Device and method for measuring real-time analysis bandwidth of broadband real-time signal analyzer

Abstract

The invention provides a device and method for measuring the real-time analysis bandwidth of a broadband real-time signal analyzer, and the device comprises a broadband signal generation device and a broadband sampling oscilloscope, and the broadband sampling oscilloscope is used for calibrating a broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal generated by the broadband signal generation device. Measuring the real-time analysis bandwidth of the broadband real-time signal analyzer according to the standard signal; the method comprises the following steps: generating waveform data of a multi-sine pulse signal by using a control machine, uploading the waveform data to a baseband signal generation module to generate a multi-sine pulse modulation signal, converting the multi-sine pulse modulation signal to a measurement frequency band through an up-converter, and calibrating the formed broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal by using a broadband sampling oscilloscope, and then the real-time analysis bandwidth and in-band frequency response of the broadband real-time signal analyzer are measured. The real-time analysis bandwidth of the measured equipment can be obtained only through one-time measurement, so that the measurement times are reduced, the real-time performance is enhanced, and the measurement result is more reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of broadband real-time signal analysis and measurement technology, and in particular to an apparatus and method for real-time analysis and measurement of bandwidth in a broadband real-time signal analyzer. Background Technology

[0002] Wideband real-time signal analyzers are key tools in modern electronic testing, particularly suitable for scenarios requiring the processing of high-speed, wide-spectrum, and complex modulated signals. Their core advantages lie in their wide frequency coverage, large instantaneous analysis bandwidth, high dynamic range, and powerful real-time processing capabilities. They are indispensable tools for the research, design, verification, production testing, and maintenance of highly complex, high-performance RF, microwave, and high-speed digital systems. Especially in cutting-edge fields such as communications, radar, defense electronics, and aerospace, their powerful instantaneous wideband acquisition and analysis capabilities significantly improve testing efficiency and the accuracy of results. Real-time analysis bandwidth is the most important technical indicator for wideband real-time signal analyzers when analyzing signals in the time-frequency domain; it directly reflects the instrument's ability to measure real-time wideband signals.

[0003] Currently, the measurement method for the real-time analysis bandwidth of broadband real-time signal analyzers generally refers to the sweep bandwidth measurement method of spectrum analyzers. The input signal is a continuous wave pulse modulation signal. This method often obtains the measurement result by calculating the difference after two measurements (measuring the upper and lower limits of the bandwidth respectively). The two measurements cannot be performed synchronously. Therefore, the measured result only indicates that the instrument has the nominal analysis bandwidth, but it cannot fully explain the real-time analysis bandwidth capability of the instrument under test. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for real-time analysis of bandwidth of a broadband real-time signal analyzer. The real-time analysis bandwidth of the broadband real-time signal analyzer under test can be obtained through only one measurement, which reduces the number of measurements, enhances real-time performance, and makes the measurement results more reliable.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an apparatus for measuring the real-time analysis bandwidth of a broadband real-time signal analyzer, characterized in that it includes a broadband signal generation device and a broadband sampling oscilloscope, wherein the broadband sampling oscilloscope is used to calibrate the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal generated by the broadband signal generation device into a standard signal, and to measure the real-time analysis bandwidth of the broadband real-time signal analyzer based on the standard signal.

[0007] In one alternative embodiment, the broadband signal generating device includes an up-converter and a power supply module, the power supply module supplying power to the up-converter, the up-converter comprising:

[0008] The clock reference module provides clock reference signals for the baseband signal generation module, control module, first local oscillator module, second local oscillator module, and third local oscillator module;

[0009] The baseband signal generation module is controlled by the control module to generate the required modulated baseband signal;

[0010] After being conditioned by the intermediate frequency module, the baseband signal is mixed with the first local oscillator signal generated by the first local oscillator module in the first mixing module to obtain the first process signal.

[0011] After the first process signal passes through the first rate filter, it is mixed a second time with the second local oscillator signal generated by the second local oscillator module in the second mixing module to obtain the second process signal.

[0012] After the second process signal passes through the second filter, it then passes through the first microwave switching module to obtain the first broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal.

[0013] The first broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal is divided into two paths. One path enters the second microwave switching module and is coupled out after conditioning by the output module. The other path is mixed for the third time with the third local oscillator signal generated by the third local oscillator module in the third mixing module to obtain the second broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal. The second broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal enters the second microwave switching module and is coupled out after conditioning by the output module. The first broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal and the second broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal together constitute the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal.

[0014] In one alternative, the second filter is a switching filter bank, which consists of multiple filters.

[0015] In one alternative approach, the microwave switches in the first microwave switch module and the second microwave switch module are mechanical switches with low switching losses and high isolation.

[0016] In one alternative approach, the output module includes an amplification and programmable gain control module, through which the output power of the signal is adjusted in real time.

[0017] In one alternative approach, the first mixing frequency converts the baseband signal to the L-band to X-band to obtain the first process signal.

[0018] In one alternative approach, the second mixing converts the frequency of the first process signal to the Ku-Q band to obtain the second process signal; the third mixing converts the frequency of the first broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal to the P-K band to obtain the second broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal.

[0019] Secondly, this application provides a method for real-time analysis of bandwidth measurement using a broadband real-time signal analyzer, the method being applied to the apparatus described in any of the above claims, comprising the following steps:

[0020] The controller with waveform editing function generates waveform data of multiple sine pulse signals according to the required frequency coverage and frequency interval.

[0021] The waveform data is uploaded to the baseband signal generation module, and the baseband signal generation module generates a multi-sine pulse modulation signal according to the waveform data;

[0022] The upconverter converts the multi-sine pulse modulation signal to the measurement frequency band, forming the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal for real-time bandwidth measurement.

[0023] The broadband multi-sine modulated signal is used as the standard signal input power divider and then split into two paths. One path uses the broadband sampling oscilloscope to calibrate the broadband multi-sine pulse modulated signal output by the broadband signal generation device into the standard signal. The waveform transformation algorithm is used to calculate the spectral components in the standard signal and record them as a standard spectrum diagram.

[0024] Another path enters the broadband real-time signal analyzer being measured, measures the spectral components of the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal, and records them as a real-time spectrum diagram;

[0025] The control module compares the standard spectrum and the real-time spectrum to obtain the real-time analysis bandwidth and in-band frequency response of the broadband real-time signal analyzer.

[0026] In one alternative approach, the step of using the broadband sampling oscilloscope to calibrate the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal output by the broadband signal generation device into the standard signal, and using a waveform transformation algorithm to calculate the spectral components in the standard signal, specifically includes the following steps:

[0027] The broadband sampling oscilloscope measures the signal waveform;

[0028] The measurement results from the broadband sampling oscilloscope are averaged and denoised.

[0029] Correct the time base error of the broadband sampling oscilloscope;

[0030] Correct the inherent error of the broadband sampling oscilloscope;

[0031] The standard signal is obtained by correcting the damping mismatch between the broadband sampling oscilloscope and the transmission path.

[0032] The spectral components of the standard signal are calculated using FFT.

[0033] In one alternative approach, comparing the standard spectrum and the real-time spectrum to obtain the real-time analysis bandwidth and in-band frequency response of the broadband real-time signal analyzer specifically involves:

[0034] When the nominal real-time bandwidth of the broadband real-time signal analyzer being measured is RTBW0, the standard spectrum of the generated standard signal contains frequency components f1, f2, ..., f... n The frequency components satisfy the following:

[0035] f i+1 -f i =Δf(i=1,2...n-1) (1)

[0036] (n-1)×Δf=RTBW0 (2)

[0037] The real-time spectrum of the broadband multi-sinusoidal pulse modulated signal measured by the real-time signal analyzer contains frequency components f'1, f'2, ..., f', respectively. n The real-time analysis bandwidth of the measured real-time signal analyzer can be obtained as follows:

[0038]

[0039] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0040] This invention provides a method and apparatus for measuring the real-time analysis bandwidth of a broadband real-time signal analyzer. The apparatus includes a broadband signal generation device and a broadband sampling oscilloscope for calibrating a broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal. The broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal is split into two identical signals by a power divider and sent to the broadband sampling oscilloscope and the broadband real-time signal analyzer respectively. The broadband sampling oscilloscope calibrates the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal into a standard signal and measures the standard spectrum. The broadband real-time signal analyzer measures the real-time spectrum of the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal. The two spectrums are compared and processed to obtain the real-time analysis bandwidth and in-band frequency response of the broadband real-time signal analyzer, thereby avoiding the disadvantage of the traditional method that cannot measure the real-time analysis bandwidth at the same time or within the same window.

[0041] Therefore, this invention can obtain the real-time analysis bandwidth of the real-time signal analyzer under test with only one measurement, reducing the number of measurements and avoiding the errors caused by the two measurements required by traditional methods. This makes the measurement process more efficient, enhances real-time performance, reduces measurement time, and makes the measurement results more reliable, truly reflecting the instantaneous processing capability of the broadband real-time signal analyzer within the same time window. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for real-time analysis and measurement of bandwidth in a broadband real-time signal analyzer, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the real-time analysis bandwidth measurement method of the broadband real-time signal analyzer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the standard signal calibration process provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0047] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0049] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are merely used for descriptive distinction and have no special meaning.

[0050] This invention provides a device for measuring the real-time analysis bandwidth of a broadband real-time signal analyzer, comprising a broadband signal generation device and a broadband sampling oscilloscope. The broadband sampling oscilloscope is used to calibrate the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal generated by the broadband signal generation device into a standard signal, and to measure the real-time analysis bandwidth of the broadband real-time signal analyzer based on the standard signal.

[0051] Preferably, such as Figure 1 As shown, the broadband signal generation device includes an up-converter and a power supply module. The power supply module supplies power to the up-converter. The up-converter includes: a baseband signal generation module, an intermediate frequency module, a first mixer module, a first filter, a second mixer module, a second filter, a first microwave switch module, a third mixer module, a second microwave switch module, a control module, a first local oscillator module, a second local oscillator module, a third local oscillator module, a clock reference module, and an output module.

[0052] Specifically, the clock reference module provides clock reference signals to the baseband signal generation module, control module, first local oscillator module, second local oscillator module and third local oscillator module to ensure the synchronization of signals between the modules;

[0053] The baseband signal generation module is controlled by the control module to generate the required modulated baseband signal, which has the required real-time bandwidth.

[0054] After the baseband signal is conditioned by the intermediate frequency module, it is mixed for the first time with the first local oscillator signal generated by the first local oscillator module in the first mixing module to convert the frequency of the baseband signal to the L-band-X-band and obtain the first process signal.

[0055] After the first process signal is filtered out by the first rate filter to remove the high-order noise and local oscillator leakage signal generated by the mixing, it is mixed with the second local oscillator signal generated by the second local oscillator module in the second mixing module to convert the frequency of the first process signal to the Ku-Q band to obtain the second process signal.

[0056] The second process signal is filtered by the second filter to remove the high-order noise and local oscillator leakage signal generated by mixing, and then the first wideband multi-sine pulse modulation signal is obtained by the first microwave switching module; more specifically, since the frequency range of the second local oscillator signal is wide, the second filter is a switching filter bank, which is composed of multiple filters for filtering;

[0057] The first broadband multi-sinusoidal pulse modulation signal is divided into two paths. One path enters the second microwave switching module and is coupled out after conditioning by the output module. The other path is mixed for the third time with the third local oscillator signal generated by the third local oscillator module in the third mixing module, converting the frequency of the first broadband multi-sinusoidal pulse modulation signal to the P-band-Ku-band to obtain the second broadband multi-sinusoidal pulse modulation signal. The second broadband multi-sinusoidal pulse modulation signal enters the second microwave switching module and is coupled out after conditioning by the output module. The first broadband multi-sinusoidal pulse modulation signal and the second broadband multi-sinusoidal pulse modulation signal together constitute the broadband multi-sinusoidal pulse modulation signal.

[0058] More specifically, the output module includes an amplification and programmable gain control module, which adjusts the output power of the signal in real time to adapt to the input requirements of different devices under test.

[0059] Preferably, the microwave switches in the first microwave switch module and the second microwave switch module are mechanical switches with low switching loss and high isolation, thereby ensuring the strength and purity of the signal. At the same time, the disadvantages of slow switching speed and limited lifespan of mechanical switches do not affect the present invention, and can maximize the advantages of mechanical switches.

[0060] The present invention also provides a method for real-time analysis of bandwidth measurement in a broadband real-time signal analyzer, the method being applied to any of the above-mentioned devices, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0061] S1. Use a controller with waveform editing function to generate waveform data of multiple sine pulse signals according to the required frequency coverage and frequency interval;

[0062] S2. Upload the waveform data to the baseband signal generation module, which then generates a multi-sine pulse modulation signal based on the waveform data.

[0063] S3. The upconverter converts the multi-sine pulse modulation signal to the measurement frequency band, forming a broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal for real-time bandwidth measurement.

[0064] S4. After the broadband multi-sine modulation signal is input into the power divider as a standard signal, it is divided into two paths. One path uses a broadband sampling oscilloscope to calibrate the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal output by the broadband signal generation device into the standard signal. The waveform transformation algorithm is used to calculate the spectral components in the standard signal and record them as a standard spectrum diagram.

[0065] S5. Another path enters the broadband real-time signal analyzer being measured, measures the spectral components of the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal, and records them as a real-time spectrum diagram.

[0066] S6. The control module compares and processes the standard spectrum diagram and the real-time spectrum diagram to obtain the real-time analysis bandwidth and in-band frequency response of the broadband real-time signal analyzer.

[0067] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, S4 above specifically includes the following steps:

[0068] S401, Wideband Sampling Oscilloscope for measuring signal waveforms;

[0069] S402. Perform denoising on the measurement results of the broadband sampling oscilloscope;

[0070] S403. Correct the time base error of the broadband sampling oscilloscope;

[0071] S404. Correct the inherent error of the broadband sampling oscilloscope;

[0072] S405. Correct the damping mismatch between the broadband sampling oscilloscope and the transmission path to obtain a standard signal.

[0073] S406. Use FFT to calculate the spectral components of a standard signal.

[0074] Specifically, in S6 above, when the nominal real-time bandwidth of the broadband real-time signal analyzer being measured is RTBW0, the standard spectrum diagram of the generated standard signal contains real-time frequency components f1, f2, ..., f... n The frequency components satisfy the following:

[0075] f i+1 -f i =Δf(i=1,2...n-1) (1)

[0076] (n-1)×Δf=RTBW0 (2)

[0077] The real-time spectrum of the broadband multi-sinusoidal pulse modulated signal measured by the real-time signal analyzer contains frequency components f'1, f'2, ..., f' n The real-time analysis bandwidth of the real-time signal analyzer can be obtained as follows:

[0078]

[0079] This method enables the real-time analysis bandwidth of the real-time signal analyzer under test to be obtained through only one measurement, reducing the number of measurements and avoiding the errors caused by the two measurements required by traditional methods. This makes the measurement process more efficient, enhances real-time performance, reduces measurement time, and makes the measurement results more reliable, truly reflecting the instantaneous processing capability of the broadband real-time signal analyzer within the same time window.

[0080] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0081] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. Apparatus for measuring the real-time analysis bandwidth of a wideband real-time signal analyzer, characterized by, It includes a broadband signal generation device and a broadband sampling oscilloscope. The broadband sampling oscilloscope is used to calibrate the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal generated by the broadband signal generation device into a standard signal, and to measure the real-time analysis bandwidth of the broadband real-time signal analyzer based on the standard signal.

2. The apparatus for measuring real-time analysis bandwidth of a wideband real-time signal analyzer according to claim 1, wherein, The broadband signal generation device includes an up-converter and a power supply module, wherein the power supply module supplies power to the up-converter, and the up-converter includes: The clock reference module provides clock reference signals for the baseband signal generation module, control module, first local oscillator module, second local oscillator module, and third local oscillator module; The baseband signal generation module is controlled by the control module to generate the required modulated baseband signal; After being conditioned by the intermediate frequency module, the baseband signal is mixed with the first local oscillator signal generated by the first local oscillator module in the first mixing module to obtain the first process signal. After the first process signal passes through the first rate filter, it is mixed a second time with the second local oscillator signal generated by the second local oscillator module in the second mixing module to obtain the second process signal. After the second process signal passes through the second filter, it then passes through the first microwave switching module to obtain the first broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal. The first broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal is divided into two paths. One path enters the second microwave switching module and is coupled out after conditioning by the output module. The other path is mixed for the third time with the third local oscillator signal generated by the third local oscillator module in the third mixing module to obtain the second broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal. The second broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal enters the second microwave switching module and is coupled out after conditioning by the output module. The first broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal and the second broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal together constitute the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal.

3. The apparatus for real-time analysis and bandwidth measurement of a broadband real-time signal analyzer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second filter is a switching filter bank, which consists of multiple filters.

4. The apparatus for real-time analysis and bandwidth measurement of a broadband real-time signal analyzer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microwave switches in the first microwave switch module and the second microwave switch module are mechanical switches with low switching loss and high isolation.

5. The apparatus for real-time analysis and bandwidth measurement of a broadband real-time signal analyzer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The output module includes an amplification and programmable gain control module, which adjusts the output power of the signal in real time.

6. The apparatus for real-time analysis and bandwidth measurement of a broadband real-time signal analyzer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first mixing frequency converts the baseband signal to the L-band to X-band to obtain the first process signal.

7. The apparatus for real-time analysis and bandwidth measurement of a broadband real-time signal analyzer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second mixing frequency converts the frequency of the first process signal to the Ku-Q band to obtain the second process signal; the third mixing frequency converts the frequency of the first broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal to the P-K band to obtain the second broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal.

8. A method for real-time analysis and bandwidth measurement in a broadband real-time signal analyzer, wherein the method is applied to the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The controller with waveform editing function generates waveform data of multiple sine pulse signals according to the required frequency coverage and frequency interval. The waveform data is uploaded to the baseband signal generation module, and the baseband signal generation module generates a multi-sine pulse modulation signal according to the waveform data; The upconverter converts the multi-sine pulse modulation signal to the measurement frequency band, forming the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal for real-time bandwidth measurement. The broadband multi-sine modulated signal is used as the standard signal input power divider and then split into two paths. One path uses the broadband sampling oscilloscope to calibrate the broadband multi-sine pulse modulated signal output by the broadband signal generation device into the standard signal. The waveform transformation algorithm is used to calculate the spectral components in the standard signal and record them as a standard spectrum diagram. Another path enters the broadband real-time signal analyzer being measured, measures the spectral components of the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal, and records them as a real-time spectrum diagram; The control module compares the standard spectrum and the real-time spectrum to obtain the real-time analysis bandwidth and in-band frequency response of the broadband real-time signal analyzer.

9. The method for real-time analysis bandwidth measurement in a broadband real-time signal analyzer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The process of using the broadband sampling oscilloscope to calibrate the broadband multi-sine pulse modulation signal output by the broadband signal generation device into the standard signal, and using a waveform transformation algorithm to calculate the spectral components in the standard signal, specifically includes the following steps: The broadband sampling oscilloscope measures the signal waveform; The measurement results from the broadband sampling oscilloscope are averaged and denoised. Correct the time base error of the broadband sampling oscilloscope; Correct the inherent error of the broadband sampling oscilloscope; The standard signal is obtained by correcting the damping mismatch between the broadband sampling oscilloscope and the transmission path. The spectral components of the standard signal are calculated using FFT.

10. The method for real-time analysis bandwidth measurement of a broadband real-time signal analyzer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of comparing the standard spectrum and the real-time spectrum to obtain the real-time analysis bandwidth and in-band frequency response of the broadband real-time signal analyzer specifically involves: When the nominal real-time bandwidth of the wideband real-time signal analyzer being measured is RTBWO, the standard frequency spectrum of the standard signal generated contains frequency components f1, f2,..., f n , which satisfy the following relationship between each frequency component: f i+1 -f i = Δf(i = 1, 2...n-1) (1) (n-1)×Δf=RTBW0 (2) The real-time signal analyzer measures the real-time frequency spectrum of the wideband multi-sine pulse modulation signal, and the frequency components contained in the real-time frequency spectrum are f'1, f'2, …, f' n The real-time analysis bandwidth of the real-time signal analyzer measured by the measured object is: 。

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