Puncture drainage tube fixing device for cardiothoracic surgery department

Abstract

The invention discloses a puncture drainage tube fixing device for the cardiothoracic surgery department, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.The drainage tube fixing device comprises a mechanical arm, a clamping assembly is arranged on the mechanical arm, the clamping assembly can clamp and fix a drainage tube, and any one or two joints of the mechanical arm are provided with force buffering assemblies; the transmission mode of force on the mechanical arm is changed; when the pulling force borne by the drainage tube does not exceed a first threshold value, the mechanical arm is changed from a bent shape to a straight shape; when the change rate of the pulling force borne by the drainage tube exceeds a first threshold value and the pulling force is lower than a second threshold value, the force buffering assembly changes the transmission mode of the mechanical arm force; when the pulling force borne by the drainage tube exceeds a second threshold value, the clamping assembly cancels clamping and fixing of the drainage tube, and the drainage tube can slide relative to the clamping assembly. According to the invention, the mode conversion from passive rigid fixing to active intelligent buffering is realized, and different types of traction are intelligently distinguished and coped with through a three-level response mechanism, so that the safety and the comfort are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, and in particular relates to a fixation device for a thoracic and cardiovascular surgical puncture and drainage tube. Background Technology

[0002] In cardiothoracic surgery, puncture drainage is a crucial postoperative treatment measure used to drain effusion or hemothorax from the pleural cavity or pericardium, preventing infection and compression of the heart or lungs. It is vital for the patient's recovery. Stable fixation of the drainage tube is a prerequisite for ensuring drainage effectiveness and avoiding complications. If the drainage tube is not securely fixed and accidentally slips out, it may lead to serious complications such as pneumothorax, hemothorax, and infection, and may even require a second surgery. Conversely, if the fixation is too tight or too rigid, the drainage tube cannot buffer external force when the patient moves or is accidentally pulled, which can easily cause tearing of the puncture site tissue, increase patient pain, and may even pull the drainage tube out of the ideal position, affecting the drainage effect.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used fixation methods in clinical practice mainly include suture fixation and medical tape fixation. Although suture fixation is relatively firm, it will bring additional puncture pain to patients, pose a risk of needle hole infection, and is inconvenient to remove. Medical tape fixation is easily affected by the patient's sweat and skin oil secretion, which will cause it to lose its adhesiveness and become unstable. Moreover, for patients with special body shapes or areas with high mobility, the fixation effect of tape is often not ideal.

[0004] To overcome the above problems, some drainage tube fixation devices have emerged, such as rigid or semi-rigid splints combined with bandages for fixation. Although these devices improve the reliability of fixation to a certain extent, their buffering capacity is generally insufficient. Most of them adopt a passive rigid fixation strategy and cannot intelligently distinguish between slow changes in body position and sudden accidental traction. When the drainage tube is subjected to a sudden external force impact, these devices will directly transmit the impact force to the patient's puncture point, and cannot effectively dissipate energy, still posing a risk of tissue damage or tube displacement.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a fixation device for thoracic and cardiovascular surgical puncture and drainage tubes to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fixation device for thoracic and cardiovascular surgical puncture and drainage tubes, which has the advantages of responding to traction forces of different intensities and effectively consuming impact energy through a multi-level buffering mechanism, thereby maximizing the protection of patient safety and solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of the cardiothoracic surgery puncture and drainage tube fixation device of the present invention is as follows: A cardiothoracic surgical puncture and drainage tube fixation device includes a robotic arm, multiple joints of which can be bent in different directions and the robotic arm can be bent into different shapes. The robotic arm is provided with a clamping component that can clamp and fix the drainage tube. Any one or two joints of the robotic arm are provided with a force buffer component to change the force transmission mode on the robotic arm. When the drainage tube is slowly pulled and the rate of change of the tension does not exceed the first threshold, the robotic arm changes from a bent position to a straight position to buffer the tension. When the drainage tube is subjected to sudden traction and the rate of change of the tension exceeds the first threshold, the robotic arm changes from a bent shape to a straight shape, and the force buffer component changes the way the robotic arm transmits force, converting the concentrated impact force into a distributed force to consume the impact force. When the drainage tube is subjected to sudden traction and the tension exceeds the second threshold, the clamping component releases the clamping component from the drainage tube, allowing the drainage tube to slide relative to the clamping component. The sliding process consumes the impact force through friction.

[0008] Furthermore, the robotic arm includes multiple support sections, with gripping components mounted on the support sections. Each support section can be bent in different directions relative to adjacent support sections to form multiple joints of the robotic arm.

[0009] Furthermore, a support rod is fixedly connected to one end of the support part, a connecting ball is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod away from the support part, and a ball sleeve is connected to the end of the support part away from the support rod. The connecting ball on each support rod is hinged to the ball sleeve on the adjacent support rod, so that each support part can be bent in different directions relative to the adjacent support part.

[0010] Furthermore, a first gap is provided between the ball sleeve and the connecting ball, and the force buffer assembly fills the first gap between any one or two ball sleeves and the connecting ball.

[0011] Furthermore, a sealing component is provided at the connection between the ball and the ball sleeve to prevent leakage of the force buffer component.

[0012] Furthermore, the force buffer assembly includes a non-Newtonian fluid, which fills the first gap; When the drainage tube is slowly pulled and the rate of change of the tension does not exceed the first threshold, the non-Newtonian fluid remains liquid and has low viscosity, and the non-Newtonian fluid provides damping for the connecting ball and the ball sleeve. When the drainage tube is subjected to sudden traction and the rate of change of the tension exceeds the first threshold, the particles in the non-Newtonian fluid get stuck together. The non-Newtonian fluid is close to solid and has high viscosity. The concentrated impact force is converted into a distributed force to disperse the impact force through the non-Newtonian fluid.

[0013] Furthermore, each support has two clamping components.

[0014] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes two clamping arms, which can move towards or away from the support to clamp or release the drainage tube. When the drainage tube is subjected to a sudden pull and the tension exceeds a second threshold, the two clamping arms move away from each other to release the clamp on the drainage tube, allowing the drainage tube to slide relative to the clamping assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, racks are fixedly connected to both clamping arms, and gears mesh with both racks. The two racks are located at the two ends of the gears, and rotating shafts are fixedly connected to the gears. The rotating shafts are fixedly connected to the output end of the drive assembly, so that when the drive assembly is started, the gears rotate to drive the two racks to move towards each other or away from each other.

[0016] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the support part, and the clamping arm is slidably connected to the groove.

[0017] The present invention has the following advantages: it realizes the transformation from passive rigid fixation to active intelligent buffering, and through a three-level response mechanism, it intelligently distinguishes and responds to different types of tension, which greatly improves safety and comfort. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drainage tube fixing device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the robotic arm of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the robotic arm of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping arm of the present invention; The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Robotic arm; 11. Support part; 12. Support rod; 13. Connecting ball; 14. Ball sleeve; 15. First gap; 2. Fixing clamp; 3. Force buffer assembly; 4. Clamping assembly; 41. Clamping arm; 42. Rack; 43. Gear; 45. Rotating shaft; 46. Slide groove; 5. Drive assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0021] The following is a reference to the appendix. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 5 This invention describes a fixation device for a thoracic and cardiac surgical puncture and drainage tube.

[0022] Currently, most existing drainage tube fixation devices use rigid or semi-rigid splints combined with straps for fixation. While these devices improve the reliability of fixation to some extent, their buffering capacity is generally insufficient. They mostly adopt a passive rigid fixation strategy and cannot intelligently distinguish between slow changes in body position and sudden accidental traction. When the drainage tube is subjected to a sudden external force impact, these devices will directly transmit the impact force to the patient's puncture point, failing to effectively dissipate energy and still posing a risk of tissue damage or tube displacement.

[0023] A cardiothoracic surgery puncture and drainage tube fixation device includes a robotic arm 1. Multiple joints of the robotic arm 1 can be bent in different directions and can be bent into different shapes, so that the device can adapt to the dynamic changes in the patient's body position, improve fit and comfort. The robotic arm 1 is equipped with a clamping component 4, which can clamp and fix the drainage tube. Any one or two joints of the robotic arm 1 are equipped with a force buffer component 3 to change the force transmission mode on the robotic arm 1. When the drainage tube is slowly pulled and the rate of change of the pulling force does not exceed the first threshold, such as slow and slight pulling in daily activities, the robotic arm 1 changes from a curved shape to a straight shape. By extending the working distance, it gently absorbs energy to buffer the pulling force, provide comfort for daily activities, and resolve minor disturbances. When the drainage tube is subjected to sudden traction and the rate of change of the tension exceeds the first threshold, such as a sudden and violent traction, the robotic arm 1 changes from a bent shape to a straight shape, and gently absorbs energy by extending the action distance to buffer the tension. The force buffer component 3 changes the way the force is transmitted by the robotic arm 1. The force buffer component 3 hardens within milliseconds, turning the joint of the robotic arm 1 that it cooperates with into an almost rigid structure, and converting the concentrated impact force into a distributed force to consume the impact force. When the drainage tube is subjected to sudden traction and the tension exceeds the second threshold, such as in the case of extreme or catastrophic violent traction, the clamping component 4 releases the clamp on the drainage tube. The drainage tube can slide relative to the clamping component, and the sliding process consumes the impact force through friction. Through the sliding of the drainage tube, the suture is not broken, and the main body of the drainage tube remains in the body, which buys medical staff valuable treatment time and avoids more serious damage such as suture tearing of tissue.

[0024] When the rate of change of tension on the drainage tube due to sudden traction exceeds the first threshold and the tension exceeds the second threshold, the robotic arm 1 changes from a curved shape to a straight shape. By extending the action distance, it gently absorbs energy to buffer the tension. The force buffer component 3 changes the way the force is transmitted by the robotic arm 1. The force buffer component 3 hardens within milliseconds, turning the joint of the robotic arm 1 that it cooperates with into an almost rigid structure. The concentrated impact force is converted into a distributed force. The clamping component 4 releases the clamp on the drainage tube, and the drainage tube can slide relative to the clamping component. The sliding process does work through friction, consuming the impact force.

[0025] The second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

[0026] Specifically, the first threshold is a "velocity threshold" or "acceleration threshold". Its core criterion is not the magnitude of the force, but the rate of change of the force. Based on a large amount of clinical data and analysis, a critical acceleration or velocity value is determined that can reliably distinguish between the patient's voluntary slow movement (such as turning over or coughing) and accidental sudden traction (such as being tripped or being pulled unconsciously). The first threshold is preferably 20 N / s.

[0027] Specifically, the second threshold is an absolute "force threshold" that represents the maximum tensile force that the entire fixation system (including sutures, skin, and robotic arm 1) can safely withstand without damage after the second level of protection is activated. Based on a large amount of clinical data and analysis, its upper limit must be less than the force required to pull the suture out of the tissue or cause the drainage tube to break. The second threshold is preferably 30 N.

[0028] A fixing clip 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the robotic arm 1, which can fix the robotic arm 1 to the bed, wall, etc.

[0029] The robotic arm 1 includes multiple support parts 11, and a clamping assembly 4 is disposed on the support parts 11. Each support part 11 can be bent in different directions relative to adjacent support parts 11 to form multiple joints of the robotic arm 1, and the joints are flexible.

[0030] A support rod 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the support part 11. A connecting ball 13 is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod 12 away from the support part 11. A ball sleeve 14 is connected to the end of the support part 11 away from the support rod 12. The connecting ball 13 on each support rod 12 is hinged to the ball sleeve 14 on the adjacent support rod 12, so that each support part 11 can be bent in different directions relative to the adjacent support part 11.

[0031] Specifically, a set of miniature spring plates is set between the ball sleeve 14 and the connecting ball 13. When the joint is straightened, the spring plates are deformed by pressure; after the external force disappears, the elastic force of the spring plates pushes the joint back to its initial angle.

[0032] A first gap 15 is provided between the ball sleeve 14 and the connecting ball 13. The force buffer component 3 is filled in the first gap 15 between any one or two ball sleeves 14 and the connecting ball 13. The force buffer component 3 is integrated into the joint gap, which realizes a compact design without adding extra volume. At the same time, it ensures that the buffering effect is directly applied to the force transmission path. The gap filling allows the buffer component to concentrate the impact force at the joint, which improves the buffering efficiency.

[0033] A sealing component is provided at the connection between the connecting ball 13 and the ball sleeve 14 to prevent leakage of the force buffer component 3. The sealing component is a sealing ring on the opening of the ball sleeve 14. The ball sleeve 14 is hinged to the connecting ball 13 through the sealing ring to prevent leakage of the force buffer component 3 from the opening of the ball sleeve 14.

[0034] Force buffer assembly 3 includes a non-Newtonian fluid, which fills the first gap 15; When the drainage tube is slowly pulled and the rate of change of the tension does not exceed the first threshold, the non-Newtonian fluid remains liquid and has low viscosity, and the non-Newtonian fluid provides damping to the connecting ball 13 and the ball sleeve 14. When the drainage tube is subjected to sudden traction and the rate of change of the tension exceeds the first threshold, the particles in the non-Newtonian fluid get stuck together. The non-Newtonian fluid is close to solid and has high viscosity. The concentrated impact force is converted into a distributed force to disperse the impact force through the non-Newtonian fluid.

[0035] Each support portion 11 has two clamping components 4, and the two clamping components 4 are preferably located at both ends of the corresponding support portion 11. In other embodiments of the present invention, the two clamping components 4 may also be located at other positions of the corresponding support portion 11.

[0036] The clamping assembly 4 includes two clamping arms 41, which can move towards or away from the support portion 11 to clamp or release the drainage tube. When the drainage tube is subjected to a sudden pull and the tension exceeds a second threshold, the two clamping arms 41 move away from each other to release the clamp on the drainage tube, allowing the drainage tube to slide relative to the clamping assembly. Specifically, each clamping arm 41 is fixedly connected to a rack 42, and each rack 42 meshes with a gear 43. The racks 42 are located at the upper and lower ends of the gear 43, respectively. A rotating shaft 45 is fixedly connected to the gear 43, and the rotating shaft 45 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive assembly 5. When the drive assembly 5 is started, the gear 43 rotates, causing the two racks 42 to move towards or away from each other.

[0037] It should be noted that when the drainage tube is subjected to a sudden traction and the tension exceeds the second threshold, and the two clamping arms 41 move in opposite directions to release the clamping of the drainage tube, the two clamping arms 41 do not completely separate from the drainage tube. They only release the clamping and fixing of the drainage tube. When the drainage tube slides, the sliding process between the drainage tube and the two clamping arms 41 consumes the impact force through friction.

[0038] Specifically, the drive assembly 5 includes a motor, the output end of which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 45, and the output end of each motor is connected to the two rotating shafts 45 of the corresponding support part 11.

[0039] The support part 11 has a slide groove 46, and the clamping arm 41 is slidably connected to the slide groove 46. The slide groove 46 provides a linear guide for the movement of the clamping arm 41, ensuring smooth and accurate movement, preventing skewing or shaking, and enhancing the reliability of clamping.

[0040] Silicone pads are fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the two clamping arms 41 to increase the friction with the drainage tube.

[0041] Miniature pressure sensors are embedded in the silicone pads of the two clamping arms 41 to directly measure the clamping pressure on the drainage tube. The pressure sensors are electrically connected to the controller. When the pressure value detected by the miniature pressure sensors exceeds the second threshold, the controller controls the motor to start, causing the two clamping arms 41 to move in opposite directions.

[0042] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for fixing a puncture and drainage tube in cardiothoracic surgery, characterized in that, Includes a robotic arm (1), multiple joints of which can be bent in different directions and can be bent into different shapes. The robotic arm (1) is provided with a clamping assembly (4), which can clamp and fix the drainage tube. Any one or two joints of the robotic arm (1) are provided with a force buffer assembly (3) to change the force transmission mode on the robotic arm (1). When the drainage tube is slowly pulled and the rate of change of the tension does not exceed the first threshold, the robotic arm (1) changes from a curved shape to a straight shape to buffer the tension. When the drainage tube is subjected to sudden traction and the rate of change of the tension exceeds the first threshold, the robotic arm (1) changes from a bent shape to a straight shape, and the force buffer component (3) changes the force transmission mode of the robotic arm (1), converting the concentrated impact force into a distributed force to consume the impact force. When the drainage tube is subjected to sudden traction and the tension exceeds the second threshold, the clamping component (4) releases the clamping and fixing of the drainage tube, and the drainage tube can slide relative to the clamping component (4). The sliding process consumes the impact force through friction.

2. The cardiothoracic surgical puncture and drainage tube fixation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The robotic arm (1) includes multiple support parts (11), and the clamping assembly (4) is provided on the support parts (11). Each support part (11) can be bent in different directions relative to the adjacent support parts (11) to form multiple joints of the robotic arm (1).

3. The cardiothoracic surgical puncture and drainage tube fixation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A support rod (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the support part (11). A connecting ball (13) is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod (12) away from the support part (11). A ball sleeve (14) is connected to the end of the support part (11) away from the support rod (12). The connecting ball (13) on each support rod (12) is hinged to the ball sleeve (14) on the adjacent support rod (12), so that each support part (11) can be bent in different directions relative to the adjacent support part (11).

4. The cardiothoracic surgical puncture and drainage tube fixation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A first gap (15) is provided between the ball sleeve (14) and the connecting ball (13), and the force buffer assembly (3) fills the first gap (15) between any one or two ball sleeves (14) and the connecting ball (13).

5. The cardiothoracic surgical puncture and drainage tube fixation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sealing component is provided at the connection between the connecting ball (13) and the ball sleeve (14) to prevent leakage of the force buffer component (3).

6. The cardiothoracic surgical puncture and drainage tube fixation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The force buffer assembly (3) includes a non-Newtonian fluid that fills the first gap (15); When the drainage tube is slowly pulled and the rate of change of the tension does not exceed the first threshold, the non-Newtonian fluid remains liquid and has low viscosity, and the non-Newtonian fluid provides damping to the connecting ball (13) and the ball sleeve (14); When the drainage tube is subjected to sudden traction and the rate of change of the tension exceeds the first threshold, the particles in the non-Newtonian fluid become stuck together. The non-Newtonian fluid is close to solid and has high viscosity. The concentrated impact force is converted into a distributed force to disperse the impact force through the non-Newtonian fluid.

7. The cardiothoracic surgical puncture and drainage tube fixation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are two clamping components (4) on each of the support portions (11).

8. The cardiothoracic surgical puncture and drainage tube fixation device according to claim 2 or 7, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (4) includes two clamping arms (41). The two clamping arms (41) can move towards each other or away from each other relative to the support (11) to clamp or release the drainage tube. When the drainage tube is subjected to a sudden pull and the tension exceeds the second threshold, the two clamping arms (41) move away from each other to release the clamping fixation of the drainage tube. The drainage tube can slide relative to the clamping assembly (4).

9. The cardiothoracic surgical puncture and drainage tube fixation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both clamping arms (41) are fixedly connected to racks (42), both racks (42) are meshed with gears (43), and the two racks (42) are located at the two ends of the gears (43). A rotating shaft (45) is fixedly connected to the gears (43), and the rotating shaft (45) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive assembly (5) so that when the drive assembly (5) is started, the gears (43) rotate to drive the two racks (42) to move towards each other or away from each other.

10. The cardiothoracic surgical puncture and drainage tube fixation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support part (11) is provided with a sliding groove (46), and the clamping arm (41) is slidably connected to the sliding groove (46).

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