High-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device and system

Abstract

The application provides a high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device and system, comprising: a Dewar, which is internally provided with a refrigerant; a readout circuit module, which comprises a readout circuit board and a shielding shell; a ring-shaped cavity is formed in the shielding shell, and the readout circuit board is arranged in the shielding shell; an embedded structure is inserted into the interior of the Dewar, the embedded structure is provided with a mounting position of a SQUID chip, and a lead channel is arranged on the side wall of the embedded structure; and a heat insulation structure is fixed and filled in the upper end opening of the embedded structure. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device and system do not need to frequently disassemble and assemble connectors and fasteners in the process of filling the refrigerant, are convenient to operate, are not prone to static tip discharge, reduce the static damage rate of the high-temperature SQUID, do not need to expose the high-temperature SQUID to air in the process of filling the refrigerant, avoid the performance degradation of the SQUID, further ensure the service life and performance stability of the SQUID, and are favorable for reducing the system failure rate, improving the system reliability and stability in actual application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of superconducting technology, and in particular to a high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device and system. Background Technology

[0002] Superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) are highly sensitive magnetic field detection devices, with detection sensitivities ranging from 1 to 100 fT. They hold great promise for applications in biomedicine, mineral exploration, and archaeology. Traditional magnetic detection techniques primarily employ fluxgate magnetometers and coils as receivers, but these sensors typically have sensitivities in the 1-10 pT range, orders of magnitude lower than SQUIDs. Using the more sensitive SQUID as the receiver can significantly improve detection resolution and depth. However, SQUIDs require sufficiently low operating temperatures (at least below the superconducting critical temperature of the material used to fabricate them), posing a challenge to their practical applications. Based on the materials used in fabrication, SQUIDs can be categorized into low-temperature SQUIDs and high-temperature SQUIDs. Cryogenic SQUIDs are typically made of low-temperature superconducting materials such as niobium and niobium-titanium alloys, relying on liquid helium or closed-loop cooling systems. This high cost significantly limits their widespread adoption in geophysical exploration and other fields where miniaturized, lightweight instruments are highly desirable. High-temperature SQUIDs, on the other hand, are usually made of high-temperature superconducting materials such as yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) and bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide (BSCCO), allowing them to operate in liquid nitrogen temperatures. This greatly reduces cooling costs and gives them the potential for large-scale application.

[0003] The most basic SQUID consists of two parallel Josephson junctions and a closed superconducting ring. Essentially, it is a nonlinear flux-to-voltage converter. The output voltage of the SQUID exhibits a periodic sinusoidal response to the magnetic flux applied within the superconducting ring, with a period equal to one flux quantum. Figure 1 As shown. Such a response curve is very unfavorable for reading the value of the magnetic signal under test. Therefore, a readout circuit based on a flux-locked loop has been introduced. The flux-locked loop is formed by the preamplifier 11, integrator 12, feedback resistor Rf, feedback inductor Lf, and SQUID. Its principle is as follows: Figure 2 As shown; the linearization of the SQUID's response curve to the applied magnetic flux was achieved, as shown. Figure 3As shown. In a practical SQUID detection device, a readout circuit is essential; at the same time, in order to meet the operating temperature of the SQUID, a Dewar flask is also needed to store the refrigerant; in addition, the SQUID needs to operate in a low-temperature environment, while the readout circuit needs to operate at room temperature, so an electrical connection and thermal insulation device between the low-temperature SQUID and the room-temperature circuit is also required.

[0004] In existing SQUID detection devices, the aforementioned components are typically separate, assembled individually using connectors and fasteners. This complex assembly process makes the SQUID device susceptible to damage during refrigerant charging, reducing system reliability. This is particularly true in high-temperature SQUID systems, where the Josephson junction barrier layer is extremely thin, typically only a few nanometers thick, and its area is very small, usually around a few hundred square nanometers. Therefore, it is highly sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD), with even a 1kV ESD voltage sufficient to break down the Josephson junction. Frequent connection operations easily generate electrostatic discharge (ESD), leading to the breakdown of the core Josephson junction in the high-temperature SQUID. Furthermore, commonly used high-temperature SQUIDs are mostly made of YBCO material, which is prone to deliquescence and oxidation. Existing high-temperature SQUID systems often require exposing the SQUID device to air during refrigerant charging, a process that accelerates SQUID performance degradation and shortens its lifespan.

[0005] Therefore, how to reduce the electrostatic damage rate of high-temperature SQUIDs and improve system reliability has become one of the problems that urgently need to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0006] It should be noted that the above description of the technical background is only for the purpose of providing a clear and complete explanation of the technical solutions of the present invention and facilitating understanding by those skilled in the art. It should not be assumed that the above technical solutions are known to those skilled in the art simply because they have been described in the background section of this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device and system to solve the problems of high electrostatic damage rate and poor system reliability of high-temperature SQUID in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device, which includes at least:

[0009] Dewar, readout circuit module, embedded structure and thermal insulation structure;

[0010] The Dewar contains a refrigerant to provide a low-temperature operating environment for the SQUID device;

[0011] The readout circuit module is fixed to the top of the Dewar and includes a readout circuit board and a shielding housing; an annular cavity is formed inside the shielding housing, and the inner through hole of the shielding housing corresponds to the opening of the Dewar; the readout circuit board is disposed inside the shielding housing, and the shielding housing is provided with an internal lead port and an external lead port;

[0012] The embedded structure is a tubular structure, fixed on the shielding shell, and sequentially passes through the inner through hole of the shielding shell and the opening of the Dewar to be inserted into the interior of the Dewar; the embedded structure is provided with a mounting position for the SQUID chip, and a lead channel is provided on the side wall of the embedded structure, the lead channel communicating with the annular cavity through the internal lead port;

[0013] The heat insulation structure is fixed and filled into the upper opening of the embedded structure.

[0014] Optionally, the Dewar has a double-layer structure; the inner layer is a receiving cavity with an opening at the top for storing the refrigerant; the outer layer is an annular insulated cavity filled with heat-insulating material.

[0015] Alternatively, the opening diameter of the receiving cavity is smaller than the internal diameter.

[0016] Optionally, the internal lead port is located on the bottom or inner wall of the shielding housing, and the external lead port is located on the top or outer wall of the shielding housing.

[0017] Optionally, the shielding shell is made of a non-metallic material, and a metallic material layer is provided on the outer surface of the shielding shell.

[0018] Alternatively, the non-metallic material is polyetherketone; and / or, the metallic material layer is aluminum foil, metal cloth, or metal paint.

[0019] Optionally, the upper end of the embedded structure protrudes from the upper surface of the shielding housing, and the size of the protruding portion is larger than the inner through hole of the shielding housing; and / or, the embedded structure is bonded to the inner wall of the shielding housing using low-temperature structural adhesive.

[0020] Optionally, a through hole is provided on the side wall of the embedded structure, through which the refrigerant enters the interior of the Dewar.

[0021] Optionally, the thermal insulation structure includes a thermal insulation foam strip and a limiting component; the limiting component is located at the top of the thermal insulation foam strip and its size is larger than the upper opening of the embedded structure;

[0022] The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device also includes a fastening cover, which is disposed outside the limiting component and is used to fix the heat insulation structure.

[0023] Optionally, the Dewar is made of epoxy glass fiber; and / or, the embedded structure is made of epoxy glass fiber or polyetherketone; and / or, the thermal insulation structure is made of polyurethane foam.

[0024] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention also provides a high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection system, the high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection system comprising at least:

[0025] High-temperature SQUID chip, low-temperature connector, host computer and the aforementioned high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device;

[0026] The high-temperature SQUID chip and the low-temperature connector are fixed on the embedded structure, and the high-temperature SQUID chip is electrically connected to the readout circuit board through the low-temperature connector and the leads in the lead channel.

[0027] The host computer is electrically connected to the readout circuit board via a transmission line.

[0028] As described above, the high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device and system of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device and system of the present invention reduces the frequent assembly between components and reduces the plugging and unplugging operations between SQUID and readout circuit during use, effectively reducing the probability of electrostatic discharge and protecting the SQUID chip.

[0030] 2. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device and system of the present invention are designed with an independent liquid nitrogen replenishment port. During the filling process, the SQUID chip does not need to be disassembled and will not be exposed to the air, reducing the risk of static electricity and deliquescence.

[0031] 3. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device and system of the present invention adopts an integrated design, which has a high degree of integration, is easy to operate, and improves the reliability of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 The output voltage-flux response curve of SQUID is displayed.

[0033] Figure 2 The diagram shows a flux-locked loop and its operating principle.

[0034] Figure 3 The output voltage-flux response curve of the readout circuit is shown.

[0035] Figure 4The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the external structure of the Dewar of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the internal structure of the Dewar of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 The diagram shown illustrates the structural dimensions of the Dewar of this invention.

[0039] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the readout circuit module of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 9 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the embedded structure of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 10 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the heat insulation structure of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 11 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the fastening cap of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 12 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection system of the present invention.

[0044] Component designation explanation

[0045] 11-Preamplifier; 12-Integrator; 2-High-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device; 20-Dewar; 201-Receiving cavity; 202-Insulated cavity; 21-Readout circuit module; 211-Readout circuit board; 212-Shielding shell; 21a-Top cover; 21b-Base; 213-Inner through hole; 22-Embedded structure; 221-Mounting position; 222-Leading channel; 223-Through hole; 23-Heat insulation structure; 231-Heat insulation foam strip; 232-Limiting component; 24-Fastening cover; 3-High-temperature SQUID chip; 4-Low-temperature connector; 5-Host computer. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0047] Please see Figures 4-12It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides a high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device 2, which includes: a Dewar 20, a readout circuit module 21, an embedded structure 22, and a heat insulation structure 23.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, the Dewar 20 contains a refrigerant to provide a low-temperature operating environment for the SQUID device.

[0050] Specifically, the refrigerant provides the operating temperature for the high-temperature superconducting material, for example, 77K; in this example, the refrigerant is liquid nitrogen; in actual use, it can be set as needed and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0051] Specifically, the Dewar 20 is made of non-metallic, non-magnetic materials to reduce the systematic errors introduced by the system itself in weak magnetic detection; as an example, the Dewar 20 is made of epoxy glass fiber with low thermal conductivity. Figure 5 As shown, as an example, the Dewar 20 has a cylindrical structure (other cylindrical structures can also be used in actual use, not limited to this embodiment), with an opening at the top and an internal receiving cavity. Figure 6 As shown, the Dewar 20 has a double-layer structure; the inner layer is a receiving cavity 201 with an opening at the top, used to store refrigerant; the outer layer is an annular insulated cavity 202, which is filled with insulating material to form a sealed space. A good vacuum level is maintained inside the insulated cavity 202 by a vacuum device to isolate heat transfer between the environment and the inner receiving cavity 201, thereby reducing the liquid nitrogen evaporation rate. To further reduce heat leakage, the opening diameter of the receiving cavity 201 is set smaller than the inner diameter, and the opening diameter of the receiving cavity 201 should be as small as possible; for example... Figure 7As shown, in this example, the opening diameter of the receiving cavity 201 is set to 35mm, the internal diameter of the receiving cavity 201 is set to 100mm, the opening length (or depth) of the receiving cavity 201 is set to 100mm, the internal length (or depth) of the receiving cavity 201 is set to 155mm, the outer diameter of the Dewar 20 is set to 150mm, and the height is set to 300mm. This example provides a 1.2-liter volume non-magnetic Dewar 20, weighing less than 3kg (excluding liquid nitrogen), and with a liquid nitrogen retention time of not less than 72 hours. In practical use, the structure, volume, weight, shape, and retention time of the Dewar 20 can be designed according to application requirements. Any method capable of storing liquid nitrogen is applicable to this invention, and will not be elaborated here.

[0052] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the readout circuit module 21 is fixed to the top of the Dewar 20 and includes a readout circuit board 211 and a shielding housing 212. An annular cavity is formed inside the shielding housing 212, and the inner through-hole 213 of the shielding housing 212 corresponds to the opening of the Dewar 20. The readout circuit board 211 is disposed inside the shielding housing 212, and the shielding housing 212 is provided with an internal lead port and an external lead port.

[0053] Specifically, the readout circuit board 211 is equipped with a readout circuit that outputs a linearized SQUID device flux-voltage response curve, including but not limited to a preamplifier, integrator, and feedback resistor, which will not be described in detail here. Any circuit structure that can form a flux-locked loop with the devices in the SQUID chip to achieve signal readout is applicable to this invention. In this embodiment, in order to match the annular cavity structure of the shielding housing 212, the readout circuit board 211 is set as an annular structure with an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the shielding housing 212. In actual use, the shape of the readout circuit board 211 can be set as needed, as long as it can be placed in the annular cavity of the shielding housing 212.

[0054] Specifically, in practical applications, there are numerous high-frequency interference signals, such as atmospheric and communication signals. The readout circuit is connected to the high-temperature SQUID via leads. If these high-frequency interference signals are not shielded, they will enter the SQUID loop through electromagnetic induction coupling, reducing detection sensitivity and even interfering with the normal operation of the SQUID. The shielding housing 212 is used to enclose the readout circuit to shield against high-frequency signals in the environment. In this embodiment, the shielding housing 212 includes an upper cover plate 21a and a base 21b; wherein, the base 21b is a recessed structure, which is fastened to the upper cover plate 21a to form a closed annular cavity. As an example, the shielding housing 212 is made of a metal shell, which achieves high-frequency signal shielding based on the Faraday cage principle. However, in applications such as geophysical exploration, a strong excitation signal needs to be emitted during detection. The metal shell of the readout circuit will generate an eddy current response signal, which will be sensed by the SQUID and may be superimposed with the response signal of the target object, making it impossible to distinguish. Therefore, as another example, the shielding housing 212 is made of a non-metallic material, including but not limited to polyetherketone (non-metallic PEEK material); the outer surface of the shielding housing 212 is provided with a metal material layer (as an example, laser perforation is used), the metal material layer is used for radio frequency shielding, including but not limited to aluminum foil, metal cloth or metal paint, which will not be described in detail here; the shielding housing 212 in this example can reduce system eddy currents while achieving high-frequency interference shielding.

[0055] Specifically, internal leads are used to connect the readout circuit and the SQUID chip. In this embodiment, the internal lead port is located on the bottom or inner wall of the shielding housing 21. As an example, when the diameter of the inner through-hole 213 of the shielding housing 212 is smaller than the opening diameter of the Dewar 20, the internal lead port can be located in the bottom area of ​​the shielding housing 21 not covered by the top of the Dewar 20, or it can be located on the inner wall of the shielding housing 21; when the diameter of the inner through-hole 213 of the shielding housing 212 is greater than or equal to the opening diameter of the Dewar 20, it is more suitable to locate the internal lead port on the inner wall of the shielding housing 21. External leads are used to connect the readout circuit and an external signal processing module (e.g., a host computer). In this embodiment, the external lead port is located on the top or outer wall of the shielding housing 212.

[0056] like Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown, the embedded structure 22 is a tubular structure, fixed on the shielding housing 212, and passes through the inner through hole 213 of the shielding housing 212 and the opening of the Dewar 20 in sequence to be inserted into the interior of the Dewar 20; the embedded structure 22 is provided with a mounting position 221 for the SQUID chip, and a lead channel 222 is provided on the side wall of the embedded structure 22, which is connected to the annular cavity of the shielding housing 212 through the internal lead port.

[0057] Specifically, in this embodiment, the embedded structure 22 is a cylindrical structure, and the outer diameter of the embedded structure 22 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole 213 of the shielding shell 212 and the opening diameter of the Dewar 20. The refrigerant can enter the interior of the Dewar 20 through the internal channel of the embedded structure 22; as an example, the outlet of the internal channel can be located at the bottom of the embedded structure 22; as another example, a through hole 223 is provided on the side wall of the embedded structure 22 (especially the lower half of the side wall), and the refrigerant enters the interior of the Dewar 20 through the through hole. In this embodiment, the mounting position 221 is located at the bottom of the embedded structure 22 (at this time, when the through hole 223 is located on the side wall of the embedded structure 22, the refrigerant poured in will not impact the SQUID chip, thus affecting the installation stability of the SQUID chip). In actual use, the mounting position 221 can be set at any location that can fix the SQUID chip and prevent the SQUID chip from moving during use. As an example, the mounting position 221 is set as a groove that matches the shape of the SQUID chip to fix the SQUID chip. As another example, the SQUID chip is fixed to the mounting position 221 by adhesive or welding, in which case there are no requirements on the shape of the mounting position 221. The lead between the readout circuit and the SQUID chip is set in the lead channel 222 on the embedded structure 22. In this example, the lead channel 222 is a semi-open structure, that is, a groove etched on the side wall of the embedded structure 22; in another example, the lead channel 222 is a through hole structure. In practical use, any structure that can provide a channel for adding liquid nitrogen, support and fix the SQUID chip and electrical connections is applicable to the present invention, and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0058] Specifically, the embedded structure 22 is made of a low-temperature resistant non-magnetic material, which needs to have small deformation and a certain rigidity at a low temperature of 77K to ensure the installation position accuracy of the SQUID chip, while avoiding the SQUID chip position shaking caused by system shaking during use; as an example, the material of the embedded structure 22 is preferably polyetherketone or epoxy glass fiber.

[0059] Specifically, as an example, the upper end of the embedded structure 22 protrudes from the upper surface of the shielding housing 212, and the size of the protruding portion is larger than the inner through hole of the shielding housing 212. That is, the upper end of the embedded structure 22 is engaged with the upper surface of the shielding housing 212, thereby fixing the position of the embedded structure 22. As another example, the embedded structure 22 and the inner wall of the shielding housing 212 are bonded together with low-temperature structural adhesive, thereby fixing the position of the embedded structure 22 and also achieving a sealing effect.

[0060] like Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, the heat insulation structure 23 is fixed and filled into the upper opening of the embedded structure 22.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, the heat insulation structure 23 includes a heat insulation foam strip 231 and a limiting component 232; the limiting component 232 is located at the top of the heat insulation foam strip 231 and its size is larger than the upper opening of the embedded structure 22. The heat insulation structure 23 needs to be made of a low thermal conductivity and non-dense material, which can play a heat insulation role to reduce liquid nitrogen evaporation. At the same time, the evaporated gas can also be discharged outside the Dewar 20 through the pores inside the material to avoid excessive gas accumulation inside the Dewar 20, forming a large pressure difference between the inside and outside of the Dewar 20. As an example, the material of the heat insulation structure 23 is preferably a polyurethane foam with a slightly higher density. The heat insulation structure 23 can be fixed in any way. For ease of operation, the high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device 2 in this embodiment also includes a fastening cover 24, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 11 As shown, the fastening cap 24 is disposed outside the limiting component 232 and is used to fix the heat insulation structure 23; the fixing method includes but is not limited to threaded tightening.

[0062] like Figure 12 As shown, the present invention also provides a high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection system, which includes:

[0063] The high-temperature SQUID chip 3, the low-temperature connector 4, the host computer 5, and the high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device 2 of the present invention.

[0064] The high-temperature SQUID chip 3 and the low-temperature connector 4 are fixed on the embedded structure 22 and immersed in the refrigerant inside the Dewar 20. The high-temperature SQUID chip 3 is electrically connected to the readout circuit board 211 through the low-temperature connector 4 and the leads (passing through the internal lead port) in the lead channel 222. The host computer 5 is electrically connected to the readout circuit board 211 through a transmission line (passing through the external lead port), and the detected signals are sent to the host computer 5 for processing.

[0065] As an example, the assembly process of the high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device 2 of the present invention is as follows:

[0066] 1. The upper outer part of the embedded structure 22 is bonded to the inner wall of the shielding housing 212 with high-strength epoxy structural adhesive. The high-temperature end of the lead wire is soldered to the readout circuit board and passes through the internal lead port of the shielding housing 212 and the lead channel 222 of the embedded structure 22. The low-temperature end of the lead wire is soldered to the low-temperature connector 4.

[0067] 2. The packaged high-temperature SQUID chip 3 is placed in the mounting position 221 of the embedded structure 22 and secured by a tight fit or by using low-temperature adhesive. The electrical leads of the high-temperature SQUID chip 3 are connected to the low-temperature end of the leads in the lead channel 222 through the low-temperature connector 4, thereby realizing the electrical connection between the high-temperature SQUID chip 3 and the readout circuit.

[0068] 3. Place the connected high-temperature SQUID chip 3, embedded structure 22 and readout circuit module 21 into the Dewar 20 and fix it to the top of the Dewar 20 with screws.

[0069] 4. Fill the Dewar 20 with liquid nitrogen through the channel inside the embedded structure 22. After the liquid nitrogen is full and no longer evaporates violently, insert the heat insulation structure 23 into the embedded structure 22 and screw the fastening cap 24 onto the corresponding thread of the embedded structure 22.

[0070] 5. To add liquid nitrogen, unscrew the fastening cap 24, remove the heat insulation structure 23, and then add liquid nitrogen.

[0071] In summary, this invention provides a high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device and system, comprising: a Dewar, a readout circuit module, an embedded structure, and a heat insulation structure; the Dewar contains a refrigerant to provide a low-temperature operating environment for the SQUID device; the readout circuit module is fixed to the top of the Dewar and includes a readout circuit board and a shielding shell; an annular cavity is formed inside the shielding shell, and the inner through-hole of the shielding shell corresponds to the opening of the Dewar; the readout circuit board is disposed inside the shielding shell, and the shielding shell is provided with an internal lead port and an external lead port; the embedded structure is a tubular structure, fixed to the shielding shell, and sequentially passes through the inner through-hole of the shielding shell and the opening of the Dewar to be inserted into the interior of the Dewar; the embedded structure is provided with a mounting position for the SQUID chip, and a lead channel is provided on the side wall of the embedded structure, the lead channel communicating with the annular cavity through the internal lead port; the heat insulation structure is fixed and fills the upper opening of the embedded structure. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device and system of this invention eliminates the need for frequent disassembly and reassembly of connectors and fasteners during refrigerant charging, making operation convenient. Furthermore, it reduces the likelihood of electrostatic discharge, lowering the electrostatic damage rate of the high-temperature SQUID. The refrigerant charging process also prevents the high-temperature SQUID from being exposed to air, avoiding performance degradation and further ensuring the SQUID's lifespan and performance stability. This benefits practical applications by reducing system failure rates and improving system reliability and stability. Therefore, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of existing technologies and possesses high industrial applicability.

[0072] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device, characterized in that, The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device includes at least: Dewar, readout circuit module, embedded structure and thermal insulation structure; The Dewar contains a refrigerant to provide a low-temperature operating environment for the SQUID device; The readout circuit module is fixed to the top of the Dewar and includes a readout circuit board and a shielding housing; an annular cavity is formed inside the shielding housing, and the inner through hole of the shielding housing corresponds to the opening of the Dewar; the readout circuit board is disposed inside the shielding housing, and the shielding housing is provided with an internal lead port and an external lead port; The embedded structure is a tubular structure, fixed on the shielding shell, and sequentially passes through the inner through hole of the shielding shell and the opening of the Dewar to be inserted into the interior of the Dewar; the embedded structure is provided with a mounting position for the SQUID chip, and a lead channel is provided on the side wall of the embedded structure, the lead channel communicating with the annular cavity through the internal lead port; The heat insulation structure is fixed and filled into the upper opening of the embedded structure.

2. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Dewar has a double-layer structure; the inner layer is a receiving cavity with an opening at the top for storing the refrigerant; the outer layer is an annular insulated cavity filled with heat-insulating material.

3. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The opening diameter of the receiving cavity is smaller than the internal diameter.

4. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal lead port is located on the bottom or inner wall of the shielding housing, and the external lead port is located on the top or outer wall of the shielding housing.

5. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding shell is made of non-metallic material; a metallic material layer is provided on the outer surface of the shielding shell.

6. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The non-metallic material is polyetherketone; and / or, the metallic material layer is aluminum foil, metal cloth, or metal paint.

7. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the embedded structure protrudes from the upper surface of the shielding housing, and the size of the protruding portion is larger than the inner through hole of the shielding housing; and / or, the embedded structure is bonded to the inner wall of the shielding housing using low-temperature structural adhesive.

8. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sidewall of the embedded structure is provided with a through hole, through which the refrigerant enters the interior of the Dewar.

9. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation structure includes a thermal insulation foam strip and a limiting component; the limiting component is located at the top of the thermal insulation foam strip and its size is larger than the upper opening of the embedded structure; The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device also includes a fastening cover, which is disposed outside the limiting component and is used to fix the heat insulation structure.

10. The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Dewar is made of epoxy glass fiber; and / or the embedded structure is made of epoxy glass fiber or polyetherketone; and / or the thermal insulation structure is made of polyurethane foam.

11. A high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection system, characterized in that, The high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic field detection system includes at least: High-temperature SQUID chip, low-temperature connector, host computer, and high-temperature superconducting weak magnetic detection device as described in any one of claims 1-10; The high-temperature SQUID chip and the low-temperature connector are fixed on the embedded structure and immersed in the refrigerant inside the Dewar. The high-temperature SQUID chip is electrically connected to the readout circuit board through the low-temperature connector and the leads in the lead channel. The host computer is electrically connected to the readout circuit board via a transmission line.

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