Method for planting forage grass on desertification land in high and cold pasturing area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration engineering, and particularly discloses a method for planting pasture on desertification land in an alpine pasturing area. The method for planting the forage grass on the desertification land in the high and cold pasturing area comprises the following steps: S1, selecting the desertification land in the high and cold pasturing area; s2, the selected land is subjected to mechanical deep ploughing; s3, applying a soil conditioner; s4, selecting a cold-resistant and drought-resistant pasture variety; s5, the grass seeds are subjected to disinfection and seed soaking pretreatment, the grass seeds are soaked with a carbendazim solution for disinfection, and the grass seeds are soaked with warm water for seed soaking; s6, sowing is conducted in a drill sowing mode; s7, immediately covering a thermal insulation material after sowing; s8, regularly irrigating after sowing; s9, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer in the growth tillering stage of the forage grass; and S10, monitoring diseases and insect pests. The method for planting the forage grass on the desertification land in the alpine pasturing area can be used for rapid treatment of the desertification grassland in the alpine pasturing area, function recovery of a degraded ecological system and sustainable forage grass production, and has the advantage of lasting ecological restoration effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ecological restoration engineering technology, and more specifically, it relates to a method for planting pasture grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas. Background Technology

[0002] Ecological restoration refers to a comprehensive engineering and technological process that addresses ecosystems whose structure has been damaged or whose functions have degraded due to human activities or natural factors. Following ecological principles, it combines artificial assistance with natural recovery, employing techniques such as vegetation reconstruction, soil improvement, hydrological regulation, biodiversity conservation, and pollution control to restore the structural integrity and functional stability of the ecosystem and restore its ecological service values, including soil and water conservation, environmental purification, climate regulation, and biodiversity maintenance. Ecological restoration is widely applied in fields such as ecological protection, environmental governance, mine revegetation, watershed management, and desertification control. It also emphasizes long-term monitoring and dynamic adjustment to avoid excessive or inappropriate human intervention that could lead to secondary damage. The restoration of desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas is a crucial component of ecological restoration.

[0003] The restoration of desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas is carried out through direct sowing or simple soil improvement. However, this method has failed to continuously improve the growth environment required by forage grass, resulting in difficulties in vegetation establishment, low initial survival rate, and forage grass lacking adaptability to high-altitude environments, leading to water and nutrient loss, low temperature stress and vegetation degradation, making it difficult to form a stable and self-sustaining ecosystem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the challenges of vegetation establishment and low initial survival rates in the restoration of desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas, which is often achieved through direct sowing or simple soil improvement, this application provides a method for planting forage grasses on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas.

[0005] This application provides a method for planting forage grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas, employing the following technical solution: A method for planting forage grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas includes the following steps: S1: Select desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas, assess the degree of soil desertification and climate conditions, and ensure that the land slope is less than 15 degrees and the average annual temperature is not lower than -5℃; S2: Mechanical deep tillage of the selected land to a depth of 20-30 cm is carried out to break up soil compaction and improve aeration; S3: Apply soil conditioner, which includes organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent. The amount of organic fertilizer applied per mu is 1000-2000 kg, and the amount of water-retaining agent applied per mu is 5-10 kg. S4: Select cold- and drought-resistant forage grass varieties, including crested wheatgrass or old awn wheat; S5: Disinfect and pre-treat forage seeds by soaking them in a solution of carbendazim for disinfection and soaking them in warm water. S6: Sowing is carried out by row sowing, with a row spacing of 20-30 cm and a sowing depth of 2-3 cm; S7: Immediately after sowing, cover the soil with heat-insulating material, which is straw or biodegradable mulch film, with a covering thickness of 2-5 cm; S8: Irrigate regularly after sowing to maintain soil moisture content between 15% and 20%; S9: Apply nitrogen fertilizer during the tillering stage of pasture growth, with an application rate of 10-15 kg of urea per mu; S10: Monitor pests and diseases, and use biological pesticides for control when they are detected.

[0006] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solutions, the soil compaction layer is broken up by mechanical deep plowing, the organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent work together to improve the soil aggregate structure, the selection of cold-resistant forage varieties ensures the survival ability of forage under high-altitude and cold conditions, the row sowing method optimizes the spatial distribution of plants, and the heat-insulating covering material effectively resists low-temperature stress. The soil moisture balance is maintained by adopting a scientific irrigation system, and the needs of forage at different growth stages are met by staged topdressing. Therefore, the effects of rapid restoration of vegetation in desertified land, improved forage survival rate and continuous improvement of soil quality are achieved.

[0007] Preferably, before S1, the process also includes fencing off the desertified land to prevent livestock from trampling it, with the enclosure period lasting 6-12 months.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, the fence enclosure allows the surface vegetation to recover naturally, reducing human interference that damages the fragile soil structure. During the enclosure period, the accumulation of surface litter promotes the formation of soil organic matter, providing a stable foundation for subsequent mechanical operations. Therefore, the results are enhanced soil surface stability, initial restoration of natural vegetation, and improved soil and water conservation capacity.

[0009] Preferably, in S2, the soil is deep-plowed and then raked flat, with the raking process repeated 2 to 3 times.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the large soil clods formed after deep plowing are broken up by the raking operation, which makes the soil particles uniform and fine, providing suitable seedbed conditions for seed germination. The specific number of raking operations ensure that the soil reaches the appropriate compaction, which ensures aeration and avoids excessive loosening. Therefore, the effects of optimized soil structure, consistent sowing depth and uniform seedling emergence are achieved.

[0011] Preferably, when applying the soil conditioner in S3, a microbial agent is also added. The microbial agent is added at the same time as the organic fertilizer is applied, and the amount added is 0.5 to 1 kg per acre.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solutions, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphorus- and potassium-solubilizing bacteria in the microbial agents work synergistically with organic fertilizers to accelerate the decomposition and transformation of organic matter. The metabolites of the agents promote the formation of soil aggregates, and the establishment of microbial communities enhances soil biological activity. Therefore, the effects of improved soil nutrients, rapid construction of microbial ecosystems, and improved fertilizer utilization are achieved.

[0013] Preferably, the concentration of the carbendazim solution used for disinfection in step S5 is 0.1%-0.2%, and the soaking time is 10-20 minutes.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, since a certain amount of carbendazim solution can kill pathogens on the seed surface, and controlling the soaking time ensures disinfection while avoiding phytotoxicity, this parameter combination is determined based on seed physiological characteristics experiments. Therefore, the effects of reducing seed bacterial load, decreasing seedling disease incidence, and increasing germination rate are achieved.

[0015] Preferably, the soaking water temperature in S5 is 25-30℃, and the soaking time is 12-24 hours.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the appropriate water temperature promotes seed water absorption and swelling, thereby activating the enzyme activity inside the seed. At the same time, the soaking time is controlled to ensure that the seed absorbs water and reaches a suitable state. This combination of temperature and time parameters is determined based on the physiological characteristics of seed germination. Therefore, the effects of enhanced seed germination potential, improved germination uniformity, and enhanced seedling vitality are achieved.

[0017] Preferably, the seeding rate for row sowing in S6 is 1.5 to 2 kg per mu, and the sowing speed is 5 km / h.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solutions, the seeding rate ensures an appropriate number of basic seedlings per unit area, the seeding speed control ensures uniform seed distribution, and the combination of row spacing and seeding depth parameters improves the light and nutrient space for plants, thus achieving the effect of good individual development and improved grassland productivity.

[0019] Preferably, after covering the insulation material as described in S7, a sand-fixing agent is sprayed on the insulation material. The sand-fixing agent is a high molecular polymer, and the spraying amount is 10-20 liters per acre. The spraying time is after covering.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the sand-fixing agent forms an adhesive film on the surface of the insulation material, which enhances the surface's resistance to wind erosion. The film-forming properties of the polymer can fix the surface soil and work synergistically with the insulation material to provide a microenvironment. Therefore, the effects of enhanced surface stability, inhibition of soil moisture evaporation, and wind protection and moisture retention for seedlings are achieved.

[0021] Preferably, the irrigation described in S8 is drip irrigation, with an irrigation frequency of 1 to 2 times per week, and each irrigation amount reaching a soil moisture depth of 20 cm.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solutions, water is supplied through drip irrigation, irrigation depth is controlled to promote the root development of forage grasses, and irrigation frequency is determined based on evaporation data in high-altitude and cold regions. Therefore, the effects of efficient water resource utilization, dynamic soil moisture balance, and promotion of root development are achieved.

[0023] Preferably, when applying nitrogen fertilizer in S9, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is also added, with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 2:1:1, and the application time is after rain or irrigation.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio meets the nutritional needs of the tillering stage, and the topdressing after rain can promote the rapid absorption of nutrients. At the same time, the addition of phosphorus and potassium elements enhances the cold and drought resistance of the forage grass. Therefore, the results of increased tillering number, improved plant vigor and overwintering survival rate are achieved.

[0025] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. This application breaks down the soil barrier layer formed by long-term compaction by deep plowing, and forms a soil matrix with continuous improvement effect by combining organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent. At the same time, it selects cold-resistant forage varieties for high-altitude and cold regions and combines them with row sowing to establish a forage growth environment. Meanwhile, it uses heat insulation materials to maintain the growth temperature required by the forage, thereby achieving the effects of rapid vegetation coverage of desertified land, continuous enhancement of soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and improvement of grassland ecosystem self-sustaining capacity.

[0026] 2. In this application, the preferred method is to use fence enclosure pretreatment and microbial agent directional propagation technology. By setting an enclosure period, the degraded grassland can naturally restore the sod protective layer. In conjunction with the co-application of microbial communities and organic fertilizers, a soil biological activation network is established. Microbial metabolites are used to promote the formation of soil aggregates. At the same time, through the formation of a symbiotic system between mycorrhizal fungi and pasture roots, the effects of rapid activation of soil biological activity, improved nutrient cycling efficiency, and accelerated natural vegetation succession are achieved.

[0027] 3. The method of this application establishes a water and fertilizer synergistic management mechanism with water regulation, combines balanced nutrient ratio during the tillering stage with timely topdressing, and uses a composite covering of sand-fixing agent and heat-insulating material to form a surface protection system. At the same time, an irrigation mechanism is formulated according to the water-heat coupling in high-altitude and cold regions, so that water use efficiency and nutrient absorption efficiency are matched. Therefore, the effect of enhanced pasture stress resistance and continuous and stable grassland productivity is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for planting pasture grass in desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas, as proposed in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for planting pasture grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas, which includes the following steps: S1: Select desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas, assess the degree of soil desertification and climate conditions, and ensure that the land slope is less than 15 degrees and the average annual temperature is not lower than -5°C.

[0032] Prior to S1, the project also includes fencing off desertified land to prevent livestock from trampling it, with a fencing period of 6 months.

[0033] S2: Mechanical deep tillage of the selected land to a depth of 20cm is carried out to break up soil compaction and improve aeration.

[0034] The process involves deep plowing followed by harrowing to level the soil, with the harrowing process repeated twice.

[0035] S3: Apply soil conditioner, which includes organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent. The application rate of organic fertilizer is 1000 kg per mu, and the application rate of water-retaining agent is 5 kg per mu.

[0036] Microbial inoculants were also added, and these inoculants were added at the same time as the organic fertilizer, at a rate of 0.5 kg per acre.

[0037] S4: Select a cold- and drought-resistant forage grass variety, wherein the forage grass variety is crested wheatgrass.

[0038] S5: Disinfect and pre-treat forage seeds by soaking them in a solution of carbendazim for disinfection and soaking them in warm water.

[0039] The concentration of the carbendazim solution used for disinfection was 0.1%, and the soaking time was 10 minutes.

[0040] The soaking water temperature was 25°C, and the soaking time was 12 hours.

[0041] S6: Sowing is carried out using the row sowing method, with a row spacing of 20cm and a sowing depth of 2cm.

[0042] The seeding rate for row sowing is 1.5 kg per mu, and the sowing speed is 5 km per hour.

[0043] S7: Immediately after sowing, cover with heat-insulating material, which is straw or biodegradable mulch film, with a covering thickness of 2cm.

[0044] After covering with insulation material, a sand-fixing agent is sprayed on the insulation material. The sand-fixing agent is a high molecular polymer, and the spraying amount is 10L per acre. The spraying time is after covering.

[0045] S8: Irrigate regularly after sowing to keep the soil moisture content between 15% and 25%.

[0046] The irrigation system uses drip irrigation, which is carried out once a week, with each irrigation reaching a soil moisture depth of 20cm.

[0047] S9: Apply nitrogen fertilizer during the tillering stage of pasture growth, with an application rate of 10 kg urea per mu.

[0048] When applying nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are also added, with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 2:1:1. The application time is after rain or irrigation.

[0049] S10: Monitor pests and diseases, and use biological pesticides for control when they are detected.

[0050] Existing methods for restoring desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas involve direct sowing or simple soil improvement. However, these methods fail to continuously improve the growth environment required by forage grasses, resulting in difficulties in vegetation establishment, low initial survival rates, and a lack of adaptability to high-altitude environments, leading to water and nutrient loss, low-temperature stress, and vegetation degradation. Consequently, it becomes difficult to form a stable and self-sustaining ecosystem.

[0051] This embodiment breaks down the soil barrier layer formed by long-term compaction by deep plowing, and forms a soil matrix with continuous improvement effect by combining organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent. At the same time, cold-resistant forage varieties are selected for high-altitude and cold regions and combined with row sowing to establish a forage growth environment. Meanwhile, heat-insulating materials are used to maintain the growth temperature required by the forage. This results in the effects of rapid vegetation coverage of desertified land, continuous enhancement of soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and improvement of grassland ecosystem self-sustaining capacity.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] This embodiment 2 provides a method for planting pasture grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas, which includes the following steps: S1: Select desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas, assess the degree of soil desertification and climate conditions, and ensure that the land slope is less than 15 degrees and the average annual temperature is not lower than -5°C.

[0054] Prior to S1, the project also includes fencing off desertified land to prevent livestock from trampling it, with a fencing period of 9 months.

[0055] S2: Mechanical deep tillage of the selected land to a depth of 25cm is carried out to break up soil compaction and improve aeration.

[0056] The process involves deep plowing followed by harrowing to level the soil, with the harrowing process repeated twice.

[0057] S3: Apply soil conditioner, which includes organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent. The application rate of organic fertilizer is 1500 kg per mu, and the application rate of water-retaining agent is 7.5 kg per mu.

[0058] Microbial inoculants were also added, and these inoculants were added at the same time as the organic fertilizer, at a rate of 0.75 kg per acre.

[0059] S4: Select a cold- and drought-resistant forage grass variety, the forage grass variety being Old Mango.

[0060] S5: Disinfect and pre-treat forage seeds by soaking them in a solution of carbendazim for disinfection and soaking them in warm water.

[0061] The concentration of the carbendazim solution used for disinfection was 0.15%, and the soaking time was 15 minutes.

[0062] The soaking water temperature was 27.5°C, and the soaking time was 18 hours.

[0063] S6: Sowing is carried out using the row sowing method, with a row spacing of 25cm and a sowing depth of 2.5cm.

[0064] The seeding rate for row sowing is 1.75 kg per mu, and the sowing speed is 5 km per hour.

[0065] S7: Immediately after sowing, cover with heat-insulating material, which is straw or biodegradable mulch film, with a covering thickness of 3.5cm.

[0066] After covering with insulation material, a sand-fixing agent is sprayed on the insulation material. The sand-fixing agent is a high molecular polymer, and the spraying amount is 15L per acre. The spraying time is after covering.

[0067] S8: Irrigate regularly after sowing to maintain soil moisture content between 17.5%.

[0068] The irrigation system uses drip irrigation, which is carried out once a week, with each irrigation reaching a soil moisture depth of 20cm.

[0069] S9: Apply nitrogen fertilizer during the tillering stage of pasture growth, with an application rate of 12.5 kg urea per mu.

[0070] When applying nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are also added, with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 2:1:1. The application time is after rain or irrigation.

[0071] S10: Monitor pests and diseases, and use biological pesticides for control when they are detected.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] This embodiment 3 provides a method for planting pasture grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas, which includes the following steps: S1: Select desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas, assess the degree of soil desertification and climate conditions, and ensure that the land slope is less than 15 degrees and the average annual temperature is not lower than -5°C.

[0074] Prior to S1, the project also includes fencing off desertified land to prevent livestock from trampling it, with a fencing period of 12 months.

[0075] S2: Mechanical deep tillage of the selected land to a depth of 30cm is carried out to break up soil compaction and improve aeration.

[0076] The process involves deep plowing followed by harrowing to level the soil, with the harrowing process repeated three times.

[0077] S3: Apply soil conditioner, which includes organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent. The application rate of organic fertilizer is 2000 kg per mu, and the application rate of water-retaining agent is 10 kg per mu.

[0078] Microbial inoculants were also added, and these inoculants were added at the same time as the organic fertilizer, at a rate of 1 kg per acre.

[0079] S4: Select a cold- and drought-resistant forage grass variety, wherein the forage grass variety is crested wheatgrass.

[0080] S5: Disinfect and pre-treat forage seeds by soaking them in a solution of carbendazim for disinfection and soaking them in warm water.

[0081] The concentration of the carbendazim solution used for disinfection was 0.2%, and the soaking time was 20 minutes.

[0082] The soaking water temperature is 30°C, and the soaking time is 24 hours.

[0083] S6: Sowing is carried out using the row sowing method, with a row spacing of 30cm and a sowing depth of 3cm.

[0084] The seeding rate for row sowing is 2 kg per mu, and the sowing speed is 5 km per hour.

[0085] S7: Immediately after sowing, cover with heat-insulating material, which is straw or biodegradable mulch film, with a covering thickness of 5cm.

[0086] After covering with insulation material, a sand-fixing agent is sprayed on the insulation material. The sand-fixing agent is a high molecular polymer, and the spraying amount is 20L per acre. The spraying time is after covering.

[0087] S8: Irrigate regularly after sowing to keep the soil moisture content between 20% and 30%.

[0088] The irrigation system uses drip irrigation, which is carried out twice a week, with each irrigation ensuring that the soil is moistened to a depth of 20cm.

[0089] S9: Apply nitrogen fertilizer during the tillering stage of pasture growth, with an application rate of 15 kg urea per mu.

[0090] When applying nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are also added, with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 2:1:1. The application time is after rain or irrigation.

[0091] S10: Monitor pests and diseases, and use biological pesticides for control when they are detected.

[0092] Comparative Example 1 The comparative example refers to the content of Example 1, except that the enclosure period is shortened to 3 months, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0093] Comparative Example 2 The comparative example refers to the content of Example 1, except that the mechanical deep turning depth is adjusted to 10 cm, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 3 The comparative example is based on Example 1, except that the amount of organic fertilizer applied is reduced to 500 kg / mu, while the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0095] Comparative Example 4 The comparative example is based on Example 1, except that the amount of water-retaining agent applied is reduced to 3 kg / mu, while the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0096] Comparative Example 5 The comparative example is based on the content of Example 1, except that the sowing depth is adjusted to 1 cm, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0097] Comparative Example 6 The comparative example refers to the content of Example 1, except that the irrigation frequency is increased to once every 3 days, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0098] Performance testing Sample preparation: This experiment was conducted in a typical high-altitude desertified grassland at an altitude of approximately 4,500 meters with an average annual temperature of -2°C. Areas with uniform desertification and flat terrain were selected and divided into 10 experimental plots, each with an area of ​​1 mu (approximately 0.16 acres). Forage planting and maintenance were carried out according to the technical schemes described in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6, respectively. Each scheme had one replicate plot. Except for the specific parameters of the scheme, all other environmental conditions and management measures were kept consistent in all plots. Monitoring was carried out continuously for 12 months, starting from fencing or deep plowing.

[0099] Soil aggregate stability testing: Soil samples were collected from a depth of 0-20 cm in each plot using a five-point sampling method. After natural air drying, a certain amount of sample was weighed and passed through a set of standard sieves with different apertures for dry sieving analysis. Subsequently, wet sieving analysis was performed on aggregates at each level after sieving, and the percentage of water-stable aggregates larger than 0.25 mm was calculated. This test was conducted in accordance with the relevant provisions on soil aggregate analysis in the Forestry Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China "Determination of Particle Composition of Forest Soil" (LY / T1225-1999).

[0100] Forage vegetation cover and biomass detection: During the peak growing season of forage grass, five 1m x 1m quadrats were randomly set up in each plot. The vegetation in the quadrats was photographed vertically using a digital camera. The proportion of green vegetation pixels to total pixels was calculated using image analysis software, which is the vegetation cover. At the same time, the aboveground parts of all forage grass in the quadrats were cut at ground level, washed, and dried in an oven at 65℃ to constant weight. The dry matter mass per unit area was weighed and calculated. The vegetation cover was measured in accordance with the "Method for Calculating Grassland Vegetation Cover" (NY / T2998-2016). The biomass was measured in accordance with the "Technical Specification for Grassland Resource Survey" (NY / T2997-2016).

[0101] Dynamic monitoring of soil volumetric water content: A time domain reflectometer probe was installed at the center of each plot, with the probes vertically positioned at depths of 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm. The data logger was set to automatically record the volumetric water content data of each soil layer every four hours, continuously recording throughout the growing season. By analyzing the temporal dynamics and vertical distribution of soil moisture content, the ability of water-retaining agents and irrigation systems to maintain and regulate soil moisture was evaluated. The monitoring of soil volumetric water content followed the usage specifications of the time domain reflectometer method in the "Soil Moisture Determination Procedure" (SL364-2015).

[0102] Forage root development status detection: At the end of the experiment, representative plants were selected from each plot, and complete root samples were obtained by excavation. After washing away the rhizosphere soil, the maximum extension depth and main distribution range of the roots were measured. At the same time, morphological parameters such as total root length, average root diameter and root surface area were analyzed using a root scanner and supporting software. This detection was carried out in accordance with the "Methods for Monitoring and Measuring Plant Roots" (LY / T2010-2012).

[0103] Detection of changes in soil organic matter content: Before and after the experiment, soil samples from the 0 to 20 cm soil layer were collected from each plot using the five-point method. After mixing, a portion of the samples were air-dried, ground, and sieved. The soil organic carbon content was determined by titration using the potassium dichromate oxidation external heating method, and the soil organic matter content was obtained. The increment during the experiment was also obtained (usually multiplied by a certain conversion factor, which is 1.724 in this example). Testing standard: The determination of soil organic matter content was strictly carried out in accordance with the standard "Determination of Soil Organic Matter" (NY / T1121.6-2006).

[0104] Group Content (%) of water-stable macroaggregates (>0.25 mm) Vegetation coverage (%) Aboveground biomass (kg / acre) Increase in soil organic matter (g / kg) Average root depth (cm) Example 1 38.5 82.5 285.6 4.2 18.3 Example 2 41.2 85.8 301.4 4.8 19.7 Example 3 45.6 88.9 320.1 5.5 21.5 Comparative Example 1 25.3 65.4 180.2 2.1 12.8 Comparative Example 2 28.7 70.1 205.7 2.8 14.1 Comparative Example 3 30.2 68.9 195.8 1.9 13.5 Comparative Example 4 26.8 60.3 162.4 2.5 11.9 Comparative Example 5 22.1 55.7 150.6 2.3 9.8 Comparative Example 6 20.5 58.2 145.3 2.0 10.4 Example Conclusion: As can be seen from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, and Table 1, the enclosure period is the basis for the self-recovery of degraded grassland ecosystems. It provides rest time for soil seed bank germination and native vegetation restoration, affecting the effectiveness of subsequent artificial intervention measures and the stability of final vegetation restoration.

[0105] As can be seen from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 2, and Table 1, an appropriate mechanical deep plowing depth can break up the plow pan and improve the root growth space. Insufficient depth will limit soil aeration and water permeability and the deep rooting of forage grass, thereby affecting the plant's ability to utilize deep soil moisture and nutrients, and restricting its stress resistance and biomass accumulation.

[0106] As can be seen from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 3, and Table 1, the application of organic fertilizer can rapidly improve the fertility of desertified land. It provides energy substances for soil microorganisms and replenishes organic matter, which is the basis for building fertile soil matrix and promoting the formation of aggregate structure, and simultaneously improves the chemical properties and physical structure of soil.

[0107] Based on Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 4, and in conjunction with Table 1, it can be seen that the application of an appropriate amount of water-retaining agent can maintain moisture in high-altitude and desertified areas. It regulates soil moisture by absorbing and slowly releasing water, and works synergistically with organic fertilizer to provide a suitable microenvironment for seed germination and seedling growth, thereby improving water use efficiency and vegetation establishment success rate.

[0108] As can be seen from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 5 and Table 1, an appropriate sowing depth can ensure that the seeds are in close contact with the soil and thus obtain uniform emergence. Sowing that is too shallow can easily lead to seed exposure or affect the imbibition and germination due to rapid evaporation of surface water, resulting in uneven emergence, weak seedlings, and ultimately affecting the uniformity of the population and the grassland coverage.

[0109] As can be seen from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 6 and Table 1, controlling the irrigation frequency can balance the water demand of plants and the water supply capacity of soil. However, excessively frequent irrigation not only wastes water resources, but also damages soil structure, inhibits roots from reaching deeper water, and leads to a decrease in the drought resistance of plants and a deterioration of the soil environment, which is not conducive to the long-term healthy growth of vegetation.

[0110] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for planting forage grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Select desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas, assess the degree of soil desertification and climate conditions, and ensure that the land slope is less than 15 degrees and the average annual temperature is not lower than -5℃; S2: Mechanical deep tillage of the selected land to a depth of 20-30 cm is carried out to break up soil compaction and improve aeration; S3: Apply soil conditioner, which includes organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent. The amount of organic fertilizer applied per mu is 1000-2000 kg, and the amount of water-retaining agent applied per mu is 5-10 kg. S4: Select cold- and drought-resistant forage grass varieties, including crested wheatgrass or old awn wheat; S5: Disinfect and pre-treat forage seeds by soaking them in a solution of carbendazim for disinfection and soaking them in warm water. S6: Sowing is carried out by row sowing, with a row spacing of 20-30 cm and a sowing depth of 2-3 cm; S7: Immediately after sowing, cover the soil with heat-insulating material, which is straw or biodegradable mulch film, with a covering thickness of 2-5 cm; S8: Irrigate regularly after sowing to maintain soil moisture content between 15% and 20%; S9: Apply nitrogen fertilizer during the tillering stage of pasture growth, with an application rate of 10-15 kg of urea per mu; S10: Monitor pests and diseases, and use biological pesticides for control when they are detected.

2. The method for planting forage grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to S1, it also included fencing off desertified land to prevent livestock from trampling it, with a fencing period of 6-12 months.

3. The method for planting forage grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the soil is deeply plowed and then harrowed to level it, with the harrowing process repeated 2 to 3 times.

4. A method for planting forage grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, When applying soil conditioner in S3, microbial inoculants are also added. These microbial inoculants are added at the same time as the organic fertilizer, at a rate of 0.5 to 1 kg per acre.

5. A method for planting forage grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of carbendazim solution used for disinfection in S5 is 0.1%-0.2%, and the soaking time is 10-20 minutes.

6. A method for planting forage grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soaking temperature for S5 seeds is 25-30℃, and the soaking time is 12-24 hours.

7. A method for planting forage grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seeding rate for S6 strip sowing is 1.5-2 kg per mu, and the sowing speed is 5 km / h.

8. A method for planting forage grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, After covering the insulation material in S7, a sand-fixing agent is sprayed on the insulation material. The sand-fixing agent is a high molecular polymer, and the spraying amount is 10-20 liters per acre. The spraying time is after covering.

9. A method for planting forage grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S8, drip irrigation is used, with an irrigation frequency of 1 to 2 times per week, and each irrigation is sufficient to moisten the soil to a depth of 20 centimeters.

10. A method for planting forage grass on desertified land in high-altitude pastoral areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, When applying nitrogen fertilizer in S9, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are also added, with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 2:1:

1. The application time is after rain or irrigation.

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