Natural ventilation box transformer substation
By designing a naturally ventilated box-type transformer, adopting a low-voltage steel structure and cross-directional radiators, the problems of high noise and reduced heat dissipation performance in traditional box-type transformers have been solved, achieving temperature rise control and cost reduction.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI ZHIXIN ELECTRIC AMORPHOUS
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
AI Technical Summary
Traditional prefabricated transformers suffer from high noise levels, resonance, and reduced heat dissipation performance due to land scarcity, which affects equipment reliability and increases costs.
The design incorporates a natural ventilation transformer, employing a low-voltage steel structure and low-voltage components that meet temperature rise requirements. Combined with radiators and ventilation holes arranged in a cross direction, it achieves natural ventilation and heat dissipation, controlling the temperature rise to within 10K.
It reduces economic losses caused by equipment failure, component aging and fire, lowers raw material and labor costs, and improves heat dissipation uniformity.
Smart Images
Figure CN121906280A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transformer substation technology, and particularly relates to a naturally ventilated transformer substation. Background Technology
[0002] Urban land is becoming increasingly scarce, especially during the renovation of old residential areas. With the widespread use of various household appliances, electric vehicles, and electric bicycles, residents' electricity consumption has surged. In addition, with the proliferation of high-rise buildings in cities, many places are no longer suitable for pole-mounted transformers and other complete sets of distribution stations. If the power lines do not run overhead, they must be converted to overhead lines buried underground, which invisibly increases the scarcity of land. This necessitates the design of a very compact box-type substation to suit the changes in urban electricity consumption. However, when designing such a compact box-type substation, auxiliary ventilation methods such as adding fans are not suitable for this type of small and compact box-type substation. Therefore, it is necessary to design a box-type substation with natural ventilation that meets the temperature rise requirements.
[0003] Traditional box-type substations rely on fans for ventilation, which has the disadvantage of being noisy and has been the subject of complaints from residents. Sometimes, due to installation issues, resonance can occur when the box-type substation is running together with the transformer, affecting the lives of residents near the substation. Traditional box-type substations are large in size, so temperature rise is not a major concern. However, due to limited land area, the volume of the box-type substation has been reduced, which affects its heat dissipation performance. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a naturally ventilated transformer substation, which reduces economic losses caused by equipment failure, component aging, fire, etc. due to temperature rise. At the same time, because it is naturally ventilated, it reduces the raw material and labor costs of replacing fans.
[0005] A naturally ventilated transformer substation includes: a naturally ventilated transformer substation enclosure, a low-voltage compartment, a high-voltage compartment, a transformer compartment, a low-voltage switchgear and a high-voltage switchgear with heat dissipation function, a transformer with heat dissipation function, a partition between the high-voltage compartment and the transformer compartment with ventilation holes, and a partition between the low-voltage compartment and the transformer compartment with ventilation holes.
[0006] Optionally, the natural ventilation transformer substation enclosure includes a top cover with an air outlet and a transformer substation door with louvers; The low-voltage switchgear includes a side panel with ventilation holes, a top panel with ventilation holes, an instrument door with ventilation holes, a back panel for a high-current molded case circuit breaker with heat dissipation function, a high-current molded case circuit breaker, irregularly shaped heat dissipation vents for the upper and lower terminals of the molded case circuit breaker, and low-voltage components.
[0007] Optionally, a first air radiator connected to the transformer room is provided in the low-pressure room, and a second air radiator connected to the transformer room is provided in the high-pressure room.
[0008] Optionally, the first air guide radiator is truncated cone-shaped, with the upper bottom edge of the truncated cone of the first air guide radiator connecting to the outer shell of the transformer substation, and the lower bottom edge of the truncated cone of the first air guide radiator connecting to the partition between the low-voltage chamber and the transformer chamber with ventilation holes.
[0009] Optionally, a plurality of first ventilation holes are provided on the upper bottom edge of the truncated cone of the first air guide radiator, and a plurality of second ventilation holes are provided on the lower bottom edge of the truncated cone of the first air guide radiator.
[0010] Optionally, the cross-sectional area of the first ventilation hole is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second ventilation hole.
[0011] Optionally, the area of the upper base of the first air-guiding radiator's truncated cone is greater than the area of the lower base of the first air-guiding radiator's truncated cone.
[0012] Optionally, the second air guide radiator is truncated cone-shaped, with the upper bottom edge of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator connected to the transformer housing, and the lower bottom edge of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator connected to the partition between the high-voltage chamber and the transformer chamber with ventilation holes. The second air guide radiator has multiple third ventilation holes on the upper bottom edge of the truncated cone and multiple fourth ventilation holes on the lower bottom edge of the truncated cone. The area of the upper base of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator is greater than the area of the lower base of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator.
[0013] Optionally, the lower base of the truncated cone of the first air guide radiator and the lower base of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator do not overlap in the horizontal direction at least in part of their cross-sections.
[0014] Optionally, the partition between the high-voltage compartment and the transformer compartment with ventilation holes is provided with multiple fifth through holes, and at least one fifth through hole is connected to the air outlet of the top cover through a first copper pipe; The partition between the low-voltage chamber and the transformer chamber with ventilation holes is equipped with multiple sixth through holes, and at least one sixth through hole is connected to the air outlet of the top cover through a second copper pipe.
[0015] Beneficial technical effects: Traditional box-type substations rely on fans for ventilation, which is noisy and has drawn complaints from residents. Sometimes, installation issues can cause resonance when operating alongside the transformer, affecting the lives of nearby residents. Traditional box-type substations are large and temperature rise is not a major concern. However, due to limited land area, the size of box-type substations has been reduced, leading to stricter requirements on temperature rise. This invention addresses this issue by using transformers with lower temperature rise, designing a ventilated box-type substation casing, designing a low-voltage steel structure that meets temperature rise requirements, and optimizing the design of low-voltage components that meet temperature rise requirements. This achieves the goal of controlling the temperature rise of the box-type substation within 10K under natural ventilation conditions. This reduces economic losses caused by equipment failure, component aging, and fires due to temperature rise. At the same time, because it is natural ventilation, it reduces the raw material and labor costs associated with replacing fans.
[0016] By implementing cross-directional heat dissipation within the transformer substation, the uniformity of heat dissipation within the substation's internal space is improved. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a top view of a transformer substation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of a transformer substation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a low-voltage switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 4 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 Front view of the heat dissipation backplate of a high-current molded case circuit breaker.
[0021] Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A front view of the partition of the low-pressure chamber with ventilation function.
[0022] Figure 6 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 A front view of the partition wall of the high-pressure chamber with ventilation function.
[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the air-guiding radiator of the present invention, as shown in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.
[0025] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.
[0026] Example 1 exist Figure 1 In this diagram, number 1 is the transformer body, number 2 is the transformer enclosure with ventilation, number 3 is the low-voltage compartment partition with ventilation, number 4 is the high-voltage compartment partition with ventilation, number 5 is the low-voltage switchgear with ventilation and meeting temperature rise requirements, number 6 is the transformer with temperature rise requirements, number 7 is the transformer compartment with ventilation, number 8 is the low-voltage compartment with ventilation, number 9 is the high-voltage switchgear, and number 10 is the high-voltage compartment with ventilation.
[0027] exist Figure 2 Among them, serial number 11 is the transformer substation top cover with an air outlet, and serial number 12 is the transformer substation door with louvers for ventilation.
[0028] exist Figure 3 In the above, serial number 31 is a low-voltage switchgear with ventilation function, serial number 32 is a ventilation side sealing plate of the low-voltage switchgear, serial number 33 is a molded case circuit breaker that meets the temperature rise requirements, serial number 34 is a heat dissipation back plate of a high-current molded case circuit breaker, serial number 35 is a special-shaped copper busbar with heat dissipation function, serial number 36 is an instrument door panel with ventilation function, and serial number 37 is a top plate with ventilation function.
[0029] A naturally ventilated transformer substation includes: a naturally ventilated transformer substation enclosure, a low-voltage compartment, a high-voltage compartment, a transformer compartment, a low-voltage switchgear and a high-voltage switchgear with heat dissipation function, a transformer with heat dissipation function, a partition between the high-voltage compartment and the transformer compartment with ventilation holes, and a partition between the low-voltage compartment and the transformer compartment with ventilation holes.
[0030] The natural ventilation transformer substation enclosure includes a top cover with an air outlet and a transformer substation door with louvers.
[0031] The low-voltage switchgear includes a side panel with ventilation holes, a top panel with ventilation holes, an instrument door with ventilation holes, a back panel for a high-current molded case circuit breaker with heat dissipation function, a high-current molded case circuit breaker, irregularly shaped heat dissipation vents for the upper and lower terminals of the molded case circuit breaker, and low-voltage components.
[0032] The top plate of the low-voltage switchgear with ventilation holes and the instrument door of the low-voltage switchgear with ventilation holes are installed on the cabinet of the low-voltage switchgear.
[0033] The back plate of the high-current molded case circuit breaker with heat dissipation function is painted with black paint for good heat dissipation.
[0034] The painted backplate of the high-current molded case circuit breaker is installed on the high-current molded case circuit breaker.
[0035] The irregularly shaped heat dissipation copper busbars at the upper and lower terminals of the molded case circuit breaker are installed on the high-current molded case circuit breaker.
[0036] The high-current molded case circuit breaker assembly is installed on the low-voltage cabinet, and various low-voltage components are assembled in the low-voltage cabinet with heat dissipation function.
[0037] The high-voltage and transformer room partition with ventilation holes, the low-voltage and transformer room partition with ventilation holes, the top cover with air outlet, and the transformer box door with louvers are installed together to form the natural ventilation transformer box shell of the low-voltage room, high-voltage room, and transformer room.
[0038] The transformer with heat dissipation function, the high-voltage switchgear, and the low-voltage switchgear with heat dissipation function are combined to form a naturally ventilated box-type transformer.
[0039] Example 2 This embodiment is an improvement based on Embodiment 1.
[0040] A naturally ventilated transformer substation includes: a naturally ventilated transformer substation enclosure, a low-voltage compartment, a high-voltage compartment, a transformer compartment, a low-voltage switchgear and a high-voltage switchgear with heat dissipation function, a transformer with heat dissipation function, a partition between the high-voltage compartment and the transformer compartment with ventilation holes, and a partition between the low-voltage compartment and the transformer compartment with ventilation holes.
[0041] The natural ventilation transformer substation enclosure includes a top cover with an air outlet and a transformer substation door with louvers; The low-voltage switchgear includes a side panel with ventilation holes, a top panel with ventilation holes, an instrument door with ventilation holes, a back panel for a high-current molded case circuit breaker with heat dissipation function, a high-current molded case circuit breaker, irregularly shaped heat dissipation vents for the upper and lower terminals of the molded case circuit breaker, and low-voltage components.
[0042] Optionally, the irregularly shaped heat sink can be angular, triangular, quadrilateral, or semi-circular.
[0043] like Figure 7As shown, the transformer in the box-type substation generates the most heat, and improving the heat dissipation performance of the transformer compartment is the key to controlling the temperature rise of the box-type substation.
[0044] In this embodiment, a first air radiator 101 connected to the transformer room is provided in the low-pressure room, and a second air radiator 102 connected to the transformer room is provided in the high-pressure room.
[0045] Preferably, the first air guide radiator is truncated cone-shaped, with the upper base of the truncated cone connecting to the transformer housing and the lower base of the truncated cone connecting to the partition between the low-voltage chamber and the transformer chamber with ventilation holes.
[0046] Preferably, the first air-guiding radiator has a plurality of first ventilation holes on the upper bottom edge of the truncated cone and a plurality of second ventilation holes on the lower bottom edge of the truncated cone.
[0047] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the first ventilation hole is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second ventilation hole.
[0048] Preferably, the area of the upper base of the truncated cone of the first air guide radiator is greater than the area of the lower base of the truncated cone of the first air guide radiator.
[0049] Preferably, the second air guide radiator is truncated cone-shaped, with the upper bottom edge of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator connected to the outer shell of the transformer substation, and the lower bottom edge of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator connected to the partition between the high-voltage chamber and the transformer chamber with ventilation holes.
[0050] Preferably, the second air-guiding radiator has a plurality of third ventilation holes on the upper bottom edge of the truncated cone and a plurality of fourth ventilation holes on the lower bottom edge of the truncated cone.
[0051] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the third ventilation hole is larger than that of the fourth ventilation hole.
[0052] Preferably, the area of the upper base of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator is greater than the area of the lower base of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator.
[0053] Preferably, the lower base of the truncated cone of the first air guide radiator and the lower base of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator do not overlap in the horizontal direction at least in part of the cross section, thereby accelerating the heat dissipation performance at different heights in the horizontal direction.
[0054] With the above configuration, natural wind can pass through the first conical air guide radiator. Since the diameter of the first air guide radiator decreases towards the transformer room, the natural wind flow is accelerated on the transformer side based on Bernoulli's principle, thereby accelerating the heat dissipation of the transformer room.
[0055] Understandably, the heat in the transformer room flows out through the top cover with air vents or the side door with louvers.
[0056] Optionally, the partition between the high-voltage compartment and the transformer compartment with ventilation holes is provided with multiple fifth through holes, and at least one fifth through hole is connected to the air outlet of the top cover through a first copper pipe, thereby improving the longitudinal thermal energy performance of the transformer compartment.
[0057] Optionally, the first copper pipe intersects with at least one second air-guiding radiator, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area.
[0058] Optionally, the partition between the low-voltage compartment and the transformer compartment with ventilation holes is provided with multiple sixth through holes, and at least one sixth through hole is connected to the air outlet of the top cover through a second copper pipe, thereby further improving the longitudinal thermal energy performance of the transformer compartment.
[0059] Optionally, the second copper pipe intersects with at least one first air-guiding radiator, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area.
[0060] Optionally, both the first and second air-guided radiators are made of stainless steel.
[0061] The aforementioned horizontal and vertical heat dissipation arrangements improve heat dissipation in the cross directions inside the transformer substation, enhance the uniformity of heat dissipation within the substation's internal space, and reduce economic losses caused by equipment failures, component aging, and fires due to temperature rise. At the same time, because it is natural ventilation, it reduces the raw material and labor costs associated with replacing fans.
[0062] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.
[0063] It should be noted that the sequence numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.
[0064] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, and any combination of embodiments or solutions, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A naturally ventilated transformer substation, characterized in that, include: Natural ventilation transformer enclosure, low-voltage chamber, high-voltage chamber, transformer chamber, low-voltage and high-voltage switchgear with heat dissipation function, transformer with heat dissipation function, high-voltage chamber and transformer chamber partition with ventilation holes, and low-voltage chamber and transformer chamber partition with ventilation holes.
2. The naturally ventilated transformer substation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The natural ventilation transformer substation enclosure includes a top cover with an air outlet and a transformer substation door with louvers; The low-voltage switchgear includes a side panel with ventilation holes, a top panel with ventilation holes, an instrument door with ventilation holes, a back panel for a high-current molded case circuit breaker with heat dissipation function, a high-current molded case circuit breaker, irregularly shaped heat dissipation vents for the upper and lower terminals of the molded case circuit breaker, and low-voltage components.
3. The naturally ventilated transformer substation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A first air radiator connected to the transformer room is installed in the low-pressure room, and a second air radiator connected to the transformer room is installed in the high-pressure room.
4. The naturally ventilated transformer substation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first air guide radiator is truncated cone-shaped. The upper bottom edge of the truncated cone of the first air guide radiator is connected to the outer shell of the transformer substation, and the lower bottom edge of the truncated cone of the first air guide radiator is connected to the partition between the low-voltage chamber and the transformer chamber with ventilation holes.
5. The naturally ventilated transformer substation as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first air-guiding radiator has multiple first ventilation holes on the upper bottom edge of the truncated cone and multiple second ventilation holes on the lower bottom edge of the truncated cone.
6. The naturally ventilated transformer substation as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of the first ventilation hole is larger than that of the second ventilation hole.
7. The naturally ventilated transformer substation as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The area of the upper base of the first air-guiding radiator's truncated cone is greater than the area of the lower base of the first air-guiding radiator's truncated cone.
8. The naturally ventilated transformer substation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second air guide radiator is truncated cone-shaped. The upper bottom edge of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator is connected to the outer shell of the transformer substation, and the lower bottom edge of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator is connected to the partition between the high-voltage chamber and the transformer chamber with ventilation holes. The second air guide radiator has multiple third ventilation holes on the upper bottom edge of the truncated cone and multiple fourth ventilation holes on the lower bottom edge of the truncated cone. The area of the upper base of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator is greater than the area of the lower base of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator.
9. The naturally ventilated transformer substation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The lower base of the truncated cone of the first air guide radiator and the lower base of the truncated cone of the second air guide radiator do not coincide in the horizontal direction at least in part of their cross sections.
10. The naturally ventilated transformer substation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The partition between the high-voltage compartment and the transformer compartment with ventilation holes is provided with multiple fifth through holes, and at least one fifth through hole is connected to the air outlet of the top cover through a first copper pipe. The partition between the low-voltage chamber and the transformer chamber with ventilation holes is equipped with multiple sixth through holes, and at least one sixth through hole is connected to the air outlet of the top cover through a second copper pipe.