Macromolecular soil activator as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil conditioners, in particular to a polymer soil activator as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The polymer soil activator is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of activated carbon; 2-8 parts of a palm extract; 15 to 30 parts of peat soil; 10-30 parts of a biological bacterial fertilizer; and 5-12 parts of an anionic surfactant. The polymer soil activator provided by the invention can activate soil, regulate soil acidification and salinization, strengthen plants, reduce plant diseases and insect pests, promote fertilizer absorption, promote plant growth and increase fruit weight, is non-toxic, free of heavy metals, natural and environment-friendly, and is suitable for organic cultivation of various plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil conditioner technology, specifically to a polymeric soil activator, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Soil acidification has led to compaction, severely interfering with soil nutrient supply, crop root expansion, and microbial activity, thus hindering crop growth. Generally, acidic soil is formed when the concentration of free hydrogen ions in the soil solution exceeds the concentration of hydroxide ions. Causes include overuse of soil, long-term rain erosion, long-term application of chemical fertilizers, pesticide abuse and overuse, acid rain caused by air pollution, long-term and excessive use of herbicides, pollution from other wastes, and changes in soil physical properties (lack of fallowing and crop rotation). Characteristics of planting in acidified soil include: increasingly difficult growth, declining quality year after year, difficulty in flowering and fruiting, increased fruit drop, increased pesticide resistance in pests and diseases, declining quality, and increased susceptibility to decay.

[0003] Currently, soil conditioners are widely used to optimize a range of soil problems. For example, Chinese invention patent application CN106520136A provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner made from the following materials: diatomaceous earth, starch-grafted sodium polyacrylate, feather extract, edible mushroom residue, peanut bran, soybean meal, peat moss, pond mud, moss, duckweed, sawdust, tea dregs, seaweed, silkworm excrement, poultry and livestock manure, biogas residue, Bacillus subtilis, and live earthworms. By combining diatomaceous earth, starch-grafted sodium polyacrylate, seaweed, and moss with saline-alkali soil, a network structure is formed, preventing soil stratification, significantly improving water retention, preventing over-irrigation due to poor soil water retention, reducing soil salinization, and preventing soil erosion. However, this technology involves complex raw materials and processes, and its soil improvement effect still needs further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in the prior art, the first aspect of this invention provides a polymeric soil activator, wherein the raw materials for preparation, by weight, comprise: 5-20 parts activated carbon; 2-8 parts palm extract; 15-30 parts peat moss; 10-30 parts of bio-fertilizer; 5-12 parts of anionic surfactant.

[0005] In one embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the polymeric soil activator, by weight, include: 8-17 parts activated carbon; Palm extract 3-8 parts; 20-28 parts peat moss; 15-30 parts of bio-fertilizer; 7-12 parts of anionic surfactant.

[0006] In one embodiment, the method for preparing the palm extract includes: Select mature, dried palm fruits, crush them, and press them in a press to obtain palm oil and press cake; Add solvent to the pressed cake, soak at 30~60℃ for 24~36h, filter, and take the filtrate; The filtrate and the palm extract are mixed and vacuum dried at 60-80°C for 48-72 hours. The mixture is then removed and ground to obtain the palm extract.

[0007] In one embodiment, the solid-liquid ratio of the pressed cake to the solvent is 1-5 g: 10-30 mL. Examples include 1 g: 10 mL, 2 g: 15 mL, 5 g: 10 mL, and 5 g: 30 mL.

[0008] In one embodiment, the solvent is at least one selected from water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and isopropanol.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the solvent is an aqueous solution of ethanol, wherein the volume fraction of ethanol is 70-80%.

[0010] Palm extract is generally used in biomedicine, where it can inhibit benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), exert antibacterial effects, constrict blood vessels, strengthen muscles, resist mucous membranes, and promote diuresis. It is primarily used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, erectile dysfunction, low libido, kidney disease, cystitis, orchitis, bronchitis, loss of appetite, nasal congestion, and promote breast hyperplasia. However, the inventors have creatively discovered through experiments that adding a small amount of palm extract to soil active fertilizer has significant effects on improving soil aggregate structure, promoting plant nutrient absorption, promoting root growth, and promoting flowering and fruiting in fruit trees. When used in combination with other ingredients, it can improve soil structure, retain water and fertilizer to prevent leaching, enhance stress resistance, provide continuous fertilization, improve nutrient conversion efficiency, promote crop growth, and contribute to environmental protection and energy conservation.

[0011] In one embodiment, the method for preparing the bio-fertilizer includes: A compound microbial agent was obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis seed liquid, Candida albicans seed liquid, white rot fungus seed liquid, and Aspergillus niger seed liquid. Mix chaff, nutrients, and water, and sterilize by steaming at 0.8-1.5 MPa for 15-20 minutes. Add 5-8 L of the compound microbial agent per 1 kg of chaff, and incubate at 25°C for 60-90 days to obtain the bio-fertilizer.

[0012] Bio-fertilizers improve the structure of soil microbial communities, enhance soil aggregate structure, decompose soil nutrients, release effective components, degrade pesticide and heavy metal residues, improve the soil environment, and ultimately improve soil quality.

[0013] In one embodiment, the volume ratio of the Bacillus subtilis seed liquid, Candida albicans seed liquid, white-rot fungus seed liquid, and Aspergillus niger seed liquid is 4~5:6~9:6~8:7~10. Examples include 4:6:6:7, 4:6:7:9, 4:6:7:8, 5:7:7:8, 5:7:7:9, and 5:9:8:10.

[0014] In one embodiment, the solid-liquid ratio of the chaff, nutrients, and water is 5-6 kg: 5-6 L: 3-4 L. Examples include 5 kg: 5 L: 3 L, 5 kg: 6 L: 3 L, 5 kg: 5 L: 4 L, and 6 kg: 6 L: 4 L.

[0015] In one embodiment, the chaff includes rice husks or wheat husks.

[0016] In one embodiment, the nutrient salt is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 4% NH4HCO3, 0.5% KH2PO4, 0.6% MgSO4·7H2O, 0.1% CaCl2, 0.02% NaCl, 0.05% FeSO4, 0.014% ZnSO4·5H2O, with the balance being water.

[0017] In one embodiment, the anionic surfactant comprises dodecyl sulfate.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the dodecyl sulfate comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0019] A second aspect of this invention provides a method for preparing a polymeric soil activator, comprising at least the following steps: The activated carbon, palm extract, peat moss, bio-fertilizer, and anionic surfactant are mixed evenly, granulated, and bagged to obtain the polymeric soil activator.

[0020] This invention utilizes a specific blend of activated carbon, peat moss, palm extract, bio-fertilizer, and anionic surfactants to achieve superior performance in soil improvement through the formulation of a high-molecular-weight soil activator. Activated carbon, with its powerful adsorption capacity, effectively adsorbs harmful substances and heavy metal ions in the soil, reducing their damage to the soil and crops. Peat moss, rich in organic matter and various nutrients, provides a rich source of nutrition for the soil, helping to improve soil fertility and structure. The addition of palm extract not only promotes the formation of soil aggregates but also enhances the crop's ability to absorb nutrients, further improving crop growth rate and quality. Beneficial microorganisms in the bio-fertilizer decompose organic matter in the soil, releasing nutrients needed by plants while inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms, thereby improving the soil's microbial environment. Anionic surfactants help reduce the surface tension between soil particles, increasing soil moisture and permeability, making it easier for crops to absorb and utilize water and nutrients. These components work together to effectively regulate and improve problematic soils.

[0021] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of activated carbon, palm extract, peat moss, bio-fertilizer and anionic surfactant is 5~20:2~8:15~30:10~30:5~12.

[0022] A third aspect of the present invention provides an application of a polymeric soil activator, the application of which includes the use of the polymeric soil activator to regulate acidified soil, saline-alkali soil, sandy soil, rocky desertification soil, and heavy metal contaminated soil.

[0023] In one embodiment, the polymeric soil activator is sprayed onto different plant varieties according to the application methods in Table 1.

[0024] Table 1

[0025] High-molecular soil surfactants are used primarily through root absorption, supplemented by foliar absorption, to ensure good results for planting in different seasons.

[0026] Beneficial effects 1. The high-molecular soil activator of this invention is made from pure natural extracts of palm, concentrated and refined. It is rich in natural trace elements necessary for balanced crop growth. By applying the physical "ion resonance effect", it can automatically improve and regulate soil pH and salinity, improve soil aggregate structure, activate the physiological function of fine fertilizers in plants, promote root growth, and allow roots to penetrate deeper into the soil, thereby increasing drought resistance, promoting rapid crop growth, promoting branching and fruit setting rate, improving fruit quality and shape, and achieving increased yield and improved quality.

[0027] 2. The polymeric soil activator of this invention can increase the oxygen content in the soil and retain moisture. It can combine with mineral cations, oxygen, and hydroxides, thus accumulating slowly for crop use. It is particularly suitable for soils that have been subjected to long-term and excessive use of acidic chemical fertilizers, synthetic pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, etc., polluted by acid rain, and over-exploited by mechanized farming.

[0028] 3. This invention uses a specific amount of activated carbon, peat moss, palm extract, bio-fertilizer and anionic surfactant to work together on the soil, achieving effective regulation and improvement of problem soil.

[0029] 4. The polymer soil activator provided by this invention can improve the absorption efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, promote wheat yield increase of 20%, tobacco yield increase of 35%, grape yield increase of 15%, and increase water use efficiency to 90%~98%. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Experimental methods not specifying specific conditions in the embodiments were performed under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents used, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available products.

[0031] Example 1 The first aspect of this example provides a polymeric soil activator, the raw materials for which, by the highest weight percentage, are: 20 parts activated carbon; 8 parts palm extract; 30 parts peat moss; 30 portions of bio-fertilizer; 12 parts of anionic surfactant.

[0032] The preparation method of the palm extract includes: Select mature, dried palm fruits, crush them, and press them in a press to obtain palm oil and press cake; Add solvent to the pressed cake, soak at 45°C for 24 hours, filter, and collect the filtrate; The filtrate and the palm extract were mixed and vacuum dried at 80°C for 48 hours. The mixture was then removed and ground to obtain the palm extract.

[0033] The method for preparing the bio-fertilizer includes: A compound microbial inoculant was obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis seed liquid, Candida albicans seed liquid, white rot fungus seed liquid, and Aspergillus niger seed liquid in a volume ratio of 4:6:7:9. The chaff, nutrients, and water are mixed and stirred at a solid-liquid ratio of 5 kg: 5 L: 4 L, and then steam-sterilized at 1.1 MPa for 20 min. 8 L of the compound microbial agent is added for every 1 kg of chaff, and the mixture is incubated at 25 °C for 90 days to obtain the bio-fertilizer.

[0034] The anionic surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0035] The solvent is an aqueous solution of ethanol with a volume fraction of 70%; the solid-liquid ratio of the pressed cake to the solvent is 5g:30mL.

[0036] The chaff is wheat husk.

[0037] The nutrients consist of the following components by weight percentage: 4% NH4HCO3, 0.5% KH2PO4, 0.6% MgSO4·7H2O, 0.1% CaCl2, 0.02% NaCl, 0.05% FeSO4, 0.014% ZnSO4·5H2O, with the balance being water.

[0038] The effective viable count of the Bacillus subtilis seed liquid is ≥200 million CFU / g, and it comes from Sichuan Runge Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0039] The effective viable count of the *Candida* seed culture was 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g, from Sichuan Runge Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0040] The effective viable count of the white-rot fungal seed liquid was 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 6 CFU / g, from Sichuan Runge Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0041] The Aspergillus niger seed liquid was obtained from Sichuan Runge Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0042] The activated carbon was sourced from Zhejiang Lvcheng Environmental Protection Materials Co., Ltd.

[0043] The peat soil is Dahan 933 peat soil from Handan Angsino Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0044] The second aspect of this example provides a method for preparing a polymeric soil activator, comprising the following steps: The activated carbon, palm extract, peat moss, bio-fertilizer, and anionic surfactant are mixed evenly, granulated, and bagged to obtain the polymeric soil activator.

[0045] The third aspect of this example provides an application of a polymeric soil activator, which includes the use of the polymeric soil activator to regulate acidified soil, salinized soil, sandy soil, rocky desertification soil, and heavy metal contaminated soil.

[0046] Example 2 The specific implementation method in this example is the same as in Example 1, except that the raw materials for preparing the polymeric soil activator, based on the minimum weight percentage, include: 5 parts activated carbon; Two parts palm extract; 10 parts peat moss; 10 portions of bio-fertilizer; Five parts of anionic surfactant.

[0047] Performance testing 1. Apply the polymeric soil activators prepared in Examples 1 and 2 to wheat according to the methods in Table 1: It was found that after application of Example 1, the soil water retention was increased by 35% compared to the soil without application, and the soil bulk density decreased by 0.95 g / cm³. 3 It has the ability to adsorb and desorb nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers in the soil. It is suitable for agricultural soil improvement. After one season of application, the soil pH value is 7.1, which is suitable for wheat growth. It can also improve soil aggregate structure, increase soil aeration and water permeability. 98% of the absorbed water is utilized by plants. Applying soil active fertilizer to the soil can increase wheat yield by 21%.

[0048] In Example 2, the soil water retention capacity increased by 19% after application, and the soil bulk density decreased by 0.45 g / cm³ compared to the untreated soil. 3 It has the ability to adsorb and desorb nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers in the soil. It is suitable for agricultural soil improvement. After one season of application, the soil pH value is 7.4, which is suitable for wheat growth. It can also improve soil aggregate structure, increase soil aeration and water permeability. 90% of the absorbed water is utilized by plants. Applying soil active fertilizer to the soil can increase wheat yield by 14%.

[0049] 2. Apply the polymeric soil activator prepared in Examples 1 and 2 to potatoes according to the methods in Table 1: It was found that after application of Example 1, the soil water retention was increased by 32% compared to the soil without application, and the soil bulk density decreased by 0.75 g / cm³. 3 It has the ability to adsorb and desorb nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers in the soil. After one season of application, the soil pH value is 6.0, which is suitable for potato growth. It can also improve the soil aggregate structure, increase soil aeration and water permeability, and 90% of the absorbed water is utilized by plants. Applying high-molecular soil active fertilizer to the soil can increase potato yield by 28%.

[0050] In Example 2, the soil water retention capacity increased by 15% after application compared to soil without application, and the soil bulk density decreased by 0.35 g / cm³. 3 It has the ability to adsorb and desorb nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers in the soil. After one season of application, the soil pH value is 6.5, which is suitable for potato growth. It can also improve the soil aggregate structure, increase soil aeration and water permeability, and 86% of the absorbed water is utilized by plants. Applying high-molecular soil active fertilizer to the soil increases potato yield by 18%.

[0051] 3. Apply the polymeric soil activators prepared in Examples 1 and 2 to the vineyard according to the methods in Table 1: It was found that after application of Example 1, the soil water retention was increased by 28% compared to the soil without application, and the soil bulk density decreased by 1.05 g / cm³. 3 It has the ability to adsorb and desorb nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers in the soil. After one season of application, the soil pH value is 6, which is suitable for grape growth. It can also improve the soil aggregate structure, increase soil aeration and water permeability, and 92% of the absorbed water is utilized by plants. Applying high-molecular soil active fertilizer to the soil can increase grape yield by 15%.

[0052] In Example 2, the soil water retention capacity increased by 16% after application compared to soil without application, and the soil bulk density decreased by 0.55 g / cm³. 3 It has the ability to adsorb and desorb nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers in the soil. After one season of application, the soil pH value is 6, which is suitable for grape growth. It can also improve the soil aggregate structure, increase soil aeration and water permeability, and 85% of the absorbed water is utilized by plants. Applying high-molecular soil active fertilizer to the soil can increase grape yield by 8%.

Claims

1. A polymeric soil activator, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparation, by weight, include: 5-20 parts activated carbon; 2-8 parts palm extract; 10-30 parts peat moss; 10-30 parts of bio-fertilizer; 5-12 parts of anionic surfactant.

2. The polymeric soil activator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparation, by weight, include: 8-17 parts activated carbon; Palm extract 3-8 parts; 20-28 parts peat moss; 15-30 parts of bio-fertilizer; 7-12 parts of anionic surfactant.

3. The polymeric soil activator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The preparation method of the palm extract includes: Select mature, dried palm fruits, crush them, and press them in a press to obtain palm oil and press cake; Add solvent to the pressed cake, soak at 30~60℃ for 24~36h, filter, and take the filtrate; The filtrate and the palm extract are mixed and vacuum dried at 60-80°C for 48-72 hours. The mixture is then removed and ground to obtain the palm extract.

4. The polymeric soil activator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The solid-liquid ratio of the pressed cake to the solvent is 1~5g:10~30mL.

5. The polymeric soil activator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method for preparing the bio-fertilizer includes: A compound microbial agent was obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis seed liquid, Candida albicans seed liquid, white rot fungus seed liquid, and Aspergillus niger seed liquid. Mix chaff, nutrients, and water, and sterilize by steaming at 0.8-1.5 MPa for 15-20 minutes. Add 5-8 L of the compound microbial agent per 1 kg of chaff, and incubate at 25°C for 60-90 days to obtain the bio-fertilizer.

6. The polymeric soil activator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the Bacillus subtilis seed liquid, Candida albicans seed liquid, white rot fungus seed liquid and Aspergillus niger seed liquid is 4~5:6~9:6~8:7~10.

7. The polymeric soil activator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The solid-liquid ratio of the chaff, nutrients, and water is 5~6 kg: 5~6 L: 3~4 L.

8. The polymeric soil activator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The anionic surfactant includes dodecyl sulfate.

9. A method for preparing a polymeric soil activator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, At least the following steps are included: The activated carbon, palm extract, peat moss, bio-fertilizer, and anionic surfactant are mixed evenly, granulated, and bagged to obtain the polymeric soil activator.

10. The application of a polymeric soil activator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The applications include the use of polymeric soil activators to regulate acidified soil, salinized soil, sandy soil, rocky desertification soil, and heavy metal contaminated soil.

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