Liquid injection seepage monitoring method and system for rare earth mine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological seepage monitoring, in particular to a liquid injection seepage monitoring method and system for a rare earth mine. The method comprises the following steps that a double-ring liquid injection assembly is arranged at the to-be-detected position of an ore body, test liquid containing a water head marking agent is injected into an inner ring, the lateral hydraulic condition of an outer ring is stabilized, a multi-point micro detection device is arranged in the circumferential direction of the periphery, and the arrival time, concentration and conductive perturbation of the marking agent are monitored in real time; the main seepage direction is judged based on the first response time of each detection point, seepage path distribution is constructed through the response time difference, finally, the concentration of the marking agent, the conductivity response characteristics and seepage path information are synthesized, ore body seepage parameters are obtained through calculation, and quantitative monitoring and analysis of liquid injection seepage are achieved. According to the invention, through the combination of double-ring liquid injection and circumferential multi-point time sequence monitoring, the high-precision and stable dynamic monitoring of the seepage direction, path connectivity and seepage parameters of the rare earth mine is realized by utilizing the collaborative analysis of the concentration of the marking agent and the conductivity perturbation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological seepage monitoring technology, and in particular to a method and system for monitoring injection seepage in rare earth mines. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of rare earth mine fluid injection seepage monitoring, existing technologies typically employ single-hole or a small number of monitoring holes for fluid injection tests. By observing changes in water level, fluid injection pressure response, or the appearance time of tracers at downstream monitoring points, the permeability parameters of the ore body are inverted. Some methods combine resistivity or conductivity tests to assist in judging the fluid diffusion situation.

[0003] However, these technologies often rely on the overall or local response of limited monitoring points, making it difficult to reflect the differences in seepage characteristics in different directions. In cases of strong ore body heterogeneity and complex fracture development, they are easily affected by local abnormal channels or random disturbances, leading to unstable seepage direction determination, ambiguous seepage path identification, and poor accuracy and repeatability of monitoring results. Furthermore, existing technologies mostly utilize tracers or electrical parameters for single-parameter analysis, lacking systematic modeling of the temporal relationships and spatial distribution characteristics of multi-point responses. This makes it difficult to characterize seepage connectivity and the features of the main control channels, and thus fails to meet the needs of refined injection control and safety assessment in rare earth mines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method and system for monitoring the seepage of liquid injection in rare earth mines to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a method for monitoring seepage in injection at rare earth mines is provided, the method comprising the following steps: Step S1: Arrange a double-ring injection assembly at the location to be tested in the ore body. The inner ring of the double-ring injection assembly is used to inject the test liquid, and the outer ring is used to stabilize the lateral hydraulic conditions. A head marker that can be identified by an external micro probe is added to the test liquid. Step S2: Several micro-detection points are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer ring. Each micro-detection point is connected to an independent signal recording unit. The micro-detection points are used to detect the arrival time of the water head marker in the test liquid. Step S3: Continuously inject the test liquid containing the labeling agent into the inner ring, and monitor the labeling agent concentration and conductivity perturbation parameters in real time through each micro-probe point and record its first response time; Step S4: Determine the main seepage direction based on the first response time of each micro-detection point, and construct the seepage path distribution through the response time difference; Step S5: Calculate the permeability parameters at the location to be tested in the ore body using the marker concentration, electrical conductivity perturbation parameters, and seepage path distribution, and generate the injection seepage monitoring results.

[0006] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: I. This invention constructs a stable lateral hydraulic boundary through a double-ring injection assembly and combines it with a test liquid containing a water head marker to give the seepage response during the injection process clear temporal characteristics. Furthermore, by using circumferentially arranged micro-detection points to sort, differ, and proportionally analyze the first response time, it can not only quickly and objectively confirm the main seepage direction, but also construct the seepage path distribution by combining the directional bias trend with the main extension direction segment, thereby avoiding the problems of easy local heterogeneity interference and unstable seepage direction determination in traditional single-point or few-point monitoring.

[0007] Second, this invention quantifies the first response time difference, azimuth difference, and response intensity difference, and introduces clear criteria for determining seepage continuity, making the determination of seepage path connection a quantifiable and reproducible technical standard. At the same time, by removing the baseline of conductivity perturbation parameters, identifying the inflection point of the rate of change, and correlating the temporal amplitude of pore response, equivalent pore response data is constructed, which can reflect the pore connectivity state of the ore body from the dynamic conductivity characteristics, effectively improving the ability to identify hidden seepage channels and microscale pore structures.

[0008] Third, this invention uses path weighting of the permeation rate, electrical conductivity and porosity indication data formed by the concentration of the marker agent and the permeation path distribution, and compares and analyzes them with the actual injection volume changes. This method can obtain permeation parameter results that highly match the actual injection behavior. In addition, a controllable local hydraulic head disturbance is introduced before the formal injection to calibrate the effective discrimination interval of the first response time, further reducing the impact of noise and occasional disturbances on the monitoring results. This makes the method more reliable, repeatable and valuable for engineering promotion under the complex geological conditions of rare earth mines. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps in a method for monitoring seepage during liquid injection in a rare earth mine; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A detailed flowchart illustrating the implementation steps of step S4. Figure 3 for Figure 1 A detailed flowchart illustrating the implementation steps of step S5. The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The technical method of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0011] Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. Some block diagrams shown in the drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor methods and / or microcontroller methods.

[0012] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," etc., may be used herein to describe various units, these units should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one unit from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments, a first unit may be referred to as a second unit, and similarly, a second unit may be referred to as a first unit. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 A method for monitoring seepage during injection in rare earth mines, the method comprising the following steps: Step S1: Arrange a double-ring injection assembly at the location to be tested in the ore body. The inner ring of the double-ring injection assembly is used to inject the test liquid, and the outer ring is used to stabilize the lateral hydraulic conditions. A head marker that can be identified by an external micro probe is added to the test liquid. In one embodiment, within the ore body area where seepage monitoring is to be carried out, several test locations are selected as injection test points based on the ore body structure distribution, lithological characteristics, and expected seepage channel direction. At each test location, an injection installation hole is formed by drilling or in-situ trenching to ensure that the injection components can fully contact the ore body medium and maintain stable deployment.

[0014] A double-ring injection assembly is arranged in the injection mounting hole. The double-ring injection assembly consists of an inner ring injection unit and an outer ring pressure stabilizing unit arranged coaxially. The inner ring injection unit is located at the center of the assembly, and the outer ring pressure stabilizing unit is arranged around the outer periphery of the inner ring injection unit. The two are isolated by a sealing structure to prevent the injected liquid from flowing directly between the rings.

[0015] The inner ring injection unit is connected to the test liquid supply device and is used to inject a predetermined ratio of test liquid into the ore body. The test liquid contains a head marker that can be identified by an external micro probe. The head marker is preferably a tracer medium that has little impact on the chemical properties of the ore body medium and has stable diffusion characteristics. It is used to characterize the seepage path and head changes during subsequent monitoring.

[0016] The outer ring pressure stabilizing unit is used to inject a stabilizing medium into the ore body or maintain constant hydraulic boundary conditions to constrain the lateral hydraulic disturbances generated during the inner ring injection process, thereby forming a relatively stable lateral hydraulic environment around the injection area and reducing the interference of non-target direction seepage on the test results.

[0017] After the installation is completed, the sealing and stability of the double-ring injection assembly are checked to ensure that the injection channels of the inner and outer rings are independent and unobstructed, and that no abnormal leakage or pressure fluctuation occurs during the injection process, thus providing a reliable physical basis for subsequent injection seepage monitoring.

[0018] It should be noted that, under different ore body structural conditions, the ring diameter and injection depth of the double-ring injection component can be adaptively adjusted according to the degree of ore body porosity development or fracture orientation, so as to improve the identifiability and monitoring accuracy of the head marker in the target seepage channel.

[0019] Step S2: Several micro-detection points are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer ring. Each micro-detection point is connected to an independent signal recording unit. The micro-detection points are used to detect the arrival time of the water head marker in the test liquid. In one embodiment, after the double-ring injection assembly is deployed and its stable operation is confirmed, monitoring points are planned along the circumferential direction around the outer ring injection assembly, using its outer edge as a reference. Based on the seepage scale of the ore body, the injection radius, and the required monitoring accuracy, the outer ring is divided into several equal-angle sections, and micro-detection points are evenly placed at corresponding positions in each section to ensure comprehensive coverage of the seepage diffusion direction.

[0020] Each micro-detection point adopts a miniaturized, corrosion-resistant structure and is preferably embedded in the ore body medium to maintain good contact with the surrounding medium. This allows for timely response to changes in the test liquid carrying the head marker during seepage. The deployment depth of the micro-detection points roughly corresponds to the injection depth of the inner ring injection unit to reduce the impact of longitudinal seepage differences on the detection results.

[0021] In this embodiment, each miniature detection point is connected to a corresponding signal recording unit via an independent signal connection channel. Each signal recording unit is used to receive, store, and mark the detection signal output by the corresponding miniature detection point. By using independent connections, signal overlap between multiple detection points is avoided, improving the accuracy and traceability of arrival time identification.

[0022] The micro-detection point is configured to selectively respond to the head marker in the test liquid. When the test liquid carrying the head marker seeps to the vicinity of the corresponding detection point, the micro-detection point outputs a significantly changed detection signal. After receiving the changed signal, the signal recording unit automatically records the corresponding time information and uses the time information as the arrival time of the head marker at that spatial location.

[0023] After all the micro-detection points were deployed, the time reference of each signal recording unit was calibrated to ensure that the arrival times recorded by different detection points were comparable, thereby providing a reliable data basis for subsequent seepage path analysis and seepage velocity calculation.

[0024] It should be noted that when the ore body has a high degree of fracture development or the seepage direction has obvious anisotropy, the number of micro-detection points can be appropriately increased or the circumferential spacing can be reduced to improve the ability to capture non-uniform seepage characteristics.

[0025] Step S3: Continuously inject the test liquid containing the labeling agent into the inner ring, and monitor the labeling agent concentration and conductivity perturbation parameters in real time through each micro-probe point and record its first response time; In one embodiment, after the deployment of the dual-ring injection assembly and micro-detection points is completed, and the time synchronization and operational status verification of each signal recording unit are performed, a test liquid containing a water head marker is continuously injected into the location to be tested in the ore body through the inner ring injection assembly. The injection process of the test liquid adopts a constant flow rate or a graded incremental flow rate method to ensure that the seepage process of the test liquid in the ore body medium is stable and controllable, and to avoid interference with the monitoring results due to instantaneous flow rate fluctuations.

[0026] During the injection of the test liquid, each micro-detection point remained operational in real time, synchronously monitoring changes in the concentration of the marker in the surrounding medium and the resulting conductivity perturbation parameters. These conductivity perturbation parameters reflected subtle changes in the electrical conductivity of the ore body medium. As the marker-containing test liquid gradually seeped into the vicinity of the micro-detection point, the increase in marker concentration and the change in the medium's conductivity caused a significant shift in the output signal of the detection point.

[0027] In this embodiment, the signal recording unit corresponding to each micro-detection point is configured to continuously sample the monitoring signal and identify valid response events based on preset response judgment conditions. When the detection signal first meets the response judgment conditions, the signal recording unit immediately records that moment as the first response time of the micro-detection point. By recording only the first response time, the influence of subsequent concentration fluctuations or background noise on the arrival time determination can be effectively avoided.

[0028] Simultaneously, the signal recording unit synchronously stores the trend of marker concentration changes and the amplitude of changes in conductivity perturbation parameters to form time-series monitoring data for the corresponding detection points, providing auxiliary reference information for subsequent seepage path analysis and parameter inversion. The difference in the first response time between each micro-detection point can intuitively reflect the seepage sequence and spatial distribution characteristics of the test fluid in the ore body.

[0029] It should be noted that when the ore body has low permeability or the seepage process is significantly delayed, the monitoring time can be appropriately extended or the initial concentration of the marker in the test liquid can be adjusted to ensure that each micro-detection point can generate a recognizable first response signal.

[0030] Step S4: Determine the main seepage direction based on the first response time of each micro-detection point, and construct the seepage path distribution through the response time difference; In one embodiment, after collecting and recording the first response times of each micro-detection point in step three, the first response times of all micro-detection points are first uniformly organized and sorted according to their chronological order. By comparing the first response times of different micro-detection points, the direction in which the water head marker in the test liquid first arrives in the ore body can be determined, thereby confirming the main seepage direction inside the ore body. Typically, the location of the detection point with the earlier first response time is determined to be the preferred propagation direction of the seepage.

[0031] After confirming the main seepage direction, the response time difference between adjacent probes was analyzed by further considering the spatial distribution of each micro-probe point. By comparing the magnitude and trend of the response time difference, the differences in the seepage rate of the test fluid in different areas within the ore body can be determined. When the response time difference between adjacent probes is small and shows continuous variation, it indicates that the seepage channel in that area is relatively unobstructed; when the response time difference increases significantly or shows abrupt changes, it indicates that there may be seepage stagnation, structural changes, or media inhomogeneity in that area.

[0032] In this embodiment, based on the spatial coordinates of each micro-detection point, the first response time is used as the correlation attribute, and the positions of the corresponding detection points are connected sequentially according to time to form the propagation trajectory of the test fluid in the ore body. By superimposing and analyzing multiple propagation trajectories, a seepage path distribution map reflecting the seepage characteristics inside the ore body is constructed. This seepage path distribution can intuitively show the overall direction of the test fluid's outward diffusion from the injection point in the ore body and the distribution of the main channels.

[0033] Furthermore, abnormal response points can be screened during the seepage path construction process. When the initial response time of a micro-detection point differs significantly from that of its surrounding detection points and does not conform to the overall propagation trend, the detection point can be marked as an anomaly, and its weight can be reduced or it can be temporarily excluded from the main seepage path analysis during path construction to avoid the impact of local noise or occasional interference on the results.

[0034] It should be noted that in cases of complex ore body structures or the presence of multiple seepage channels, multiple local seepage paths may form simultaneously. In this embodiment, by comprehensively analyzing the response time series of detection points in different directions, the primary seepage path and secondary seepage paths can be distinguished, thus more accurately reflecting the true seepage distribution characteristics within the ore body.

[0035] Step S5: Calculate the permeability parameters at the location to be tested in the ore body using the marker concentration, electrical conductivity perturbation parameters, and seepage path distribution, and generate the injection seepage monitoring results.

[0036] In one embodiment, after the injection process is completed and the system has been running stably for a preset time, monitoring data collected by multiple micro-probes deployed inside and around the ore body are acquired. The monitoring data includes real-time concentration changes of the water head marker in the test liquid at different monitoring locations, micro-perturbation response information caused by changes in conductivity, and seepage path distribution information formed by the combined multi-point time-series responses.

[0037] First, based on the trend of water head marker concentration at each monitoring point over time, the migration rate and diffusion range of the marker in the ore body medium were analyzed. By comparing the sequential response relationship of marker concentration at different spatial locations, the main seepage direction and seepage influence range of the test liquid inside the ore body were confirmed.

[0038] Secondly, the porosity of the ore body medium during the injection process is characterized by the variation of electrical conductivity perturbation parameters. Specifically, by analyzing the degree of difference in the amplitude of electrical conductivity changes between different monitoring points, the degree of obstruction of fluid passage by the internal medium of the ore body is determined, thereby reflecting the response characteristics of the ore body structure to seepage behavior.

[0039] Furthermore, a comprehensive correlation analysis was conducted between the marker concentration distribution results and the conductivity perturbation parameter variation results to construct descriptive data of the seepage response characteristics at the test locations of the ore body. Based on this, combined with the confirmed seepage path distribution, the fluid throughput capacity at the test locations of the ore body was comprehensively evaluated to obtain permeability parameters reflecting the seepage performance of the ore body medium.

[0040] After calculating the permeability parameters, these parameters are correlated and integrated with the corresponding monitoring time, injection conditions, and spatial location to generate injection seepage monitoring results. These results characterize the seepage characteristics of the tested location within the ore body under current structural conditions and can serve as foundational data for subsequent ore body stability analysis, resource extraction scheme optimization, or safety assessment.

[0041] It is important to note that when abnormal changes in the concentration of the marker or excessive fluctuations in the conductivity perturbation parameter are detected during monitoring, the abnormal areas can be marked in conjunction with the seepage path distribution information to avoid interference from local cracks or sudden seepage channels on the overall permeability parameter calculation results, thereby improving the reliability and consistency of the monitoring results.

[0042] As an example of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 2 As shown, step S4 in this example includes: Step S41: Sort the micro-detectors according to their azimuth angles based on their initial response times to obtain the circumferential response time sequence; Step S42: Based on the azimuth information of the micro-detection point with the shortest first response time in the circumferential response time series, confirm that the azimuth direction is the main seepage direction; Step S43: Using the first response time of the micro-detection point corresponding to the main seepage direction as the reference time, calculate the difference between the first response times of other micro-detection points to obtain the circumferential response time difference; Step S44: Analyze the directional distribution of the seepage path using the circumferential response time difference to obtain the seepage path distribution.

[0043] In one embodiment, after the double-ring injection assembly is installed and injection begins, multiple micro-detection points uniformly arranged along the outer ring circumference simultaneously enter the monitoring state. Each micro-detection point continuously collects the changes in the water head marker or related response signals in the test liquid and records the time information of the first effective response.

[0044] First, a time comparison analysis was performed on all micro-detection points based on the first occurrence time of the marker or seepage response signal detected at each micro-detection point. Following the actual spatial distribution order of the micro-detection points along the circumference of the ore body, the first response times of each detection point were arranged sequentially, forming a circumferential response time sequence reflecting the sequential relationship of seepage propagation along the circumference. This sequence can visually demonstrate the temporal differences in seepage propagation along different directions within the ore body.

[0045] Subsequently, in the circumferential response time series, the micro-probe point with the shortest initial response time was selected as the priority response point. Combined with the installation orientation of this micro-probe point in the dual-ring injection assembly, its corresponding azimuth direction was confirmed as the main seepage direction of the test fluid within the ore body. This main seepage direction reflects the direction of least fluid resistance or the most unobstructed flow path in the ore body medium.

[0046] After confirming the main seepage direction, the initial response time of the corresponding micro-detection point is used as a reference benchmark, and the initial response times of the remaining micro-detection points are compared. By calculating the time difference between the initial response time of each other detection point and the reference time, circumferential response time difference data reflecting the degree of seepage lag in different directions is obtained. The circumferential response time difference can reflect the non-uniformity of seepage propagation velocity in different directions.

[0047] Furthermore, the directional distribution of seepage paths within the ore body is comprehensively analyzed using the aforementioned circumferential response time difference. Specifically, a smaller time difference in a certain direction indicates relatively unobstructed seepage channels in that direction; a larger time difference indicates strong obstruction or a more tortuous seepage path in that direction. By analyzing the overall distribution characteristics of time differences in each direction, the directional distribution of seepage paths at the locations to be measured in the ore body is constructed, thereby obtaining a seepage path distribution that reflects the seepage direction and spatial distribution characteristics within the ore body.

[0048] It should be noted that in practical applications, if the initial response time of some micro-detection points deviates significantly due to local structural anomalies or short-term disturbances, consistency verification can be performed by combining the response of adjacent detection points to avoid individual abnormal data from adversely affecting the seepage path distribution analysis results, thereby improving the stability and reliability of seepage path determination.

[0049] Preferably, step S44 includes the following steps: Step S441: Based on the circumferential response time difference of each micro-detection point, a relative sequence structure is formed according to the azimuth order to obtain a time difference sequence pattern that reflects the directional characteristics of seepage diffusion; Step S442: Calculate the proportional relationship between adjacent circumferential response time differences, and identify azimuth segments where the ratio continuously decreases or increases through the proportional relationship to confirm the bias trend of the injection seepage path. Step S443: Based on the time difference sequence pattern and the continuous azimuth segments of its proportional change, extract the stable seepage direction zone to obtain the main extension direction segment of the seepage path; Step S444: Construct the coherence of the seepage path by utilizing the combination relationship between the bias trend of the seepage direction and the main extension direction segment, and obtain the seepage path distribution.

[0050] In one embodiment, after obtaining the circumferential response time difference of each micro-detection point relative to the main seepage direction, the time difference data is further subjected to directional structure analysis to achieve a refined construction of the seepage path distribution.

[0051] First, based on the actual azimuth sequence of each micro-detection point on the outer ring of the dual-ring injection assembly, the corresponding circumferential response time differences are sequentially arranged to form a relative order structure of time differences with spatial order constraints. This relative order structure, indexed by the circumferential sequence, reflects the time delay variation characteristics of the experimental fluid diffusing along different azimuths within the ore body, thus obtaining a time difference sequence pattern that characterizes the directional characteristics of seepage diffusion. Through this time difference sequence pattern, the non-uniform diffusion trend of seepage in the circumferential direction can be visually observed.

[0052] Subsequently, a segment-by-segment comparative analysis was performed on the circumferential response time differences corresponding to adjacent micro-detection points in the time difference sequence pattern to identify the changing relationships between adjacent time differences. By judging the continuity of the changing relationships, when the time differences of multiple adjacent azimuths show a continuously decreasing trend, it indicates that the seepage is gradually accelerating and spreading within that azimuth segment; when the time differences of multiple adjacent azimuths show a continuously increasing trend, it indicates that the seepage is subject to a gradually increasing resistance within that azimuth segment. This allows for the identification of the directional trend segment of the injection seepage path in the circumferential direction, indicating the spatial direction in which seepage is more likely to deviate.

[0053] Based on this, and considering the overall distribution characteristics of the time difference sequence pattern, circumferential segments with stable change trends are further screened. When the time difference variation amplitude within a continuous azimuth segment is small and the change trend is consistent, the segment is determined to be a stable seepage direction zone. The stable seepage direction zone reflects the spatial range where the seepage channels within the ore body are relatively fixed and the seepage direction is not prone to abrupt changes, thereby extracting the main extension direction segment of the seepage path.

[0054] Furthermore, by integrating the directional trend segments of the seepage path with the main extension direction segments, a coherent seepage path is constructed within the ore body. Specifically, the direction indicated by the directional trend is used as the guiding direction of the seepage path, and the main extension direction segments are used as the backbone segments of the seepage path. Through the principles of spatial continuity and directional consistency, seepage information from different directions is integrated to form a complete seepage path distribution result. This seepage path distribution can reflect the actual flow direction and spatial expansion characteristics of the test fluid within the ore body.

[0055] It should be noted that in ore bodies with local structural inhomogeneities or complex fracture development, if short-distance abnormal fluctuations occur in the time difference sequence, the judgment can be corrected by combining the overall trend of the stable zone of seepage direction, so as to avoid local anomalies interfering with the overall coherence analysis of seepage path, thereby further improving the reliability and engineering applicability of seepage path distribution results.

[0056] Preferably, step S444 includes: The seepage direction deviation trend at each micro-detection point is segmented to generate direction deviation segment data; Overlapping and matching the directional bias segment data with the main extension direction segment to identify potential connecting segments that can seep continuously. Identify the directional consistency of potential connection segments and filter continuous potential connection segments to obtain candidate data for seepage segment connection; The path coherence of candidate data for seepage segment connection is constructed to generate seepage path distribution.

[0057] In one embodiment, multiple micro-detection points uniformly arranged around the outer ring form a complete circumferential monitoring structure at fixed angular intervals. First, based on the seepage direction deviation trends corresponding to each micro-detection point obtained in steps S442 and S443, adjacent azimuth angle detection points with the same or similar deviation characteristics are merged, thereby dividing the circumferential range into segments and generating several directional deviation segment data. Each directional deviation segment represents the overall propagation tendency of the injection seepage within that azimuth range.

[0058] Subsequently, the directional deviation segment data is compared with the previously extracted main extension direction segments using an overlap matching analysis. When a directional deviation segment continuously overlaps with the main extension direction segment in the azimuth range, the overlapping area is identified as a potential connecting segment for continuous seepage. This potential connecting segment reflects the possibility that seepage can stably extend from one azimuth to an adjacent azimuth in space.

[0059] Furthermore, directional consistency is identified for each potential connecting segment. By comparing whether their corresponding seepage bias trends remain in the same or approximately the same direction, multiple potential connecting segments that meet the directional continuity condition are selected and used as candidate data for seepage segment connections. Finally, the path coherence of the candidate data for seepage segment connections is constructed according to the azimuth angle. Connecting segments with consistent direction and spatial continuity are sequentially spliced ​​together to form a complete injection seepage propagation trajectory, thereby generating a seepage path distribution result that reflects the actual spatial distribution of injection seepage.

[0060] Preferably, overlapping and matching the directional bias segment data with the main extending directional segment includes: Extraction direction biased towards the segment boundaries of segment data; Extract the directional features of the main extension direction segments to generate extension direction feature data; Identify overlapping segments between directional bias boundary data and extension direction feature data to generate candidate data for overlapping segments; The candidate data for overlapping sections are processed for seepage continuity determination to obtain potential connecting sections with continuous seepage. The specific conditions for seepage continuity determination are as follows: First response time difference for candidate data in overlapping sections Azimuth difference and response strength difference Perform joint quantification, where when It is considered to meet the conditions for seepage continuity.

[0061] In one embodiment, for the generated directional bias segment data, the starting azimuth and ending azimuth of each directional bias segment in the circumferential structure are first extracted as the segment boundary information of the segment, thereby forming directional bias boundary data to characterize the coverage range of seepage bias in spatial orientation.

[0062] Subsequently, directional feature extraction processing is performed on the main extension direction segment. By statistically analyzing the average azimuth angle, azimuth angle change amplitude, and corresponding circumferential response time difference change trend of each micro-detection point in the direction segment, extension direction feature data is generated to describe the overall extension orientation and stability characteristics of the seepage path in the direction segment.

[0063] Based on this, the directional deviation boundary data and the extension direction feature data are subjected to overlapping segment identification processing. When the azimuth range of a certain directional deviation segment has a continuous intersection with the azimuth range corresponding to the directional features of the main extension direction segment, corresponding overlapping segment candidate data is generated. This overlapping segment candidate data reflects the consistent area between the seepage deviation segment and the main extension direction segment in spatial orientation.

[0064] Furthermore, seepage continuity discrimination processing is performed on the candidate data of the overlapping section, and the first response time difference between adjacent micro-detection points within the overlapping section is calculated. Azimuth difference and response intensity difference And perform a joint quantitative judgment on the three. When the conditions are met... If the seepage propagation within the overlapping section is deemed to maintain continuity in terms of time response, spatial direction, and signal strength, then the candidate data of the overlapping section is confirmed as a potential connecting segment capable of continuous seepage. If the above conditions are not met, then the overlapping section is determined to lack stable and continuous seepage characteristics and is not included in the subsequent seepage path construction process.

[0065] As an example of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, step S5 in this example includes: Step S51: Calculate the local permeation attenuation difference at each detection point using the labeling agent concentration to obtain the concentration permeation rate; Step S52: Analyze the temporal variation of the conductivity perturbation parameters, calculate the equivalent porosity response through the temporal variation, and generate conductivity porosity indication data; Step S53: Based on the seepage path distribution, perform path weighting on the concentration permeability data and electrical conductivity porosity indication data to generate path-weighted permeability parameter data; Step S54: Compare and analyze the path-weighted permeability parameter data and the actual experimental liquid injection volume changes to generate injection seepage monitoring results.

[0066] In one embodiment, after determining the seepage path distribution, the process proceeds to the comprehensive calculation stage of seepage parameters. Each micro-detection point continuously collects information on the concentration changes of the marker in the test liquid during the injection process, and records and stores the concentration change data in chronological order.

[0067] First, for each micro-detector point, the decay characteristics under the same injection conditions were analyzed based on the change in marker concentration over time. By comparing the rate of decrease in marker concentration among different detector points, the differences in permeability at each detector point's location were identified. Areas with a faster concentration decay rate indicate stronger liquid permeability, while areas with a slower concentration decay indicate impeded permeability. Based on the above analysis results, concentration permeability rate data reflecting the differences in local permeability at each detector point were obtained.

[0068] Subsequently, time-series analysis was performed on the conductivity-related signals collected from each micro-detection point. Specifically, the changing trend of conductivity perturbation parameters during the fluid injection process was continuously monitored, and the response characteristics after the fluid entered the pore structure were determined by combining the magnitude and duration of the changes. When the conductivity perturbation parameters showed stable and continuous changes over time, it indicated the existence of an effective connected pore structure at the corresponding location; when the changes were weak or discontinuous, it indicated poor pore connectivity. Based on the above time-series change characteristics, conductivity porosity indicator data reflecting the pore connectivity state inside the ore body was generated.

[0069] Based on this, and combining the previously obtained seepage path distribution results, path-weighted processing is applied to the concentration permeability rate data and conductivity porosity indicator data. Specifically, higher weights are assigned to detection point data along the main seepage path, while relatively lower weights are assigned to detection point data deviating from the main seepage path. This ensures that the final calculation results more accurately reflect the permeability characteristics of the main seepage channels. This weighting process generates path-weighted permeability parameter data.

[0070] Furthermore, the path-weighted permeability parameter data is compared and analyzed with the changes in the injection volume of the test liquid during the actual injection process. By analyzing the correlation between the changing trends of permeability parameters and the changes in injection volume at different injection stages, the stability and consistency of the seepage response characteristics at the test location of the ore body are determined. When the changes in permeability parameters and the changes in injection volume show good consistency, it indicates that the seepage model has high reliability; when there is a significant deviation between the two, it suggests that there may be heterogeneous structures or local abnormal channels within the ore body. Finally, based on the above comprehensive analysis results, injection seepage monitoring results reflecting the true permeability characteristics of the test location of the ore body are generated.

[0071] It should be noted that during actual monitoring, if the injection volume fluctuates in a short period of time or external disturbances affect the sensor signal, the permeation parameters can be smoothly corrected by extending the data statistics time window or introducing a multi-detection point consistency verification method, so as to improve the stability and reliability of the injection seepage monitoring results.

[0072] Preferably, step S52 includes: Baseline removal was performed on the conductance perturbation parameters to obtain the net change sequence of conductance perturbation. The conductivity rate of change is extracted from the net conductivity perturbation sequence, and the characteristic inflection point of the conductivity rate of change is identified to obtain pore response characteristic point data; Time-series amplitude correlation is performed on pore response feature point data to generate equivalent pore response data; The equivalent porosity response data is normalized in amplitude and correlated in direction to generate conductivity porosity indicator data.

[0073] In one embodiment, firstly, during the liquid injection seepage monitoring process, each micro-probe point continuously collects conductivity perturbation parameters reflecting changes in the electrical properties of the medium. Since different probe points exhibit sensor zero-point offsets and environmental background differences in their initial states, baseline removal processing is performed on the collected conductivity perturbation parameters before the data enters the analysis stage. Specifically, the stable conductivity state before the start of liquid injection is used as a reference baseline, and background subtraction is performed on subsequent time-series data to obtain a net conductivity perturbation sequence that only reflects changes caused by liquid injection disturbances, thus avoiding interference from environmental noise and initial deviations in pore response judgment.

[0074] Secondly, after obtaining the net change sequence of conductivity perturbation, a time-dimensional trend analysis is performed on this sequence to extract the characteristics of the rate of change of conductivity over time. By comparing the degree of change between consecutive sampling points, temporal characteristics reflecting the rate of change of conductivity are obtained, and the locations where the change trend shows a significant turning point are identified during this process. These turning points usually correspond to key moments such as the arrival of the seepage front, abrupt changes in pore connectivity, or changes in the local medium state, and are thus marked as pore response feature points, forming a pore response feature point dataset.

[0075] Subsequently, time-series amplitude correlation processing is performed on the pore response feature point data. Specifically, according to the chronological order of the feature points on the time axis, a comprehensive correlation analysis is conducted on their variation amplitude and persistence characteristics, thereby integrating the discrete feature points into a continuous response description that can reflect the overall pore response process. Through this processing method, equivalent pore response data is obtained, which can more realistically characterize the comprehensive response characteristics of the pore structure to electrical conductivity disturbances during seepage, rather than a single instantaneous change.

[0076] Finally, the equivalent pore response data is normalized to eliminate amplitude inconsistencies caused by differences in probe sensitivity between different detection points, ensuring comparability of response results for each detection point. Simultaneously, considering the spatial distribution of each micro-detector point, the equivalent pore response data is directionally correlated to reflect the differences in pore response across different seepage directions. After these processes, electrical conductivity pore indication data is generated. This data can be used to characterize the degree of pore connectivity and active seepage areas within the seepage path, providing a reliable basis for subsequent path-weighted analysis and seepage monitoring result determination.

[0077] Preferably, temporal amplitude correlation of pore response feature point data includes: The directional consistency discrimination processing is performed on the amplitude variation trend of conductivity perturbation of each feature point in the pore response feature point data to generate pore response trend consistency data. The stable response segment data is obtained by filtering the duration based on the consistency data of the pore response trend; Constraint mapping is performed on the amplitude change ratio of each feature point in the stable response section data to generate pore response ratio constraint data, wherein the constraint mapping is used to limit the connectivity response relationship of pores within the same seepage path; The proportional constraint data of the pore response is converted to obtain the equivalent pore response data.

[0078] In one embodiment, the directional consistency of the amplitude variation trend of the electrical conductivity perturbation corresponding to each feature point in the pore response feature point data is determined. Specifically, the amplitude variation directions of adjacent feature points are compared in chronological order to determine whether their variation trends remain in the same direction or exhibit continuous enhancement or continuous weakening response characteristics. When the variation directions of adjacent feature points are consistent, the feature point group is marked as a consistent trend segment; when the variation direction frequently reverses or has no obvious continuity, it is determined to be a non-consistent response. Through the above processing, pore response trend consistency data is generated to reflect the continuous response capability of pores to seepage disturbances.

[0079] Secondly, based on the consistency data of the pore response trend, the duration of the feature points is filtered. Specifically, the duration of the consistent trend segment on the time axis is analyzed, and only segments whose duration reaches the preset stability judgment condition are retained, while transient response segments with too short a duration are removed. This obtains stable response segment data, allowing subsequent analysis to focus on the effective response process that can truly reflect the pore seepage behavior, reducing the impact of random noise or occasional disturbances.

[0080] Subsequently, a constraint mapping process is applied to the amplitude variation ratio of each feature point in the stable response segment data. Specifically, within the same stable response segment, the amplitude variation ranges of each feature point are compared relatively, and the amplitude variation ratio is restricted and mapped according to a preset connectivity response rule to ensure it conforms to physically reasonable pore connectivity characteristics. This constraint mapping is used to limit the response relationship between pores within the same seepage path, avoiding distortion of the overall pore response due to abnormal amplification or attenuation at a single point, thereby generating pore response ratio constraint data.

[0081] Finally, the pore response ratio constraint data is converted and processed, and the constraint response results of multiple feature points and multiple time periods are integrated to obtain equivalent pore response data that can represent the overall pore behavior of the area where the detection point is located. This equivalent pore response data is constrained in terms of time continuity and amplitude rationality, and can be used as the basis for subsequent generation of electrical conductivity porosity indication data and for carrying out seepage path weighted analysis.

[0082] Preferably, step S3, prior to the continuous injection of the test liquid containing the labeling agent into the inner ring, further includes: The dual-ring injection assembly is controlled to maintain a constant water head in the outer ring and inject a short-range fluid of a preset volume into the inner ring and then stop immediately, so as to form a controllable local water head disturbance at the location to be measured in the ore body, and record the corresponding electrical conductivity micro-disturbance occurrence sequence at each micro-detection point to generate a one-time disturbance response sequence data. The effective discrimination interval of the first response time was confirmed by using one-time perturbation response sequence data.

[0083] In one embodiment, to improve the accuracy of the first response time determination and to avoid interference caused by the unstable seepage in the early stage of continuous injection, the following pretreatment process is also included before continuously injecting the test liquid containing the marker into the inner ring.

[0084] First, the dual-ring injection assembly is controlled to enter a pre-stabilized working state, ensuring the outer ring maintains a constant head. Specifically, by synchronously controlling the flow rate and level of the outer ring injection channel, the outer ring maintains a stable head height within a predetermined time period, thereby creating uniform and stable lateral hydraulic boundary conditions around the ore body's test location and reducing the impact of external seepage disturbances on the inner ring injection response.

[0085] After the water head in the outer ring stabilizes, a short-range injection operation with a preset volume is performed in the inner ring. This short-range injection is an instantaneous injection, with a controlled injection volume and a short duration, stopping immediately after the preset volume is reached. In this way, a controllable water head disturbance is created within a local area of ​​the ore body to be measured, without triggering large-scale or continuous seepage diffusion, ensuring that the disturbance is mainly used for calibrating the system response characteristics.

[0086] During short-range injection and in the initial stage after injection stops, the conductivity changes of each micro-detection point deployed around the outer ring are monitored in real time. When local hydraulic disturbance propagates outward along the pore structure of the ore body, each micro-detection point will sequentially exhibit conductivity perturbation responses. The time of the first occurrence of conductivity perturbation at each micro-detection point is recorded in chronological order, and this sequence of occurrence is organized to generate a one-time perturbation response sequence data.

[0087] Subsequently, based on the one-time disturbance response sequence data, the effectiveness of the first response time is analyzed. Specifically, by analyzing the sequential relationship of responses at different micro-detection points and the overall response distribution characteristics, time segments that can truly reflect the seepage propagation characteristics are identified, and abnormal response moments caused by background noise, instantaneous conductivity fluctuations, or non-seepage factors are eliminated, thereby confirming the effective discrimination interval of the first response time.

[0088] Through the above processing, the determination of the first response time collected in the subsequent continuous injection phase is based on a verified effective time interval, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the identification of the main seepage direction and the analysis of the seepage path.

[0089] Therefore, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the application be incorporated into the invention.

[0090] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the invention herein.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring seepage during injection in rare earth mines, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Arrange a double-ring injection assembly at the location to be tested in the ore body. The inner ring of the double-ring injection assembly is used to inject the test liquid, and the outer ring is used to stabilize the lateral hydraulic conditions. A head marker that can be identified by an external micro probe is added to the test liquid. Step S2: Several micro-detection points are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer ring. Each micro-detection point is connected to an independent signal recording unit. The micro-detection points are used to detect the arrival time of the water head marker in the test liquid. Step S3: Continuously inject the test liquid containing the labeling agent into the inner ring, and monitor the labeling agent concentration and conductivity perturbation parameters in real time through each micro-probe point and record its first response time; Step S4: Determine the main seepage direction based on the first response time of each micro-detection point, and construct the seepage path distribution through the response time difference; Step S5: Calculate the permeability parameters at the location to be tested in the ore body using the marker concentration, electrical conductivity perturbation parameters, and seepage path distribution, and generate the injection seepage monitoring results.

2. The method for monitoring seepage in rare earth mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 includes the following steps: Step S41: Sort the micro-detectors according to their azimuth angles based on their initial response times to obtain the circumferential response time sequence; Step S42: Based on the azimuth information of the micro-detection point with the shortest first response time in the circumferential response time series, confirm that the azimuth direction is the main seepage direction; Step S43: Using the first response time of the micro-detection point corresponding to the main seepage direction as the reference time, calculate the difference between the first response times of other micro-detection points to obtain the circumferential response time difference; Step S44: Analyze the directional distribution of the seepage path using the circumferential response time difference to obtain the seepage path distribution.

3. The method for monitoring seepage in rare earth mines according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S44 includes the following steps: Step S441: Based on the circumferential response time difference of each micro-detection point, a relative sequence structure is formed according to the azimuth order to obtain a time difference sequence pattern that reflects the directional characteristics of seepage diffusion; Step S442: Calculate the proportional relationship between adjacent circumferential response time differences, and identify azimuth segments where the ratio continuously decreases or increases through the proportional relationship to confirm the bias trend of the injection seepage path. Step S443: Based on the time difference sequence pattern and the continuous azimuth segments of its proportional change, extract the stable seepage direction zone to obtain the main extension direction segment of the seepage path; Step S444: Construct the coherence of the seepage path by utilizing the combination relationship between the bias trend of the seepage direction and the main extension direction segment, and obtain the seepage path distribution.

4. The method for monitoring seepage in rare earth mines according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S444 includes: The seepage direction deviation trend at each micro-detection point is segmented to generate direction deviation segment data; Overlapping and matching the directional bias segment data with the main extension direction segment to identify potential connecting segments that can seep continuously. Identify the directional consistency of potential connection segments and filter continuous potential connection segments to obtain candidate data for seepage segment connection; The path coherence of candidate data for seepage segment connection is constructed to generate seepage path distribution.

5. The method for monitoring seepage in rare earth mines according to claim 4, characterized in that, Overlap matching of directional bias segment data with main extending directional segments includes: Extraction direction biased towards the segment boundaries of segment data; Extract the directional features of the main extension direction segments to generate extension direction feature data; Identify overlapping segments between directional bias boundary data and extension direction feature data to generate candidate data for overlapping segments; The candidate data for overlapping sections are processed for seepage continuity determination to obtain potential connecting sections with continuous seepage. The specific conditions for seepage continuity determination are as follows: First response time difference for candidate data in overlapping sections Azimuth difference and response strength difference Perform joint quantification, where when It is considered to meet the conditions for seepage continuity.

6. The method for monitoring seepage in rare earth mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 includes the following steps: Step S51: Calculate the local permeation attenuation difference at each detection point using the labeling agent concentration to obtain the concentration permeation rate; Step S52: Analyze the temporal variation of the conductivity perturbation parameters, calculate the equivalent porosity response through the temporal variation, and generate conductivity porosity indication data; Step S53: Based on the seepage path distribution, perform path weighting on the concentration permeability data and electrical conductivity porosity indication data to generate path-weighted permeability parameter data; Step S54: Compare and analyze the path-weighted permeability parameter data and the actual experimental liquid injection volume changes to generate injection seepage monitoring results.

7. The method for monitoring seepage in rare earth mines according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S52 includes: Baseline removal was performed on the conductance perturbation parameters to obtain the net change sequence of conductance perturbation. The conductivity rate of change is extracted from the net conductivity perturbation sequence, and the characteristic inflection point of the conductivity rate of change is identified to obtain pore response characteristic point data; Time-series amplitude correlation is performed on pore response feature point data to generate equivalent pore response data; The equivalent porosity response data is normalized in amplitude and correlated in direction to generate conductivity porosity indicator data.

8. The method for monitoring seepage in rare earth mines according to claim 7, characterized in that, Time-series amplitude correlation of pore response feature point data includes: The directional consistency discrimination processing is performed on the amplitude variation trend of conductivity perturbation of each feature point in the pore response feature point data to generate pore response trend consistency data. The stable response segment data is obtained by filtering the duration based on the consistency data of the pore response trend; Constraint mapping is performed on the amplitude change ratio of each feature point in the stable response section data to generate pore response ratio constraint data, wherein the constraint mapping is used to limit the connectivity response relationship of pores within the same seepage path; The proportional constraint data of the pore response is converted to obtain the equivalent pore response data.

9. The method for monitoring seepage in rare earth mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before continuously injecting the labeled test liquid into the inner ring in step S3, the following steps are also included: The dual-ring injection assembly is controlled to maintain a constant water head in the outer ring and inject a short-range fluid of a preset volume into the inner ring and then stop immediately, so as to form a controllable local water head disturbance at the location to be measured in the ore body, and record the corresponding electrical conductivity micro-disturbance occurrence sequence at each micro-detection point to generate a one-time disturbance response sequence data. The effective discrimination interval of the first response time was confirmed by using one-time perturbation response sequence data.

10. A liquid injection seepage monitoring system for rare earth mines, characterized in that, For implementing the method for monitoring seepage in a rare earth mine as described in claim 1, the system for monitoring seepage in a rare earth mine includes: The dual-ring injection module is used to deploy a dual-ring injection assembly at the test location of the ore body. The inner ring of the dual-ring injection assembly is used to inject test liquid, and the outer ring is used to stabilize the lateral hydraulic conditions. A head marker that can be identified by an external micro probe is added to the test liquid. The circumferential detection module is used to uniformly arrange several micro-detection points along the circumferential direction around the outer ring. Each micro-detection point is connected to an independent signal recording unit. The micro-detection points are used to detect the arrival time of the head marker in the test liquid. The liquid injection monitoring module is used to continuously inject test liquid containing labeled reagent into the inner ring, and to monitor the concentration of labeled reagent and conductivity perturbation parameters in real time through each micro detection point and record its first response time. The seepage analysis module is used to determine the main seepage direction based on the first response time of each micro-detection point, and to construct the seepage path distribution through the response time difference. The parameter calculation module is used to calculate the permeability parameters of the ore body at the location to be measured by the marker concentration, electrical conductivity perturbation parameters and seepage path distribution, and generate the injection seepage monitoring results.

Images