AC-DC circuit and output voltage adjusting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an AC-DC circuit and an output voltage adjusting method thereof. The AC-DC circuit has multiple forms such as a single power supply and multiple power supplies. The AC-DC circuit of the single power supply comprises a capacitor, two diodes and two inductors; the multi-power AC-DC circuit comprises two capacitors, four diodes and at least two inductors. The output voltage of the AC-DC circuit can be changed by coupling part or all of the inductors to different degrees.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to AC-DC circuits, and more particularly to AC-DC circuits with single and multiple power supplies, and methods for regulating their output voltage. Background Technology

[0002] A voltage multiplier circuit is a typical AC-DC circuit. It consists of capacitors and diodes and has the advantage of simple structure, but it also has significant drawbacks, such as high current stress and low efficiency, currently only suitable for low-current applications. Furthermore, existing voltage multiplier circuits have a single power input and lack the ability to connect to multiple power sources for energy exchange. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of existing voltage multiplier circuits, such as high current stress, low efficiency, and single power supply input, this invention proposes an AC-DC circuit, including various forms such as single power supply and multiple power supply, and also includes a suitable output voltage regulation method.

[0004] A first AC-DC circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes one capacitor, two diodes, and two inductors, wherein:

[0005] The capacitor is connected in series with the AC power supply to form a series branch of the capacitor and the AC power supply.

[0006] The first diode is connected in series with the first inductor to form a first diode and inductor series branch. The anode of the first diode is connected to one end of the first diode and inductor series branch, or the cathode of the first diode is connected to the other end of the first diode and inductor series branch.

[0007] The second diode is connected in series with the second inductor to form a series branch of the second diode and the inductor. The cathode of the second diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor, or the anode of the second diode is connected to the other end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor.

[0008] One end of the first diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and the other end is connected to one end of the output capacitor and one end of the load.

[0009] One end of the second diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and its other end is simultaneously connected to the other end of the output capacitor, the other end of the load, and the other end of the capacitor and AC power supply series branch.

[0010] The first type of AC-DC circuit is a single-power AC-DC circuit. Its first inductor and second inductor can be coupled. The current-inflow terminal of the first inductor and the current-inflow terminal of the second inductor are the same terminal. The coupling coefficient ranges from -1 to 1.

[0011] A second AC-DC circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes two capacitors, four diodes, and two inductors, wherein:

[0012] The first capacitor is connected in series with the first AC power supply to form a series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply.

[0013] The second capacitor is connected in series with the second AC power supply to form a series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply.

[0014] The anode of the first diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply, and its cathode is connected to one end of the first inductor.

[0015] The anode of the second diode is connected to the other end of the second inductor, and its cathode is connected to one end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply.

[0016] The anode of the third diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply, and its cathode is connected to one end of the first inductor.

[0017] The cathode of the fourth diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply, and its anode is connected to the other end of the second inductor.

[0018] The other end of the first inductor is connected to both one end of the output capacitor and one end of the load.

[0019] One end of the second inductor is simultaneously connected to the other end of the output capacitor, the other end of the load, the other end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply, and the other end of the series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply.

[0020] The second type of AC-DC circuit is a multi-power supply AC-DC circuit. Its first inductor and second inductor can be coupled. The current input terminal of the first inductor and the current input terminal of the second inductor are the same terminal. The coupling coefficient ranges from -1 to 1.

[0021] A third AC-DC circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes 2 capacitors, 4 diodes and 3 inductors, wherein:

[0022] The first capacitor is connected in series with the first AC power supply to form a series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply.

[0023] The second capacitor is connected in series with the second AC power supply to form a series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply.

[0024] The anode of the first diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply, and its cathode is connected to one end of the first inductor.

[0025] The second diode is connected in series with the second inductor to form a series branch of the first diode and the inductor. The cathode of the second diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the first diode and the inductor, or the anode of the second diode is connected to the other end of the series branch of the first diode and the inductor.

[0026] The anode of the third diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply, and its cathode is connected to one end of the first inductor.

[0027] The fourth diode is connected in series with the third inductor to form a series branch of the second diode and the inductor. The cathode of the fourth diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor, or the anode of the fourth diode is connected to the other end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor.

[0028] The other end of the first inductor is connected to both one end of the output capacitor and one end of the load.

[0029] One end of the first diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the first capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and its other end is simultaneously connected to the other end of the output capacitor and the other end of the load.

[0030] One end of the second diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the second capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and its other end is simultaneously connected to the other end of the output capacitor and the other end of the load.

[0031] The other end of the first capacitor and the AC power supply series branch, and the other end of the second capacitor and the AC power supply series branch, are both connected to the other end of the output capacitor and the other end of the load.

[0032] The third type of AC-DC circuit is a multi-power supply AC-DC circuit, in which the first inductor, the second inductor, and the third inductor may be partially or completely coupled, including: the current input terminals of the first inductor and the second inductor are the same type of terminals, and the coupling coefficient ranges from -1 to 1; or, the current input terminals of the first inductor and the third inductor are the same type of terminals, and the coupling coefficient ranges from -1 to 1; or, the current input terminals of the second inductor and the third inductor are the same type of terminals, and the coupling coefficient ranges from -1 to 1; or, the current input terminals of the first inductor, the second inductor, and the third inductor are the same type of terminals, and the coupling coefficient ranges from 0 to 1; or, the current input terminals of the first inductor, the second inductor, and the third inductor are the same type of terminals, and the coupling coefficient ranges from 0 to 1.

[0033] A fourth AC-DC circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes 2 capacitors, 4 diodes and 3 inductors, wherein:

[0034] The first capacitor is connected in series with the first AC power supply to form a series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply.

[0035] The second capacitor is connected in series with the second AC power supply to form a series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply.

[0036] The first diode is connected in series with the first inductor to form a first diode and inductor series branch. The anode of the first diode is connected to one end of the first diode and inductor series branch, or the cathode of the first diode is connected to the other end of the first diode and inductor series branch.

[0037] The anode of the second diode is connected to the other end of the second inductor, and its cathode is connected to one end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply.

[0038] The third diode is connected in series with the third inductor to form a series branch of the second diode and the inductor. The anode of the third diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor, or the cathode of the third diode is connected to the other end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor.

[0039] The cathode of the fourth diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply, and its anode is connected to the other end of the second inductor.

[0040] One end of the first diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the first capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and the other end is connected to one end of the output capacitor and one end of the load.

[0041] One end of the second inductor is connected to both the other end of the output capacitor and the other end of the load.

[0042] One end of the second diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the second capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and the other end is connected to one end of the output capacitor and one end of the load.

[0043] The other end of the first capacitor and the AC power supply series branch, and the other end of the second capacitor and the AC power supply series branch, are both connected to the other end of the output capacitor and the other end of the load.

[0044] The fourth type of AC-DC circuit is a multi-power supply AC-DC circuit, in which the first inductor, the second inductor, and the third inductor may be partially or completely coupled, including: the current input terminals of the first inductor and the second inductor are the same type of terminals, and the coupling coefficient ranges from -1 to 1; or, the current input terminals of the third inductor and the second inductor are the same type of terminals, and the coupling coefficient ranges from -1 to 1; or, the current input terminals of the first inductor and the third inductor are the same type of terminals, and the coupling coefficient ranges from -1 to 1; or, the current input terminals of the first inductor, the second inductor, and the third inductor are the same type of terminals, and the coupling coefficient ranges from 0 to 1; or, the current input terminals of the first inductor, the second inductor, and the third inductor are the same type of terminals, and the coupling coefficient ranges from 0 to 1.

[0045] Based on the above-mentioned single-power-supply and multi-power-supply AC-DC circuits, AC-DC circuits that can connect to even more power sources can be formed.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the output voltage regulation method suitable for the above-described AC-DC circuit includes any combination of the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Change some or all of the parameters of the AC power supply, including amplitude, frequency, phase and waveform;

[0048] Step 2: Change the inductance value of some or all of the inductors;

[0049] Step 3: Change the coupling relationship of some or all of the inductors, including the coupling coefficient.

[0050] In some embodiments, the diodes described above can be replaced by controllable switching devices (e.g., synchronous rectifier MOSFETs); any of the AC power supplies described above can be AC ​​power of any waveform, such as: sine wave, square wave, multi-level pulse, triangular wave, etc.

[0051] The beneficial effects of this invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects: the AC-DC circuits of this invention all have the advantages of low current stress and high efficiency; different output voltages can be obtained by coupling part or all of the inductors to different degrees; some AC-DC circuits can be connected to multiple AC power sources and have the ability to handle multiple power sources. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is the first AC-DC circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a bar chart of the output voltage of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 3This is the second AC-DC circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 4 This is a bar chart of the output voltage of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 5 This is the third AC-DC circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 6 This is a bar chart of the output voltage in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 7 This is the fourth AC-DC circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 8 This is a histogram of the output voltage in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to facilitate a thorough understanding of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that these specific details are not essential for carrying out the invention. Furthermore, in some embodiments, well-known circuits, materials, or methods are not specifically described to avoid obscuring the invention.

[0061] Throughout this specification, references to "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the phrases "in an embodiment," "in an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or sub-combination. Moreover, those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes, with the same reference numerals indicating the same elements. It should be understood that when an element is referred to as "connected to" or "coupled" to another element, it can be a direct connection or coupling to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements present.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides an AC-DC circuit, including capacitor C1, diode D1, diode D2, inductor L1, and inductor L2, wherein:

[0064] Capacitor C1 and AC power supply v acThey are connected in series to form a series branch of the capacitor and the AC power supply;

[0065] Diode D1 is connected in series with inductor L1 to form the first diode and inductor series branch. The anode of diode D1 is connected to one end of the first diode and inductor series branch.

[0066] Diode D2 is connected in series with inductor L2 to form a second diode and inductor series branch. The cathode of diode D2 is connected to one end of the second diode and inductor series branch.

[0067] One end of the first diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and the other end is simultaneously connected to the output capacitor C. o One end is connected to one end of the load;

[0068] One end of the second diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and the other end is simultaneously connected to the output capacitor C. o The other end is connected to the other end of the load and the other end of the series branch of the capacitor and the AC power supply.

[0069] Inductors L1 and L2 are coupled; the current-inflow terminals of inductor L1 and L2 are of the same name, and the coupling coefficient k is... 12 The value range is from -1 to 1.

[0070] For simplicity, assume the AC power supply v ac It is a square wave AC power supply with an amplitude of V. ac Output capacitor C o Large enough, output voltage V o The ripple is negligible; capacitor C1 is large enough, and the capacitor voltage V C1 The ripple is negligible; D1 and D2 are both ideal devices; the inductance values ​​of L1 and L2 are equal.

[0071] (1)k 12 When the current is 1, in the continuous current mode of coupled inductors L1 and L2, the steady-state operation process of Example 1 can be divided into two stages, as follows:

[0072] (a) Phase 1: v ac Voltage > 0

[0073] D1 is on, D2 is off, v ac C1, D1, L1, C o Together with the load, they form a circuit; L1 releases energy, C1 releases energy; C o Energy storage.

[0074] (b) Phase 2: v ac Voltage < 0

[0075] D1 is cut off, D2 is on, L2, D2, C1, V ac Forming a circuit, L2 stores energy, C1 stores energy; C o Release energy.

[0076] According to the principle of inductor volt-second balance, we can obtain:

[0077] V o =2V ac (1)

[0078] As can be seen from equation (1), the output voltage of Example 1 exhibits a voltage doubling characteristic.

[0079] (2)k 12 When the current is 0, under discontinuous current mode of inductors L1 and L2, the steady-state operation process of Example 1 can be divided into two stages, as follows:

[0080] (a) Phase 1: v ac Voltage > 0

[0081] D1 is on, v ac C1, D1, L1, C o Together with the load, they form a loop; L1 stores energy; D2 conducts, and L2 releases energy until it reaches L2, D2, C1, and v. ac The current i in another loop L2 The value is zero; C1 stores energy first and then releases it; C o Release energy first, then store it.

[0082] (b) Phase 2: v ac Voltage < 0

[0083] D1 is turned on, L1 releases energy until v ac C1, D1, L1, C o The current i in the circuit formed by the load L1 The voltage is zero; D2 is on, L2, D2, C1, and V are connected. ac This forms another loop, with L2 storing energy; C1 first releases energy and then stores it. o Store energy first, then release it.

[0084] According to the principle of inductor volt-second balance, we can obtain:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, t on Let t be the energy storage time for L1 and L2. off1 Let t be the energy release time of L1 and L2, and t on =T ac / 2,t on +t off1 <T acT ac For v ac The cycle.

[0087] As can be seen from equation (2), the output voltage of Example 1 is less than the voltage multiplier.

[0088] (3)k 12 When the current is -1, under the critical mode of the coupled inductors L1 and L2, the steady-state operation process of Example 1 can be divided into 4 stages, as follows:

[0089] (a) Phase 1: v ac When the voltage is greater than 0, D1 is cut off and D2 is turned on.

[0090] L2, D2, C1, v ac A circuit is formed, L2 releases energy, C1 stores energy, and C... o Release energy.

[0091] (b) Phase 2: v ac When the voltage is greater than 0, D1 conducts and D2 is cut off.

[0092] v ac C1, D1, L1, C o The load forms a circuit, L1 stores energy, C1 releases energy, and C... o Energy storage.

[0093] (c) Phase 3: v ac When the voltage is less than 0, D1 conducts and D2 is cut off.

[0094] v ac C1, D1, L1, C o The load forms a circuit, L1 releases energy, C1 releases energy, C o Energy storage.

[0095] (d) Stage 4: v ac When the voltage is less than 0, D1 is cut off and D2 is turned on.

[0096] L2, D2, C1, v ac Forming a circuit, L2 stores energy, C1 stores energy, C o Release energy.

[0097] According to the principle of inductor volt-second balance, we can obtain:

[0098]

[0099] In the formula, t on Let t be the energy storage time for L1 and L2. off1 Let t be the energy release time of L1 and L2, and t on +t off1 =T ac / 2,T acFor v ac The cycle.

[0100] As can be seen from equation (3), the output voltage of Example 1 is less than the voltage multiplier.

[0101] For example: Take AC power supply V ac The parameter – amplitude V ac The voltage is 100V, the frequency is 100kHz, and the waveform is a square wave; L1 = L2 = 100μH, C1 = 10μF, C o =10μF, load is 100Ω. Figure 2 The output voltage block diagrams for Example 1 are given in the following three cases. (a) Case 1: k 12 =1. (b) Case 2: k 12 =0. (c) Case 3: k 12 =-1.

[0102] Besides the coupling coefficients k of L1 and L2 12 The inductance values ​​of L1 and L2 (including the cases where L1 = L2 and L1 ≠ L2) and the AC power supply V ac The parameters (such as amplitude, frequency, waveform, etc.) all affect the output voltage of Example 1. The corresponding steady-state operating process can be analyzed by those skilled in the art themselves, referring to the above description, and will not be repeated here.

[0103] Therefore, the output voltage regulation method applicable to Embodiment 1 includes any combination of the following steps:

[0104] Step 1: Change the AC power supply V ac The parameters include amplitude, frequency, and waveform;

[0105] Step 2: Change the inductance value of L1;

[0106] Step 3: Change the inductance value of L2;

[0107] Step 4: Change the coupling relationship between L1 and L2, including the coupling coefficient.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] refer to Figure 3 This embodiment provides an AC-DC circuit, including capacitor C. a1 Capacitor C a2 Diode D a1 Diode D a2 Diode D a3 Diode D a4 Inductor L a1 and inductor L a2 .

[0110] Capacitor C a1 With AC power v ac1 They are connected in series, forming a series branch between the first capacitor and the AC power supply; capacitor C a2 With AC power v ac2 Series connection, forming a second capacitor and AC power supply series branch; diode D a1 The anode is connected to one end of the first capacitor and the AC power supply in series, and its cathode is connected to the inductor L. a1 One end is connected; diode D a2 anode and inductor L a2 The other end is connected, and its cathode is connected to one end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply; diode D a3 The anode is connected to one end of the second capacitor and the AC power supply in series, and its cathode is connected to the inductor L. a1 One end is connected; diode D a4 The cathode is connected to one end of the second capacitor and the AC power supply in series, and its anode is connected to the inductor L. a2 The other end is connected; inductor L a1 The other end is simultaneously connected to the output capacitor C o One end of the inductor L is connected to one end of the load; a2 One end is simultaneously connected to the output capacitor C o The other end is connected to the other end of the load, the other end of the first capacitor and the AC power supply series branch, and the other end of the second capacitor and the AC power supply series branch.

[0111] Inductor L a1 and inductor L a2 There is a coupling relationship, inductance L a1 The current input terminal and the inductor L a2 The current input terminal is the same as the input terminal, and the coupling coefficient k a12 The value range is from -1 to 1.

[0112] For simplicity, assume the AC power supply v ac1 and v ac2 Both are square wave AC power supplies, with the same frequency but opposite phase, and amplitudes of V respectively. ac1 and V ac2 And they are equal; output capacitor C o Large enough, output voltage V o The ripple is negligible; capacitor C a1 and C a2 Large enough, capacitor voltage v Ca1 and v Ca2 The ripple is negligible; D a1 D a2 D a3 and D a4 All are ideal devices; L a1 and La2 The inductance values ​​are equal.

[0113] Take k a12 =1, coupling inductance L a1 and L a2 Approximately a constant current source, C o It can be removed; the output of Example 2 achieves voltage multiplication (i.e., V). o =2V ac1 =2V ac2 Its steady-state operating process can be divided into the following two stages:

[0114] (a)v ac1 The voltage is V ac1 v ac2 The voltage is -V ac2 And V ac1 =V ac2

[0115] D a1 and D a4 Conduction, D a2 and D a3 As of now, v ac1 C a1 D a1 L a1 C o Together with the load, they form a loop, C a1 Release energy; L a2 D a4 C a2 v ac2 Forming another loop, C a2 Energy storage.

[0116] (b)v ac1 The voltage is -V ac1 v ac2 The voltage is V ac2 And V ac1 =V ac2

[0117] D a1 and D a4 As of the deadline, D a2 and D a3 On, L a2 D a2 C a1 v ac1 Forming a loop, C a1 Energy storage; v ac2 C a2 D a3 L a1 C o Together with the load, they form another loop, C a2 Release energy.

[0118] In fact, L a1 and L a2 Coupling coefficient k a12 L a1 and L a2 Inductance value (including L) a1 =L a2 and L a1 ≠L a2 (situation) and v ac1 and v ac2 The parameters (such as amplitude, frequency, phase, waveform, etc.) all affect the output voltage of Example 2. The corresponding steady-state operating process (including v...) ac1 and v ac2 (In cases where there is electrical energy interaction), those skilled in the art can refer to the above for their own analysis, and will not elaborate further.

[0119] For example: Take L a1 =L a2 =100μH, C a1 =C a2 =10μF, C o =10μF, load is 100Ω. Figure 4 The output voltage block diagrams for Example 2 are given in the following three cases. (a) Case 1: AC power supply V ac1 The parameter – amplitude V ac1 The voltage is 100V, the frequency is 100kHz, the initial phase is 0°, and the waveform is a square wave; AC power supply V ac2 The parameter – amplitude V ac2 100V, 100kHz frequency, 180° initial phase, square wave waveform; k a12 =1. (b) Case 2: AC power supply v ac1 The parameter – amplitude V ac1 The voltage is 100V, the frequency is 100kHz, the initial phase is 0°, and the waveform is a square wave; AC power supply V ac2 The parameter – amplitude V ac2 100V, 100kHz frequency, 0° initial phase, square wave waveform; k a12 =0. (c) Case 3: AC power supply V ac1 The parameter – amplitude V ac1 The voltage is 100V, the frequency is 100kHz, the initial phase is 0°, and the waveform is a square wave; AC power supply V ac2 The parameter – amplitude V ac2 120V, 100kHz frequency, 0° initial phase, square wave waveform; k a12 =-1.

[0120] Therefore, the output voltage regulation method applicable to Embodiment 2 includes any combination of the following steps:

[0121] Step 1: Change the AC power supply V ac1 The parameters include amplitude, frequency, phase, and waveform;

[0122] Step 2: Change the AC power supply V ac2 The parameters include amplitude, frequency, phase, and waveform;

[0123] Step 3: Change L a1 The inductance value;

[0124] Step 4: Change L a2 The inductance value;

[0125] Step 5: Change L a1 and L a2 The coupling relationship, including the coupling coefficient.

[0126] Example 3

[0127] refer to Figure 5 This embodiment provides an AC-DC circuit, including capacitor C. b1 Capacitor C b2 Diode D b1 Diode D b2 Diode D b3 Diode D b4 Inductor L b1 Inductor L b2 and inductor L b3 .

[0128] Capacitor C b1 With AC power v ac1 They are connected in series, forming a series branch between the first capacitor and the AC power supply; capacitor C b2 With AC power v ac2 They are connected in series to form a second capacitor and an AC power supply in series branch.

[0129] Diode D b1 The anode is connected to one end of the first capacitor and the AC power supply in series, and its cathode is connected to the inductor L. b1 One end is connected; diode D b2 With inductor L b2 The diode and inductor are connected in series to form the first diode and inductor series branch, diode D b2 The cathode of diode D is connected to one end of the series branch of the first diode and the inductor; b3 The anode is connected to one end of the second capacitor and the AC power supply in series, and its cathode is connected to the inductor L. b1 One end is connected; diode Db4 With inductor L b3 The diode and inductor are connected in series to form a second diode and inductor series branch, with diode D... b4 The cathode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor.

[0130] Inductor L b1 The other end is simultaneously connected to the output capacitor C o One end of the circuit is connected to one end of the load; one end of the series branch of the first diode and the inductor is connected to one end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply, and the other end is simultaneously connected to the output capacitor C. o The other end is connected to the other end of the load; one end of the second diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the second capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and its other end is simultaneously connected to the output capacitor C. o The other end is connected to the other end of the load; the other end of the first capacitor and the AC power supply series branch, and the other end of the second capacitor and the AC power supply series branch are both connected to the output capacitor C. o The other end is connected to the other end of the load.

[0131] Inductor L b1 Inductor L b2 and inductor L b3 There may be partial or complete coupling, including: inductor L b1 The current input terminal and inductor L b2 The current input terminal is the same as the input terminal, and the coupling coefficient k b12 The value range is -1 to 1; or, the inductance L b1 The current input terminal and inductor L b3 The current input terminal is the same as the input terminal, and the coupling coefficient k b13 The value range is -1 to 1; or, the inductance L b2 The current input terminal and inductor L b3 The current input terminal is the same as the input terminal, and the coupling coefficient k b23 The value range is -1 to 1; or, the inductance L b1 The current input terminal, inductor L b2 The current input terminal and inductor L b3 The current input terminal is the same as the input terminal, and the coupling coefficient k b123 The value range is 0 to 1; or, the inductance L b1 The current input terminal, inductor L b2 The current output terminal and inductor L b3 The current output terminal is the same as the terminal, and the coupling coefficient k b123 The value of ' ranges from 0 to 1.

[0132] For simplicity, assume the AC power supply v ac1 and v ac2Both are square wave AC power supplies, with the same frequency but opposite phase, and amplitudes of V respectively. ac1 and V ac2 And they are equal; output capacitor C o Large enough, output voltage V o The ripple is negligible; capacitor C b1 and C b2 Large enough, capacitor voltage v Cb1 and v Cb2 The ripple is negligible; D b1 D b2 D b3 and D b4 All are ideal devices; L b1 L b2 and L b3 The inductance values ​​are equal.

[0133] Take k b123 =1, coupling inductance L b1 Approximately a constant current source, C o Removable, coupling inductor L b2 and L b3 In continuous current mode, the output of Example 3 achieves voltage multiplication (i.e., V). o =2V ac1 =2V ac2 Its steady-state operating process can be divided into the following two stages:

[0134] (a)v ac1 The voltage is V ac1 v ac2 The voltage is -V ac2 And V ac1 =V ac2

[0135] D b1 and D b4 Conduction, D b2 and D b3 As of now, v ac1 C b1 D b1 L b1 C o Together with the load, they form a loop, C b1 Release energy; L b3 D b4 C b2 v ac2 Forming another loop, C b2 Energy storage.

[0136] (b)v ac1 The voltage is -V ac1 v ac2 The voltage is V ac2 And Vac1 =V ac2

[0137] D b1 and D b4 As of the deadline, D b2 and D b3 On, L b2 D b2 C b1 v ac1 Forming a loop, C b1 Energy storage; v ac2 C b2 D b3 L b1 C o Together with the load, they form another loop, C b2 Release energy.

[0138] In fact, L b1 L b2 and L b3 The coupling relationship (including the coupling coefficient), L b1 L b2 and L b3 Inductance value and v ac1 and v ac2 The parameters (such as amplitude, frequency, phase, waveform, etc.) all affect the output voltage of Example 3. The corresponding steady-state operating process (including v...) ac1 and v ac2 (In cases where there is electrical energy interaction), those skilled in the art can refer to the above for their own analysis, and will not elaborate further.

[0139] For example: Take L b1 =L b2 =L b3 =100μH, C b1 =C b2 =10μF, C o =10μF, load is 100Ω. Figure 6 The output voltage block diagrams for Example 3 are given in the following three cases. (a) Case 1: AC power supply V ac1 The parameter – amplitude V ac1 The voltage is 100V, the frequency is 100kHz, the initial phase is 0°, and the waveform is a square wave; AC power supply V ac2 The parameter – amplitude V ac2 100V, 100kHz frequency, 180° initial phase, square wave waveform; k b123 =1. (b) Case 2: AC power supply v ac1 The parameter – amplitude V ac1The voltage is 100V, the frequency is 100kHz, the initial phase is 0°, and the waveform is a square wave; AC power supply V ac2 The parameter – amplitude V ac2 100V, 100kHz frequency, 0° initial phase, square wave waveform; k b23 =-1. (c) Case 3: AC power supply v ac1 The parameter – amplitude V ac1 The voltage is 100V, the frequency is 100kHz, the initial phase is 0°, and the waveform is a square wave; AC power supply V ac2 The parameter – amplitude V ac2 120V, 100kHz frequency, 0° initial phase, square wave waveform; k b123 =1.

[0140] Therefore, the output voltage regulation method applicable to Embodiment 3 includes any combination of the following steps:

[0141] Step 1: Change the AC power supply V ac1 The parameters include amplitude, frequency, phase, and waveform;

[0142] Step 2: Change the AC power supply V ac2 The parameters include amplitude, frequency, phase, and waveform;

[0143] Step 3: Change L b1 The inductance value;

[0144] Step 4: Change L b2 The inductance value;

[0145] Step 5: Change L b3 The inductance value;

[0146] Step 6: Change L b1 L b2 and L b3 The coupling relationship, including the coupling coefficient.

[0147] Example 4

[0148] refer to Figure 7 This embodiment provides an AC-DC circuit, including capacitor C. c1 Capacitor C c2 Diode D c1 Diode D c2 Diode D c3 Diode D c4 Inductor L c1 Inductor L c2 and inductor L c3 .

[0149] Capacitor C c1 With AC power v ac1 They are connected in series, forming a series branch between the first capacitor and the AC power supply; capacitor C c2 With AC power v ac2 They are connected in series to form a second capacitor and an AC power supply in series branch.

[0150] Diode D c1 With inductor L c1 The diode and inductor are connected in series to form the first diode and inductor series branch, diode D c1 The anode of diode D is connected to one end of the series branch of the first diode and the inductor; c2 anode and inductor L c2 The other end is connected, and its cathode is connected to one end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply; diode D c3 With inductor L c3 The diode and inductor are connected in series to form a second diode and inductor series branch, with diode D... c3 The anode of diode D is connected to one end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor; c4 The cathode is connected to one end of the second capacitor and the AC power supply in series, and its anode is connected to the inductor L. c2 The other end is connected.

[0151] One end of the first diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the first capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and the other end is simultaneously connected to the output capacitor C. o One end of the inductor L is connected to one end of the load; c2 One end is simultaneously connected to the output capacitor C o The other end is connected to the other end of the load; one end of the second diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the second capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and its other end is simultaneously connected to the output capacitor C. o One end of the capacitor is connected to one end of the load; the other end of the first capacitor and the AC power supply series branch, and the other end of the second capacitor and the AC power supply series branch, are both connected to the output capacitor C. o The other end is connected to the other end of the load.

[0152] Inductor L c1 Inductor L c2 and inductor L c3 There may be partial or complete coupling, including: inductor L c1 The current input terminal and inductor L c2 The current input terminals are of the same name, and the coupling coefficient k c12 The value range is -1 to 1; or, the inductance L c3 Current input terminal and inductor L c2 The current input terminals are of the same name, and the coupling coefficient k c23The value range is -1 to 1; or, the inductance L c1 The current input terminal and inductor L c3 The current input terminal is the same as the input terminal, and the coupling coefficient k c13 The value range is -1 to 1; or, the inductance L c1 The current input terminal, inductor L c2 The current input terminal and inductor L c3 The current input terminal is the same as the input terminal, and the coupling coefficient k c123 The value range is 0 to 1; or, the inductance L c1 The current input terminal, inductor L c2 The current output terminal and inductor L c3 The current input terminal is the same as the input terminal, and the coupling coefficient k c123 The value of ' ranges from 0 to 1.

[0153] For simplicity, assume the AC power supply v ac1 and v ac2 Both are square wave AC power supplies, with the same frequency but opposite phase, and amplitudes of V respectively. ac1 and V ac2 And they are equal; output capacitor C o Large enough, output voltage V o The ripple is negligible; capacitor C c1 and C c2 Large enough, capacitor voltage v Cc1 and v Cc2 The ripple is negligible; D c1 D c2 D c3 and D c4 All are ideal devices; L c1 L c2 and L c3 The inductance values ​​are equal.

[0154] Take k c123 =1, coupling inductance L c2 Approximately a constant current source, C o Removable, coupling inductor L c1 and L c3 In continuous current mode, the output of Example 4 achieves voltage multiplication (i.e., V). o =2V ac1 =2V ac2 Its steady-state operating process can be divided into the following two stages:

[0155] (a)v ac1 The voltage is V ac1 v ac2 The voltage is -V ac2 And V ac1 =V ac2

[0156] D c1 and D c4 Conduction, D c2 and D c3 As of now, v ac1 C c1 D c1 L c1 C o Together with the load, they form a loop, C c1 Release energy; L c2 D c4 C c2 v ac2 Forming another loop, C c2 Energy storage.

[0157] (b)v ac1 The voltage is -V ac1 v ac2 The voltage is V ac2 And V ac1 =V ac2

[0158] D c1 and D c4 As of the deadline, D c2 and D c3 On, L c2 D c2 C c1 v ac1 Forming a loop, C c1 Energy storage; v ac2 C c2 D c3 L c3 C o Together with the load, they form another loop, C c2 Release energy.

[0159] In fact, L c1 L c2 and L c3 The coupling relationship (including the coupling coefficient), L c1 L c2 and L c3 Inductance value and v ac1 and v ac2 The parameters (such as amplitude, frequency, phase, waveform, etc.) all affect the output voltage of Example 4. The corresponding steady-state operating process (including v...) ac1 and v ac2 (In cases where there is electrical energy interaction), those skilled in the art can refer to the above for their own analysis, and will not elaborate further.

[0160] For example: Take L c1 =Lc2 =L c3 =100μH, C c1 =C c2 =10μF, C o =10μF, load is 100Ω. Figure 8 The output voltage block diagrams for Example 4 are given in the following three cases. (a) Case 1: AC power supply V ac1 The parameter – amplitude V ac1 The voltage is 100V, the frequency is 100kHz, the initial phase is 0°, and the waveform is a square wave; AC power supply V ac2 The parameter – amplitude V ac2 100V, 100kHz frequency, 180° initial phase, square wave waveform; k c123 =1. (b) Case 2: AC power supply v ac1 The parameter – amplitude V ac1 The voltage is 100V, the frequency is 100kHz, the initial phase is 0°, and the waveform is a square wave; AC power supply V ac2 The parameter – amplitude V ac2 100V, 100kHz frequency, 180° initial phase, square wave waveform; k c13 =-1. (c) Case 3: AC power supply v ac1 The parameter – amplitude V ac1 The voltage is 100V, the frequency is 100kHz, the initial phase is 0°, and the waveform is a square wave; AC power supply V ac2 The parameter – amplitude V ac2 120V, 100kHz frequency, 0° initial phase, square wave waveform; k c123 =1.

[0161] Therefore, the output voltage regulation method applicable to Embodiment 4 includes any combination of the following steps:

[0162] Step 1: Change the AC power supply V ac1 The parameters include amplitude, frequency, phase, and waveform;

[0163] Step 2: Change the AC power supply V ac2 The parameters include amplitude, frequency, phase, and waveform;

[0164] Step 3: Change L c1 The inductance value;

[0165] Step 4: Change L c2 The inductance value;

[0166] Step 5: Change L c3 The inductance value;

[0167] Step 6: Change L c1 L c2 and L c3 The coupling relationship, including the coupling coefficient.

[0168] Although diodes are used for rectification or freewheeling in the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that the diodes can also be replaced by controllable switching devices (e.g., synchronous rectifier MOSFETs). Furthermore, the AC power supply in the foregoing embodiments can be an AC-AC, DC-AC, or other (bidirectional) power (electronic) device with AC output. Moreover, the AC power supply can be multiple independent or a single shared power supply. These variations do not exceed the scope of protection of this invention. The embodiments described in this specification are merely examples of implementations of the inventive concept; the scope of protection of this invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments. The scope of protection of this invention also extends to equivalent technical means that those skilled in the art can conceive of based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. An AC-DC circuit, characterized in that, It includes 1 capacitor, 2 diodes, and 2 inductors, wherein: The capacitor is connected in series with the AC power supply to form a series branch of the capacitor and the AC power supply. The first diode is connected in series with the first inductor to form a first diode and inductor series branch. The anode of the first diode is connected to one end of the first diode and inductor series branch, or the cathode of the first diode is connected to the other end of the first diode and inductor series branch. The second diode is connected in series with the second inductor to form a series branch of the second diode and the inductor. The cathode of the second diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor, or the anode of the second diode is connected to the other end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor. One end of the first diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and the other end is connected to one end of the output capacitor and one end of the load. One end of the second diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and its other end is simultaneously connected to the other end of the output capacitor, the other end of the load, and the other end of the capacitor and AC power supply series branch.

2. An AC-DC circuit, characterized in that, It includes 2 capacitors, 4 diodes, and 2 inductors, among which: The first capacitor is connected in series with the first AC power supply to form a series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply. The second capacitor is connected in series with the second AC power supply to form a series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply. The anode of the first diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply, and its cathode is connected to one end of the first inductor. The anode of the second diode is connected to the other end of the second inductor, and its cathode is connected to one end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply. The anode of the third diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply, and its cathode is connected to one end of the first inductor. The cathode of the fourth diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply, and its anode is connected to the other end of the second inductor. The other end of the first inductor is connected to both one end of the output capacitor and one end of the load. One end of the second inductor is simultaneously connected to the other end of the output capacitor, the other end of the load, the other end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply, and the other end of the series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply.

3. An AC-DC circuit, characterized in that, It includes 2 capacitors, 4 diodes, and 3 inductors, among which: The first capacitor is connected in series with the first AC power supply to form a series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply. The second capacitor is connected in series with the second AC power supply to form a series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply. The anode of the first diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply, and its cathode is connected to one end of the first inductor. The second diode is connected in series with the second inductor to form a series branch of the first diode and the inductor. The cathode of the second diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the first diode and the inductor, or the anode of the second diode is connected to the other end of the series branch of the first diode and the inductor. The anode of the third diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply, and its cathode is connected to one end of the first inductor. The fourth diode is connected in series with the third inductor to form a series branch of the second diode and the inductor. The cathode of the fourth diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor, or the anode of the fourth diode is connected to the other end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor. The other end of the first inductor is connected to both one end of the output capacitor and one end of the load. One end of the first diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the first capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and its other end is simultaneously connected to the other end of the output capacitor and the other end of the load. One end of the second diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the second capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and its other end is simultaneously connected to the other end of the output capacitor and the other end of the load. The other end of the first capacitor and the AC power supply series branch, and the other end of the second capacitor and the AC power supply series branch, are both connected to the other end of the output capacitor and the other end of the load.

4. An AC-DC circuit, characterized in that, It includes 2 capacitors, 4 diodes, and 3 inductors, among which: The first capacitor is connected in series with the first AC power supply to form a series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply. The second capacitor is connected in series with the second AC power supply to form a series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply. The first diode is connected in series with the first inductor to form a first diode and inductor series branch. The anode of the first diode is connected to one end of the first diode and inductor series branch, or the cathode of the first diode is connected to the other end of the first diode and inductor series branch. The anode of the second diode is connected to the other end of the second inductor, and its cathode is connected to one end of the series branch of the first capacitor and the AC power supply. The third diode is connected in series with the third inductor to form a series branch of the second diode and the inductor. The anode of the third diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor, or the cathode of the third diode is connected to the other end of the series branch of the second diode and the inductor. The cathode of the fourth diode is connected to one end of the series branch of the second capacitor and the AC power supply, and its anode is connected to the other end of the second inductor. One end of the first diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the first capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and the other end is connected to one end of the output capacitor and one end of the load. One end of the second inductor is connected to both the other end of the output capacitor and the other end of the load. One end of the second diode and inductor series branch is connected to one end of the second capacitor and AC power supply series branch, and the other end is connected to one end of the output capacitor and one end of the load. The other end of the first capacitor and the AC power supply series branch, and the other end of the second capacitor and the AC power supply series branch, are both connected to the other end of the output capacitor and the other end of the load.

5. The AC-DC circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Some or all of the inductors are coupled.

6. The AC-DC circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Some or all of the diodes are replaced by controllable switching devices.

7. The AC-DC circuit as described in any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The first AC power supply and the second AC power supply are the same AC power supply.

8. A method for regulating the output voltage of an AC-DC circuit suitable for any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes any combination of the following steps: Step 1: Change some or all of the AC power supply parameters; Step 2: Change the inductance value of some or all of the inductors; Step 3: Change the coupling relationship of some or all of the inductors.

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