Carbon asset management method and system based on distributed digital identity, and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a carbon asset management method and system based on a distributed digital identity, and a medium, and the method comprises the following steps: generating the distributed digital identity of a carbon profit project participant, and uploading the identity information to a block chain; the carbon general benefit project party issues a VC / VP to the participant, and uploads project detailed attribute information to the block chain and updates the project detailed attribute information; when the participant participates in the carbon popularization project, VC / VP is provided, and the project party verifies whether the participant meets the condition of participating in the project or not; if the condition is met, when the participant generates the emission reduction behavior, the project party encrypts the emission reduction behavior data and uploads the emission reduction behavior data to the block chain; calculating carbon points based on the emission reduction behavior data, and transferring corresponding carbon points to the distributed digital identities of the participants; and when the participant exchanges rights and interests with the transaction party through the carbon points, circulation management of the carbon points is carried out through the intelligent contract. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of realizing controllable identity anonymity, fine-grained tracking of carbon assets and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blockchain technology, and in particular to a carbon asset management method, system, and medium based on distributed digital identity. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing density of population and the strengthening of economic activities, carbon emissions are rising. "Carbon inclusion" is a voluntary emission reduction mechanism that builds a mechanism that makes citizens' carbon emission reductions "recordable, measurable, beneficial, and recognized." It quantifies and assigns value to the energy-saving and carbon-reduction behaviors of enterprises, communities, families, and individuals, and establishes a positive guidance mechanism with economic incentives and policy encouragement to encourage the public to voluntarily practice low-carbon living.

[0003] In existing technologies, carbon credit platforms connect with public institutions to quantify the carbon reduction efforts of the public through low-carbon behaviors and award them corresponding carbon coins. The public can use these carbon coins to exchange for rewards on the carbon credit platform, offset carbon emissions, or trade carbon quotas in the carbon trading market to offset emissions quotas of controlled enterprises. However, carbon credit platforms are typically centralized, making it difficult to trace the credibility of data from carbon reduction projects and to verify their integrity. Furthermore, carbon reduction amounts and carbon data may involve the privacy of participants, such as leaked personal travel information or corporate carbon emission data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a carbon asset management method, system, and medium based on distributed digital identity (DID). DIDs represent the digital identities of entities such as individuals, communities, households, or enterprises, and an entity can possess multiple DIDs, achieving controlled anonymity and preventing user behavior profiling through DIDs. Fine-grained carbon asset tracking is achieved by employing the UTXO (Unspent Transaction Output) model, enabling offline carbon asset circulation management.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A carbon asset management method based on distributed digital identity includes the following steps:

[0007] Generate distributed digital identities for participants in the carbon benefit project and upload the identity information to the blockchain;

[0008] The carbon inclusion project organizer issues verifiable certificates (VC) or verifiable expressions (VP) to the participants in the carbon inclusion project.

[0009] Carbon benefit project teams upload and update detailed project attribute information to the blockchain;

[0010] When participating in a carbon benefit project, participants provide their verifiable credentials (VC) or verifiable expressions (VP), which are then verified by the carbon benefit project organizer to confirm whether the participants meet the conditions for participation.

[0011] Once a participant in a carbon benefit project meets the conditions for participating in the project, when the participant engages in emission reduction activities, the project team will encrypt the participant's emission reduction data and upload it to the blockchain.

[0012] Based on emission reduction behavior data, carbon credits corresponding to the emission reduction behavior of participants in the carbon benefit project are calculated through blockchain smart contracts, and the corresponding carbon credits are transferred to the distributed digital identities of the participants in the carbon benefit project.

[0013] When participants in the carbon credit program exchange carbon credits for equity products with trading parties, the transfer of carbon credits is managed through smart contracts, transferring carbon credits from participants to trading parties.

[0014] The carbon benefit project participants are entities, such as individuals, communities, families, or enterprises. Different carbon benefit project providers generate different distributed digital identities for the same carbon benefit project participant. That is, a carbon benefit project participant corresponds to one or more distributed digital identities and participates in different carbon benefit projects with different distributed digital identities.

[0015] The distributed digital identity includes a distributed digital identity identifier and a distributed digital identity document. The distributed digital identity identifier is used to uniquely identify participants in the carbon inclusive project. The distributed digital identity document includes the public key of the distributed digital identity and a detailed description of the identity, which is uploaded to the blockchain for storage and evidence preservation. The private key of the distributed digital identity is kept by the holder of the distributed digital identity.

[0016] The carbon benefit project party's signature verification process is as follows: When providing signature verification services, the carbon benefit project party automatically initiates a query to the blockchain for the distributed digital identity documents of the holder and issuer of the verifiable credential VC / verifiable expression VP, obtaining detailed information about the distributed digital identity and the corresponding public key. The holder is the corresponding carbon benefit project participant, and the issuer is the corresponding carbon benefit project party. The signature verification algorithm verifies the signatures of the holder and issuer of the verifiable credential VC / verifiable expression VP. If the verification is successful, it proves that the verifiable credential VC / verifiable expression VP is valid, which means that the identity verification is successful and the participant meets the conditions for participating in the project.

[0017] The emission reduction behavior data includes the distributed digital identity of the carbon benefit project participants, the emission reduction projects they participated in, the type of emission reduction, the amount of emission reduction, and the time.

[0018] The detailed attribute information of the project includes the emission reduction type, emission reduction project, emission reduction participation method, and carbon credit exchange rules. The detailed attribute information of the project is updated through voting by distributed autonomous organizations.

[0019] When the carbon credits of the participants in the carbon benefit project are distributed across multiple distributed digital identity accounts, there is no need to transfer the carbon credits to a single account for aggregation. When using carbon credits to redeem benefits and goods, multiple UTXOs are generated simultaneously using the carbon credits under multiple accounts, and each UTXO is signed by the corresponding distributed digital identity holder.

[0020] The carbon asset transfer on the blockchain adopts the UTXO model. The UTXO model clearly records the source of carbon assets and their trading restrictions, and realizes multiple verification methods, including business logic verification. After the carbon asset rights are exchanged, the corresponding carbon assets are destroyed, that is, the corresponding carbon assets are transferred to a pre-set dormant address.

[0021] When a carbon benefit project or its participants are offline, the project records their emission reduction data locally and calculates the corresponding carbon credits, generating a UTXO transaction. The participants receive this pre-accounted UTXO transaction, which is not subject to blockchain network consensus. Once the carbon benefit project or its participants are back online, the UTXO transaction is formally synchronized to all nodes in the blockchain after passing blockchain network consensus.

[0022] A carbon asset management system based on distributed digital identity, for implementing the method described above, the system comprising:

[0023] The distributed digital identity management module is used to generate distributed digital identities for carbon benefit project participants and upload the identity information to the blockchain; issue verifiable credentials (VC) / verifiable expressions (VP) to carbon benefit project participants; and when carbon benefit project participants participate in the carbon benefit project, they provide their verifiable credentials (VC) / verifiable expressions (VP) for verification by the carbon benefit project party to confirm whether the participants meet the conditions for participating in the project.

[0024] The carbon benefit project data on-chain module is used to upload relevant business data of carbon benefit projects to the blockchain. The relevant business data of carbon benefit projects includes detailed project attribute information, as well as emission reduction behavior data generated when carbon benefit project participants meet the conditions for participating in the project and take emission reduction actions.

[0025] The carbon asset circulation management module is used for the generation, transfer, and destruction of carbon assets. The generation of carbon assets is as follows: based on emission reduction behavior data, carbon credits corresponding to the emission reduction behavior of carbon benefit project participants are calculated through blockchain smart contracts, and the corresponding carbon credits are transferred to the distributed digital identity of the carbon benefit project participants. The transfer and destruction of carbon assets are as follows: when carbon benefit project participants exchange carbon credits for equity commodities with trading parties, the circulation of carbon credits is managed through smart contracts, transferring carbon credits from carbon benefit project participants to trading parties, and destroying the corresponding carbon assets after the equity commodity exchange is completed.

[0026] A storage medium having a program stored thereon, which, when executed, implements the method described above.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) This invention proposes a carbon asset management method, device, system and storage medium based on DID, which uses DID identity to represent the digital identity of entities such as individuals, communities, families or enterprises, and an entity can have multiple DID identities, thereby achieving controllable anonymity and preventing user behavior profiling through DID identity.

[0029] (2) By adopting the UTXO (Unspent Transaction output) model, this invention can realize offline carbon asset transfer management and achieve fine-grained tracking of carbon assets, clearly record the source of carbon assets and their transaction restrictions, and realize carbon asset control including business logic verification, thus enriching the business application scenarios of carbon asset transfer in the blockchain network. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a system structure diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] This embodiment provides a carbon asset management system based on distributed digital identity, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a distributed digital identity management module, a carbon benefit project data on-chain module, and a carbon asset transfer management module.

[0035] (1) Distributed digital identity management module, including DID identity generation submodule and verifiable credential (VC) and verifiable expression (VP) signature and verification service submodule, used to realize distributed digital identity generation of carbon inclusive project participants, and to issue verifiable credential VC / verifiable expression VP to carbon inclusive project participants and verify them.

[0036] (11) DID identity generation submodule, used to generate DID identity.

[0037] A user (an entity) can generate a DID identity through the DID identity generation submodule. A DID identity includes a DID identifier and a DID document. The DID identifier uniquely identifies an entity, while the DID document contains the public key of the DID identity and a detailed description of the identity. After the DID identity is generated, the DID document is automatically uploaded to the blockchain for notarization and is used for subsequent VC and VP verification. The private key corresponding to the DID identity is kept by the DID identity owner. An entity can apply for multiple DID identities and use different DID identities to participate in different carbon credit projects.

[0038] (12) A signature and verification service submodule for verifiable credentials (VC) and verifiable representations (VP), used for the issuance and verification of VC / VP.

[0039] A Verifiable Token (VC) is a descriptive credential that endorses certain attributes of another DID, accompanied by the credential's digital signature, to prove the authenticity of those attributes. A Verifiable Validation (VP), on the other hand, is a selective disclosure of VC content, revealing only some attributes or a range of attributes. Carbon Inclusive projects or other authoritative identity agencies can use the signature and verification service submodule of Verifiable Tokens (VC) and Verifiable Expressions (VP) to endorse the participation rights of participating DIDs, issuing VC / VPs that signify their right to participate in certain projects within the carbon inclusive project. Conversely, when a user participates in a carbon inclusive project, the project organizer can use the signature and verification service submodule of Verifiable Tokens (VC) and Verifiable Expressions (VP) to verify the participant's DID's VC / VP and determine if they meet the project participation requirements. Specifically, when the project team calls the VC / VP verification service of the signature and verification service submodule of Verifiable Credentials (VC) and Verifiable Expressions (VP), the submodule automatically initiates a query to the blockchain for the DID documents of the VC / VP holder and issuer, obtains the detailed information of the DID and the corresponding public key, and verifies the signatures of the VC / VP holder and issuer through the signature verification algorithm. If the verification is successful, it proves that the VC / VP is valid, which means that the identity verification is successful.

[0040] (2) Carbon Inclusive Project Data Upload Module, used to upload relevant business data of carbon inclusive projects to the blockchain.

[0041] First, carbon credit projects register their project's emission reduction type, projects, participation methods, and carbon credit redemption rules on the blockchain via a smart contract interface of the carbon credit project data on-chain module. Specifically, the detailed project attributes registered by the project can be updated through a Distributed Autonomous Organization (DAO) vote. The project initiates a request to update project details, and after approval by DAO members, the project's detailed attributes, such as the credit redemption rules, can be updated. When a participant joins a carbon credit emission reduction project, the project uploads information such as the participant's DID identity, project category, emission reduction type, and emission reduction amount to the blockchain via the smart contract interface of the carbon credit project data on-chain module. Because this information is bound to an anonymous DID identity, user privacy is not leaked. Alternatively, this information can be encrypted before being uploaded to the blockchain. Subsequently, the smart contract automatically calculates the amount of convertible carbon assets based on the carbon credit redemption rules registered by the project.

[0042] (3) Carbon asset transfer management module, used for the generation, transfer and destruction of carbon assets.

[0043] The generation of carbon assets is as follows: Based on emission reduction behavior data, the amount of carbon assets corresponding to the emission reduction behavior of participants in the carbon inclusive project is calculated through blockchain smart contracts. Then, through the carbon asset circulation management module, a Coinbase-type transaction is constructed on the blockchain, automatically transferring the corresponding carbon assets to the participant's DID account. Specifically, carbon assets can be represented in the form of carbon credits. A Coinbase-type transaction can be considered a transaction that creates carbon assets from scratch; the input address is empty, and the output address is the DID address of the participant who receives the carbon credits.

[0044] Specifically, the transfer of carbon assets on the blockchain adopts the UTXO model, which records which transaction the input carbon credits came from, thus enabling each carbon asset to trace its entire transaction history. The UTXO model clearly records the source of carbon assets and their transaction restrictions, allowing for various verification methods, including business logic verification, thereby enriching the application scenarios of carbon asset transfer in blockchain networks.

[0045] The transfer and destruction of carbon assets are as follows: When participants in the carbon benefit project exchange carbon credits for equity commodities with trading parties, the circulation of carbon credits is managed through smart contracts, transferring carbon credits from the participants to the trading parties, and destroying the corresponding carbon assets after the equity commodities are exchanged.

[0046] By employing the UTXO model, this invention supports offline use scenarios for carbon assets. Specifically, the transferor and recipient of carbon assets can operate offline using a pre-bookkeeping model, recording income and expenditure of carbon credits locally beforehand, and synchronizing the ledger upon network connection. Furthermore, since participants in carbon equity projects can possess multiple DID identities, the carbon assets held by all their DID identities do not need to be consolidated into a single account; they can be transferred through the module to exchange for corresponding rights. During the carbon asset rights exchange process, each UTXO asset is signed by its holder's DID. After the carbon asset rights exchange is completed, the corresponding UTXO carbon asset will be destroyed, meaning the carbon asset will be transferred to a pre-set dormant address.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] This embodiment provides a carbon asset management method based on distributed digital identity, implemented using the system described in Embodiment 1, as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0049] S1 generates distributed digital identities for participants in the carbon benefit project and uploads the identity information to the blockchain.

[0050] The participants in a carbon inclusion project are entities, such as individuals, communities, families, or enterprises. Different carbon inclusion project participants or other certified organizations generate different distributed digital identities (including DID identifiers and DID documents) for the same carbon inclusion project participant through a distributed digital identity management module, and upload the DID documents to the blockchain for storage and notarization. That is, a carbon inclusion project participant corresponds to one or more distributed digital identities and participates in different carbon inclusion projects with different distributed digital identities.

[0051] S2, the carbon inclusion project owner or other certification organization issues a verifiable certificate (VC) or verifiable expression (VP) to carbon inclusion project participants.

[0052] S3, carbon credit project teams upload and update detailed project attribute information (including the project's emission reduction type, emission reduction projects, emission reduction participation methods, carbon credit redemption rules, etc.) to the blockchain.

[0053] S4. When participating in the carbon benefit project, participants provide their verifiable credentials (VC) or verifiable expressions (VP). The carbon benefit project organizer verifies the credentials to determine whether the participants meet the conditions for participation.

[0054] When providing signature verification services, carbon benefit project providers automatically initiate a query to the blockchain to obtain the distributed digital identity documents of the holder and issuer of the verifiable credential VC / verifiable expression VP. This process retrieves detailed information about the distributed digital identity and the corresponding public key. The holder represents the corresponding carbon benefit project participant, and the issuer represents the corresponding carbon benefit project provider. The signature verification algorithm verifies the signatures of the holder and issuer of the verifiable credential VC / verifiable expression VP. Once the verification is successful, it proves that the verifiable credential VC / verifiable expression VP is valid, meaning the identity verification is successful and the participant meets the conditions for participating in the project.

[0055] S5: After a participant in a carbon benefit project meets the conditions for participating in the project, when the participant engages in emission reduction activities, the project party will encrypt the participant's emission reduction behavior data (including the participant's distributed digital identity, the emission reduction project participated in, the type of emission reduction, the amount of emission reduction, and the time, etc.) and upload it to the blockchain.

[0056] S6, based on emission reduction behavior data, calculates carbon credits corresponding to the emission reduction behavior of participants in the carbon benefit project through blockchain smart contracts, and transfers the corresponding carbon credits to the distributed digital identities of the participants in the carbon benefit project.

[0057] S7: When participants in the carbon credit program exchange carbon credits for equity products with trading parties, the transfer of carbon credits is managed through smart contracts, transferring carbon credits from participants to trading parties.

[0058] When carbon credits of participants in a carbon benefit project are distributed across multiple distributed digital identity accounts, there is no need to transfer carbon credits to a single account for aggregation. When redeeming goods with carbon credits, multiple UTXOs are generated simultaneously using carbon credits from multiple accounts, and each UTXO is signed by the corresponding distributed digital identity holder.

[0059] The transfer of carbon assets on the blockchain adopts the UTXO model. The UTXO model clearly records the source of carbon assets and their trading restrictions, and realizes multiple verification methods, including business logic verification. After the carbon asset rights are exchanged, the corresponding carbon assets are destroyed, that is, the corresponding carbon assets are transferred to a pre-set dormant address.

[0060] When a carbon credit project provider or participant is offline—for example, when a participant is riding a bus and the bus's carbon credit system is offline—the system can still record the participant's emission reduction behavior data locally and calculate corresponding carbon credits, generating a UTXO transaction. The participant receives this pre-accounted UTXO transaction, which is not subject to blockchain network consensus. Once the project provider or participant reconnects to the network and becomes online, the UTXO transaction undergoes blockchain network consensus and is officially synchronized to all nodes in the blockchain. Simultaneously, the government can provide an additional UTXO carbon credit reward. After the rights and benefits provided by the enterprise are redeemed by the participant, the carbon credits are managed through smart contracts in the carbon asset circulation management module. Of the carbon credits redeemed, the UTXO carbon assets provided by the carbon credit project provider are automatically transferred to the DID account of the rights-providing enterprise, while the UTXO carbon assets rewarded by the government are directly destroyed and not used for circulation. The carbon credits in the enterprise's DID account can be used for carbon market quota compliance offsetting, etc. This will enable all parties to actively participate in carbon emission reduction efforts and promote energy conservation and emission reduction work.

[0061] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0062] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A carbon asset management method based on distributed digital identity, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Generate distributed digital identities for participants in the carbon benefit project and upload the identity information to the blockchain; The carbon inclusion project organizer issues verifiable certificates (VCs) or verifiable expressions (VPs) to the participants in the carbon inclusion project. Carbon benefit project teams upload detailed project attribute information to the blockchain and update it; When participating in a carbon benefit project, participants provide their verifiable credentials (VC) or verifiable expressions (VP), which are then verified by the carbon benefit project organizer to confirm whether the participants meet the conditions for participation. Once a participant in a carbon benefit project meets the conditions for participation, when the participant engages in emission reduction activities, the project team will encrypt the participant's emission reduction data and upload it to the blockchain. Based on emission reduction behavior data, carbon credits corresponding to the emission reduction behavior of participants in the carbon benefit project are calculated through blockchain smart contracts, and the corresponding carbon credits are transferred to the distributed digital identities of the participants in the carbon benefit project. When participants in the carbon credit program exchange carbon credits for equity products with trading parties, the transfer of carbon credits is managed through smart contracts, transferring carbon credits from participants to trading parties.

2. The carbon asset management method based on distributed digital identity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon benefit project participants are entities, such as individuals, communities, families, or enterprises. Different carbon benefit project providers generate different distributed digital identities for the same carbon benefit project participant. That is, a carbon benefit project participant corresponds to one or more distributed digital identities and participates in different carbon benefit projects with different distributed digital identities.

3. The carbon asset management method based on distributed digital identity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed digital identity includes a distributed digital identity identifier and a distributed digital identity document. The distributed digital identity identifier is used to uniquely identify participants in the carbon inclusive project. The distributed digital identity document includes the public key of the distributed digital identity and a detailed description of the identity, which is uploaded to the blockchain for storage and evidence preservation. The private key of the distributed digital identity is kept by the holder of the distributed digital identity.

4. A carbon asset management method based on distributed digital identity according to claim 3, characterized in that, The carbon benefit project party's signature verification process is as follows: When providing signature verification services, the carbon benefit project party automatically initiates a query to the blockchain for the distributed digital identity documents of the holder and issuer of the verifiable credential VC / verifiable expression VP, obtaining detailed information about the distributed digital identity and the corresponding public key. The holder is the corresponding carbon benefit project participant, and the issuer is the corresponding carbon benefit project party. The signature verification algorithm verifies the signatures of the holder and issuer of the verifiable credential VC / verifiable expression VP. If the verification is successful, it proves that the verifiable credential VC / verifiable expression VP is valid, which means that the identity verification is successful and the participant meets the conditions for participating in the project.

5. A carbon asset management method based on distributed digital identity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emission reduction behavior data includes the distributed digital identity of the carbon benefit project participants, the emission reduction projects they participated in, the type of emission reduction, the amount of emission reduction, and the time. The detailed attribute information of the project includes the emission reduction type, emission reduction project, emission reduction participation method, and carbon credit exchange rules. The detailed attribute information of the project is updated through voting by distributed autonomous organizations.

6. A carbon asset management method based on distributed digital identity according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the carbon credits of the participants in the carbon benefit project are distributed across multiple distributed digital identity accounts, there is no need to transfer the carbon credits to a single account for aggregation. When using carbon credits to redeem benefits and goods, multiple UTXOs are generated simultaneously using the carbon credits under multiple accounts, and each UTXO is signed by the corresponding distributed digital identity holder.

7. A carbon asset management method based on distributed digital identity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon asset transfer on the blockchain adopts the UTXO model. The UTXO model clearly records the source of carbon assets and their trading restrictions, and realizes multiple verification methods, including business logic verification. After the carbon asset rights are exchanged, the corresponding carbon assets are destroyed, that is, the corresponding carbon assets are transferred to a pre-set dormant address.

8. A carbon asset management method based on distributed digital identity according to claim 7, characterized in that, When a carbon benefit project or its participants are offline, the project records their emission reduction data locally and calculates the corresponding carbon credits, generating a UTXO transaction. The participants receive this pre-accounted UTXO transaction, which is not subject to blockchain network consensus. Once the carbon benefit project or its participants are back online, the UTXO transaction is formally synchronized to all nodes in the blockchain after passing blockchain network consensus.

9. A carbon asset management system based on distributed digital identity, characterized in that, For implementing the method as described in any one of claims 1-8, the system comprises: The distributed digital identity management module is used to generate distributed digital identities for carbon benefit project participants and upload the identity information to the blockchain; issue verifiable credentials (VC) / verifiable expressions (VP) to carbon benefit project participants; and when carbon benefit project participants participate in the carbon benefit project, they provide their verifiable credentials (VC) / verifiable expressions (VP) for verification by the carbon benefit project party to confirm whether the participants meet the conditions for participating in the project. The carbon benefit project data on-chain module is used to upload relevant business data of carbon benefit projects to the blockchain. The relevant business data of carbon benefit projects includes detailed project attribute information, as well as emission reduction behavior data generated when carbon benefit project participants meet the conditions for participating in the project and take emission reduction actions. The carbon asset circulation management module is used for the generation, transfer, and destruction of carbon assets. The generation of carbon assets is as follows: based on emission reduction behavior data, carbon credits corresponding to the emission reduction behavior of carbon benefit project participants are calculated through blockchain smart contracts, and the corresponding carbon credits are transferred to the distributed digital identity of the carbon benefit project participants. The transfer and destruction of carbon assets are as follows: when carbon benefit project participants exchange carbon credits for equity commodities with trading parties, the circulation of carbon credits is managed through smart contracts, transferring carbon credits from carbon benefit project participants to trading parties, and destroying the corresponding carbon assets after the equity commodity exchange is completed.

10. A storage medium having a program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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