Explosion-proof battery pack and power battery

Abstract

The invention provides an explosion-proof battery pack and a power battery. The explosion-proof battery pack comprises a battery module and an explosion-proof module, the battery module comprises a battery cell mounting rack and a plurality of battery cells, and the battery cell mounting rack is provided with a mounting cavity and a pressure relief opening; the explosion-proof module comprises an explosion-proof box, the battery module is arranged in the explosion-proof box, a first cavity and a second cavity which are isolated from each other are defined between the inner wall of the explosion-proof box and the outer side surface of the battery cell mounting frame, and the second cavity is communicated with the mounting cavity through a pressure relief opening. Heat insulation glue is poured into the mounting cavity to reduce heat conduction between the battery cells, and a large amount of high-temperature gas generated by thermal runaway in the battery cells is led out through the pressure relief opening, so that the probability of thermal runaway is effectively reduced; the first cavity and the second cavity are isolated, the first cavity is filled with the first packaging adhesive, so that heat of the high-temperature gas can be quickly conducted out, and the first cavity is filled with the first packaging adhesive, so that the overall mechanical strength of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an explosion-proof battery pack and a power battery. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous increase in the specific energy of lithium-ion batteries, increasingly stringent thermal protection requirements have emerged. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, it generates a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas. This gas must be discharged promptly and isolated from the electrical environment as much as possible during the discharge process; otherwise, it may cause a chain reaction of thermal runaways, even leading to an explosion and serious accidents. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the temperature rises sharply and a large amount of high-temperature gas is discharged from the pressure relief valve, subsequently causing other cells to experience thermal runaway. Current thermal runaway protection technologies often use thermal insulation materials between cells to prevent heat propagation. However, for the large amount of high-temperature gas generated during thermal runaway, additional pressure relief space and gas channels are often reserved in the casing or cover, significantly reducing the overall space utilization of the battery pack, as illustrated in Chinese patent document CN115101885A.

[0003] However, batteries are typically filled with glue without any venting channels, or the internal cavity is not filled with glue at all, leaving a gap between the module and the casing as a venting channel. But without a venting channel, when thermal runaway occurs in the cell, the high-pressure gas cannot be released in time, creating high temperature and pressure inside the battery, potentially causing it to explode. If a standard explosion-proof valve is installed without additional structural treatment, open flames will escape. Furthermore, if the battery is not filled with glue and a gap is simply left as a venting channel, there is a risk of casing rupture during mechanical performance testing of battery packs with plastic casings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an explosion-proof battery pack and power battery that reduces the probability of thermal runaway and improves overall mechanical strength.

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is achieved through the following technical solution: An explosion-proof battery pack includes: a battery module and an explosion-proof module; the battery module includes a cell mounting frame and a plurality of cells, the cell mounting frame having a mounting cavity and a pressure relief port, the plurality of cells being mounted in the mounting cavity, and the pressure relief port communicating with the mounting cavity; the explosion-proof module includes an explosion-proof box, the battery module being disposed within the explosion-proof box, the inner wall of the explosion-proof box and the outer side of the cell mounting frame forming a first cavity and a second cavity that are isolated from each other, the first cavity being filled with a first encapsulating adhesive, and the second cavity communicating with the mounting cavity through the pressure relief port.

[0006] In one embodiment, the pressure relief port is located near the end of the battery cell.

[0007] In one embodiment, the battery cell mounting bracket has an exhaust port on its side wall, and the exhaust port is located in the axial extension direction of the battery cell. The battery cell mounting bracket also includes a protective plate, which is disposed on the surface of the battery cell mounting bracket near the exhaust port. The protective plate and the outer side wall of the battery cell mounting bracket form a third cavity, and the exhaust port and the pressure relief port are both connected to the third cavity.

[0008] In one embodiment, the cell mounting bracket includes two symmetrically connected mounting members. Each mounting member includes a mounting bracket and a cell nickel sheet. The two mounting brackets together hold multiple cells. The cell nickel sheets are disposed on the mounting brackets and are electrically connected to the same electrode of each of the multiple cells.

[0009] In one embodiment, the mounting bracket has a second injection port for injecting heat-insulating adhesive into the mounting cavity.

[0010] In one embodiment, the mounting cavity is also used to contain heat-insulating adhesive to fill the mounting cavity and encapsulate each of the battery cells.

[0011] In one embodiment, the explosion-proof box has a first glue-filling port that communicates with the first cavity, and the first glue-filling port is used to fill the first cavity with a first encapsulating adhesive.

[0012] In one embodiment, the mounting component further includes a cell positive electrode explosion-proof valve and a heat insulation pad. The heat insulation pad is connected to the mounting bracket and is disposed between the mounting bracket and the protective plate. The heat insulation pad has a heat insulation arc hole, which is connected to the cell positive electrode explosion-proof valve.

[0013] In one embodiment, the mounting component further includes heat-insulating silicone formed to connect with the mounting bracket, the heat-insulating silicone filling between the mounting bracket and the protective plate, and the heat-insulating silicone forming heat-insulating arc-shaped holes communicating with the exhaust port.

[0014] In one embodiment, the insulating silicone is a low-density potting compound with a density of less than 0.8 g / cm³. 3 .

[0015] In one embodiment, the explosion-proof module includes at least two inner cavity partitions, each of which is connected to the outer wall of the cell mounting frame and the inner wall of the explosion-proof box, so that a first cavity and a second cavity are formed between the cell mounting frame and the explosion-proof box, and in a direction parallel to the inner cavity partitions, two opposite sidewalls of the cell mounting frame abut against the inner wall of the explosion-proof box.

[0016] In one embodiment, the explosion-proof module further includes a support column located between the cell mounting frame and the explosion-proof box, and the support column is connected to the outer wall of the cell mounting frame and the inner wall of the explosion-proof box, respectively.

[0017] In one embodiment, the explosion-proof module further includes an explosion-proof valve and a rear cover. The explosion-proof valve is connected to the outer wall of the explosion-proof box and communicates with the second cavity. The rear cover is connected to the outer wall of the explosion-proof box and the explosion-proof valve is located between the rear cover and the explosion-proof box. The rear cover has an explosion-proof outlet that communicates with the explosion-proof valve.

[0018] In one embodiment, the explosion-proof module further includes a baffle connected to the rear cover, and a flame explosion-proof channel is formed between the baffle and the rear cover, the flame explosion-proof channel being connected to the explosion-proof outlet.

[0019] A power battery, comprising the explosion-proof battery pack described in any of the above embodiments.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, this disclosure has at least the following advantages: By injecting heat-insulating adhesive into the mounting cavity, heat conduction between battery cells is reduced. Furthermore, the large amount of high-temperature gas generated by thermal runaway within the battery cells is discharged through the pressure relief port, effectively reducing the probability of thermal runaway. The high-temperature gas discharged from the pressure relief port passes through the second cavity and then through the explosion-proof valve to improve explosion-proof safety. The flame is extinguished through the Z-shaped channel formed by the external rear cover and the baffle. The first cavity and the second cavity are isolated. The first cavity is filled with a first encapsulating adhesive to facilitate the rapid dissipation of heat from the high-temperature gas. In addition, the first encapsulating adhesive fills the first cavity to improve the overall mechanical strength of the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this disclosure and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1This is an exploded view of an explosion-proof battery pack in one embodiment; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery module in one embodiment; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the explosion-proof battery pack shown. Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery module in another embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a heat insulation pad in one embodiment; Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery module in another embodiment; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery module in another embodiment; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of an explosion-proof battery pack in another embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To facilitate understanding of this disclosure, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure. However, this disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure.

[0024] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this disclosure. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] This disclosure relates to an explosion-proof battery pack. In one embodiment, the explosion-proof battery pack includes a battery module and an explosion-proof module; the battery module includes a cell mounting frame and a plurality of cells, the cell mounting frame having a mounting cavity and a pressure relief port, the plurality of cells being mounted in the mounting cavity, and the pressure relief port communicating with the mounting cavity; the explosion-proof module includes an explosion-proof box, the battery module being disposed within the explosion-proof box, and a first cavity and a second cavity being mutually isolated between the inner wall of the explosion-proof box and the outer side of the cell mounting frame, the first cavity being filled with a first encapsulating adhesive, and the second cavity communicating with the mounting cavity through the pressure relief port. By injecting heat-insulating adhesive into the mounting cavity, heat conduction between battery cells is reduced. Furthermore, the large amount of high-temperature gas generated by thermal runaway within the battery cells is discharged through the pressure relief port, effectively reducing the probability of thermal runaway. The high-temperature gas discharged from the pressure relief port passes through the second cavity and then through the explosion-proof valve to improve explosion-proof safety. The rear cover and the baffle form a Z-shaped channel, extending the flame propagation path to eliminate the flame. The first cavity and the second cavity are isolated. The first cavity is filled with a first encapsulating adhesive to facilitate the rapid dissipation of heat from the high-temperature gas. In addition, the first encapsulating adhesive fills the first cavity to improve the overall mechanical strength of the battery pack.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an explosion-proof battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] One embodiment of the explosion-proof battery pack 10 includes a battery module 100 and an explosion-proof module 200. The battery module 100 includes a cell mounting bracket 110 and a plurality of battery cells 120, which can be referred to in conjunction with the above. Figure 2 The cell mounting bracket 110 has a mounting cavity 102 and a pressure relief port 104. Multiple cells 120 are mounted within the mounting cavity 102, and the pressure relief port 104 is interconnected with the mounting cavity 102. The explosion-proof module 200 includes an explosion-proof box 210, and the battery module 100 is disposed within the explosion-proof box 210. Please refer to the following: Figure 3 The inner wall of the explosion-proof box 210 and the outer side of the battery cell mounting bracket 110 form a first cavity 202 and a second cavity 204 that are isolated from each other. The first cavity 202 is used to fill the first encapsulating adhesive, and the second cavity 204 is connected to the mounting cavity 102 through the pressure relief port 104.

[0029] In another embodiment, the explosion-proof module 200 further includes an explosion-proof valve 220, which is connected to the outer wall of the explosion-proof box 210 and communicates with the second cavity 204.

[0030] In this embodiment, heat insulation adhesive is injected into the mounting cavity 102 to reduce heat conduction between the cells 120. Furthermore, the large amount of high-temperature gas generated by thermal runaway in the cells 120 is discharged through the pressure relief port 104, effectively reducing the probability of thermal runaway. The high-temperature gas discharged from the pressure relief port 104 passes through the second cavity 204 and then through the explosion-proof valve 220 to improve explosion-proof safety. The first cavity 202 and the second cavity 204 are isolated. The first cavity 202 is injected with a first encapsulating adhesive to facilitate the rapid discharge of heat from the high-temperature gas. In addition, the first encapsulating adhesive is filled into the first cavity 202 to improve the overall mechanical strength of the battery pack.

[0031] In one embodiment, the pressure relief port 104 is located near the end of the battery cell. By arranging the pressure relief port at the end of the battery cell, it is convenient to quickly discharge the high-temperature gas ejected from the battery. The end of the battery cell is the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell.

[0032] In one embodiment, please refer to the following: Figure 1 and Figure 4 The battery cell mounting bracket 110 includes two symmetrically connected mounting components. Each mounting component includes a mounting bracket 112 and a battery cell nickel sheet 114. The two mounting brackets 112 together clamp multiple battery cells 120. The battery cell nickel sheets 114 are disposed on the mounting brackets 112 and are electrically connected to the same electrode of each of the multiple battery cells 120. In this embodiment, the mounting brackets 112 serve as mounting components for the multiple battery cells 120. By symmetrically arranging the two mounting brackets 112, the multiple battery cells 120 are clamped between the two mounting brackets 112. Specifically, the mounting brackets 112 have a hollow structure, and the hollow areas inside the two mounting brackets 112 form mounting cavities 102. The multiple battery cells 120 are arrayed within the two mounting brackets 112, and the length direction of the battery cells 120 is parallel to the docking direction of the two mounting brackets 112. That is, the two mounting brackets 112 respectively accommodate portions of the battery cells 120, making the installation of the multiple battery cells 120 on the battery cell mounting bracket 110 more stable. The nickel plate 114 serves as the electrode lead-out part of the battery cell 120. The nickel plate 114 connects the electrodes of multiple batteries 120 with the same polarity, which facilitates the electrode lead-out of the battery cell 120 and thus facilitates the centralized current output of the electrodes of multiple batteries 120.

[0033] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 4The mounting bracket 112 has a second injection port 108 for injecting heat-insulating adhesive into the mounting cavity 102. In this embodiment, the second injection port 108 is located on the mounting bracket 112 and serves as a hole for injecting heat-insulating adhesive. After each battery cell 120 is installed on the two mounting brackets 112, heat-insulating adhesive is injected into the mounting cavity 102 through the second injection port 108 to shape each battery cell 120 and improve the installation stability of the battery cell 120. The mounting cavity also serves to contain the heat-insulating adhesive to fill the cavity and encapsulate each battery cell. The heat-insulating adhesive injected into the mounting cavity 102 has a thermal conductivity of 0.25 W / mK and is a two-component addition-cured low-density buffer potting silicone rubber. This adhesive is relatively soft after curing, allowing for a lighter battery pack.

[0034] In one embodiment, please refer to the following: Figure 1 and Figure 4 The mounting component also includes a protective plate 116 connected to the mounting bracket 112. The mounting bracket 112 has an exhaust port 101, and the protective plate 116 covers the nickel sheet 114 of the battery cell. In this embodiment, the protective plate 116 is located on the outside of the mounting bracket 112, that is, the protective plate 116 is connected to the side of the mounting bracket 112 facing away from the battery cell 120. The protective plate 116 covers the opening of the mounting bracket 112, creating a gap between the protective plate 116 and the mounting bracket 112, which facilitates its combination with the exhaust port 101 to form a pressure relief port 104, thereby facilitating the discharge of a large amount of high-temperature gas generated by the battery cell 120.

[0035] In another embodiment, please refer to [the document / reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The battery cell mounting bracket 110 has an exhaust port 101 on its side wall, and the exhaust port 101 is located in the axial extension direction of the battery cell. The battery cell mounting bracket 110 also includes a protective plate 116, which is disposed on the surface of the battery cell mounting bracket 110 near the exhaust port. The protective plate 116 and the outer side wall of the battery cell mounting bracket 110 form a third cavity 105. The exhaust port 101 and the pressure relief port 104 are both connected to the third cavity 105. In this embodiment, the third cavity 105 is specifically the gap between the protective plate 116 and the mounting bracket 112. The third cavity 105 has a preliminary buffering effect on the high-temperature gas, that is, it buffers the high-temperature gas discharged from the exhaust port 101, and then the high-temperature gas is discharged from the pressure relief port 104.

[0036] In another embodiment, the pressure relief port is located at the top corner of the edge of the cell mounting bracket, and at the same time, the pressure relief port is also located at the top corner of the edge of the protective plate. Specifically, the pressure relief port is the gap between the protective plate and the cell mounting bracket at the top corner of the same edge, and the pressure relief port is located away from the cell.

[0037] Furthermore, please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The mounting components also include a cell positive electrode explosion-proof valve 111 and a heat insulation pad 118. The heat insulation pad is connected to the mounting bracket 112, and the heat insulation pad 118 is disposed between the mounting bracket 112 and the protective plate 116. The heat insulation pad 118 has a heat insulation arc hole 103, which communicates with the cell positive electrode explosion-proof valve 111. In this embodiment, the heat insulation pad 118 serves as a barrier to prevent heat generation from the cell 120. The mounting bracket 112 and the protective plate 116 are located on both sides of the heat insulation pad 118. The heat insulation pad 118 blocks the heat within the perforated mounting bracket 112 to prevent a large amount of high-temperature gas from impacting other uncontrolled cell ends, ensuring that the pressure relief port 104 stably discharges high-temperature gas. Furthermore, the heat-insulating arc hole 103 is located on the heat-insulating pad 118. The heat-insulating arc hole 103 has an arc-shaped structure, forming a flap in the middle. When the battery cell 120 generates a large amount of high-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas breaks through the flap in the middle of the heat-insulating arc hole 103 and is discharged through the battery cell positive electrode explosion-proof valve 111 to increase the gas flow diameter, thereby increasing the gas flow rate and quickly discharging the high-temperature gas. The battery cell positive electrode explosion-proof valve 111 is located between the heat-insulating pad and the mounting bracket 112, and is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell.

[0038] In another embodiment, there are multiple heat-insulating arc holes, each corresponding to the positive terminal of a battery cell.

[0039] In another embodiment, the heat insulation pad 118 is tightly attached to the positive and negative electrode surfaces of the battery cell 120 via adhesive. The heat insulation pad 118 is made of mica and can withstand temperatures up to 1200°C. It has a groove, i.e., a heat insulation arc hole 103, only at the positive electrode, forming a flip-top structure. Because of the battery cell mounting bracket 110, this flip-top can only open outwards, not inwards. When the battery cell 120 experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature, high-pressure gas is ejected from the positive electrode. This structure provides some of the resistance, i.e., it can relieve stress, while simultaneously allowing the gas to escape.

[0040] In another embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 The mounting component also includes a heat-insulating silicone 113 connected to the mounting bracket 112. The heat-insulating silicone 113 fills the space between the mounting bracket 112 and the protective plate 116, and the heat-insulating silicone 113 has heat-insulating arc holes communicating with the exhaust port. In this embodiment, the heat-insulating silicone serves as a secondary heat insulation component, forming a multi-layer protection with the heat insulation pad to prevent open flame leakage in the event of a battery cell runaway.

[0041] In another embodiment, the insulating silicone is a low-density potting compound with a density of less than 0.8 g / cm³. 3.

[0042] In another embodiment, the heat insulation pad can be replaced with low thermal conductivity silicone, which has a thermal conductivity of 0.1~0.25w / mk.

[0043] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 The explosion-proof box 210 has at least two protruding inner cavity partition plates 230. These partition plates 230 are connected to the outer side of the battery cell mounting bracket 110, forming a first cavity 202 and a second cavity 204 that are mutually isolated between the battery cell mounting bracket 110 and the explosion-proof box 210. In a direction parallel to the partition plates 230, two opposite sidewalls of the battery cell mounting bracket 110 abut against the inner wall of the explosion-proof box 210. In this embodiment, the partition plates 230 divide the space inside the explosion-proof box 210, and at least two partition plates 230 divide the internal space of the explosion-proof box 210 into at least two cavities. One end of the inner cavity partition plate 230 is connected to the outer wall of the cell mounting bracket 110, and the other end of the inner cavity partition plate 230 is connected to the inner wall of the explosion-proof box 210, so that a first cavity 202 and a second cavity 204 are formed inside the explosion-proof box 210. The inner cavity partition plate 230 is arranged in the same direction inside the explosion-proof box 210. For example, the inner cavity partition plate 230 is parallel to the cell 120. Moreover, in this direction, the two opposite side walls of the cell mounting bracket 110 are in contact with the inner wall of the explosion-proof box 210, so that the first cavity 202 and the second cavity 204 are isolated, avoiding leakage of the first encapsulating glue in the first cavity 202, and filling the internal space of the first cavity 202 to improve the overall mechanical strength of the explosion-proof box 210. The explosion-proof box has a first potting port 206 communicating with the first cavity. The first potting port 206 is used to fill the first cavity 202 with a first encapsulating adhesive. The first encapsulating adhesive is an AB component polyurethane adhesive with a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W / mK. Heat is conducted to the outside through the first encapsulating adhesive and the explosion-proof box 210, thereby reducing the internal heat of the battery module 100. During potting, the battery pack is placed at an angle with the first potting port 206 facing upwards, and the first encapsulating adhesive is poured in through the first potting port 206. Since the high-pressure gas needs to be discharged through the explosion-proof valve 220, a non-potting area, namely the second cavity 204, is formed at the location of the explosion-proof valve 220 by means of an inner cavity partition plate 230. During potting, it is ensured that the first encapsulating adhesive cannot flow into the second cavity 204.

[0044] In another embodiment, each mounting bracket 112 is provided with two inner cavity partition plates 230, and the two inner cavity partition plates 230 on the same mounting bracket 112 are arranged perpendicularly to each other, so that the inner cavity partition plates 230 of the two mounting brackets 112 are combined to form a large partition plate.

[0045] In another embodiment, the explosion-proof box includes an upper cover and a lower cover that are connected to each other. The mating direction of the upper cover and the lower cover is perpendicular to the mating direction of the two mounting brackets, which facilitates the reinforcement of the two mounting brackets and improves the installation stability of the battery module in the explosion-proof box.

[0046] Further, please refer to Figure 1 The explosion-proof module 200 also includes a support column 240, which is located between the cell mounting frame 110 and the explosion-proof box 210. The support column 240 is connected to both the outer wall of the cell mounting frame 110 and the inner wall of the explosion-proof box 210. In this embodiment, one end of the support column 240 is connected to the outer wall of the cell mounting frame 110, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the explosion-proof box 210. The support column 240 supports the cell mounting frame 110, and the height of the support column 240 is equal to the width of the inner cavity partition plate 230, so that the support column 240 and the inner cavity partition plate 230 jointly support the cell mounting frame 110, thereby improving the installation stability of the cell mounting frame 110 within the explosion-proof box 210.

[0047] In one embodiment, please refer to the following: Figure 1 and Figure 8 The explosion-proof module 200 also includes a rear cover 250 connected to the outer wall of the explosion-proof box 210. An explosion-proof valve 220 is located between the rear cover 250 and the explosion-proof box 210. The rear cover 250 has an explosion-proof outlet 208, which communicates with the explosion-proof valve 220. In this embodiment, the rear cover 250 corresponds to the explosion-proof valve 220. The explosion-proof valve 220 discharges the high-temperature gas in the second cavity 204, and the explosion-proof outlet 208 on the rear cover 250 directs the high-temperature gas discharged by the explosion-proof valve 220 to the external environment, thereby extending the flow path of the high-temperature gas and reducing its temperature. Moreover, during thermal runaway, the flame generated by the battery cell 120 is confined between the rear cover 250 and the explosion-proof box 210, effectively suppressing the flame during thermal runaway and preventing open flame leakage.

[0048] In another embodiment, the explosion-proof outlet 208 is misaligned with the explosion-proof valve 220.

[0049] Furthermore, please refer to the following: Figure 1 and Figure 8The explosion-proof module 200 also includes a baffle 260, which is connected to the rear cover 250. A flame explosion-proof channel 201 is formed between the baffle 260 and the rear cover 250, and the flame explosion-proof channel 201 communicates with the explosion-proof outlet 208. In this embodiment, the baffle 260 and the rear cover 250 are used in combination, with a portion of the baffle 260 facing the explosion-proof outlet 208 to form the flame explosion-proof channel 201. The explosion-proof outlet 208 guides the high-temperature gas discharged from the explosion-proof valve 220 to the flame explosion-proof channel 201. Specifically, the explosion-proof outlet 208 is positioned higher than the explosion-proof valve 220, and the flame explosion-proof channel 201 extends downward. In this way, the high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 120 passes through multiple bends, i.e., path A, which blocks the spread of flames generated by thermal runaway, achieving the effect of explosion-proof without open flame.

[0050] When cell 120 experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature, high-pressure gas particles are ejected from the positive electrode, forcing open the flip cover of heat insulation pad 118. The gas enters the flame explosion-proof channel 201 formed by heat insulation pad 118 and protective plate 116. Simultaneously, heat insulation pad 118 acts as a heat insulator, preventing the released high temperature from entering the surrounding cells 120. Subsequently, the pressure of the high-pressure gas opens the explosion-proof valve 220, releasing the high-pressure gas and balancing the internal and external gas pressure of the battery. The high temperature inside the battery module 100 dissipates through the high thermal conductivity of the first encapsulating adhesive and the explosion-proof box 210, reducing the internal temperature of the battery module 100 and minimizing the risk of heat spread. Furthermore, the explosion-proof valve 220 forms a Z-shaped vent through the rear cover 250 and baffle 260, extending the flame propagation path to extinguish the flame, ultimately achieving explosion-proof protection without any open flame.

[0051] In another embodiment, the baffle is connected to the rear cover, and an exhaust port is provided between the baffle and the rear cover. The exhaust port is connected to the explosion-proof outlet of the rear cover, and the explosion-proof outlet is inside the baffle.

[0052] In one embodiment, this disclosure also relates to a power battery, including the explosion-proof battery pack of any of the above embodiments. In this embodiment, the explosion-proof battery pack includes a battery module and an explosion-proof module; the battery module includes a cell mounting frame and a plurality of cells, the cell mounting frame having a mounting cavity and a pressure relief port, the plurality of cells being installed in the mounting cavity, and the pressure relief port communicating with the mounting cavity; the explosion-proof module includes an explosion-proof box, the battery module being disposed inside the explosion-proof box, the inner wall of the explosion-proof box and the outer side of the cell mounting frame forming a first cavity and a second cavity that are isolated from each other, the first cavity being filled with a first encapsulating adhesive, and the second cavity communicating with the mounting cavity through the pressure relief port; an explosion-proof valve is connected to the outer wall of the explosion-proof box, and the explosion-proof valve communicating with the second cavity. By injecting heat-insulating adhesive into the mounting cavity, heat conduction between battery cells is reduced. Furthermore, the large amount of high-temperature gas generated by thermal runaway within the battery cells is discharged through the pressure relief port, effectively reducing the probability of thermal runaway. The high-temperature gas discharged from the pressure relief port passes through the second cavity and then through the explosion-proof valve to improve explosion-proof safety. The flame is extinguished through the Z-shaped channel formed by the external rear cover and the baffle. The first cavity and the second cavity are isolated. The first cavity is filled with a first encapsulating adhesive to facilitate the rapid dissipation of heat from the high-temperature gas. In addition, the first encapsulating adhesive fills the first cavity to improve the overall mechanical strength of the battery pack.

[0053] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this disclosure, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this disclosure, and these all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof battery pack, characterized in that, include: A battery module, the battery module including a cell mounting frame and a plurality of cells, the cell mounting frame having a mounting cavity and a pressure relief port, the plurality of cells being mounted in the mounting cavity, the pressure relief port being in communication with the mounting cavity; An explosion-proof module includes an explosion-proof box, in which the battery module is disposed. The inner wall of the explosion-proof box and the outer side of the battery cell mounting bracket form a first cavity and a second cavity that are isolated from each other. The first cavity is used to fill with a first encapsulating adhesive, and the second cavity is connected to the mounting cavity through the pressure relief port.

2. The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief port is located near the end of the battery cell.

3. The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery cell mounting bracket has an exhaust port on its side wall, and the exhaust port is located in the axial extension direction of the battery cell. The battery cell mounting bracket also includes a protective plate, which is disposed on the surface of the battery cell mounting bracket near the exhaust port. The protective plate and the outer side wall of the battery cell mounting bracket form a third cavity. The exhaust port and the pressure relief port are both connected to the third cavity.

4. The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery cell mounting frame includes two symmetrically connected mounting components. Each mounting component includes a mounting bracket and a battery cell nickel plate. The two mounting brackets together clamp multiple battery cells. The battery cell nickel plates are disposed on the mounting brackets and are electrically connected to the same electrode of each of the multiple battery cells.

5. The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting bracket is provided with a second glue inlet, which is used to inject heat insulation glue into the mounting cavity; And / or, the mounting cavity is also used to contain heat-insulating adhesive to fill the mounting cavity and wrap each of the battery cells; And / or, the explosion-proof box has a first glue-filling port communicating with the first cavity, the first glue-filling port being used to fill the first cavity with a first encapsulating adhesive.

6. The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting component also includes a cell positive electrode explosion-proof valve and a heat insulation pad. The heat insulation pad is connected to the mounting bracket and is disposed between the mounting bracket and the protective plate. The heat insulation pad has a heat insulation arc hole, which is connected to the cell positive electrode explosion-proof valve. And / or, the mounting component further includes heat-insulating silicone formed to connect with the mounting bracket, the heat-insulating silicone filling between the mounting bracket and the protective plate, and the heat-insulating silicone forming heat-insulating arc-shaped holes communicating with the exhaust port.

7. The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The insulating silicone is a low-density potting compound with a density of less than 0.8 g / cm³. 3 .

8. The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two inner cavity partition plates are provided on the inner wall of the explosion-proof box. The inner cavity partition plates are connected to the outer side of the battery cell mounting bracket, so that a first cavity and a second cavity are formed between the battery cell mounting bracket and the explosion-proof box. In the direction parallel to the inner cavity partition plates, the two opposite side walls of the battery cell mounting bracket abut against the inner wall of the explosion-proof box.

9. The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion-proof module also includes a support column, which is located between the cell mounting frame and the explosion-proof box. The support column is connected to the outer wall of the cell mounting frame and the inner wall of the explosion-proof box, respectively.

10. The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion-proof module also includes an explosion-proof valve and a rear cover. The explosion-proof valve is connected to the outer wall of the explosion-proof box and communicates with the second cavity. The rear cover is connected to the outer wall of the explosion-proof box and the explosion-proof valve is located between the rear cover and the explosion-proof box. The rear cover has an explosion-proof outlet that communicates with the explosion-proof valve.

11. The explosion-proof battery pack according to claim 10, characterized in that, The explosion-proof module also includes a baffle plate connected to the rear cover, and a flame explosion-proof channel is formed between the baffle plate and the rear cover, which is connected to the explosion-proof outlet.

12. A power battery, characterized in that, Includes the explosion-proof battery pack as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

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