Method and apparatus for efficient isotropic radiation power limitation for multi-beam communication

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a network entity may transmit during a first time interval according to a first effective isotropic radiation power (EIRP) limit, where the first EIRP limit is associated with a first beamforming vector corresponding to a single peak in a beam space, and transmit during a second time interval according to a second EIRP limit lower than the first EIRP limit, where the first EIRP limit is associated with a second beamforming vector corresponding to a single peak in a beam space. Wherein the second EIRP restriction is used for a plurality of beam communication conditions. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 477,093, filed September 28, 2023, entitled “EFFECTIVE ISOTROPICRADIATED POWER LIMIT FOR MULTIPLE BEAM COMMUNICATION”, assigned to the assignee of this application. The disclosure of the earlier application is considered part of this patent application and is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] All aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication in general, and to techniques and apparatus for limiting effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) for communication using beamforming vectors having multiple main lobes or peaks in a beam pattern or beam space. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, broadcasting, or other similar services. These wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies that enable communication with several users by sharing available wireless communication system resources.

[0005] Despite significant technological advancements in wireless communication systems over the years, challenges remain. For example, complex and dynamic environments can still attenuate or block signals between wireless transmitters and receivers. Therefore, there is a continuous expectation for improving the technical performance of wireless communication systems, including, for example: improving communication speed and data carrying capacity; improving the efficiency of shared communication media; reducing the power used by transmitters and receivers during communication; improving the reliability of wireless communication; avoiding redundant transmission and / or reception and related processing; improving the coverage area of ​​wireless communication; increasing the number and types of devices that can access the wireless communication system; increasing the ability of different types of devices to communicate with each other; and increasing the number and types of available wireless communication media. Therefore, there is a need for further improvements to wireless communication systems to overcome the aforementioned technical challenges and other obstacles. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed by a network entity. The method may include: transmitting during a first time interval according to a first effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) limit, wherein the first EIRP limit is associated with a first beamforming vector corresponding to a single peak in the beam space; and transmitting during a second time interval according to a second EIRP limit lower than the first EIRP limit, wherein the second EIRP limit is for multi-beam (multi-beam) communication conditions, wherein the beamforming vector has multiple peaks in the beam space.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for wireless communication performed by a device. The method may include performing an EIRP measurement using a plurality of beamforming vectors, the plurality of beamforming vectors including at least a first set of beamforming vectors, each beamforming vector in the first set having only one peak in the beam space; and a second set of beamforming vectors, each beamforming vector in the second set having at least two peaks in the beam space. The method may also include using the EIRP measurement to provide an EIRP value.

[0008] Other aspects provide: an apparatus capable of operating to, configured to, or otherwise adapted to perform any or more of the foregoing methods and / or those methods described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and illustrated therein; a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor of the apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the foregoing methods and / or those methods described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and illustrated therein; a computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium including code for performing the foregoing methods and / or those methods described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and illustrated therein; and / or an apparatus comprising components for performing the foregoing methods and / or those methods described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and illustrated therein. By way of example, an apparatus may include a processing system, a device having a processing system, or a processing system cooperating via one or more networks.

[0009] The features and technical advantages of the examples according to this disclosure have been summarized rather extensively above in order to better understand the detailed description below. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be readily used as the basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose as this disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, in both their organization and manner of operation, and the associated advantages, will be better understood by considering the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each of the drawings provided is for illustrative and descriptive purposes and not as a definition of limitation of the claims.

[0010] While aspects are described herein by way of example, those skilled in the art will understand that such aspects can be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. The techniques described herein can be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and / or package arrangements. For example, some aspects can be implemented via integrated chip implementations or other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user equipment, vehicles, communication equipment, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / shopping devices, medical devices, and / or artificial intelligence devices). Aspects can be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, and / or system-level components. Devices incorporating the described aspects and features may include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals may include one or more components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, and / or summers). The aspects described herein are intended to be practiced in a wide variety of devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, and / or end-user equipment of various sizes, shapes, and configurations. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To gain a full understanding of the foregoing features of this disclosure, a more specific description of the invention, briefly outlined above, can be obtained by referring to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be considered as limiting its scope, as other equally valid aspects are permissible in this description. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0012] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication network according to this disclosure is depicted.

[0013] Figure 2 Various aspects of an example base station and user equipment according to this disclosure are described.

[0014] Figure 3 An example decomposed base station architecture according to this disclosure is described.

[0015] Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D Various aspects of the data structure of the wireless communication network according to this disclosure are described.

[0016] Figure 5This is a diagram illustrating examples of a first effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) limit and a second EIRP limit as a function of elevation angle according to this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of EIRP measurement using a first beamforming vector and a second beamforming vector according to this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of an example method for wireless communication.

[0019] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of an example method for wireless communication.

[0020] Figure 9 The diagram illustrates an example of a specific implementation of code and circuitry for a communication device according to this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 10 The diagram illustrates an example of a specific implementation of code and circuitry for a communication device according to this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 11 This is a diagram of example components of a device associated with EIRP measurements. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Various aspects of this disclosure provide apparatus, methods, processing systems, and computer-readable media for providing effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) limiting for multi-beam (multi-beam) communication, thereby capturing multi-beam effects in an EIRP masking specification to avoid interference.

[0024] Wireless communication devices (such as radio units (RUs), transmit-receive points (TRPs), gNBs, or user equipment (UEs)) can use beamforming for communication. At the transmitter, beamforming typically involves transmitting using spatial parameters such as beamforming vectors. Compared to non-beamforming transmission, such as pseudo-omnidirectional transmission, beamforming can increase gain while covering a relatively small area. The beamforming vector can be determined by the azimuth angle (...). The beamforming vector directs energy in the direction defined by the azimuth (θ) and elevation (θ) (a single angular pair such as azimuth and elevation). For example, the beamforming vector can lead to... A directional beam with a single energy peak is used. In some examples, a transmitter can transmit signals via a beamforming vector with multiple energy peaks. This could be because the transmitter uses a single beamforming vector with two energy peaks, or because transmissions come from multiple transmitters, each with a beamforming vector having only one energy peak. A beam (or set of beams) with multiple energy peaks may be referred to herein as a multi-beam. Multi-beams can serve multiple UEs simultaneously. For example, a transmitter's first antenna panel can transmit to a first UE, and a transmitter's second antenna panel can transmit to a second UE.

[0025] “Coexistence” can refer to configuring different radio technologies (such as radio access technologies and other radio technologies) to mitigate the negative impact of radio transmissions on each other. Recent coexistence issues have arisen in the spectrum designated as C-band or C-wave. Specifically, aircraft radio altimeters (RAs) can operate in the 4.2 GHz–4.4 GHz range, and some cellular services in certain geographic locations (e.g., the United States) can operate at frequencies up to 3.98 GHz. Radiated leakage from cellular equipment to RAs can lead to safety issues and poor RA performance.

[0026] Spectrum sharing between terrestrial and satellite services is possible, such as for intermediate frequencies (e.g., frequency range 3 (FR3), between 7.125 GHz and 24.25 GHz). Similar issues can be seen at millimeter-wave carrier frequencies using large antenna arrays (such as antenna arrays with more than 64 antenna elements at gNBs, customer premises equipment (CPEs), etc.). As the carrier frequency increases, even more antennas can be used at frequency ranges 4 or 5 (FR4 / 5) at both gNBs and UEs. Furthermore, in more advanced networks, the density and variety of network nodes (e.g., infrastructure nodes such as repeaters, relays, intelligent reflector (IRS) nodes, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes) may increase, which can be referred to as hyper-densification. Interference generated by these nodes that affects existing services or operations can be problematic. In addition, some parties are considering the coexistence of terrestrial networks and air-to-ground (ATG) networks, where ATG base stations can provide services to users in aircraft at altitudes ranging from 3 km to 10 km. In these contexts, minimizing interference from older BS systems on the sky may be beneficial.

[0027] One way to improve the coexistence of wireless communication devices (e.g., gNB, UE) with other devices is to specify limits on the radiated power of the wireless communication devices. For example, regulatory agencies or standards can impose limits on the effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of a transmitter. EIRP is the hypothetical power that must be radiated by an isotropic antenna to give the same (“equivalent”) signal strength as the actual source antenna in the direction of the antenna’s strongest beam. Thus, EIRP is a representation of the power density radiated in directions such as those corresponding to the main lobe of the beam (e.g., the energy peak) or the side lobes / back lobes of the beam. EIRP can also be measured at any point on a sphere around the transmitter, as defined by azimuth and elevation angles.

[0028] EIRP limits specify the allowed EIRP for a transmitter. EIRP limits or a set of EIRP limits on a set of elevation and / or azimuth angles can be referred to as an EIRP mask. For example, an EIRP mask can be defined as the maximum allowed set of EIRP values ​​as a function of the elevation angle from the transmitter (such as a terrestrial network node or gNB). In some examples, EIRP limits may correspond to specific elevation angles or elevation ranges, which can help control the transmission of terrestrial transmitters at specific elevation angles (such as above the horizon). For example, a first EIRP limit can be specified at a first elevation angle, a second EIRP limit can be specified at a second elevation angle, and so on. The radiated power of the transmitter can be limited to at most the first EIRP limit when measured at the first elevation angle, and to at most the second EIRP limit when measured at the second elevation angle. Therefore, spectrum sharing with existing services (such as RA) is improved.

[0029] Multi-beam transmission, which can be used in multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communications, can present challenges compared to single-beam transmission. For example, beamforming transmission from two antenna panels of a gNB to two UEs can result in a third UE experiencing the combined effects of beamforming transmissions to the two UEs. The combined effect of the two beams can lead to an increased sidelobe level perceived at the third UE, compared to the case where the gNB transmits to only one of the two UEs. If the two directional beams from the gNB to the two UEs are well separated from each other, and the antenna array size at the third UE exceeds a certain antenna element threshold, the sidelobe observed at the third UE can be the sum of contributions from each beam (from the gNB to each of the two UEs). Otherwise, the two beams may interact with each other, and the interference / sidelobe levels can be more complex. Multi-beam transmission can also occur in a multi-transmitter-receiver (multi-TRP) context, where a single UE experiences interference due to transmissions from multiple TRPs (which may be intended for different UEs).

[0030] Furthermore, multi-beam transmission can introduce complexity to implementing EIRP constraints, such as EIRP masks. For example, multiple antenna panels can be used to generate multiple beams. The characteristics of the multiple beams (such as sidelobe / backlobe direction and amplitude) can differ for a single antenna panel from those for multiple panels. These characteristics may depend on: the direction of multi-beam energy distribution (e.g., if the direction is within the threshold angle separation, sidelobes can be significantly amplified in the selected direction used for interference estimation), how the available total radiated power is distributed in different directions across multiple panels or in the case of a single panel (e.g., if the total radiated power is more uniformly distributed, sidelobes can be amplified in a given direction used for interference estimation), and the array size of the antenna panels (e.g., a larger array size can make the peak direction stronger relative to other directions, resulting in overflow in the selected direction used for interference estimation). Therefore, the characteristics of the regulatory EIRP mask can be affected due to the use of multiple beams.

[0031] For example, consider the EIRP limit at elevation angle without the concept of multi-beam transmission. That is, the EIRP limit can be used in conjunction with K-discrete Fourier transform (DFT) beamforming vectors, where each beamforming vector directs energy in only a single direction within the beamspace. The beamspace can include a set of beamforming vectors in which the energy response is generated (e.g., a set of directions, angular ranges such as azimuth and / or elevation ranges, windows, etc.). For example, the beamspace can include a space containing the beam pattern response or gain response corresponding to a set of beamforming vectors of the transmitter. In some aspects, the beamspace can be referred to as a beam pattern. For multi-beam transmission, a given EIRP at elevation angle may be insufficient to represent the actual radiated power due to the sidelobes / backlobes / sublobes of multiple beams. Therefore, a given EIRP limit combined with only a single beam configuration may result in unacceptably large amounts of interference or radio leakage. Furthermore, limiting EIRP to a level that produces acceptable interference or radio leakage across all possible multi-beam configurations (including worst-case multi-beam configurations) and / or time instances may reduce the available transmit power of network nodes, thereby reducing coverage and throughput. Going further, test methods for EIRP limits corresponding to single-beam configurations may fail to account for multi-beam communication-specific issues that can affect the beam patterns generated for multi-beam communication. Therefore, using such test methods may lead to inaccurate beam characterization in multi-beam configurations, causing interference and hindering the deployment of multi-beam communications such as MU-MIMO.

[0032] This disclosure relates generally to multi-beam communication. Some aspects more specifically relate to EIRP constraints for multi-beam communication. In some aspects, a network entity may transmit according to a first EIRP constraint during a first time interval and according to a second EIRP constraint lower than the first EIRP constraint during a second time interval. The first EIRP constraint may be associated with a first beamforming vector corresponding to a single peak (e.g., an energy peak) in the beam space. The second EIRP constraint may be used for multi-beam communication conditions. For example, the second EIRP constraint may be associated with a second beamforming vector corresponding to two or more peaks in the beam space. In some aspects, the first time interval includes a first percentage (or fraction) of a time window, and the second time interval includes a second percentage (or fraction) of a time window, wherein the sum of the first percentage and the second percentage is 100%. In some aspects, the first EIRP constraint may be associated with a first beam direction, and the second EIRP constraint may be associated with a second set of beam directions (e.g., it may be associated with two or more peaks).

[0033] In some aspects, an apparatus may use multiple beamforming vectors to perform EIRP measurements, wherein the multiple beamforming vectors may include a set of second beamforming vectors, each second beamforming vector having at least two peaks in the beam space. The multiple beamforming vectors may also include a set of first beamforming vectors, each first beamforming vector having only one peak in the beam space. The apparatus may use EIRP measurements to provide EIRP values ​​(such as for EIRP limit determination). In some aspects, EIRP values ​​may use a weighted average of EIRP measurements, such as a weighted average. In some aspects, EIRP measurements may be performed according to a configuration indicating one or more parameters, such as the number of antenna panels, the array size of the antenna panels, the guidance parameters of the array of antenna panels, the peak orientation of the array, or the power distribution between two directions of the array.

[0034] The aspects of this disclosure can be used to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. In some aspects, by transmitting according to a first EIRP limit during a first time interval and according to a second EIRP limit lower than the first EIRP limit during a second time interval, the total radiated energy can be reduced, thereby reducing interference and radio leakage, compared to only complying with the first EIRP limit (which may not be suitable for multi-beam communication). Furthermore, the definitions of these proposed EIRP limits can be communicated via over-the-air signaling. Additionally, by transmitting according to the first EIRP limit at some times and according to the second EIRP limit at other times, the total transmit power or energy available to network entities is increased, thereby increasing throughput and coverage, compared to only complying with the second EIRP limit. By providing a first time interval including a first percentage of a time window and a second time interval including a second percentage of a time window, a duty cycle can be achieved, thereby enabling the prediction of EIRP levels at different times and reducing the impact of multi-beam communication. By associating the first EIRP limit with a first beam direction and the second EIRP limit with a second set of beam directions, the second EIRP can be implemented for sidelobe directions, and the first EIRP can be implemented for non-sidelobe directions.

[0035] In some aspects, performing EIRP measurements using multiple beamforming vectors, wherein these multiple beamforming vectors may include a set of second beamforming vectors, each having at least two peaks in the beam space, enables EIRP testing of multi-beam communication. For example, this EIRP testing can enable compliance with the first and second EIRP limitations described above. By using weighting (such as weighted averages) of EIRP measurements, specific azimuth or elevation angles can be weighted differently, thereby providing improved considerations for multi-beam communication issues such as sidelobes. Improved considerations for multi-beam communication issues are also provided by performing EIRP measurements according to a configuration indicating one or more parameters.

[0036] Various aspects of this disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any particular structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided to make this disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatus or methods practiced using structures, functionalities, or structures and functionalities other than or different from the aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the present claims.

[0037] Various devices and techniques will now be used to illustrate several aspects of a telecommunications system. These devices and techniques will be described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively, “elements”). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0038] Although terms generally associated with 5G or New Radio (NR) Radio Access Technology (RAT) may be used herein to describe aspects, aspects of this disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT and / or 5G and later (e.g., 6G) RATs.

[0039] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication network 100 according to this disclosure is depicted.

[0040] Generally, wireless communication network 100 includes various network entities (optionally, network elements or network nodes). Network entities are typically communication devices and / or communication functions performed by communication devices (e.g., UEs, base stations (BSs), components of BSs, servers, etc.). For example, various functions of the network and various devices associated with and interacting with the network can be considered network entities. Furthermore, wireless communication network 100 includes a terrestrial aspect such as terrestrial network entities (e.g., BS 110) and a non-terrestrial aspect such as satellite 140 and aircraft 145. The non-terrestrial aspect may include onboard network entities (e.g., one or more BSs) capable of communicating with other network elements (e.g., terrestrial BSs) and UEs.

[0041] In the depicted example, the wireless communication network 100 includes a BS 110, a UE 120, and one or more core networks (such as an evolved packet core (EPC) 160 and a 5G core (5GC) 190) that interoperate to provide communication services over various communication links, including wired and wireless links.

[0042] Figure 1 Various example UEs 120 are described, which may include cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, Global Positioning System (GPS) devices, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players, cameras, game consoles, tablets, smart devices, wearable devices, vehicles, electricity meters, air pumps, kitchen appliances, healthcare devices, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, Always On (AON) devices, edge processing devices, or other similar devices. UE 120 may also be referred to as mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, stations, mobile stations, subscriber stations, mobile subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, remote devices, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, or mobile phones, etc.

[0043] BS 110 can wirelessly communicate with UE 120 via communication link 170 (e.g., transmit signals to or receive signals from the UE). Communication link 170 between BS 110 and UE 120 can carry uplink (UL) (also known as reverse link) transmission from UE 120 to BS 110 and / or downlink (DL) (also known as forward link) transmission from BS 110 to UE 120. In various aspects, communication link 170 may utilize multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technologies, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity.

[0044] BS 110 may include, for example, NodeBs, enhanced NodeBs (eNBs), next-generation enhanced NodeBs (ng-eNBs), next-generation NodeBs (gNBs or gNodeBs), access points, transceiver base stations, radio base stations, radio transceivers, transceiver functions, transmit / receive points, etc. BS 110 may provide communication coverage for a corresponding geographic coverage area 112, which may sometimes be referred to as a cell, and in some cases may overlap (e.g., a small cell provided by BS 110a may have a coverage area 112' that overlaps with the coverage area 112 of a macro cell). For example, BS 110 may provide communication coverage for macro cells (covering a relatively large geographic area), pico cells (covering a relatively small geographic area, such as a stadium), femtocells (covering a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home)), and / or other types of cells.

[0045] Although the BS 110 is described as a single communication device in various aspects, it can be implemented in a variety of configurations. For example, one or more components of the base station can be decomposed, including a central unit (CU), one or more distributed units (DU), one or more radio units (RU), a near-real-time (near-RT) radio access network (RAN) intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC, to name a few. In another example, various aspects of the base station can be virtualized. More generally, a BS (e.g., BS 110) can include components located in a single physical location or components located in various physical locations. In the example where the BS includes components located in various physical locations, each component can perform its own function, such that the various components collectively achieve functionality similar to a BS located in a single physical location. In some aspects, a BS including components located in various physical locations can be referred to as having a decomposed RAN architecture, such as an open RAN (O-RAN) architecture or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) architecture. Figure 3 An example decomposed BS architecture is depicted and described.

[0046] Different BSs 110 within the wireless communication network 100 can also be configured to support different radio access technologies (such as 3G, 4G, and / or 5G, etc.). For example, a BS 110 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to as Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)) can interface with an EPC 160 via a first backhaul link 132 (e.g., an S1 interface). A BS 110 configured for 5G (e.g., 5G NR or Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN)) can interface with a 5GC 190 via a second backhaul link 184. BSs 110 can communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via EPC 160 or 5GC 190) via a third backhaul link 134 (e.g., an X2 interface), which can be wired or wireless.

[0047] Wireless communication network 100 can subdivide the electromagnetic spectrum into various categories, bands, channels, or other characteristics. In some respects, the subdivision is based on wavelength and frequency, where frequency may also be referred to as carrier, subcarrier, channel, tone, or subband. For example, 3GPP currently defines frequency range 1 (FR1) as including 410MHz-7125MHz, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as “sub-6GHz”. Similarly, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) currently defines frequency range 2 (FR2) as including 24,250MHz-52,600MHz, which is sometimes (interchangeably) referred to as “millimeter wave” (“mmW” or “mmWave”). Base stations configured to communicate using mmWave or near-mmWave radio bands (e.g., mmWave base stations such as BS 110b) can utilize beamforming with UEs (e.g., 120) (e.g., as shown by 182) to improve path loss and range.

[0048] The communication link 170 between BS 110 and, for example, UE 120, can be via one or more carriers, which can have different bandwidths (e.g., 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, 20MHz, 100MHz, 400MHz, and / or other bandwidths) and can be aggregated in various ways. The carriers can be adjacent to each other or not. In some examples, carrier allocation can be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers can be allocated to DL compared to UL).

[0049] Compared to lower-frequency communication, communication using higher frequency bands may have higher path loss and shorter range. Accordingly, some base stations (e.g., Figure 1Base station 110b can utilize beamforming with UE 120 to improve path loss and range, as shown at 182. For example, BS 110b and UE 120 may each include multiple antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays, to facilitate beamforming. In some cases, BS 110b can transmit beamformed signals to UE 120 in one or more transmit directions 182'. UE 120 can receive beamformed signals from BS 110b in one or more receive directions 182''. UE 120 can also transmit beamformed signals to BS 110b in one or more transmit directions 182''. BS 110b can also receive beamformed signals from UE 120 in one or more receive directions 182''. BS 110b and UE 120 can then perform beamforming training to determine the optimal receive and transmit directions for each of BS 110b and UE 120. It is worth noting that the transmission and reception directions of BS 110b can be the same or different. Similarly, the transmission and reception directions of UE 120 can be the same or different.

[0050] The wireless communication network 100 also includes a Wi-Fi access point 150 that communicates with a Wi-Fi station (STA) 152 via a communication link 154 in, for example, unlicensed spectrum in 2.4 GHz and / or 5 GHz.

[0051] Some UEs 120 may use device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158 to communicate with each other. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), and / or physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

[0052] EPC 160 may include various functional components, including: Mobility Management Entity (MME) 161, other MMEs 162, Serving Gateway 163, Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 164, Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 165, and / or Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 166, as in the illustrated example. MME 161 may communicate with Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 167. MME 161 is the control node that handles signaling between UE 120 and EPC 160. Generally, MME 161 provides bearer and connectivity management.

[0053] Generally, user Internet Protocol (IP) packets are transmitted through Serving Gateway 163, which is connected to PDN Gateway 166. PDN Gateway 166 provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. PDN Gateway 166 and BM-SC 165 are connected to IP services 168, which may include, for example, the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), packet-switched (PS) streaming services, and / or other IP services.

[0054] The BM-SC 165 provides functionality for MBMS user service dispatch and delivery. The BM-SC 165 can serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmissions, can be used to authorize and initiate MBMS bearer services within a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), and / or can be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. The MBMS gateway 164 can distribute MBMS services to BS 110 belonging to a Broadcast-Specific Service Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area, and / or can be responsible for session management (start / stop) and collecting eMBMS-related billing information.

[0055] 5GC 190 may include various functional components, including: Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 191, other AMFs 192, Session Management Function (SMF) 193, and User Plane Function (UPF) 194. AMF 191 can communicate with Unified Data Management (UDM) 195.

[0056] AMF 191 is the control node that handles signaling between UE 120 and 5GC 190. AMF 191 provides services such as Quality of Service (QoS) flow and session management.

[0057] IP packets are transmitted via UPF 194, which connects to IP service 196 and provides UE IP address allocation and other functions for 5GC 190. IP service 196 may include, for example, the Internet, intranet, IMS, PS streaming service and / or other IP services.

[0058] In various aspects, to give a few examples, network entities or network nodes can be implemented as aggregated base stations, decomposed base stations, components of base stations, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, relay nodes, sidelink nodes, transmit and receive points (TRPs), or combinations thereof.

[0059] As indicated above, Figure 1 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 1 The examples described are different.

[0060] Figure 2 Various aspects of example BS 110 and UE 120 according to this disclosure are depicted.

[0061] Generally, BS 110 includes various processors (e.g., 220, 230, 238, and 240), antennas 234a-234t (collectively referred to as 234), transceivers 232a-232t (collectively referred to as 232) including modulators and demodulators, and other aspects that enable the wireless transmission of data (e.g., data source 212) and the wireless reception of data (e.g., data sink 239). For example, BS 110 can transmit and receive data between BS 110 and UE 120. BS 110 includes a controller / processor 240 that can be configured to implement the various functions described herein related to wireless communication.

[0062] Generally, UE 120 includes various processors (e.g., 258, 264, 266, and 280), antennas 252a-252r (collectively referred to as 252), transceivers 254a-254r (collectively referred to as 254) including modulators and demodulators, and other aspects that enable the wireless transmission of data (e.g., retrieved from data source 262) and the wireless reception of data (e.g., provided to data sink 260). UE 120 includes a controller / processor 280 that can be configured to implement the various functions described herein related to wireless communication.

[0063] For example downlink transmission, BS 110 includes a transmission processor 220 that can receive data from data source 212 and control information from controller / processor 240. This control information may be for the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH), Physical Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) Indicator Channel (PHICH), Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Group Common PDCCH (GC PDCCH), and / or other channels. In some examples, this data may be for the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH).

[0064] Transmitter processor 220 can process (e.g., encode and symbol map) data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. Transmitter processor 220 can also generate reference symbols such as those for primary synchronization signals (PSS), secondary synchronization signals (SSS), PBCH demodulation reference signals (DMRS), or channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS).

[0065] The transmit (TX) MIMO processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, and / or reference symbols where applicable, and can provide the output symbol stream to the modulators (MODs) in transceivers 232a-232t. Each modulator in transceivers 232a-232t can process its corresponding output symbol stream to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator can further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and up-convert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signal from the modulators in transceivers 232a-232t can be transmitted via antennas 234a-234t respectively.

[0066] UE 120 includes antennas 252a-252r that receive downlink signals from BS 110 and provide the received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) in transceivers 254a-254r respectively. Each demodulator in transceivers 254a-254r can modulate (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, and digitize) the corresponding received signal to obtain an input sample. Each demodulator can further process the input sample to obtain the received symbols.

[0067] The receive (RX) MIMO detector 256 acquires received symbols from all demodulators in transceivers 254a-254r, performs MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and provides the detected symbols. The receive processor 258 processes (e.g., demodulates, deinterleaves, and decodes) the detected symbols, provides the decoded data for UE 120 to data sink 260, and provides the decoded control information to controller / processor 280.

[0068] For example uplink transmission, UE 120 also includes a transmit processor 264 that receives and processes data from data source 262 (e.g., for the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) and control information from controller / processor 280 (e.g., for the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)). Transmit processor 264 can also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., for Sounding Reference Signals (SRS)). Symbols from transmit processor 264 may be pre-decoded by TX MIMO processor 266, where applicable, further processed by modulators in transceivers 254a-254r (e.g., for SC-FDM), and transmitted to BS 110.

[0069] At BS 110, uplink signals from UE 120 can be received by antennas 234a-234t, processed by demodulators in transceivers 232a-232t, detected by MIMO detector 236 where applicable, and further processed by receiver processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 120. Receiver processor 238 can provide the decoded data to data sink 239 and the decoded control information to controller / processor 240. Memory 242 and memory 282 can store data and program code (e.g., processor-executable instructions, computer-executable instructions) for BS 110 and UE 120, respectively. Scheduler 244 can schedule UE to perform data transmission on downlink and / or uplink.

[0070] In various respects, BS 110 can be described as transmitting and receiving various types of data associated with the methods described herein. In these contexts, "transmitting" can refer to various mechanisms that output data, such as from data source 212, scheduler 244, memory 242, transmit processor 220, controller / processor 240, TX MIMO processor 230, transceiver 232a-232t, antenna 234a-234t, and / or other aspects described herein. Similarly, "receiving" can refer to various mechanisms that acquire data, such as from antenna 234a-234t, transceiver 232a-232t, RX MIMO detector 236, controller / processor 240, receive processor 238, scheduler 244, memory 242, network interface, and / or other aspects described herein.

[0071] In various respects, UE 120 can also be described as transmitting and receiving various types of data associated with the methods described herein. In these contexts, “transmitting” can refer to various mechanisms for outputting data, such as from data source 262, memory 282, transmit processor 264, controller / processor 280, TX MIMO processor 266, transceiver 254a-254t, antenna 252a-252t, and / or other aspects described herein. Similarly, “receiving” can refer to various mechanisms for acquiring data, such as from antenna 252a-252t, transceiver 254a-254t, RX MIMO detector 256, controller / processor 280, receive processor 258, memory 282, and / or other aspects described herein.

[0072] In some aspects, processors may be configured to perform various operations (such as those associated with the methods described herein) and to send (output) data to or receive data from another interface configured to send or receive data, respectively. In some aspects, individual processors may perform all the functions described as being performed by the one or more processors. In some aspects, the one or more processors may jointly perform a set of functions. For example, a first set (one or more) of processors may perform a first function described as being performed by the one or more processors, and a second set (one or more) of processors may perform a second function described as being performed by the one or more processors. The processors of the first set and the processors of the second set may be the same set of processors or may be different sets of processors. The reference to “one or more processors” should be understood as referring to a combination of... Figure 2 Any one or more processors described. The reference to "one or more memories" should be understood to refer to any one or more memories of the corresponding device, such as those in conjunction with... Figure 2 The memory described. For example, a function described as being performed by one or more memories can be performed by the same subset of the one or more memories or by different subsets of the one or more memories.

[0073] Although Figure 2 The boxes in the diagram are illustrated as different components, but the functions described above with respect to these boxes may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component, or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to transmit processor 264, receive processor 258, and / or TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of controller / processor 280.

[0074] As indicated above, Figure 2 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 2 The examples described are different.

[0075] The deployment of communication systems such as 5G NR systems can be arranged in a variety of ways using various components or parts. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, network mobility elements, RAN nodes, core network nodes, network elements, base stations, or network equipment can be implemented in aggregated or decomposed architectures. For example, base stations (such as Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP), TRP, or cell, etc.) or one or more units (or components) performing base station functions can be implemented as aggregated base stations (also known as standalone base stations or monolithic base stations) or decomposed base stations. A "network entity" or "network node" can refer to a decomposed base station or one or more units of a decomposed base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or combinations thereof).

[0076] Aggregated base stations (e.g., aggregated network nodes) can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or cell). Decomposed base stations (e.g., decomposed network nodes) can be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed across two or more cells (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some examples, the CU may be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other network nodes. DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CUs, DUs, and RUs may also be implemented as a virtual cell, such as a Virtual Central Unit (VCU), a Virtual Distributed Unit (VDU), or a Virtual Radio Unit (VRU), etc.

[0077] Base station type operation or network design can take into account the aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, decomposed base stations can be utilized in IAB networks, O-RAN (such as network configurations initiated by the O-RAN Consortium), or vRAN (also known as cloud RAN (C-RAN)) to facilitate the scaling of communication systems by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be deployed individually. Decomposed base stations may include functionality implemented by two or more units across various physical locations, as well as functionality virtually implemented for at least one unit, which enables flexibility in network design. Each unit of a decomposed base station can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the decomposed base station.

[0078] Figure 3An example disaggregated base station 300 architecture according to this disclosure is depicted. The disaggregated base station 300 architecture may include one or more CUs 310, which may communicate directly with the core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 through one or more disaggregated base station units (such as near-RT RICs 325 via E2 links, or non-RT RICs 315 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 305, or both). CUs 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via corresponding midhaul links (such as F1 interfaces). DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via corresponding fronthaul links. RUs 340 may communicate with corresponding UEs 120 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some specific implementations, a UE 120 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 340.

[0079] Each of the units (e.g., CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, and near-RT RIC 325, non-RT RIC 315, and SMO frame 305) may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via wired or wireless transmission media. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the unit's communication interface, may be configured to communicate with one or more other units via transmission media. For example, these units may include a wired interface configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more other units via a wired transmission media. Additionally or alternatively, these units may include a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver), configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more other units via a wireless transmission media, or both.

[0080] In some aspects, the CU 310 can host one or more higher-level control functions. Such control functions may include Radio Resource Control (RRC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function can be implemented using an interface configured to signal to other control functions hosted by the CU 310. The CU 310 can be configured to handle user plane functions (e.g., Central Unit-User Plane (CU-UP)), control plane functions (e.g., Central Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP)), or combinations thereof. In some implementations, the CU 310 can be logically divided into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. The CU 310 can be implemented to communicate with the DU 330 for network control and signaling, as needed.

[0081] DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 340s. In some aspects, DU 330 may, at least in part, host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.) depending on functional splits (such as those defined by 3GPP). In some aspects, DU 330 may also host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by DU 330 or with control functions hosted by CU 310.

[0082] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RU 340s. In some deployments, an RU340 controlled by a DU 330 may correspond to a logical node that is at least partially based on functional decomposition, such as lower-layer functional decomposition, to host RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc.) or both. In such architectures, the RU 340 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UE 120s. In some specific implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane and user plane communications with the RU 340 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration enables the DU 330 and CU310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

[0083] SMO framework 305 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, SMO framework 305 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, SMO framework 305 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform such as Open Cloud (O-Cloud) 390 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface such as the O2 interface. Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, and near-RT RIC 325. In some implementations, SMO framework 305 can communicate with the hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as Open eNB (O-eNB) 311) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, SMO framework 305 can communicate directly with one or more RU 340s via the O1 interface. SMO framework 305 may also include a non-RT RIC 315 configured to support the functionality of SMO framework 305.

[0084] The non-RT RIC 315 can be configured to include logical functions enabling non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including AI / ML workflows for model training and updates, or policy-based guidance for applications / features in the near-RT RIC 325. The non-RT RIC 315 can be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 325, such as via an A1 interface. The near-RT RIC 325 can be configured to include logical functions enabling near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions through an interface such as an E2 interface connecting one or more CU 310s, one or more DU 330s, or both, and O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 325.

[0085] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 325, the non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 325 and may be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 305 or the non-RT RIC 315. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 315 or near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 315 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 305 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or by creating RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0086] As indicated above, Figure 3 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 3 The examples described are different.

[0087] Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D The present disclosure describes a method for use in wireless communication networks (such as...) Figure 1 All aspects of the data structure of the wireless communication network 100. Figure 4A Figure 400 is an example of the first subframe within a 5G (e.g., 5G NR) frame structure. Figure 4B Figure 430 illustrates an example of a DL channel within a 5G subframe. Figure 4C Figure 450 illustrates an example of the second subframe within a 5G frame structure, and Figure 4D Figure 480 illustrates an example of a UL channel within a 5G subframe.

[0088] Wireless communication systems can utilize Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) on both the uplink and downlink. Such systems can also support half-duplex operation using time-division duplex. OFDM and single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) will (e.g., as...) Figure 4B and Figure 4D The system bandwidth (as described in the text) is divided into several orthogonal subcarriers. Each subcarrier can be modulated with data. Modulation symbols can be transmitted in the frequency domain using OFDM and / or in the time domain using SC-FDM.

[0089] Wireless communication frame structures can be frequency division duplex (FDD), where for a specific set of subcarriers, subframes within that set are dedicated to either deep (DL) or ultra-low (UL). Wireless communication frame structures can also be time division duplex (TDD), where for a specific set of subcarriers, subframes within that set are dedicated to both DL and UL.

[0090] exist Figure 4A and Figure 4CIn this example, the wireless communication frame structure is TDD, where D stands for DL, U for UL, and F is flexibly used between DL and UL. The UE can utilize the slot format for configuration via the received Slot Format Indicator (SFI) (dynamically configured via DL Control Information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically configured via RRC signaling). In the depicted example, a 10ms frame is divided into 10 equal-sized 1ms subframes. Each subframe may include one or more slots. In some examples, each slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the slot format. Subframes may also include micro-slots, which typically have fewer symbols than the entire slot. Other wireless communication technologies may have different frame structures and / or different channels.

[0091] In some respects, the number of time slots within a subframe is based on the time slot configuration and parameter set. For example, for time slot configuration 0, different parameter sets (μ) 0 to 5 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 time slots per subframe, respectively. For time slot configuration 1, different parameter sets 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 time slots per subframe, respectively. Accordingly, for time slot configuration 0 and parameter set μ, there are 14 symbols per time slot and 2 per subframe. µ Each time slot. Subcarrier spacing and symbol length / duration are functions of the parameter set. Subcarrier spacing can be equal to 2. μ ×15kHz, where μ is the parameter set index, which can be selected from values ​​0 to 5. Therefore, the subcarrier spacing is 15kHz for parameter set µ=0 and 480kHz for parameter set µ=5. Other parameter sets and subcarrier spacings can be used. Symbol length / duration is negatively correlated with subcarrier spacing. Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D Examples are provided for slot configuration 0 with 14 symbols per slot and parameter set µ=2 with 4 slots per subframe. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs.

[0092] like Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D As depicted, the resource grid can be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also known as a physical RB (PRB)) extending for, for example, 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0093] like Figure 4AAs illustrated, some REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE (e.g., UE 120). The RS may include DMRS and / or CSI-RS for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS), beam refinement RS (BRRS), and / or phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0094] Figure 4B Examples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PDCCH carries the DCI within one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs), each CCE comprising, for example, nine RE groups (REGs), each REG comprising, for example, four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol.

[0095] The PSS can be located within symbol 2 of a specific subframe of the frame. The PSS is used by the UE (e.g., UE 120) to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identification.

[0096] The SSS can be located within symbol 4 of a specific subframe of the frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the physical layer cell identifier group number and radio frame timing.

[0097] Based on the Physical Layer Identifier and Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number, the UE can determine the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the aforementioned DMRS. The PBCH carrying the Master Information Block (MIB) can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a Synchronization Signal (SS) / PBCH block (also known as an SS block (SSB)). The MIB provides the System Frame Number (SFN) and the number of RBs in the system bandwidth. The PDSCH carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted via the PBCH (such as System Information Block (SIB)), and / or paging messages.

[0098] like Figure 4C As illustrated, some REs in the REs carry DMRS for channel estimation at the base station (indicated as R for a particular configuration, but other DMRS configurations are possible). The UE can transmit DMRS for PUCCH and DMRS for PUSCH. PUSCH DMRS can be transmitted, for example, in the first or second symbol before the PUSCH. PUCCH DMRS can be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether a short or long PUCCH is being transmitted and depending on the specific PUCCH format used. UE 120 can transmit SRS. SRS can be transmitted, for example, in the last symbol of a subframe. SRS can have a comb structure, and the UE can transmit SRS on one of these comb teeth. SRS can be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling of the UL.

[0099] Figure 4DExamples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH can be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, channel quality indicators (CQI), pre-decoding matrix indicators (PMI), rank indicators (RI), and HARQ ACK / NACK feedback. The PUSCH carries data and may additionally be used to carry buffer status reports (BSR), power clearance reports (PHR), and / or UCI.

[0100] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating example 500 of a first EIRP limit 505 and a second EIRP limit 510 as a function of elevation angle θ0 according to this disclosure. The first EIRP limit 505 may be represented as P(θ0), and the second EIRP limit 510 may be represented as Q(θ0). In some aspects, the first EIRP limit 505 or the second EIRP limit 510 may include an average EIRP limit (e.g., averaged over a time window), such as the average value of EIRP at a specific elevation angle (in a specific beamspace) with different elevation boxes. In some aspects, the first EIRP limit 505 or the second EIRP limit 510 may include an instantaneous EIRP limit. An instantaneous EIRP limit (also referred to as a maximum EIRP limit) may indicate the maximum permissible EIRP at a specific elevation angle. It should be noted that "second EIRP limit" may refer to Q(θ0) (as in second EIRP limit 510), or it may refer to the average or instantaneous EIRP limit derived using one or more of P(θ0) or Q(θ0) (such as P described below). avg '(θ0) or P max (θ0)). In some aspects, the first EIRP constraint 505 may be referred to as a type 1 EIRP constraint, and the second EIRP constraint 510 may be referred to as a type 2 EIRP constraint. In some aspects, the first EIRP constraint 505 may be referred to as an EIRP constraint for DFT beamforming vectors, and the second EIRP constraint 510 may be referred to as an EIRP constraint for multi-beam applications.

[0101] The first EIRP limit 505 may be associated with a first beamforming vector (e.g., a set of first beamforming vectors) corresponding to a single peak in the beamspace. For example, the first EIRP limit 505 may indicate an EIRP limit when using a single peak beamforming vector in the beamspace. The second EIRP limit 510 may be associated with a second beamforming vector (e.g., a set of second beamforming vectors) corresponding to two or more peaks in the beamspace. For example, the second EIRP limit 510 may be used in multi-beam communication conditions during which network entities or sets of network entities transmit using multiple beams.

[0102] In some aspects, multi-beam communication conditions may include concurrent transmission using beamforming vectors having at least two peaks (e.g., energy peaks) in the beam space. For example, multi-beam communication conditions may include network entities transmitting multiple beams. In some aspects, multi-beam communication conditions may be associated with MU-MIMO communication. For example, MU-MIMO communication may originate from multiple transmitting nodes (e.g., TRP, RU) as observed at the victim node (e.g., UE, network entity). In this example, the first EIRP limit 505 and the second EIRP limit 510 may apply to multiple transmitting nodes.

[0103] The second EIRP limit 510 may be lower than the first EIRP limit 505. For example, the second EIRP limit 510 may be lower than the first EIRP limit 505 in the set of sidelobe directions (such as the set of enhanced sidelobe directions). The set of sidelobe directions may indicate one or more directions of the sidelobes of the second beamforming vector. Therefore, the second EIRP limit 510 may be implemented as a more conservative EIRP limit than the first EIRP limit 505 to account for unintended sidelobes / backlobes in multi-beaming.

[0104] In some respects, a first EIRP limit 505 may be associated with a first time interval 515, and a second EIRP limit 510 may be associated with a second time interval 520. For example, a network entity may transmit using a first beamforming vector (e.g., a set of first beamforming vectors) and may comply with the first EIRP limit 505 during the first time interval 515. A network entity may transmit using a second beamforming vector (e.g., a set of second beamforming vectors) and may comply with the second EIRP limit 510 during the second time interval 520. As shown, the first time interval 515 and the second time interval 520 total 100% of time window 525 (where the first time interval 515 is X% of time window 525, and the second time interval 520 is (100-X)% of time window 525). For example, the first time interval 515 and the second time interval 520 may constitute a period. X can be any percentage value.

[0105] As mentioned, the second EIRP limit 510 can be implemented as an average EIRP limit or a maximum (e.g., instantaneous) EIRP limit. For example, if implemented as an average EIRP limit, the second EIRP limit 510 can use P avg The expression of the form '(θ0)=(P(θ0)X+Q(θ0)(100-X)) / 100 is implemented as P avg '(θ0). If implemented as the maximum EIRP limit, the second EIRP limit can be P. maxThe expression of the form '(θ0)=min(P(θ0), Q(θ0)) is implemented as P max '(θ0).

[0106] In some aspects, the first EIRP constraint 505 may be associated with a first beam direction, and the second EIRP constraint 510 may be associated with a second set of beam directions. For example, a network entity may transmit according to the first EIRP constraint 505 when transmitting in the first beam direction, and according to the second EIRP constraint 510 when transmitting in the second set of beam directions. In some aspects, the second EIRP constraint 510 may be associated with the second set of beam directions because the second EIRP constraint 510 may be associated with a second beamforming vector having at least two peaks in the beam space. For example, the second set of beam directions may include two or more beam directions. In some aspects, the first beam direction may be a non-sidelobe direction (e.g., the energy peak of a single peak vector). Therefore, a network entity may use the first EIRP constraint 505 for the non-sidelobe direction and the second EIRP constraint for the sidelobe direction. When a first EIRP limit 505 is applied to a first beam direction and a second EIRP limit 510 is applied to a second set of beam directions, a network entity may use the first EIRP limit 505 during a first time interval and the second EIRP limit 510 during a second time interval. For example, the first time interval may be the time during which a network entity transmits in the first beam direction, and the second time interval may be the time during which a network entity transmits in the second set of beam directions. In this context, the first and second time intervals may or may not be periodic and / or defined by X% and (100-X)% of a time window 525.

[0107] In some aspects, network entities may transmit using a first EIRP limit 505 and a second EIRP limit 510. For example, the lengths of the first EIRP limit 505 (P(θ0)), the second EIRP limit 510 (Q(θ0) in this context), and the first time interval 515 and the second time interval 520 may be configured for the network entity or pre-configured (e.g., in a wireless communication specification). The lengths of the first EIRP limit 505 (P(θ0)), the second EIRP limit 510 (Q(θ0) in this context), and the first time interval 515 and the second time interval 520 may be configured as part of an EIRP mask, or may include an EIRP mask. Additionally or alternatively, one or more first beam directions (associated with the first EIRP limit 505) and one or more sets of second beam directions (associated with the second EIRP limit 510) may be configured as part of an EIRP mask or may include an EIRP mask. Network entities may transmit using an EIRP mask such that the EIRP mask is not violated at any elevation angle θ0.

[0108] As another example of transmission using the first EIRP limit 505 and the second EIRP limit 510, the average EIRPP avg '(θ0) and / or maximum EIRP P max '(θ0) can be configured as part of an EIRP mask or may include an EIRP mask. The average EIRP and maximum EIRP can be derived from the first EIRP limit 505 and the second EIRP limit 510, as described above. Network entities can use the EIRP mask for transmission such that the average EIRP and / or maximum EIRP are not violated at any elevation angle θ0. As mentioned above, in some contexts, the average EIRP and / or maximum EIRP may be referred to as the second EIRP limit because these EIRPs manage multi-beam communication, while the first EIRP limit 505 manages single-beam communication.

[0109] As indicated above, Figure 5 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 5 The examples described are different.

[0110] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating Example 600 of an EIRP measurement using a first beamforming vector and a second beamforming vector according to this disclosure. Example 600 includes network entities (e.g., BS 110, ...). Figure 5The network entity and apparatus. The apparatus may include test equipment. The apparatus may include one or more components configured to collect radio measurements (e.g., gain measurements or other measurements that can be used to derive EIRP measurements). In some aspects, the apparatus and network entity may be deployed in a test environment. In some aspects, the network entity may be deployed in the field, and the apparatus may perform at least a subset of the EIRP measurements described herein, which may help determine compliance with EIRP limitations (such as combination) Figure 5 (Described EIRP limitations).

[0111] As shown by reference numeral 605 in the attached figure, a network entity may transmit using a plurality of beamforming vectors denoted as K. This plurality of beamforming vectors may include at least a set of first K1 beamforming vectors and a set of second beamforming vectors. Each beamforming vector in the first set K1 may have only one peak (e.g., an energy peak) in the beam space. Each beamforming vector in the second set of second beamforming vectors may have at least two peaks in the beam space. For example, K may include K1, K2…K L Each of these is called a set of beamforming vectors. Belonging to K l A beamforming vector can have l peaks in the beam space. For example, a beamforming vector belonging to K2 can have only two peaks in the beam space. Supporting L=2 may be sufficient to cover multi-beam communication in the EIRP mask specification. In some respects, L can be configured or pre-specified, such as in configuration messages or wireless communication specifications. For example, L can be configured based on regulatory and testing requirements.

[0112] As further illustrated, in some aspects, network entities can use multiple beamforming vectors and use configuration for transmission. The configuration may include one or more parameters for transmission using a set of beamforming vectors (such as a second set of beamforming vectors). For example, the configuration may indicate the number of antenna panels to be used for transmitting the set of beamforming vectors (e.g., one antenna panel, two antenna panels, etc.). As another example, the configuration may indicate the array size of the antenna panels (e.g., one or more array sizes for transmission of one or more beams including multiple beams). As another example, the configuration may indicate the guidance parameters of the array of antenna panels (e.g., indicating the configuration for guiding the beams generated by the array or antenna panels). As another example, the configuration may indicate the peak direction of the array, such as the direction associated with the energy peak of the beam generated by the array. As another example, the configuration may indicate the power distribution between two directions of the array. For example, power distribution may indicate the distribution of transmitted power or energy between a first direction or peak and a second direction or peak. Thus, the configuration may define parameters defining EIRP transmission at a given elevation angle.

[0113] In some aspects, the configuration indicates one or more beam weights of multiple beamforming vectors. For example, as a supplement to or alternative to the parameters described above, the configuration may indicate one or more beam weights of one or more beamforming vectors (e.g., w). k ).

[0114] In some aspects, the configuration indicates time resources for transmission or measurement of multiple beamforming vectors. For example, the configuration may include information indicating a specific time for transmission using one or more beamforming vectors, such as reference signal configuration. For example, the configuration may indicate symbols pre-configured (e.g., in a wireless communication specification) for beams transmitted from a network entity (e.g., an attacking node). In some aspects, the configuration may indicate first time resources for a first beamforming vector, second time resources for a second beamforming vector, etc. In some aspects, the configuration may indicate first time resources for a first direction, second time resources for a second set of directions, etc.

[0115] As indicated by reference numeral 610 in the accompanying drawings, the apparatus can use multiple beamforming vectors to perform EIRP measurements. For example, the apparatus can perform EIRP measurements on time and / or frequency and / or spatial resources mapped to transmissions using multiple beamforming vectors, such that the apparatus measures a given beamforming vector at a given time resource. For example, the apparatus can measure the array gain (or received signal strength) at different elevation and / or azimuth angles associated with an attacking node (e.g., around the attacking node), as indicated by the dashed lines. In some aspects, the apparatus can perform EIRP measurements in association with defined elevation and / or defined azimuth angles. For example, at a given elevation angle θ0, the apparatus can perform measurements corresponding to each azimuth angle in the range n=1…N. EIRP measurements can include any form of measurement, such as gain measurements, signal strength measurements, etc. It should be noted that in some respects, the device can perform EIRP measurements in association with defined elevation and / or azimuth angles, regardless of multiple beamforming vectors. For example, elevation and / or azimuth angles can be configured for EIRP measurements of a transmitter using multiple beamforming vectors, but the device may not be configured to perform EIRP measurements with or without using multiple beamforming vectors. In this sense, EIRP measurements can be associated with multiple beamforming vectors, but may not be used. In this example, the EIRP value can be associated with multiple beamforming vectors. For example, the EIRP value can be calculated across multiple beamforming vectors, as described below.

[0116] As indicated by reference numeral 615, the apparatus can use EIRP measurements to provide EIRP values. For example, the apparatus can use EIRP measurements to calculate EIRP values. EIRP values ​​can indicate EIRP. For example, an EIRP value can indicate the average EIRP at an elevation angle θ0. As another example, an EIRP value can indicate the instantaneous (e.g., maximum) EIRP at an elevation angle θ0. In some aspects, the average EIRP can be calculated as a weighted average of gains (e.g., EIRP measurements). The gain can be averaged over a set of azimuth angles and a set of beamforming vectors, as described below. In some aspects, the weighted average can use one or more weights to average the gain. As an example, the average EIRP at elevation angle θ0... Usable The calculation is performed using an expression of the form K, where K is a plurality of beamforming vectors and N is the number of azimuth angles sampled for averaging purposes. It is the azimuth angle measured by EIRP alone, w k It is one or more beam weights, and w n,k It is used for beamforming vector k and azimuth angle The weights of the weighted average. In some respects, the weights used for the weighted average can be specified, for example, in the wireless communication specification.

[0117] As indicated above, Figure 6 This is provided as an example. Other examples are available with reference to [the relevant information]. Figure 6 The examples described are different.

[0118] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of an example method 700 for wireless communication. Method 700 can be performed at, for example, a network entity (e.g., a component of base station 110 or a decomposed base station) or a device of the network entity.

[0119] Method 700 begins at 710, wherein transmission is performed during a first time interval according to a first EIRP constraint, wherein the first EIRP constraint is associated with a first beamforming vector corresponding to a single peak in the beam space. For example, a network entity may transmit during a first time interval according to a first EIRP constraint, wherein the first EIRP constraint is associated with a first beamforming vector corresponding to a single peak in the beam space, as described above in conjunction with, for example... Figure 5 As described.

[0120] Method 700 continues to 720, wherein transmission is performed during a second time interval according to a second EIRP limit lower than the first EIRP limit, wherein the second EIRP limit is used for multi-beam communication conditions. For example, a network entity may transmit during a second time interval according to a second EIRP limit lower than the first EIRP limit, wherein the second EIRP limit is used for multi-beam communication conditions, as described above in conjunction with, for example... Figure 5 As described.

[0121] In some respects, multi-beam communication conditions include concurrent transmission using a second beamforming vector having at least two peaks in the beam space.

[0122] In some respects, multi-beam communication conditions are associated with multi-user, multi-input, multi-output communication from multiple transmitting nodes, as observed at the victim node.

[0123] In some respects, the first time interval includes a first percentage of the time window, and the second time interval includes a second percentage of the time window, wherein the sum of the first percentage and the second percentage is 100%.

[0124] In some aspects, transmitting according to a first EIRP constraint further includes transmitting a first communication in a first beam direction, wherein the first EIRP constraint is associated with the first beam direction, and wherein transmitting according to a second EIRP constraint further includes transmitting a second communication in a second set of beam directions, wherein the second EIRP constraint is associated with the second set of beam directions.

[0125] In some respects, the second beam direction set is associated with at least one of the following: one or more sidelobes of the multibeam, one or more side lobes of the multibeam, or one or more back lobes of the multibeam.

[0126] In some respects, the first EIRP limit includes at least one of a first average EIRP limit, a first maximum EIRP limit, or a first instantaneous EIRP limit.

[0127] In some respects, the second EIRP limit includes at least one of a second average EIRP limit, a second maximum EIRP limit, or a combination of single-beam EIRP limits and multi-beam EIRP limits.

[0128] In one aspect, method 700 or any aspect thereof may be made by means of a device (such as...) Figure 9 The communication device 900 performs the operation, and the device includes various components capable of operating, configured, or adapted to perform the method 700. The communication device 900 is described in further detail below.

[0129] although Figure 7 An example box of method 700 is shown, but in some respects, method 700 may include... Figure 7 The boxes depicted in the diagram may be fewer, different, or arranged differently than additional boxes. Alternatively, two or more boxes in the diagram of method 700 may be executed in parallel.

[0130] Figure 8This is a flowchart of an example method 800 for wireless communication. Method 800 can be implemented, for example, in a device (e.g., Figure 6 The device or equipment (1100) is used for execution.

[0131] Method 800 begins at 810, wherein an EIRP measurement is performed associated with a plurality of beamforming vectors, the plurality of beamforming vectors including at least a first set of beamforming vectors, each beamforming vector in the first set of the first beamforming vectors having only one peak in the beam space; and a second set of beamforming vectors, each beamforming vector in the second set of the second set of beamforming vectors having at least two peaks in the beam space, as described above in conjunction with, for example Figure 6 As described in 610. EIRP measurements can be associated with multiple beamforming vectors because the EIRP values ​​derived from the EIRP measurements are used to determine the EIRP constraints for multiple beamforming vectors.

[0132] Method 800 continues to 820, wherein an EIRP measurement is used to provide an EIRP value. For example, the device may use an EIRP measurement to provide an EIRP value, as described above in conjunction with, for example... Figure 6 As described in 615. In some aspects, the EIRP value is associated with a plurality of beamforming vectors, which include at least a first set of beamforming vectors, each of which has only one peak in the beam space; and a second set of beamforming vectors, each of which has at least two peaks in the beam space. For example, the EIRP value can be calculated as a weighted average of the gain averaged over a set of azimuth angles and a set of beamforming vectors in the plurality of beamforming vectors. As another example, the EIRP value can be associated with or use a plurality of beamforming vectors, and the EIRP measurement can be performed without being associated with or using a plurality of beamforming vectors.

[0133] In some respects, multiple beamforming vectors include a set of third beamforming vectors, wherein each beamforming vector in the set of third beamforming vectors has more than two peaks.

[0134] In some respects, performing EIRP measurements also includes using a configuration of at least one of the following: the number of indicator antenna panels, the array size of the antenna panels, the guiding parameters of the array of antenna panels, the peak direction of the array, or the power distribution between two directions of the array.

[0135] In some respects, the configuration indicates one or more beam weights of multiple beamforming vectors.

[0136] In some respects, the configuration indicates the time resources used for transmitting or measuring multiple beamforming vectors.

[0137] In some respects, performing EIRP measurements also includes performing EIRP measurements on a sphere associated with the sending node.

[0138] In some respects, the EIRP value is calculated as a weighted average of the gain averaged over the set of azimuth angles and the set of beamforming vectors.

[0139] In some respects, weighted averages use one or more weights to average the gain of a set across azimuth angles.

[0140] In one aspect, method 800 or any aspect thereof may be made by means of a device (such as...) Figure 10 The communication device 1000 performs the operation, and the device includes various components capable of operating, configured, or adapted to perform the method 800. The communication device 1000 is described in further detail below.

[0141] although Figure 8 An example box of method 800 is shown, but in some respects, method 800 may include... Figure 8 The boxes depicted in the diagram may be fewer, different, or arranged differently than additional boxes. Alternatively, two or more boxes in the diagram of method 800 may be executed in parallel.

[0142] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a specific implementation of code and circuitry for a communication device 900 according to this disclosure. The communication device 900 may be a network entity (such as BS 110 or as per [other documentation]). Figure 3 The described decomposed base station, or network entity, may include communication equipment 900.

[0143] Communication device 900 includes a processing system 902 coupled to transceiver 908 (e.g., a transmitter and / or receiver, and which may include a single transceiver or multiple transceivers capable of performing various operations described herein). Transceiver 908 is configured to transmit and receive signals for communication device 900 via antenna 910 (e.g., one or more antennas), such as various signals as described herein. Network interface 912 is configured to transmit signals via communication links (such as those described herein, such as those related to...). Figure 3 The described backhaul link, midhaul link, and / or fronthaul link acquire and transmit signals for the communication device 900. The processing system 902 can be configured to perform the processing functions of the communication device 900, including processing signals received by the communication device 900 and / or to be transmitted by the communication device.

[0144] Processing system 902 includes one or more processors 920. In various aspects, the one or more processors 920 may include one or more of a receive processor 238, a transmit processor 220, a TX MIMO processor 230, and / or a controller / processor 240, as per [reference to...]. Figure 2 As described. One or more processors 920 are coupled to computer-readable medium / memory 930 via bus 906. In various aspects, computer-readable medium / memory 930 may include one or more memories, such as memory 242, as described above. Figure 2 As described. In some aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 930 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code, processor-executable code) that, when executed by one or more processors 920, cause one or more processors 920 to perform actions regarding Figure 7 The method 700 described herein or any aspect thereof. It should be noted that references to a processor performing the functions of the communication device 900 may include one or more processors performing that function of the communication device 900. It should also be noted that references to one or more processors performing multiple functions may include a first processor performing a first function of the multiple functions and a second processor performing a second function of the multiple functions.

[0145] like Figure 9 As shown, the communication device 900 may include circuitry (circuit 935) for transmitting during a first time interval in accordance with a first EIRP restriction.

[0146] like Figure 9 As shown, the communication device 900 may include code (code 940) stored in a computer-readable medium / memory 930 for transmission during a first time interval in accordance with a first EIRP restriction.

[0147] like Figure 9 As shown, the communication device 900 may include circuitry (circuit 945) for transmitting during a second time interval according to a second EIRP limit lower than the first EIRP limit.

[0148] like Figure 9 As shown, the communication device 900 may include code (code 950) stored in a computer-readable medium / memory 930 for transmitting during a second time interval according to a second EIRP limit lower than the first EIRP limit.

[0149] The various components of the communication device 900 can provide for performing tasks related to... Figure 7 The described method 700 or any components related thereto. For example, components for transmitting, conveying, or outputting for transmission may include the transceiver 232 and / or antenna 234 of BS 110, and / or Figure 9 The transceiver 908 and / or antenna 910 of the communication device 900 in the BS 110. Components for receiving or acquiring may include the transceiver 232 and / or antenna 234 of the BS 110, and / or Figure 9 The transceiver 908 and antenna 910 of the communication device 900.

[0150] Figure 9 This is provided as an example. Other examples can be combined with it. Figure 9 The examples described are different.

[0151] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a specific implementation of the code and circuitry for a communication device 1000 according to this disclosure. The communication device 1000 may be an apparatus (such as...) Figure 3 The described BS 110 or split base station, test equipment or device 1100), or apparatus may include communication equipment 1000.

[0152] Communication device 1000 includes a processing system 1002 coupled to transceiver 1008 (e.g., a transmitter and / or receiver, and which may include a single transceiver or multiple transceivers capable of performing various operations described herein). Transceiver 1008 is configured to transmit and receive signals for communication device 1000 via antenna 1010 (e.g., one or more antennas), such as various signals as described herein. Network interface 1012 is configured to transmit via communication links (such as those described herein, etc.). Figure 3 The described backhaul link, midhaul link, and / or fronthaul link acquire and transmit signals for the communication device 1000. The processing system 1002 can be configured to perform the processing functions of the communication device 1000, including processing signals received by the communication device 1000 and / or to be transmitted by the communication device.

[0153] Processing system 1002 includes one or more processors 1020. In various aspects, the one or more processors 1020 may include one or more of a receive processor 238, a transmit processor 220, a TX MIMO processor 230, and / or a controller / processor 240, as per [reference to...]. Figure 2 As described. One or more processors 1020 are coupled to computer-readable medium / memory 1030 via bus 1006. In various aspects, computer-readable medium / memory 1030 may include one or more memories, such as memory 242, as described above. Figure 2 As described. In some aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1030 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code, processor-executable code) that, when executed by one or more processors 1020, cause one or more processors 1020 to perform actions related to... Figure 8 The described method 800 or any aspect thereof. It should be noted that references to a processor performing the functions of the communication device 1000 may include one or more processors performing that function of the communication device 1000. It should also be noted that references to one or more processors performing multiple functions may include a first processor performing a first function among the multiple functions and a second processor performing a second function among the multiple functions.

[0154] Figure 10 As shown, the communication device 1000 may include circuitry (circuit 1035) for performing EIRP measurements using multiple beamforming vectors.

[0155] like Figure 10 As shown, the communication device 1000 may include code (code 1040) stored in a computer-readable medium / memory 1030 for performing EIRP measurements using multiple beamforming vectors.

[0156] like Figure 10 As shown, the communication device 1000 may include circuitry (circuit 1045) for providing EIRP values ​​using EIRP measurements.

[0157] like Figure 10 As shown, the communication device 1000 may include code (code 1050) stored in a computer-readable medium / memory 1030 for providing EIRP values ​​using EIRP measurements.

[0158] The various components of the communication device 1000 can provide for performing tasks related to... Figure 8 The described method 800 or any components related thereto. For example, components for transmitting, conveying, or outputting for transmission may include the transceiver 232 and / or antenna 234 of BS 110, and / or Figure 10 The communication device 1000 includes a transceiver 1008 and / or an antenna 1010. Components for receiving or acquiring data may include a transceiver 232 and / or an antenna 234 of BS 110, and / or... Figure 10 The transceiver 1008 and antenna 1010 of the communication device 1000.

[0159] Figure 10 This is provided as an example. Other examples can be combined with it. Figure 10 The examples described are different.

[0160] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating example components of device 1100 associated with EIRP measurements. Device 1100 may correspond to... Figure 6 1000 devices or communication equipment. In some specific implementations, Figure 6The device or communication equipment 1000 may include one or more devices 1100 and / or one or more components of device 1100. For example... Figure 11 As shown, device 1100 may include bus 1110, processor 1120, memory 1130, input component 1140, output component 1150 and / or communication component 1160.

[0161] Bus 1110 may include one or more components that enable wired and / or wireless communication between components of device 1100. Bus 1110 may connect components such as via operative coupling, communicative coupling, electronic coupling, and / or electrical coupling. Figure 11 Two or more components are coupled together. For example, bus 1110 may include electrical connections (e.g., wires, traces, and / or leads) and / or wireless buses. Processor 1120 may include a central processing unit, graphics processing unit, microprocessor, controller, microcontroller, digital signal processor, field-programmable gate array, application-specific integrated circuit, and / or another type of processing component. Processor 1120 may be implemented in hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. In some specific implementations, processor 1120 may include one or more processors capable of being programmed to perform one or more operations or processes described elsewhere herein.

[0162] Memory 1130 may include volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. For example, memory 1130 may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), hard disk drive, and / or another type of memory (e.g., flash memory, magnetic memory, and / or optical memory). Memory 1130 may include internal memory (e.g., RAM, ROM, or hard disk drive) and / or removable memory (e.g., removable via a universal serial bus connection). Memory 1130 may be a non-transitory computer-readable medium. Memory 1130 may store information related to the operation of device 1100, one or more instructions, and / or software (e.g., one or more software applications). In some implementations, memory 1130 may include one or more memories such as those coupled (e.g., communicatively coupled) to one or more processors (e.g., processor 1120) via bus 1110. The communicative coupling between processor 1120 and memory 1130 enables processor 1120 to read and / or process information stored in memory 1130 and / or store information in memory 1130.

[0163] Input component 1140 enables device 1100 to receive input, such as user input and / or sensed input. For example, input component 1140 may include a touchscreen, keyboard, keypad, mouse, button, microphone, switch, sensor, GPS sensor, GNSS sensor, accelerometer, gyroscope, and / or actuator. Output component 1150 enables device 1100 to provide output, such as via a display, speaker, and / or LED. Communication component 1160 enables device 1100 to communicate with other devices via wired and / or wireless connections. For example, communication component 1160 may include a receiver, transmitter, transceiver, modem, network interface card, and / or antenna.

[0164] Device 1100 may perform one or more operations or procedures described herein. For example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium (e.g., memory 1130) may store a set of instructions (e.g., one or more instructions or code) for execution by processor 1120. Processor 1120 may execute the set of instructions to perform one or more operations or procedures described herein. In some embodiments, execution of the set of instructions by one or more processors 1120 causes one or more processors 1120 and / or device 1100 to perform one or more operations or procedures described herein. In some embodiments, hardwired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with instructions to perform one or more operations or procedures described herein. Additionally or alternatively, processor 1120 may be configured to perform one or more operations or procedures described herein. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are not limited to any particular combination of hardware circuitry and software.

[0165] Figure 11 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. Figure 11 Compared to the components shown, device 1100 may include additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Additionally or alternatively, the set of components of device 1100 (e.g., one or more components) may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components of device 1100.

[0166] The following provides an overview of some aspects of this disclosure:

[0167] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication performed by a network entity, the method comprising: transmitting during a first time interval according to a first effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) limit, wherein the first EIRP limit is associated with a first beamforming vector corresponding to a single peak in a beam space; and transmitting during a second time interval according to a second EIRP limit lower than the first EIRP limit, wherein the second EIRP limit is for multiple beam (multi-beam) communication conditions.

[0168] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, the multi-beam communication condition includes concurrent transmission using a second beamforming vector having at least two peaks in the beam space.

[0169] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 2, wherein the multi-beam communication conditions are associated with multi-user multiple-input multiple-output communication from multiple transmitting nodes as observed at the victim node.

[0170] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the first time interval includes a first percentage of a time window, and the second time interval includes a second percentage of the time window, wherein the sum of the first percentage and the second percentage is 100%.

[0171] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein transmitting according to the first EIRP constraint further includes transmitting a first communication in a first beam direction, wherein the first EIRP constraint is associated with the first beam direction, and wherein transmitting according to the second EIRP constraint further includes transmitting a second communication in a second set of beam directions, wherein the second EIRP constraint is associated with the second set of beam directions.

[0172] Aspect 6: According to the method of aspect 5, the second beam direction set is associated with at least one of the following: one or more sidelobes of the multi-beam, one or more sidelobes of the multi-beam, or one or more backlobes of the multi-beam.

[0173] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the first EIRP limit includes at least one of a first average EIRP limit, a first maximum EIRP limit, or a first instantaneous EIRP limit.

[0174] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, wherein the second EIRP limit includes at least one of the following: a second average EIRP limit, a second maximum EIRP limit, or a combination of single-beam EIRP limit and multi-beam EIRP limit.

[0175] Aspect 9: A method of wireless communication performed by a device, the method comprising: performing an effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) measurement associated with a plurality of beamforming vectors, the plurality of beamforming vectors comprising at least: a first set of beamforming vectors, each beamforming vector in the first set of the first beamforming vectors having only one peak in a beam space; and a second set of beamforming vectors, each beamforming vector in the second set of the second beamforming vectors having at least two peaks in the beam space; and using the EIRP measurement to provide an EIRP value.

[0176] Aspect 10: According to the method of aspect 9, the plurality of beamforming vectors includes a set of third beamforming vectors, wherein each beamforming vector in the set of third beamforming vectors has more than two peaks.

[0177] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 10, wherein performing the EIRP measurement further includes performing the EIRP measurement using a configuration indicating at least one of the following: the number of antenna panels, the array size of the antenna panels, the guiding parameters of the array of antenna panels, the peak direction of the array, or the power distribution between two directions of the array.

[0178] Aspect 12: According to the method of aspect 11, wherein the configuration indicates one or more beam weights of the plurality of beamforming vectors.

[0179] Aspect 13: According to the method of aspect 11, wherein the configuration indicates time resources for the transmission or measurement of the plurality of beamforming vectors.

[0180] Aspect 14: The method of claim 11, wherein performing the EIRP measurement further comprises performing the EIRP measurement on a sphere associated with the transmitting node.

[0181] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 14, wherein the EIRP value is calculated as a weighted average of the gain averaged over the set of azimuth angles and the set of beamforming vectors.

[0182] Aspect 16: According to the method of aspect 15, wherein the weighted average uses one or more weights to average the gain across the set of azimuth angles.

[0183] Aspect 17: A method of wireless communication performed by an apparatus, the method comprising: performing an effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) measurement; and using the EIRP measurement to provide an EIRP value, wherein the EIRP value is associated with a plurality of beamforming vectors, the plurality of beamforming vectors comprising at least: a first set of beamforming vectors, each beamforming vector in the first set of the first beamforming vectors having only one peak in a beam space; and a second set of beamforming vectors, each beamforming vector in the second set of the second set of beamforming vectors having at least two peaks in the beam space.

[0184] Aspect 18: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: one or more processors; one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 17.

[0185] Aspect 19: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 17.

[0186] Aspect 20: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 17.

[0187] Aspect 21: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the methods described in one or more of aspects 1 to 17.

[0188] Aspect 22: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 17.

[0189] Aspect 23: A device for wireless communication, the device including a processing system comprising one or more processors and one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors, the processing system being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 17.

[0190] Aspect 24: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 17.

[0191] While the foregoing disclosure provides examples and descriptions, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit all aspects to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or from various practices.

[0192] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be interpreted broadly as hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, "software" should be interpreted broadly as meaning instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions, etc. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented in various forms of hardware and / or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not limiting in any way. Therefore, no specific software code is referenced in this document to describe the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods, as those skilled in the art will understand that the software and hardware can be designed, at least in part, based on the descriptions herein, to implement the systems and / or methods.

[0193] As used in this article, depending on the context, "meeting the threshold" can mean a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0194] Although specific combinations of features are set forth in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically set forth in the claims and / or not disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with each other claim in the set of claims. As used herein, the phrase referring to “at least one of” the list of items means any combination of these items, including a single member. As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover: a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination having multiple identical elements (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0195] No element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as essential or necessary unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and are used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items mentioned in connection with the article “the” and is used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “group” and “cluster” are intended to include one or more items and are used interchangeably with “one or more.” If only one item is desired, the phrase “only one” or similar terminology will be used. Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “have,” “possess,” “have,” etc., are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., an element “having” A may also have B). Furthermore, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “at least partially based on” unless otherwise explicitly stated. Furthermore, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and is interchangeable with “and / or” unless otherwise explicitly stated (e.g., in the case of its use in conjunction with “any” or “only one”).

[0196] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. The examples discussed herein do not limit the scope, applicability, or aspects set forth in the claims. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. For example, the function and arrangement of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as appropriate in various examples. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various actions may be added, omitted, or combined. Furthermore, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice. Additionally, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatuses or methods practiced using other structures, functionalities, or structures and functionalities that complement or replace the various aspects of this disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of these claims.

[0197] The various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in this disclosure can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic unit, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. While the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, in alternative embodiments, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors working in conjunction with a DSP core, a system-on-a-chip (SoC), or any other such configuration).

[0198] As used herein, the term "determine" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "determine" can include calculation, operation, processing, deduction, investigation, lookup (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), assertion, etc. Additionally, "determine" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc. Furthermore, "determine" can include parsing, selecting, picking, building, etc.

[0199] References to elements in the singular form are not intended to mean “only one” (unless specifically stated otherwise), but rather “one or more”. For example, unless otherwise specifically stated otherwise, references to elements (e.g., “processor”, “controller”, “memory”, etc.) should be understood to mean one or more elements (e.g., “one or more processors”, “one or more controllers”, “one or more memories”, etc.).

[0200] When referring to one or more elements that perform functions (e.g., steps of a method), one element may perform all functions, or more than one element may jointly perform these functions. When more than one element jointly performs these functions, each function does not need to be performed by every single element (e.g., different functions may be performed by different elements), and / or each function does not need to be performed by only one element as a whole (e.g., different elements may perform different sub-functions of a function). Similarly, when referring to one or more elements configured to cause another element (e.g., a device) to perform functions, one element may be configured to cause another element to perform all functions, or more than one element may be jointly configured to cause another element to perform these functions.

[0201] The methods disclosed herein include one or more actions for implementing the methods. These method actions may be interchanged without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specified order of actions is given, the order and / or use of a particular action may be modified without departing from the scope of the claims. Furthermore, the various operations of the methods described above can be performed by any suitable component capable of performing the corresponding function. These components may include various hardware and / or software components and / or modules, including but not limited to circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or processors.

[0202] The following claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but should be given the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. Within the claims, unless specifically stated otherwise, reference to the singular form of an element is not intended to mean “one and only one,” but rather “one or more.” Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. No element of any claim shall be interpreted in accordance with 35 USC §112(f) unless that element is explicitly stated using the phrase “for a component of.” All structural and functional equivalents of the elements throughout the various aspects described herein that are known to a person of ordinary skill in the art, or will later be known, are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be offered to the public, whether or not such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus configured for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: One or more memories, the one or more memories including processor-executable instructions; and One or more processors, the one or more processors being configured to execute processor-executable instructions and cause the device to: Transmission is performed during a first time interval according to a first effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) limit, wherein the first EIRP limit is associated with a first beamforming vector corresponding to a single peak in the beam space; and Transmission is performed during a second time interval according to a second EIRP limit lower than the first EIRP limit, wherein the second EIRP limit is for multi-beam (multi-beam) communication conditions.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the multi-beam communication condition includes concurrent transmission using a second beamforming vector having at least two peaks in the beam space.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the multi-beam communication condition is associated with multi-user multiple-input multiple-output communication from multiple transmitting nodes as observed at the victim node.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first time interval comprises a first percentage of a time window, and the second time interval comprises a second percentage of the time window, wherein the sum of the first percentage and the second percentage is 100%.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, in order for the apparatus to transmit according to the first EIRP constraint, the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to transmit first communication in a first beam direction, wherein the first EIRP constraint is associated with the first beam direction, and In order for the device to transmit according to the second EIRP constraint, the one or more processors are configured to cause the device to transmit second communication on a second beam direction set, wherein the second EIRP constraint is associated with the second beam direction set.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second beam direction set is associated with at least one of the following: One or more sidelobes of a multi-beam array. One or more sidelobes of the multi-beam, or One or more back lobes of the multi-beam system.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first EIRP limit includes at least one of a first average EIRP limit, a first maximum EIRP limit, or a first instantaneous EIRP limit.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second EIRP limitation includes at least one of the following: Second average EIRP limit, Second maximum EIRP limit, or EIRP limiting uses a combination of single-beam EIRP limiting and multi-beam EIRP limiting.

9. An apparatus configured for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: One or more memories, the one or more memories including processor-executable instructions; and One or more processors, the one or more processors being configured to execute processor-executable instructions and cause the device to: Perform an effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) measurement associated with a plurality of beamforming vectors, said plurality of beamforming vectors including at least: A set of first beamforming vectors, wherein each beamforming vector in the first set of first beamforming vectors has only one peak in the beam space, and A set of second beamforming vectors, each beamforming vector in the set having at least two peaks in the beam space; and The EIRP value is provided using the EIRP measurement.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the plurality of beamforming vectors comprises a set of third beamforming vectors, wherein each beamforming vector in the set of third beamforming vectors has more than two peaks.

11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein, in order for the apparatus to perform the EIRP measurement, the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to perform the EIRP measurement using a configuration indicating at least one of the following: The number of antenna panels, The size of the antenna panel array, The guiding parameters of the antenna panel array. The peak direction of the array, or The power distribution between the two directions of the array.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the configuration indicates one or more beam weights of the plurality of beamforming vectors.

13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the configuration indicates time resources for transmitting or measuring the plurality of beamforming vectors.

14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein, in order for the apparatus to perform the EIRP measurement, the one or more processors are configured to cause the apparatus to perform the EIRP measurement on a sphere associated with the transmitting node.

15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the EIRP value is calculated as a weighted average of the gain averaged over the set of azimuth angles and the set of beamforming vectors.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the weighted average uses one or more weights to average the gain across the set of azimuth angles.

17. A method for wireless communication performed by a network entity, the method comprising: Transmission is performed during a first time interval according to a first effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) limit, wherein the first EIRP limit is associated with a first beamforming vector corresponding to a single peak in the beam space; and Transmission is performed during a second time interval according to a second EIRP limit lower than the first EIRP limit, wherein the second EIRP limit is for multi-beam (multi-beam) communication conditions.

18. A method for wireless communication performed by a device, the method comprising: Perform effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) measurements; as well as The EIRP measurement is used to provide an EIRP value, wherein the EIRP value is associated with a plurality of beamforming vectors, the plurality of beamforming vectors including at least: A set of first beamforming vectors, wherein each beamforming vector in the first set of first beamforming vectors has only one peak in the beam space, and A set of second beamforming vectors, each beamforming vector in the set of second beamforming vectors having at least two peaks in the beam space.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the plurality of beamforming vectors comprises a set of third beamforming vectors, wherein each beamforming vector in the set of third beamforming vectors has more than two peaks.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein performing the EIRP measurement further comprises performing the EIRP measurement using a configuration indicating at least one of the following: The number of antenna panels, The size of the antenna panel array, The guiding parameters of the antenna panel array. The peak direction of the array, or The power distribution between the two directions of the array.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the configuration indicates one or more beam weights of the plurality of beamforming vectors.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein the configuration indicates time resources for transmitting or measuring the plurality of beamforming vectors.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein performing the EIRP measurement further comprises performing the EIRP measurement on a sphere associated with the transmitting node.

24. The method of claim 18, wherein the EIRP value is calculated as a weighted average of the gain averaged over the set of azimuth angles and the set of beamforming vectors.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the weighted average uses one or more weights to average the gain across the set of azimuth angles.

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