Magnetic rubber and preparation method thereof, loudspeaker, magnet and equipment

Abstract

The invention provides magnetic rubber and a preparation method thereof, a loudspeaker, a magnet and equipment. The magnetic rubber comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35-99% of magnetic powder, 1-45% of rubber, 0-5% of vulcanizing agent and 0-12% of vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic rubber has the magnetism of a rigid magnet and the flexibility of a rubber material. The magnetic rubber has the advantages of higher magnetic energy product, excellent mechanical property, low density, light weight under the same volume, simple processing mode and low processing cost. The magnetic rubber is not easy to break and break under external force such as collision, reliability is improved, impurity corrosion or oxidation corrosion failure of the magnet can be reduced, and the service life is prolonged. Under the condition that the vulcanizing agent and the vulcanization accelerator are added, the bonding degree of the rubber and the magnetic powder can be adjusted, so that the hardness and the structural stability of the magnetic rubber are controlled. The loudspeaker comprises a magnetic circuit assembly and a vibration assembly, the magnetic rubber is adopted as a magnet, a voice coil is connected to a vibrating diaphragm, and the voice coil is partially located in a magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of magnetic materials and loudspeaker technology, and in particular to a magnetic rubber and its preparation method, a loudspeaker, a magnet, and a device. Background Technology

[0002] An electrodynamic loudspeaker is an electroacoustic transducer consisting of a voice coil, a diaphragm, and a magnet. The energized voice coil vibrates up and down due to the magnetic field of the magnet, driving the diaphragm to move and thus producing sound. The loudspeaker's magnet can be made of neodymium iron boron (NdFeB), which is hard and brittle, complex to manufacture, and expensive. It is also prone to breakage and failure under stress during use, resulting in poor reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a magnetic rubber and its preparation method, a loudspeaker, a magnet, and a device. The magnetic rubber has a large magnetic energy product and high reliability.

[0004] The embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a magnetic rubber comprising the following components by weight percentage: 35%–99% magnetic powder, 1%–45% rubber, 0–5% vulcanizing agent, and 0–12% vulcanization accelerator.

[0006] The magnetic rubber provided in this application combines the magnetism of a rigid magnet with the flexibility of a rubber material. This magnetic rubber has a high magnetic energy product, excellent mechanical properties, low density, and is lightweight for the same volume. It is also simple to process and has low processing costs. This magnetic rubber is not easily broken or fractured under external forces such as impacts, improving reliability. It can reduce the failure of magnets due to impurities or oxidative corrosion, thus extending service life. By adding vulcanizing agents and vulcanization accelerators, the bonding degree between the rubber and magnetic powder can be adjusted to control the hardness and structural stability of the magnetic rubber.

[0007] In one alternative implementation, the magnetic energy product of the magnetic powder is greater than or equal to 70 megagou·oer (MGOe). By combining magnetic powder with a higher magnetic energy product with rubber, a magnetic rubber with a larger magnetic energy product can be obtained. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is greater than or equal to 30 MGOe, which is larger than that of related technical magnetic rubbers. This allows it to be used as a magnet in audio devices such as electrodynamic loudspeakers, which are small enough to be installed in compact devices such as mobile phones and eyeglasses.

[0008] In one alternative implementation, the magnetic powder comprises iron nitride (Fe). 16At least one of N2), iron-cobalt / iron-platinum (FeCo / FePt) multilayer materials. These magnetic powders have high magnetic energy products and strong magnetism. Magnetic rubber is obtained by compositing strongly magnetic powders with rubber. The magnetic energy product of the magnetic rubber is lower than that of the original magnetic powder, but it has a magnetic property close to or stronger than that of sintered NdFeB.

[0009] In one alternative implementation, the rubber includes at least one of nitrile rubber, methyl silicone rubber, dimethyl silicone rubber, polybutadiene rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, and polymethylphenyl vinyl silicone rubber. These rubbers possess good elasticity and processability. By using different rubbers as the matrix, magnetic powder and other additives can be combined to prepare magnetic rubbers with predetermined properties.

[0010] In one alternative implementation, the magnetic powder is Fe. 16 In the case of N2, magnetic powder accounts for 35% to 85% of the total weight of the magnetic rubber, and rubber accounts for 15% to 45% of the total weight of the magnetic rubber. The magnetic rubber obtained using the above components has high magnetic energy and good flexibility, and can be used as a magnet for loudspeakers.

[0011] In one alternative implementation, the magnetic rubber uses Fe... 16 N2 magnetic powder, polybutadiene rubber, vulcanizing agent, and vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic rubber comprises the following components by weight percentage: Fe 16 The composition of this magnetic rubber is 58±20% N2 magnetic powder, 32±10% polybutadiene rubber, 3±2% vulcanizing agent, and 7±5% vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is approximately 52 MGOe.

[0012] In one alternative implementation, the magnetic rubber uses Fe... 16 N2 magnetic powder, nitrile rubber, vulcanizing agent, and vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic rubber comprises the following components by weight percentage: Fe 16 The composition of this magnetic rubber is 62±20% N2 magnetic powder, 28±10% nitrile rubber, 3±2% vulcanizing agent, and 7±5% vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is approximately 52 MGOe.

[0013] In one alternative implementation, the magnetic rubber uses Fe... 16 N2 magnetic powder, polybutadiene rubber, etc. Magnetic rubber comprises the following components by weight percentage: Fe 16 The composition consists of 58±20% N2 magnetic powder, 32±10% polybutadiene rubber, and 1%–10% other additives. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is approximately 52 MGOe. Other additives may include plasticizers, which increase the flexibility and plasticity of the magnetic rubber.

[0014] In one alternative implementation, the magnetic rubber uses Fe... 16N2 magnetic powder, nitrile rubber, etc. Magnetic rubber comprises the following components by weight percentage: Fe 16 The composition of this magnetic rubber is 62±20% N2 magnetic powder, 28±10% nitrile rubber, and 1% to 10% other additives. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is approximately 52 MGOe.

[0015] In one alternative implementation, when the magnetic powder is FeCo / FePt, the magnetic powder accounts for 55% to 99% of the total weight of the magnetic rubber, and the rubber accounts for 1% to 25% of the total weight of the magnetic rubber. The magnetic rubber obtained using the above components has high magnetic energy and good flexibility, and can be used as a magnet for loudspeakers.

[0016] In one alternative implementation, the magnetic rubber comprises FeCo (9 ML) / FePt (5 ML) magnetic powder, polybutadiene rubber, a vulcanizing agent, and a vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic rubber comprises, by weight percentage: 76 ± 20% FeCo (9 ML) / FePt (5 ML) magnetic powder, 11 ± 10% polybutadiene rubber, 3 ± 2% vulcanizing agent, and 7 ± 5% vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is approximately 52 MGOe.

[0017] In one alternative implementation, the magnetic rubber comprises FeCo (9ML) / FePt (7ML) magnetic powder, polybutadiene rubber, a vulcanizing agent, and a vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic rubber, by weight percentage, includes the following components: 80±20% FeCo (9ML) / FePt (7ML) magnetic powder, 6±5% polybutadiene rubber, 3±2% vulcanizing agent, and 7±5% vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is approximately 52 MGOe.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for preparing magnetic rubber, comprising:

[0019] Magnetic powder and rubber are combined to obtain a composite material. The combination method can be mechanical addition, solution (emulsion) addition, or reaction.

[0020] The composite is processed and shaped to obtain a molded part. Processing and shaping can be carried out by methods such as extrusion, compression, and injection molding to produce a molded part of a predetermined shape.

[0021] Magnetizing the molded part yields magnetic rubber. Magnetization is achieved by applying an external magnetic field, which causes the magnetic moments in the magnet to align in an orderly manner, allowing the magnetic rubber to retain its magnetism for a longer period.

[0022] The method for preparing magnetic rubber provided in this application embodiment can uniformly distribute magnetic powder in rubber, and after processing, molding and magnetization, magnetic rubber with good magnetic and physical properties can be obtained.

[0023] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a loudspeaker, including a magnetic circuit assembly and a vibration assembly. The magnetic circuit assembly includes a magnet, which comprises the aforementioned magnetic rubber, and the magnetic circuit assembly has a magnetic gap. The vibration assembly includes a voice coil and a diaphragm, the voice coil being connected to the diaphragm, and the voice coil being at least partially located within the magnetic gap.

[0024] The loudspeaker provided in this application uses the aforementioned magnetic rubber as its magnet. This magnetic rubber has a large magnetic energy product, excellent mechanical properties, low density, and is lightweight for the same volume. It is also simple to process and has low processing costs. This magnetic rubber can be used as the magnet in an electrodynamic loudspeaker, allowing the loudspeaker to be installed in small devices such as mobile phones and glasses. The magnetic rubber is not easily broken or fractured under external forces such as impacts, improving reliability. It also reduces the risk of magnet failure due to impurities or oxidation, extending its service life. When the loudspeaker is working, an alternating current is input to the voice coil. The voice coil vibrates up and down due to the magnetic field induction force of the magnet. The voice coil drives the diaphragm to move, and the diaphragm pushes the air to produce sound, completing the electro-mechanical-sound conversion.

[0025] In one alternative implementation, the magnet further includes a magnetic core, with magnetic rubber wrapped around the core. The magnetic core can be made of a strongly magnetic material such as neodymium iron boron. The magnetic core serves as the inner layer, and the magnetic rubber as the outer layer, forming a combined magnet. The magnetic rubber possesses elasticity and flexibility, acting as a buffer in the event of mechanical collisions between the magnet and surrounding components. The magnetic rubber also reduces oxidation and corrosion of the magnetic core, improving reliability. In this embodiment, the magnet uses strongly magnetic rubber with a low density, reducing the weight of components such as speakers.

[0026] In one alternative implementation, the magnet, comprising a magnetic core and magnetic rubber, can be injection molded using insert molding. The magnetic core is placed in an injection mold, and magnetic rubber material is injected to encapsulate the magnetic core, resulting in a composite magnet.

[0027] In one alternative implementation, when a ring-shaped magnet is needed, magnetic rubber is wrapped around a ring-shaped magnet core to obtain a ring-shaped magnet. Alternatively, when a cylindrical magnet is needed, magnetic rubber is wrapped around a cylindrical magnet core to obtain a cylindrical magnet core. Alternatively, when a plate-shaped magnet is needed, magnetic rubber is wrapped around a plate-shaped magnet core to obtain a plate-shaped magnet core.

[0028] In one alternative implementation, the magnet is ring-shaped, and the magnetic circuit assembly includes a magnetic base and a magnetic ring. The magnetic base includes a plate-shaped portion and a columnar portion, with the columnar portion connected to the middle of the plate-shaped portion. The magnet is mounted on the plate-shaped portion and sleeved outside the columnar portion. The magnetic ring is located on the side of the magnet away from the plate-shaped portion, and the inner circumferential surface of the magnetic ring and the outer circumferential surface of the columnar portion form a magnetic gap. The above magnetic circuit assembly is an external magnet structure. This loudspeaker can be used in a speaker enclosure. The magnetic lines of force of the magnetic rubber pass through the plate-shaped portion and columnar portion of the magnetic base, the magnetic gap, and the magnetic ring. The voice coil located in the magnetic gap is energized and moves under the influence of the magnetic field of the magnetic gap, thereby driving the diaphragm to move to produce sound.

[0029] In one alternative implementation, the magnet is made of magnetic rubber and has no magnetic core.

[0030] In one alternative implementation, the magnet comprises a magnetic core as an inner layer and a magnetic rubber as an outer layer.

[0031] In one alternative implementation, the edges of the diaphragm can be fixed to the magnetic circuit assembly or bracket by means of a pad, while the central region of the diaphragm can move freely.

[0032] In one alternative implementation, the magnetic circuit assembly can be mounted on a bracket having a rear cavity. The magnetic guide seat has a through hole, and the rear cavity is connected to the through hole. By providing a rear cavity, short-circuiting of sound within the speaker can be avoided, allowing for smooth sound propagation.

[0033] In one alternative implementation, there are multiple magnets, including a cylindrical magnet, a first ring magnet, and a second ring magnet. The first ring magnet is fitted over the cylindrical magnet, forming a first magnetic gap between them. The second ring magnet is fitted over the first ring magnet, forming a second magnetic gap between them. The voice coil includes a first coil and a second coil, with the second coil fitted over the first coil. The first coil is at least partially located within the first magnetic gap, and the second coil is at least partially located within the second magnetic gap. The first and second coils can be connected to the same side of the diaphragm, forming a multi-layered magnetic rubber structure. Multiple voice coils are connected to the same diaphragm within a limited space. The energized voice coils move under the magnetic field of the magnetic rubber, driving the diaphragm to move and generate sound. The multiple coils in the speaker's voice coil move together in the magnetic field, resulting in high efficiency and a greater thrust on the diaphragm, thus improving speaker performance. The magnetic rubber can be made thinner, improving the speaker's space utilization.

[0034] In one alternative implementation, the magnet includes a plate magnet and a ring magnet. The magnetic circuit assembly includes a magnetic base, a magnetic plate, and a magnetic ring. Both the ring magnet and the plate magnet are mounted on the magnetic base, with the ring magnet sleeved outside the plate magnet, and the ring magnet and the plate magnet are spaced apart. The magnetic plate is located on the side of the plate magnet facing away from the magnetic base, and the magnetic ring is mounted on the side of the ring magnet facing away from the magnetic base, with the magnetic plate and the magnetic ring forming a magnetic gap. The above magnetic circuit assembly is an internal and external magnetic structure. This speaker is small in size and can be used in devices such as mobile phones and glasses. The small size of this speaker requires a magnet with high magnetic strength to provide a certain magnetic field induction force. The magnetic powder of the magnetic rubber can be made of iron nitride, iron-cobalt / iron-platinum alloy, etc. The magnetic circuit assembly can be mounted on a bracket.

[0035] In one alternative implementation, the plate magnet is made of magnetic rubber and has no magnetic core.

[0036] In one alternative implementation, the magnet comprises a magnetic core as an inner layer and a magnetic rubber as an outer layer.

[0037] In one alternative implementation, the magnet includes a plate-shaped magnet and a ring-shaped magnet. The magnetic circuit assembly includes a magnetic base, a magnetic plate, and a magnetic ring. The ring-shaped magnet is circular, the voice coil is circular, and the diaphragm is circular. The magnetic rubber has a flexible shape design and can be made into a ring-shaped magnet. The circular voice coil is coaxially mounted on the circular diaphragm. The ring-shaped magnet and the voice coil work together to drive the voice coil and diaphragm to vibrate, thereby producing sound.

[0038] In one alternative implementation, the magnet includes a plate magnet and a ring magnet. The magnetic circuit assembly includes a magnetic base, a magnetic plate, and a magnetic ring. The ring magnet is a rounded rectangle, the voice coil is a rounded rectangle, and the diaphragm is a rounded rectangle. The rounded rectangle voice coil is coaxially mounted on the rounded rectangle diaphragm. The rounded rectangle ring magnet and the voice coil work together to drive the voice coil and diaphragm to vibrate, thereby producing sound. The magnetic rubber has a flexible shape design and can be made into a rounded rectangle ring magnet, making full use of limited space, increasing the magnetic induction intensity / magnetic flux density of the voice coil, and improving the performance of the loudspeaker.

[0039] Fourthly, this application provides a magnet comprising a magnet core and the aforementioned magnetic rubber, with the magnetic rubber encasing the magnet core. The magnet core serves as the inner layer, and the magnetic rubber as the outer layer, forming a combined magnet. The magnetic rubber possesses a certain degree of elasticity and flexibility, acting as a buffer in the event of mechanical collisions between the magnet and surrounding components. The magnetic rubber can reduce oxidation and corrosion of the magnet core, improving reliability. In this embodiment, the magnet uses a strong magnetic rubber with a low density, which can reduce the weight of components such as speakers.

[0040] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a device including the aforementioned speaker or the aforementioned magnet.

[0041] In one alternative implementation, the device is a mobile phone, which includes a casing and a speaker. The speaker is located in the casing and can output sound. The speaker uses the aforementioned magnet, which is made of the aforementioned magnetic rubber. The magnetic rubber has a large magnetic energy product, resulting in a small speaker size that can be installed in a mobile phone with limited space.

[0042] In one alternative implementation, the device is a motor, and the magnet is made of the aforementioned magnetic rubber. The magnet can serve as the magnet for the motor rotor, and its small weight reduces the overall weight of the motor. The magnetic rubber's uniformity and flexibility contribute to greater motor stability during operation, reducing vibration and noise. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a calculation diagram of the magnetic energy product of magnetic rubbers using different magnetic powders in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the preparation method of magnetic rubber provided in this application embodiment;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 4 (a) and (b) in the figure are a perspective view and a partial cross-sectional view of the magnet provided in the embodiment of this application, respectively;

[0047] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a loudspeaker provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 6 (a) and (b) are, respectively, a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a magnet provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 7 (a) and (b) are respectively a top view and a perspective assembly view of a speaker provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a loudspeaker provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a loudspeaker provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 10 (a) and (b) are respectively the front view and the cross-sectional view along line AA of a loudspeaker provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 11 (a) and (b) in the figure are respectively a simulation diagram of the magnetic flux density of the loudspeaker and a distribution diagram of the magnetic flux density of the voice coil in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 12 In the diagram, (a) and (b) are the front view and sectional view along line BB of the loudspeaker, respectively, in the comparative example.

[0055] Figure 13 In the diagram, (a) and (b) are simulation diagrams of magnetic flux density of the loudspeaker and magnetic flux density distribution of the voice coil, respectively.

[0056] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0057] 100-Speaker; 110-Magnetic circuit assembly; 110a-Magnetic gap / first magnetic gap; 110b-Second magnetic gap; 111-Magnet; 1111-Magnetic rubber; 1112-Magnetic core; 111a-Columnar magnet; 111b-First annular magnet; 111c-Second annular magnet; 111d-Plate magnet; 111e-Annular magnet; 112-Magnetic guide base; 1121-Plate portion; 1122-Columnar portion; 1123-Through hole; 113-Magnetic guide ring; 114-Magnetic guide plate;

[0058] 120 - Vibrating assembly; 121 - Voice coil; 121a - First coil; 121b - Second coil; 122 - Diaphragm;

[0059] 130 - Bracket; 131 - Pad; 132 - Rear cavity;

[0060] 100' - Loudspeaker; 110' - Magnetic circuit assembly; 110a' - Magnetic gap; 111d' - Plate magnet; 111' - Bar magnet; 112' - Magnetic base; 113' - Magnetic ring; 114' - Magnetic plate; '121' - Voice coil. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. Although the description of this application will be presented in conjunction with some embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this application are limited to this implementation. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the application in conjunction with embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may arise based on the claims of this application. To provide a thorough understanding of this application, many specific details will be included in the following description. This application may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this application, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0062] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0063] It should be understood that, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0064] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0065] In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0066] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0067] The main types of magnets used in loudspeakers include AlNiCo, ferrite, Samarium Cobalt, and Neodymium Iron Boron. AlNiCo magnets have relatively low power, a narrow frequency range, are hard and brittle, and are difficult to process. Ferrites are inexpensive but bulky, hindering miniaturization design; they also have low power and a narrow frequency range. Samarium Cobalt magnets exhibit excellent performance at high temperatures, are corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistant, but are hard and brittle with a low ignition point, and are difficult to process.

[0068] Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets offer superior magnetic properties compared to AlNiCo and ferrite magnets, while also being smaller, more powerful, and operating over a wider frequency range. However, NdFeB magnets are brittle and require complex and costly manufacturing processes. They are also prone to breakage and oxidation during use, resulting in poor reliability. NdFeB magnets can be manufactured using traditional powder metallurgy processes, which involve shaping and sintering metal powders. However, these processes produce NdFeB magnets with high density, increasing the weight of loudspeakers and hindering miniaturization and weight reduction.

[0069] Magnetic energy product is an important parameter for measuring the amount of energy stored in a magnet. It can be calculated by multiplying the magnetic flux density B and the magnetic field strength H at any point on the demagnetization curve (part of the hysteresis loop). The unit of magnetic energy product is megagou-oar (MGOe) or kilojoules per meter. 3 (kJ / m 3 ), 1 MGOe ≈ 8 kJ / m 3 The larger the magnetic energy product of a magnet, the better its overall performance, and the stronger the magnetic field it can provide. When applied to loudspeakers, this can improve the efficiency and performance of the loudspeakers.

[0070] This application provides a magnetic rubber comprising the following components by weight percentage: 35%–99% magnetic powder, 1%–45% rubber, 0–5% vulcanizing agent, and 0–12% vulcanization accelerator.

[0071] When preparing magnetic rubber, the types of magnetic powder and rubber can be selected according to the application scenario of the magnetic rubber (such as loudspeakers), and the ratio of different components can be determined. By combining different raw materials, magnetic rubbers with different magnetic properties can be obtained.

[0072] In the preparation of magnetic rubber, vulcanizing agents and vulcanization accelerators can be added to the magnetic powder and rubber. The degree of bonding between the rubber and the magnetic powder can be adjusted through the vulcanization process to control the hardness and structural stability of the magnetic rubber. Alternatively, vulcanizing agents and vulcanization accelerators can be omitted, and the vulcanization process can be skipped; that is, the weight percentage of vulcanizing agents and vulcanization accelerators in the magnetic rubber is 0.

[0073] The magnetic rubber provided in this application combines the magnetism of a rigid magnet with the flexibility of a rubber material. This magnetic rubber has a high magnetic energy product, excellent mechanical properties, low density, and is lightweight for the same volume. It is also simple to process and has low processing costs. This magnetic rubber is not easily broken or fractured under external forces such as impacts, improving reliability. It can reduce the failure of magnets due to impurities or oxidative corrosion, thus extending service life. By adding vulcanizing agents and vulcanization accelerators, the bonding degree between the rubber and magnetic powder can be adjusted to control the hardness and structural stability of the magnetic rubber.

[0074] In some embodiments, the magnetic energy product of the magnetic powder is greater than or equal to 70 MGOe. Using magnetic powder with a higher magnetic energy product to composite with rubber can yield a magnetic rubber with a larger magnetic energy product. In this embodiment, the magnetic energy product of the magnetic rubber is greater than or equal to 30 MGOe, which is larger than that of related art magnetic rubbers. This allows it to be used as a magnet in audio devices such as electrodynamic loudspeakers. The loudspeaker is small and can be installed in devices with limited space, such as mobile phones and glasses. The magnetic energy product can be determined by plotting a hysteresis loop using a hysteresis loop measuring instrument.

[0075] The magnetic properties of related magnetic rubbers are relatively weak, making them unsuitable for use in audio devices such as loudspeakers. The magnetic energy product of FeCo alloy magnetic rubber is approximately 1.5 MGOe, that of BaFe alloy magnetic rubber is approximately 1.5 MGOe, that of SrFe alloy magnetic rubber is 0.6–1.5 MGOe, and that of NdFeB alloy magnetic rubber is approximately 4.5–8.5 MGOe. The magnetic energy products of these magnetic rubbers are significantly smaller than those of current NdFeB sintered magnets (28–52 MGOe).

[0076] In some embodiments, the magnetic powder includes iron nitride (Fe). 16 At least one of N2), iron-cobalt / iron-platinum (FeCo / FePt) multilayer materials. These magnetic powders have high magnetic energy product and high magnetism.

[0077] Fe 16 The magnetic energy product of N2 is approximately 135 MGOe. FeCo(9ML) / FePt(5ML) is a multilayer structure composed of 9 FeCo monolayers (ML) and 5 FePt monolayers, with a magnetic energy product of approximately 82 MGOe. FeCo(9ML) / FePt(7ML) is a multilayer structure composed of 9 FeCo monolayers and 7 FePt monolayers, with a magnetic energy product of approximately 76 MGOe.

[0078] Magnetic rubber is obtained by combining strong magnetic powder and rubber. The magnetic energy product of the magnetic rubber is lower than that of the original magnetic powder, but it has a magnetic property that is close to or stronger than that of sintered NdFeB.

[0079] In some embodiments, the rubber includes at least one selected from nitrile rubber, methyl silicone rubber, dimethyl silicone rubber, polybutadiene rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, and polymethylphenyl vinyl silicone rubber. These rubbers possess good elasticity and processability. By using different rubbers as the matrix, magnetic powder and other additives can be combined to prepare magnetic rubbers with predetermined properties.

[0080] Figure 1 The graph shows the calculated magnetic energy product of magnetic rubbers using different magnetic powders. The horizontal axis represents the weight percentage of magnetic powder in the magnetic rubber, and the vertical axis represents the magnetic energy product of the magnetic rubber. The three magnetic powders are Fe... 16 N2, FeCo(9ML) / FePt(5ML), FeCo(9ML) / FePt(7ML).

[0081] As can be seen from the figure, with the same amount of magnetic powder, the greater the weight percentage of magnetic powder in the magnetic rubber, the greater the magnetic energy product of the magnetic rubber.

[0082] It can also be seen that, with the same weight percentage of magnetic powder in magnetic rubber, using Fe... 16 The magnetic rubber with N2 magnetic powder has the largest magnetic energy product, while the magnetic rubber with FeCo (9ML) / FePt (7ML) magnetic powder has the smallest magnetic energy product. The magnetic rubber with FeCo (9ML) / FePt (5ML) magnetic powder has a magnetic energy product that is between the magnetic energy products of the first two types of magnetic rubber.

[0083] In some embodiments, when the magnetic powder is Fe 16 In the case of N2, magnetic powder accounts for 35% to 85% of the total weight of the magnetic rubber, and rubber accounts for 15% to 45% of the total weight of the magnetic rubber. The magnetic rubber obtained using the above components has high magnetic energy and good flexibility, and can be used as a magnet for loudspeakers.

[0084] For example, magnetic rubber uses Fe 16 N2 magnetic powder, polybutadiene rubber, vulcanizing agent, and vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic rubber comprises the following components by weight percentage: Fe 16 The composition of this magnetic rubber is 58±20% N2 magnetic powder, 32±10% polybutadiene rubber, 3±2% vulcanizing agent, and 7±5% vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is approximately 52 MGOe.

[0085] For example, magnetic rubber uses Fe 16 N2 magnetic powder, nitrile rubber, vulcanizing agent, and vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic rubber comprises the following components by weight percentage: Fe 16 The composition of this magnetic rubber is 62±20% N2 magnetic powder, 28±10% nitrile rubber, 3±2% vulcanizing agent, and 7±5% vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is approximately 52 MGOe.

[0086] For example, magnetic rubber uses Fe 16 N2 magnetic powder, polybutadiene rubber, etc. Magnetic rubber comprises the following components by weight percentage: Fe 16 The composition consists of 58±20% N2 magnetic powder, 32±10% polybutadiene rubber, and 1%–10% other additives. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is approximately 52 MGOe. Other additives may include plasticizers, which increase the flexibility and plasticity of the magnetic rubber.

[0087] For example, magnetic rubber uses Fe 16 N2 magnetic powder, nitrile rubber, etc. Magnetic rubber comprises the following components by weight percentage: Fe 16 The composition of this magnetic rubber is 62±20% N2 magnetic powder, 28±10% nitrile rubber, and 1% to 10% other additives. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is approximately 52 MGOe.

[0088] In some embodiments, when the magnetic powder is FeCo / FePt, the magnetic powder accounts for 55% to 99% of the total weight of the magnetic rubber, and the rubber accounts for 1% to 25% of the total weight of the magnetic rubber. The magnetic rubber obtained using the above components has high magnetic energy and good flexibility, and can be used as a magnet for loudspeakers.

[0089] For example, the magnetic rubber uses FeCo (9ML) / FePt (5ML) magnetic powder, polybutadiene rubber, a vulcanizing agent, and a vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic rubber comprises the following components by weight percentage: 76±20% FeCo (9ML) / FePt (5ML) magnetic powder, 11±10% polybutadiene rubber, 3±2% vulcanizing agent, and 7±5% vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is approximately 52 MGOe.

[0090] For example, the magnetic rubber uses FeCo (9ML) / FePt (7ML) magnetic powder, polybutadiene rubber, a vulcanizing agent, and a vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic rubber comprises the following components by weight percentage: 80±20% FeCo (9ML) / FePt (7ML) magnetic powder, 6±5% polybutadiene rubber, 3±2% vulcanizing agent, and 7±5% vulcanization accelerator. The magnetic energy product of this magnetic rubber is approximately 52 MGOe.

[0091] See Figure 2 This application provides a method for preparing magnetic rubber, comprising:

[0092] Step S10: Combine the magnetic powder and rubber to obtain a composite material. The composite method can be mechanical addition, solution (emulsion) addition, or reaction.

[0093] Step S20: Process the composite to obtain a molded part. Processing can be done by extrusion, compression molding, injection molding, etc., to produce a molded part of a predetermined shape. An extruder can produce a continuous shape from the composite through an extrusion head. A molding machine can compress the composite into the desired shape, such as a plate, sheet, or ring. An injection molding machine can inject the composite into the desired shape, such as a plate, sheet, or ring.

[0094] Step S30: Magnetize the molded part to obtain magnetic rubber. Magnetization is achieved by applying an external magnetic field, which causes the magnetic moments in the magnet to align in an orderly manner, allowing the magnetic rubber to maintain its magnetism for a longer period of time.

[0095] The method for preparing magnetic rubber provided in this application embodiment can uniformly distribute magnetic powder in rubber, and after processing, molding and magnetization, magnetic rubber with good magnetic and physical properties can be obtained.

[0096] See Figure 3 This application provides a loudspeaker 100, including a magnetic circuit assembly 110 and a vibration assembly 120. The magnetic circuit assembly 110 includes a magnet 111, which includes the aforementioned magnetic rubber 1111, and the magnetic circuit assembly 110 has a magnetic gap 110a. The vibration assembly 120 includes a voice coil 121 and a diaphragm 122, the voice coil 121 being connected to the diaphragm 122, and the voice coil 121 being at least partially located in the magnetic gap 110a.

[0097] The speaker 100 provided in this embodiment uses the aforementioned magnetic rubber 1111 as the magnet 111. This magnetic rubber 1111 has a large magnetic energy product, excellent mechanical properties, low density, and is lightweight for the same volume. It is also simple to process and has low processing costs. This magnetic rubber 1111 can be used as the magnet 111 in an electrodynamic speaker 100, which is small in size and can be installed in devices with limited space, such as mobile phones and glasses. The magnetic rubber 1111 is not easily broken or fractured under external forces such as impacts, improving reliability. It also reduces the risk of impurity corrosion or oxidation corrosion failure of the magnet 111, extending its service life. When the speaker 100 is working, an alternating current is input to the voice coil 121. The voice coil 121 vibrates up and down due to the magnetic field induction force of the magnet 111. The voice coil 121 drives the diaphragm 122 to move, and the diaphragm 122 pushes air to produce sound, completing the electro-mechanical-sound conversion.

[0098] In some embodiments, see Figure 4In (a) and (b) of the diagram, magnet 111 also includes a magnet core 1112, with magnetic rubber 1111 wrapped around it. The magnet core 1112 can be made of a strongly magnetic material such as neodymium iron boron. The magnet core 1112 serves as the inner layer, and the magnetic rubber 1111 serves as the outer layer, forming a combined magnet. The magnetic rubber 1111 possesses a certain degree of elasticity and flexibility, acting as a buffer in the event of mechanical collisions between magnet 111 and surrounding components. The magnetic rubber 1111 also reduces oxidation and corrosion of the magnet core 1112, improving its reliability.

[0099] Compared to traditional magnets of the same size, combined with Figure 5 In this embodiment, the magnet 111 is made of magnetic rubber 1111 with strong magnetism and low density, which can reduce the weight of components such as the speaker 100. Both the magnet core 1112 and the magnetic rubber 1111 provide a magnetic field. When the voice coil 121 in the magnetic gap 110a is energized, it is induced by the magnetic field and vibrates up and down. The voice coil 121 drives the diaphragm 122 to move, and the diaphragm 122 pushes the air to produce sound.

[0100] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 In (a) and (b), the magnet 111, which has a magnetic core 1112 and magnetic rubber 1111, can be injection molded as an insert. By placing the magnetic core 1112 in the injection mold and injecting the magnetic rubber 1111 material, the magnetic rubber 1111 can wrap around the magnetic core 1112, thus obtaining a composite magnet.

[0101] The shape of the magnet core 1112 is set according to the shape of the magnet 111 of the speaker 100. For example, as Figure 4 As shown in (a) and (b), when a ring magnet 111 is needed, magnetic rubber 1111 is wrapped around the ring magnet core 1112 to obtain the ring magnet 111. Or, as... Figure 6 As shown in (a) and (b), when a cylindrical magnet 111 is needed, magnetic rubber 1111 is wrapped around the cylindrical magnet core 1112 to obtain the cylindrical magnet core 1112. Alternatively, when a plate-shaped magnet 111 is needed, magnetic rubber 1111 is wrapped around the plate-shaped magnet core 1112 to obtain the plate-shaped magnet core 1112.

[0102] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 , Figure 5The magnet 111 is ring-shaped, and the magnetic circuit assembly 110 includes a magnetic base 112 and a magnetic ring 113. The magnetic base 112 includes a plate-shaped portion 1121 and a columnar portion 1122, with the columnar portion 1122 connected to the middle of the plate-shaped portion 1121. The magnet 111 is mounted on the plate-shaped portion 1121 and sleeved on the outside of the columnar portion 1122. The magnetic ring 113 is located on the side of the magnet 111 away from the plate-shaped portion 1121, and the inner circumferential surface of the magnetic ring 113 and the outer circumferential surface of the columnar portion 1122 are spaced apart to form a magnetic gap 110a.

[0103] The aforementioned magnetic circuit assembly 110 has an external magnetic structure, meaning the magnet 111 is located outside the voice coil 121. This loudspeaker 100 can be used in a speaker enclosure. The magnetic lines of force of the magnetic rubber 1111 pass through the plate-shaped portion 1121 and columnar portion 1122 of the magnetic base 112, the magnetic gap 110a, and the magnetic ring 113. The voice coil 121, located in the magnetic gap 110a, is energized and moves under the influence of the magnetic field of the magnetic gap 110a, thereby driving the diaphragm 122 to move and generate sound.

[0104] The annular magnet 111 is axially magnetized, and some of the magnetic lines of force within the magnet 111 can extend parallel to the axial direction A0 of the magnet 111. Magnetic lines of force emanate from the bottom end of the magnet 111, extend upward along the columnar portion 1122 via the plate-shaped portion 1121 of the magnetic base 112, pass through the magnetic gap 110a, enter the magnetic ring 113, and then return to the top end of the magnet 111. The voice coil 121 extends into the magnetic gap 110a, and the energized voice coil 121 moves up and down under the influence of the magnetic field of the magnetic gap 110a.

[0105] For example, see Figure 3 The magnet 111 is made of magnetic rubber 1111, without a magnetic core. The magnetic rubber 1111 can use strongly magnetic materials such as iron nitride or iron-cobalt / iron-platinum alloys as magnetic powder.

[0106] For example, see Figure 5 The magnet 111 comprises a magnet core 1112 as the inner layer and a magnetic rubber 1111 as the outer layer. The magnet core 1112 can be a strong magnet such as neodymium iron boron. Based on the magnetic field strength requirements of the magnet 111, the magnetic powder of the magnetic rubber 1111 is selected; the magnetic powder can be iron nitride, iron-cobalt / iron-platinum alloy, neodymium iron boron magnetic powder, etc.

[0107] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The edge of the diaphragm 122 can be mounted on the magnetic circuit assembly 110 or the bracket via the pad 131, so that the edge of the diaphragm 122 is fixed, while the central region of the diaphragm 122 can move freely.

[0108] In some embodiments, see Figure 3The magnetic circuit assembly 110 can be mounted on a bracket, which has a rear cavity 132. The magnetic guide seat 112 has a through hole 1123, and the rear cavity 132 is connected to the through hole 1123. By setting the rear cavity 132, short circuits of sound inside the speaker 100 can be avoided, thus enabling smooth sound propagation.

[0109] In some embodiments, see Figure 7 In (a) and (b), there are multiple magnets 111, including a cylindrical magnet 111a, a first annular magnet 111b, and a second annular magnet 111c; the first annular magnet 111b is sleeved outside the cylindrical magnet 111a, and a first magnetic gap 110a is formed between the first annular magnet 111b and the cylindrical magnet 111a; the second annular magnet 111c is sleeved outside the first annular magnet 111b, and a second magnetic gap 110b is formed between the first annular magnet 111b and the second annular magnet 111c; the voice coil 121 includes a first coil 121a and a second coil 121b, the second coil 121b is sleeved outside the first coil 121a, the first coil 121a is at least partially located in the first magnetic gap 110a, and the second coil 121b is at least partially located in the second magnetic gap 110b. The first coil 121a and the second coil 121b can be connected to the same side of the diaphragm (not shown).

[0110] A columnar magnet 111a, a first annular magnet 111b, and a second annular magnet 111c are nested sequentially to form a multi-layered magnetic rubber structure. The number of annular magnets 111 and coils can be adjusted as needed. Adjacent magnetic rubbers 1111 have opposite magnetic poles. Multiple voice coils 121 are connected to the same diaphragm within a limited space. The energized voice coils 121 move under the magnetic field of the magnetic rubbers 1111, and the voice coils 121 drive the diaphragm 122 to move, thus producing sound. Compared to a speaker with a single voice coil, in this embodiment, multiple coils in the voice coil 121 of the speaker 100 move together in the magnetic field, resulting in higher motion efficiency and greater thrust on the diaphragm, thus improving the performance of the speaker 100. Compared to speakers using traditional magnets, this embodiment uses multi-layered magnetic rubber 1111, allowing the magnetic rubber 1111 to be made thinner and improving the space utilization of the speaker 100.

[0111] In some embodiments, see Figure 8The magnet 111 includes a plate-shaped magnet 111d and a ring-shaped magnet 111e. The magnetic circuit assembly 110 includes a magnetic base 112, a magnetic plate 114, and a magnetic ring 113. Both the ring-shaped magnet 111e and the plate-shaped magnet 111d are mounted on the magnetic base 112, with the ring-shaped magnet 111e sleeved over the plate-shaped magnet 111d. The ring-shaped magnet 111e and the plate-shaped magnet 111d are spaced apart. The magnetic plate 114 is located on the side of the plate-shaped magnet 111d facing away from the magnetic base 112, and the magnetic ring 113 is mounted on the side of the ring-shaped magnet 111e facing away from the magnetic base 112. The magnetic plate 114 and the magnetic ring 113 form a magnetic gap 110a.

[0112] The aforementioned magnetic circuit assembly 110 has an internal and external magnetic structure, meaning that magnets 111 are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the voice coil 121. This speaker 100 is small in size and can be used in devices such as mobile phones and glasses. The magnetic lines of force of the plate-shaped magnet 111d pass through the magnetic guide plate 114, magnetic gap 110a, magnetic ring 113, annular magnet 111e, and magnetic base 112. The voice coil 121 located in the magnetic gap 110a moves under the influence of the magnetic field of the magnetic gap 110a when energized, thereby driving the diaphragm 122 to move and produce sound. The small size of this speaker 100 requires a magnet 111 with high magnetic strength to provide a certain magnetic field induction force. The magnetic powder of the magnetic rubber 1111 can be made of iron nitride, iron-cobalt / iron-platinum alloy, etc. The magnetic circuit assembly 110 can be mounted on the bracket 130.

[0113] For example, see Figure 8 The plate-shaped magnet 111d is made of magnetic rubber 1111 and has no magnetic core. The magnetic rubber 1111 can use strong magnetic materials such as iron nitride or iron-cobalt / iron-platinum alloy as magnetic powder.

[0114] For example, see Figure 9 The magnet 111 comprises a magnet core 1112 as the inner layer and a magnetic rubber 1111 as the outer layer. The magnet core 1112 can be a strong magnet such as neodymium iron boron. Based on the magnetic field strength requirements of the magnet 111, the magnetic powder of the magnetic rubber 1111 is selected; the magnetic powder can be iron nitride, iron-cobalt / iron-platinum alloy, neodymium iron boron magnetic powder, etc.

[0115] In some embodiments, see Figure 8The magnet 111 includes a plate-shaped magnet 111d and a ring-shaped magnet 111e. The magnetic circuit assembly 110 includes a magnetic base 112, a magnetic plate 114, and a magnetic ring 113. The ring-shaped magnet 111e is circular, the voice coil 121 is circular, and the diaphragm 122 is circular. That is, on the plane perpendicular to the axis A1 of the voice coil 121, the projection of the ring-shaped magnet 111e is circular, the projection of the voice coil 121 is circular, and the projection of the diaphragm 122 is circular. The magnetic rubber 1111 has a flexible shape design and can be made into a ring-shaped magnet 111e. The circular voice coil 121 is coaxially mounted on the circular diaphragm 122. The circular magnet 111e and the voice coil 121 cooperate to drive the voice coil 121 and the diaphragm 122 to vibrate, thereby producing sound.

[0116] In some embodiments, see Figure 10 In (a) and (b), magnet 111 includes a plate magnet 111d and a ring magnet 111e. Magnetic circuit assembly 110 includes a magnetic base 112, a magnetic plate 114, and a magnetic ring 113. The ring magnet 111e is a rounded rectangle, the voice coil 121 is a rounded rectangle, and the diaphragm 122 is a rounded rectangle. That is, on the plane perpendicular to the axis A1 of the voice coil 121, the projection of the ring magnet 111e is a rounded rectangle, the projection of the voice coil 121 is a rounded rectangle, and the projection of the diaphragm 122 is a rounded rectangle. The rounded rectangle voice coil 121 is coaxially mounted on the rounded rectangle diaphragm 122. The rounded rectangle ring magnet 111e and the voice coil 121 cooperate to drive the voice coil 121 and the diaphragm 122 to vibrate, thereby producing sound. The magnetic rubber 1111 has a flexible shape design and can be made into a rounded rectangular ring magnet 111e, making full use of limited space to increase the magnetic induction intensity / magnetic flux density of the voice coil 121, thereby improving the performance of the speaker 100.

[0117] For example, see Figure 10 In (a) and (b) of this embodiment, in the loudspeaker 100, the magnet 111 includes a plate magnet 111d and a ring magnet 111e, and the magnetic circuit assembly 110 includes a magnetic base 112, a magnetic plate 114, and a magnetic ring 113. The ring magnet 111e is a rounded rectangle, the voice coil 121 is a rounded rectangle, and the diaphragm (not shown) is a rounded rectangle. The voice coil 121 is mounted on the diaphragm and is located in the magnetic gap 110a between the plate magnet 111d and the ring magnet 111e. Figure 11 In (a), the darker areas near the magnetic gap 110a indicate a higher magnetic flux density in the vicinity of the gap. Combined with... Figure 11 In (b), the maximum magnetic flux density of voice coil 121 is approximately 0.56 Weber per square meter (Wb / m²). 2 Accordingly, the miniature speaker 100 of this embodiment has better performance.

[0118] See Figure 12In (a) and (b) of the diagram, the loudspeaker 100', as a comparative example, has a magnetic circuit assembly 110' including a plate magnet 111d', four bar magnets 111', a magnetic base 112', a magnetic ring 113', and a magnetic plate 114'. The four bar magnets 111' are arranged in a rectangular configuration, with adjacent bar magnets 111' spaced a certain distance apart. The voice coil 121' is a rounded rectangle, and the diaphragm (not shown) is also a rounded rectangle. The voice coil 121' is mounted on the diaphragm and is located in the magnetic gap 110a' between the plate magnet 111d' and the four bar magnets 111'. Figure 13 In (a), the smaller dark area near magnetic gap 110a indicates a smaller magnetic flux density near magnetic gap 110a'. Combined with... Figure 13 In (b), the maximum magnetic flux density of voice coil 121' is approximately 0.51 Wb / m. 2 Correspondingly, the performance of the miniature speaker 100' used as a comparison is poor.

[0119] See Figure 4 and Figure 6 This application provides a magnet 111, including a magnet core 1112 and the aforementioned magnetic rubber 1111, with the magnetic rubber 1111 encasing the magnet core 1112. The magnet core 1112 can be made of a strongly magnetic material such as neodymium iron boron. The magnet core 1112 serves as the inner layer, and the magnetic rubber 1111 serves as the outer layer, forming a combined magnet. The magnetic rubber 1111 possesses a certain degree of elasticity and flexibility, acting as a buffer in the event of mechanical collisions between the magnet 111 and surrounding components. The magnetic rubber 1111 can reduce the oxidation and corrosion of the magnet core 1112, improving reliability. Figure 5 Compared to traditional magnets of the same size, the magnet 111 in this embodiment uses magnetic rubber 1111 with stronger magnetism and lower density, which can reduce the mass of components such as the speaker 100.

[0120] This application provides a device including the speaker 100 or the magnet 111 described above.

[0121] The devices can include mobile phones, tablets, laptops, super mobile personal computers, e-book readers, netbooks, personal digital assistants, wearable devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, televisions, drones, action cameras, dashcams, in-vehicle devices, robots, sensors, motors, and vehicles (such as cars, trains, and ships).

[0122] For example, the device is a mobile phone, which includes a housing and a speaker 100. The speaker 100 is disposed in the housing and can output sound. The speaker 100 uses the aforementioned magnet 111, which uses the aforementioned magnetic rubber 1111. The magnetic rubber 1111 has a large magnetic energy product, for example, greater than or equal to 30 MGOe. The speaker 100 is small in size and can be installed in a mobile phone with limited space.

[0123] For example, the device is a motor, and the magnet 111 is made of the aforementioned magnetic rubber 1111. The magnet 111 can serve as the magnet of the motor rotor. The magnet 111 is lightweight, which can reduce the weight of the motor. The magnetic rubber has uniformity and flexibility, making the motor more stable during operation and reducing vibration and noise.

[0124] When verifying the magnetic rubber 1111, speaker 100, magnet 111, and device in the embodiments of this application, the speaker 100, magnet 111, or device can be disassembled for analysis. The magnetic rubber 1111 can be microscopically characterized and analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is confirmed that the magnetic rubber 1111 comprises the following components by weight percentage: 35% to 99% magnetic powder, 1% to 45% rubber, 0% to 5% vulcanizing agent, and 0% to 12% vulcanization accelerator.

[0125] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A magnetic rubber, characterized in that, The product comprises the following components by weight percentage: 35%–99% magnetic powder, 1%–45% rubber, 0–5% vulcanizing agent, and 0–12% vulcanization accelerator.

2. The magnetic rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic energy product of the magnetic powder is greater than or equal to 70 MGOe.

3. The magnetic rubber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The magnetic powder includes Fe 16 At least one of N2, FeCo / FePt.

4. The magnetic rubber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The rubber includes at least one of nitrile rubber, methyl silicone rubber, dimethyl silicone rubber, polybutadiene rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, and polymethyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber.

5. The magnetic rubber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The magnetic powder is Fe 16 In the case of N2, the magnetic powder accounts for 35% to 85% of the total weight of the magnetic rubber, and the rubber accounts for 15% to 45% of the total weight of the magnetic rubber; Alternatively, in the case where the magnetic powder is FeCo / FePt, the magnetic powder accounts for 55% to 99% of the total weight of the magnetic rubber, and the rubber accounts for 1% to 25% of the total weight of the magnetic rubber.

6. A method for preparing magnetic rubber, characterized in that, include: By combining magnetic powder and rubber, a composite material is obtained; The composite is processed and shaped to obtain a molded part; The molded part is magnetized to obtain magnetic rubber.

7. A loudspeaker, characterized in that, Includes magnetic circuit components and vibration components; The magnetic circuit assembly includes a magnet, the magnet comprising magnetic rubber as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; the magnetic circuit assembly has a magnetic gap; The vibrating assembly includes a voice coil and a diaphragm, the voice coil being connected to the diaphragm, and the voice coil being at least partially located in the magnetic gap.

8. The loudspeaker according to claim 7, characterized in that, The magnet also includes a magnetic core, and the magnetic rubber is wrapped around the magnetic core.

9. The loudspeaker according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The magnet is ring-shaped, and the magnetic circuit assembly includes a magnetic base and a magnetic ring. The magnetic base includes a plate-shaped portion and a columnar portion, with the columnar portion connected to the middle of the plate-shaped portion. The magnet is mounted on the plate-shaped portion and sleeved outside the columnar portion. The magnetic ring is mounted on the side of the magnet away from the plate-shaped portion, and the inner circumferential surface of the magnetic ring and the outer circumferential surface of the columnar portion are spaced apart to form the magnetic gap.

10. The loudspeaker according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The number of magnets is multiple, including a columnar magnet, a first annular magnet, and a second annular magnet; the first annular magnet is sleeved on the outside of the columnar magnet, and a first magnetic gap is formed between the first annular magnet and the columnar magnet; the second annular magnet is sleeved on the outside of the first annular magnet, and a second magnetic gap is formed between the first annular magnet and the second annular magnet. The voice coil includes a first coil and a second coil, the second coil being sleeved outside the first coil, the first coil being at least partially located in the first magnetic gap, and the second coil being at least partially located in the second magnetic gap.

11. The loudspeaker according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The magnet includes a plate-shaped magnet and a ring-shaped magnet; the magnetic circuit assembly includes a magnetic base, a magnetic plate, and a magnetic ring; Both the annular magnet and the plate magnet are mounted on the magnetic base, with the annular magnet sleeved on the plate magnet, and the annular magnet and the plate magnet are spaced apart. The magnetic plate is disposed on the side of the plate-shaped magnet away from the magnetic base, and the magnetic ring is disposed on the side of the ring-shaped magnet away from the magnetic base. The magnetic plate and the magnetic ring are spaced apart to form the magnetic gap.

12. The loudspeaker according to claim 11, characterized in that, The annular magnet is circular, the voice coil is circular, and the diaphragm is circular; Alternatively, the annular magnet may be a rounded rectangle, the voice coil may be a rounded rectangle, and the diaphragm may be a rounded rectangle.

13. A magnet, characterized in that, It includes a magnetic core and a magnetic rubber as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the magnetic rubber is wrapped around the outside of the magnetic core.

14. A device, characterized in that, Includes a loudspeaker as described in any one of claims 7 to 12, or a magnet as described in claim 13.

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