the cavity of the inner shell (420) by a white two-component epoxy resin encapsulant curing molding body (470) to form a waterproof encapsulation structure with preliminary pressure and impact resistance.

[0283] A rubber gasket is placed on the bottom surface of the receiving cavity (410q) of the lower shell (410B). The aforementioned waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is then fitted into the receiving cavity (410q) of the lower shell (410B). The opening top cover (410A) is aligned and pressed onto the opening of the lower shell (410B). The fastening screw (480) is screwed on, and silicone sealant is dripped onto the fastening screw (480) and cured to seal it, thus completing the waterproof encapsulation. The inner shell structure is locked inside the protective shell (410), wherein part of the bottom surface of the open top cover (410A) is pressed onto the stepped inner ring of the lower shell (410B), and part is pressed onto the pressing part (420t) of the inner shell (420). The fixing hole pile head (410A-z) of the open top cover (410A) is pressed onto the fixing hole pile position (410B-) above the fixing hole pile column (410B-z) of the lower shell (410B). Inside the lower shell (410B), the upper edge of the ring surrounds the outer edge of the annular rim of the opening top cover (410A). The inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (410t) near the opening of the accommodating cavity (410q) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (420) are fitted with tolerances to form a combined structure in which the upper protrusion (410t) acts as a protective block. Since the opening top cover (410A) and the upper protrusion (410t) on it are made of metal and the inner shell (420) is made of PC plastic, the strength of the opening top cover (410A) is greater than the strength of the inner shell (420) and also greater than the strength of the retroreflector (430). Therefore, the opening top cover (410A) and the upper protrusion (410t) on it can form a reinforced structure that protects the inner shell (420) and the retroreflector (430), and can withstand the crushing of wheels or the impact of foreign objects on the road.

[0284] The buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention is installed by first drilling holes in the road surface, then embedding the road stud and fixing it in the drilled holes with structural adhesive. The outer upper edge of the edge of the open top cover (410A) is roughly flush with the road surface installation reference surface. During operation, the straw hat lamp can emit light in both directions through the side wall of the inner shell (420) and above the relatively lower low position (410a) directly opposite it. The microprism array injection-molded reflective sheet with a reflective layer at the bottom can reflect the headlights of oncoming vehicles and reflect light in both directions in the main direction of horizontal upward retroreflection of 10° to 20°. The pre-formed long afterglow emitting sheet can provide long afterglow emitting function on both the left and right sides.

[0285] The buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention, while ensuring waterproof, high pressure resistance, and high impact resistance, has both front and rear bidirectional LED light emission function and can reflect vehicle lights through retroreflectors to provide bidirectional reflective indication for drivers or pedestrians. It also has long afterglow light emission function on both sides. The long afterglow light emitters on the left and right sides can be replaced with retroreflectors to achieve four-way reflection. In particular, when the buried reflective road stud is unable to emit light normally due to insufficient power, it can still provide reflective indication through retroreflectors and long afterglow light emission induction through long afterglow light emitters, and its reflection angle and reflection performance can achieve the actual use effect.

[0286] Example 5

[0287] A buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud includes a protective shell (510), an inner shell (520), a retroreflector (530), a light-emitting device (540), a photovoltaic device (550), electronic circuit components (560), a cured encapsulant body (570), fastening screws (580), an adhesive layer (590), and a long-afterglow light-emitting element (5100), such as... Figure 32-35 As shown.

[0288] The protective shell (510) comprises two parts: an open top cover (510A) and a lower shell (510B).

[0289] The aforementioned open top cover (510A) is a die-cast annular aluminum alloy or annular stainless steel ring cover, or an injection-molded part of reinforced composite material, with an outer diameter of 122mm, an overall circular outer edge, and a central upward-opening cross-shaped top opening (510r).

[0290] The annular rim is symmetrically provided with an upper convex body (510t) on its front and rear sides, which transitions from low to high along the buffer surface (510h) from its outer edge inward. Each convex body has three cylindrical, downward-facing, obliquely oriented slots (530d) with openings at an angle θ1 = 5° to 20° towards the front and rear vehicle-facing surfaces. A suitable amount of liquid adhesive (ring adhesive) is injected into each of these slots (530d). An oxygen-based structural adhesive or polyurethane structural adhesive is used, and then a double-spherical cylindrical glass lens unit is embedded to act as a retroreflector (530). The retroreflection angle on one side of the retroreflector is θ4 = 15° to 25°. After the adhesive cures, an adhesive layer (590) is formed, which fixes the retroreflector (530) to the receiving slot (530d), thereby forming a retroreflection structure with the main retroreflection direction on both the front and rear sides and the buried reference plane having an angle θ3 = 5° to 20°.

[0291] The left and right sides of the annular rim are each symmetrically provided with an upper convex body (510t) that transitions from low to high along a buffer surface (510h) from its outer edge inward. Each upper convex body (510t) has a strip-shaped placement groove (530d) with its opening facing an inclination angle θ1 of 35° to 55°. Rare earth-doped alkaline earth aluminate type yellow-green long afterglow luminescent powder can be mixed with a two-component transparent epoxy resin mixture or a two-component transparent MMA resin mixture and then dripped into the placement groove (530d) of the upper convex body (510t) on the left and right sides. The resin mixture is internally leveled and cured to form a long-afterglow luminescent material on both the left and right sides. Furthermore, a white adhesive layer (590) can be pre-installed between the long-afterglow luminescent material and the bottom surface of the receiving groove (530d) to act as a white reflective substrate, thereby increasing the long-afterglow luminescence performance. Additionally, while the resin mixture is not fully cured, glass reflective beads (similar to road reflective markings) can be randomly sprinkled onto its surface and cured to form a solidified mixture, thus providing both long-afterglow luminescence and reflective functions on the left and right sides.

[0292] Alternatively, a solar-type fluorescent material can be mixed with a two-component transparent epoxy resin mixture or a two-component transparent MMA resin mixture and then dripped into the receiving grooves (530d) of the left and right upper protrusions (510t) for leveling and curing, thereby possessing fluorescent luminescence functions on both the left and right sides. Furthermore, a white adhesive layer (590) can be pre-set between the phosphor and the bottom surface of the receiving groove (530d) to act as a white reflective substrate layer to increase the fluorescent luminescence performance. Furthermore, while the resin mixture is not fully cured, glass reflective beads (similar to road reflective marking structures) can be sprinkled onto its surface and cured to form a solid shape, thereby possessing fluorescent luminescence and reflective functions on both the left and right sides.

[0293] Alternatively, a liquid two-component epoxy resin mixture or a two-component MMA resin mixture, or a molten hot-melt resin mixture, can be dripped into the receiving grooves (530d) of the left and right upper protrusions (510t) to flow and level. While the resin mixture is not fully cured, glass reflective beads (similar to road reflective markings) are sprinkled onto its surface and cured to form a solid shape, thereby providing reflective functionality on both the left and right sides.

[0294] Between the aforementioned adjacent front, rear, left, and right upper convex bodies (510t), there are relatively lower low sections (510a). Each of the relatively lower low sections (510a) is provided with a through-hole (510k). Below the through-hole (510k) is a downwardly convex cylindrical fixing hole pile head (510A-z). The section where the cylindrical fixing hole pile head (510A-z) is located is the downwardly convex structural thickened section (510A-s).

[0295] The lower shell (510B) is a cast aluminum protective bottom shell with an upward-opening accommodating cavity (510q), wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Its upper edge has an outwardly expanding circular ring with an outer diameter of 138mm, a thickness of 4.2mm, and an outer height of 12.5mm. The upper ring connects to the lower cavity sidewall with a stepped inner ring, 7.2mm wide. The outer contour of the lower cavity shell (510B) resembles a wave-like ring when viewed from below. The sidewall of the lower cavity shell (510B) has corresponding fixing holes for the opening top cover (510A). The head (510A-z) is provided with a recess (510B-a) for accommodating the convex thickened section (510A-s) of the open top cover (510A) and a fixed hole pile position (510B-w) for accommodating the fixed hole pile head (510A-z). Below the fixed hole pile position (510B-w) is a fixed hole pile column (510B-z) for supporting the fixed hole pile head (510A-z). The outer side wall of the lower shell (510B) is provided with vertical ribs (510j), which can improve the structural strength and installation stability of the shell.

[0296] The inner shell (520) is a composite structure consisting of a transparent PC injection-molded inner shell with an opening facing downwards at the top and a bottom cover joined by an ultrasonic composite structure. The central part of the top of the inner shell (520) has a roughly cross-shaped raised main structure corresponding to the cross-shaped upper opening (510r) of the open top cover (510A), which serves as the light-emitting and light-receiving part. The periphery of the cross-shaped top of the inner shell (520) has a relatively lower pressing part (520t) that forms a stepped structure with the cross-shaped top, thus forming an inner shell with a stepped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The top of the cross-shaped top has anti-slip protrusions. A solar photovoltaic panel is fixed below the center of the cross-shaped top through a slot and light-transmitting adhesive to serve as a photovoltaic device (550). The left and right sidewalls (520e) of the cross-shaped top facing forward and backward are respectively sloped and directly opposite the upper protrusions (51) of the front and rear sides. The relatively low position (510a) between the upper protrusions (510t) on the left and right sides of the cross-shaped top is provided with V-shaped grooves on the inner top walls of the left and right sides of the cross-shaped top. Below these grooves, a light plate with straw hat LED beads welded on both sides and an upward-facing LED patch welded in the center is fixed by a slot and adhesive to serve as a light-emitting device (540). Below the front and rear sides of the cross-shaped top, a light plate with an upward-facing LED patch welded on it is fixed by a slot and adhesive to serve as a light-emitting device (540). Thus, a light emission channel for the light-emitting device (540) to emit light bidirectionally from the front and rear sides of the inner shell (520) and above the relatively low position (510a) directly opposite it is formed, and it has a bidirectional and upward LED light emission indication function. The pressing part (520t) is provided with a recess (520a) opposite to the downward-protruding thickened section (510A-s) of the opening top cover (510A).

[0297] The electronic circuit components (560) include a storage battery, drive and control circuits, etc., which are connected to the light-emitting device (540) and photovoltaic device (550) and sealed in the accommodating cavity of the inner shell (520) by a white two-component epoxy resin encapsulant curing molding body (570) to form a waterproof encapsulation structure with preliminary pressure and impact resistance.

[0298] A rubber gasket is placed on the bottom surface of the receiving cavity (510q) of the lower shell (510B). The aforementioned waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is then fitted into the receiving cavity (510q) of the lower shell (510B). The opening top cover (510A) is aligned and pressed onto the opening of the lower shell (510B). The fastening screw (580) is screwed on, and silicone sealant is dripped onto the fastening screw (580) and cured to seal it, thus locking the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure inside the protective shell (510). The bottom surface of the open top cover (510A) is partially pressed onto the stepped inner ring of the lower shell (510B) and partially pressed onto the pressing part (520t) of the inner shell (520). The convex thickened section (510A-s) of the open top cover (510A) is pressed into the recessed part (520a) of the inner shell (520) and the recessed part (510B-a) of the lower shell (510B). The fixing hole pile head (510A-z) of the open top cover (510A) is pressed onto the lower shell. Inside the fixed hole pile position (510B-w) above the fixed hole pile (510B-z) of the shell (510B), the circumferential part of the upper edge of the lower shell (510B) surrounds the outer edge of the annular rim of the open top cover (510A). The inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (510t) near the opening of the accommodating cavity (510q) and the outer side or outer wall of the top of the inner shell (520) form a combined structure in a tolerance fit, where the upper protrusion (510t) acts as a protective block structure. The open top cover (510A) and its upper protrusion (510t) are made of metal, while the inner shell (520) is made of PC plastic. The strength of the open top cover (510A) is greater than that of the inner shell (520) and also greater than that of the retroreflector (530). Therefore, the open top cover (510A) and its upper protrusion (510t) can form a reinforced structure that protects the inner shell (520) and the retroreflector (530), and can withstand the impact of wheel rolling or foreign objects on the road.

[0299] Furthermore, the open top cover (510A) can also be an injection-molded part of a non-metallic reinforced composite material, wherein the retroreflector is bonded to the receiving groove (530d) of the open top cover (510A) by an adhesive layer (590) or an ultrasonic thermoplastic welding structure.

[0300] During installation, the buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention is first drilled in the road surface, and then the road stud is embedded and fixed in the drilled hole with structural adhesive. The outer upper edge of the edge ring of the open top cover (510A) is roughly flush with the road surface installation reference surface. When working, the straw hat lamp can emit light in both directions through the side wall of the inner shell (520) and the relatively lower low position (510a) directly opposite it. The double spherical cylindrical glass lens unit can reflect the light of oncoming vehicles in both directions. The pre-formed long afterglow emitting sheet can provide long afterglow emitting function on both the left and right sides.

[0301] The buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention, while ensuring waterproof, high pressure resistance, and high impact resistance, has both front and rear bidirectional LED light emission function, and can also reflect vehicle lights through retroreflectors to provide bidirectional reflective indication for drivers or pedestrians. It also has long afterglow light emission function on both sides. In particular, when the buried reflective road stud is unable to emit light normally due to insufficient power, it can still provide reflective indication through retroreflectors and long afterglow light emission induction through long afterglow light emission, and its reflective angle and reflective performance can achieve the actual use effect, and can better meet the requirements of intelligent development of road studs.

[0302] Example 6

[0303] An underground solar-powered luminous reflective road stud includes a protective shell (610), an inner shell (620), a retroreflector (630), a light-emitting device (640), a photovoltaic device (650), electronic circuit components (660), a cured encapsulant body (670), fastening screws (680), and an adhesive layer (690), such as Figure 36-45 As shown.

[0304] The protective shell (610) comprises two parts: an open top cover (610A) and a lower shell (610B).

[0305] The aforementioned open top cover (610A) is a die-cast annular aluminum alloy or stainless steel ring cover with an outer diameter of 120mm, a generally circular outer edge, and an upward-opening, octagonal-like top opening (610r) in the center. Figure 42 As shown,

[0306] The front and rear sides (front and rear ends) of the annular rim are each symmetrically provided with an upper convex body (610t) that transitions from low to high along the outer edge inwards via a buffer surface (610h). Each convex body has a strip-shaped receiving groove (630d) with its opening facing an inclination angle θ1 = 35° to 55°. An appropriate amount of liquid adhesive (epoxy structural adhesive or polyurethane structural adhesive) is injected into each receiving groove (630d), and then a corresponding shape is embedded with a deflection angle of θ2 = 15° to 35°. A retroreflective sheet (630) consists of multiple small glass lens beads arranged in an array with a reflective underlayer at the bottom. The retroreflective light angle on one side of the retroreflective sheet is θ4 = 10° to 25°. After the adhesive cures, an adhesive layer (690) is formed, which fixes the retroreflective sheet (630) to the receiving groove (630d) to form a structure, thereby forming a retroreflective structure with the main retroreflective direction on the front and rear sides and the buried reference plane having an angle θ3 = 5° to 30°.

[0307] The left and right sides of the annular rim are symmetrically provided with two upper convex bodies (610t) that transition from low to high from their outer edges inward with a buffer surface (110h). The upper convex body (610t) has a downward-facing depression in the center. The front and rear sides of the upper convex body (610t) are respectively provided with a cylindrical receiving groove (630d) with the opening direction facing the front and rear vehicle faces and the opening angle θ1 = 5° to 18°. The receiving groove (630d) is filled with an appropriate amount of liquid adhesive (epoxy bonding agent). The adhesive (either structural adhesive or polyurethane structural adhesive) is then embedded with a double spherical cylindrical glass lens unit with a diameter of about 9 mm and a length of about 10 mm to serve as a retroreflector (630). The retroreflection angle on one side of the retroreflector is θ4 = 12° to 25°. After the adhesive is cured, an adhesive layer (690) is formed, which fixes the retroreflector (630) and the receiving slot (630d) to form a structure, thereby forming a retroreflection structure with the angle θ3 = 5° to 18° between the main retroreflection direction and the buried reference plane on both the front and rear sides.

[0308] The reflectors (630) on its front and rear sides (front and rear ends) and the reflectors (630) on its left and right sides form a front and rear combination configuration to achieve the brightness superposition effect and reflection angle matching of the retroreflectors.

[0309] The aforementioned receiving slot (630d) is a combination of a hole-type receiving slot and a groove-type receiving slot. Specifically, a groove-type receiving slot is provided on the upper convex body (610t) on the front and rear sides, and a molded reflective sheet is formed by an array of small glass lens reflective beads with a reflective bottom layer arranged in an orderly array structure within the groove-type receiving slot (or an retroreflector composed of an array structure of multiple microprisms with a reflective coating at the bottom or an array structure of multiple microprisms with an air layer at the bottom). A hole-type receiving slot is provided on the upper convex body (610t) on the left and right sides, and a double spherical cylindrical glass lens unit is combined within it. This combination can combine the characteristics of different types of retroreflectors, giving full play to their strengths and avoiding their weaknesses, to achieve the optimal combination configuration, so as to realize the brightness superposition effect and angle matching of multiple retroreflectors and improve the retroreflection efficiency.

[0310] Between the aforementioned adjacent upper convex bodies (610t), there are relatively low low zones (610a) (a total of 6, including the recessed zones in the center of the left and right upper convex bodies). Each of the relatively low low zones (610a) is provided with a through-hole (610k). Below the through-hole (610k) is a downwardly protruding cylindrical fixing hole head (610A-z).

[0311] The lower shell (610B) is a cast aluminum protective bottom shell with an upward-opening accommodating cavity (610q), wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Its upper edge has an outwardly expanding circular ring with an outer diameter of 135mm, a thickness of 4mm, and an outer height of 12mm. The upper ring connects to the lower cavity sidewall with a stepped inner ring, 7mm wide. The outer contour of the lower cavity shell (610B), viewed from below, resembles a wave-like ring. The side wall, corresponding to the fixed hole pile head (610A-z) of the opening top cover (610A), is provided with a fixed hole pile position (610B-w) for accommodating the fixed hole pile head (610A-z). Below the fixed hole pile position (610B-w), there is a fixed hole pile column (610B-z) for supporting the fixed hole pile head (610A-z). The outer side wall of the lower shell (610B) is equipped with vertical ribs (610j), which can improve the structural strength and installation stability of the shell.

[0312] The inner shell (620) is a transparent PC injection-molded inner shell with a downward-opening accommodating cavity, or the inner shell (620) is a composite structure inner shell formed by combining a transparent PC injection-molded inner shell with a downward-opening accommodating cavity at its upper part and an injection-molded bottom cover through an ultrasonic composite structure. The central part of the top of the inner shell (620) has a generally cross-shaped raised main structure that serves as a light-emitting part and a light-receiving part. The periphery of the cross-shaped top of the inner shell (620) has a relatively lower pressing part (620t) that forms a stepped structure with the cross-shaped top, thus forming an inner shell with a stepped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The top of the cross-shaped top has anti-slip protrusions. A solar photovoltaic panel is fixed below the center of the cross-shaped top through a slot and a light-transmitting adhesive to serve as a photovoltaic device. The component (650) has a cross-shaped top with front and rear facing sidewalls (620e) that are sloped and face the upper protrusions (610t) on the front and rear sides and the upper protrusions (610t) on the left and right sides, respectively. The inner top walls of the left and right sides of the cross-shaped top are provided with V-shaped grooves. Below them, a light plate with straw hat-shaped LED beads welded to the front and rear sides and an upward-facing LED patch welded to the center is fixed by a slot and adhesive to serve as a light-emitting device (640). Thus, a light emission channel is formed on the left and right sides of the inner shell (620) and above the relatively lower low-position (610a) directly opposite it, which allows the light-emitting device (640) to emit light in both directions. It also has a bidirectional light emission indication function.

[0313] The electronic circuit components (660) include a battery, drive and control circuits, etc., which are connected to the light-emitting device (640) and photovoltaic device (650) circuits and sealed in the accommodating cavity of the inner shell (620) by a white two-component epoxy resin encapsulant curing molding body (670), forming a waterproof encapsulation structure with preliminary pressure and impact resistance. Its cross-section is as shown in the figure. Figure 2 As shown, its three-dimensional cross-section is as follows: Figure 39 , Figure 40 As shown.

[0314] A rubber gasket is placed on the bottom surface of the receiving cavity (610q) of the lower shell (610B). The aforementioned waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is then fitted into the receiving cavity (610q) of the lower shell (610B). The opening top cover (610A) is aligned and pressed onto the opening of the lower shell (610B). The fastening screw (680) is then screwed on. Silicone glue is then dripped onto the fastening screw (680) and cured to seal it, thus locking the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure inside the protective shell (610).

[0315] Among them, part of the bottom surface of the open top cover (610A) is pressed onto the stepped inner ring of the lower shell (610B), and part is pressed onto the pressing part (620t) of the inner shell (620). The fixing hole pile head (610A-z) of the open top cover (610A) is pressed into the fixing hole pile position (610B-w) above the fixing hole pile column (610B-z) of the lower shell (610B). The circumferential part of the upper edge of the lower shell (610B) surrounds the outer edge of the annular rim of the open top cover (610A). The inner side surface or inner wall of the upper protrusion (610t) near the opening of the receiving cavity (610q) is pressed onto the inner shell (610A-w). The top outer side or outer wall of 20) forms an upper protrusion (610t) in a tolerance fit to act as a protective block structure. Since the open top cover (610A) and its upper protrusion (610t) are made of metal and the inner shell (620) is made of PC plastic, the strength of the open top cover (610A) is greater than the strength of the inner shell (620) and also greater than the strength of the retroreflector (630). Therefore, the open top cover (610A) and its upper protrusion (610t) can form a reinforced structure that protects the inner shell (620) and the retroreflector (630), and can withstand the crushing of wheels or the impact of foreign objects on the road.

[0316] Furthermore, epoxy resin can be dripped into the gap between the waterproof inner shell structure and the protective shell (610) and cured into a curing body (670) to form a secondary waterproof encapsulation structure.

[0317] Furthermore, the open top cover (610A) can also be an injection-molded part of a non-metallic reinforced composite material, wherein the retroreflector is bonded to the receiving groove (630d) of the open top cover (610A) by an adhesive layer (690) or an ultrasonic thermoplastic welding structure.

[0318] Furthermore, the upper edge of the lower shell (610B) (where the buried reference surface is located) is provided with an outwardly extending horizontal protrusion (610x) (also called an outwardly extending limiting support), which can play a limiting role during road surface installation and prevent subsidence after road surface installation, such as... Figure 44 , 45 As shown.

[0319] During installation, the buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention is first drilled in the road surface, and then the road stud is embedded and fixed in the drilled hole with structural adhesive. The outer upper edge of the edge ring of the open top cover (610A) is roughly flush with the road surface installation reference surface. When working, the straw hat lamp can emit light in both directions through the side wall of the inner shell (620) and the relatively lower low position (610a) directly opposite it. The injection-molded reflector, which is composed of multiple small lens units with a reflective bottom layer arranged in an array, can reflect the light of oncoming vehicles and reflect light in both directions in the main direction with an upward retroreflection angle of 5° to 30°. The double spherical cylindrical glass lens unit can reflect the light of oncoming vehicles on both the front and rear sides.

[0320] The buried solar-powered reflective road stud of this invention, while ensuring waterproof, high pressure resistance, and high impact resistance, not only has bidirectional LED lighting function in both directions, but also provides bidirectional reflective indication for drivers or pedestrians by reflecting vehicle headlights through a retroreflector. Especially when the buried reflective road stud is unable to light normally due to insufficient power, it can still provide reflective indication through the retroreflector, and its reflective angle and reflective performance can achieve the actual use effect. Its pressure resistance can reach more than 200kN, the reflective viewing distance can reach more than 150m, and the luminous viewing distance can reach more than 500m. It can be used on highways or high-grade roads with many overloaded and heavy-duty vehicles, as well as on ordinary roads or urban roads. It can also be connected to a wireless module (which can have signal receiving and / or transmitting functions), or an intelligent control module (which can have data processing functions), or a sensor through electronic circuit components to achieve intelligent control or multi-mode lighting, so as to better adapt to the trend of intelligent transportation development.

[0321] Example 7

[0322] A buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud includes a protective shell (710), an inner shell (720), a retroreflector (730), a light-emitting device (740), a photovoltaic device (750), electronic circuit components (760), a cured encapsulant body (770), fastening screws (780), and an adhesive layer (790), such as Figures 46-49 As shown.

[0323] The protective shell (710) is a cast aluminum protective bottom shell with an upward-opening accommodating cavity (710q), which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. Its upper edge is outwardly expanded into a circle, and a wide cross-shaped opening facing upward is provided in the center. Near the upper edge, the front and rear sides are respectively provided with an upper convex body (710t) that transitions from low to high from its outer edge inward with a buffer surface (710h) and is integrated with the bottom shell. Each of these upper convex bodies has three cylindrical holes with the opening grooves facing the front and rear vehicle faces, and the openings of the holes facing the inclination angle θ1 = 5° to 20° downward. A recessed groove (730d) is provided, into which a suitable amount of liquid adhesive (epoxy structural adhesive or polyurethane structural adhesive) is injected. A double-spherical cylindrical glass lens unit is then embedded to act as a retroreflector (730). The retroreflection angle θ4 of the retroreflector on one side is 15° to 25°. After the adhesive cures, an adhesive layer (790) is formed, which fixes the retroreflector (730) to the recessed groove (730d), thereby forming a retroreflection structure with an angle θ3 of 5° to 20° between the main retroreflection direction and the buried reference plane on both the front and rear sides.

[0324] The protective shell (710) has a symmetrical upper protrusion (710t) on the left and right sides near the upper edge, which transitions from low to high from its outer edge inward with a buffer surface (710h) and is integrated with the bottom shell. The upper protrusion (710t) has an outward recess in the inner center near the cross-shaped opening, which can form a fitting structure with the corresponding left and right parts of the inner shell (720).

[0325] The upper edge of the protective shell (710) and the lower cavity shell sidewall are connected by a stepped inner ring. The stepped inner ring of the protective shell (710) is provided with a fixing hole (710) corresponding to the inner shell (720). The outer contour of the lower cavity shell is similar to a wave ring when viewed from below. The outer sidewall of the lower shell (710B) is provided with a vertical rib (710j), which can improve the structural strength and installation firmness of the shell.

[0326] The inner shell (720) is a composite structure consisting of a transparent PC injection-molded inner shell with an opening facing downwards at the top and a bottom cover joined by an ultrasonic composite structure. The central part of the top of the inner shell (720) has a generally top-view cross-shaped raised main structure corresponding to the cross-shaped opening of the protective shell (710), serving as a light-emitting and light-receiving part. Around the cross-shaped top of the inner shell (720) are a relatively low pressing part (720t) corresponding to the cross-shaped opening of the protective shell (710), forming a stepped structure. The pressing part (720t) has fixing holes corresponding to the fixing holes (710k) on the stepped inner ring of the protective shell (710), thus forming a shell with a stepped structure, smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, and a cross-shaped... A solar photovoltaic panel (750) is fixed to the lower center of the top using a slot and light-transmitting adhesive to serve as a photovoltaic device. The left and right sides of the cross-shaped top, facing forward and backward respectively, have sloped sidewalls (720e) that are located between the upper protrusions (710t) on the front and rear sides and the upper protrusions (710t) on the left and right sides, respectively, forming a relatively low low position (710a). The inner top walls of the left and right sides of the cross-shaped top are provided with V-shaped grooves, and below them, lamp plates with straw hat LED beads welded on both sides are fixed using a slot and adhesive to serve as light-emitting devices (740). Thus, a light emission channel is formed on the left and right sides of the inner shell (720) and above the relatively low low position (710a) directly opposite them, allowing the light-emitting device (740) to emit light in both directions, and providing a bidirectional LED light-emitting indication function.

[0327] The electronic circuit components (760) include a storage battery, drive and control circuits, etc., which are connected to the light-emitting device (740) and photovoltaic device (750) and sealed in the accommodating cavity of the inner shell (720) by a white two-component epoxy resin encapsulant curing molding body (770) to form a waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure with preliminary pressure and impact resistance.

[0328] A rubber gasket is placed on the bottom surface of the receiving cavity (710q) of the protective shell (710), and the above-mentioned waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is fitted into the receiving cavity (710q) of the protective shell (710). The pressing part (720t) of the inner shell (720) is aligned and pressed onto the stepped inner ring of the protective shell (710). A fastening screw (780) is screwed into the fixing hole (710k), and then silicone glue is dripped on the fastening screw (780) and cured to seal it as a plug, thereby fixing the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure inside the protective shell (710).

[0329] In this structure, the pressing part (720t) of the inner shell (720) is pressed onto the stepped inner ring of the protective shell (710). The upper edge of the protective shell (710) surrounds the top edge of the inner shell (720). The inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (710t) near the opening of the accommodating cavity (710q) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (720) are fitted together with tolerance to form a combined structure in which the upper protrusion (710t) acts as a protective edge structure. The protective shell (710) and its upper protrusion (710t) are made of metal, while the inner shell (720) is made of PC plastic. The strength of the protective shell (710) is greater than that of the inner shell (720) and also greater than that of the retroreflector (730). Therefore, the protective shell (710) and its upper protrusion (710t) can form a reinforced structure that protects the inner shell (720) and the retroreflector (730), and can withstand the impact of wheel rolling or foreign objects on the road.

[0330] When installing the buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention, holes are first drilled in the road surface, and then the road stud is embedded and fixed in the drilled holes with structural adhesive. The upper edge of the outer side of the protective shell (710) is roughly flush with the road surface installation reference surface. When working, the straw hat lamp can emit light in both directions through the side wall of the inner shell (720) and the relatively lower low position (710a) directly opposite it. The double spherical cylindrical glass lens unit can reflect the light of oncoming vehicles in both directions.

[0331] The buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention, while ensuring waterproof, high pressure resistance, and high impact resistance, not only has a two-way LED light emission function, but also can reflect vehicle lights through a retroreflector to provide two-way reflective indication for drivers or pedestrians. In particular, when the buried reflective road stud is unable to emit light normally due to insufficient power, it can still provide reflective indication through the retroreflector and provide long-afterglow light induction through the long-afterglow light emitter, and its reflective angle and reflective performance can achieve the actual use effect.

[0332] Example 8

[0333] A buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud includes a protective shell (810), an inner shell (820), a retroreflector (830), a light-emitting device (840), a photovoltaic device (850), electronic circuit components (860), a cured encapsulant body (870), fastening screws (880), and an adhesive layer (890), such as Figures 50-54 As shown.

[0334] The protective shell (810) is a cast aluminum protective bottom shell with an upward-opening accommodating cavity (810q), which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. Its upper edge is outwardly flared into a circle, and a wide cross-shaped opening facing upward is provided in the center. The front and rear sides of its upper edge are respectively provided with two relatively short upper protrusions (810t) that transition from low to high from their outer edge inward with a buffer surface (810h) and are integral with the bottom shell, which serve as protective blocks.

[0335] The protective shell (810) has a relatively high upper convex body (810t) on the left and right sides near the upper edge, which transitions from low to high along the buffer surface (810h) and is integral with the bottom shell, serving as a protective guard. The front and rear sides of the protective shell each have a cylindrical receiving groove (830d) with the opening facing the front and rear vehicle faces, and the opening angle θ1 = 5° to 20°. A suitable amount of liquid adhesive is injected into each of the receiving grooves (830d). An epoxy structural adhesive or polyurethane structural adhesive is used, and then a double-spherical cylindrical glass lens unit with a diameter of about 9 mm and a length of about 10 mm is embedded to serve as a retroreflector (830). The retroreflection angle on one side of the retroreflector is θ4 = 12° to 25°. After the adhesive cures, an adhesive layer (890) is formed, which fixes the retroreflector (830) and the receiving groove (830d) to form a structure, thereby forming a retroreflection structure with an angle θ3 = 5° to 20° between the main retroreflection direction and the buried reference plane on both the front and rear sides.

[0336] The height of the top surface of the upper protrusion (810t) relative to the underground reference surface [corresponding to the upper edge of the protective shell (810) after assembly] is about 8mm. The upper protrusion (810t) has an outward recess in the inner center near the cross-shaped opening, which can form a fitting structure with the corresponding left and right parts of the inner shell (820).

[0337] The upper edge of the protective shell (810) and the lower cavity shell sidewall are connected by a stepped inner ring. The stepped inner ring of the protective shell (810) is provided with a fixing hole (810) corresponding to the inner shell (820). The outer contour of the lower cavity shell is similar to a wave ring when viewed from below. The outer sidewall of the lower shell (810B) is provided with vertical ribs (810j), which can improve the structural strength and installation firmness of the shell.

[0338] The inner shell (820) is a composite structure consisting of a transparent PC injection-molded inner shell with an opening facing downwards at the top and a bottom cover joined by an ultrasonic composite structure. The central part of the top of the inner shell (820) has a generally top-view cross-shaped raised main structure corresponding to the cross-shaped opening of the protective shell (810), serving as a light-emitting and light-receiving part. Around the cross-shaped top of the inner shell (820) are a relatively lower pressing part (820t) corresponding to the cross-shaped opening of the protective shell (810), forming a stepped structure. The pressing part (820t) has fixing holes corresponding to the fixing holes (810k) on the stepped inner ring of the protective shell (810), thus forming a shell with a stepped structure, smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The lower part of the center of the cross-shaped top is connected by a slot and... A solar photovoltaic panel (850) is fixed to a translucent adhesive to act as a photovoltaic device. The front and rear sides of the cross-shaped top are respectively provided with strip-shaped mounting slots (830d) with openings facing an angle of θ1 = 35° to 55°. Inside the mounting slots (830d), an injection-molded reflector (830) is formed by an ultrasonic thermoplastic welding structure, consisting of multiple small glass lens beads of corresponding shape with a deflection angle of θ2 = 15° to 35° and an array of reflective substrates at the bottom. The retroreflector's unilateral retroreflection angle θ4 is approximately 20°. The retroreflector (830) and the mounting slots (830d) are structurally fixed, thus forming a retroreflective structure with an angle (elevation angle) θ3 = 5° to 30° between the main retroreflection direction and the buried reference plane on both the front and rear sides.

[0339] The left and right sides of the cross-shaped top have forward and backward facing sidewalls (820e) that are sloped and face the relatively lower low position (810a) between the upper protrusions (810t) on the front and rear sides and the upper protrusions (810t) on the left and right sides. The inner top walls of the left and right sides of the cross-shaped top are provided with V-shaped grooves. Below them, lamp plates with straw hat LED beads welded on both sides are fixed by slots and adhesive to serve as light-emitting devices (840). Thus, a light emission channel for the light-emitting device (840) to emit light in both directions is formed on the left and right sides of the inner shell (820) and above the relatively lower low position (810a) facing them, and it has a bidirectional LED light emission indication function.

[0340] The electronic circuit components (860) include a storage battery, drive and control circuits, etc., which are connected to the light-emitting device (840) and photovoltaic device (850) circuits and are sealed in the accommodating cavity of the inner shell (820) by a white two-component epoxy resin encapsulant curing molding body (870) to form a waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure with preliminary pressure and impact resistance.

[0341] A rubber gasket is placed on the bottom surface of the receiving cavity (810q) of the protective shell (810), and the above-mentioned waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is fitted into the receiving cavity (810q) of the protective shell (810). The pressing part (820t) of the inner shell (820) is aligned and pressed onto the stepped inner ring of the protective shell (810). A fastening screw (880) is screwed into the fixing hole (810k), and then silicone glue is dripped on the fastening screw (880) and cured to seal it as a plug, thereby fixing the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure inside the protective shell (810).

[0342] The inner shell (820) is pressed onto the stepped inner ring of the protective shell (810). The upper edge of the protective shell (810) surrounds the top edge of the inner shell (820). The inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (810t) near the opening of the accommodating cavity (810q) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (820) are fitted together with tolerance to form a combination structure of upper protrusion (810t) serving as a protective block structure (front and rear sides) and a protective edge structure (left and right sides). Since the protective shell (810) and its upper protrusion (810t) are made of metal and the inner shell (820) is made of PC plastic, the strength of the protective shell (810) is greater than that of the inner shell (820). Therefore, the protective shell (810) and its upper protrusion (810t) can form a reinforced structure that protects the inner shell (820) and can withstand the impact of wheel rolling or foreign objects on the road.

[0343] During installation, the buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention is installed by first drilling holes in the road surface, then embedding the road stud and fixing it in the holes with structural adhesive. The upper edge of the outer side of the protective shell (810) is roughly flush with the road surface installation reference surface. When working, the straw hat lamp beads can emit light in both directions through the side wall of the inner shell (820) and the relatively lower low position (810a) directly opposite it. The injection-molded reflector sheet, which has multiple small glass lens reflective beads with reflective bottom layer arranged in an array combination structure, can reflect the front and rear bidirectional reflection of the lights of oncoming vehicles. The double spherical cylindrical glass lens unit can reflect the front and rear reflection of the lights of oncoming vehicles.

[0344] The buried solar-powered reflective road stud of the present invention, while ensuring waterproof, high pressure resistance, and high impact resistance, not only has a two-way LED light emission function, but also can reflect vehicle lights through a retroreflector to provide two-way reflective indication for drivers or pedestrians. In particular, when the buried reflective road stud is unable to emit light normally due to insufficient power, it can still provide reflective indication through the retroreflector and provide long-afterglow light induction through the long-afterglow light emitter, and its reflective angle and reflective performance can achieve the actual use effect.

[0345] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, variations, combinations, additions, equivalent substitutions, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, or the application of the present technology to related and similar technical fields, should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud, comprising a protective shell (1), an inner shell (2) with at least a transparent top, a retroreflector (3), a light-emitting device (4), a photovoltaic device (5), electronic circuit components containing energy storage elements (6), a cured encapsulant body (7), and fasteners (8), characterized in that: The protective shell (1) is an integral cavity-shaped protective shell with a receiving cavity (1q) and an upper opening (1r) at its top, or an assembled cavity-shaped protective shell with a receiving cavity (1q) and an upper opening (1r) at its top, formed by assembling at least two structural parts. The inner shell (2) is a shell with an optical structure in its transparent part and a receiving cavity (2q) below its transparent top. The strength of the protective shell (1) is greater than that of the inner shell (2). The lower part of the inner shell (2) is embedded in the accommodating cavity (1q) of the protective shell (1), and is combined with fasteners (8) to form a double shell structure with partial protection where the transparent top part of the inner shell (2) is exposed or completely exposed. The protective shell (1) has at least two upper protrusions (1t) on its unopened portion at the top, with their tops at a height H relative to the buried reference plane. Correspondingly, other portions without upper protrusions form a low zone (1a) that is relatively low but not lower than the buried reference plane. The top of the protective shell (1) and / or the top of the inner shell (2) are provided with receiving slots (3d). Retroreflectors (3) are integrated into the receiving slots (3d), wherein at least one retroreflector (3) in the receiving slots (3d) forms a lateral retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of its retroreflected light and the buried reference plane is less than 45°. The light-emitting device (4), photovoltaic device (5), and electronic circuit components (6) are assembled through circuit connection and encapsulated in a curing molded body (7) with encapsulation glue. This encapsulates the components within the aforementioned double-shell structure to form a high-strength, buried solar-powered reflective road stud with lateral reflective function and a waterproof encapsulation structure. Among them, the inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) near the upper opening (1r) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (2) are formed by tolerance fitting to form a combination structure in which the upper protrusion (1t) can provide mechanical protection for the inner shell (2) and / or the retroreflector (3). The inner shell (2) includes at least the transparent top of the part where the photovoltaic device (5) is located, which is exposed from the upper opening (1r) of the protective shell (1) and is higher than the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1). The whole has a light emission channel from the inside to the outside through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1).

2. The buried solar-powered reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (1) has at least two upper protrusions (1t) near the edge of its unopened portion at the top. The outer edges of these protrusions are lower than but not lower than the buried reference surface, and the top of each protrusion is at a height H relative to the buried reference surface. At least one of the upper protrusions (1t) has a receiving groove (3d). The receiving groove (3d) is a hole-type receiving groove or / and a recess-type receiving groove. The receiving groove (3d) is connected to a retroreflector (3) through an interlocking structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a lateral retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 45°. The light-emitting device (4) is an LED light-emitting device. The light-emitting device (4), photovoltaic device (5), and electronic circuit components (6) are assembled by circuit connection and combined with encapsulating glue to form a molded body (7) and encapsulated in the accommodating cavity (2q) of the inner shell (2) to form a waterproof encapsulating inner shell structure with preliminary pressure and impact resistance. The lower part of the inner shell (2) is embedded in the accommodating cavity (1q) of the protective shell (1). The protective shell (1) and the waterproof encapsulating inner shell structure are combined by fasteners (8) to form an integral reinforced structure. Among them, the inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) near the upper opening (1r) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (2) are formed by tolerance fitting to form a combination structure in which the upper protrusion (1t) acts as a protective block structure or / and the upper protrusion (1t) acts as a protective edge structure. The transparent top of the inner shell (2), including the part where the photovoltaic device (5) is located, is exposed from the upper opening (1r) of the protective shell (1). The top height of the inner shell (2) or the top of the retroreflector (3) The height is slightly lower than or approximately equal to the height H of the upper protrusion (1t) but higher than the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), and the whole has a light emission channel from the inside to the outside through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), and forms a lateral light emission structure in which the main direction of light emission of at least one beam of light emitted through the light emission channel is less than 45° with the buried reference plane.

3. The buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (1) has an upper protrusion (1t) on the top of the unopened portion near the edge of the front and rear sides, or / and the protective shell (1) has an upper protrusion (1t) on the top of the unopened portion near the edge of the left and right sides. The upper protrusion (1t) of the protective shell (1) is a protrusion-type stop, or a protrusion-segment stop, or a combination of a protrusion-type stop and a protrusion-segment stop, or the upper protrusion (1t) of the protective shell (1) is an upper protrusion (1t) that rises from its outer edge inward. Alternatively, two or more upper protrusions (1t) may be provided on the unopened portion of the top of the front and / or rear sides of the protective shell (1) near the edge, forming a low zone (1a) that is relatively low but not lower than the buried reference surface between adjacent upper protrusions (1t). Or, two or more upper protrusions (1t) may be provided on the unopened portion of the top of the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) near the edge, forming a low zone (1a) that is relatively low but not lower than the buried reference surface between adjacent upper protrusions (1t). Or, upper protrusions (1t) may be provided on the unopened portion of the top of the front and rear sides of the protective shell (1) and on the unopened portion of the top of the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) near the edge, forming a low zone (1a) that is relatively low but not lower than the buried reference surface between the upper protrusions (1t) of the front and rear sides of the protective shell (1) and the upper protrusions (1t) of the left and right sides of the protective shell (1). Alternatively, the upper protrusion (1t) on the front or rear side of the protective shell (1) is provided with a corresponding receiving groove (3d) that opens forward or rearward, and a retroreflector (3) is attached to the receiving groove (3d). Or, the upper protrusion (1t) on the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) is provided with a corresponding receiving groove (3d) that opens to the left and to the right, respectively, and a retroreflector (3) is attached to the receiving groove (3d). The upper protrusions (1t) on the front and right sides are provided with receiving slots (3d) that open forward and / or backward. An antireflector (3) is attached to the receiving slots (3d). Alternatively, the top of the protective shell (1) has multiple upper protrusions (1t) near the edge of its unopened portion. Each upper protrusion (1t) is provided with a receiving slot (3d). The receiving slots (3d) are arranged in a front-to-back or / and left-to-right combination and are respectively attached to an antireflector (3). Alternatively, the upper protrusion (1t) on the front side of the protective shell (1) is provided with a forward-opening receiving slot (3d), and the upper protrusions (1t) on the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) are respectively provided with forward-opening hole-type receiving slots (3d), and retroreflectors (3) with the main direction of retroreflected light facing forward are respectively attached to the receiving slots (3d), or / and, the upper protrusion (1t) on the rear side of the protective shell (1) is provided with a rearward-opening receiving slot (3d), and the upper protrusions (1t) on the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) are respectively provided with rearward-opening hole-type receiving slots (3d), and retroreflectors (3) with the main direction of retroreflected light facing backward are respectively attached to the receiving slots (3d). Alternatively, the top of the protective shell (1) may have multiple upper protrusions (1t) near the edge of its unopened portion. Each upper protrusion (1t) may have a receiving slot (3d). The receiving slot (3d) may be a combination of a hole-type receiving slot and a groove-type receiving slot. Different structures or types of retroreflectors (3) may be combined in the hole-type receiving slot and the groove-type receiving slot, respectively. Alternatively, the upper protrusion (1t) on the front and / or rear side of the protective shell (1) is provided with a groove-type receiving hole (3d). The groove-type receiving hole (3d) is combined with a microprism-type retroreflector composed of an array of multiple microprisms with a reflective coating at the bottom, or a microprism-type retroreflector composed of an array of multiple microprisms with an air layer at the bottom, or a microbead array combination type retroreflector composed of multiple small lens units with a reflective bottom layer at the bottom arranged in an array combination structure. The upper protrusion (1t) on the left and right sides of the protective shell (1) is provided with a hole-type receiving hole (3d). The hole-type receiving hole (3d) is combined with a lens unit type retroreflector with an optical lens structure with a spherical, curved or free surface, a reflective coating at the bottom, and satisfying the retroreflection condition.

4. The buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (1) has at least two upper protrusions (1t) on the unopened part near the edge, with the outer edge of each protrusion being lower than but not lower than the buried reference surface, and the top of each protrusion being at a height H relative to the buried reference surface, and the protrusions increasing in height from the outer edge inward. Alternatively, the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) is provided with a non-penetrating receiving groove (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is embedded into the receiving groove (3d) from top to bottom above its opening or from the outside of its opening into the receiving groove (3d). A glue groove or glue extrusion seam is provided between the bottom surface of the retroreflector (3) and the receiving groove (3d) and / or the side wall of the reflector (3) and the receiving groove (3d). An adhesive layer (9) is provided in the glue groove or glue extrusion seam. The receiving groove (3d) is bonded to the retroreflector (3) through the adhesive layer (9). Alternatively, the upper protrusion (1t) of the protective shell (1) is provided with a through-type receiving slot (3d), and the retroreflector (3) is embedded into the receiving slot (3d) from below its through opening from bottom to top or from the inside of its through opening from the inside to the outside. A glue groove or glue extrusion seam is provided between the reflector (3) and the side wall of the receiving slot (3d), and an adhesive layer (9) is provided in the glue groove or glue extrusion seam. The receiving slot (3d) is bonded to the retroreflector (3) through the adhesive layer (9). Alternatively, a retroreflector (3) may be composited within the receiving slot (3d) of the upper protrusion (1t) via a plastic-welded structure, or a fixing hole (1k) may be provided within the receiving slot (3d) of the upper protrusion (1t), with a fastening screw provided within the fixing hole (1k), and the retroreflector (3) may be located within the receiving slot (3d) above the fastening screw. Alternatively, the retroreflector (3) is bonded to the receiving groove (3d) of the protective shell (1) through a high-hardness adhesive layer (9), wherein the high-hardness adhesive layer (9) is a hard plastic molded body formed by curing liquid or molten adhesive. Alternatively, the retroreflector (3) can be bonded to the receiving groove (3d) of the protective shell (1) via a less hard adhesive layer (9), wherein the less hard adhesive layer (9) is a soft rubber molded body formed by curing liquid or molten adhesive. Alternatively, the adhesive layer (9) may be a transparent adhesive layer, or an adhesive layer containing an anti-reflective material to improve reflectivity. Alternatively, the adhesive layer (9) can be a secondary adhesive layer, and the retroreflector (3) can be a retroreflector that can be bonded again to the receiving slot (3d) of the protective shell (1) through the above adhesive layer.

5. The buried solar-powered reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper convex body (1t) has at least one hole-type receiving groove (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is a lens unit type retroreflector with a spherical, curved or free surface optical lens structure, with a reflective coating on its bottom, and satisfying the retroreflection condition. It is fitted into the hole-type receiving groove (3d) and fixed through the adhesive layer (9). Alternatively, the upper convex body (1t) may have at least one groove-shaped receiving hole (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is a microprism-type retroreflector with an array structure of multiple microprisms with a reflective coating at the bottom, or a microprism-type retroreflector with an array structure of multiple microprisms with an air layer at the bottom. It is fitted into the groove-shaped receiving hole (3d) and fixed through the adhesive layer (9). Alternatively, the upper convex body (1t) may have at least one groove-shaped receiving hole (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is an injection-molded microbead array retroreflector composed of multiple small lens units with a reflective bottom layer arranged in an array-type combination structure. It is embedded in the groove-shaped receiving hole (3d) and fixed through an adhesive layer (9). Alternatively, the upper protrusion (1t) may have at least one groove-shaped receiving hole (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is a plant-shaped retroreflector with multiple glass reflective beads bonded to the surface of the adhesive layer (9) and solidified. It is fitted into the groove-shaped receiving hole (3d) and fixed through the adhesive layer (9). Alternatively, the upper convex body (1t) may have multiple accommodating slots (3d) respectively provided with two or more different types of retroreflective optical structures or retroreflective molding structures, such as retroreflective bodies (3). Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may have a groove-shaped receiving slot (3d) on the top edge or the side near the edge of the top. The retroreflector (3) is a microprism-type retroreflector with an array structure of multiple microprisms with a reflective coating at the bottom, or a microprism-type retroreflector with an array structure of multiple microprisms with an air layer at the bottom. It is fitted into the groove-shaped receiving slot (3d) of the inner shell (2) and fixed by the adhesive layer (9). Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may have a groove-shaped receiving slot (3d) on the high-low transition surface of the top edge or the side near the edge of the top. The retroreflector (3) is a microprism-type retroreflector composed of an array of multiple microprisms. It is formed by ultrasonic thermoplastic welding in the groove-shaped receiving slot (3d) of the inner shell (2) to create a retroreflective structure with an air layer between the bottom surface of the microprism-type retroreflector and the receiving slot. Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may have a groove-shaped receiving slot (3d) on the high-low transition surface of the top edge or the side near the edge of the top. The retroreflector (3) may have a bottom with a reflective underlayer. A retroreflector consisting of multiple small lens units arranged in an array-type structure, formed by injection molding, is fitted into a groove-type receiving slot (3d) of the inner shell (2) and fixed by an adhesive layer (9). Alternatively, a groove-type receiving slot (3d) may be provided on the high-low transition surface of the top edge or the side of the top near the edge of the inner shell (2). The retroreflector (3) is a retroreflector consisting of multiple small lens units with a reflective bottom layer arranged in an array-type structure, formed by injection molding, formed by injection molding, and is composited in the groove-type receiving slot (3d) of the inner shell (2) by ultrasonic thermoplastic welding. Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may have multiple accommodating slots (3d) respectively provided with two or more different types of retroreflective optical structures or retroreflective molding structures, such as retroreflective bodies (3).

6. The buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle θ3 between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference plane after the retroreflector (3) and the receiving slot (3d) on the upper convex body (1t) are combined is between 5° and 30°. Alternatively, the angle θ3 between the main direction of the retroreflected light after the retroreflector (3) and the receiving slot (3d) on the upper convex body (1t) are combined with the buried reference plane is less than or equal to the angle θ4 of the single-sided range of the retroreflected light. Alternatively, the retroreflector (3) may have a single-sided retroreflection angle θ4 between 10° and 30°. Alternatively, the opening of the accommodating slot (3d) of the upper protrusion (1t) has an inclination angle θ1 between 3° and 60°. Alternatively, the retroreflector (3) is a retroreflector whose principal direction of retroreflected light and its normal angle or the deflection angle θ2 of its central axis are between 15° and 35°. Alternatively, the retroreflector (3) is a retroreflector without a deflection angle θ2. The opening angle of the slot (3d) of the upper convex body (1t) is θ1, the angle θ3 between the main direction of the retroreflected light after the retroreflector (3) and the slot (3d) on the upper convex body (1t) are combined and the buried reference plane is θ3, and the unilateral range angle θ4 of the retroreflected light of the retroreflector (3) satisfies: θ1=θ3≤θ4. Alternatively, the retroreflector (3) may be a retroreflector with a built-in deflection angle θ2. The opening angle θ1 of the slot (3d) of the upper convex body (1t), the deflection angle θ2 of the retroreflector (3), the angle θ3 between the main direction of the retroreflected light after the retroreflector (3) and the slot (3d) on the upper convex body (1t) are combined with the buried reference plane, and the single-sided range angle θ4 of the retroreflected light of the retroreflector (3) satisfies the following: θ1-θ2=θ3≤θ4, Alternatively, the retroreflector (3) may be a retroreflector with a reflective optical structure having a large incident angle range and / or a large observation angle range. Alternatively, the retroreflector (3) is a lens unit type retroreflector with a spherical optical lens structure and a reflective coating on its bottom. The diameter of the retroreflective lens unit is between 8 mm and 12 mm. The main direction θ3 of the retroreflected light of the retroreflector (3) after being combined with the receiving slot (3d) is approximately equal to the tilt angle θ1 of the opening of the receiving slot (3d). Alternatively, the retroreflector (3) is an injection-molded microbead array retroreflector composed of multiple small glass lens reflective beads with a reflective bottom layer arranged in an array structure, with the diameter of the small glass lens reflective beads between 3mm and 5mm. Alternatively, the retroreflector (3) is a plant-type retroreflector with multiple glass reflective beads bonded to the surface of the adhesive layer (9) and solidified into a plant-type structure, wherein the diameter of the glass reflective beads solidified on the surface of the plant is less than 3 mm.

7. The buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (1) has an upper protrusion (1t) on one side of its top, near the edge of the unopened portion, which is provided with an upward protrusion (1t) that rises from the outer edge inward. The upper protrusion (1t) has an accommodating groove (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The retroreflector (3) is fixed in the accommodating groove (3d) by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a unidirectional retroreflective structure with a lateral retroreflective light main direction. At least some of the light-emitting devices (4) have their main light emission direction through the light emission channel and the main retroreflective light direction of the retroreflector (3) on the same side of the road spike in the horizontal direction, and the included angle θ6 between the two is less than 25°. Alternatively, on the top of the opposite sides of the protective shell (1), near the edge of the unopened portion, there are respectively an upper protrusion (1t) that rises from the outer edge inward. The upper protrusion (1t) on the opposite sides is respectively provided with an outward or upward accommodating slot (3d). The accommodating slot (3d) on the opposite sides is respectively fixed with a retroreflector (3) by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a bidirectional retroreflective structure with a main direction of lateral retroreflected light. At least some of the light-emitting devices (4) have their main light emission direction through the light emission channel and the main direction of retroreflected light of the retroreflector (3) on the same side of the road spike in the horizontal direction, and the included angle θ6 between the two is less than 25°. Alternatively, the top of the protective shell (1) on multiple sides has an upper protrusion (1t) that rises from the outer edge inwards near the edge of the unopened portion. Each upper protrusion (1t) on each side has an accommodating slot (3d) with the opening facing outwards or upwards. Each accommodating slot (3d) on each side is fixed with a retroreflector (3) by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a multi-directional retroreflective structure with a main direction of lateral retroreflected light. At least some of the light-emitting devices (4) have their main light emission direction through the light emission channel and the main direction of retroreflected light of the retroreflector (3) on the same side of the road spike in the horizontal direction, and the included angle θ6 between the two is less than 25°.

8. The buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner shell (2) has at least one of the following optical structures on its light-emitting portion: a light refraction structure, a light reflection structure, a light-concentrating structure, a light-diffusing structure, a light angle deflection structure, and a light beam upward shifting structure. Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may have an optical structure that allows light emitted from the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1) to be emitted at an angle of less than 15° between the main luminous direction and the buried reference plane. Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may have an optical structure that allows the emitted light from the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1) to be emitted at an angle with the main emission direction and the buried reference plane within the error range of 0°; or the inner shell (2) may have an inclined light-emitting surface (2e) with an inclination angle between 25° and 60°; or the emission center axis of the emitted light from the light-emitting device (4) after passing through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) may fall between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the total height of the light-emitting surface (2e). Alternatively, the height of the transparent top surface of the inner shell (2) relative to the buried reference surface is between 75% and 100% of the height H of the upper convex body (1t). Alternatively, the thickness of the transparent top of the inner shell (2) is between 7 mm and 15 mm.

9. The buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-emitting device (4) includes an LED light emitter with a focusing lens, or the light-emitting device (4) includes an LED light emitter with a half-intensity angle of less than 45°. Alternatively, the entire road stud may have at least one or at least one set of light-emitting devices (4) that emit light from the inside out through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), and form a lateral light-emitting structure in which the main direction of at least one beam of light emitted through the light-emitting channel is at an angle of less than 15° with the buried reference plane. Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may have multiple or more sets of light-emitting devices (4) in its accommodating cavity (2q), or the inner shell (2) may have two or more light-emitting devices (4) with two or more main light-emitting wavelengths (dual-color or multi-color light emission), or the inner shell (2) may have light-emitting devices (4) with different packaging structures, or the inner shell (2) may have light-emitting devices (4) with different main light-emitting directions, or the inner shell (2) may have light-emitting devices (4) with different light-emitting angles.

10. The buried solar-powered reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main direction of light emission from some of the light-emitting devices (4) through the light emission channel and the main direction of retroreflected light from some of the retroreflectors (3) are set on the same side of the road spike in their horizontal direction, and the angle θ6 between the two is less than 25°. Alternatively, the main direction of light emission from some of the light-emitting devices (4) through the aforementioned light emission channel and the main direction of retroreflected light from some of the retroreflectors (3) are located on the same side of the road spike in their horizontal direction, and the angle θ6 between the two is less than 5°. Alternatively, the main direction of light emission from some of the light-emitting devices (4) through the aforementioned light emission channel and the main direction of retroreflected light from some of the retroreflectors (3) are set on the same side of the road spike in their horizontal direction, and the angle θ6 between the two is 0° within the error range.

11. The buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (1) is a cavity-shaped protective shell with an upper opening (1r) provided in the middle or approximately middle part of the shell and an open-mouth-shaped lower shell with an upward opening and a diameter larger than the upper opening (1r) provided by fasteners (8). Alternatively, the protective shell (1) is a cavity-shaped protective shell with an upper shell, a lower shell or a bottom cover with upper and lower openings and a diameter of the lower opening that is greater than or equal to the diameter of the upper opening (1r) provided by fasteners (8). Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may be a transparent shell with an integral structure and a bottom opening, or the inner shell (2) may be a composite structure inner shell composed of a transparent upper shell with a bottom opening, a lower shell, or a bottom cover, or the inner shell (2) may be an assembled structure inner shell composed of a transparent upper shell with a bottom opening, a lower shell, or a bottom cover. Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may be fitted into the cavity (1q) of the protective shell (1) from top to bottom and combined with fasteners (8) to form an assembly structure, or the inner shell (2) may be fitted into the cavity (1q) of the protective shell (1) from bottom to top and combined with fasteners (8) to form an assembly structure.

12. The buried solar-powered reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (1) is an assembled protective bottom shell, or a composite protective bottom shell, or the protective shell (1) is a shell with an organic material injection molding structure, or a shell with a non-metallic composite material compression molding structure, or a shell with a metal die casting structure, or a shell with a metal forging structure. Alternatively, the top edge of the protective shell (1) near the buried reference surface has a circular or symmetrical polygonal shape when viewed from above; or the outer diameter of the part of the protective shell (1) near the buried reference surface is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of its lower part; or the height of the protective shell (1) below the buried reference surface is between 40mm and 120mm. Alternatively, the outer diameter of the protective shell (1) at the location of the buried reference surface is between 120mm and 220mm, or the top of the protective shell (1) has an upper protrusion (1t) on the unopened part near the edge, which extends from the outer edge inward with a buffer surface (1h) from low to high. The buffer surface (1h) of the upper protrusion (1t) is a slope, a folded surface, or an arc surface. Alternatively, the upper convex body (1t) may be an upper convex body whose side edge transitions from low to high with a slope, fold, or arc surface; or the upper convex body (1t) may be an upper convex body whose inner edge forms an inner sidewall structure with a vertical surface from low to high; or the upper convex body (1t) may be a convex block type upper convex body, a convex segment type upper convex body, an arc segment type upper convex body, or a combination of two or more of the above. Alternatively, the junctions of the surfaces of the upper convex body (1t) may be curved surfaces or / and folded surfaces. Alternatively, the upper protrusion (1t) may be provided with a notch, groove, hole, or anti-slip structure. Alternatively, the height H of the top of the upper protrusion (1t) relative to the buried reference surface is between 7mm and 12mm, or the protective shell (1) is equipped with a structural reinforcement auxiliary structure, an assembly auxiliary structure, or an installation auxiliary structure. Alternatively, the upper edge of the protective shell (1) may be provided with an outwardly extending portion, or with multiple outwardly extending protrusions arranged at certain intervals. Alternatively, the fixing hole (1k) may be a recessed fixing screw hole, the fastener (8) may be a screw or bolt, or the inner shell (2) may be a transparent injection-molded shell with a bottom opening, or a composite inner shell consisting of a transparent injection-molded shell with a bottom opening and a bottom cover joined by an ultrasonic composite structure, or a composite inner shell consisting of a transparent injection-molded shell with a bottom opening and a bottom cover joined by an ultrasonic composite structure. Alternatively, the central part of the top of the inner shell (2) may have a cross-shaped raised main structure relative to the underground reference plane. Alternatively, the top of the inner shell (2) may be provided with an anti-slip structure. Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may have a structural reinforcement auxiliary structure or an assembly auxiliary structure.

13. The buried solar-powered reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner shell (2) is provided with a light-emitting device (4) in the accommodating cavity (2q) near its front and rear sides or / and in the accommodating cavity (2q) near its left and right sides, or a photovoltaic device (5) is provided in the middle part of the transparent top of the inner shell (2) or below the middle part.

14. The buried solar-powered reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic circuit component (6) is connected to a wireless module, an intelligent control module, or a sensor.

15. The buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper protrusion (1t) is further provided with a long afterglow luminescent body (10) in the receiving slot (3d). Alternatively, a long afterglow luminescent element (10) may be provided inside the fixing hole (1k) of the protective shell (1). Alternatively, a long-afterglow light emitter (10) that can be excited by a light-emitting device (4) may be provided below the transparent top of the inner shell (2). The long-afterglow luminescent body (10) is a mixture of long-afterglow luminescent material and liquid transparent medium, or the long-afterglow luminescent body (10) is a long-afterglow luminescent body (10) with a white adhesive layer (9), or the long-afterglow luminescent body (10) is a cured body of transparent encapsulating adhesive (7) mixed with long-afterglow luminescent powder. Alternatively, a fluorescent element may be provided within the receiving slot (3d) of the upper protrusion (1t). Alternatively, a fluorescent element may be provided inside the fixing hole (1k) of the protective shell (1). The phosphor is a mixture of fluorescent material and liquid transparent medium cured and molded body, or the phosphor is a phosphor with a white adhesive layer (9), or the phosphor is a cured and molded body of transparent encapsulating adhesive (7) mixed with fluorescent material; Alternatively, the inner shell (2) may also be provided with a light-emitting device (4) that emits light from the inside out and upward through the transparent part of the inner shell (2).

16. The buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: An encapsulating adhesive curing body (7) is provided between the protective shell (1) and the inner shell (2), or an encapsulating adhesive curing body (7) is provided between the protective shell (1) and the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure, or an encapsulating adhesive curing body (7) is provided between the gaps in the tolerance fit parts, forming a further waterproof encapsulation structure and / or a reinforced structure combined with encapsulating adhesive. Alternatively, a seal or elastomer may be provided between the protective shell (1) and the inner shell (2), or a seal or elastomer may be provided between the protective shell (1) and the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure, or a seal or elastomer may be provided between the gaps in the tolerance fit parts to form a shock-absorbing and buffering structure. Alternatively, the top or bottom of the protective shell (1), the bottom of the inner shell (2), or the joint between the protective shell (1) and the inner shell (2) may be provided with a glue-filling hole, glue-filling port, or glue-filling seam, or a venting hole.

17. The buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (1) is a cavity-shaped protective shell with an assembled structure, comprising an open top cover (1A) with an upper opening (1r) in its middle or approximately middle portion and a lower shell (1B) with an upward-facing accommodating cavity (1q). The diameter of the upper opening (1r) on the open top cover (1A) is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the upward-facing opening of the accommodating cavity (1q). The open top cover (1A) is provided with a plurality of fixing holes (1k) for mounting fasteners (8). The lower shell (1B) is a shell composed of its bottom and side panels. The side panels of the lower shell (1B) are provided with screw holes corresponding to the fixing holes (1k) on the open top cover (1A). The inner shell (2) is at least made of transparent material at the top, with an upward convex portion at the center of the top. The inner shell (2) has a pressing portion (2t) at the edge adjacent to the bottom of the upward convex portion, which is relatively lower than its top surface, thus forming an inner shell with a stepped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. A downward-opening receiving cavity (2q) is provided below the transparent top. The opening top cover (1A) is provided with at least two upper protrusions (1t) whose inner edges near the upper opening (1r) are higher and whose outer edges are lower but not lower than the buried reference surface. Correspondingly, other parts without upper protrusions (1t) form a low area (1a) that is relatively low but not lower than the buried reference surface. At least one upper protrusion (1t) is provided with a receiving groove (3d). A retroreflector (3) is fixed in the receiving groove (3d) by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a lateral retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 30°. The light-emitting device (4) is an LED light-emitting device. The opening top cover (1A) is fixed to the top of the lower shell (1B) by fasteners (8) through fixing holes (1k), forming a relatively strong assembled protective bottom shell that locks the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure inside. The upper protrusion of the inner shell (2) fits into the upper opening (1r) of the opening top cover (1A), and the higher inner side of the upper protrusion (1t) is close to the outer side of the upper protrusion of the inner shell (2). The bottom surface or bottom of the opening top cover (1A) is pressed onto the lower shell (1B) and the pressing part (2t) of the inner shell (2), respectively, thereby forming an integral reinforced structure. Among them, the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) near the inner side or inner wall of the upper opening (1r) and the top outer side or outer wall of the inner shell (2) are formed by tolerance matching to form a combination structure in which the upper protrusion (1t) acts as a protective block structure or / and the upper protrusion (1t) acts as a protective edge structure. The inner shell (2) includes at least the transparent top of the part where the photovoltaic device (5) is located, which is exposed from the upper opening (1r) of the opening top cover (1A) and is higher than the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1). The whole has at least one or at least one set of light-emitting devices (4) emit light from the inside to the outside through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the opening top cover (1A). It forms a lateral light-emitting structure in which the main direction of the light emission of at least one beam of light emitted through the light emission channel has an angle of less than 30° with the buried reference plane.

18. The buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (1) is an integral cavity-shaped protective shell with a receiving cavity (1q) and an upper opening (1r) at its top. The outer diameter of the upper part of the protective shell (1) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the lower part of the protective shell (1). The inner shell (2) is a structure with at least a transparent top and an extended portion at the top edge, forming an inner shell that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The outer diameter of the top of the inner shell (2) is smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the upper edge of the protective shell (1). A downward-opening receiving cavity (2q) is provided below the transparent top. The extended portion of the transparent top of the inner shell (2) is provided with fixing holes for mounting fasteners (8). The top of the protective shell (1) has at least two upper protrusions (1t) near the edge of its unopened portion. The inner edge of the protrusions (1t) is higher than the outer edge of the upper opening (1r). Correspondingly, the other portions without upper protrusions (1t) form a low zone (1a) that is relatively low but not lower than the buried reference surface. At least one upper protrusion (1t) has a receiving groove (3d). The receiving groove (3d) is fixed with a retroreflector (3) by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a lateral retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 30°. The protective shell (1) has multiple fixing holes (1k) for mounting fasteners (8). The light-emitting device (4) is an LED light-emitting device. The lower part of the inner shell (2) is embedded in the receiving cavity (1q) of the protective shell (1). The extension at the top of the inner shell (2) is pressed onto the corresponding part of the protective shell (1) from top to bottom. The waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is combined with the protective shell (1) through the fixing hole (1k) by fasteners (8) to form an integral reinforced structure. The inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) near the upper opening (1r) is fitted with the outer side or outer wall of the top of the inner shell (2) with tolerance. The structure is formed by combining an upper protrusion (1t) as a protective block structure and / or an upper protrusion (1t) as a protective edge structure, and the whole has at least one or at least one set of light-emitting devices (4) that emit light from the inside out through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), and forms a lateral light-emitting structure in which the main direction of the light emission through the light emission channel is less than 30° from the buried reference surface.

19. A buried solar-powered reflective road stud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (1) is an integral cavity-shaped protective shell with a receiving cavity (1q) and an upper opening (1r) at its top. The inner shell (2) is a structure with at least a transparent top and an extended portion at the top edge, forming an inner shell that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. A downward-opening receiving cavity (2q) is provided below the transparent top. The extended portion of the transparent top of the inner shell (2) is provided with fixing holes for mounting fasteners (8). The inner shell (2) has a receiving groove (3d) on the top edge or the side of the top near the edge. The receiving groove (3d) is connected to a retroreflector (3) by plastic welding, forming a lateral retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference plane is less than 30°. The light-emitting device (4) is an LED light-emitting device. The lower part of the inner shell (2) is embedded in the accommodating cavity (1q) of the protective shell (1). The extension of the top of the inner shell (2) is pressed onto the corresponding part of the protective shell (1) from top to bottom. The waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is combined with the protective shell (1) through the fixing hole (1k) by fasteners (8) to form an integral reinforced structure. The inner side or inner wall of the upper protrusion (1t) on the protective shell (1) near the upper opening (1r) and the outer side or outer wall of the top of the inner shell (2) are formed by tolerance fit to form a combination of the upper protrusion (1t) acting as a protective block structure and / or the upper protrusion (1t) acting as a protective edge structure. The structure has an antireflector (3) in the accommodating slot (3d) on the inner shell (2) that is not lower than the buried reference surface. The top height of the inner shell (2) or the top height of the antireflector (3) is slightly lower than or approximately equal to the height H of the upper protrusion (1t). The structure has at least one or at least one set of light-emitting devices (4) that emit light from the inside out through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1). The structure forms a lateral light-emitting structure in which the main direction of light emission through the light emission channel is less than 30° from the buried reference surface.

20. A buried solar-powered reflective road stud according to claim 17, characterized in that: The opening top cover (1A) is a ring-shaped top cover with an upper opening (1r) in its middle. The opening top cover (1A) has an upper protrusion (1t) that rises from its outer edge inward. Correspondingly, other parts without the upper protrusion (1t) form a low area (1a) that is relatively low but not lower than the buried reference surface. The upper protrusion (1t) has a receiving groove (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The receiving groove (3d) is fixed with a retroreflector (3) by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 30°. The lower shell (1B) is a protective bottom shell that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, consisting of a bottom and its side perimeter, with an upward-opening accommodating cavity (1q). It is composed of a larger-diameter upper ring portion and a smaller-diameter lower accommodating cavity shell. The inner edge shape of the upper ring portion of the lower shell (1B) corresponds to the outer edge shape of the open top cover (1A), and the inner edge diameter of the ring portion is greater than or equal to the outer edge diameter of the open top cover (1A). The upper ring portion of the lower shell (1B) and the lower accommodating cavity shell are connected by a stepped inner ring (1T). The side perimeter of the lower shell (1B) is provided with a connection to the open top cover. (1A) The fixing hole (1k) corresponds to the fixing hole post (1B-z). The inner shell (2) is at least transparent at the top. The central part of its top protrudes to form an upper protrusion. The edge of the inner shell (2) adjacent to the bottom of the upper protrusion has a pressing part (2t) that is relatively lower than its top surface, thus forming an inner shell with a stepped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. A downward-opening accommodating cavity (2q) is provided below its transparent top. A light-emitting device (4) and a photovoltaic device (5) are provided below the top of the inner shell (2). Electronic circuit components (6) are provided in the accommodating cavity (2q) of the inner shell (2). The waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is embedded from top to bottom into the accommodating cavity (1q) of the lower shell (1B) through tolerance fit. The open top cover (1A) is aligned and embedded into the upward opening of the lower shell (1B) and fixed to the stepped inner ring (1T) of the lower shell (1B) by fasteners (8) to form a relatively strong assembled protective shell (1). The waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure is locked inside the protective shell (1) to form an integral reinforced structure. The bottom surface or bottom of the opening top cover (1A) is pressed onto the stepped inner ring (1T) of the lower shell (1B) and the pressing part (2t) of the inner shell (2), respectively. The upper edge of the lower shell (1B) surrounds the outer edge of the opening top cover (1A), and the whole has a light emission channel in which at least one or at least one set of light-emitting devices (4) emit light from the inside to the outside through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the space above the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), and forms a lateral light emission structure in which the main direction of light emission through the light emission channel is less than 30° from the buried reference surface.

21. A buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 17, characterized in that: The opening top cover (1A) is a ring-shaped top cover with an upper opening (1r) in its middle. The opening top cover (1A) has an upper protrusion (1t) that rises from its outer edge inward. Correspondingly, other parts without the upper protrusion (1t) form a low area (1a) that is relatively low but not lower than the buried reference surface. The upper protrusion (1t) has a receiving groove (3d) with the opening facing outward or upward. The receiving groove (3d) is fixed with a retroreflector (3) by a fitting structure and / or an adhesive layer (9), forming a retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 30°. The lower shell (1B) is a protective bottom shell composed of a bottom and its side enclosure, with a receiving cavity (1q) opening upward, and the outer edge diameter at the upper edge of the receiving cavity (1q) is less than or equal to the outer edge diameter of the opening top cover (1A). On the side enclosure of the lower shell (1B), there are fixing hole piles (1B-z) corresponding to the fixing holes (1k) of the opening top cover (1A). The inner shell (2) is at least made of a transparent material structure at the top. The central part of its top protrudes upward to form a protruding part. The edge part of the inner shell (2) adjacent to the bottom of the protruding part has a pressing part (2t) relatively lower than its top surface, thus forming an inner shell with a structure of gradually decreasing from top to bottom and a stepped structure. Below its transparent top, there is a receiving cavity (2q) opening downward. Below the top of the inner shell (2), there are light-emitting devices (4) and photovoltaic devices (5). Inside the receiving cavity (2q) of the inner shell (2), there are electronic circuit components (6). The waterproof encapsulated inner shell structure is embedded in the bottom surface of the receiving cavity (1q) of the lower shell (1B) from top to bottom through tolerance fit. The opening top cover (1A) presses on the upper edge of the lower shell (1B) and is fixed by a fastener (8) structure to form a protective shell (1) with relatively high structural strength in an assembled structure. The waterproof encapsulated inner shell structure is locked inside the protective shell (1) to form an overall strengthened structure. Among them, the bottom surface or bottom of the opening top cover (1A) presses on the upper edge of the lower shell (1B) and the pressing part (2t) of the inner shell (2) respectively. And overall, there is at least one or at least one group of light-emitting devices (4) that have a light-emitting channel that emits light from the inside to the outside laterally through the optical structure on the transparent part of the inner shell (2) and the upper space of the low position (1a) of the protective shell (1), and form a lateral light-emitting structure in which the included angle between the main light-emitting direction of at least one beam of emitted light passing through the above light-emitting channel and the buried reference plane is less than 30°.

22. The buried solar-powered reflective road stud according to claim 17, characterized in that: The overall shape of the outer edge of the opening top cover (1A) is circular or a circular shape after being cut by lines or a symmetric polygon or a symmetric polygon with rounded corners when viewed from above. Or the opening top cover (1A) is a ring-edge structure, and pry-up structures (1A-q) are provided at intervals on the edge part of the ring-edge, or the opening top cover (1A) is an opening top cover composed of 2 arc segments or multiple arc segments, or the opening top cover (1A) is a polygon-edge structure, and pry-up structures (1A-q) are provided at intervals on the edge part of the polygon-edge. Or there are convex bodies (1t) on the opening top cover (1A) that protrude upward from its outer edge inward with a buffer surface (1h) from low to high. The buffer surface (1h) of the convex body (1t) is an inclined surface or a folded surface or an arc surface. Or there are 2 or more convex bodies provided at intervals on the opening top cover (1A), or the shape of the upper opening (1r) is similar to a quadrilateral with a concave inner part with a screw hole, or similar to a hexagon with a concave inner part with a screw hole, or similar to an octagon with a concave inner part with a screw hole, or similar to a cross shape with a concave inner part with a screw hole, or similar to a convex shape with a concave inner part with a screw hole, or similar to a middle shape with a concave inner part with a screw hole when viewed from above. Alternatively, the upper part or upper edge of the lower shell (1B) may appear circular when viewed from above. Alternatively, the outer periphery of the lower shell (1B) may have a concave-convex structure (1j).

23. The buried solar-powered reflective road stud according to claim 17, characterized in that: Below the fixing hole (1k) of the open top cover (1A), there is a downwardly protruding fixing hole pile head (1A-z). On the side of the lower shell (1B), there is a fixing hole pile position (1B-w) corresponding to the fixing hole pile head (1A-z) of the open top cover (1A). Below the fixing hole pile position (1B-w), there is a fixing hole pile column (1B-z) that supports the fixing hole pile head (1A-z). The open top cover (1A) and the lower shell (1B) are combined by fasteners (8) to form a relatively strong assembled protective shell (1), and the waterproof encapsulated inner shell structure is locked inside the protective shell (1). The fixing hole pile head (1A-z) of the open top cover (1A) is pressed into the fixing hole pile position (1B-w) above the fixing hole pile column (1B-z) of the lower shell (1B). Alternatively, the opening top cover (1A) may have a downwardly convex thickened section (1A-s) below it, and the inner shell (2) may have a recessed section (2a) on the pressing part (2t) opposite to the downwardly convex thickened section (1A-s) of the opening top cover (1A), and the lower shell (1B) may have a recessed section (1B-a) on the stepped inner ring (1T) opposite to the downwardly convex thickened section (1A-s) of the opening top cover (1A). The opening top cover (1A) is aligned and embedded in the upward opening of the lower shell (1B) and fixed to the stepped inner ring (1T) of the lower shell (1B) by a fastener (8) structure to form a protective shell (1) with a relatively high structural strength. The waterproof encapsulated inner shell structure is locked inside the protective shell (1). The downward convex thickened section (1A-s) of the opening top cover (1A) is pressed into the recess (2a) of the inner shell (2) and the recess (1B-a) of the lower shell (1B).

24. The buried solar-powered reflective road stud according to claim 17, characterized in that: The opening top cover (1A) has a long-afterglow luminescent coating, or the opening top cover (1A) is a mixture of long-afterglow luminescent material and liquid or molten transparent medium injection molded body. Alternatively, the opening top cover (1A) may have a fluorescent coating, or the opening top cover (1A) may be a mixture of fluorescent material and liquid or molten transparent medium injection molded body.

25. A buried solar-powered reflective road stud according to claim 17, characterized in that: A curable encapsulating material (7) is provided between the open top cover (1A) and the inner shell (2), or between the open top cover (1A) and the lower shell (1B), or between the lower shell (1B) and the inner shell (2), or between the open top cover (1A) and the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure, or between the lower shell (1B) and the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure, or between the lower shell (1B) and the waterproof encapsulation inner shell structure, or between the gaps in the tolerance fit parts; forming a further waterproof encapsulation structure and / or a reinforcing structure.

26. The buried solar-powered luminous reflective road stud according to claim 17, characterized in that: The opening top cover (1A) is an annular edge structure. Symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the annular edge are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inwards. Symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the annular edge are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inwards. Four low zones (1a) are formed between the adjacent upper protrusions (1t) on the front, rear, left, and right sides. Light emission channels for the light-emitting device (4) to emit light bidirectionally are formed in the space above the low zones (1a) on the exposed side of the inner shell (2) and on the left and right sides of the upper protrusions (1t) on the front and rear sides of the opening top cover (1A). The light-emitting device (4) is provided inside the inner shell (2) and emits light along the light emission channels. The front and rear upper convex bodies (1t) are respectively provided with receiving slots (3d) on their buffer surfaces (1h). The receiving slots (3d) on the front and rear sides are respectively provided with adhesive layers (9). The receiving slots (3d) are bonded to retroreflectors (3) through adhesive layers (9) to form a lateral retroreflective structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 30°. This forms an overall structure with bidirectional light emission, including front and rear bidirectional reflection and LEDs in at least the front and rear sides. Among them, a fixing hole (1k) is provided on the low position (1a) between the adjacent upper protrusions (1t), or / and, a fixing hole (1k) is provided on the left and right upper protrusions (1t); or The opening top cover (1A) is an annular edge structure. Symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the annular edge are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inwards. Symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the annular edge are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inwards. Four low zones (1a) are formed between the adjacent front, rear, left and right upper protrusions (1t). Light emission channels for bidirectional emission of light-emitting devices (4) are formed in the space above the low zones (1a) on the exposed side of the inner shell (2) and on the left and right sides of the front and rear upper protrusions (1t) of the opening top cover (1A). The inner shell (2) is equipped with light-emitting devices (4) that emit light along the light emission channels. The buffer surfaces (1h) of the upper protrusions (1t) on the front, rear, left, and right sides are respectively provided with receiving slots (3d). The receiving slots (3d) on the front, rear, left, and right sides are respectively provided with adhesive layers (9). The receiving slots (3d) are bonded to retroreflectors (3) through adhesive layers (9) to form a lateral retroreflective structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 30°. This forms an overall structure that reflects light from four sides and has LEDs installed in at least two directions on the front and rear sides. A fixing hole (1k) is provided on the lower region (1a) between the adjacent upper protrusions (1t); or The opening top cover (1A) is an annular edge structure. Symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the annular edge are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inwards. Symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the annular edge are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inwards. Four low zones (1a) are formed between the adjacent upper protrusions (1t). Light emission channels for bidirectional emission of light-emitting devices (4) are formed in the space above the low zones (1a) on the exposed side of the inner shell (2) and on the left and right sides of the upper protrusions (1t) of the opening top cover (1A). The inner shell (2) is equipped with light-emitting devices (4) that emit light along the light emission channels. The buffer surfaces (1h) of the upper protrusions (1t) on the front, rear, left, and right sides are respectively provided with receiving slots (3d). The receiving slots (3d) on the front and rear sides are respectively provided with adhesive layers (9). The receiving slots (3d) are bonded to retroreflectors (3) through adhesive layers (9), forming a lateral retroreflection structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference plane is less than 30°. The receiving slots (3d) on the left and right sides are respectively provided with long afterglow light emitters (10), thereby forming an overall structure with bidirectional reflection at the front and rear, bidirectional light emission with LEDs at least in the front and rear, and long afterglow light emission on both sides. Among them, a fixing hole (1k) is provided on the low position (1a) between the adjacent upper protrusions (1t), or The opening top cover (1A) is an annular edge ring structure. Symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the annular edge ring are upper protrusions (1t) that rise from low to high along the buffer surface (1h) from their outer edge inward, thus forming two low zones (1a) on the front and rear sides of the annular edge ring structure. Light emission channels for bidirectional emission of light-emitting devices (4) are formed in the space above the exposed part of the inner shell (2) and the low zones (1a) on the front and rear sides of the opening top cover (1A). The inner shell (2) is equipped with light-emitting devices (4) that emit light along the above-mentioned light emission channels. The left and right upper convex bodies (1t) are provided with receiving slots (3d) on their buffer surfaces (1h). Each receiving slot (3d) is provided with an adhesive layer (9). The receiving slots (3d) are bonded to retroreflectors (3) through the adhesive layer (9), forming a lateral retroreflective structure in which the angle between the main direction of the retroreflected light and the buried reference surface is less than 30°. This forms an overall structure with bidirectional light emission, including left and right bidirectional reflection and LEDs at least in the front and rear directions. The opening top cover (1A) has fixing holes (1k) on the low areas (1a) on the front and rear sides, and / or the upper protrusions (1t) on the left and right sides.

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