Excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting

Abstract

The invention discloses an excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting, and relates to the technical field of excavator buckets, the excavator bucket comprises a bucket body, the edges of the two sides of the bucket body are each correspondingly provided with a set of clamping assembly, and the two sets of clamping assemblies are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the bucket body in the width direction; one end of each clamping assembly is connected with a telescopic mechanism, and the telescopic end of each clamping assembly is arranged towards the opening side of the bucket body. The hydraulic cylinder drives the rotating arm to swing around the connecting spindle in a reciprocating mode, the rotating arm synchronously transmits power to the multiple rubber belts through the second connecting shaft, one end of each rubber belt is anchored to the inner wall of the bucket through a fixing rivet, the other end of each rubber belt penetrates through the second connecting shaft and generates periodic stretching-rebounding deformation along with displacement of the second connecting shaft, and a wave type micro-movement shearing interface is formed. And adhesion and bonding among soil, the rubber belt and the inner wall of the bucket are destroyed, so that wet soil and residual roots automatically fall off under the combined action of gravity and inertia, manual self-cleaning without shutdown is realized, the bucket capacity is kept constant, and the cleaning time is remarkably shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of excavator bucket technology, and more particularly to an excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural harvesting operations in confined terrains such as hills, greenhouses, and orchards, excavators are typically used to dig up tubers and rhizomes. Existing grid bucket systems are integrally welded structures, and their function is limited to "insertion-lifting" actions. In actual production, three common problems have been exposed: It lacks clamping and cutting capabilities. When faced with tangled vines, plastic film, stones, or frozen soil clods, the bucket cannot actively clamp and cut them off, requiring the machine to be stopped and manual cleaning to be carried out, resulting in high labor intensity and low harvesting efficiency.

[0003] The bucket teeth are fixed and extended outwards. When the working surface changes from soft furrows to compacted farm roads, the sharp tooth tips become "obstacles." They can easily damage the road surface when leveling or moving the machine. Furthermore, if the tooth tips are broken due to impact, the entire machine needs to be stopped for welding or the tooth plates need to be replaced. This results in poor adaptability and time-consuming maintenance.

[0004] There is no online self-cleaning mechanism. When the soil moisture content is slightly high, the clay soil adheres firmly to the inner wall of the grid, accumulating thicker and thicker, which leads to a reduction in bucket capacity and a shift in the center of gravity. Existing technologies mostly rely on manual knocking or high-pressure water washing, which results in long downtime and easy damage.

[0005] The above three defects have become key bottlenecks restricting efficient and continuous operation in agricultural harvesting, and a new type of bucket with multiple functions is needed to solve them. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One objective of this invention is to provide an excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting, which can solve the problems of insufficient clamping and shearing capacity and poor adaptability of existing buckets.

[0007] An excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bucket body. A set of clamping assemblies is respectively arranged at both sides of the bucket body, and the two sets of clamping assemblies are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bucket body in the width direction. One end of each set of clamping assemblies is connected to a telescopic mechanism, with its telescopic end facing the opening side of the bucket body. A connecting main shaft and a connecting pin are arranged parallel to each other at a distance near the rear end of the top of the bucket body. The connecting main shaft is horizontally inserted between the two side walls of the upper part of the bucket body, and its two ends extend to the outer side of the side wall of the bucket body. The two sets of clamping assemblies are located away from the telescopic mechanism. One end of each mechanism is hinged to the bucket body via a connecting spindle, allowing it to rotate relative to the bucket body around the axis of the connecting spindle. The end of each clamping assembly is hinged to the telescopic end of a corresponding hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the excavator's hydraulic system, and the cylinder end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the outer side wall of the upper part of the bucket body. The hydraulic cylinder drives the clamping assembly to rotate and swing around the connecting spindle. Side blades are fixedly installed on the edges of the outer side walls on both sides of the bucket body. The side blades extend along the height direction of the bucket body, with their cutting edges facing the outer side and front end of the bucket body. A first wear-resistant plate and a second wear-resistant plate are welded to the surface of the bucket body.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a rotating arm, and a wear-resistant lip is provided at the surface edge of the rotating arm along its length. The inner surface of the wear-resistant lip has an integrally formed groove that matches the contour of the rotating arm's edge. The wear-resistant lip is engaged with the surface edge of the rotating arm through this groove. The outer surface of the wear-resistant lip has multiple connecting holes spaced apart along its length. The wear-resistant lip is fastened to the rotating arm by bolts passing through the connecting holes. The wear-resistant lip is made of high manganese steel, and its outer surface is... The arc-shaped transition structure enhances the wear resistance of the rotating arm edge and prevents material jamming. A high-manganese steel arc-shaped wear-resistant lip is fastened to the rotating arm groove with locking bolts, forming a replaceable, continuous wear-resistant edging. This significantly improves the lifespan of the rotating arm edge against soil and rock erosion, while the rounded transition eliminates sharp edges, reducing the probability of vines and plastic film entanglement, and minimizing downtime for cleaning. The split design allows for quick replacement of the lip after wear, simply by loosening the bolts, avoiding complete scrapping, reducing maintenance and downtime costs, and ensuring continuous and efficient harvesting operations.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating arm has a shaft hole along its length that matches the outer diameter of the connecting spindle, through which it is rotatably connected to the connecting spindle; a hinge shaft is provided at the end of the rotating arm along its width, through which it is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder; the end of the rotating arm away from the connecting spindle is bent, and a cutting edge is fixedly provided along its length on the side of the rotating arm away from the wear-resistant lip; the high-precision rotational engagement between the rotating arm and the connecting spindle via the through-hole allows the rotating arm to... Driven by a hydraulic cylinder, it achieves smooth and low-clearance oscillation, avoiding uneven wear and abnormal noise; the bent end extends the lever arm and integrates the blade, and when the rotating arm closes to the bucket body, the blade and the side blade form a shearing edge, which can instantly cut through entangled vines, branches or mulch, without the need for secondary manual cleaning; the hinge shaft is arranged laterally, so that the hydraulic cylinder thrust is evenly transmitted along the width of the rotating arm, reducing local stress concentration, improving reliability and lifespan, thus giving the bucket body self-cutting ability while ensuring clamping force, significantly improving the continuous harvesting efficiency in complex terrains such as hills and orchards.

[0010] Furthermore, a second connecting shaft is provided between the two rotating arms. The two ends of the second connecting shaft extend to the outer side of the rotating arms, and the two ends of the second connecting shaft are fastened to the rotating arms by nuts. Multiple rubber strips are spaced along the axial direction of the second connecting shaft. The surface of the rubber strips is in contact with the inner wall surface of the bucket body, and the other end of the rubber strips is fixed to the inner wall surface of the bucket body by multiple spaced fixing rivets. The left and right rotating arms are rigidly connected in series by the second connecting shaft, so that the movement of both sides is completely synchronized, preventing one-sided jamming and uneven load. The multiple rubber strips spaced along the shaft are fixed to the inner wall of the bucket by rivets, forming a flexible liner that follows the movement. When the rotating arms swing back and forth, the rubber strips are repeatedly pushed and pulled to produce wave-like micro-movement. The surface of the rubber strips forms a continuous shear displacement with the clay, destroying the adhesion interface, so that wet soil and residual roots automatically slide off under the action of gravity, achieving a high-coverage self-cleaning effect, maintaining a constant bucket capacity, and significantly reducing manual cleaning downtime.

[0011] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism includes a sliding component and a positioning component. The sliding component is adapted to be installed at one end of the bottom of the rotating arm and can slide back and forth along the opening direction of the bucket body. The sliding component has an internal cavity that matches the shape of the bucket teeth. The bucket teeth are embedded in the cavity and move synchronously with the sliding component. The telescopic action of the bucket teeth is achieved by the reciprocating sliding of the sliding component. The positioning component is located at the bottom of the sliding component and is used to lock the position of the sliding component and the bucket teeth. The bucket teeth are hidden in the cavity of the sliding component to form a closed force-bearing frame with high impact resistance. During telescopic movement, the sliding component guides the teeth throughout the entire process, and the tooth tips always remain in the same straight line to avoid uneven wear. The positioning component is located at the bottom of the sliding component and can be quickly locked at any telescopic position, realizing one-button switching between two working conditions: "extension-breaking soil" and "retraction-leveling". It retains the sharp tooth shape for efficient cutting into the soil and stubble, and can instantly retract the tooth tips during field transfer or leveling operations to prevent damage to the road surface and breakage of the bucket teeth. It is a multi-purpose bucket, reduces downtime for bucket changing, and significantly improves the continuity and economy of agricultural harvesting.

[0012] Furthermore, the sliding assembly includes a limiting shaft, which is inserted into pre-set slots inside multiple bucket teeth. The inner diameter of the slots matches the outer diameter of the limiting shaft, allowing the limiting shaft and the bucket teeth to move synchronously. One end of each bucket tooth is fixedly connected to a first tooth plate, and the bottom surface of the first tooth plate slides in contact with the surface of the tooth base. The tooth base has a sliding groove along its length, and the inner contour of the groove matches the shape of the limiting shaft. The limiting shaft can slide back and forth along the extension direction of the groove, which guides the movement trajectory of the limiting shaft. This structure, with the limiting shaft penetrating all bucket teeth to form an integral beam structure, allows multiple teeth to move synchronously without deviation, avoiding single-tooth jamming. The large-area surface contact sliding between the first tooth plate and the tooth base helps to shield the soil from entering the sliding space of the bucket teeth.

[0013] Furthermore, the tooth holder has multiple grooves evenly spaced along its length, with the spacing of the grooves corresponding to the spacing of the bucket teeth. The inner wall of each groove fits against the outer wall of the corresponding bucket tooth, allowing the bucket tooth to slide against the tooth holder along the extension direction of the groove. The grooves are used to guide and limit the sliding direction of the bucket teeth. This structure has equidistant grooves pre-set in the tooth holder, so that each bucket tooth is guided by an independent sidewall, forming a "shaft-groove" double guide rail system with the limiting shaft. During extension and retraction, the tooth body is simultaneously subjected to the tension and compression of the shaft and the lateral limiting of the groove, eliminating single-tooth wobble and torsional gaps, ensuring that all tooth tips are always in the same straight line. The grooves fit against the tooth wall to disperse the digging lateral force, reduce the stress concentration at the tooth root, and prevent impact fracture. After retraction, the end face of each tooth is automatically flush with the front edge of the bucket, allowing for direct leveling without additional adjustment.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning component includes a positioning block, which is welded to the bottom area of ​​each bucket tooth, and one end of the positioning block has a tapered structure. The outer wall of the positioning block slides in contact with a pre-set groove inside the limiting plate, and the contour of the groove matches the shape of the positioning block. The rear end of the limiting plate is integrally formed with a toothed structure, which is arranged correspondingly to the toothed structure at the front end of the bucket body. The limiting plate is fastened to the tooth seat with screws, and its installation position corresponds to the sliding trajectory of the positioning block. The retractable positioning block is welded to the bottom of the bucket teeth as a whole, so that the positioning block slides synchronously with the teeth. The limiting plate slot precisely matches it to form a "hidden" low-position guide rail, which not only prevents the teeth from deflecting when they are raised and lowered, but also avoids additional protrusions that would increase the resistance to soil entry. The tooth-like structure at the rear end of the limiting plate meshes with the tooth shape at the front end of the bucket. By locking it with screws, the entire set of bucket teeth can be rigidly positioned at the extension or retraction limit position at one time without the need for tooth-by-tooth adjustment. This ensures that after retraction, the end face of all teeth is flush with the front edge of the bucket, and that the tips of all teeth enter the soil uniformly when extended.

[0015] Furthermore, a flap is correspondingly provided at the bottom of the limiting plate, and a positioning groove is provided on the surface of the flap. The shape of the positioning groove matches the contraction structure at the bottom of the positioning block. One end of the flap is rotatably connected to the tooth seat and can rotate and swing relative to the tooth seat around the connection position. During the rotation, the positioning groove on the surface of the flap and the bottom of the positioning block are correspondingly attached. Through the fitting of the positioning groove of the flap with the bottom of the contraction positioning block, a tenon-and-mortise self-locking mechanism is formed. When the flap is rotated upward into place, it can instantly press and lock the positioning block and the entire row of bucket teeth at once. The flap is hinged at one end, which can quickly complete the "press-lock" action, saving a lot of time compared with traditional multi-bolt fastening.

[0016] Furthermore, the flap is provided with side teeth on both sides away from the rotating end of the toothed seat, and the side teeth have slots inside. The toothed seat also has two symmetrical slots with the same inner diameter at the corresponding positions. When the flap is flipped to the bottom of the positioning slot and the positioning block, the side teeth are aligned with the axis of the slots of the toothed seat. A positioning bolt with external thread is inserted into the slot of the toothed seat. The inner wall of the slot of the toothed seat has a matching internal thread. The positioning bolt is screwed in and fixed after passing through the side teeth and the slot of the toothed seat. This structure adds side teeth with holes on both sides of the free end of the flap. When the positioning slot presses against the bottom of the positioning block, the side tooth holes and the symmetrical slots of the toothed seat are automatically coaxial. Inserting the positioning bolt can form a triple lock of "hinged-pressed-bolt", which transforms the flap itself from a movable part into a rigid load-bearing component and prevents the digging reaction force from pushing the flap open.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention uses the retraction of the hydraulic cylinder's telescopic end to drive the rotating arm to rotate around the connecting main shaft. Simultaneously, the bent end of the rotating arm moves away from the bucket body, causing the telescopic mechanism installed at its end to approach the toothed structure at the front end of the bucket body, forming a closed interlocking pair. This clamps and locks entangled vines, residual mulch, stones, or frozen soil clods during agricultural harvesting operations. When the hydraulic cylinder continues to retract, causing the rotating arm to move closer to the bucket body, the cutting edge of the rotating arm and the side blades on both sides of the bucket body form a gate cutting mechanism, instantly shearing and cutting off dead branches and debris. This achieves integrated clamping and cutting continuous operation, significantly improving functionality and ease of operation.

[0018] When the inner wall of the bucket body is adhered with sticky soil with high water content, causing a decrease in bucket capacity and a shift in the center of gravity, and when manual knocking or high-pressure water washing takes time and the machine is stopped, the hydraulic cylinder drives the rotating arm to swing back and forth around the connecting main shaft. The rotating arm transmits power synchronously to multiple rubber belts through the second connecting shaft. One end of the rubber belt is anchored to the inner wall of the bucket with a fixed rivet, and the other end passes through the second connecting shaft and undergoes periodic stretching-rebound deformation with its displacement, forming a wave-like micro-movement shear interface. This breaks the adhesion bond between the soil and the rubber belt and the inner wall of the bucket, allowing the wet soil and residual roots to automatically fall off under the combined action of gravity and inertia. This achieves manual self-cleaning without stopping the machine, maintains a constant bucket capacity, and significantly shortens the cleaning time.

[0019] This invention utilizes the sharp, concentrated teeth built into the telescopic mechanism to break through soil, gravel, and tree roots, thereby improving the bucket's cutting efficiency. When switching to the leveling mode, the positioning bolts are removed, and the flap rotates downward around its hinge axis with the tooth seat. The positioning groove disengages from the bottom retractable structure of the positioning block, releasing the axial lock on the positioning block. The bucket teeth slide backward and completely retract into the inner cavity of the tooth seat under the constraint of the equidistant grooves of the tooth seat and the double guide rails of the limiting shaft. Subsequently, the flap is flipped in the opposite direction, and the positioning groove re-fits the bottom retractable structure of the positioning block. The side tooth holes of the flap and the symmetrical holes and slots of the tooth seat are automatically coaxial, and the positioning bolts are inserted and screwed in to tighten, forming a triple lock of "hinge-compression-thread". This ensures that the bucket teeth are rigidly fixed at the retracted limit position and that the tooth end face remains flush with the front end of the bucket, realizing a one-button switch between "extension breaking soil" and "inward retraction leveling", significantly improving the convenience of continuous operation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of an excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting proposed in this invention.

[0021] Figure 3This is a front view schematic diagram of the excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting proposed in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the open state of the clamping assembly of an excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting, as proposed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the side blade of an excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting, as proposed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the chute structure of an excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the blade structure of an excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting, as proposed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic mechanism of an excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping assembly structure of an excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting proposed in this invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning block structure of an excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting, as proposed in this invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Bucket body; 2. Clamping assembly; 21. Rotating arm; 22. Wear-resistant lip; 23. Second connecting shaft; 24. Rubber belt; 25. Fixing rivet; 26. Cutting edge; 3. Telescopic mechanism; 31. Bucket teeth; 32. Limiting shaft; 33. Slide groove; 34. First tooth plate; 35. Positioning block; 36. Limiting plate; 37. Flip plate; 38. Side teeth; 39. Positioning bolt; 310. Positioning groove; 311. Tooth seat; 4. Connecting spindle; 5. Connecting pin; 6. Hydraulic cylinder; 7. Side cutter; 8. First wear-resistant plate; 9. Second wear-resistant plate. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0031] refer to Figure 1-4An excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting includes a set of clamping components 2 respectively arranged on both sides of the bucket body 1, with the two sets of clamping components 2 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bucket body 1 in the width direction; one end of each clamping component 2 is connected to a telescopic mechanism 3, and its telescopic end is arranged facing the opening side of the bucket body 1; a connecting main shaft 4 and a connecting pin 5 are arranged parallel to each other at the top of the bucket body 1 near the rear end, the connecting main shaft 4 is horizontally inserted between the two side walls of the upper part of the bucket body 1, and its two ends extend to the outer side of the side wall of the bucket body 1, respectively, and the two sets of clamping components 2 are away from the telescopic mechanism. One end of each of the three components is hinged to the bucket body 1 via the connecting spindle 4, and can rotate relative to the bucket body 1 around the axis of the connecting spindle 4; the end of each clamping assembly 2 is hinged to the telescopic end of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder 6, and the cylinder end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is hinged to the outer side wall of the upper part of the bucket body 1. The hydraulic cylinder 6 drives the clamping assembly 2 to rotate and swing around the connecting spindle 4; side blades 7 are fixedly installed at the edges of the outer side walls on both sides of the bucket body 1. The side blades 7 extend along the height direction of the bucket body 1, and their cutting edges face the outer side and front end of the bucket body 1. The surface of the bucket body 1 is welded with a first wear-resistant plate 8 and a second wear-resistant plate 9. This implementation scheme achieves active clamping and shearing capabilities by symmetrically hinged two sets of clamping components 2 to the rear of the bucket body 1 and directly driven by hydraulic cylinders 6. This allows the bucket to bite and cut entangled vines, plastic film, stones, or frozen soil in one go, eliminating the need for secondary manual cleaning, reducing labor intensity, and improving harvesting efficiency. The clamping components 2 and the side cutter 7 form a linkage gate effect, simultaneously cutting off debris on both sides at the moment of closure, avoiding residual accumulation. This integrates harvesting and shearing, solving the problems of traditional buckets having single functions, poor adaptability, and frequent downtime, thus ensuring continuous and efficient operation in small terrain areas.

[0032] refer to Figure 4-9The clamping assembly 2 includes a rotating arm 21. A wear-resistant lip 22 is provided along the length of the rotating arm 21 at its surface edge. The inner surface of the wear-resistant lip 22 has an integrally formed groove that matches the edge contour of the rotating arm 21. The wear-resistant lip 22 is engaged with the surface edge of the rotating arm 21 through this groove. The outer surface of the wear-resistant lip 22 has multiple connecting holes spaced along its length. The wear-resistant lip 22 is fastened to the rotating arm 21 by bolts passing through the connecting holes. The wear-resistant lip 22 is made of high-manganese steel, and its outer surface is curved. A transition structure is provided to enhance the wear resistance of the edge of the rotating arm 21 and prevent material jamming. The interior of the rotating arm 21 has a shaft hole that matches the outer diameter of the connecting spindle 4 along its length. The rotating arm 21 is rotatably connected to the connecting spindle 4 through this shaft hole. A hinge shaft is provided at the end of the rotating arm 21 along its width. The rotating arm 21 is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 through this hinge shaft. The end of the rotating arm 21 away from the connecting spindle 4 is bent. A blade 26 is fixedly provided along its length on the side of the rotating arm 21 away from the wear-resistant lip 22. This implementation scheme includes a clamping assembly 2. Under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 6, when the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder 6 retracts, it drives one end of the rotating arm 21 to rotate around the connecting main shaft 4. As the rotating arm 21 rotates, it drives the other end away from the bucket body 1, thus forming a biting function with the toothed structure at the front end of the bucket body 1. By retracting the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder 6, the rotating arm 21 can drive the extension mechanism 3 to move closer to the front end of the bucket body 1, so that the extension mechanism 3 and the toothed structure at the front end of the bucket body 1 can clamp the debris. This allows for the clamping and cleaning of debris during agricultural harvesting operations, thereby improving functionality. At the same time, when the rotating arm 21 moves closer to the bucket body 1, the blade 26 on one side of the rotating arm 21 can form a gate cutting mechanism with the side blades 7 on both sides of the bucket body 1, thereby cutting off dead branches and debris, thus improving the convenience of operation.

[0033] refer to Figure 4-9 A second connecting shaft 23 is provided between the two rotating arms 21. The two ends of the second connecting shaft 23 extend to the outside of the rotating arms 21 respectively, and the two ends of the second connecting shaft 23 are fastened to the rotating arms 21 by nuts. Multiple rubber strips 24 are provided on the second connecting shaft 23 at intervals along its axial direction. The surface of the rubber strips 24 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the bucket body 1, and the other end of the rubber strips 24 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the bucket body 1 by multiple spaced fixing rivets 25. When a large amount of mud adheres to the inner wall of the bucket body 1 and is difficult to clean, the hydraulic cylinder 6 drives the rotating arm 21 to rotate. The rotating arm 21 drives the second connecting shaft 23 to move. The second connecting shaft 23 then pulls multiple rubber belts 24 on the inner wall of the bucket body 1, causing the rubber belts 24 to deform. As the rubber belts 24 tighten, they can clean the mud from the inner wall of the bucket, allowing the mud to fall off from the inner wall of the bucket and the surface of the rubber belts 24, thus making cleaning easy.

[0034] refer to Figure 8-10The telescopic mechanism 3 includes a sliding component and a positioning component. The sliding component is adapted to be installed at one end of the bottom of the rotating arm 21 and can slide back and forth along the opening direction of the bucket body 1. The sliding component has a receiving cavity that matches the shape of the bucket teeth 31. The bucket teeth 31 are embedded in the receiving cavity and move synchronously with the sliding component. The telescopic action of the bucket teeth 31 is achieved by the reciprocating sliding of the sliding component. The positioning component is set at the bottom of the sliding component and is used to lock the position of the sliding component and the bucket teeth 31. The sliding component includes a limiting shaft 32, which is inserted into a plurality of pre-set slots inside the bucket teeth 31. The inner diameter of the slots matches the outer diameter of the limiting shaft 32, so that the limiting shaft 32 and the bucket teeth 31 move synchronously. One end of the bucket teeth 31 The first toothed plate 34 is fixedly connected to the first toothed plate 34, and the bottom surface of the first toothed plate 34 and the surface of the toothed seat 311 are in surface contact sliding fit. A groove 33 is formed inside the toothed seat 311 along its length direction. The inner contour of the groove 33 matches the outer shape of the limiting shaft 32. The limiting shaft 32 can slide back and forth along the extension direction of the groove 33, which guides the movement trajectory of the limiting shaft 32. Multiple grooves are formed inside the toothed seat 31 in a straight, equally spaced pattern along its length direction. The spacing of the grooves corresponds to the arrangement spacing of the bucket teeth 31. The inner wall of each groove fits against the outer wall of the corresponding bucket tooth 31. The bucket tooth 31 can slide in contact with the toothed seat 311 along the extension direction of the groove, which assists in the sliding direction of the bucket tooth 31. The positioning assembly includes a positioning block 35, which is welded to the bottom area of ​​each bucket tooth 31, and one end of the bottom of the positioning block 35 has a contracted structure. The outer wall of the positioning block 35 slides in contact with a pre-set groove inside the limiting plate 36, and the outline of the groove matches the shape of the positioning block 35. The rear end of the limiting plate 36 is integrally formed with a toothed structure, which is arranged correspondingly to the toothed structure at the front end of the bucket body 1. The limiting plate 36 is fastened to the tooth seat 311 by screws, and its installation position corresponds to the sliding trajectory of the positioning block 35. A flap 37 is correspondingly provided at the bottom of the limiting plate 36, and a positioning groove 310 is opened on the surface of the flap 37. The shape of the positioning groove 310 matches the contracted shape at the bottom of the positioning block 35. The structure is consistent; one end of the flip plate 37 is rotatably connected to the tooth seat 311, and can be flipped and swung relative to the tooth seat 311 around the connection position. During the flipping process, the positioning groove 310 on the surface of the flip plate 37 is in contact with the bottom of the positioning block 35; the flip plate 37 is provided with side teeth 38 on both sides away from the rotating end of the tooth seat 311, and the side teeth 38 are provided with slots, and the tooth seat 311 is provided with two symmetrical slots of the same inner diameter at the corresponding positions; when the flip plate 37 is flipped to the bottom of the positioning block 35 with the positioning groove 310, the side teeth 38 are aligned with the axis of the slot of the tooth seat 311; the positioning bolt 39 with external thread is inserted in the slot of the tooth seat 311, and the inner wall of the slot of the tooth seat 311 has a matching internal thread. The positioning bolt 39 is screwed and fixed after passing through the side teeth 38 and the slot of the tooth seat 311. This implementation scheme, by setting the bucket teeth 31 of the telescopic mechanism 3, uses sharp teeth to concentrate force to break through materials such as soil, gravel, and tree roots, making it easier for the bucket to cut into the working surface. When leveling is required through the bucket body 1, the positioning bolt 39 is removed, allowing the flap 37 to rotate. This allows the positioning groove 310 on the surface of the flap 37 to move away from the bottom of the positioning block 35, thereby releasing the restriction on the positioning block 35. This allows the bucket teeth 31 to slide backward in the groove inside the tooth seat 311, allowing the bucket teeth 31 to retract into the tooth seat 311. By flipping the flap 37, the positioning groove 310 on the surface of the flap 37 can be embedded in the bottom of the positioning block 35, fixing the positioning block 35. This, in turn, fixes the bucket teeth 31 inside the tooth seat 311, keeping the front end of the bucket flush, thus facilitating leveling operations and greatly improving the ease of use of the bucket.

[0035] The overall working principle of the bucket of this invention is based on a four-step closed loop of "clamping—shearing—self-cleaning—extension," with each function nested and linked sequentially. The detailed process is as follows: Hydraulic cylinder 6 retracts, and the piston rod drives rotating arm 21 to swing backward and downward around connecting main shaft 4 via transverse hinge shaft; the bent end of rotating arm 21 pushes the telescopic mechanism 3 installed at its end outward as a whole, so that the extended bucket teeth 31 gradually approach the toothed structure at the front end of bucket body 1, forming a pair of openable and closable "jaws". When the jaws encounter vines, residual film, stones or frozen soil, the tooth tips pierce the surface of the material. As hydraulic cylinder 6 continues to retract, the jaws close, generating a continuous inward and downward clamping force on the material, firmly biting the entangled material that originally needed to be peeled off manually, making it move with the bucket, completing the first step of "capture".

[0036] As the rotating arm 21 continues to approach the bucket body 1, the blades 26 arranged along the entire length of the arm's side gradually overlap with the side blades 7 on both sides of the bucket, much like the upper and lower edges of a guillotine. When the blades intersect, the clamped vines, dead branches, or plastic film are subjected to concentrated stress on the shearing surface and are instantly cut off. The cutting and clamping actions share the same hydraulic cylinder 6 stroke, requiring no additional power and preventing secondary accumulation. The cut is clean, and the debris remains directly inside the bucket for subsequent dumping.

[0037] During the reciprocating swing of the rotating arm 21, the left and right arms are rigidly connected by the second connecting shaft 23 to ensure complete synchronization of movement. Multiple rubber belts 24 are threaded onto the second connecting shaft 23, with the other end of each belt fixed to the inner wall of the bucket with rivets. As the rotating arm 21 rotates back and forth, the second connecting shaft 23 creates a periodic "pull-release-pull" traction on the rubber belts 24: when pulled taut, the rubber belts 24 adhere tightly to the bucket wall; when relaxed, they spring back slightly, thus creating a continuous wave-like peristalsis on the bucket wall surface. This peristalsis disrupts the adhesion film between the wet soil and the metal surface, causing the soil to lose its adhesion and detach in pieces under its own weight and the shaking action, achieving online self-cleaning without stopping the machine, maintaining a constant bucket volume, and preventing the center of gravity from shifting due to the accumulation of dirt.

[0038] The core of the telescopic mechanism 3 is to allow the same row of bucket teeth 31 to quickly switch between two states: "extending outward to break the soil" and "retracting inward to scrape the soil," and to automatically lock after switching.

[0039] Extending and breaking through the soil: The flap 37 flips upward, and its positioning groove 310 fits tightly into the shrinking section of the positioning block 35 welded to the bottom of the bucket tooth 31. The side teeth 38 holes on both sides of the flap 37 are aligned with the corresponding holes and grooves on the tooth seat 311. The positioning bolts 39 are inserted and tightened. At this time, the entire row of bucket teeth 31 is rigidly fixed in the extended position, and the tooth tips protrude outward, which can concentrate stress like nails and easily penetrate into the soil, gravel or tree roots.

[0040] Inward scraping: When it is necessary to level the road surface or move the empty vehicle to a new location, pull out the positioning bolt 39, flip the flap 37 downward, the positioning groove 310 leaves the positioning block 35, and the bucket teeth 31 lose axial constraint; under the ground support reaction force or manual push, the bucket teeth 31 slide backward along the groove in the tooth seat 311 and the double guide rail of the limiting shaft 32, and completely retract into the inner cavity of the tooth seat 311, and the tooth end face is automatically flush with the front edge of the bucket; flip the flap 37 upward again, the positioning groove 310 re-locks the positioning block 35, insert the positioning bolt 39 and tighten it, the flap 37, the positioning block 35 and the tooth seat 311 form a mortise and tenon-thread double lock, the bucket teeth 31 are firmly fixed in the retracted position, and the entire front end of the bucket becomes a flat scraper, which can be directly used for leveling and backfilling or road surface repair.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting, characterized in that, The bucket body (1) includes a set of clamping components (2) respectively provided on both sides of the bucket body (1), and the two sets of clamping components (2) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the width direction of the bucket body (1); one end of each set of clamping components (2) is connected to the telescopic mechanism (3), and its telescopic end is arranged facing the opening side of the bucket body (1); a connecting main shaft (4) and a connecting pin (5) are arranged parallel to each other at the position near the rear end of the top of the bucket body (1). The connecting main shaft (4) is horizontally inserted between the two side walls of the upper part of the bucket body (1), and its two ends extend to the outside of the side wall of the bucket body (1). The ends of the two sets of clamping components (2) away from the telescopic mechanism (3) are hinged to the bucket body (1) through the connecting main shaft (4), and can rotate relative to the bucket body (1) around the axis of the connecting main shaft (4). The end of each clamping assembly (2) is hinged to the telescopic end of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder (6). The cylinder end of the hydraulic cylinder (6) is hinged to the outer side wall of the upper part of the bucket body (1). The hydraulic cylinder (6) drives the clamping assembly (2) to rotate and swing around the connecting main shaft (4). Side blades (7) are fixedly provided at the edges of the outer side walls on both sides of the bucket body (1). The side blades (7) extend along the height direction of the bucket body (1) and their cutting edges face the outer side and front end of the bucket body (1). The surface of the bucket body (1) is welded with a first wear-resistant plate (8) and a second wear-resistant plate (9).

2. The excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (2) includes a rotating arm (21). A wear-resistant lip (22) is provided at the surface edge of the rotating arm (21) along its length extension direction. The inner surface of the wear-resistant lip (22) is integrally formed with a groove that matches the edge contour of the rotating arm (21). The wear-resistant lip (22) is engaged and assembled at the surface edge of the rotating arm (21) through the groove. The outer surface of the wear-resistant lip (22) is provided with a plurality of connecting holes at intervals along its length direction. The wear-resistant lip (22) is fastened to the rotating arm (21) by bolts passing through the connecting holes. The wear-resistant lip (22) is made of high manganese steel and its outer surface has an arc transition structure to enhance the wear resistance of the edge of the rotating arm (21) and prevent material jamming.

3. The excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating arm (21) has a shaft hole along its length that matches the outer diameter of the connecting spindle (4). The rotating arm (21) is rotatably connected to the connecting spindle (4) through the shaft hole. The end of the rotating arm (21) is provided with a hinge shaft along its width. The rotating arm (21) is rotatably connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (6) through the hinge shaft. The end of the rotating arm (21) away from the connecting spindle (4) is bent. The side of the surface of the rotating arm (21) away from the wear-resistant lip (22) is fixedly provided with a blade (26) along its length.

4. The excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting according to claim 2, characterized in that, A second connecting shaft (23) is provided between the two rotating arms (21). The two ends of the second connecting shaft (23) extend to the outside of the rotating arms (21) respectively, and the two ends of the second connecting shaft (23) are fastened to the rotating arms (21) by nuts. Multiple rubber strips (24) are provided on the second connecting shaft (23) at intervals along its axial direction. The surface of the rubber strips (24) is in contact with the inner wall surface of the bucket body (1), and the other end of the rubber strips (24) is fixed to the inner wall surface of the bucket body (1) by multiple spaced fixing rivets (25).

5. The excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic mechanism (3) includes a sliding component and a positioning component. The sliding component is adapted to be installed at one end of the bottom of the rotating arm (21) and can slide back and forth along the opening direction of the bucket body (1). The sliding component has a receiving cavity that matches the shape of the bucket teeth (31). The bucket teeth (31) are embedded in the receiving cavity and move synchronously with the sliding component. The telescopic action of the bucket teeth (31) is achieved by the reciprocating sliding of the sliding component. The positioning component is set at the bottom of the sliding component and is used to lock the position of the sliding component and the bucket teeth (31).

6. The excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sliding assembly includes a limiting shaft (32), which is inserted into a pre-set slot inside a plurality of bucket teeth (31). The inner diameter of the slot is adapted to the outer diameter of the limiting shaft (32), so that the limiting shaft (32) and the bucket teeth (31) move synchronously. One end of the bucket teeth (31) is fixedly connected to a first tooth plate (34), and the bottom surface of the first tooth plate (34) and the surface of the tooth seat (311) are in surface contact sliding fit. The tooth seat (311) has a sliding groove (33) along its length direction. The inner contour of the sliding groove (33) matches the outer shape of the limiting shaft (32). The limiting shaft (32) can slide back and forth along the extension direction of the sliding groove (33). The sliding groove (33) is used to guide the movement trajectory of the limiting shaft (32).

7. The excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting according to claim 6, characterized in that, The tooth base (311) has multiple grooves evenly spaced along its length, and the spacing of the grooves corresponds to the spacing of the bucket teeth (31). The inner wall of each groove fits against the outer wall of the corresponding bucket tooth (31), and the bucket tooth (31) can slide in contact with the tooth base (311) along the extension direction of the groove. The groove is used to guide and limit the sliding direction of the bucket tooth (31).

8. The excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting according to claim 7, characterized in that, The positioning component includes a positioning block (35), which is welded to the bottom area of ​​each bucket tooth (31), and one end of the bottom of the positioning block (35) is a contracted structure; the outer wall of the positioning block (35) slides in contact with the pre-set hole groove inside the limiting plate (36), and the outline of the hole groove is adapted to the shape of the positioning block (35); the rear end of the limiting plate (36) is integrally formed with a toothed structure, which is arranged in correspondence with the toothed structure at the front end of the bucket body (1); the limiting plate (36) is fastened to the tooth seat (311) by screws, and its installation position corresponds to the sliding trajectory of the positioning block (35).

9. The excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the limiting plate (36) is provided with a flip plate (37), and the surface of the flip plate (37) is provided with a positioning groove (310). The shape of the positioning groove (310) matches the contracted structure at the bottom of the positioning block (35). One end of the flip plate (37) is rotatably connected to the tooth seat (311), and can rotate and swing relative to the tooth seat (311) around the connection position. During the rotation process, the positioning groove (310) on the surface of the flip plate (37) is in contact with the bottom of the positioning block (35).

10. An excavator bucket for agricultural harvesting according to claim 9, characterized in that, The flap (37) is provided with side teeth (38) on both sides away from the rotating end of the tooth seat (311), and the side teeth (38) are provided with slots. The tooth seat (311) is provided with two symmetrical slots of the same inner diameter at the corresponding positions. When the flap (37) is flipped to the bottom of the positioning block (35) and the positioning groove (310) is attached, the side teeth (38) are aligned with the axis of the slot of the tooth seat (311). The positioning bolt (39) with external thread is inserted in the slot of the tooth seat (311). The inner wall of the slot of the tooth seat (311) has a matching internal thread. The positioning bolt (39) is screwed and fixed after passing through the side teeth (38) and the slot of the tooth seat (311).

Images