Signal sending or receiving method, terminal and network side equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a signal sending or receiving method, a terminal and network side equipment, and belongs to the technical field of communication, and the signal sending or receiving method comprises the steps that the network side equipment applies a first parameter to send a first signal, or applies a second parameter to receive a second signal; wherein the first parameter is used for performing frequency compensation on the first signal; the second parameter is used for performing frequency compensation on the second signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to a signal transmission or reception method, a terminal, and a network-side device. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the long distances between satellites and terminals and network-side equipment, and the high speed of satellite movement, non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) typically exhibit significant time delays and Doppler frequency offsets, resulting in substantial frequency offsets (FO). Therefore, it is necessary to provide methods for transmitting or receiving signals in NTN scenarios to improve signal transmission or reception quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a signal transmission or reception method, a terminal, and a network-side device, which can solve the problem of low signal transmission or reception quality in NTN scenarios.

[0004] In a first aspect, a signal transmission or reception method is provided, comprising: a terminal receiving a first signal using a third parameter, or transmitting a second signal using a fourth parameter; wherein the third parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; and the fourth parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

[0005] In a second aspect, a signal transmission or reception method is provided, comprising: a network-side device transmitting a first signal using a first parameter, or receiving a second signal using a second parameter; wherein the first parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; and the second parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

[0006] Thirdly, a signal transmitting or receiving device is provided, applied to a terminal, comprising: a communication module, used to receive a first signal using a third parameter, or to transmit a second signal using a fourth parameter; wherein the third parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; and the fourth parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

[0007] Fourthly, a signal transmitting or receiving device is provided, applied to a network-side device, comprising: a communication module, configured to transmit a first signal using a first parameter, or to receive a second signal using a second parameter; wherein the first parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; and the second parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

[0008] Fifthly, a signal transmitting or receiving apparatus is provided, the apparatus being configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0009] In a sixth aspect, a terminal is provided, the terminal including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0010] In a seventh aspect, a terminal is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to receive a first signal using a third parameter, or to send a second signal using a fourth parameter; wherein the third parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; and the fourth parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

[0011] Eighthly, a network-side device is provided, the network-side device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0012] In a ninth aspect, a network-side device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to send a first signal using a first parameter, or to receive a second signal using a second parameter; wherein the first parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; and the second parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

[0013] In a tenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0014] Eleventhly, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a terminal and a network-side device, wherein the terminal can be used to perform the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, and the network-side device can be used to perform the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0015] In a twelfth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run programs or instructions to implement the method as described in the first aspect, or to implement the method as described in the second aspect.

[0016] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the method as described in the first aspect, or to implement the method as described in the second aspect.

[0017] In this embodiment, the network-side device uses a first parameter to send a first signal, or uses a second parameter to receive a second signal; wherein, the first parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; the second parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal, which helps to reduce the total frequency offset of the terminal receiving the downlink first signal, reduces the difficulty of frequency offset compensation for the terminal sending the uplink second signal, and helps to improve the signal transmission quality and improve the performance of the communication system in the NTN scenario. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a signal transmission or reception method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the carrying method of the first information in a signal transmission or reception method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the carrying method of the first information in a signal transmission or reception method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the carrying method of the first information in a signal transmission or reception method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the carrying method of the first information in a signal transmission or reception method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the carrying method of the first information in a signal transmission or reception method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the carrying method of the first information in the signal transmission or reception method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of a signal transmission or reception method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a signal transmitting or receiving device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a signal transmitting or receiving device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a network-side device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, the scope of protection for "A or B" covers at least three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B," "at least one of A and B," and "at least one of A or B" also cover at least the above three scenarios. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0034] The term "instruction" in this application can be either a direct instruction (or explicit instruction) or an indirect instruction (or implicit instruction). A direct instruction can be understood as one in which the sender explicitly informs the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc., in the instruction sent. An indirect instruction can be understood as one in which the receiver determines the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or makes a judgment and determines the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc., based on the judgment result.

[0035] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. th Generation 6G communication system.

[0036] Figure 1This diagram illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, flight vehicle, vehicle user equipment (VUE), shipboard equipment, pedestrian user equipment (PUE), smart home devices (home appliances with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), game consoles, personal computers (PCs), ATMs, or self-service machines, etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among these, in-vehicle devices can also be referred to as in-vehicle terminals, in-vehicle controllers, in-vehicle modules, in-vehicle components, in-vehicle chips, or in-vehicle units, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in this application embodiment. Network-side equipment 12 may include access network equipment or core network equipment, wherein access network equipment may also be referred to as Radio Access Network (RAN) equipment, radio access network function, or radio access network unit. Access network equipment may include base stations, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) access points (AS), or Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) nodes, etc.The term "base station" can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), Next Generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), Access Point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Radio Base Station, Radio Transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home Evolved Node B, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), or any other suitable term in the relevant field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The term "base station" is not limited to any specific technical terminology. It should be noted that this application embodiment only uses a base station in an NR system as an example for description and does not limit the specific type of base station.

[0037] Core network equipment, also known as core network nodes, core network functions, or core network elements, includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), Edge Application Server Discovery Function (EASDF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Unified Data Repository (UDR), Home Subscriber Server (HSS), Centralized network configuration (CNC), Network Repository Function (NRF), Network Exposure Function (NEF), Local NEF (or L-NEF), and Binding Support Function. Support Functions (BSF), Application Functions (AF), Location Management Functions (LMF), Gateway Mobile Location Centres (GMLC), and Network Data Analytics Functions (NWDAF), etc. It should be noted that this application embodiment only uses core network equipment in the NR system as an example and does not limit the specific type of core network equipment. If the name of the core network equipment mentioned in this application embodiment changes in subsequent protocol versions (e.g., 6G), it will still be within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] Optionally, the core network equipment can be implemented by one or more functional modules in a single device, or by multiple devices working together; this application does not specifically limit this. It is understood that the aforementioned functional modules can be network elements in hardware devices, software functional modules running on dedicated hardware, or virtualized functional modules instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0039] The signal transmission or reception method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a signal transmission or reception method 200, which can be executed by a network-side device. In other words, the method can be executed by software or hardware installed on the network-side device, and the method includes the following steps.

[0041] S202: The network-side device sends a first signal using a first parameter, or receives a second signal using a second parameter; wherein the first parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; and the second parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

[0042] The first parameter is used by the network-side device to perform frequency pre-compensation or frequency offset on the first signal. The first parameter may include information related to the first frequency offset (FO) compensation, such as the FO pre-compensation value for transmitting the first signal.

[0043] The second parameter is used by the network-side device to perform frequency post-compensation or frequency offset on the second signal. The second parameter may include second FO compensation related information, such as the FO post-compensation value of the received second signal.

[0044] The frequency pre-compensation / frequency post-compensation in the embodiments of this application may also refer to the frequency offset of the signal by the transmitting end / receiving end.

[0045] In one embodiment, sending the first signal using the first parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0046] 1) Apply the first FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal.

[0047] In various embodiments of this application, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first reference point (RP) to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP. In some embodiments, if the second RP is a satellite, then there is no Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP, and the first FO can be equal to the third FO; wherein, the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite.

[0048] In various embodiments of this application, the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network-side device. The ground network-side device (hereinafter referred to as the first network-side device) in various embodiments of this application and the execution entity of embodiment 200 (hereinafter referred to as the second network-side device) can be the same network-side device or different network-side devices. When the first network-side device and the second network-side device are different, information exchange can occur between them, and the link between them does not have a FO (Forward Entity) or the FO of the link between them can be ignored.

[0049] The reference points in the various embodiments of this application may be, for example, agreed or indicated reference locations, reference network elements, reference devices, etc.

[0050] In one embodiment, the first FO can be a cell-specific FO.

[0051] 2) Apply the sum of the second FO and the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal.

[0052] In various embodiments of this application, the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP. In some embodiments, the second RP is the satellite, in which case the second FO does not exist.

[0053] In one embodiment, the second FO can be a satellite-specific common FO.

[0054] In various embodiments of this application, the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite.

[0055] In one embodiment, the third FO can be a cell-specific common FO.

[0056] 3) Apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal, wherein the terminal is further used to apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal.

[0057] 4) Apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal, wherein the terminal is further used to apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal.

[0058] In one embodiment, receiving the second signal by applying the second parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0059] 1) Apply the first FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal.

[0060] 2) Apply the sum of the second FO and the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal.

[0061] 3) Apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal, wherein the terminal is further used to apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

[0062] 4) Apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal, wherein the terminal is also used to apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

[0063] In one embodiment, the compensation value after the network-side device receives the FO of the second signal application is: the value of the cell-specific FO that the terminal has not pre-compensated. For example, when the FO of the second signal compensation sent by the terminal is the cell-specific common FO, then the FO that the network-side device needs to compensate is satellite-specific common FO = cell-specific FO - cell-specific common FO.

[0064] In various embodiments of this application, the first FO, the second FO, or the third FO includes at least one of the following: a reference value; an Nth-order rate of change of the reference value, where N is a positive integer; a function that changes over time; an updated value of the reference value; and a time reference value.

[0065] In this embodiment, for example, the first FO is obtained based on a reference value and the Nth order rate of change of the reference value; in another embodiment, the second FO is calculated based on a reference value and a function that changes over time.

[0066] In one embodiment, the first FO, the second FO, or the third FO is the Doppler frequency offset or K times the Doppler frequency offset of the corresponding path, such that K belongs to R, and R is the set of real numbers.

[0067] In one embodiment, the first FO, the second FO, or the third FO may be location-related, for example, by indicating multiple sets of FO-related parameters and their corresponding locations in the form of a list, and the network-side device or terminal selects a reference value from the list based on the location.

[0068] The signal transmission or reception method provided in this application embodiment allows a network-side device to transmit a first signal using a first parameter, or to receive a second signal using a second parameter. The first parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal, and the second parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal. This method helps reduce the total frequency offset of the downlink first signal received by the terminal, reduces the difficulty of frequency offset compensation when the terminal transmits the uplink second signal, improves signal transmission quality, and enhances the performance of the communication system in NTN scenarios.

[0069] The signal transmission or reception method provided in this application embodiment allows the network-side device to pre- / post-compensate for cell-specific common frequency offset, reducing the total frequency offset of the downlink synchronization signal received by the terminal, thereby reducing the difficulty of receiving the synchronization signal and the requirement for larger synchronization signals and physical broadcast channel block (SSB) subcarrier spacing (SCS) or synchronization grid spacing; it also reduces the difficulty of frequency offset compensation when the terminal transmits uplink signals.

[0070] In related technologies, the NTN mechanism may require the terminal to obtain satellite ephemeris information and then dynamically track and calculate the current FO compensation amount based on its own geographical location information and the geographical location information of the target cell or TRP, etc. Obviously, sending ephemeris to the terminal incurs additional signaling and computational overhead. The signal transmission or reception method provided in this application embodiment can perform FO pre-compensation / post-compensation without relying on ephemeris, and is suitable for the unified air interface design of NTN or Terrestrial Networks (TN), avoiding the additional signaling overhead caused by sending ephemeris.

[0071] In one embodiment, the method further includes: the network-side device sending first information to the terminal, the first information indicating at least one of the following: the terminal performs frequency compensation on the received first signal; the terminal performs frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

[0072] The signal transmission or reception method provided in this application embodiment can further introduce closed-loop frequency offset compensation for the uplink second signal to further correct the residual frequency offset value and further ensure the signal reception quality.

[0073] In one embodiment, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0074] 1) Frequency Offset Command (FOC).

[0075] 2) FOC indication or adjustment granularity, such as X Hz, X kHz, X rad, X degree, X ppm, etc.

[0076] 3) Functional relationship between Timing Advance Command (TAC) and FOC.

[0077] 4) Timing Advance (TA) adjustment amount indicated by TAC. The TAC may include at least one of the following: Random Access Response (RAR) TAC, Timing Advance Command Media Access Control Unit (TAcommand MAC CE), Cell Specific Common TA, UE Specific Common TA, and Common TA.

[0078] 5) Satellite altitude information, such as 360km, 600km, 1200km, etc.

[0079] 6) The relative position of the agreed location (predefined / configured / indicated location) to the satellite, such as the elevation angle and distance of the agreed location relative to the satellite. This agreed location can be predefined, such as that agreed upon in the protocol; or it can be indicated by the network-side equipment to the terminal.

[0080] 7) Terminal time information, such as absolute time, relative time, etc.

[0081] 8) Time information of network-side devices, such as absolute time and relative time.

[0082] 9) Enable or disable FO compensation. When FO compensation is disabled, the FO compensation value on the terminal side can be considered to be 0.

[0083] 10) First FO, the first FO corresponding to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP.

[0084] 11) Second FO, which corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP.

[0085] 12) The third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite.

[0086] The first FO, second FO, or third FO can be found in the description of the preceding embodiments. Through the first FO, second FO, or third FO carried by the first information, the network-side device can explicitly indicate at least one FO.

[0087] It should be noted that the first and second parameters applied by the network-side device include a first FO; the first information sent by the network-side device to the terminal may also include a first FO. In fact, the value of the first FO applied by the network-side device and the value of the first FO applied by the terminal can be different or the same; similarly, the value of the second FO applied by the network-side device and the value of the second FO applied by the terminal can be different or the same; the value of the third FO applied by the network-side device and the value of the third FO applied by the terminal can be different or the same.

[0088] In one embodiment, the first information includes an FOC (Foreign Object Code), the FOC indicating at least one of the following:

[0089] 1) FO adjustment amount, such as the adjustment amount of cell specific FO; satellite specific common FO; cell specific common FO; and UE specific FO.

[0090] 2) Phase adjustment amount or phase difference, such as the phase value of FO shift within a fixed time period, where the time period may be specified, configured, or indicated by the protocol, for example, carried in the first information or in other signaling such as Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Blocks (SIB), Radio Resource Control (RRC), Media Access Control Element (MAC CE), or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

[0091] 3) Used to receive relevant information about a synchronization carrier, wherein the synchronization carrier may be a sine wave of a specific frequency or a signal carrying a sequence; the relevant information may be time-domain information, frequency-domain information or code-domain information of the synchronization carrier.

[0092] In one embodiment, the first information is determined by at least one of the following:

[0093] 1) The information carried by at least one of the following: system broadcast messages (such as SSB, MIB, SIB), information during random access, scheduling information during random access, RRC, MAC CE, DCI, handover command or signaling indicating neighbor cell information.

[0094] The information in the above-mentioned random access process includes, for example, message 2 (Msg2), random access response (RAR), MsgB (including success RAR, fallback RAR, etc.), and message 4 (Msg4).

[0095] The aforementioned DCIs include, for example, the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), group common DCI, first-stage DCI, second-stage DCI, Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), and control plane F1 (F1-C).

[0096] 2) The agreed or specified value.

[0097] 3) Values ​​associated with frequency points or frequency bands.

[0098] In one embodiment, the first parameter includes first FO compensation-related information, and the second parameter includes second FO compensation-related information, wherein the first FO compensation-related information or the second FO compensation-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0099] 1) Enable or disable FO compensation. When FO compensation is disabled, the FO compensation value of the network-side device can be considered to be 0.

[0100] 2) The type of FO for compensation, which may include a first FO, a second FO, or a third FO, etc.

[0101] 3) First FO, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP.

[0102] 4) The second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP.

[0103] 5) The third FO, which corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite.

[0104] The first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite, such as the center point of the first cell; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment, such as a ground gNB or a satellite.

[0105] In one embodiment, the first parameter further includes at least one of the following: the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal; the synchronization grid or the spacing of the synchronization grids for transmitting the first signal; the channel grid for transmitting the first signal; and the frequency band of the first signal, such as selecting a frequency band that meets the required synchronization grid spacing.

[0106] In one embodiment, the second parameter further includes at least one of the following: the SCS of the second signal; the synchronization grid or the spacing of the synchronization grid for receiving the second signal; the channel grid for receiving the second signal; and the frequency band of the second signal, such as selecting a frequency band that satisfies the required synchronization grid spacing.

[0107] In one embodiment, the SCS of the first signal or the second signal is greater than or equal to the following value: f d,max The difference between the frequency offset value and the frequency offset value, where f d,max This represents the maximum possible Doppler frequency offset for terminals within the community.

[0108] In one embodiment, the synchronization grid spacing of the first signal or the second signal is greater than or equal to the following value: f d,max Twice the difference between the frequency offset value and the frequency offset value, where f d,max This represents the maximum possible Doppler frequency offset for terminals within the community.

[0109] To illustrate the signal transmission or reception methods provided in the embodiments of this application in detail, the following description will be provided in conjunction with several specific embodiments.

[0110] Example Group 1

[0111] This set of examples mainly introduces open-loop frequency offset compensation for downlink signals and frequency offset estimation based on SSB.

[0112] This set of embodiments applies to open-loop frequency offset compensation and estimation, where neither the network nor the UE performs closed-loop frequency offset correction. One application scenario is compensating for downlink reference signals (such as SSB) during random access. The UE can perform frequency offset estimation based on the SSB.

[0113] The downlink reference signal in this embodiment group can also be other downlink reference signals besides SSB, such as the Tracking Reference Signal (TRS).

[0114] In some embodiments, the network side does not compensate SSB FO and sends SSB to the UE.

[0115] The first signal is an SSB. The network side sends the SSB using a first parameter. Specifically, the first parameter is at least one of the following:

[0116] 1) FO is 0, meaning FO is not compensated.

[0117] 2) SSB's SCS.

[0118] 3) The synchronization grid or synchronization grid interval of the SSB.

[0119] 4) The frequency band where SSB is located.

[0120] Optionally, the SSB's SCS is at least greater than or equal to the maximum possible Doppler frequency offset f of the UE within the satellite service range. d,max The synchronization grid spacing of the SSB must be at least greater than or equal to 2*f. d,max , where f d,max It is determined by the maximum coverage area of ​​the cell / satellite beam and the altitude of the satellite.

[0121] The UE detects the SSB and determines the frequency offset experienced by the SSB. The frequency offset is the sum of the following:

[0122] 1) The local oscillator frequency offset of the UE. The following assumes that this item is 0 or does not exist. In reality, this item may be a value greater than 0, which does not affect the effectiveness of this solution.

[0123] 2) Cell-specific FO, see the first FO in other embodiments for details.

[0124] 3) UE-specific FO, which corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the UE to the first RP.

[0125] In some embodiments, the network side pre-compensates at least part of the SSB (Forwarded Subsequent Defaults) and sends the pre-compensated SSB to the UE.

[0126] The first signal is an SSB. The network side sends the SSB using a first parameter. Specifically, the first parameter is at least one of the following:

[0127] 1) Send the pre-compensation FO of SSB, denoted as f comp The pre-compensation FO is the sum of at least one of the following: cell-specific FO; satellite-specific common FO, which can be referred to as the second FO in other embodiments; and cell-specific common FO, which can be referred to as the third FO in other embodiments.

[0128] The network side obtains the above values ​​based on parameters such as the location of the serving cell and satellite altitude, which is mainly implemented by the network side.

[0129] 2) Send the SSB's SCS.

[0130] 3) Send the synchronization grid or synchronization grid interval of the SSB.

[0131] 4) The frequency band in which the SSB is transmitted.

[0132] Optionally, the SSB's SCS is at least greater than or equal to the maximum possible Doppler frequency offset f of the UE within the satellite service range. d,max -f comp The synchronization grid spacing of the SSB is at least greater than or equal to 2(f) d,max -f comp ), f d,max It is determined by the maximum coverage area of ​​the cell / satellite beam and the altitude of the satellite.

[0133] The UE detects the SSB and determines the frequency offset of the SSB. The frequency offset is the sum of the following items:

[0134] 1) The local oscillator frequency offset of the UE.

[0135] 2) Cell-specific FO.

[0136] 3) UE specific FO.

[0137] 4)-f comp .

[0138] For example (passband pre-compensation), the specific implementation method of network-side pre-compensation FO for SSB is as follows:

[0139] 1) Assume the target center frequency of the SSB is d. raster,1 The frequency that needs to be pre-compensated on the network side is f. comp .

[0140] 2) The network side generates the SSB baseband signal, and during upconversion, the SSB baseband signal is shifted to the center frequency.

[0141] For example (baseband pre-compensation), the specific implementation method of network-side pre-compensation FO for SSB is as follows:

[0142] 1) In the baseband signal generation formula, the frequency of each subcarrier is offset. Assume the frequency that needs to be pre-compensated on the network side is f. comp If SCS is Δf, then k1 = f comp / Δf.

[0143] Method 1: The network side generates OFDM signals according to the following formula:

[0144]

[0145] Method 2: The network side generates OFDM signals according to the following formula:

[0146]

[0147] For example, the specific implementation method of UE estimating FO for SSB is as follows:

[0148] 1) Detect the phase of the first sequence (PSS)

[0149] 2) Detect the phase of the second sequence (SSS)

[0150] 3) The estimated FO is calculated using the following formula, where Δt is the time interval between PSS and SSS, which is actually... And Δf SCS,SSB It is the subcarrier spacing of the SSB:

[0151]

[0152] In the above frequency offset formula, Δf r It refers to the local oscillator frequency offset of the UE, and f d This represents the actual Doppler frequency shift experienced by the SSB.

[0153] From the above examples, we can see that:

[0154] 1) If the FO exceeds the SCS of the SSB, then the phase difference between the PSS and the SSS will exceed 2π, resulting in phase ambiguity and an error in the estimated FO.

[0155] 2) If the interval of the synchronization grid is less than 2*FO, then the UE may be located at a grid point that does not belong to the actual SSB (e.g., f). raster,1 Other grid points (e.g., f) raster,2 f was detected raster,1 The SSB may cause problems in subsequent processes, such as timing and uplink frequency offset estimation.

[0156] Therefore, the selection of SSB's SCS and synchronization grid spacing must at least satisfy the following formula:

[0157] Δf SCS,SSB ≥f d,max -f comp

[0158] Δf raster ≥2*(f d,max -f comp )

[0159] The beneficial effect of performing open-loop frequency offset pre-compensation on the SSB / reference signal is that the network side can select an appropriate FO pre-compensation f. compThis can reduce the requirements for SCS and synchronization grid spacing.

[0160] Furthermore, open-loop frequency offset compensation is also applicable to other channels or signals. In this case, the network side applies the same pre-compensation method as SSB to pre-compensate the transmitted signal (such as passband pre-compensation or baseband pre-compensation), while the UE side utilizes the frequency offset f estimated based on SSB. o Post-compensation of the received signal, such as shifting the passband received signal to the center frequency -f o Place.

[0161] Example Group 2

[0162] This set of examples mainly introduces open-loop frequency offset compensation for uplink signals.

[0163] Similar to Example Group 1, this Example Group is applicable to open-loop frequency offset compensation of uplink signals. One application scenario is to compensate for uplink reference signals (such as PRACH) during random access.

[0164] In this embodiment, PRACH can also refer to other uplink signals, such as uplink WUS, SRS, or open-loop frequency offset compensation PUXCH, etc.

[0165] In some embodiments, the UE does not compensate the uplink signal FO, but sends a PRACH to the network side, and the network side performs post-compensation on the received PRACH.

[0166] The first signal is PRACH.

[0167] The network side sends the first message, instructing the UE not to compensate for FO.

[0168] The UE uses the fourth parameter to send the second signal, i.e., to send PRACH. Specifically, the fourth parameter is at least one of the following:

[0169] 1) UE does not compensate FO.

[0170] 2) PRACH format, such as format, CP length, waveform.

[0171] 3) PRACH time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, or code-domain resources.

[0172] The network side uses a second parameter to receive PRACH, specifically, the second parameter is at least one of the following:

[0173] 1) FO of network-side back-end compensation, i.e., f comp .

[0174] 2) PRACH format, such as format, CP length, waveform.

[0175] 3) PRACH time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, or code-domain resources.

[0176] The network side detects PRACH and determines the frequency offset experienced by the PRACH based on the PRACH. The frequency offset is the sum of the following:

[0177] 1) The local oscillator frequency offset of the UE.

[0178] 2) Cell-specific FO.

[0179] 3) UE specific FO.

[0180] 4)-f comp .

[0181] In some embodiments, the UE pre-compensates at least part of the PRACH (FO) before sending the PRACH to the network side, and the network side performs post-compensation on the received PRACH.

[0182] The first signal is PRACH.

[0183] The network side sends the first message, instructing the UE to perform pre-compensation for PRACH.

[0184] Case 1: The first information directly indicates to the UE that pre-compensation FO is required.

[0185] Scenario 2: The first information indicates the relevant information of the FO value that the UE needs to pre-compensate. The UE calculates it itself. For example, the first information indicates the altitude information of the serving satellite, the relative position of the agreed location with respect to the serving satellite, time information, etc. The UE calculates the FO based on the above information.

[0186] Case 3: The first information instructs the UE to compensate for the frequency offset estimated based on the downlink reference signal. For example, in Example Group 1, the UE estimates the downlink frequency offset as f based on the SSB. o So when the UE sends PRACH, it makes or X is an indicated or agreed-upon multiple, such as X = 2.

[0187] The UE uses the fourth parameter to send the second signal, i.e., to send PRACH. Specifically, the fourth parameter is at least one of the following:

[0188] 1) UE performs pre-compensation for PRACH in FO.

[0189] 2) PRACH format, such as format, CP length, waveform.

[0190] 3) PRACH time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, or code-domain resources.

[0191] The network side uses a second parameter to receive PRACH, specifically, the second parameter is at least one of the following:

[0192] 1) FO of network-side back-end compensation,

[0193] 2) PRACH format, such as format, CP length, waveform.

[0194] 3) PRACH time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, or code-domain resources.

[0195] The network side detects PRACH and determines the frequency offset experienced by the PRACH based on the PRACH. The frequency offset is the sum of the following:

[0196] 1) The local oscillator frequency offset of the UE.

[0197] 2) Cell-specific FO.

[0198] 3) UE specific FO.

[0199] 4)

[0200] 5)

[0201] For example (passband pre-compensation), the specific implementation method of UE pre-compensating PRACH FO is as follows:

[0202] 1) Assuming the target center frequency of PRACH is f1, the frequency that the UE needs to pre-compensate is...

[0203] 2) The UE generates the PRACH baseband signal, and during upconversion, it shifts the PRACH baseband signal to the center frequency.

[0204] For example (baseband pre-compensation), the specific implementation method of UE performing pre-compensation FO for PRACH is as follows:

[0205] In the baseband signal generation formula, the frequency of each subcarrier is offset. Assume the frequency that the UE needs to pre-compensate is... And SCS is Δf, then we have

[0206] Method 1: The terminal side generates the PRACH OFDM signal according to the following formula:

[0207]

[0208] Method 2: The terminal side generates the PRACH OFDM signal according to the following formula:

[0209]

[0210] For example, the specific implementation method of post-compensation FO for PRACH on the network side is as follows:

[0211] 1) Assume the center frequency of the received PRACH signal is f. r,1 The frequency at which the network side needs post-compensation is:

[0212] 2) When the network side converts the PRACH signal to a baseband signal, it shifts the PRACH passband signal to the center frequency. Place.

[0213] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first information can be carried in at least one of the following ways:

[0214] 1) System broadcast messages such as SSB / MIB / SIB.

[0215] 2) Msg2 / Msg4 / MsgB during the random access process.

[0216] Msg2 / MsgB refers to RAR, SuccessRAR, FallbackRAR, etc. For example, the initial information is carried through MACCE, DCI, RRC, and other messages in Msg2 / MsgB.

[0217] 3) Scheduling information during the random access process, such as: the RAR UL Grant for scheduling Msg3; and the DCI for scheduling Msg4.

[0218] 4) Signaling such as DCI / MAC CE / RRC after the random access procedure / connection state.

[0219] 5) Handover command or other signaling that indicates information about neighboring cells.

[0220] As a sub-implementation of the above sub-implementation, the serving cell where the UE is located can indicate the first information of the neighboring cell or the target serving cell through the Handover command or other signaling used to indicate neighboring cell information, so that the UE can perform open-loop frequency offset compensation on the PRACH sent in the target serving cell when performing cell reselection or handover.

[0221] In this embodiment, the UE performs frequency offset compensation for the uplink signal in an open-loop manner, minimizing the frequency offset of the PRACH signal reaching the receiver with low or almost zero overhead, thereby reducing the processing overhead at the receiver and improving the signal reception quality.

[0222] Example Group 3

[0223] This set of examples mainly introduces closed-loop frequency offset compensation for uplink signals.

[0224] This set of embodiments is applicable to closed-loop frequency offset compensation for uplink signals. One application scenario is to compensate for channels such as Msg3 / Msg4 PUCCH during random access or PUXCH in the connected state. Closed-loop frequency offset compensation refers to further adjusting the frequency offset based on open-loop frequency offset compensation, through network-side indication.

[0225] This embodiment uses Msg3 as an example for description, but it can also refer to other uplink signals, such as some PRACH, SRS, or closed-loop frequency offset compensation PUXCH, etc.

[0226] In some embodiments, the UE pre-compensated closed-loop frequency offset compensation value for Msg3 Send Msg3 to the network side, and the network side receives Msg3.

[0227] The network side sends the first information, and the UE receives the first information. For example, the first information can be carried through the RARUL Grant of Msg2. The UE determines the closed-loop frequency offset adjustment amount of Msg3 through the first information.

[0228] Scenario 1:

[0229] The first information indicates the granularity of FOC's indication / adjustment, Δf.

[0230] The first information indicates the FO adjustment amount Y indicated by the FOC.

[0231] The UE calculates the result using the above information.

[0232] In the first scenario, similar to the TAC adjustment method, the network achieves closed-loop frequency offset adjustment by indicating the frequency adjustment amount, resulting in lower signaling overhead.

[0233] Scenario 2:

[0234] The first piece of information indicates the functional relationship between TAC and FOC, func().

[0235] The first information indicates TAC, Δt.

[0236] The UE calculates the result using the above information.

[0237] With the scheme in Case 2, the UE implicitly determines the FOC based on the TAC, saving signaling overhead.

[0238] Scenario 3:

[0239] The first piece of information indicates the phase adjustment amount or phase difference value, such as the phase difference over time Δt.

[0240] The UE generates an opposite phase difference by adjusting the frequency, such as a phase difference of time Δt.

[0241] In scenario 3, the network directly indicates the phase difference, and the UE adjusts the frequency based on the phase difference. This is suitable for situations where the UE cannot accurately determine its local frequency.

[0242] Scenario 4:

[0243] The first information, FOC, indicates relevant information used to receive the synchronization carrier, such as the carrier's time-domain information, frequency-domain information, and code-domain information.

[0244] The UE receives the synchronization carrier indicated by the FOC and obtains the frequency after closed-loop frequency offset adjustment.

[0245] In scenario 4, the network directly indicates a new synchronization signal, and the UE detects and locks onto the synchronization signal. This is suitable for situations where the UE cannot accurately determine its local frequency.

[0246] The UE sends Msg3 based on the closed-loop frequency offset adjustment amount or the frequency after frequency offset adjustment.

[0247] As a first seed embodiment of the above embodiments, the first information can be represented by the MAC CE subheader or logical channel identifier (LCID), for example, as shown in the table below:

[0248]

[0249] As a second seed embodiment of the above embodiments, the first information can be represented by MAC CE, for example, by introducing a frequency offset command similar to TAC, such as:

[0250] Scenario 1: FOC directly carries the indication value, such as the FO value, whose granularity and sign are pre-agreed or configured, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0251] Case 2: The FOC bearer indication value and its sign are pre-agreed upon or configured in terms of granularity, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0252] Case 3: The FOC (Fulfillment of Control) indicator value and its granularity are pre-defined or configured, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0253] Case 4: FOC load indicator value, its symbol, and granularity, such as Figure 6 As shown.

[0254] Scenario 5: Using multiple MAC CE indicators for FOC, such as one MAC CE indicating granularity and another MAC CE indicating the specific value, e.g. Figure 7 As shown.

[0255] The above situations are examples, and other situations are not excluded.

[0256] As a third seed embodiment of the above embodiments, the first information can be represented by the MACCE that jointly indicates TAC and FOC, such as Figure 8 As shown.

[0257] Among them, TAC carries the value of TA, including but not limited to the granularity, symbol and specific value of TAC; FOC carries the value of FO, including but not limited to the granularity, symbol and specific value of FOC.

[0258] As a sub-implementation of the above embodiments, the first information or the MAC CE carrying the first information can be carried in at least one of the following ways:

[0259] 1) Msg2 / Msg4 / MsgB during the random access process.

[0260] Msg2 / MsgB refers to RAR, SuccessRAR, FallbackRAR, etc.

[0261] For example, the first information can be carried through MAC CE, DCI, RRC and other messages of Msg2 / MsgB.

[0262] 2) Scheduling information during the random access process, such as: the RAR UL Grant for scheduling Msg3; and the DCI for scheduling Msg4.

[0263] 3) Signaling such as DCI / MAC CE / RRC after the random access procedure / connection state.

[0264] 4) Handover command or other signaling that indicates information about neighboring cells.

[0265] As a sub-implementation of the above sub-implementation, the serving cell where the UE is located can indicate the first information of the neighboring cell or the target serving cell through the Handover command or other signaling used to indicate neighboring cell information, so that when the UE performs cell reselection or handover, it can perform closed-loop frequency offset compensation on Msg3 sent in the target serving cell.

[0266] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: the UE performs uplink signal frequency offset compensation in a closed-loop manner, and adjusts the uplink signal frequency offset in a timely manner according to the instructions of the network side. The frequency offset adjustment has high real-time performance and accuracy, further improving the signal reception quality and reducing the processing overhead of the receiver.

[0267] The above combination Figure 2 The signal transmission or reception method according to embodiments of this application is described in detail. The following will combine... Figure 9 A signal transmission or reception method according to another embodiment of this application is described in detail. It will be understood that the interaction between the network-side device and the terminal, as described from the perspective of the network-side device, is... Figure 2 The descriptions of the network-side devices in the methods shown are the same or corresponding; to avoid repetition, relevant descriptions are omitted as appropriate.

[0268] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of a signal transmission or reception method according to an embodiment of this application, which can be applied to a terminal. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the method 900 includes the following steps.

[0269] S902: The terminal uses a third parameter to receive a first signal, or uses a fourth parameter to send a second signal; wherein the third parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; and the fourth parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

[0270] The signal transmission or reception method provided in this application embodiment allows a terminal to receive a first signal using a third parameter, or to transmit a second signal using a fourth parameter. The third parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal, and the fourth parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal. This helps reduce the total frequency offset of the second signal received by the network-side device, reduces the difficulty of frequency offset compensation when the network-side device transmits the first signal, improves signal transmission quality, and enhances the performance of the communication system in NTN scenarios.

[0271] In one embodiment, the method further includes: the terminal receiving first information and performing at least one of the following based on the first information: performing frequency compensation on the received first signal; performing frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

[0272] In one embodiment, the method further includes: the terminal determining the fourth parameter based on the first signal and first information; wherein the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0273] 1) Frequency Offset Command (FOC).

[0274] 2) FOC indication or adjustment granularity, such as X Hz, X kHz, X rad, X degree, X ppm, etc.

[0275] 3) Functional relationship between Timing Advance Command (TAC) and FOC.

[0276] 4) Timing Advance (TA) adjustment amount indicated by TAC. The TAC may include at least one of the following: Random Access Response (RAR) TAC, Timing Advance Command Media Access Control Unit (TA command MAC CE), Cell Specific Common TA, UE Specific Common TA, and Common TA.

[0277] 5) Satellite altitude information, such as 360km, 600km, 1200km, etc.

[0278] 6) The relative position of the agreed position (predefined / configured / indicated position) with respect to the satellite, such as elevation angle, distance, etc.

[0279] 7) Terminal time information, such as absolute time, relative time, etc.

[0280] 8) Time information of network-side devices, such as absolute time and relative time.

[0281] 9) Enable or disable FO compensation. If the first information indicates that FO compensation is disabled, the FO compensation value on the terminal side can be considered to be 0.

[0282] 10) First FO, the first FO corresponding to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP.

[0283] 11) Second FO, which corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP.

[0284] 12) The third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite.

[0285] In one embodiment, the FOC is used to indicate at least one of the following: FO adjustment amount; phase adjustment amount or phase difference; relevant information for receiving a synchronization carrier.

[0286] In one embodiment, the method further includes: the terminal obtaining the terminal's time information based on GNSS or SSB.

[0287] In one embodiment, the method further includes: the terminal obtaining the terminal's location information based on GNSS, positioning, the ID or location of the serving cell or neighboring cell, geographical region (such as Zone ID), or downlink reference signal (such as SSB, CSI-RS).

[0288] In one embodiment, the first information is determined by at least one of the following:

[0289] 1) The information carried by at least one of the following: system broadcast message, information during random access, scheduling information during random access, RRC, MAC CE, DCI, handover command or signaling indicating neighbor cell information.

[0290] 2) The agreed or specified value.

[0291] 3) Values ​​associated with frequency points or frequency bands.

[0292] In one embodiment, the third parameter includes third FO compensation-related information, and the fourth parameter includes fourth FO compensation-related information, wherein the third FO compensation-related information or the fourth FO compensation-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0293] 1) Enable or disable FO compensation. When FO compensation is disabled, the FO compensation value of the terminal can be considered to be 0.

[0294] 2) The type of FO for compensation, which may include a first FO, a second FO, or a third FO, etc.

[0295] 3) First FO, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP.

[0296] 4) The second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP.

[0297] 5) The third FO, which corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite.

[0298] In one embodiment, the third parameter further includes at least one of the following: the SCS of the first signal; the synchronization grid or the spacing of the synchronization grids for receiving the first signal; the channel grid for receiving the first signal; and the frequency band of the first signal.

[0299] In one embodiment, the fourth parameter further includes at least one of the following: the SCS of the second signal; the synchronization grid or the interval of the synchronization grid for transmitting the second signal; the channel grid for transmitting the second signal; and the frequency band of the second signal.

[0300] In one embodiment, receiving the first signal using the third parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0301] 1) Apply the first FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal.

[0302] 2) Apply the sum of the second FO and the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal.

[0303] 3) Apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal, wherein the network-side device is further used to apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal.

[0304] 4) Apply a third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal, wherein the network-side device is further used to apply a second FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal.

[0305] Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

[0306] In one embodiment, the post-compensation value applied by the terminal to the first signal is the value in the cell-specific FO that has not been pre-compensated by the network side. For example, when the FO compensated by the network side is the cell-specific common FO, then the FO that the terminal needs to post-compensate is cell-specific common FO = cell-specific FO - cell-specific common FO.

[0307] In one embodiment, sending the second signal using the fourth parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0308] 1) Apply the first FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

[0309] 2) Apply the sum of the second FO and the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

[0310] 3) Apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal, wherein the network-side device is further used to apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal.

[0311] 4) Apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal, wherein the network-side device is also used to apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal.

[0312] Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

[0313] In one embodiment, the first FO, the second FO, or the third FO includes at least one of the following: a reference value; an Nth-order rate of change of the reference value, where N is a positive integer; a function that changes over time; an updated value of the reference value; and a time reference value.

[0314] In one embodiment, the SCS of the first signal or the second signal is greater than or equal to the following value: f d,max The difference between the frequency offset value and the frequency offset value; or the synchronization grid spacing of the first signal or the second signal is greater than or equal to the following value: f d,max Twice the difference between the frequency offset value and the frequency offset value; where f d,max This represents the maximum possible Doppler frequency offset for terminals within the community.

[0315] The signal transmission or reception method provided in this application can be executed by a signal transmission or reception device. This application uses an example of a signal transmission or reception device executing the signal transmission or reception method to illustrate the signal transmission or reception device provided in this application.

[0316] This application provides a signal transmitting or receiving device. As an example, the signal transmitting or receiving device may be a communication device or a component within a communication device, such as a chip. The communication device may be a terminal, a network-side device, or a server, etc. Exemplarily, the terminal may include, but is not limited to, the type of terminal 11 listed above, and the network-side device may include, but is not limited to, the type of network-side device 12 listed above. This application does not impose specific limitations.

[0317] A signal transmitting or receiving device includes a receiving module, a transmitting module, and a processing module. These modules can be implemented in software or hardware. When implemented in hardware, the processing module can be implemented by a processor. For example, the processor can include general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), microprocessor, Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Artificial Intelligence (AI) processor, Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Network Processor (NP), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, gate circuits, transistors, discrete hardware components, etc. The receiving and transmitting modules can be implemented by a communication interface, which can include one or more of the following: transceiver, pins, circuits, bus, radio frequency unit, etc.

[0318] See Figure 10 When the signal transmitting or receiving device is a network-side device or a component of a network-side device, the signal transmitting or receiving device 1000 includes a communication module 1002, used to transmit a first signal using a first parameter, or to receive a second signal using a second parameter; wherein, the first parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; and the second parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

[0319] The signal transmitting or receiving apparatus provided in this application embodiment transmits a first signal using a first parameter, or receives a second signal using a second parameter; wherein, the first parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; the second parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal, which is beneficial to reduce the total frequency offset of the terminal receiving the downlink first signal, reduce the difficulty of frequency offset compensation for the terminal transmitting the uplink second signal, and improve the signal transmission quality and the performance of the communication system in the NTN scenario.

[0320] In one embodiment, the communication module 1002 is further configured to send first information to the terminal, the first information being configured to instruct at least one of the following: the terminal performs frequency compensation on the received first signal; the terminal performs frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

[0321] In one embodiment, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0322] 1) Frequency Offset Command (FOC).

[0323] 2) FOC indication or adjustment granularity, such as X Hz, X kHz, X rad, X degree, X ppm, etc.

[0324] 3) Functional relationship between Timing Advance Command (TAC) and FOC.

[0325] 4) Timing Advance (TA) adjustment amount indicated by TAC. The TAC may include at least one of the following: Random Access Response (RAR) TAC, Timing Advance Command Media Access Control Unit (TA command MAC CE), Cell Specific Common TA, UE Specific Common TA, and Common TA.

[0326] 5) Satellite altitude information, such as 360km, 600km, 1200km, etc.

[0327] 6) The relative position of the agreed position (predefined / configured / indicated position) with respect to the satellite, such as elevation angle, distance, etc.

[0328] 7) Terminal time information, such as absolute time, relative time, etc.

[0329] 8) Time information of network-side devices, such as absolute time and relative time.

[0330] 9) Enable or disable FO compensation. At this time, the FO compensation value on the terminal side can be considered to be 0.

[0331] 10) First FO, the first FO corresponding to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP.

[0332] 11) Second FO, which corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP.

[0333] 12) The third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite.

[0334] The first FO, second FO, or third FO can be found in the description of the embodiments above.

[0335] In one embodiment, the FOC is used to indicate at least one of the following: FO adjustment amount; phase adjustment amount or phase difference; relevant information for receiving a synchronization carrier.

[0336] In one embodiment, the first parameter includes first frequency offset (FO) compensation related information, and the second parameter includes second FO compensation related information, wherein the first FO compensation related information or the second FO compensation related information includes at least one of the following:

[0337] 1) Enable or disable FO compensation. When FO compensation is disabled, the FO compensation value of the network-side device can be considered to be 0.

[0338] 2) The type of FO for compensation, which may include a first FO, a second FO, or a third FO, etc.

[0339] 3) First FO, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP.

[0340] 4) The second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP.

[0341] 5) The third FO, which corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite.

[0342] The first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite, such as the center point of the first cell; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment, such as a ground gNB or a satellite.

[0343] In one embodiment, the communication module 1002 is used for at least one of the following:

[0344] 1) Apply the first FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal.

[0345] 2) Apply the sum of the second FO and the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal.

[0346] 3) Apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal, wherein the terminal is further used to apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal.

[0347] 4) Apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal, wherein the terminal is further used to apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal.

[0348] Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

[0349] In one embodiment, the communication module 1002 is used for at least one of the following:

[0350] 1) Apply the first FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal.

[0351] 2) Apply the sum of the second FO and the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal.

[0352] 3) Apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal, wherein the terminal is further used to apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

[0353] 4) Apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal, wherein the terminal is also used to apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

[0354] Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

[0355] For details, see Figure 11 When the signal transmitting or receiving device is a terminal or a component within a terminal, the signal transmitting or receiving device 1100 includes a communication module 1102, used to receive a first signal using a third parameter, or to transmit a second signal using a fourth parameter; wherein the third parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; and the fourth parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

[0356] The signal transmitting or receiving device provided in this application embodiment receives a first signal using a third parameter, or transmits a second signal using a fourth parameter; wherein, the third parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; the fourth parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal, which is beneficial to reduce the total frequency offset of the second signal received by the network-side device, reduce the difficulty of frequency offset compensation when the network-side device transmits the first signal, and improve the signal transmission quality and the performance of the communication system in the NTN scenario.

[0357] In one embodiment, the communication module 1102 is further configured to receive first information and perform at least one of the following based on the first information: perform frequency compensation on the received first signal; perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

[0358] In one embodiment, the system further includes a processing module configured to determine the fourth parameter based on the first signal and first information; wherein the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0359] 1) Frequency Offset Command (FOC).

[0360] 2) FOC indication or adjustment granularity, such as X Hz, X kHz, X rad, X degree, X ppm, etc.

[0361] 3) Functional relationship between Timing Advance Command (TAC) and FOC.

[0362] 4) Timing Advance (TA) adjustment amount indicated by TAC. The TAC may include at least one of the following: Random Access Response (RAR) TAC, Timing Advance Command Media Access Control Unit (TA command MAC CE), Cell Specific Common TA, UE Specific Common TA, and Common TA.

[0363] 5) Satellite altitude information, such as 360km, 600km, 1200km, etc.

[0364] 6) The relative position of the agreed position (predefined / configured / indicated position) with respect to the satellite, such as elevation angle, distance, etc.

[0365] 7) Terminal time information, such as absolute time, relative time, etc.

[0366] 8) Time information of network-side devices, such as absolute time and relative time.

[0367] 9) Enable or disable FO compensation. At this time, the FO compensation value on the terminal side can be considered to be 0.

[0368] 10) First FO, the first FO corresponding to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP.

[0369] 11) Second FO, which corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP.

[0370] 12) The third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite.

[0371] The first FO, second FO, or third FO can be found in the description of the embodiments above.

[0372] In one embodiment, the FOC is used to indicate at least one of the following: FO adjustment amount; phase adjustment amount or phase difference; relevant information for receiving a synchronization carrier.

[0373] In one embodiment, the third parameter includes third FO compensation-related information, and the fourth parameter includes fourth FO compensation-related information, wherein the third FO compensation-related information or the fourth FO compensation-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0374] 1) Enable or disable FO compensation. When FO compensation is disabled, the FO compensation value of the terminal can be considered to be 0.

[0375] 2) The type of FO for compensation, which may include a first FO, a second FO, or a third FO, etc.

[0376] 3) First FO, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP.

[0377] 4) The second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP.

[0378] 5) The third FO, which corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite.

[0379] In one embodiment, receiving the first signal using the third parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0380] 1) Apply the first FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal.

[0381] 2) Apply the sum of the second FO and the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal.

[0382] 3) Apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal, wherein the network-side device is further used to apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal.

[0383] 4) Apply a third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal, wherein the network-side device is further used to apply a second FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal.

[0384] Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

[0385] In one embodiment, sending the second signal using the fourth parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0386] 1) Apply the first FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

[0387] 2) Apply the sum of the second FO and the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

[0388] 3) Apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal, wherein the network-side device is further used to apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal.

[0389] 4) Apply the third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal, wherein the network-side device is also used to apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal.

[0390] Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

[0391] The signal transmitting or receiving device provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figures 2 to 9 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0392] like Figure 12 As shown in the illustration, this application also provides a communication device 1200, including a processor 1201 and a memory 1202. The memory 1202 stores programs or instructions that can run on the processor 1201. For example, when the communication device 1200 is a terminal, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1201 implement the various steps of the above-described signal transmission or reception method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 1200 is a network-side device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1201 implement the various steps of the above-described signal transmission or reception method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, further details are omitted here.

[0393] This application embodiment also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement, for example... Figure 9 The steps in the method embodiment shown are illustrated. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-described terminal-side method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this terminal embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. The terminal can be... Figure 11 The signal transmitting or receiving device shown. Specifically, Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal to implement an embodiment of this application.

[0394] The terminal 1300 includes, but is not limited to, at least some of the following components: radio frequency unit 1301, network module 1302, audio output unit 1303, input unit 1304, sensor 1305, display unit 1306, user input unit 1307, interface unit 1308, memory 1309, and processor 1310.

[0395] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terminal 1300 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor 1310 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as managing charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management system. Figure 13 The terminal structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0396] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the input unit 1304 may include a graphics processor 13041 and a microphone 13042. The graphics processor 13041 processes image data of still images or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in video capture mode or image capture mode. The display unit 1306 may include a display panel 13061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, or the like. The user input unit 1307 includes a touch panel 13071 and at least one of other input devices 13072. The touch panel 13071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 13071 may include a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 13072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be described in detail here.

[0397] In this embodiment, after receiving downlink data from the network-side device, the radio frequency unit 1301 can transmit it to the processor 1310 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 1301 can send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 1301 includes, but is not limited to, antennas, amplifiers, transceivers, couplers, low-noise amplifiers, duplexers, etc.

[0398] The memory 1309 can be used to store software programs or instructions, as well as various data. The memory 1309 may primarily include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback, image playback, etc.). Furthermore, the memory 1309 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 1309 in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0399] Processor 1310 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 1310 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles operations involving the operating system, user interface, and applications, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 1310.

[0400] The radio frequency unit 1301 is used to receive a first signal using a third parameter, or to send a second signal using a fourth parameter; wherein the third parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; and the fourth parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

[0401] The terminal provided in this application embodiment receives a first signal using a third parameter, or transmits a second signal using a fourth parameter; wherein, the third parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; the fourth parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal, which helps to reduce the total frequency offset of the second signal received by the network-side device, reduces the difficulty of frequency offset compensation when the network-side device transmits the first signal, helps to improve the signal transmission quality, and improves the performance of the communication system in the NTN scenario.

[0402] It is understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the signal transmission or reception method embodiment and achieve the same or corresponding technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0403] This application embodiment also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement, for example... Figure 2 The steps of the method embodiment shown are illustrated. This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the above-described network-side device method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this network-side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0404] Specifically, embodiments of this application also provide a network-side device, which can be... Figure 10 The signal transmitting or receiving device shown. For example... Figure 14 As shown, the network-side device 1400 includes: an antenna 141, a radio frequency (RF) device 142, a baseband device 143, a processor 144, and a memory 145. The antenna 141 is connected to the RF device 142. In the uplink direction, the RF device 142 receives information through the antenna 141 and transmits the received information to the baseband device 143 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 143 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to the RF device 142. The RF device 142 processes the received information and transmits it through the antenna 141.

[0405] The radio frequency device 142 is used to transmit a first signal using a first parameter, or to receive a second signal using a second parameter; wherein the first parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; and the second parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

[0406] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiments can be implemented in the baseband device 143, which includes a baseband processor.

[0407] Baseband device 143 may include, for example, at least one baseband board on which multiple chips are disposed, such as Figure 14As shown, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 145 via a bus interface to call the program in the memory 145 and execute the network device operation shown in the above method embodiment.

[0408] The network-side device may also include a network interface 146, such as a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0409] Specifically, the network-side device 1400 in this application embodiment further includes: instructions or programs stored in memory 145 and executable on processor 144, wherein processor 144 calls the instructions or programs in memory 145 to execute. Figure 10 The methods executed by each module shown achieve the same technical effect, and to avoid repetition, they will not be described in detail here.

[0410] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described signal transmission or reception method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, these will not be described again here.

[0411] The processor mentioned above is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.

[0412] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described signal transmission or reception method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0413] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0414] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-described signal transmission or reception method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0415] This application also provides a signal transmission or reception system, including: a terminal and a network-side device, wherein the terminal can be used to perform the steps of the signal transmission or reception method described above, and the network-side device can be used to perform the steps of the signal transmission or reception method described above.

[0416] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0417] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of computer software products plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, they can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes several instructions to cause the terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0418] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other implementations under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these implementations are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting or receiving a signal, characterized in that, include: The network-side device sends a first signal using a first parameter, or receives a second signal using a second parameter; The first parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; The second parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: the network-side device sending first information to the terminal, the first information indicating at least one of the following: The terminal performs frequency compensation on the received first signal; The terminal performs frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: Frequency Offset Command (FOC); FOC indication or adjustment granularity; The functional relationship between the timed advance commands TAC and FOC; The timing advance adjustment amount indicated by the TAC; Satellite altitude information; The agreed-upon location relative to the satellite; Terminal time information; Time information from network-side devices; Enable or disable frequency offset FO compensation; The first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first reference point RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; The second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; The third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; Wherein, the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network-side equipment.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The FOC is used to indicate at least one of the following: FO adjustment amount; Phase adjustment amount or phase difference; Information used to receive synchronization carriers.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The first information is determined by at least one of the following: The information carried by at least one of the following is: system broadcast message, information during random access, scheduling information during random access, radio resource control (RRC), media access control (MAC) and control unit (CE), downlink control information (DCI), handover command or signaling indicating neighbor cell information; A value that is agreed upon or specified; Values ​​associated with frequency points or frequency bands.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first parameter includes first FO compensation-related information, and the second parameter includes second FO compensation-related information. The first FO compensation-related information or the second FO compensation-related information includes at least one of the following: Enable or deenable FO compensation; The type of FO for compensation; The first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; The second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; The third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; Wherein, the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network-side equipment.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first parameter further includes at least one of the following: the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the first signal; the synchronization grid for transmitting the first signal or the spacing of the synchronization grid; the channel grid for transmitting the first signal; and the frequency band of the first signal. or The second parameter further includes at least one of the following: the SCS of the second signal; the synchronization grid or the spacing of the synchronization grid for receiving the second signal; the channel grid for receiving the second signal; and the frequency band of the second signal.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The application of the first parameter to send the first signal includes at least one of the following: The first FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal; The frequency compensation of the transmitted first signal is performed by applying the sum of the second FO and the third FO. The second FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal, wherein the terminal is further used to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal using a third FO. The terminal applies a third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal, wherein the terminal is further used to apply a second FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal. Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The application of the second parameter to receive the second signal includes at least one of the following: The first FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal; The second signal is frequency compensated by applying the sum of the second FO and the third FO. The second FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal, wherein the terminal is also used to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal using a third FO; The terminal applies a third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal, wherein the terminal is also used to apply a second FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal. Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

10. The method according to claim 3, 6, 8 or 9, characterized in that, The first FO, the second FO, or the third FO includes at least one of the following: Reference value; The Nth rate of change of the reference value, where N is a positive integer; A function that changes over time; Updated value of the reference value; Time reference value.

11. A method for transmitting or receiving a signal, characterized in that, include: The terminal uses the third parameter to receive the first signal, or uses the fourth parameter to send the second signal; The third parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; The fourth parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: the terminal receiving first information and performing at least one of the following based on the first information: Frequency compensation is performed on the received first signal; Frequency compensation is performed on the transmitted second signal.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: the terminal determining the fourth parameter based on the first signal and the first information; wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: FOC; FOC indication or adjustment granularity; The functional relationship between TAC and FOC; The TA adjustment amount indicated by the TAC; Satellite altitude information; The agreed-upon location relative to the satellite; The time information of the terminal; Time information from network-side devices; Enable or deenable FO compensation; The first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; The second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; The third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; Wherein, the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network-side equipment.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The FOC is used to indicate at least one of the following: FO adjustment amount; Phase adjustment amount or phase difference; Information used to receive synchronization carriers.

15. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal obtains its time information based on GNSS or SSB.

16. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal obtains its location information based on GNSS, positioning, the ID or location of the serving cell or neighboring cells, geographical region, or downlink reference signals.

17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that, The first information is determined by at least one of the following: The information carried by at least one of the following is: system broadcast message, information during random access, scheduling information during random access, RRC, MAC CE, DCI, handover command or signaling indicating neighbor cell information; A value that is agreed upon or specified; Values ​​associated with frequency points or frequency bands.

18. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that, The third parameter includes third FO compensation-related information, and the fourth parameter includes fourth FO compensation-related information. The third FO compensation-related information or the fourth FO compensation-related information includes at least one of the following: Enable or deenable FO compensation; The type of FO for compensation; The first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; The second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; The third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; Wherein, the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network-side equipment.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The third parameter further includes at least one of the following: the SCS of the first signal; the synchronization grid or the spacing of the synchronization grid for receiving the first signal; the channel grid for receiving the first signal; the frequency band of the first signal; or The fourth parameter further includes at least one of the following: the SCS of the second signal; the synchronization grid or the interval of the synchronization grid for transmitting the second signal; the channel grid for transmitting the second signal; and the frequency band of the second signal.

20. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that, The application of the third parameter to receive the first signal includes at least one of the following: The first FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal; The first received signal is frequency compensated by applying the sum of the second FO and the third FO. The received first signal is frequency compensated by applying a second FO, wherein the network-side device is further configured to apply a third FO to compensate the frequency of the transmitted first signal. The network-side device applies a third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal, wherein the network-side device is further used to apply a second FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal. Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

21. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that, The application of the fourth parameter to send the second signal includes at least one of the following: The first FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal; The frequency compensation of the transmitted second signal is performed by applying the sum of the second FO and the third FO; The second FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal, wherein the network side device is also used to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal using a third FO; The network-side device applies a third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal, wherein the network-side device is also used to apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal. Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

22. A signal transmitting or receiving device, applied to network-side equipment, characterized in that, include: A communication module is used to send a first signal using a first parameter, or to receive a second signal using a second parameter; The first parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; The second parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

23. The apparatus according to claim 22, characterized in that, The communication module is further configured to send first information to the terminal, the first information indicating at least one of the following: The terminal performs frequency compensation on the received first signal; The terminal performs frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal.

24. The apparatus according to claim 23, characterized in that, The first information includes at least one of the following: Frequency Offset Command (FOC); FOC indication or adjustment granularity; The functional relationship between the timed advance commands TAC and FOC; The timing advance adjustment amount indicated by the TAC; Satellite altitude information; The agreed-upon location relative to the satellite; Terminal time information; Time information from network-side devices; Enable or deenable FO compensation; The first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; The second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; The third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; Wherein, the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network-side equipment.

25. The apparatus according to claim 24, characterized in that, The FOC is used to indicate at least one of the following: FO adjustment amount; Phase adjustment amount or phase difference; Information used to receive synchronization carriers.

26. The apparatus according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that, The first parameter includes first frequency offset (FO) compensation related information, and the second parameter includes second FO compensation related information. The first FO compensation related information or the second FO compensation related information includes at least one of the following: Enable or deenable FO compensation; The type of FO for compensation; The first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; The second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; The third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; Wherein, the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network-side equipment.

27. The apparatus according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that, The communication module is used for at least one of the following: The first FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal; The frequency compensation of the transmitted first signal is performed by applying the sum of the second FO and the third FO. The second FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal, wherein the terminal is further used to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal using a third FO. The terminal applies a third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal, wherein the terminal is further used to apply a second FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal. Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

28. The apparatus according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that, The communication module is used for at least one of the following: The first FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal; The second signal is frequency compensated by applying the sum of the second FO and the third FO. The second FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal, wherein the terminal is also used to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal using a third FO; The terminal applies a third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal, wherein the terminal is also used to apply a second FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal. Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

29. A signal transmitting or receiving device, applied to a terminal, characterized in that, include: A communication module is used to receive a first signal using a third parameter, or to send a second signal using a fourth parameter; The third parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the first signal; The fourth parameter is used to perform frequency compensation on the second signal.

30. The apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that, The communication module is further configured to receive first information and, based on the first information, perform at least one of the following: Frequency compensation is performed on the received first signal; Frequency compensation is performed on the transmitted second signal.

31. The apparatus according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that, It also includes a processing module for determining the fourth parameter based on the first signal and the first information; wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: FOC; FOC indication or adjustment granularity; The functional relationship between TAC and FOC; The TA adjustment amount indicated by the TAC; Satellite altitude information; The agreed-upon location relative to the satellite; The time information of the terminal; Time information from network-side devices; Enable or deenable FO compensation; The first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; The second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; The third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; Wherein, the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network-side equipment.

32. The apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that, The FOC is used to indicate at least one of the following: FO adjustment amount; Phase adjustment amount or phase difference; Information used to receive synchronization carriers.

33. The apparatus according to any one of claims 29 to 32, characterized in that, The third parameter includes third FO compensation-related information, and the fourth parameter includes fourth FO compensation-related information. The third FO compensation-related information or the fourth FO compensation-related information includes at least one of the following: Enable or deenable FO compensation; The type of FO for compensation; The first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; The second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; The third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; Wherein, the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network-side equipment.

34. The apparatus according to any one of claims 29 to 33, characterized in that, The application of the third parameter to receive the first signal includes at least one of the following: The first FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal; The first received signal is frequency compensated by applying the sum of the second FO and the third FO. The received first signal is frequency compensated by applying a second FO, wherein the network-side device is further configured to apply a third FO to compensate the frequency of the transmitted first signal. The network-side device applies a third FO to perform frequency compensation on the received first signal, wherein the network-side device is further used to apply a second FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted first signal. Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

35. The apparatus according to any one of claims 29 to 33, characterized in that, The application of the fourth parameter to send the second signal includes at least one of the following: The first FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal; The frequency compensation of the transmitted second signal is performed by applying the sum of the second FO and the third FO; The second FO is used to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal, wherein the network side device is also used to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal using a third FO; The network-side device applies a third FO to perform frequency compensation on the transmitted second signal, wherein the network-side device is also used to apply the second FO to perform frequency compensation on the received second signal. Wherein, the first FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite and from the satellite to the second RP; the second FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the satellite to the second RP; the third FO corresponds to the FO caused by the Doppler frequency offset from the first RP to the satellite; the first RP is a reference point on the path from the terminal to the satellite; the second RP is a reference point on the path from the satellite to the ground network side equipment.

36. A terminal, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 11 to 21.

37. A network-side device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

38. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-10, or implement the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 11-21.

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