Novel device for collecting offshore leaked crude oil
By designing a novel device that includes a hull, propulsion, guidance, filtration, and separation collection mechanism, the automatic separation of crude oil and seawater is achieved by utilizing density differences. This solves the problems of high cost and low efficiency in handling marine oil spills and provides a low-cost, high-efficiency automated collection solution.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies for handling floating crude oil at sea suffer from high costs, low efficiency, and environmental pollution, especially in the handling of crude oil spills in small marine areas, where there is a lack of low-cost, efficient, and automated collection methods.
A novel device comprising a hull, a propulsion mechanism, a guiding mechanism, a filtration mechanism, and a separation and collection mechanism has been designed. It utilizes density differences to achieve automatic separation of crude oil and seawater. The propulsion mechanism moves on the sea surface, the guiding mechanism guides the seawater mixture to the filtration mechanism for solid separation, and the separation and collection mechanism achieves automatic separation and storage of crude oil and seawater.
It achieves low-carbon and environmentally friendly crude oil collection, with a simple structure, low cost, and is suitable for small sea areas. It also eliminates the need for manual crude oil separation, thus improving collection efficiency and automation.
Smart Images
Figure CN121875240A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore crude oil collection technology, and in particular to a novel device for collecting offshore spilled crude oil. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, methods for dealing with crude oil floating on the sea surface mainly include incineration, spraying surfactants, adsorption and purification using highly absorbent substances, manual oil retrieval, and the use of large oil booms combined with vessels. Incineration causes widespread air pollution and is extremely damaging to marine life; adsorption methods require subsequent manual separation, resulting in low efficiency; using large vessels for crude oil recovery is more efficient, but requires real-time on-site human and machine control, and the high cost of these vessels makes them unsuitable for small-scale oil spills. In summary, there are still areas for improvement in handling marine crude oil spills, such as: addressing small-scale oil spills, especially those near the coast, with lower economic costs; and improving collection efficiency without requiring manual separation of the collected crude oil. Summary of the Invention
[0003] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea, which has the advantages of being low-carbon and environmentally friendly, requiring no manual separation of crude oil, having a simple structure and low cost, and being adaptable to small-scale marine crude oil spills.
[0004] A novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea includes a hull, a propulsion mechanism, a guiding mechanism, a filtration mechanism, and a separation and collection mechanism. The hull floats on the sea surface. The propulsion mechanism is fixed to the hull and used to propel the hull on the sea surface. The guiding mechanism is fixed to the hull and used to guide the seawater mixture containing crude oil around the hull into the hull. The filtration mechanism is fixed to the hull and used to separate the solids and the remaining oil-water mixture. The separation and collection mechanism is fixed to the hull and used to separate the remaining oil-water mixture into crude oil and seawater, and discharge the seawater.
[0005] The separation and collection mechanism includes an oil storage tank, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. One end of the inlet pipe is equipped with a pump and connected to the filtration mechanism, while the other end is connected to the oil storage tank. This pump draws the oil-water mixture from the filtration mechanism into the oil storage tank. One end of the outlet pipe is connected to the lowest point of the oil storage tank, while the other end protrudes outside the tank. The highest point of the outlet pipe is the same as the highest point inside the oil storage tank. As the inlet pipe continuously delivers the oil-water mixture into the oil storage tank, the oil and seawater separate into layers within the tank. When the tank is full, the seawater is discharged through the outlet pipe.
[0006] The novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea, as described in this invention, utilizes the density difference between crude oil and seawater to separate oil storage tanks. Based on the distance between the connecting pipes, inlet and outlet water pipes are positioned. An oil-water mixture is continuously pumped to discharge seawater from the oil pipeline, thus collecting the crude oil. This method ensures the storage capacity of the device while being low-carbon and environmentally friendly, requiring minimal energy consumption.
[0007] Furthermore, the guiding mechanism includes two water intake sections and a transport section. The transport section is fixed to the hull, and the two water intake sections are crank-rocker mechanisms, which are fixed to the front end of the hull and located on both sides of the transport section. During operation, the two water intake sections reciprocate inwards towards each other through the crank-rocker mechanisms to draw the seawater mixture from the front end of the hull to the input end of the transport section. The transport section is used to transport the seawater mixture into the hull.
[0008] Furthermore, the water intake section includes a fixed arm, a first motor, a rotating base, a rotating rod, a water intake plate, and a swing rod; two fixed arms are symmetrically arranged at the front travel end of the hull and extend beyond the hull; the first motor is fixed to the end of the fixed arm away from the hull, with its output shaft pointing vertically downwards; a fixed locking position is provided at the end of the fixed arm away from the hull, and one axial end of the rotating base is locked in the fixed locking position, supported by the fixed arm, and rotatably connected to the fixed arm via a bearing; the other axial end of the rotating base is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor; one end of the rotating rod is radially fixed to the rotating base; the water intake plate is vertically arranged, with one end of its upper surface rotatably connected to the end of the rotating rod away from the first motor, and the other end of its upper surface rotatably connected to one end of the swing rod; the end of the swing rod away from the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the front end of one side of the hull.
[0009] Furthermore, the transport unit includes a conveyor belt, several axles and a second motor; the conveyor belt is fixed to the front end of the hull, its input end is located between the two water intake sections, and its output end is located above the filtration mechanism; the output end is higher than the input end; the conveyor belt is provided with several barbs; several axles are driven inside the conveyor belt; the second motor is driven by the axles.
[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a floating mechanism, which is fixed to the hull and is used to provide buoyancy to the hull; the lower end of the hull is provided with a water flow channel, which is in the same direction as the hull's movement and is used to allow water flow through, thereby reducing the resistance of the water flow to the hull.
[0011] Furthermore, a one-way valve is provided at the end of the water outlet pipe that protrudes from the oil storage tank to prevent seawater backflow and affect the efficiency of crude oil separation and collection.
[0012] Furthermore, the interior of the oil storage tank is divided into two layers from the inside out. The inner layer is used to contain the oil-water mixture and connects the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe; the outer layer is used to assemble flow meters and sensors for real-time monitoring of the crude oil collection status in the inner layer.
[0013] Furthermore, the filtration device includes a filter basket and a water storage tank; the water storage tank is fixedly installed in the hull of the ship, the filter basket is fixedly installed on the water storage tank, its filter screen is aligned with the inside of the water storage tank, its basket opening faces upward, and is connected to the output end of the transmission belt; the end of the water inlet pipe equipped with a pump is connected to the water storage tank.
[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a control mechanism, which comprises a processor and a gyroscope; the processor is signal-connected or electrically connected to the propulsion mechanism, the guidance mechanism, and the separation and collection mechanism for controlling their operation; the gyroscope is fixed to the hull, and the controller is also electrically connected to the gyroscope for continuously detecting the hull's pitching and controlling the rudder to ensure stable propulsion; the controller is also signal-connected to a remote signaler for human-machine information interaction and control.
[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a camera, which is fixed to the hull and electrically connected to the controller, for real-time capture of sea area images, facilitating remote operator observation and control of the device.
[0016] To better understand and implement this invention, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea according to this application;
[0018] Figure 2 A side view of the novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea, as described in this application;
[0019] Figure 3 A top view of the novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea, as described in this application;
[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view along the middle AA section;
[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the middle BB.
[0022] In the picture:
[0023] 1-Hull; 11-Water flow channel; 12-Moving bay;
[0024] 2-Floating mechanism;
[0025] 3-Propulsion mechanism; 31-Propeller; 32-Servo motor;
[0026] 4-Guiding mechanism; 41-Water intake section; 411-Fixed arm; 4111-Upper and lower fixed locking positions; 412-First motor; 4121-Shaft sleeve; 413-Rotating seat; 4131-Thrust ball bearing; 414-Rotating rod; 415-Water intake plate; 4151-Connecting shaft; 4152-Horizontal plate; 416-Swing rod; 42-Transportation section; 421-Conveyor belt; 422-Shaft wheel; 423-Second motor; 43-First pump;
[0027] 5-Filtration mechanism; 51-Filter basket; 52-Water storage tank;
[0028] 6-Separation and collection mechanism; 61-Oil storage tank; 611-Inner layer; 612-Outer layer; 662-Second pump; 63-Inlet pipe; 64-Outlet pipe;
[0029] 7-Control mechanism. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical direction," "up," "down," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0032] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0033] Please see Figure 1-2This application provides a novel device for handling marine crude oil spills, comprising a hull 1, a floating mechanism 2, a propulsion mechanism 3, a guiding mechanism 4, a filtering mechanism 5, a separation and collection mechanism 6, and a control mechanism 7. The floating mechanism 2 is mounted on the hull 1 and provides buoyancy to the hull 1 when it travels on the sea surface, allowing it to float. The propulsion mechanism 3 is located on both sides of the hull 1 and drives the hull 1 to travel on the sea surface. The guiding mechanism 4 is located around the hull 1 and guides the seawater mixture containing crude oil around the hull 1 to the filtering mechanism 5. The filtering mechanism 5 separates solids such as garbage and dead fish and shrimp from the seawater mixture. The separation and collection mechanism 6 separates the seawater from the crude oil and discharges the seawater outside the hull 1. The control mechanism 7 is used for remote signal transmission and control of the hull 1's movement and collection of the crude oil-containing seawater mixture.
[0034] In this embodiment, the filter mechanism 5 is disposed inside the hull 1, and the guide mechanism 4 is disposed on both sides of the hull 1.
[0035] In this embodiment, the floating mechanism 2 is fixed to the lower end face of the hull 1, and the floating mechanism 2 is a buoyancy plate made of foam. In other embodiments, the floating mechanism 2 may be made of other materials with a density less than seawater or other hollow carriers with a higher density. In other embodiments, the hull 1 may be directly made of a material with a density less than seawater, replacing the floating mechanism 2.
[0036] Furthermore, a water flow channel 11 is provided at the lower end of the hull 1. The water flow channel 11 is in the same direction as the hull 1. When the hull 1 floats on the sea surface, the water flows through the water flow channel 11, which can reduce the resistance of the water flow to the hull 1, making the propulsion of the hull 1 more effortless.
[0037] The propulsion mechanism 3 includes an engine, a propeller 31, and a rudder 32, which are respectively located on both sides of the hull 1. The engine is fixed inside the hull 1 and is connected to the propeller 31 through a drive shaft to propel the hull 1 to move on the sea surface. Adjusting the rudder 32 can change the direction of travel.
[0038] The guiding mechanism 4 includes two water intake sections 41 and a transport section 42. The two water intake sections 41 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the forward end of the hull 1. During operation, the two water intake sections 41 move inward towards each other, drawing the seawater mixture containing crude oil from the forward end of the hull 1 to the input end of the transport section 42. The seawater mixture is then transported by the transport section 42 to the filtration mechanism 5 for filtration.
[0039] Please see Figure 2-4The water intake section 41 includes a fixed arm 411, a first motor 412, a rotating base 413, a rotating rod 414, a water intake plate 415, and a swing rod 416. Two fixed arms 411 are symmetrically positioned on either side of the front end of the hull 1 and extend beyond the hull. The first motor 412 is fixed to the end of the fixed arm 411 furthest from the hull 1, with its output shaft pointing vertically downwards. One axial end of the rotating base 413 is rotatably connected to the fixed arm 411 via a bearing, and the other axial end of the rotating base 413 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 412. One end of the rotating rod 414 is radially fixed to the lower end face of the rotating base 413. When the first motor 412 is started, the rotating base 413 and the rotating rod 414 rotate horizontally around the fixed arm 411. The water-guiding plate 415 is a vertically arranged long plate. One end of its upper surface is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating rod 414 away from the rotating base 413, and the other end of its upper surface is rotatably connected to one end of the swing rod 416. The end of the swing rod 416 away from the rotating rod 414 is rotatably connected to the front end of one side of the hull 1, assisting the water-guiding plate 415 in achieving a specific motion trajectory. In this application, the water-guiding part 41 is a crank-rocker mechanism. The first motor 412 drives the two rotating rods 414 to move inward in a circular motion towards each other. The water-guiding plate 415 achieves a large area of water scooping during the inward return stroke and a small area of contact with seawater during the outward push stroke. Moreover, the water-guiding plate 415 moves with the water flow during both the inward return stroke and the outward push stroke, which can reduce the resistance from the seawater and effectively improve the efficiency of collecting seawater mixture. In this embodiment, the two swing rods 416 are symmetrically fixed at the front ends of both sides of the hull 1, so that the water-guiding amplitude of the two water-guiding plates 415 is consistent, resulting in a better water-guiding effect.
[0040] Furthermore, the fixed arm 411, the first motor 412, and the rotating base 413 are a load-bearing type fixing structure. Specifically, the fixed arm 411 has upper and lower fixing slots 4111 in the height direction of the end away from the hull 1, and the first motor 412 is vertically fixed inside the fixed arm 411. One axial end of the rotating base 413 is locked between the upper and lower fixing slots 4111, and thrust ball bearings 4131 are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of this axial end of the rotating base 413 and between the upper and lower fixing slots 4111 to rotatably connect with the fixed arm 411. The other axial end of the rotating base 413 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 412 through a bushing 4121. This configuration allows the rotating base 413 to bear the entire weight and external axial force of the lower rotating rod 414 and water inlet plate 415 due to the axial fixation of the thrust ball bearings 4131 on both sides and the fixed arm 411. It also avoids the output shaft of the first motor 412 being subjected to too much axial force, thus achieving the purpose of unloading. This makes the water inlet part 41 more stable and has a longer service life.
[0041] Furthermore, the two ends of the upper surface of the water-guiding plate 415 are rotatably connected to the rotating rod 414 and the swing rod 416 respectively through vertically arranged connecting shafts 4151. The connecting shafts 4151 can move up and down to adjust the height of the water-guiding plate 415, thereby adjusting the height of the water-guiding plate 415 in contact with the sea surface.
[0042] Furthermore, a horizontal plate 4152 is fixedly provided on the lower end face of the water guide plate 415 along the length of the water guide plate 415. The horizontal plate 4152 is elongated and protrudes from the circumference of the water guide plate 415. When the hull 1 floats on the sea surface, the horizontal plate 4152 contacts the sea surface, which is conducive to floating and better water scooping.
[0043] The transport section 42 is fixed to the forward travel end of the hull 1 and located between the two pilot sections 41. It includes a conveyor belt 421, several pulleys 422, and a second motor 423. The conveyor belt 421 is fixed between the two arms of the U-shaped cross-section of the hull 1. Its input end is located at the two pilot sections 41, and its output end is located at the bottom of the U-shaped cross-section of the hull 1, with the output end higher than the input end. Several barbs are evenly arranged on the conveyor belt 421 for adhering crude oil or other solids. Several pulleys 422 are driven and installed inside the conveyor belt 421. The second motor 423 is fixed to one side of the hull 1, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to and drives the pulleys 422 located at the output end of the conveyor belt 421.
[0044] Furthermore, a movable locking position 12 is provided on one side of the hull 1, and the second motor 423 is locked in the movable locking position 12 and can move along the output shaft direction of the second motor 423, which facilitates the installation of the second motor 423 and the replacement of the conveyor belt 421.
[0045] In use, the two water intakes 41 move inwards towards each other, bringing the mixture of seawater and crude oil at the front of the hull 1 to the input end of the conveyor belt 421. Since crude oil has a certain viscosity, the barbs on the conveyor belt 421 will lift the crude oil and other solids and transport them to the output end. Due to inertia and centrifugal force, the crude oil is thrown into the filtration mechanism 5 for filtration.
[0046] Furthermore, the transport section 42 also includes several first pumps 43, which are distributed on both sides of the input end of the conveyor belt 421 and located between the two water intake sections 41. They are used to draw up part of the seawater mixture on the front end of the ship hull 1 and transport it to the filtration mechanism 5, thereby assisting in crude oil collection.
[0047] Please see Figure 3-5The filtration mechanism 5 includes a filter basket 51 and a water storage tank 52. The water storage tank 52 is fixed inside the U-shaped bottom of the hull 1. The filter basket 51 is fixed on the water storage tank 52, with its filter screen facing inwards and one side of the basket opening tilted outwards. It is connected to the output end of the conveyor belt 421, so that crude oil and solids transported on the conveyor belt 421 fall into the filter basket 51 for filtration. Solids such as garbage and fish and shrimp carcasses are separated by the filter basket 51 and remain in the filter basket 51. The oil-water mixture is filtered into the water storage tank 52.
[0048] The separation and collection mechanism 6 includes an oil storage tank 61, a second pump 62, a water inlet pipe 63, and a water outlet pipe 64. The oil storage tank 61 is fixed to the rear of the hull 1 and has two layers inside from the inside to the outside. The inner layer 611 is used to contain the oil-water mixture and separate seawater, while the outer layer 612 is used to assemble flow meters and sensors to monitor the crude oil collection in the inner layer 611 in real time.
[0049] The second pump 62 is fixed inside the water storage tank 52, and its output end is connected to one end of the water inlet pipe. The other end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the inner layer 611 of the oil storage tank 61, preferably to the highest point inside the inner layer 611. The oil-water mixture in the water storage tank 52 enters the inner layer 611 of the oil storage tank 61 through the second pump 62 and the water inlet pipe for separation and collection. One end of the water outlet pipe 64 is connected to the lowest point inside the inner layer 611 of the oil storage tank 61, and the other end protrudes outside the oil storage tank 61. The highest point of the water outlet pipe 64 is the same as the highest point inside the oil storage tank 61, and it is used to discharge seawater. During use, the oil-water mixture enters the oil storage tank 61 through the water inlet pipe. Due to the different densities of seawater and crude oil, the seawater and crude oil will separate into layers. The density of crude oil is less than that of seawater, so the crude oil will float on the upper layer of the water. The second pump 62 continuously delivers the oil-water mixture into the oil storage tank 61. Based on the principle of connecting pipes, when the oil storage tank 61 is full of the crude oil and seawater mixture, the seawater at the bottom will be forced out of the oil storage tank 61 through the lowest point where the water outlet pipe 64 connects to the oil storage tank 61.
[0050] Furthermore, a vision module is also installed on the oil storage tank 61. When the oil in the oil storage tank 61 is continuously collected and fills the oil storage tank 61, the flow meter and sensor installed in the outer layer 612 of the oil storage tank 61 monitor in real time and provide feedback to the vision module to indicate that it is full and that the crude oil can be recovered manually.
[0051] Furthermore, a one-way valve is installed at the end of the water outlet pipe 64 that protrudes outside the oil storage tank 61 to prevent seawater from flowing back into the oil storage tank 61 and affecting the crude oil separation and collection efficiency inside the oil storage tank 61.
[0052] The control mechanism 7 includes a controller, a gyroscope, and a camera, all fixed to the hull 1. Furthermore, a sealed, waterproof control box is mounted on the top of the U-shaped bottom of the hull 1, housing the controller and gyroscope. The controller is also connected or electrically connected to the flow meter and sensors of the engine, first motor 412, second motor 423, first pump 43, second pump 62, and the outer layer 612 of the oil storage tank 61, thereby controlling the movement of the hull 1 on the sea surface, the movement of the guiding mechanism 4, and the operation of the separation and collection mechanism 6. The controller can also be connected to a remote signaler for human-machine interaction and control; specifically, it can achieve 4G remote communication. When the device is powered on, it first initializes the peripherals of the chip within the controller, then performs an ESC unlock. After initialization, it begins processing information from the 4G receive buffer and controls the device's operation based on different information, feeding real-time information back to the 4G cloud platform to achieve remote, targeted salvage operations. The controller is electrically connected to the gyroscope. When the controller receives a remote motion command, it activates the propulsion mechanism 3, causing the hull 1 to proceed to a designated location for crude oil collection. Simultaneously, the gyroscope activates its dynamic adjustment function. The controller periodically reads gyroscope information and calculates the Euler angles of the hull 1 at this moment using attitude calculation. After processing with a simple filtering algorithm, the controller determines and outputs a signal to control the rotation of the servo motors 32 connected to the propellers 31 on both sides of the hull 1, achieving force balance on the sea surface and ensuring stable operation. A camera is fixed to the upper part of the hull 1 and is connected to the controller via signal or electrical connection. It is used to capture real-time sea area images. Through 4G remote communication, the remote operator can observe the image through the camera and send corresponding commands to direct the hull 1 to proceed to the designated location using the power provided by the propellers 31. Once the hull 1 reaches the designated location, the controller controls the guiding mechanism 4 and the separation and collection mechanism 6 to perform water diversion and separation collection operations.
[0053] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea, characterized in that: The system includes a hull, a propulsion mechanism, a guiding mechanism, a filtration mechanism, and a separation and collection mechanism. The propulsion mechanism is fixed to the hull and used to drive the hull to move on the sea surface. The guiding mechanism is fixed to the hull and used to guide the seawater mixture containing crude oil around the hull into the hull. The filtration mechanism is fixed to the hull and used to separate the solids from the oil-water mixture. The separation and collection mechanism is fixed to the hull and used to separate the remaining oil-water mixture into crude oil and seawater, and discharge the seawater. The separation and collection mechanism includes an oil storage tank, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. One end of the inlet pipe is equipped with a pump and connected to the filtration mechanism, while the other end is connected to the oil storage tank. This pump draws the oil-water mixture from the filtration mechanism into the oil storage tank. One end of the outlet pipe is connected to the lowest point of the oil storage tank, while the other end protrudes outside the tank. The highest point of the outlet pipe is the same as the highest point inside the oil storage tank. As the inlet pipe continuously delivers the oil-water mixture into the oil storage tank, the oil and seawater separate into layers within the tank. When the tank is full, the seawater is discharged through the outlet pipe.
2. The novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding mechanism includes two water intake sections and a transport section. The transport section is fixed to the hull. The two water intake sections are crank-rocker mechanisms, which are fixed to the front end of the hull and located on both sides of the transport section. During operation, the two water intake sections reciprocate inwards towards each other through the crank-rocker mechanisms to draw the seawater mixture from the front end of the hull to the input end of the transport section. The transport section is used to transport the seawater mixture into the hull.
3. The novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water intake section includes a fixed arm, a first motor, a rotating base, a rotating rod, a water intake plate, and a swing rod. Two fixed arms are symmetrically positioned at the front traveling end of the hull and extend beyond the hull. The first motor is fixed to the end of the fixed arm away from the hull, with its output shaft pointing vertically downwards. A fixed locking position is provided at the end of the fixed arm away from the hull, and one axial end of the rotating base is locked in this fixed locking position, supported by the fixed arm and rotatably connected to it via a bearing. The other axial end of the rotating base is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor. One end of the rotating rod is radially fixed to the rotating base. The water intake plate is vertically positioned, with one end of its upper surface rotatably connected to the end of the rotating rod away from the first motor, and the other end of its upper surface rotatably connected to one end of the swing rod. The end of the swing rod away from the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the front end of one side of the hull.
4. The novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea according to any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that: The transport unit includes a conveyor belt, several axles and a second motor; the conveyor belt is fixed to the front end of the hull, with its input end located between the two water intake sections and its output end located above the filtration mechanism; the output end is higher than the input end; the conveyor belt is provided with several barbs; several axles are driven inside the conveyor belt; the second motor is driven by the axles.
5. The novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a floating mechanism, which is fixed to the hull and is used to provide buoyancy to the hull; the lower end of the hull is provided with a water flow channel, which is in the same direction as the hull's movement and is used to allow water to flow through, thereby reducing the resistance of the water flow to the hull.
6. The novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the water outlet pipe that protrudes from the oil storage tank is equipped with a one-way valve to prevent seawater backflow, which would affect the efficiency of crude oil separation and collection.
7. The novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil storage tank is divided into two layers from the inside out. The inner layer is used to contain the oil-water mixture and connects the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe. The outer layer is used to assemble flow meters and sensors to monitor the crude oil collection status of the inner layer in real time.
8. The novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtration device includes a filter basket and a water storage tank; the water storage tank is fixedly installed in the hull of the ship, the filter basket is fixedly installed on the water storage tank, its filter screen is aligned with the inside of the water storage tank, its basket opening faces upward, and is connected to the output end of the transmission belt; the water inlet pipe has a pump at one end connected to the water storage tank.
9. The novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control mechanism, which comprises a processor and a gyroscope; the processor is signal-connected or electrically connected to the propulsion mechanism, the guidance mechanism, and the separation and collection mechanism for controlling their operation; the gyroscope is fixed to the hull, and the controller is also electrically connected to the gyroscope for continuously detecting the hull's pitching and controlling the rudder to ensure stable propulsion; the controller is also signal-connected to a remote signaler for human-machine information interaction and control.
10. The novel device for collecting spilled crude oil at sea according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a camera, which is fixed to the hull and electrically connected to the controller, for real-time capture of sea area images, so that remote operators can observe and control the device.