Coal mine major equipment supervision method and system based on HarmonyOS

Abstract

The invention relates to a coal mine major equipment supervision method and system based on HarmonyOS, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety production. The system solves the problems that existing major equipment monitoring subsystems are separated, data are isolated, unified specifications are lacked, alarming is not timely and the like, standardized automatic collection of equipment such as an elevator, a drainage system, a main ventilator, a belt conveyor, a gas drainage pump and the like is achieved through the unified specifications based on an OPC UA protocol, high-concurrency data uploading and persistent storage are achieved through Kafka, and real-time monitoring is achieved. The background carries out fault self-diagnosis and safety brief report generation, interacts with a mobile terminal APP based on a HarmonyOS of a Kwan Mongolia operating system through a standard WebAPI, and integrates the functions of equipment file query, operation condition monitoring, process configuration diagram and video real-time monitoring, active alarm pushing, focus attention and safety brief report. The system realizes mobile supervision of major coal mine equipment anytime and anywhere.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine safety production technology, and relates to a method and system for monitoring major coal mine equipment based on HarmonyOS. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most coal mine equipment management systems, both domestically and internationally, employ a single subsystem to manage electromechanical equipment. These subsystems operate in isolation, and equipment monitoring data is not shared. Many coal mines only implement web-based equipment condition monitoring, using databases to record equipment operation data and providing data query functions through charts and reports. Troubleshooting primarily relies on manual work orders and verbal reports of results, indicating a relatively outdated equipment maintenance approach.

[0003] The current supervision of major equipment in coal mines has the following prominent problems: there is a lack of unified standards and specifications for the collection, uploading and storage of equipment monitoring data; the business of each electromechanical equipment monitoring subsystem is separated, making it impossible to achieve data sharing and integrated supervision; the equipment monitoring system does not perform in-depth analysis and processing of fault data and lacks key functional modules such as safety briefings and key focus areas; there is a lack of remote information supervision means, making it difficult to push abnormal equipment alarm information in real time, and equipment supervision is difficult to overcome time and space limitations.

[0004] In existing technologies, monitoring data for critical equipment such as hoists, drainage systems, main ventilation fans, belt conveyors, and gas extraction pumps primarily rely on collection from their respective independent subsystems. This results in heterogeneous data formats and inconsistent interface protocols, making it difficult for regulatory authorities to achieve unified, real-time control over the operational status of all critical equipment in the mine. Existing mobile monitoring methods are mostly developed based on Android or Apple operating systems, offering limited functionality, only enabling simple data queries and chart displays. They lack advanced features such as real-time video monitoring, proactive alarm push notifications, dynamic display of process configuration diagrams, and automatic generation of safety briefings. Furthermore, the lack of high-throughput message queue technology leads to high latency and data loss during the uploading of massive amounts of monitoring data, failing to meet the real-time and reliability requirements of intelligent coal mine monitoring.

[0005] In addition, existing coal mine major equipment monitoring systems generally lack standardized data collection methods based on a unified information model, which cannot effectively solve the problem of heterogeneous equipment access; they lack efficient message middleware support, making it difficult to cope with high-concurrency data upload scenarios; and mobile monitoring terminals have significant shortcomings in system architecture, message push mechanism, and video stream transmission performance, making it difficult to meet the core needs of supervisors to monitor equipment status anytime and anywhere, receive abnormal alarms in a timely manner, and remotely view on-site videos.

[0006] In view of this, there is an urgent need for a technical solution based on unified standards for data collection, efficient data transmission, in-depth data analysis, and mobile monitoring based on the HarmonyOS operating system, in order to realize the full life-cycle information-based monitoring of major coal mine equipment, solve key problems such as data silos, lagging monitoring, and insufficient mobile means in existing technologies, and improve the level of information-based management of coal mine safety production. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for monitoring major coal mine equipment based on HarmonyOS. It achieves automatic data acquisition of major coal mine equipment data using the standard industrial control equipment data acquisition method based on OPC-UA; utilizes the high throughput, low latency, and high concurrency characteristics of Kafka to achieve efficient uploading of acquired equipment data; and realizes efficient data interaction between the backend and mobile terminal through the standard WebAPI protocol interface. Based on the HarmonyOS system architecture, a mobile monitoring system for major mining equipment has been developed, integrating functions such as equipment file query, operating condition monitoring, monitoring process configuration diagrams, video surveillance, alarm and anomaly push notifications, key focus areas, and safety briefings. This mobile monitoring of major electromechanical equipment addresses practical problems such as difficulty in obtaining operating status information of major equipment, untimely equipment fault notifications, lack of remote monitoring methods, and lack of fault diagnosis and analysis, thereby improving the level of information management of major equipment.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for monitoring major equipment in coal mines based on HarmonyOS includes the following steps: Real-time data acquisition of major coal mine equipment is carried out using a unified data acquisition standard based on the OPC UA protocol. The collected device data is uploaded and persistently stored through a Kafka message queue, which supports distributed deployment, horizontal scaling, message persistence, and at least once delivery semantics. The backend data service module analyzes and processes the uploaded data to enable self-diagnosis of equipment faults and generation of safety briefings; Data interaction with HarmonyOS-based mobile terminal APP is achieved through the standard WebAPI protocol interface; The mobile terminal APP receives and displays equipment files, operating conditions, process configuration diagrams, video monitoring screens, and abnormal alarm information, and actively pushes alarms and abnormalities through the HarmonyOS message push mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the steps for real-time data acquisition of major coal mine equipment using the unified data acquisition standard based on the OPC UA protocol specifically include: Develop coal mine coding standards, subsystem coding standards, and equipment data collection standards for hoists, drainage systems, main ventilation fans, belt conveyors, and gas extraction pumps. The equipment data collection standards shall comply with the requirements of the "Coal Mine Sensing Data Access Standard" and shall include at least the following parameters: hoist operating status, hoisting speed, motor current, voltage, power, lubricating oil pressure, hydraulic station pressure, drainage pump motor current, voltage, power, suction pressure, drainage pressure, flow rate, bearing temperature, vibration, main ventilation fan voltage, current, power, bearing vibration, negative pressure, air volume, belt running speed, coal pile-up, deviation, longitudinal tearing, overheating, methane concentration of gas extraction pumps, pipeline negative pressure, carbon monoxide concentration, and flow rate. The underlying heterogeneous device data is converted into unified OPC UA information model nodes using an OPC UA server and data acquisition components. The above parameters of the hoist, drainage system, main ventilation fan, belt conveyor, and gas extraction pump are automatically collected through OPC UA client subscription.

[0010] Furthermore, the step of uploading and persistently storing the collected device data via a Kafka message queue, wherein the Kafka message queue supports distributed deployment, horizontal scaling, message persistence, and at least-once delivery semantics, specifically includes: The data acquisition program serializes the collected raw data and writes it to the specified topic in Kafka; Kafka consumer programs consume data from topics in real time, perform format validation and compliance checks, and then write the data to the database of the coal mine major equipment supervision system.

[0011] Furthermore, the mobile terminal APP achieves real-time video monitoring of critical equipment sites through the Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP), specifically including: Discover monitoring devices and obtain RTSP addresses via the local area network; Establish an RTSP session by sequentially sending the OPTIONS, DESCRIBE, SETUP, and PLAY commands; The video stream is received via Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP), where the underlying transport protocol of RTP is UDP or TCP. The HarmonyOS media decoding interface is used to decode the received H.264 or H.265 encoded video streams and render and display them in real time on the SurfaceProvider.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific steps for proactively pushing alarms and anomalies through the HarmonyOS message push mechanism are as follows: After the server detects a fault according to the device anomaly rules, it writes an alarm message containing information such as device type, device status and alarm duration into the push queue. The background Service process of the mobile terminal APP maintains a long connection and receives alarm messages pushed by the server in real time; After the app deduplicates and checks whether the received alarm messages have been read, it displays the message in the system status bar and issues a voice reminder via the Notification service.

[0013] Furthermore, the mobile terminal APP also includes a safety briefing generation function. The safety briefing automatically generates daily, weekly, and monthly reports containing a list of key devices, fault trends, and hazard statistics by statistically analyzing historical and real-time monitoring data.

[0014] A coal mine major equipment monitoring system based on HarmonyOS includes a data acquisition module, a data upload and storage module, a data service module, a data interaction interface module, and a mobile terminal APP module that sequentially perform data interaction. The data acquisition module uses a unified standard based on the OPC UA protocol to collect real-time operating data of major coal mine equipment; The data upload and storage module uses a Kafka message queue to achieve high-concurrency upload and persistent storage of collected data; The data service module performs fault diagnosis analysis and generates security briefings on the stored data. The data interaction interface module adopts the standard WebAPI protocol; The mobile terminal APP module runs on the HarmonyOS system and enables functions such as equipment file query, operating condition monitoring, process configuration diagram display, real-time video monitoring, proactive alarm and anomaly push notifications, key focus, and safety briefings.

[0015] Furthermore, the data acquisition module includes an OPC UA server and multiple data acquisition adapters. The data acquisition adapters are connected to the underlying control systems of the hoist, drainage system, main ventilation fan, belt conveyor, and gas extraction pump, respectively, to convert heterogeneous data into a unified OPC UA address space node.

[0016] Furthermore, the mobile terminal APP module has a built-in RTSP client component, which is used to establish an RTSP session with the coal mine on-site monitoring camera and decode and display the video stream in real time.

[0017] Furthermore, the mobile terminal APP module includes a message push service background process that maintains a long connection with the server-side push service to receive device abnormal alarms and display them through system notifications.

[0018] Furthermore, the data service module includes a fault self-diagnosis engine, which performs limit judgment and trend analysis on parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, vibration, pressure, flow rate and methane concentration collected in real time based on preset thresholds and rules, and automatically generates a list of key equipment to be monitored.

[0019] Furthermore, the mobile terminal APP module uses the MPChart library to draw equipment operating condition curves and bar charts, uses WebView to load HTML5 process configuration diagrams, and uses ListView to display alarm records and operating logs in paginated form.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention achieves standardized automatic data acquisition for heterogeneous major equipment such as hoists, drainage systems, main ventilation fans, belt conveyors, and gas extraction pumps through a unified data acquisition standard based on the OPC UA protocol. It fundamentally solves the problems of inconsistent monitoring data formats and data silos between subsystems, and realizes the sharing and integrated supervision of monitoring data for major equipment throughout the mine.

[0021] This invention uses Kafka message queue for data uploading and persistent storage. By leveraging its distributed, high-throughput, and low-latency characteristics, it effectively solves the problems of high latency and easy loss when uploading massive amounts of monitoring data, ensuring the reliability and real-time performance of data transmission.

[0022] This invention performs in-depth analysis and processing of equipment status and abnormal alarm data through a background data service module, realizing the functions of equipment fault self-diagnosis and automatic generation of safety briefings. It makes up for the shortcomings of existing systems that only record data but lack intelligent analysis, enabling supervisors to grasp the trend of potential equipment hazards and key targets of attention in a timely manner.

[0023] This invention is a mobile terminal APP developed based on the HarmonyOS operating system. It integrates functions such as equipment file query, real-time monitoring of operating conditions, dynamic display of process configuration diagrams, real-time on-site video monitoring, proactive push of alarms and anomalies, key attention list, and safety briefings. It completely breaks through the bottleneck of traditional supervision being limited by time and space, and realizes comprehensive mobile supervision of major coal mine equipment by supervisors anytime and anywhere.

[0024] This invention deeply integrates standardized data collection, efficient transmission, in-depth analysis, and HarmonyOS mobile monitoring to form a complete closed-loop information-based monitoring system for major coal mine equipment. This significantly improves the timeliness of equipment anomaly alarms, the response speed of fault handling, and the effectiveness of remote monitoring, thereby comprehensively enhancing the safety management level and intelligence of major coal mine equipment.

[0025] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is the overall system design diagram; Figure 2 Data acquisition architecture diagram; Figure 3 Flowchart of message push notification process; Figure 4 For data interaction and visualization flowcharts; Figure 5 This is a system functional structure diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0028] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0029] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] Figure 1 This is the overall system design diagram of the present invention. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the coal mine major equipment monitoring system of this invention mainly consists of five parts: a data acquisition module, a data upload and storage module, a data service module, a data interaction interface module, and a mobile terminal APP module. The data acquisition module is located at the mine end and is connected to the underlying control system of various major equipment via industrial Ethernet; the data upload and storage module is deployed at the mine end or on a cloud server; the data service module and the data interaction interface module are deployed on a central server; and the mobile terminal APP module is installed on a mobile phone or tablet running the HarmonyOS operating system. These five parts are sequentially connected and interact with each other via industrial Ethernet, 4G / 5G public networks, or private networks.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a data acquisition architecture diagram of the present invention. (See diagram below.) Figure 2 As shown, the data acquisition module includes multiple data acquisition adapters, OPC UA middleware, and an OPC UA server. The underlying devices include a hoist PLC, a drainage pump frequency converter, a main ventilation fan frequency converter, a belt conveyor integrated protector, and a gas extraction pump monitoring host. Each adapter is responsible for converting its respective protocol data into OPC UA information model nodes. The OPC UA server exposes a unified address space, and upper-layer applications obtain real-time data through a subscription method.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the message push process of this invention. For example... Figure 3 As shown, when the data service module detects an anomaly, it first writes the alarm information to the push queue. The server push service then reads the queue and pushes it to the mobile terminal APP via a long connection. After receiving the message, the APP's background Service process performs deduplication and read confirmation checks, and then calls the system Notification service to display it in the status bar and issue a voice reminder. After the user clicks the notification, they enter the details interface and mark it as read.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the data interaction and visualization process of this invention. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the mobile terminal APP initiates an encrypted request to the standard WebAPI interface through the OKHTTP framework. The server returns data in GSON format. After decryption, the APP caches the data in the SQLite database, then uses MPChart to draw curve charts and bar charts, loads HTML5 process configuration diagrams through WebView, and renders real-time video streams through SurfaceProvider.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a functional structure diagram of the system of this invention. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the main interface of the mobile terminal APP includes seven primary functional modules: equipment files, operation monitoring, process configuration, video monitoring, message center, key focus, and safety briefing, with more than thirty secondary pages, enabling comprehensive mobile supervision of all major equipment in the mine.

[0035] Example 1 This embodiment is deployed in a large mine with an annual output of 5 million tons, covering five major types of equipment: inclined shaft hoist, main ventilation fan, main drainage system, belt conveyor, and gas extraction pump.

[0036] The workflow is as follows: 1. First, establish unified data collection standards.

[0037] The coal mine code uses a four-digit code for the group company plus a four-digit code for the coal mine. The code for this mine is 00010001.

[0038] 2. The coding specifications for the subsystems are shown in Table 1.

[0039] Table 1. Coding Table for Data Acquisition Subsystem

[0040] 3. Equipment data acquisition shall be strictly implemented in accordance with the requirements of the published "Coal Mine Sensing Data Access Specification (Trial)". Specifically: Table 2. Vertical Shaft Hoisting Monitoring Data

[0041] Table 3. Monitoring data for inclined shaft hoisting

[0042] Table 4 Drainage System Monitoring Data

[0043] Table 5 Main Ventilation Fan Monitoring Data

[0044] Table 6 Monitoring Data of Belt Conveyor

[0045] Table 7 Real-time monitoring data of gas drainage pumps

[0046] The data acquisition module deploys a high-performance industrial control computer as an OPC UA server under the industrial ring network switch at the mine. Existing subsystems of each device connect via dedicated adapters, which convert raw packets into OPC UA nodes. OPC UA clients subscribe to all nodes at 100-millisecond intervals to achieve real-time data acquisition.

[0047] The collected data is serialized by a dedicated upload program and then written to the "coal-device-raw" topic in the Kafka cluster. The Kafka cluster is deployed in a three-node distributed architecture, configured with at least once delivery semantics and a seven-day log retention period. The consumer program consumes the topic data in real time, performs format validation and encoding standard checks, and then writes it to the central Oracle database.

[0048] The data service module performs threshold judgments and trend analysis on the latest data every second. Once abnormalities are detected, such as motor current exceeding 120% of the rated value, bearing temperature exceeding 80 degrees Celsius, methane concentration exceeding 1%, or negative pressure falling below the set value, the fault self-diagnosis engine is immediately triggered to generate alarm records and automatically generate safety briefings.

[0049] The mobile app is installed on the Huawei Mate series phones of the supervisors. After launching the app, it first registers the device ID and starts the push service process. After logging in, users can see a real-time overview of the operating status of five types of equipment in the entire mine on the homepage: green indicates normal, yellow indicates warning, and red indicates fault. Clicking on any device will take you to the details page, where you can view the current, pressure, and temperature curves plotted by MPChart over the past 24 hours. Clicking the process configuration button loads a dynamic SVG configuration diagram via WebView, and clicking the video button allows you to view the equipment's on-site footage in real time via the RTSP protocol.

[0050] When the main ventilator bearing vibration exceeds the threshold, the server will push an alarm to the mobile phones of all online supervisors within 3 seconds. A notification will pop up in the status bar and announce in voice, "The main ventilator bearing vibration is abnormal. Please handle it immediately." Users can click on the notification to jump directly to the ventilator details page and watch the live video, realizing a closed loop of the entire process from anomaly detection to on-site confirmation.

[0051] Example 2 This embodiment adds a blower and a power monitoring system to the same mine to further verify the system's scalability.

[0052] The newly added subsystem codes can directly use the reserved codes 1006 and 1007 in Table 1.

[0053] The newly added data acquisition specifications fully reuse the standardized framework of Example 1, only adding nodes such as compressor supply pressure, flow rate, and motor temperature, as well as nodes such as incoming current, voltage, and power factor of the 10kV substation. Seamless access can be achieved by adding two adapters, without modifying the core code of the OPC UA server.

[0054] Video surveillance functionality is fully utilized in this embodiment. The mine has deployed 20 Hikvision high-definition cameras in the hoist room, main pump room, and ventilation room. The app displays all footage in a nine-grid layout within the video surveillance module. Users can view a single image in full screen or select any video for low-latency, smooth playback via the RTSP protocol. The playback process strictly follows... Figure 3 As shown: First, the device is discovered via the ONVIF protocol, DESCRIBE is sent to obtain SDP information, SETUP negotiates UDP transmission, PLAY receives RTP packets, HarmonyOS media decoder decodes H.264 video stream in real time, and finally renders it on SurfaceProvider.

[0055] In this embodiment, the safety briefing function automatically generates a report on equipment operation for the previous 24 hours at 8:00 AM every day. The report includes a list of key equipment, statistics on the number of failures, and trend warning information. The report is pushed to the mobile phones of leaders such as mine managers and chief engineers through the APP homepage and message center, enabling senior supervisors to have a daily overview of the health status of the equipment.

[0056] Through the actual operation of the above two embodiments, the system of the present invention has realized a complete closed loop of comprehensive supervision of major coal mine equipment, from standardized data collection, high-concurrency uploading, intelligent analysis to HarmonyOS mobile terminal. It has completely solved the problems of data silos, alarm delays and lack of mobile means in traditional supervision methods, and significantly improved the level of information management of mine safety production.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring major equipment in coal mines based on HarmonyOS, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Real-time data acquisition of major coal mine equipment is carried out using a unified data acquisition standard based on the OPC UA protocol. The collected device data is uploaded and persistently stored through a Kafka message queue, which supports distributed deployment, horizontal scaling, message persistence, and at least once delivery semantics. The backend data service module analyzes and processes the uploaded data to enable self-diagnosis of equipment faults and generation of safety briefings; Data interaction with HarmonyOS-based mobile terminal APP is achieved through the standard WebAPI protocol interface; The mobile terminal APP receives and displays equipment files, operating conditions, process configuration diagrams, video monitoring screens, and abnormal alarm information, and actively pushes alarms and abnormalities through the HarmonyOS message push mechanism.

2. The method for monitoring major coal mine equipment based on HarmonyOS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for real-time data acquisition of major coal mine equipment using the unified data acquisition standard based on the OPC UA protocol specifically include: Develop coal mine coding standards, subsystem coding standards, and equipment data collection standards for hoists, drainage systems, main ventilation fans, belt conveyors, and gas extraction pumps. The equipment data collection standards shall comply with the requirements of the "Coal Mine Sensing Data Access Standard" and shall include at least the following parameters: hoist operating status, hoisting speed, motor current, voltage, power, lubricating oil pressure, hydraulic station pressure, drainage pump motor current, voltage, power, suction pressure, drainage pressure, flow rate, bearing temperature, vibration, main ventilation fan voltage, current, power, bearing vibration, negative pressure, air volume, belt running speed, coal pile-up, deviation, longitudinal tearing, overheating, methane concentration of gas extraction pumps, pipeline negative pressure, carbon monoxide concentration, and flow rate. The underlying heterogeneous device data is converted into unified OPC UA information model nodes using an OPC UA server and data acquisition components. The above parameters of the hoist, drainage system, main ventilation fan, belt conveyor, and gas extraction pump are automatically collected through OPC UA client subscription.

3. A method for monitoring major coal mine equipment based on HarmonyOS according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The step of uploading and persistently storing the collected device data through a Kafka message queue, wherein the Kafka message queue supports distributed deployment, horizontal scaling, message persistence, and at least-once delivery semantics, specifically includes: The data acquisition program serializes the collected raw data and writes it to the specified topic in Kafka; Kafka consumer programs consume data from topics in real time, perform format validation and compliance checks, and then write the data to the database of the coal mine major equipment supervision system.

4. A method for monitoring major coal mine equipment based on HarmonyOS according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The mobile terminal APP enables real-time video monitoring of critical equipment sites via the Real-time Streaming Protocol (RTSP), specifically including: Discover monitoring devices and obtain RTSP addresses via the local area network; Establish an RTSP session by sequentially sending the OPTIONS, DESCRIBE, SETUP, and PLAY commands; The video stream is received via Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP), where the underlying transport protocol of RTP is UDP or TCP. The HarmonyOS media decoding interface is used to decode the received H.264 or H.265 encoded video streams and render and display them in real time on the SurfaceProvider.

5. A method for monitoring major coal mine equipment based on HarmonyOS according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The specific steps for proactively pushing alarms and anomalies using the HarmonyOS message push mechanism are as follows: After the server detects a fault according to the device anomaly rules, it writes an alarm message containing information such as device type, device status and alarm duration into the push queue. The background Service process of the mobile terminal APP maintains a long connection and receives alarm messages pushed by the server in real time; After the app deduplicates and checks whether the received alarm messages have been read, it displays the message in the system status bar and issues a voice reminder via the Notification service.

6. A method for monitoring major coal mine equipment based on HarmonyOS according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The mobile terminal APP also includes a safety briefing generation function. The safety briefing automatically generates daily, weekly and monthly reports containing a list of key devices, fault trends and hidden danger statistics by statistically analyzing historical and real-time monitoring data.

7. A coal mine major equipment monitoring system based on HarmonyOS, characterized in that: It includes a data acquisition module, a data upload and storage module, a data service module, a data interaction interface module, and a mobile terminal APP module, which perform data interaction in sequence. The data acquisition module uses a unified standard based on the OPC UA protocol to collect real-time operating data of major coal mine equipment; The data upload and storage module uses a Kafka message queue to achieve high-concurrency upload and persistent storage of collected data; The data service module performs fault diagnosis analysis and generates security briefings on the stored data. The data interaction interface module adopts the standard WebAPI protocol; The mobile terminal APP module runs on the HarmonyOS system and enables functions such as equipment file query, operating condition monitoring, process configuration diagram display, real-time video monitoring, proactive alarm and anomaly push notifications, key focus, and safety briefings.

8. A coal mine major equipment monitoring system based on HarmonyOS according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes an OPC UA server and multiple data acquisition adapters. The data acquisition adapters are connected to the underlying control systems of the hoist, drainage system, main ventilation fan, belt conveyor, and gas extraction pump, respectively, to convert heterogeneous data into unified OPC UA address space nodes.

9. A coal mine major equipment monitoring system based on HarmonyOS according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The mobile terminal APP module has a built-in RTSP client component, which is used to establish an RTSP session with the coal mine on-site monitoring camera and decode and display the video stream in real time.

10. A coal mine major equipment monitoring system based on HarmonyOS according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The mobile terminal APP module includes a message push service background process that maintains a long connection with the server-side push service to receive device abnormal alarms and display them through system notifications.

11. A coal mine major equipment monitoring system based on HarmonyOS according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that: The data service module includes a fault self-diagnosis engine. Based on preset thresholds and rules, the engine performs limit judgment and trend analysis on parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, vibration, pressure, flow rate and methane concentration collected in real time, and automatically generates a list of key equipment to be monitored.

12. A coal mine major equipment monitoring system based on HarmonyOS according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that: The mobile terminal APP module uses the MPChart library to draw equipment operating condition curves and bar charts, uses WebView to load HTML5 process configuration diagrams, and uses ListView to display alarm records and operating logs in paginated form.

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