Lathe tool setting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, and provides a lathe tool setting method which is based on a tool setting gauge installed on a spindle box of a lathe, and the lathe tool setting method comprises the steps that a current moment image of a tool nose part of a lathe tool is obtained; extracting a tool nose contour value of the lathe tool from the image at the current moment; least square circle fitting is carried out according to the contour values of the tool noses, so that the tool center position of the lathe tool at the current moment is obtained; and according to the tool center position at the current moment and the target tool center position, the relative position of the lathe tool and the spindle box is adjusted, so that tool setting operation of the lathe tool is completed. In this way, the least square circle fitting mode can integrate information of all tool nose contour values, interference of local tool abrasion or image noise on the tool center position determination result is effectively reduced, the accuracy and stability of the determined tool center position are improved, then the tool setting accuracy is improved, and the tool setting accuracy is improved. The problem that the tool setting precision is poor when the lathe tool is set in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool technology, and in particular to a method for setting lathe cutting tools. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of CNC machining, precise tool setting, including tool setting of lathe tools, is a crucial step to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the final product. In some cases, the lathe tool is adjusted so that its center is located on the central axis of the workpiece spindle. The core of this process lies in calibrating the position of the lathe tool's center.

[0003] The tool center of a lathe cutting tool is a virtual position point and cannot be directly observed. Related technologies use CCD optical tool setting devices to accomplish this task. The CCD optical tool setting device captures image information of the lathe cutting tool, arbitrarily selects three discrete position points on the outline of the lathe cutting tool image information, and calculates the radius and center position of the corresponding arc based on the coordinates of the three position points and the equation of the circle. The calculated arc radius is the tool tip arc radius, and the calculated arc center position is the tool center position. However, due to wear and tear during lathe tool use, the selected position points inevitably become worn points, leading to inaccuracies in the positions of the three selected position points. This affects the accuracy of the determined arc radius and arc center position, resulting in tool setting deviations and compromising tool setting accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the problem of poor tool setting accuracy when setting lathe tools in related technologies has become an important technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a lathe tool setting method to solve the defect of poor tool setting accuracy in related technologies when setting lathe tools.

[0006] This invention provides a lathe tool setting method based on a tool setter installed in the spindle box of a lathe. The tool setter is installed in the spindle box, and the lathe tool setting method includes: Acquire the current image of the tip of the lathe tool; Extract the tool tip profile value of the lathe tool from the image at the current moment; Least-squares circle fitting is performed based on each of the tool tip profile values ​​to obtain the current tool center position of the lathe tool. Based on the current tool center position and the target tool center position, adjust the relative position of the lathe tool and the spindle box to complete the tool setting operation of the lathe tool.

[0007] According to a lathe tool setting method provided by the present invention, adjusting the position of the lathe tool based on the current tool center position and the target tool center position includes: Based on the current tool center position and the target tool center position, a target adjustment distance is determined. The target adjustment distance is the image distance between the current tool center position and the target tool center position along the target tool setting direction. The target tool setting direction is parallel to the viewing window of the tool setting instrument and perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box. The actual adjustment distance is determined based on the target adjustment distance and the magnification of the tool setter. The actual adjustment distance is the actual relative displacement that the lathe tool and the tool setter need to generate along the target tool setting direction. Based on the actual adjustment distance, adjust the relative position of the lathe tool and the tool setter along the target tool setting direction.

[0008] According to a lathe tool setting method provided by the present invention, before acquiring the current moment image of the lathe tool tip, the method further includes: The magnification of the tool setter is calibrated.

[0009] According to a lathe tool setting method provided by the present invention, the calibration of the magnification of the tool setting device includes: Acquire an image of the cutting tip of the lathe tool before it moves; The lathe tool and the tool setter are moved relative to each other by a first distance along a reference direction, the reference direction being parallel to the viewing window of the tool setter; Acquire an image of the moving tip of the lathe tool; Based on the image before movement and the image after movement, a second distance is determined, wherein the second distance is the distance between the image before movement and the image after movement along the reference direction; The magnification of the tool setting device is determined based on the first distance and the second distance.

[0010] According to a lathe tool setting method provided by the present invention, when performing least squares circle fitting based on each of the tool tip contour values, the tool tip arc radius of the current moment image is also obtained. The lathe tool setting method also includes: The radius of the lathe tool tip is determined based on the radius of the tool tip arc in the current image and the magnification of the tool setter.

[0011] According to a lathe tool setting method provided by the present invention, before acquiring the current moment image of the lathe tool tip, the method further includes: The viewing angle of the tool setting device is calibrated.

[0012] According to a lathe tool setting method provided by the present invention, the reference direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box, and the calibration of the viewing window angle of the tool setter includes: Obtain the coordinates of the reference point of the lathe tool before and after movement. The coordinates before movement are the coordinates of the reference point in the image before movement, and the coordinates after movement are the coordinates of the reference point in the image after movement. Based on the coordinate values ​​before and after the movement, determine the tangent value of the window deflection angle; The window deflection angle is determined based on the tangent value of the window deflection angle.

[0013] According to a lathe tool setting method provided by the present invention, before acquiring the current moment image of the lathe tool tip, the method further includes: The lathe tool is installed onto the tool spindle, and the working angle of the lathe tool is adjusted to the target working angle. The working angle of the lathe tool is the angle between the straight edge of the lathe tool and the end face of the workpiece spindle.

[0014] According to a lathe tool setting method provided by the present invention, adjusting the working angle of the lathe tool to a target working angle includes: Based on the target working angle and the window deflection angle, the target angle of the lathe tool image is determined. The target angle of the lathe tool image is the angle between the image of the straight edge of the lathe tool and the coordinate axis of the window of the tool setter. A reference line is determined and formed based on the target angle of the lathe tool image; Adjust the angle of the lathe tool according to the reference line.

[0015] According to a lathe tool setting method provided by the present invention, the step of extracting the tool tip contour value of the lathe tool from the current moment image includes: Adjust the current image to a grayscale image; Based on the gradient change of the grayscale value of the grayscale image, the tool tip contour value of the lathe tool is extracted.

[0016] The lathe tool setting method provided by this invention is based on a tool setter, which is mounted on the headstock and fixed relative to it. The viewing window of the tool setter faces downwards to acquire a top-view image of the lathe tool. In the lathe tool setting method provided by this invention, the current-moment image of the tool tip is first acquired, and then the tool tip contour value is extracted from the current-moment image. Least-squares circle fitting is performed based on each tool tip contour value to obtain the current-moment tool center position. A large number of tool tip contour values ​​can be extracted from the current-moment image. During least-squares circle fitting, all tool tip contour values ​​are considered, and the optimal fitting circle is determined based on all tool tip contour values. This fitting circle is considered a magnified view of the lathe tool tip contour, and the center of the fitting circle is the current-moment tool center position. Finally, based on the current and target tool center positions, the relative positions of the lathe tool and the headstock are adjusted. The target tool center position is a preset point. By adjusting the relative positions of the lathe tool and the headstock, the tool center in the lathe tool image can be made to coincide with the target tool center position, thus completing the tool setting operation. This setting allows the least-squares circle fitting method to integrate information from all tool tip contour values, effectively reducing the interference of local tool wear or image noise on the tool center position determination results. This improves the accuracy and stability of the determined tool center position, thereby enhancing tool setting accuracy and solving the problem of poor tool setting accuracy in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of the lathe to which the lathe tool setting method provided by the present invention is applicable.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tool tip profile of a lathe tool extracted by the lathe setting method provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 The fitting results of each segment of the contour fitting individually.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tool setting instrument provided by the present invention when there is no window deflection angle.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tool setting instrument provided by the present invention when there is a window deflection angle.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tool setting device provided by the present invention when the window is tilted and the working angle of the lathe tool is being adjusted.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a top view of the tip of the lathe tool provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of machining a Fresnel structure using a lathe tool, as provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure label: 1. Tool setter; 2. Spindle box; 3. Lathe tool; 4. Tool tip; 5. Straight edge; 6. End face of workpiece spindle; 7. Viewing window; 8. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] The following is combined Figures 1 to 8 The present invention describes a lathe tool setting method.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the lathe tool setting method provided in this embodiment of the invention can be executed by the machine tool control system or other independent control devices.

[0030] The lathe tool setting method in this embodiment is based on a tool setter 1, which is mounted on the spindle box 2 and is fixed relative to the spindle box 2. Figure 1 As shown. The viewing window 7 of the tool setter 1 faces downwards, used to acquire a top-view image of the lathe tool 3. The tool setter 1 can be an optical tool setter 1, which is equipped with a CCD camera.

[0031] When the tool setter 1 acquires an image of the lathe tool 3, a light source is required. The type of light source is configured according to the rake angle symbol of the lathe tool 3. For a lathe tool 3 with a positive rake angle, a coaxial light source is selected. For a lathe tool 3 with a negative rake angle, a backlight source is selected.

[0032] The lathe tool setting method in this embodiment of the invention mainly includes the following steps 110 to 140.

[0033] Step 110: Obtain the current moment image of the tip of the lathe tool.

[0034] Step 120: Extract the tool tip profile value of the lathe tool from the image at the current moment.

[0035] Step 130: Perform least-squares circle fitting based on the profile values ​​of each tool tip to obtain the current position of the tool center of the lathe tool.

[0036] Step 140: Based on the current tool center position and the target tool center position, adjust the relative position of the lathe tool and the spindle box to complete the tool setting operation of the lathe tool.

[0037] Specifically, firstly, the current moment image of the tool tip 4 of the lathe tool 3 is acquired, which is obtained by the tool setting device 1. Then, the tool tip contour value of the lathe tool 3 is extracted from the current moment image. Based on the least squares circle fitting of each tool tip contour value, the current moment position of the tool center of the lathe tool 3 can be obtained.

[0038] A large number of tool tip profile values ​​can be extracted from the image at the current moment. When fitting the least squares circle, all tool tip profile values ​​are taken into account. The best fitting circle is determined based on all tool tip profile values. This fitting circle is regarded as an enlarged view of the tool tip profile of the lathe tool 3. The center of the fitting circle is the current tool center position of the lathe tool 3.

[0039] Finally, based on the current tool center position and the target tool center position, the relative position of the lathe tool 3 and the spindle box 2 is adjusted. The target tool center position is a preset location. By adjusting the relative position of the lathe tool 3 and the spindle box 2, the tool center in the image of the lathe tool 3 can be made to coincide with the target tool center position, thus completing the tool setting operation of the lathe tool 3.

[0040] With this setting, the least squares circle fitting method can integrate the information of all tool tip contour values, effectively reducing the interference of local tool wear or image noise on the tool center position determination result, improving the accuracy and stability of the determined tool center position, and thus improving the tool setting accuracy. This solves the problem of poor tool setting accuracy in related technologies when setting lathe tools 3.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, when extracting the tool tip contour of the lathe tool from the current moment image in step 120, it is necessary to first adjust the current moment image to a grayscale image, and then extract the tool tip contour value of the lathe tool 3 according to the gradient change of the grayscale value of the grayscale image. Specifically, the Canny operator can be used to extract the tool tip contour value of the lathe tool 3.

[0042] By converting color image information into single-channel grayscale information, image data can be effectively simplified and the computational load of subsequent processing can be reduced, thus laying the foundation for fast and efficient contour edge detection.

[0043] Due to contaminants and other factors on the tip 4 of the lathe tool 3, the extracted tool contour is not continuous, and can be as follows: Figure 2 The diagram shows four arc segments, each represented by a different color: green for segment ①, orange for segment ②, blue for segment ③, and magenta for segment ④. The dashed lines in the diagram mark the boundaries between adjacent arc segments. When performing least-squares circle fitting, the contour values ​​of all four arc segments are used in the fitting process; it is not limited to just one or a portion of the arc segments.

[0044] Fitting a single segment of an arc will result in different arcs and their corresponding centers, such as... Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The arc in the middle is made of Figure 2 The arcs of the corresponding colors extracted from the image are individually fitted. Specifically, arc segment I is formed by individually fitting arc segment ①, arc segment II by individually fitting arc segment ②, arc segment III by individually fitting arc segment ③, and arc segment IV by individually fitting arc segment ④. A comparison shows that the shorter the arc used for fitting, the greater the deviation between the resulting arc and the true contour of the lathe tool 3.

[0045] In this embodiment, the contour values ​​of all four arc segments are included in the fitting process, which can greatly reduce the deviation between the fitted arc and the true contour of the lathe tool 3, thereby improving the accuracy of the determined tool center position.

[0046] It should be noted that in existing technologies, three discrete points are arbitrarily selected on the tool profile image, and the center of the circle is determined based on these three points. The number of points considered when determining the tool center position is relatively small. If any one of the selected three points is located at a worn area, it will significantly affect the accuracy of the determined tool center position. In this embodiment, when determining the tool center position by integrating all tool tip profile values, even if the profile value of the worn area is involved in the fitting process, the large number of tool tip profile values ​​involved and the relatively small proportion of the worn area profile value have a smaller impact on the accuracy of the fitted tool center position.

[0047] The height direction of spindle box 2 is as follows Figure 1 The direction indicated by Z in the middle, the axial direction of the spindle box 2 is as follows: Figure 1The direction indicated by X is such that the width direction of the spindle box 2 is perpendicular to both the height direction and the axis direction of the spindle box 2. The lathe tool 3 can reciprocate along the axis direction of the spindle box 2, and the spindle box 2 can reciprocate along its width direction. By reciprocating the spindle box 2, the relative position of the spindle box 2 and the lathe tool 3 can be adjusted along the width direction of the spindle box 2. Similarly, by reciprocating the lathe tool 3, the relative position of the spindle box 2 and the lathe tool 3 can be adjusted along the axis direction of the spindle box 2.

[0048] During tool setting, the relative positions of the spindle box 2 and the lathe tool 3 need to be adjusted along both the height and width directions of the spindle box 2. The process of adjusting the relative positions of the spindle box 2 and the lathe tool 3 along the width direction of the spindle box 2 is the tool setting process along the width direction of the spindle box 2, which can be based on the image information of the lathe tool 3 in the tool setting instrument 1. The process of adjusting the relative positions of the spindle box 2 and the lathe tool 3 along the height direction of the spindle box 2 is also the tool setting process along the height direction of the spindle box 2, which can be based on the depth of field of the CCD camera. Regarding the tool setting process, this embodiment of the invention mainly involves the tool setting process along the width direction of the spindle box 2 and its technical improvements. No improvements are made to the tool setting process along the height direction of the spindle box 2; therefore, the specific steps of the tool setting process along the height direction of the spindle box 2 will not be described here.

[0049] In this embodiment, step 140 includes steps 141 to 143.

[0050] Step 141: Determine the target adjustment distance based on the current tool center position and the target tool center position. The target adjustment distance is the image distance between the current tool center position and the target tool center position along the target tool setting direction. The target tool setting direction is parallel to the viewing window of the tool setter and perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box.

[0051] Step 142: Determine the actual adjustment distance based on the target adjustment distance and the magnification of the tool setter. The actual adjustment distance is the actual relative displacement required between the lathe tool and the tool setter along the target tool setting direction.

[0052] Step 143: Adjust the relative position of the lathe tool and the tool setter along the target tool setting direction according to the actual adjustment distance.

[0053] The current blade center position and the target blade center position are both corresponding to the blade center positions in the image. Therefore, the target adjustment distance determined based on the current blade center position and the target blade center position is also the distance corresponding to the image.

[0054] The tool tip 4 of the lathe tool 3 is relatively small, and the image acquired by the tool setting instrument 1 is a magnified image for easy observation.

[0055] After determining the target adjustment distance, the actual adjustment distance can be determined based on the magnification of the tool setter 1. The microscopic distance measured in the image is accurately converted into the macroscopic physical displacement that the machine tool needs to perform, establishing a precise mapping relationship between image space and physical space.

[0056] Before step 110, the magnification of the tool setter 1 needs to be calibrated to ensure the accuracy of the determined actual adjustment distance and further improve the tool setting accuracy.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, when calibrating the magnification of the tool setter 1, an image of the tip 4 of the lathe tool 3 before movement is first acquired. This image before movement serves as the initial position, equivalent to an initial position reference, providing a reliable reference for subsequently determining the image displacement.

[0058] Then, the lathe tool 3 and the tool setter 1 are moved relative to each other by a first distance along a reference direction, which is parallel to the viewing window 7 of the tool setter 1. This first distance can be generated by controlling the sliding of at least one of the machine tool's spindle box 2 and the lathe tool 3. This first distance is a known, high-precision actual physical displacement, and is a reliable physical quantity for accurately determining the magnification.

[0059] Next, acquire an image of the tool tip 4 of the lathe tool 3 after its movement. After the tool completes a precise physical movement, take another image of the tool tip 4. The image after movement serves as the endpoint, and combined with the image before movement, it completely records the entire displacement process in the tool setting device 1.

[0060] Then, based on the image before and after the movement, a second distance is determined, which is the distance between the image before and after the movement along the reference direction.

[0061] Specifically, one of the feature points of the cutting edge 4 of the lathe tool 3 can be selected. The pixel corresponding to this feature point in the image before movement is called the pixel before movement, and the pixel corresponding to this feature point in the image after movement is called the pixel after movement. The distance between the pixel before movement and the pixel after movement along the reference direction, that is, the straight-line distance between the pixel before movement and the pixel after movement, is the second distance.

[0062] The magnification of the tool setter 1 is determined based on the first distance and the second distance. Specifically, the second distance corresponding to the image distance is divided by the first distance corresponding to the actual physical distance, and the resulting ratio is the magnification of the tool setter 1.

[0063] By calibrating the magnification, an accurate mapping relationship between image distance and actual physical distance was established. This allows the deviation distance measured in the image to be accurately converted into the actual physical movement distance that the machine tool needs to perform when compensating and adjusting the lathe tool 3. This helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of tool setting and solves the problem of tool setting deviation caused by inaccurate magnification.

[0064] In a further embodiment, when performing least-squares circle fitting based on each tool tip profile value, the tool tip radius of the current moment image is also obtained. Then, based on the tool tip radius of the current moment image and the magnification of the tool setter 1, the tool tip radius of the lathe tool 3 is determined.

[0065] In this way, the key parameters of the lathe tool 3 are accurately calibrated, providing a reliable basis for the position control of the lathe tool 3 in subsequent working processes and ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the final machined parts.

[0066] It should be further explained that the target tool center position involved in step 140 is a pre-set tool center position. Specifically, the step of pre-setting the target tool center position requires a reference tool. The reference tool is installed on the tool spindle, and the tool setting operation is completed through other tool setting methods, ensuring the tool setting accuracy of the reference tool. Then, the tool center position of the reference tool is determined through steps 110 to 130 above, and the determined tool center position of the reference tool is the target tool center position. When setting other lathe tools 3 subsequently, as long as the tool center position of the lathe tool 3 coincides with the target tool center position, the tool setting operation of the lathe tool 3 can be completed, and the tool setting accuracy of the lathe tool 3 can be guaranteed.

[0067] The above-mentioned operation of preset target tool center position only needs to be performed before the first tool setting using the machine tool and tool setter 1. After the preset operation of target tool center position is completed, it is not necessary to perform the preset operation of target tool center position each time the lathe tool 3 is changed.

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, before step 110, the viewing angle of the tool setting device 1 is calibrated.

[0069] When installing the tool setter 1 onto the spindle box 2, it is necessary to ensure, as far as possible, the consistency between the coordinate system of the tool setter 1's viewport and the machine tool's coordinate system. Specifically, the horizontal axis of the tool setter 1's viewport coordinate system should be parallel to the axis of the spindle box 2, and the vertical axis of the tool setter 1's viewport coordinate system should be parallel to the width direction of the spindle box 2. However, in the actual installation process of the tool setter 1, it is impossible to guarantee the installation accuracy, and it is impossible to guarantee that the horizontal axis of the tool setter 1's viewport coordinate system is completely parallel to the axis of the spindle box 2, or that the vertical axis of the tool setter 1's viewport coordinate system is completely parallel to the width direction of the spindle box 2.

[0070] The angle between the horizontal axis of the viewport coordinate system of the tool setter 1 and the axis of the spindle box 2, or the angle between the vertical axis of the viewport coordinate system of the tool setter 1 and the width direction of the spindle box 2, is called the viewport deflection angle of the tool setter 1.

[0071] When the tool setter 1 does not have a viewing window angle, such as Figure 4 As shown, when the relative position of the spindle box 2 and the lathe tool 3 changes along the width direction of the spindle box 2, the displacement direction of the lathe tool 3 image is parallel to the vertical axis of the viewport coordinate system of the tool setter 1. However, when the tool setter 1 has a viewport tilt angle, such as... Figure 5 As shown, when the relative position of the spindle box 2 and the lathe tool 3 changes along the width direction of the spindle box 2, the displacement direction of the lathe tool 3 image has an angle with the vertical axis of the coordinate system of the tool setting instrument 1.

[0072] In this embodiment, after calibrating the viewing angle of the tool setter 1, the viewing angle is compensated when the lathe tool 3 is replaced or installed and the working angle of the lathe tool 3 is adjusted, which can improve the accuracy of the working angle of the lathe tool 3.

[0073] When calibrating the magnification of the tool setter 1, the reference direction can be any direction parallel to the viewing window 7 of the tool setter 1.

[0074] However, when it is necessary to calibrate both the magnification of the tool setter 1 and the viewing angle of the tool setter 1, the direction parallel to the viewing window 7 of the tool setter 1 and perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box 2 can be selected as the reference direction, that is, the reference direction is parallel to the width direction of the spindle box 2.

[0075] When calibrating the viewing angle of the tool setter 1, first obtain the coordinate values ​​of the reference point of the lathe tool 3 before and after movement. The reference point of the lathe tool 3 can be one of the feature points of the tool tip 4 of the lathe tool 3. The same feature point can be used to calibrate the magnification and viewing angle of the tool setter 1.

[0076] The coordinates before the move are the coordinates of the reference point in the image before the move, and the coordinates after the move are the coordinates of the reference point in the image after the move.

[0077] Then, based on the coordinates before and after the movement, the tangent of the window's tilt angle is determined. Specifically, the difference between the x-coordinate of the coordinates before and after the movement is... P x The difference between the ordinate of the coordinate before and after the movement is P y ,like Figure 5 As shown, the window tilt angle is α The tangent of the window deflection angle is then... .

[0078] Then, based on the tangent of the window tilt angle, determine the window tilt angle. Specifically, the window tilt angle... .

[0079] For specific structures and machining parameters, the lathe tool 3 needs to be adjusted to a certain working angle. For example, in Fresnel die turning, such as... Figure 8 As shown, since the workpiece 8 is clamped on the end face 6 of the workpiece spindle during turning, and its structure is tiny, the lathe tool 3 must be at a specific angle to the end face 6 of the workpiece spindle; otherwise, the usable angle of the diamond tool cannot meet the requirements, and interference may occur.

[0080] Therefore, when setting the lathe tool 3, it is also necessary to adjust the working angle of the lathe tool 3. The working angle of the lathe tool 3 is the angle between the straight edge 5 of the lathe tool 3 and the end face 6 of the workpiece spindle. That is, before step 110, after installing the lathe tool 3 onto the tool spindle, it is also necessary to adjust the working angle of the lathe tool 3 to the target working angle.

[0081] A top view of the tip 4 of the lathe tool 3 is shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the arc portion is the tip of the knife, and the straight edge 5 is tangent to the arc edge.

[0082] In this embodiment, when adjusting the working angle of the lathe tool 3 to the target working angle, it is necessary to first determine the target angle of the image of the lathe tool 3 based on the target working angle and the window offset angle. The target angle of the image of the lathe tool 3 is the angle between the image of the straight edge 5 of the lathe tool 3 and the coordinate axis of the window of the tool setter 1, such as... Figure 6 middle The indicated angle. The target working angle is... Figure 6 middle The angle indicated. Then, .

[0083] Then, based on the target angle of the lathe tool 3 image, a reference line s is determined and formed. It is necessary to ensure that the reference line meets the following requirements: any two points on the reference line... p 1 （x 1 ，y 1 ) and p 2 （x 2 ，y 2 ） , .

[0084] Then, based on the reference line, adjust the angle of the lathe tool 3 so that the image of the straight edge 5 of the lathe tool 3 coincides with the reference line.

[0085] The reference line is a visual straight line, providing the operator with intuitive and clear adjustment guidance, which simplifies the operation and improves the efficiency of setting the lathe tool 3.

[0086] When using the width direction of the spindle box 2 as the reference direction, the process of determining the magnification of the tool setter 1 can be simplified. Specifically, the sliding distance of the spindle box 2 along its own width direction is... m That is, the first distance is m Therefore, the distance the image of the reference point moves along the width direction of the spindle box 2 is... That is, the second distance is Therefore, the magnification of the tool adjuster 1 is... .

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for setting lathe cutting tools, characterized in that, Based on the tool setting device (1) installed in the spindle box (2) of the lathe, the lathe tool setting method includes: Obtain the current moment image of the tip (4) of the lathe tool (3); Extract the tool tip profile value of the lathe tool (3) from the image at the current moment; Least squares circle fitting is performed based on each of the tool tip profile values ​​to obtain the current tool center position of the lathe tool (3); Based on the current tool center position and the target tool center position, adjust the relative position of the lathe tool (3) and the spindle box (2) to complete the tool setting operation of the lathe tool (3).

2. The lathe tool setting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the position of the lathe tool (3) based on the current tool center position and the target tool center position includes: Based on the current position of the blade center and the target position of the blade center, the target adjustment distance is determined. The target adjustment distance is the image distance between the current position of the blade center and the target position of the blade center along the target tool setting direction. The target tool setting direction is parallel to the window (7) of the tool setting instrument (1) and the target tool setting direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box (2). The actual adjustment distance is determined based on the target adjustment distance and the magnification of the tool setter (1). The actual adjustment distance is the actual relative displacement required between the lathe tool (3) and the tool setter (1) along the target tool setting direction. According to the actual adjustment distance, adjust the relative position of the lathe tool (3) and the tool setter (1) along the target tool setting direction.

3. The lathe tool setting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before acquiring the current moment image of the tip (4) of the lathe tool (3), the method further includes: The magnification of the tool setting device (1) is calibrated.

4. The lathe tool setting method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calibration of the magnification of the tool setter (1) includes: Obtain an image of the tip (4) of the lathe tool (3) before it moves; The lathe tool (3) is moved relative to the tool setter (1) by a first distance along a reference direction, the reference direction being parallel to the viewing window (7) of the tool setter (1). Obtain an image of the moving tip (4) of the lathe tool (3); Based on the image before movement and the image after movement, a second distance is determined, wherein the second distance is the distance between the image before movement and the image after movement along the reference direction; The magnification of the tool setting device (1) is determined based on the first distance and the second distance.

5. The lathe tool setting method according to claim 4, characterized in that, When performing least-squares circle fitting based on each of the blade tip contour values, the radius of the blade tip arc in the image at the current moment is also obtained. The lathe tool setting method also includes: The radius of the tool tip arc of the lathe tool (3) is determined based on the radius of the tool tip arc of the current moment image and the magnification of the tool setter (1).

6. The lathe tool setting method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Before acquiring the current moment image of the tip (4) of the lathe tool (3), the method further includes: The viewing angle of the tool setting device (1) is calibrated.

7. The lathe tool setting method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The reference direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box (2), and the calibration of the viewing angle of the tool setter (1) includes: Obtain the coordinates of the reference point of the lathe tool (3) before and after movement. The coordinates before movement are the coordinates of the reference point in the image before movement, and the coordinates after movement are the coordinates of the reference point in the image after movement. Based on the coordinate values ​​before and after the movement, determine the tangent value of the window deflection angle; The window deflection angle is determined based on the tangent value of the window deflection angle.

8. The lathe tool setting method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Before acquiring the current moment image of the tip (4) of the lathe tool (3), the method further includes: The lathe tool (3) is installed on the tool spindle, and the working angle of the lathe tool (3) is adjusted to the target working angle. The working angle of the lathe tool (3) is the angle between the straight edge (5) of the lathe tool (3) and the end face (6) of the workpiece spindle.

9. The lathe tool setting method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the working angle of the lathe tool (3) to the target working angle includes: Based on the target working angle and the window deflection angle, the target angle of the lathe tool (3) image is determined. The target angle of the lathe tool (3) image is the angle between the image of the straight edge (5) of the lathe tool (3) and the window coordinate axis of the tool setter (1). Based on the target angle of the image of the lathe tool (3), a reference line is determined and formed; Adjust the angle of the lathe tool (3) according to the reference line.

10. The lathe tool setting method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The step of extracting the tool tip contour value of the lathe tool (3) from the image at the current moment includes: Adjust the current image to a grayscale image; Based on the gradient change of the grayscale value of the grayscale image, the tool tip contour value of the lathe tool (3) is extracted.

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