A software-defined radio-based integrated jamming and monitoring ultrashort wave tactical radio station

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated VHF tactical radio based on software-defined radio (SDR), belonging to the field of VHF tactical communication and electronic warfare. It utilizes an AD9361 RF transceiver and a Zynq-7020 SoC chip to construct an SDR hardware platform, supporting full-band signal processing from 30MHz to 1000MHz. The system integrates three major functional modules: communication, reconnaissance, and jamming. The communication software supports AM / FM analog and BPSK / 16QAM digital communication with a hopping rate of up to 1000 hops / second. The reconnaissance software achieves 1GHz / s spectrum scanning through an FFT algorithm, combined with a machine learning model to achieve an identification accuracy of over 95%. The jamming software supports three modes: fixed-frequency suppression, frequency sweeping jamming, and forwarding deception, and possesses 100% friendly signal evasion capability. This invention achieves 20ms periodic spectrum monitoring, automatic identification of friend or foe signals, adaptive selection of jamming patterns, and intelligent power adjustment, forming a closed-loop control system. The device has a volume ≤2L and a weight ≤3kg, suitable for both vehicle-mounted and individual soldier deployments, significantly improving the overall combat effectiveness of tactical communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of VHF tactical communication and electronic warfare, and in particular to a software-defined radio-based integrated VHF tactical radio for communication, detection, and jamming. Background Technology

[0002] The ultra-shortwave (30–1000 MHz) band is widely used in tactical communications due to its stable propagation characteristics and strong anti-interference capabilities. However, existing ultra-shortwave tactical equipment has significant shortcomings in terms of functional integration, intelligence, and anti-jamming capabilities, mainly in the following three aspects:

[0003] 1. Limited Functionality: Traditional VHF radios only support basic communication functions (such as FM analog modulation) and lack the ability to adapt to anti-jamming communication systems such as frequency hopping and spread spectrum. Reconnaissance and jamming functions require independent equipment to work together, resulting in a large system size and low efficiency. For example, dedicated reconnaissance equipment requires manual frequency band setting, and the full-band scan time exceeds one second, making it unable to effectively track dynamic frequency hopping signals.

[0004] 2. Lagging Spectrum Sensing and Response: Existing reconnaissance equipment mostly uses fixed threshold detection or simple energy detection algorithms, resulting in low accuracy in identifying complex modulated signals and an inability to distinguish between friendly and enemy signals in real time. Jamming equipment lacks intelligent avoidance mechanisms, leading to a probability of accidentally damaging friendly communications exceeding 20%, severely hindering the effectiveness of coordinated operations.

[0005] 3. Rigid Hardware Architecture: Traditional radios are based on dedicated hardware circuit designs with fixed frequency bands and modulation methods, making it difficult to adapt to new electromagnetic countermeasures requirements through software upgrades. Limited RF front-end performance, such as fixed filter bandwidth and low amplifier efficiency, results in poor equipment stability in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0006] The essence of the problem with existing technology lies in:

[0007] 1. Discrete architecture: Communication, reconnaissance, and jamming functions are implemented by independent devices, lacking a unified hardware platform and intelligent scheduling mechanism;

[0008] 2. Algorithm lag: Signal processing relies on traditional digital circuits, which cannot support intelligent algorithms such as machine learning to quickly identify complex signals;

[0009] 3. Insufficient flexibility: Hardware resources cannot be reconfigured as needed, making it difficult to cope with dynamic changes in the electromagnetic environment. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an integrated VHF tactical radio for communication, surveillance, and jamming based on software-defined radio.

[0011] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: The first aspect of this invention provides: a software-defined radio-based integrated communication, detection, and jamming VHF tactical radio, including an SDR module, wherein the SDR module is connected to a radio frequency front-end, and the radio frequency front-end is connected to a multi-scenario antenna unit;

[0012] The SDR module includes an RF transceiver and a programmable system-on-a-chip, used for the transmission, reception and processing of signals across the entire frequency band from 30MHz to 1000MHz;

[0013] The radio frequency front end includes a receiving link and a transmitting link. The receiving link is connected in series with a low-noise amplifier and a 30MHz-1000MHz segmented bandpass filter. The transmitting link is connected in series with a power amplifier and a harmonic filter. The output power of the power amplifier is continuously adjustable in the range of 1W-10W.

[0014] The multi-scenario antenna unit includes various antennas;

[0015] The programmable system-on-a-chip runs functional software modules for intelligent linkage of communication, reconnaissance, and jamming functions, and automatically switches operating modes when triggered by external signals. The functional software modules include communication software, reconnaissance software, and jamming software. The communication software is used for various analog, digital, and frequency-hopping communication. The reconnaissance software uses a fast Fourier transform algorithm to perform spectrum scanning. The jamming software is used for fixed-frequency suppression, frequency-sweeping jamming, and forwarding spoofing.

[0016] Preferably, the radio frequency transceiver is an AD9361 radio frequency transceiver with an instantaneous bandwidth of 56MHz; the programmable system-on-chip is a Zynq-7020 SoC chip.

[0017] Preferably, the noise figure of the low-noise amplifier is less than or equal to 2dB; and the harmonic suppression of the harmonic filter is greater than or equal to 40dB.

[0018] Preferably, the multi-scenario antenna unit includes a soldier-sized folding whip antenna, a vehicle-mounted suction cup antenna, and a directional antenna; the soldier-sized folding whip antenna has a length of 0.8m and a gain of 2dBi; the vehicle-mounted suction cup antenna has a gain of 5dBi and a standing wave ratio of less than or equal to 1.5.

[0019] Preferably, the analog communication includes AM and FM, the digital communication includes BPSK and 16QAM, and the frequency hopping communication has a hopping rate of 1000 hops / second;

[0020] The reconnaissance software has a spectrum scanning speed of 2.8 GHz / s and a frequency resolution of 10 kHz. The reconnaissance software integrates a machine learning recognition model, which has no less than 100,000 training samples and an accuracy rate of no less than 95% in recognizing enemy ultra-shortwave signals.

[0021] Preferably, the interference software has a built-in database of its own signal characteristics, which automatically compares the own communication frequency band before interference and avoids the own communication frequency band 100%; the frequency sweeping interference has a sweeping speed of 10MHz / s, and the delay of the forwarding spoofing interference is less than or equal to 1μs.

[0022] The second aspect of this invention provides: a method for operating an ultra-shortwave tactical radio, implemented based on any of the above-mentioned software-defined radio-based integrated communication, surveillance, and jamming ultra-shortwave tactical radios, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: After the radio is started, it loads the communication parameters corresponding to the vehicle-mounted or individual soldier scenario;

[0024] Step 2: The reconnaissance software scans the 30MHz-1000MHz spectrum at a period of 20ms, and after capturing unknown signals, extracts frequency, hopping rate and modulation mode characteristics;

[0025] Step 3: Compare the extracted features with the friendly signal feature database. If it is determined to be an enemy signal, use communication software to switch to the backup frequency hopping channel. At the same time, the jamming software selects the corresponding jamming pattern according to the type of enemy signal.

[0026] Step 4: Monitor the enemy signal strength in real time during the jamming process. If the enemy signal strength drops below -80dBm, stop the jamming and restore the original communication channel. If the target is not met, iteratively optimize the jamming parameters and continue jamming.

[0027] Preferably, in step 3, when the enemy signal is a frequency-hopping data link, the jamming software selects a frequency-hopping tracking jamming pattern, and the tracking hopping speed is synchronized with the enemy signal hopping speed.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] 1) This invention breaks through the limitations of traditional single-function equipment by adopting an SDR hardware and software collaborative architecture. The intelligent linkage mechanism reduces the signal recognition and interference response time to the millisecond level, greatly improving the system's combat efficiency and realizing the integrated function of communication, reconnaissance, and jamming.

[0030] 2) This invention achieves 100% friendly force communication avoidance through a built-in machine learning recognition model (accuracy ≥ 95%) and a friendly signal feature library. It supports adaptive selection of three interference styles, forming an intelligent closed-loop control of "detection-recognition-interference-evaluation".

[0031] 3) This invention achieves a reconnaissance scanning speed of 1 GHz / s by combining full-band (30 MHz-1000 MHz) coverage with a 56 MHz instantaneous bandwidth. Frequency hopping communication (1000 hops / second) and rapid jamming (delay ≤ 1 μs) ensure technical advantages in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0032] 4) Multi-scenario adaptable design (individual soldier / vehicle-mounted): Balancing portability and performance requirements, with a volume ≤2L and weight ≤3kg. Intelligent power control (1-10W adjustable) and threshold triggering mechanism (-80dBm) ensure a balance between combat effectiveness and energy saving. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a system principle block diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] See Figures 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: a software-defined radio integrated communication, detection and jamming VHF tactical radio, including an SDR module, wherein the SDR module is connected to a radio frequency front-end, and the radio frequency front-end is connected to a multi-scenario antenna unit;

[0037] The SDR module includes an RF transceiver and a programmable system-on-a-chip, used for the transmission, reception and processing of signals across the entire frequency band from 30MHz to 1000MHz;

[0038] The radio frequency front end includes a receiving link and a transmitting link. The receiving link is connected in series with a low-noise amplifier and a 30MHz-1000MHz segmented bandpass filter. The transmitting link is connected in series with a power amplifier and a harmonic filter. The output power of the power amplifier is continuously adjustable in the range of 1W-10W.

[0039] The multi-scenario antenna unit includes various antennas;

[0040] The programmable system-on-a-chip runs functional software modules for intelligent linkage of communication, reconnaissance, and jamming functions, and automatically switches operating modes when triggered by external signals. The functional software modules include communication software, reconnaissance software, and jamming software. The communication software is used for various analog, digital, and frequency-hopping communication. The reconnaissance software uses a fast Fourier transform algorithm to perform spectrum scanning. The jamming software is used for fixed-frequency suppression, frequency-sweeping jamming, and forwarding spoofing.

[0041] In this embodiment, the SDR module hardware configuration is as follows: it adopts an integrated solution of AD9361 RF transceiver and Zynq-7020 SoC chip; AD9361 realizes RF signal transmission and reception in the 30MHz-1000MHz frequency band with an instantaneous bandwidth of 56MHz; Zynq-7020 SoC runs a Linux system through the PS end and realizes digital signal processing acceleration through the PL end; the two chips are connected through the FMC interface to ensure high-speed data interaction.

[0042] RF front-end design: Receiver link: Low-noise amplifier (noise figure ≤2dB) connected to segmented bandpass filters, filter bank covering three sub-bands: 30-100MHz, 100-400MHz, and 400-1000MHz; Transmitter link: Power amplifier using GaN technology, output power continuously adjustable from 1-10W, harmonic filter using LC cavity structure, harmonic suppression ≥40dB; RF switch using PIN diode design, switching time ≤10μs.

[0043] Antenna unit adaptation scheme: Individual soldier scenario: Use a 0.8m folded whip antenna with a matching network loaded at the bottom, gain 2dBi; Vehicle scenario: Use a magnetic suction cup antenna with a spiral radiator, gain 5dBi, VSWR ≤1.5; The antenna port is equipped with lightning protection and ESD protection circuits.

[0044] In some embodiments, the radio frequency transceiver is an AD9361 radio frequency transceiver with an instantaneous bandwidth of 56MHz; the programmable system-on-chip is a Zynq-7020 SoC chip.

[0045] In some embodiments, the noise figure of the low-noise amplifier is less than or equal to 2dB; and the harmonic suppression of the harmonic filter is greater than or equal to 40dB.

[0046] In some embodiments, the multi-scenario antenna unit includes a soldier-sized folding whip antenna, a vehicle-mounted suction cup antenna, and a directional antenna; the soldier-sized folding whip antenna has a length of 0.8m and a gain of 2dBi; the vehicle-mounted suction cup antenna has a gain of 5dBi and a standing wave ratio of less than or equal to 1.5.

[0047] In some embodiments, the analog communication includes AM and FM, the digital communication includes BPSK and 16QAM, and the frequency hopping communication has a hopping rate of 1000 hops / second.

[0048] The reconnaissance software has a spectrum scanning speed of 2.8 GHz / s and a frequency resolution of 10 kHz. The reconnaissance software integrates a machine learning recognition model, which has no less than 100,000 training samples and an accuracy rate of no less than 95% in recognizing enemy ultra-shortwave signals.

[0049] In some embodiments, the jamming software has a built-in database of its own signal characteristics, which automatically compares the own communication frequency band before jamming and avoids the own communication frequency band 100%; the frequency sweeping jamming has a sweeping speed of 10MHz / s, and the delay of the forwarding spoofing jamming is less than or equal to 1μs.

[0050] The second aspect of this invention provides: a method for operating an ultra-shortwave tactical radio, implemented based on any of the above-mentioned software-defined radio-based integrated communication, surveillance, and jamming ultra-shortwave tactical radios, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: After the radio is started, it loads the communication parameters corresponding to the vehicle-mounted or individual soldier scenario;

[0052] Step 2: The reconnaissance software scans the 30MHz-1000MHz spectrum at a period of 20ms, and after capturing unknown signals, extracts frequency, hopping rate and modulation mode characteristics;

[0053] Step 3: Compare the extracted features with the friendly signal feature database. If it is determined to be an enemy signal, use communication software to switch to the backup frequency hopping channel. At the same time, the jamming software selects the corresponding jamming pattern according to the type of enemy signal.

[0054] Step 4: Monitor the enemy signal strength in real time during the jamming process. If the enemy signal strength drops below -80dBm, stop the jamming and restore the original communication channel. If the target is not met, iteratively optimize the jamming parameters and continue jamming.

[0055] In this embodiment, the operation includes the following stages: Initialization stage: After the system is powered on, it automatically detects the working scene (identifies the motion state through the accelerometer); loads the corresponding configuration file: low power consumption parameters are used in the individual soldier mode, and high performance configuration is enabled in the vehicle mode; the communication software initializes the frequency hopping pattern, and the reconnaissance software establishes the spectrum baseline database.

[0056] Signal detection and identification stage: The reconnaissance software performs an FFT operation (4096 points) every 20ms, with a scanning speed of 1GHz / s. After detecting an unknown signal, the following feature parameters are extracted: carrier frequency (accuracy ±1kHz), modulation type (identified by cyclic spectrum features), and frequency hopping pattern (obtained through time series analysis). The machine learning model is trained based on 100,000 samples, and the input feature vector has a dimension of 256.

[0057] Intelligent decision-making and jamming phase: After comparing with the friendly signal feature library (using cosine similarity algorithm, threshold set to 0.9), if it is determined to be an enemy signal, the communication software switches to the backup channel within 5ms; jamming style selection strategy: fixed frequency suppression: for fixed frequency communication signals; frequency sweep jamming: frequency sweeping speed 10MHz / s, suitable for broadband signals; forwarding spoofing: delay ≤1μs, used to counter frequency hopping signals.

[0058] In some embodiments, in step 3, when the enemy signal is a frequency-hopping data link, the jamming software selects a frequency-hopping tracking jamming pattern, and the tracking hopping speed is synchronized with the enemy signal hopping speed.

[0059] The following is an example: The vehicle-mounted radio moves with the armored vehicle, using frequency-hopping digital communication (300-400MHz, hopping rate 500 hops / second); the reconnaissance software captures the enemy's ultra-shortwave frequency-hopping signal (350-380MHz, hopping rate 800 hops / second), identifying it as the enemy's command data link within 1ms; the communication software automatically switches to the 400-500MHz backup frequency-hopping channel; the jamming software initiates frequency-hopping tracking jamming (hopping rate 800 hops / second, power 10W), and after 3 seconds, the enemy's signal strength drops from -50dBm to -90dBm; after stopping the jamming, the communication software restores the original channel, with a bit error rate of 0.2%.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A software-defined radio-based integrated communication, surveillance, and jamming VHF tactical radio, characterized in that: Includes an SDR module, which is connected to a radio frequency front-end, and the radio frequency front-end is connected to a multi-scenario antenna unit; The SDR module includes an RF transceiver and a programmable system-on-a-chip, used for the transmission, reception and processing of signals across the entire frequency band from 30MHz to 1000MHz; The radio frequency front end includes a receiving link and a transmitting link. The receiving link is connected in series with a low-noise amplifier and a 30MHz-1000MHz segmented bandpass filter. The transmitting link is connected in series with a power amplifier and a harmonic filter. The output power of the power amplifier is continuously adjustable in the range of 1W-10W. The multi-scenario antenna unit includes various antennas; The programmable system-on-a-chip runs functional software modules for intelligent linkage of communication, reconnaissance, and jamming functions, and automatically switches operating modes when triggered by external signals. The functional software modules include communication software, reconnaissance software, and jamming software. The communication software is used for various analog, digital, and frequency-hopping communication methods. The reconnaissance software integrates a machine learning recognition model and uses a fast Fourier transform algorithm to achieve spectrum scanning. The jamming software is used for fixed-frequency suppression, frequency-sweeping jamming, and forwarding spoofing. The jamming software has a built-in database of its own signal characteristics. Before jamming, it automatically compares the signal with its own communication frequency band and avoids the signal with 100% accuracy. The radio station operates by including the following steps: Step 1: After the radio is started, it loads the communication parameters corresponding to the vehicle-mounted or individual soldier scenario; Step 2: The reconnaissance software scans the 30MHz-1000MHz spectrum at a period of 20ms, and after capturing unknown signals, extracts frequency, hopping rate and modulation mode characteristics; Step 3: Compare the extracted features with the friendly signal feature database. If it is determined to be an enemy signal, use communication software to switch to the backup frequency hopping channel. At the same time, the jamming software selects the corresponding jamming pattern according to the type of enemy signal. Step 4: Monitor the enemy signal strength in real time during the jamming process. If the enemy signal strength drops below -80dBm, stop the jamming and restore the original communication channel. If the target is not met, iteratively optimize the jamming parameters and continue jamming.

2. The integrated communication, detection, and jamming VHF tactical radio based on software-defined radio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency transceiver is an AD9361 radio frequency transceiver with an instantaneous bandwidth of 56MHz; the programmable system-on-chip is a Zynq-7020 SoC chip.

3. The integrated communication, detection, and jamming VHF tactical radio based on software-defined radio as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The noise figure of the low-noise amplifier is less than or equal to 2dB; the harmonic suppression of the harmonic filter is greater than or equal to 40dB.

4. The integrated communication, detection, and jamming VHF tactical radio based on software-defined radio as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-scenario antenna unit includes a soldier-mounted folding whip antenna, a vehicle-mounted suction cup antenna, and a directional antenna; the soldier-mounted folding whip antenna has a length of 0.8m and a gain of 2dBi; the vehicle-mounted suction cup antenna has a gain of 5dBi and a standing wave ratio of less than or equal to 1.

5.

5. The integrated communication, detection, and jamming VHF tactical radio based on software-defined radio as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The analog communication includes AM and FM, the digital communication includes BPSK and 16QAM, and the frequency hopping communication has a hopping rate of 1000 hops / second; The reconnaissance software has a spectrum scanning speed of 2.8 GHz / s and a frequency resolution of 10 kHz; the machine learning recognition model has no less than 100,000 training samples and an accuracy rate of no less than 95% in recognizing enemy ultra-shortwave signals.

6. The integrated communication, detection, and jamming VHF tactical radio based on software-defined radio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency sweeping interference has a sweeping speed of 10MHz / s, and the delay of the forwarding spoofing interference is less than or equal to 1μs.

7. The integrated communication, surveillance, and jamming VHF tactical radio based on software-defined radio according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, when the enemy signal is a frequency-hopping data link, the jamming software selects a frequency-hopping tracking jamming pattern, and the tracking hopping speed is synchronized with the enemy signal hopping speed.

Images