Power transformer winding lightning impulse partial discharge simulation method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention provides a power transformer winding lightning impulse partial discharge simulation method, device, equipment and medium, and relates to the field of electrical equipment and measurement, and the method comprises the steps: building a finite element simulation model of a target transformer, the finite element simulation model comprises a winding, an iron core, an insulating plate and transformer oil; a lightning impulse voltage waveform is applied to the finite element simulation model, electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters are obtained, and the equivalent parameters comprise equivalent capacitance parameters and equivalent inductance parameters; using the electric field intensity distribution data and the equivalent parameters to carry out an alternating current and direct current superposition impulse voltage test to obtain discharge data; and optimizing parameters of the finite element simulation model by using the discharge data. Thus, through simulation guidance test design (field intensity distribution-test electrode design) and test verification of a simulation result, the simulation result and the test design are mutually verified, and the accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical equipment and measurement technology, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for simulating partial discharge of lightning impulses in power transformer windings. Background Technology

[0002] Large power transformers (including converter transformers) are core hub equipment in the power grid system. Their safe and stable operation directly determines the overall reliability and stability of the power supply system and is a key link in ensuring efficient energy transmission. Industry statistics show that approximately one-third of unplanned transformer outages are related to lightning strikes. Although transmission lines and substations are now widely equipped with conventional lightning protection devices such as surge arresters, it is still difficult to completely avoid lightning-induced overvoltage problems in power equipment. These lightning impulse voltages are characterized by steep waveform rise times and extremely high equivalent frequencies. When they penetrate the transformer along the transmission line, they cause a sharp increase in the gradient voltage between windings, leading to localized insulation breakdown faults between winding turns. Furthermore, under the influence of lightning strikes, the leakage flux of the transformer windings changes drastically. The surge current generated in the windings will create abrupt electromagnetic stress on the winding body, potentially causing axial deformation of the windings and ultimately damaging the transformer, severely disrupting the stable and safe supply of the power system.

[0003] Currently, research on transformer windings subjected to lightning impulses mainly falls into two categories: voltage distribution simulation calculations and impulse voltage tests. Voltage distribution simulation calculations under lightning impulses are based on the multi-conductor transmission line model theory. Under the equivalent frequency of the impulse voltage, the equivalent inductance, resistance, and capacitance matrices of the transformer windings are solved, thus constructing a multi-layer equivalent circuit for the transformer windings. By applying impulse voltage excitation to the winding ends, the voltage values ​​of different winding sections can be simulated and solved. While this method can obtain the overall distribution law of the winding impulse voltage, it highly abstracts the winding structure into a lumped parameter model, ignoring the actual spatial structural relationships and detailed characteristics of the windings. Therefore, it cannot further calculate the field strength distribution to accurately assess the insulation pressure of the windings under impulse voltage. Furthermore, its calculation accuracy is easily affected by the input frequency parameters, resulting in insufficient precision. Transformer winding impulse voltage tests, on the other hand, use an impulse voltage generator, design equivalent test electrodes for oil-paper insulation based on typical internal transformer insulation structures, and conduct impulse simulation tests in a small-scale laboratory transformer oil environment to obtain electric field distribution data and verify the withstand strength of the insulation structure. Although this test method can effectively consider the impact of impulse voltage on the insulation structure, it fails to fully incorporate the multi-layered complex structural characteristics of the winding of a real transformer, and does not consider the impact of the winding energy storage and release process on the discharge behavior under actual operating conditions. This results in a certain deviation between the test results and the actual operating scenario, making it difficult to fully reflect the lightning impulse response characteristics of a real transformer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of traditional impulse partial discharge testing techniques in accurately simulating the partial discharge characteristics of insulation under lightning impulses, and in conjunction with the first aspect of this invention, this embodiment provides a method for simulating partial discharge of power transformer windings under lightning impulses, the method comprising:

[0005] A finite element simulation model of the target transformer is established, which includes the windings, core, insulating plates, and transformer oil.

[0006] A lightning impulse voltage waveform is applied to the finite element simulation model to obtain electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, including equivalent capacitance parameters and equivalent inductance parameters.

[0007] Using the electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, an AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage test was conducted to obtain discharge data;

[0008] The parameters of the finite element simulation model are optimized using the discharge data.

[0009] As one possible implementation, establishing the finite element simulation model of the target transformer includes:

[0010] Obtain the actual structural data of the target transformer, including the actual structural and dimensional data of the windings, core, insulating plates, and transformer oil;

[0011] Using 3D modeling software, a finite element simulation model of the target transformer is established on a scale based on the actual structural data of the target transformer.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the insulating material includes a winding bottom pad, an inter-winding shield, interlayer insulation, and / or an insulating cover.

[0013] As one possible implementation, the step of using the electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters to conduct an AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage test to obtain discharge data includes:

[0014] Based on the electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, an experimental platform was built, which includes parallel experimental electrodes and equivalent devices.

[0015] DC voltage, AC voltage, and / or lightning impulse voltage are applied sequentially to the test electrode to obtain the discharge data of the test electrode.

[0016] As one possible implementation, optimizing the parameters of the finite element simulation model using the discharge data includes:

[0017] By comparing the discharge data and the electric field intensity distribution data, a comparative analysis result is obtained.

[0018] Based on the comparison analysis results, the parameters of the finite element simulation model are adjusted.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a simulation device for partial discharge of lightning impulse in power transformer windings, the device comprising a simulation platform and a test platform;

[0020] The simulation platform is used to establish a finite element simulation model of the target transformer. The finite element simulation model includes windings, core, insulating plates, and transformer oil. A lightning impulse voltage waveform is applied to the finite element simulation model to obtain electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, including equivalent capacitance parameters and equivalent inductance parameters.

[0021] The test platform is used to conduct AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage tests using the electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters to obtain discharge data;

[0022] The simulation platform is also used to optimize the parameters of the finite element simulation model using the discharge data.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the test platform includes a test electrode, an equivalent device, a voltage generator, and a measuring device. The equivalent device is connected in parallel with the test electrode, the voltage generator is connected to the test electrode, and the measuring device is connected to the test electrode.

[0024] The voltage generator is used to sequentially apply DC voltage, AC voltage and / or lightning impulse voltage to the test electrode;

[0025] The measuring device is used to acquire the discharge data of the test electrode.

[0026] As one possible implementation, the voltage generator includes a DC high-voltage generator, an AC high-voltage generator, and / or an impulse voltage generator;

[0027] The DC high voltage generator is connected to the test electrode through a protective resistor and an absorption resistor, and is used to apply a DC voltage to the test electrode;

[0028] The AC high voltage generator is connected to the test electrode via a DC blocking capacitor and is used to apply AC voltage to the test electrode;

[0029] The impulse voltage generator is connected to the test electrode via a wavefront resistor and is used to apply a lightning impulse voltage to the test electrode.

[0030] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, comprising:

[0031] One or more processors;

[0032] Storage device, on which one or more programs are stored,

[0033] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to implement the method as described in the first aspect.

[0034] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by one or more processors, implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for simulating partial discharge of power transformer windings due to lightning impulses. First, a finite element simulation model of the target transformer is established, including the windings, core, insulating material, and transformer oil. Then, a lightning impulse voltage waveform is applied to the finite element simulation model to obtain electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, including equivalent capacitance and equivalent inductance parameters. Next, using the electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, an AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage test is conducted to obtain discharge data. Finally, the parameters of the finite element simulation model are optimized using the discharge data. In this way, simulation guides experimental design (field intensity distribution → experimental electrode design), and experiments verify the simulation results, cross-validating the simulation results with the experimental design, thus improving accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is an exemplary system architecture diagram in which an embodiment of the present invention can be applied;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an embodiment of the simulation method for partial discharge of lightning impulse in power transformer windings provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the finite element simulation model provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a detailed diagram of the high-voltage winding end insulation structure of the finite element simulation model provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a detailed diagram of the bottom insulation structure of the high-voltage winding in the finite element simulation model provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a data diagram of the electric field intensity distribution in the oil-paper insulation structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is an electrical wiring diagram of the test platform provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer system 300 suitable for implementing the electronic device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0045] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] Figure 1 An exemplary system architecture 100 is shown, illustrating an embodiment of the power transformer winding lightning impulse partial discharge simulation method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium to which the present invention can be applied.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the system architecture 100 may include a simulation platform 101 and an experimental platform 102. The simulation platform 101 is used to establish a finite element simulation model of the target transformer, which includes windings, core, insulating plates, and transformer oil. A lightning impulse voltage waveform is applied to the finite element simulation model to obtain electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, including equivalent capacitance and equivalent inductance parameters. The experimental platform 102 is used to conduct AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage tests using the electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters to obtain discharge data. The simulation platform 101 is also used to optimize the parameters of the finite element simulation model using the discharge data.

[0048] The test platform 102 includes a test electrode, an equivalent device, a voltage generator, and a measuring device. The equivalent device is connected in parallel with the test electrode, the voltage generator is connected to the test electrode, and the measuring device is connected to the test electrode. The voltage generator is used to sequentially apply DC voltage, AC voltage, and / or lightning impulse voltage to the test electrode; the measuring device is used to acquire discharge data of the test electrode.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the voltage generator includes a DC high-voltage generator, an AC high-voltage generator, and / or an impulse voltage generator; the DC high-voltage generator is connected to the test electrode via a protective resistor and an absorption resistor; the AC high-voltage generator is connected to the test electrode via a DC blocking capacitor; and the impulse voltage generator is connected to the test electrode via a wavefront resistor.

[0050] The DC high voltage generator is used to apply a DC voltage to the test electrode;

[0051] The AC high voltage generator is used to apply AC voltage to the test electrode;

[0052] The impulse voltage generator is used to apply a lightning impulse voltage to the test electrode.

[0053] It should be noted that the implementation details and technical effects of the device provided in the embodiments of the present invention can be referred to the description of the subsequent embodiments of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

[0054] Continue to refer to Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a flowchart 200 of an embodiment of a method for simulating partial discharge of lightning impulses in power transformer windings according to the present invention, which includes the following steps:

[0055] Step S101: Establish the finite element simulation model of the target transformer.

[0056] The target transformer can be any type of transformer, such as a converter transformer or a power transformer, with the specific type determined based on actual needs. When establishing the finite element simulation model, the structural characteristics of the transformer must be fully considered, including the winding arrangement, core structure, and insulation material distribution. First, based on the actual geometric dimensions of the transformer, an accurate three-dimensional geometric model is constructed in the simulation software, defining the shape, size, and positional relationships of each component in detail. For the winding section, the shape and number of turns of the conductors, as well as the thickness and material of the insulation layer, must be accurately simulated; for the core, its lamination structure, permeability, and other characteristics must be considered. Next, corresponding material properties are assigned to each part of the model, such as the conductivity of the conductors, the dielectric constant and loss factor of the insulation material, and the permeability and saturation characteristics of the core. The accurate setting of these material properties is crucial to the reliability of the simulation results.

[0057] Specifically, the actual structural data of the target transformer can be obtained from the complete set of design drawings and dimensional parameters. This actual structural data includes the actual structure and dimensions of the windings, core, insulation plates, and transformer oil. Subsequently, a finite element simulation model can be established on a scale based on the actual structural data of the target transformer using 3D modeling software (such as COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS Maxwell).

[0058] It should be noted that when establishing the finite element simulation model, the number of winding turns, the spacing and number of screen layers, the thickness of the insulation between winding layers, and the winding dimensions must be consistent with those of the real transformer to improve the accuracy of the simulation.

[0059] Furthermore, considering the computational speed of large-scale finite element simulations, the transformer core and winding turns can be appropriately simplified. The modeling should focus on reproducing the four structures that dominate the distribution of the impulse electric field:

[0060] (a) Winding: Each winding disc is simplified into a solid unit with equivalent conductivity, while retaining its spatial position and size.

[0061] (b) Core: The core is simplified as a single magnetically conductive entity, with its surface set as a potential reference ground.

[0062] (c) Insulation boards: Model all insulation boards, such as interlayer insulation paperboard, screen, end insulation cover, bottom pad, etc., according to the dimensions in the drawings, and give them uniform insulation material properties (such as relative permittivity εr=4.2).

[0063] (d) Transformer oil: Fill all remaining voids with transformer oil medium (εr=2.2).

[0064] For example, the overall cross-sectional view of the model is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it includes four specific constituent elements: windings simplified to pancake units, a core simplified to a single unit, insulating sheets of various sizes, refined interlayer insulation of the windings, and transformer oil filling all remaining gaps. Under microsecond-level impulse voltage, these four structures play a major role in the insulation condition and electric field distribution.

[0065] In addition, attention should be paid to the insulation details between the transformer winding ends and layers; the model should be particularly detailed at the high-voltage winding ends (e.g., Figure 4 ) and bottom (such as Figure 5 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The insulation structure (of a localized portion) is analyzed, including electrostatic rings, the number and spacing of shielding layers, etc., to recreate the internal insulation structure of the transformer. For example... Figure 5In the bottom structure simulation model, in addition to four specific elements, the solid pad at the bottom of the winding is specifically considered. In the simulation, the bottom pad of the winding, the inter-winding screen, the interlayer insulation, and the insulation cover can all be regarded as insulation plates of various sizes, made of the same material, with only differences in two-dimensional structure.

[0066] In this way, by establishing a finite element model that retains the four key structures of windings, core, insulation components, and transformer oil at the same scale, the electric field distribution under lightning impulse is accurately calculated and the equivalent parameters of the windings are extracted. These results are then used to guide subsequent experiments. By establishing a finite element model based on the actual structure of a real transformer (windings, core, interlayer insulation, and insulation plates), the shortcomings of traditional multi-conductor transmission line models that overly abstract the windings mathematically are overcome. This allows for relatively accurate calculation of the electric field intensity distribution data of the winding insulation under impulse voltage, reflecting the internal insulation pressure of the transformer under impulse voltage, and improving the accuracy and realism of lightning impulse simulation and testing of transformer windings.

[0067] Step S102: Apply lightning impulse voltage waveform to the finite element simulation model to obtain electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters.

[0068] The electric field intensity distribution data includes the location and value of the maximum field strength. Equivalent parameters include equivalent capacitance and equivalent inductance parameters.

[0069] For example, in Figure 3 The finite element simulation model shown is subjected to a lightning impulse full-wave (1.2 / 50μs) voltage as specified in the IEC standard at its high-voltage terminal. A transient electric field simulation is performed, and the solution is obtained as follows: Figure 6 The electric field intensity distribution data in the oil-paper insulation structure is shown, and the equivalent parameters are extracted using the Maxwell capacitance matrix. Figure 6 The simulation results of the electric field distribution under a certain operating condition show that the areas with greater insulation pressure are the interlayer insulation and end insulation of the high-voltage winding.

[0070] Step S103: Using the electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, perform an AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage test to obtain discharge data.

[0071] Based on the electric field intensity distribution data (especially the location and value of the maximum field strength) and equivalent parameters, a test platform was designed and constructed to conduct AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage tests. The test platform includes test electrodes and an equivalent device, which is connected in parallel with the test electrodes. Optionally, the equivalent device can be a resistive-capacitive voltage divider. The electrical wiring principle of the test platform can be, for example... Figure 7 As shown, it is used to simulate the release process of electromagnetic energy stored in the windings of a real transformer during partial discharge in AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage tests.

[0072] In conducting AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage tests, a DC voltage is first applied to the test electrodes to simulate the operating bias voltage, followed by the superposition of an AC voltage and a lightning impulse voltage. A DC high-voltage generator to generate the DC voltage is connected to the test electrodes through a protective resistor and an absorption resistor; an AC high-voltage generator to generate the AC voltage is connected to the test electrodes through a DC blocking capacitor; and an impulse voltage generator to generate the lightning impulse voltage is connected to the test electrodes through a wavefront resistor. Furthermore, a measuring device can be used to monitor the partial discharge signal of the test electrodes during the voltage application process. This method solves the problem of the lack of AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage input in existing impulse test pressure schemes for oil-paper insulation structures, and proposes a test wiring method for AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage, as well as a test electrode design method that considers the energy-field strength equivalence of transformer windings under impulse voltage.

[0073] Thus, test electrodes are designed based on the field strength distribution, and a dedicated discharge energy equivalent device is designed based on equivalent parameters to simulate the electromagnetic energy release process of a real winding during discharge. An energy equivalent capacitor is designed based on simulation results, and the energy storage and release process of a real transformer winding is accurately simulated in the experiment based on the winding equivalent parameters obtained from the simulation. This solves the problem of distorted discharge characteristics caused by the limited oil volume and lack of energy equivalence in traditional small-scale model tests. Incorporating the equivalent discharge energy inside a large transformer improves the reliability of the experiment.

[0074] Specifically, step S103 may include:

[0075] Step S1031: Based on the electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, build an experimental platform.

[0076] The test platform includes parallel test electrodes and equivalent devices.

[0077] Based on the electric field intensity distribution data, test electrodes were designed. Oil-paper insulated test electrodes with geometrically similar insulation structures to the simulation model were fabricated to ensure that the electric field distribution in key areas matched the simulation results.

[0078] Based on the aforementioned equivalent parameters, an equivalent device is designed. The equivalent device can be, for example... Figure 8 The resistor-capacitor voltage divider shown requires precise capacitance matching so that it can form a discharge circuit with the test electrodes under impulse voltage, simulating the release process of electromagnetic energy stored in the actual winding at the fault point. Figure 8 As shown in the circuit diagram, the design is a resistive-capacitive voltage divider, allowing both AC and DC voltages to be divided through the divider. The resistive-capacitive voltage divider is connected in parallel with the test oil-paper insulated electrodes. Under AC and DC voltage application, the resistive-capacitive voltage divider replaces the non-faulty part of the winding in a real transformer to store energy, simulating the release of electromagnetic energy from the winding during discharge.

[0079] Step S1032: Apply DC voltage, AC voltage and / or lightning impulse voltage to the test electrode in sequence to obtain the discharge data of the test electrode.

[0080] The test platform is designed as a composite system integrating DC, AC, and impulse voltage generators. A pressurization process is proposed: first applying a DC bias voltage, then superimposing the AC and impulse voltages to realistically simulate the actual operating conditions of equipment such as converter transformers. By connecting an energy equivalent device (e.g., a resistive-capacitive voltage divider circuit or a resistive-capacitive voltage divider) in parallel with the test specimen, the energy storage and release effect under the actual transformer operating conditions is introduced into the test, effectively improving the accuracy of the impulse voltage partial discharge test. Simultaneously, a test wiring scheme for superimposed AC and DC impulse voltages is proposed, which can simulate the combined effect of actual transformer operating conditions and impulse voltage input, more comprehensively evaluating the withstand characteristics of oil-paper insulation under complex voltage stress, filling a gap in existing test methods.

[0081] Specifically, the test electrode and the equivalent device are connected in parallel. A DC high-voltage generator is connected to the positive terminal of the test electrode through a protective resistor and an absorption resistor to simulate the release of electromagnetic energy of the winding itself during partial discharge under operating conditions, and to simulate the DC bias voltage during operation. An AC high-voltage generator is connected to the circuit through a DC blocking capacitor to simulate power frequency overvoltage. An impulse voltage generator (which can be based on a Marx circuit) is connected through a wavefront resistor to generate lightning impulse voltage waves.

[0082] Step S104: Optimize the parameters of the finite element simulation model using the discharge data.

[0083] The discharge data measured in step S103, including partial discharge initiation voltage and discharge quantity, are compared and analyzed with the predicted results under the corresponding field strength in step S102 simulation. Based on the comparison results, the parameters of the finite element simulation model or test platform are optimized. If there are significant differences, the results are fed back to step S101 to adjust the material properties or boundary conditions in the finite element model, and the simulation and experiment are repeated until the simulation and experimental results match well, forming a closed-loop verification system that provides highly reliable data support for the optimization of transformer insulation design.

[0084] In summary, the simulation method for partial discharge of power transformer windings due to lightning impulses proposed in this embodiment constructs a complete technical system covering high-fidelity modeling, energy equivalence, and AC / DC superposition tests. This system, through a closed-loop feedback mechanism of "simulation guiding experiment - experiment verifying simulation," achieves accurate evaluation and optimization of the transformer winding insulation's resistance to impulse voltage, providing reliable technical support for the safe and stable operation of large power transformers and converter transformers.

[0085] This method effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional technologies: First, it overcomes the defect in traditional transformer winding impulse voltage simulation calculations where the simulation scheme is completely mathematically modeled, leading to a disconnect between the simulation scheme and the actual structure of the transformer winding and the internal insulation characteristics of different types of transformers (including converter transformers). Second, addressing the problems of small oil volume and lack of equivalent discharge energy schemes in existing transformer oil-paper insulation impulse tests, this method innovatively introduces an energy equivalent capacitor designed based on simulation results of real dimensions into the experimental setup, significantly improving the accuracy and engineering practicality of the test.

[0086] The following is for reference. Figure 8 It shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer system 300 suitable for implementing the electronic device of the present invention. Figure 8 The computer system 300 shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0087] like Figure 8 As shown, the computer system 300 may include a processing device (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.) 301, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 302 or a program loaded from a storage device 308 into a random access memory (RAM) 303. The RAM 303 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the computer system 300. The processing device 301, ROM 302, and RAM 303 are interconnected via a bus 304. An input / output (I / O) interface 305 is also connected to the bus 304.

[0088] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 305: input devices 306 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, etc.; output devices 307 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; storage devices 308 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 309. Communication device 309 allows computer system 300 to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although Figure 5 A computer system 300 with various electronic devices is shown; however, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or possess all of the devices shown. More or fewer devices may be implemented or possessed alternatively.

[0089] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device 309, or installed from a storage device 308, or installed from a ROM 302. When the computer program is executed by the processing device 301, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0090] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium described above in this invention can be a computer-readable signal medium, a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination thereof. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example,—but not limited to—an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this invention, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable signal medium can be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical fibers, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0091] The aforementioned computer-readable medium may be included in the aforementioned electronic device; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the electronic device.

[0092] The aforementioned computer-readable medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the following functions: Figure 2 The methods illustrated in the embodiments and their alternative implementations are methods.

[0093] Computer program code for performing the operations of this invention can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0094] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0095] The units or modules described in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the units or modules do not necessarily limit the specific unit itself.

[0096] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of disclosure in this invention is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-disclosed concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this invention.

Claims

1. A simulation method for partial discharge of lightning impulse in power transformer windings, characterized in that, The method includes: A finite element simulation model of the target transformer is established, which includes the windings, core, insulating plates, and transformer oil. A lightning impulse voltage waveform is applied to the finite element simulation model to obtain electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, including equivalent capacitance parameters and equivalent inductance parameters. Using the electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, an AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage test was conducted to obtain discharge data; The parameters of the finite element simulation model are optimized using the discharge data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The establishment of the finite element simulation model of the target transformer includes: Obtain the actual structural data of the target transformer, including the actual structural and dimensional data of the windings, core, insulating plates, and transformer oil; Using 3D modeling software, a finite element simulation model of the target transformer is established on a scale based on the actual structural data of the target transformer.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating material includes a winding bottom pad, an inter-winding screen, interlayer insulation, and / or an insulating cover.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of using the electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters to conduct an AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage test to obtain discharge data includes: Based on the electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, an experimental platform was built, which includes parallel experimental electrodes and equivalent devices. DC voltage, AC voltage, and / or lightning impulse voltage are applied sequentially to the test electrode to obtain the discharge data of the test electrode.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimization of the parameters of the finite element simulation model using the discharge data includes: By comparing the discharge data and the electric field intensity distribution data, a comparative analysis result is obtained. Based on the comparison analysis results, the parameters of the finite element simulation model are adjusted.

6. A simulation device for partial discharge of lightning impulse in power transformer windings, characterized in that, The device includes a simulation platform and a test platform; The simulation platform is used to establish a finite element simulation model of the target transformer. The finite element simulation model includes windings, core, insulating plates, and transformer oil. A lightning impulse voltage waveform is applied to the finite element simulation model to obtain electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters, including equivalent capacitance parameters and equivalent inductance parameters. The test platform is used to conduct AC / DC superimposed impulse voltage tests using the electric field intensity distribution data and equivalent parameters to obtain discharge data; The simulation platform is also used to optimize the parameters of the finite element simulation model using the discharge data.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The test platform includes a test electrode, an equivalent device, a voltage generator, and a measuring device. The equivalent device is connected in parallel with the test electrode, the voltage generator is connected to the test electrode, and the measuring device is connected to the test electrode. The voltage generator is used to sequentially apply DC voltage, AC voltage and / or lightning impulse voltage to the test electrode; The measuring device is used to acquire the discharge data of the test electrode.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The voltage generator includes a DC high-voltage generator, an AC high-voltage generator, and / or an impulse voltage generator; The DC high voltage generator is connected to the test electrode through a protective resistor and an absorption resistor, and is used to apply a DC voltage to the test electrode; The AC high voltage generator is connected to the test electrode via a DC blocking capacitor and is used to apply AC voltage to the test electrode; The impulse voltage generator is connected to the test electrode via a wavefront resistor and is used to apply a lightning impulse voltage to the test electrode.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; Storage device, on which one or more programs are stored, When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by one or more processors, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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