Capacitor on-line test system and method of high energy storage pulse power device

Abstract

The invention discloses a capacitor online test system and method of a high energy storage pulse power device, and belongs to the technical field of circuit structure test. According to the method, the capacitance value of the capacitor is detected in a multi-channel parallel manner through the multi-channel parallel online test equipment under the condition that a circuit structure is not disassembled; therefore, the safety risk is reduced, and the detection precision of the capacitance value of the capacitor is improved while the labor cost and the time cost are reduced. And meanwhile, the device has automatic data storage and analysis functions, and the capacitance values of the capacitor detected at different moments are automatically stored, so that subsequent tracing of device fault data and timely early warning of device faults are facilitated, and the state monitoring of the device is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of circuit structure testing technology, and specifically relates to an online testing system and method for capacitors of high energy storage pulse power devices. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage pulsed power devices are core components that slowly store energy and then rapidly release it in extremely short time intervals of nanoseconds to microseconds to obtain high peak power. In high-energy-storage, high-current-discharge pulsed power devices, capacitors are the core energy storage components, and their performance directly determines the operational stability and lifespan of the device. Taking the National Ignition Facility in the United States as an example, this facility uses more than 4,000 high-energy-storage capacitors to power the laser. The failure of a single capacitor will affect the normal operation of the entire system, thus the need for capacitor performance monitoring is extremely urgent.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream and most widely used technology for performance monitoring of high-energy-storage capacitors in the industry is still offline disassembly and measurement. This method requires completely removing the capacitor from the main circuit of the pulse power device, disconnecting the bus connection, removing the fixing bracket, and then completing parameter measurements using specialized offline testing instruments. Therefore, the existing method suffers from problems such as low testing efficiency, long processing time, high labor costs, and significant safety risks, making it difficult to meet the health management needs of large-scale capacitor banks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online testing system and method for capacitors of high energy storage pulse power devices, addressing the aforementioned problems, and to improve the low testing efficiency, long testing time, and low testing accuracy of existing high energy storage capacitors.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: an online testing system for capacitors of a high-energy-storage pulse power device, wherein the high-energy-storage pulse power device includes an energy storage component, which is composed of multiple energy storage units connected in parallel; the online testing system includes a multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module, a power amplification and injection module, and a feature extraction module. The multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module receives sweep frequency commands and generates multi-channel sweep frequency signals of different standards, which are then input into the power amplification and injection module; the power amplification and injection module then scales the sweep frequency signals proportionally, injects them into the high-energy-storage pulse power device connected by a series resistor, and performs multi-channel parallel testing on the energy-storage pulse power device; the feature extraction module performs data analysis on the sweep frequency response signal output by the high-energy-storage pulse power device, extracts the resonant frequency, and then calculates the capacitor capacitance value.

[0006] Furthermore, the input end of the multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module of the high energy storage pulse power device is connected to the human-machine interaction module and the communication module. The human-machine interaction module and the communication module receive external data input and output sweep frequency commands to control the multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module to generate sweep frequency signals. The output end of the power amplification injection module is connected to the energy storage unit. The power amplification injection module outputs a sinusoidal voltage signal with constant amplitude and frequency that changes continuously with time, which is then input to the high energy storage pulse power device.

[0007] Furthermore, the online testing system also includes a high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module. The input end of the high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module is connected to the output end of the high-energy-storage pulse power device. The high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module acquires the sweep frequency response signal output by the high-energy-storage pulse power device and performs preprocessing. The resonant frequency of the preprocessed sweep frequency response signal is extracted by the feature extraction module to obtain the capacitor capacitance value.

[0008] Furthermore, the online testing system also includes a data storage and analysis module, a human-computer interaction module, and a communication module, used to store the capacitor values ​​generated by the feature extraction module in real time; the human-computer interaction module and the communication module receive external data input and generate a frequency sweep command to the multi-channel frequency sweep signal generation module to control the generation of frequency sweep signals, and receive the capacitor values ​​stored in the data storage and analysis module to transmit data to the outside via remote communication.

[0009] Furthermore, the online testing system also includes isolation short-circuit wires for isolating and short-circuiting energy storage units in high-energy-storage pulse power devices.

[0010] Furthermore, an online testing method for capacitors in a high-energy-storage pulse power device includes the following steps:

[0011] Step S1: Isolate multiple energy storage units with isolation short-circuit wires, which are connected in parallel to the output terminal and ground port of the high energy storage pulse power device; Step S2: According to the specific settings, the multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module generates multiple channels of sweep frequency signals with different standards as input signals for the power amplification and injection module; the multi-channel output ports of the power amplification and injection module are connected to the circuit structure of the energy storage unit, and the power amplification and injection module scales the sweep frequency signals proportionally and injects them into the high energy storage pulse power device; The circuit structure includes capacitors and inductors; Step S3: The high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module acquires the sweep frequency response signal output by the high-energy storage pulse power device and transmits it to the feature extraction module, which then calculates the capacitor capacitance value. Step S4: Store the capacitor capacitance value calculated in step S3 in real time into the data storage and analysis module. Based on this, realize data tracing after device failure, aging process analysis, life prediction and fault early warning.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, the high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module acquires signals with frequency f and amplitude f. The standard sinusoidal excitation signal, the amplitude of the response signal Related to the parallel impedance of the circuit structure at this frequency:

[0013]

[0014] in, The parallel equivalent impedance of the circuit structure, The series resistance value is used; the equivalent model of a capacitor includes an ideal capacitance. and parasitic inductance Parasitic resistance The equivalent model of a damped inductor includes an ideal inductor. and parasitic resistance , For angular frequency, when hour, Take the maximum value.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the feature extraction module obtains the amplitude-frequency curve of the signal from the time-domain waveform of the response signal, and acquires the frequency at which the amplitude of the response signal is at its maximum, which is the resonant frequency at which the circuit structure resonates and the parallel impedance is at its maximum. :

[0016] When known and After obtaining the value, the calculation is as follows. Value:

[0017] The feature extraction module reads the ambient temperature during the test, corrects the standard inductance value, and thus accurately calculates the capacitor's capacitance value.

[0018] in, It is a function of inductance value as a function of temperature.

[0019] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention uses a multi-channel parallel online testing device to detect the capacitance value of capacitors in parallel through multiple channels without disassembling the circuit structure; thereby reducing safety risks and improving the detection accuracy of capacitor capacitance values ​​while reducing labor and time costs. 2. This invention has automatic data storage and analysis functions. By automatically storing the capacitance values ​​of capacitors detected at different times, it is convenient to trace device fault data in the future and provide timely warnings of device faults, thereby enhancing the monitoring of device status. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a system architecture diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a single-channel connection according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0023] Currently, the most widely used technology for performance monitoring of high-energy-storage capacitors is still offline disassembly and measurement. This method requires completely removing the capacitor from the main circuit of the pulse power device, disconnecting the bus connection, removing the fixing bracket, and measuring parameters using specialized offline testing instruments. This method has low testing efficiency, long testing time, high labor costs, and significant safety risks, making it unsuitable for the health management needs of large-scale capacitor libraries. Therefore, this invention proposes an online testing system and method for capacitors in high-energy-storage pulse power devices. The multi-channel parallel online testing system can detect capacitor capacitance values ​​in parallel through multiple channels without disassembling the circuit structure; simultaneously, it automatically stores the capacitor capacitance values ​​detected at different times, enabling data traceability after device failure, aging process analysis, lifespan prediction, and fault early warning. Compared with existing testing schemes, this method can significantly reduce safety risks, labor costs, and time costs, and enhance the status monitoring of device components.

[0024] Example 1 like Figures 1-4 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention is an online testing method for capacitors of a high-energy-storage pulse power device, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Isolate the multiple energy storage units of the energy storage module with isolation short-circuit wires, which are connected in parallel to the output terminal and ground terminal of the high energy storage pulse power device; the energy storage module is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the energy storage module consists of multiple energy storage units connected in parallel, and each energy storage unit includes a power capacitor and a damping inductor.

[0025] An isolation short-circuit wire is connected to the output port and ground port of the energy storage component of the high-energy-storage pulse power device to achieve isolation of each energy storage unit.

[0026] Step S2: According to the specific settings, the multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module generates multiple channels of sweep frequency signals with different standards as input signals for the power amplification and injection module; the multi-channel output ports of the power amplification and injection module are connected to the circuit structure of the energy storage unit, and the power amplification and injection module scales the sweep frequency signals proportionally and injects them into the high energy storage pulse power device; The multi-channel output ports of the power amplifier injection module are connected between the circuit structures. The power amplifier injection module outputs a sinusoidal voltage signal with constant amplitude and frequency that changes continuously with time. This signal is then connected to the object under test after passing through a series resistor. A single-channel connection diagram is shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0027] Step S3: The high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module acquires the sweep frequency response signal output by the high-energy storage pulse power device and transmits it to the feature extraction module, which then calculates the capacitor capacitance value. The high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module acquires signals with a frequency of f and an amplitude of The standard sinusoidal excitation signal, the amplitude of the response signal Related to the parallel impedance of the circuit structure at this frequency:

[0028]

[0029] in, The parallel equivalent impedance of the circuit structure, The series resistance value is used; the equivalent model of a capacitor includes an ideal capacitance. and parasitic inductance Parasitic resistance The equivalent model of a damped inductor includes an ideal inductor. and parasitic resistance , For angular frequency, when hour, Take the maximum value.

[0030] In step S3, the feature extraction module obtains the amplitude-frequency curve of the signal from the time-domain waveform of the response signal, and acquires the frequency at which the amplitude of the response signal is at its maximum, which is the resonant frequency at which the circuit structure resonates and the parallel impedance is at its maximum. :

[0031] When known and After obtaining the value, the calculation is as follows: Value:

[0032] The feature extraction module reads the ambient temperature during the test, corrects the standard inductance value, and thus accurately calculates the capacitor's capacitance value.

[0033] in, It is a function of inductance value as a function of temperature.

[0034] Step S4: Store the capacitor capacitance value calculated in step S3 in real time into the data storage and analysis module. Based on this, realize data tracing after device failure, aging process analysis, life prediction and fault early warning.

[0035] At the same time, different channels of the system can perform parallel tests on different energy storage units of the device, thus significantly shortening the testing time. The system's data storage and analysis module can store historical test data, based on which it can realize device status monitoring, aging process analysis, life prediction, fault early warning, and post-fault data traceability.

[0036] Example 2 like Figure 2 As shown, another embodiment of the present invention is an online capacitor testing system for a high-energy-storage pulse power device, the system comprising the following modules: Power module: The power module converts mains power into standard power supplies with different voltages required by other modules, providing a stable power supply to other modules; Multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module: Generates multiple channels of sweep frequency signals of different standards according to the settings, providing input signals for the power amplifier module; Power amplification and injection module: It has a stronger output power capability and is responsible for proportionally scaling the sweep frequency signal generated by the multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module, and then injecting it into the high-energy-storage pulse power device connected through the line after passing through a series resistor. High-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module: Acquires the swept frequency response signal of the object under test, performs filtering and analog-to-digital conversion on it, and outputs the processed digital signal to the feature extraction module.

[0037] Feature extraction module: Analyzes the swept frequency response signal input from the high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module to extract the resonant frequency. Calculates the capacitor capacitance using the resonant frequency information. Data storage and analysis module: Automatically stores the capacitance values ​​of capacitors detected at different times, and uses this as a basis to realize data tracing after device failure, aging process analysis, life prediction and fault early warning; Human-machine interaction module and communication module: Provide the device with input signals such as frequency sweep signal parameters and data query through local input or remote communication, and obtain output data such as frequency sweep response waveform, historical detection value, and fault warning; Isolating short-circuit conductor: The short-circuit conductor is connected in parallel to both ends of the parallel unit of the high-energy-storage high-current discharge pulse power device to achieve isolation of each unit.

[0038] The output terminals of the human-machine interaction module and communication module are connected to the multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module for outputting sweep frequency commands. Simultaneously, the human-machine interaction module and communication module communicate with external data for transmission. The input terminals of the human-machine interaction module and communication module are connected to the data storage and analysis module for transmitting data externally and providing fault warnings based on historical data. The multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module outputs a sweep frequency signal to the power amplification and injection module for proportional scaling, followed by injection through a series resistor into the high-energy-storage pulse power device connected via a line, enabling multi-channel parallel testing of the energy-storage pulse power device. The input terminal of the high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module is connected to the output terminal of the high-energy-storage pulse power device. This module acquires and preprocesses the sweep frequency response signal output by the high-energy-storage pulse power device. The preprocessed sweep frequency response signal is then analyzed by the feature extraction module to extract the resonant frequency and obtain the capacitor capacitance value. Finally, the data storage and analysis module stores the capacitor capacitance values ​​detected at different times generated by the feature extraction module in real time and analyzes the corresponding values. Based on this, it enables data tracing after device failure, aging process analysis, lifespan prediction, and fault warning.

[0039] In summary, this embodiment utilizes a multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module to simultaneously detect capacitor capacitance values ​​across multiple channels, enabling real-time online testing of high-energy-storage pulse power devices without disassembling the circuit structure. Simultaneously, the data storage and analysis module stores the generated capacitor capacitance values ​​in real time, facilitating data analysis and early warning, thereby improving testing accuracy.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online capacitor testing system for a high-energy-storage pulse power device, wherein the high-energy-storage pulse power device includes an energy storage component, the energy storage component being composed of multiple energy storage units connected in parallel; characterized in that, The online testing system includes a multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module, a power amplification and injection module, and a feature extraction module. The multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module receives sweep frequency commands and generates multi-channel sweep frequency signals of different standards, which are then input into the power amplification and injection module. The power amplification and injection module then scales the sweep frequency signals proportionally, injects them into a high-energy-storage pulse power device connected by a series resistor, and performs multi-channel parallel testing on the energy-storage pulse power device. The feature extraction module performs data analysis on the sweep frequency response signal output by the high-energy-storage pulse power device, extracts the resonant frequency, and then calculates the capacitor capacitance value.

2. The online capacitor testing system for a high-energy-storage pulse power device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input terminal of the multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module of the high energy storage pulse power device is connected to the human-machine interaction module and the communication module. The human-machine interaction module and the communication module receive external data input and output sweep frequency commands to control the multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module to generate sweep frequency signals. The output terminal of the power amplification injection module is connected to the energy storage unit. The power amplification injection module outputs a sinusoidal voltage signal with constant amplitude and frequency that changes continuously with time, which is then input to the high energy storage pulse power device.

3. The online capacitor testing system for a high-energy-storage pulse power device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The online testing system also includes a high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module. The input end of the high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module is connected to the output end of the high-energy-storage pulse power device. The high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module acquires the sweep frequency response signal output by the high-energy-storage pulse power device and performs preprocessing. The preprocessed sweep frequency response signal is used to extract the resonant frequency by the feature extraction module to obtain the capacitor capacitance value.

4. The online capacitor testing system for a high-energy-storage pulse power device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The online testing system also includes a data storage and analysis module, a human-computer interaction module, and a communication module. The human-computer interaction module and the communication module receive external data input and generate a frequency sweep command to the multi-channel frequency sweep signal generation module to control the generation of frequency sweep signals. They also receive the capacitor capacitance values ​​stored in the data storage and analysis module and transmit the data to the outside world via remote communication.

5. The online capacitor testing system for a high-energy-storage pulse power device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The online testing system also includes isolation short-circuit conductors for isolating and short-circuiting energy storage units in high-energy-storage pulse power devices.

6. An online testing method for capacitors of a high-energy-storage pulse power device, comprising an online testing system for capacitors of a high-energy-storage pulse power device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The online testing method includes the following steps: Step S1: Isolate multiple energy storage units with isolation short-circuit wires, which are connected in parallel to the output terminal and ground port of the high energy storage pulse power device; Step S2: According to the specific settings, the multi-channel sweep frequency signal generation module generates multiple channels of sweep frequency signals with different standards as input signals for the power amplification and injection module; the multi-channel output ports of the power amplification and injection module are connected to the circuit structure of the energy storage unit, and the power amplification and injection module scales the sweep frequency signals proportionally and injects them into the high energy storage pulse power device; Step S3: The high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module acquires the sweep frequency response signal output by the high-energy storage pulse power device and transmits it to the feature extraction module, which calculates the capacitor capacitance value. Step S4: Store the capacitor capacitance value calculated in step S3 in real time into the data storage and analysis module. Based on this, realize data tracing after device failure, aging process analysis, life prediction and fault early warning.

7. The online testing method for capacitors of a high-energy-storage pulse power device according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the high-speed signal acquisition and preprocessing module performs a signal acquisition and preprocessing process for a signal with frequency f and amplitude f. The standard sinusoidal excitation signal, the amplitude of the response signal Related to the parallel impedance of the circuit structure at this frequency: in, The parallel equivalent impedance of the circuit structure. The series resistance value is used; the equivalent model of a capacitor includes an ideal capacitance. and parasitic inductance Parasitic resistance The equivalent model of a damped inductor includes an ideal inductor. and parasitic resistance , For angular frequency, when hour, Take the maximum value.

8. The online testing method for capacitors of a high-energy-storage pulse power device according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S3, the feature extraction module obtains the amplitude-frequency curve of the signal from the time-domain waveform of the response signal, and acquires the frequency at which the amplitude of the response signal is at its maximum, which is the resonant frequency at which the circuit structure resonates and the parallel impedance is at its maximum. : When known and After obtaining the value, the calculation is as follows: Value: The feature extraction module reads the ambient temperature during the test, corrects the standard inductance value, and thus accurately calculates the capacitor's capacitance value. in, It is a function of inductance value as a function of temperature.

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